Brief information about the Novosibirsk region of the region Geographical location - document. Geography

Characteristic of the region

Information about the Novosibirsk region and its geographical position

The Novosibirsk region is located in the southeastern part of the West Siberian Plain, mainly in the passfold Ob and Irtysh. In the east, adjoins the Salair ridge. It borders with Kazakhstan, the Altai Territory, Kemerovo, Omsk and Tomsk regions. The total length of the borders is 2765 km.<.p>

Main rivers Ob, Omics. Territory 172.2 thousand square meters. km. The maximum length from west to east is 615 km, from north to south 440 km. The Novosibirsk region was formed on September 28, 1937 and "lies" in the fifth time zone.

The relief of the region is predominantly plain with small oscillations of absolute heights on close distance. In the western part of the oscillation, 5-20 meters are in the east to 50-100 meters. The territory of the region gradually rises from the west to the East, forming several steps.

The lowest stage occupies the western part of the Barabinsk plain with altitudes of 90-120 meters. The second stage of relief occupies eastern part Barabinsk plains and rises to a height of 140-150 meters, in the north of the region it is represented by Vasyugan flat plain. The third stage in the relief is formed by the Priobskoe plateau, which the valley of the Ob river is divided into the left-bank and right-bank part. Absolute heights range from 150 to 300 or more than meters. The relative heights increase with sharply on the plateau. In the left-bank part, they are 20-50, in the right bank they increase to 50-200 m. The territory of the stage is strongly disseminated by the valleys of the rivers, beard, Inya. The slopes of the valleys are dismembered by ravines, beams, hollows. The fourth stage forms the salair ridge with absolute heights 400-500 m. Spray south-western, steep northeast slopes of ridges are dismembered by a thick and solid network of rivers, rivers, beams with a depth of embedded to 200-250 m.

The territory of the region is located in moderate climatic belt. The climate is characterized by significant fluctuations in average monthly and absolute air temperatures, the bright severity of the four seasons of the year with a long cold winter, relatively short warm summer and brief transition seasons - in spring and autumn. Climate on the territory is continental. average temperature January -24 ° C, July + 22 ° C. The largest annual precipitation (250-500 mm).

Vegetable cover - mostly forest-steppe, in the areas of Kolyvan, North, Ust-Tarki, Kyshtovsky, Suzunsky, Bolotnic and Moshkovsky, the coniferous forest prevails, and in other areas up to 10% of the area - lady forests, in the form of eyelas, forest belt. The total area of \u200b\u200bforests is 4245 thousand.

Hydrography - a moderately developed river network with preferential direction Currents to the southwest and northeast. Basic rivers Ob, Inya, Berd. Steppe lakes and ponds - on the flat part of the area. River Ob - width 640 m, depth - 2-5 m, flow rate 1 m / s, bottom sandy, shores unoccupied, river shipping, the floodplain of the river is wide, is cut by styrices, ducts, lakes. And Inya - Width 60-120 m Depth 0.8-1.7 m, the bottom of sand-pebble, flow rate of 0.2-0.5 m / s, the shores are increasing, high (3-8 m), the river flows on the populated area. Trek Berd - width from 2 to 16 m, a depth of 1.2 m, the flow rate is 0.1-1.0 m / s, the bottom is or). There are three large lakes: Lake Chane - Located in the western part of the area, area 2.6 thousand k.km, depth up to 10 m, sandy and or satisfying soil, Salted water. Sartlezero - located in the western part of the area, Area 270 sq. M. km, depth up to 5 m, bottom or strength, shores are low, saltwater water. Kilinskoe Lake - is located in the center of the region, close to the railway highway, an area of \u200b\u200babout 600 square meters. km, depth up to 6 m, shores of wetlands and overgrown with reed. In the area of \u200b\u200bNovosibirsk. Ob overlap the dam of the OB-HPP. Novosibirsk reservoir (within the boundaries of the region): length - 135 km, area - 1070 square meters. km, average width - 8.5 km, reservoir volume: full - 8.8 cubic meters. km useful - 4.4 cubic meters. km.

Shipping is carried out through a three-chamber gateway on a channel of 40 m wide, a depth of 4 m. Ob river. The Novosibirsk occurs through the territory of the region and G. Novosibirsk, separates the region into two unequal parts: Western, in which 2 urban and 23 rural areas and Eastern with 8 urban and 7 rural areas, cities attributed to Berdsk and Iskitim civil defense groups.

In the area installed executive - Administration of the region, territorial administrations and municipal formations of cities and districts. Legislative Power - Regional Council of Deputies, District and City Councils of Deputies. Administrative-territorial division: Cities of regional importance: Novosibirsk, Berdsk, Iskitim, Ob, Kuibyshev, Tatarsk, Barabinsk, 30 areas of the region: Barabinsky, Bagansky, Bolotnic, Vengernevsky, Zdvinsky, Iskitim, Karasuksky, Kargatsky, Kolyvan, Kochenevsky, Kochekovsky, Krasnozhersky, Kuibyshevsky, Krisk, Kyshtovsky, Maslyaninsky, Moshkovsky, Novosibirsk, Ordinsky, North, Suzunsky, Tatar, Toguchinsky, Korinsky. Ust-Tarksky, Chanovsky, Cherepanovsky, Church, Chuliamsky. There are 429 settlements (rural administrations). The population of the region is 2692.2 thousand people, incl. Urban 2021.6 thousand people, rural 670.6 thousand people.

The Novosibirsk region refers to industrial areas with a production structure for developed countries, with a fairly high intellectual level of working-age and developed scientific infrastructure. The main industry industry is mechanical engineering, in which more than 60% of industrial potential is employed. It is represented large quantity subproduces, but essential value Electrotechnical engineering, instrument making, aircraft manufacturing, machine-tool construction, production of foundry equipment. A significant part of the enterprises belongs to the mining and industrial complex.

The total length of the railways is 1730 km. Parpuskitality on the Trans-Siberian Railway Railway - 131 pair of trains per day. The railway network in the region is under the regulations of West Siberian railway. Road management is located in Novosibirsk.

Geographical location, territory and populationNovosibirsk region

Novosibirsk region is located in the central part of the mainland of Eurasia, almost in the center Russian Federation In the south-east of West Siberian lowland, one of the greatest plains of the world. Area area 178 thousand square meters. km. or 1% of Russia. The length of the region from the west to the east is more than 600, and from north to south up to 400 kilometers. It enclosed within 75-85 degrees of Eastern longitude and 53-57 degrees northern latitude. In the West borders with Omsk, in the north with Tomsk, in the East with Kemerovo regions, in the south with the Altai Territory, in the southwest - with Kazakhstan. The boundaries between the Novosibirsk region and neighboring (Kemerovo, Tomsk, Omsk), as well as the Altai Territory and Kazakhstan, do not have clear natural borders. The total length of their length exceeds 2,800 km. The length of the border area with the Republic of Kazakhstan is 316.4 km. From north to south, three natural zones are replaced: forest, forest-steppe and steppe. In this limit compression of landscapes is the uniqueness of nature of the edge compared to neighboring areas Western Siberia.. We can say that the Novosibirsk region is almost all western Siberia in miniature. Modern administrative borders of the region exist since 1944. Novosibirsk region - the subject of the Russian Federation is part of the Siberian Federal District. The population is about three million people.

The administrative center of the city of Novosibirsk is located on the picturesque shores of the Ob River. This is one of the young (founded in 1894) and the most large cities in Siberia. Until 1926, he was called Novonikolaevsky. Within the range of 30 administrative districts, which, in turn, are divided into 428 village councils. The administrative center of the region is the city of Novosibirsk, in its composition 10 urban areas: Dzerzhinsky, Railway, Zaletssky, Kalininsky, Kirovsky, Leninsky, Oktyabrsky, Pervomaysky, Soviet, Central. In total, in the region: 7 cities of regional subordination - Novosibirsk, Barabinsk, Berdsk, Iskitim, Kuibyshev, Ob, Tatarsk; 7 cities of district subordination - Bolotnaya, Karasuk, Kargat, Kupino, Toguchin, Cherepanovo, Chul; 18 Urban Types - Mountain, expensive, Kolyvan, Koltsovo, Kochno. Krasnozoirskoye, Krasnoobsk, Lingo, Listvyansky, Maslyanino, Moshkovo, Ordinsky, Sowing, Station-Oyashinsky, Suzun, Chan, Chik, Celent-Sex; 1581 rural settlement. Distance from Novosibirsk to Moscow \u003d 3191 km. The difference in time with Moscow is 3 hours more, with Vladivostok for 4 hours less.

Geological history and paleontology

In the distant past for hundreds of millions of years, a significant part of the territory was the bottom of the Ancient Sea. The proof of this is the paleontological finds of petrified residues of ancient marine animals. In jurassic I. chalome period (100-150 million years ago) The ancient reptiles - dinosaurs lived on land, but the dinosaur bones in the region are not found, since the corresponding geological layers are here at a depth of 1-2 kilometers and are not available. In those distant geological era, the climate in Siberia was warm, subtropical. This is evidenced by the prints of leaves and petrified trunks of ancient thermal-loving plants. In the last 1-2 million years, the beams of significant continental spaces occurred. The glaciers did not enter the territory of the region, but their proximity did the climate cold. The landscape reminded the modern northern tundra at that time. During glacial period Mammoths, woolly rhinos, cave bears, primitive bison, tours, giant deer and cave lions (video "In the footsteps of paleontological finds"). All these animals are extinct relatively recently: 7-15 thousand years ago. In the exposition of the Nature of the Novosibirsk State Local History Museum there is a unique exhibit - the skeleton of Mammoth's female, found in 1939 in the blurred coast of one of the rivers of the region. Separate bones, teeth, the mammoth tails are quite often, but the full skeleton is a rare find.

Relief, minerals

The prevailing part of the territory of the Novosibirsk region is located on the West Siberian lowland, therefore its surface is mainly equalined (Barabinsk lowland and Kulundy steppes). The valley of the river Ob divides the territory of the region into two parts: left bank and right bank. Left Bank is the lowland plain, medium height Which is 120 meters above sea level. Characteristic feature Left Bank Plains - Lento-shaped Relief Relief - Mois. They stretch parallel to each other, their height is usually 3-10 meters. The mane is the former watersheds of the ancient rivers formed by the glacier melting several thousand years ago. The right bank of the region is more sublime, hilly. Here comes here the northernmost, very smoothed spong Altai Gor. - Salair Kringa (Maslynskiy District). On the Salair hills there is the highest point of the region - 510 meters above sea level. The north, in the Toguchinsky district, there are bugotak hills.

On the territory of the region there is a Gorlovsky coal pool with explored reserves of anthracite about 800 million tons, and forecast resources - more than 5 billion tons. This is unique raw base For electrode industry, black and non-ferrous metallurgy. The Zavyalovsky deposit with coal reserves of more than 50 million tons is also operated. In the north-west region, 7 oil deposits (Upper, Maloichskoye, East-Interhovskoye, etc.) are openly with removable reserves of about 40 million tons and one gas condensate. Major resources The raw materials are also peat deposits in the north of the region with total reserves of about 1 billion tons, and forecast reserves are more than 7 billion tons. 24 placers and 1 ore deposit Gold on southetern Areas. The exploitation of the Yegoryevsky field is carried out for more than 150 years, annual mining in last decade is 100-170 kg. In the eastern part of the region, marble is mined (Pethengo field). In 1995, the Ordia Outstanding Place of Zirconium and Titan is open 10 km west of the Novosibirsk reservoir. Refractory clays, cement raw materials, cladding marbles are also involved in circulation. There is a sufficient raw material base of most common minerals (sand, clay, crushed stone) to meet their own needs. Presents the value of groundwater area: mineralized (for therapeutic purposes) and thermal (for heating). In salty lakes of the southwest, a table salt, soda mining. Some salted lakes contain therapeutic dirt used in medicine. On the Solen Lake Karachi, for example, the resort "Lake Karachinskoe" is valid in the country.

Soil and agriculture

The soils of our area are diverse and their location is very mosaic. This is explained large variety natural conditions. Among the main types of soils, the Novosibirsk region can be noted podzolic, marsh, gray forest soil, Salon and Solonchaki. Agriculture is widely used different kinds Chernozem. Agricultural land (Pashnya, pastures, haymaking) occupy approximately half of the area. Major grain culture Spring and winter wheat. We also serve oats, barley, rye, peas, millet, buckwheat. Large squares Busy plantings of potatoes and vegetables (carrots, cabbage, beet), feed crops. They are grown in the field of flax, sunflower, mustard, there are fruit-berry nurseries, where they cultivate currants, sea buckthorn, raspberry, apple tree. In the south of the region, even watermelons grow. Meat-dairy animal husbandry, poultry farming, beekeeping.

Climate and phenology

The Novosibirsk region is located in the center of Eurasia, far from the seas and oceans, so the climate is continental here, with a cold long winter and short, but hot summer. The city of Novosibirsk is on the latitude of such cities as Moscow, Copenhagen, Hamburg, but the number sunny days It is about 20 percent more than on the relevant latitude of Europe. Per year on the region falls on average 300-400 millimeters atmospheric Ospalkov. In our territories are well expressed all four years of year. Winter is the longest time of the year, it lasts five months - from the beginning of November to the end of March. Throughout all these months, it is snow. The average temperature of January (cold month itself) - minus 19 degrees Celsius. Winter - severe time for animals. Some beasts (bear, badger, yozh, chipmunk, smear) all winter are sleeping in their nora. Despite severe WinterBirds fly to us not only in spring from the south, but also in winter from the north - with the onset of colds, polar owls, fisps, bunches and other walkers are appearing. Spring lasts two months - April and May. In the spring, many sunny days, and atmospheric precipitation falls less than in other seasons. In April, the snow is melted intensively, streams are running. In early May, the grass begins to grow and young leaves are blooming on the trees. In the spring, all nature awakens, many types of fleeting birds arrive from the south. Summer comes in early June and lasts about three months old. Most warm month Year of July, the average temperature of July +19 degrees Celsius. Autumn months B. Southern Siberia. - This is September and October. In September, it is still quite warm (+25 degrees). In October, it becomes cold, completely falls foliage from trees, often come rain, in late October, the first snow usually falls.

Water region

The Novosibirsk region is still rich in water. About 380 rivers flow through its territory, including one of the largest rivers of the world - Ob, originating in the glaciers of the Altai Mountains and flows into the North Arctic Ocean. In 1956, not far from Novosibirsk, Ob was blocked by a dam hydroelectric station, as a result of which an artificial reservoir was formed - "Obskoy Sea". Shipping is developed on OBS. From the rivers of the region, it is also worth noting by Yuy, along which there are homes of many Novosibirsk, picturesque beard and leisurely plain rivers of the left bank: Tar, Om, Kargat, Karasuk. The characteristic element of the landscape is the lakes, which are up to 3000, they occupy 3.5 percent of the territory of the region. The largest lakes are located in the central and southwestern part of the region - Chanes (2,600 square meters), Sartlan (238 square meters), Kilinskoye (440 sq. M. km) and others. Lakes are mostly fresh and only a few located in The most arid south-western part of the region, brass and salty. Baraba lakes shallow water, with depth to 1.5-2 meters. Only large lakes of Chane and Sartlene places have a depth of 4-5 meters. Barabinsk reservoirs are susceptible to seasonal and perennial fluctuations in water level and often until complete drying. In the winter of rivers and lakes are covered with ice, the thickness of which reaches 1 meter. Small reservoirs are frozen to the bottom. About 30 percent of the territory occupied by swamps. Large massifs of swamps are located in the north of the area, which enters the world's most extensive swamps in the world - Vasyugan swamps. Novosibirsk region is rich in resources underground water: Fresh and low-mineralized - suitable for economic and drinking water supply, mineral - for therapeutic purposes, thermal - for heatfaction.

Vegetation and natural zones

For the reasons of the geographical position, the Flora of the Novosibirsk region includes many types of plants from Central Europe and North Asia. The vegetation of the region is distinguished by a variety and pronounced zonality of distribution. It is represented by forest, swamp and meadow types. More than 1,200 species of higher dispute and seed plants grow here. Forest wood breeds Presented with 11 species - cedar, pine, spruce, fir, larch, birch, aspen, etc. Shrub-grass-herbal vegetation in the region is represented by complex color - 135 species, cereals - 106, sediment - 89, bean - 67, cruciferous - 57, rose-colored 54 and others. The forest science area is 23.5%. The swamps occupy 17% common Square. In the north of the region there is a marshy dark taiga, consisting of ate, fir, cedar. South in the forests begins to prevail Birch, Pine and Aspen. In the marshy forests of the North of the region, various Mai, lichens are growing lucually growing, unfortunate a bush. Similar arelands of the north landscape penetrate the south in the form of the so-called Ryazov. More typical for the Novosibirsk region of the forest-steppe landscape, where open spaces are interspersed with small isons of birch-oxide forest, which in Siberia is called slices. The grassy vegetation of the forest-steppe is very diverse. Here you can meet valuable medicinal plants, such as St. John's wort, soul, hemorrhal, yarrow, medunication, adonis and others. In the Barabinsk forest-steppe a lot of raw meadows and swamps that have crossed, rogoz and other moisture plants. In the southwest of the region, the border with Kazakhstan begins steppe zone - Kuluddinskaya steppe. For the steppes are characterized by various drought-resistant plants: Ticaccus, wormwood, Kickl, Dosage licorice. Near the salted lakes can be found an interesting salusant flora. In the landscape of the area there is a low thermal black taiga of the salair ridge. It consists mainly of fir and aspen. On wet forest glades, Salair is growing high, in human growth, grass. Karakan, Ust-Aleussky, Ordinsky and other Priobi borsis are very beautiful and rich in berries, mushrooms, medicinal plants. In addition to natural vegetation, the vast spaces of the region are occupied by fields on which agricultural crops are grown, and there is a dendrological park, including introducers from various natural geographic zones of the world.

Animals of the Novosibirsk region

The fauna of the Novosibirsk region includes ten thousand types of invertebrates and 475 species of vertebrate animals. As you know, insects are the most numerous animals in terms of numbers. In the Novosibirsk region, several thousand species of only insects. Among them, butterflies are more than 1400 species, rectal - more than 100 species, flies - more than 400 species, dragonflies - 62 species. Of these, about 150 species day butterflies, among which there are representatives of the Exotic family of Kavalerov - Mahaon and Apollo. Of the numerous refamps, the wasps, bees and bumblebees are noticeable, and in the forests often there are anthills of a red forest ant, which sometimes reach two meters in height. In our areas, abundant lakes and swamps, there are a lot of gnus - double insects (mosquitoes, midges, whipping). The largest sealing animal of our edge is a narrow cancer. Cancers live in various reservoirs, including the river Ob and her tributaries. In the forest-steppe there is the largest spider of our country - Tarantul. There are 33 species of fish in rivers and lakes. SAMI large fish - Siberian, living in Ob and reaching more than 2 meters long. Amphibians and reptiles in our areas are relatively few. They studied little. The largest amphibian is a lake frog. Most recently (2003) on Salair, the population of the Schitamor Snake was discovered. In the Novosibirsk region, there were 350 species of birds from 764 species living in Russia. This is quite a lot for 1% of the territory of the Russian Federation and is explained by the successful geographical position and a variety of landscapes. Through the lakes of the Barabinsk lowland, there are ways to migrate many fleeting birds, so the lake system of the Chan has international importance As an important habitat of waterfowl. The smallest of birds is a yellow-headed queen, and the biggest - Swan-Shipun. Among 78 species of mammals have a lot of small animals: earthmock, mice, shoulder, hamsters, gophers. There are two types of heroes, mole, slapuccs, 9 species bats. In the forests of the usual protein, the occasion is occasionally occasionally occasionally. On the shores of small forest rivers of the North of the region, the most large rodents Our country is beavers. Most large predator Southern Siberia - Brown Bear, his body length is up to two meters. Within the field of bears are found in the northern forests and forests of the Salair ridge. Elk - the largest animal of our fauna, the length of the body of an adult male reaches three meters, and weight 600 kg. And the most little mammal - Barozubka tiny, whose weight is less than 6 grams. Some mammals are acclimatized.

Environmental situation and nature protection in the Novosibirsk region

The ecological situation in the Novosibirsk region, as well as in most regions of our planet, unfortunately, unfavorable. Diversity natural zones Makes local nature especially vulnerable. Harmful emissions industrial enterprisesMotor transport pollute the atmosphere, soil, water, especially near the cities. It adversely acts on the vegetable and animal world, worsen people's health. In 2-3 decades, several types of animals and plants disappeared in the region. The nature of the region also suffers in the process of mining, from ill-conceived land reclamation activities, due to improper conduct agriculture. Very relevant for extensive territories of our region The problem of water and wind erosion of soil. Over the past 50 years, the area of \u200b\u200bvaluable cedar, firberry, fir forests region decreased almost 2 times; catastrophically dries the largest in Western Siberia Lake Chane; Many problems are associated with an artificial reservoir on Ob. For the efforts of some officials and deputies, forests, dendroparks and parks of Novosibirsk are destroyed. The Siberian region is threatened with absurd national projects on the reversal of Siberian rivers to the south very far from ecology of public figures. For example, Moscow Mayor Yuri Luzhkov is confident that the six-seven percent of the water of the river OB could have been without prejudice to the ecology of the hydraulic waterway to irrigate 1.5 million hectares in Kurgan and Chelyabinsk regions, as well as 2 million hectares of land in Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan, raising the budget revenues of the Russian Federation from the sale of water to 5 billion dollars a year.

Nevertheless, the protection of nature every year is paying more attention. Relevant public services fight poaching pollution ambient, conduct an environmental impact assessment of economic activities. Every year, 3-5 new facilities are recognized in the Novosibirsk region. In 2007, Sukharevsky Rya, Frišushkin Ryam became such such steel (both in the Kargatsky district), the Golden Niva tract, the Pokrovskaya Forest and Mornestalevskoe Zahinetche (all three objects on the territory of the Promotensky district). Total in the Novosibirsk region are 24 state reserve regional significance and about fifty monuments of nature of regional significance. By 2020, according to the scheme approved by the Regional Council in 1995, about a hundred specially protected zones should appear. As a result, the system of territories with little affected lands, plant and animal world, which will reflect and maintain the specifics of the natural appearance of the Novosibirsk region. Over the scientific substantiation of such a set of specially protected natural objects, scientists of the Institute of Systematics of Animal Ecology SB RAS, the Central Siberian Botanical Garden of Siberian RAS, the Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk State University and other organizations were worked.

Literature and sources of information:
1. Balatsky N.N. Taxonomic list of birds of the Novosibirsk region. Rus. Ornithol. journals, express vol. 324. St. Petersburg, 2006.
2. Luzhkov Y. Water and Peace. M., 2008.
3. Department materials natural resources and environmental protection of the Novosibirsk region.
3. Materials "National NSO" department of the Novosibirsk State Local Lore Museum.
4. Mugako A.L. Catalog of vertebrate animals of the Novosibirsk region. Novosibirsk, 2002.
5. Kravtsov V.M., Donukalova R.P. Geography of the Novosibirsk region. Novosibirsk, 1996.
6. Red Book of the Novosibirsk Region (Animals). Novosibirsk, 2000.
7. Red Book of the Novosibirsk Region (Plants). Novosibirsk, 1998.
8. Red Book of the Russian Federation (animals). M., 2001.
9. Chernobay L.P. Directory-guide to Salairsky ridge. Novosibirsk, 2004.

To the question how to record basic information about the surface of your edge? Novosibirsk region .... specified by the author Good neighborhood The best answer is located in the central part of the mainland of Eurasia, in the south-east of the West Siberian Plain. Cares mainly southern part Vasyugan Plain and Barabinsk lowland. In the East - the sangs of the Salair grocery (height is 498 m). In the central and southern parts - grivy relief. The mane is 6-10 m highs stretched from the northeast to the southwest. Good luck, shame!

Answer from Arthur Pomein[newcomer]
I saw the names of the rivers in this text:
? Darkness - river in the Tver region of Russia, the left tributary of the Volga. Length - 142 km, pool area - 1850 km?.
? CHAR? RA (Yakut. Chaaar) - River in Russia, flowing through the territory Transbaikal region, Irkutsk region and Yakutia and is the left influx of Olekma. Length is 851 km, area of \u200b\u200bthe catchment pool - 87.6 thousand km?.
? Medve? Ditz - River in the Saratov and Volgograd regions of Russia, the left don's flow. Length is 745 km, water collection area 34 700 km?.
? Goose - River in the Ryazan and Vladimir regions of Russia, the left influx of the Oka. The length of the river is 146 kilometers.
? Sheptun (Small Sinanagang) - The right influx of the River Big Sinancha.
? Was the river in the south-east of St. Petersburg, the right influx of the Neva, flows into it in the area of \u200b\u200bCHP-5.
? Qi? PA (nor? Long Qi? PA) - River in the north of Buryatia, left influx of Vitima.
? Sister? (Swede Systerback, Fin. Rajajoki, Siestarjoki) - River on the Karelian Carcel, follows from the swamps in the village of Forest, and flows into an artificial reservoir Lake Sestroretsky spill, merging with a black river.
? Voro? On - medium river In the Penza, Tambov and Voronezh regions of Russia, the right influx of the Hopper River (Dona). Length - 454 km, pool area - 13 200 km?.
? Sukhodol (until 1972 Kangauz) - River in the south of the Primorsky Territory of Russia, in Shkotovsky district. The river takes its origin on the southeastern slope of the Mountain Mountain, the Range of a large sparrow located in the southern part mining system Sikhote-Alin.
? Would? Pine country? (Pine) - River in Orlovskaya and Lipetsk regions, right don's influx. Length - 296 km, pool area - 17 400 km?.
? A knight - river in Russia proceeds in the Tver region in the territory of the Konakovsky district. Fits in the Ivankovskoye reservoir on the Volga River 3010 km from her mouth on the right bank. The length of the river is 17 km, the area of \u200b\u200bthe catchment pool is 58.3 km?.
? Burst (hob, portyzh) - river in Russia, proceeds in Penza region, Republic of Mordovia, Nizhny Novgorod region. The mouth of the river is 98 km away on the right bank of the Issa River. The length of the river is 42 km, the area of \u200b\u200bthe catchment pool is 221 km?.
? Cherimuha ( historical title "Cheremch?)" The river in the European part of Russia proceeds through the Yaroslavl region and flows into the Volga in the center of Rybinsk. Cherryumuha flows like the right influx, in the Volga in the historic center of Rybinsk.
? South - River in Vologda and Kirov regions Russia, the right component of the Northern Dvina (left - dry). Length - 574 km, pool area - 35 600 km?.
Peasanthie - River in the Ussuri City District and the Pokrovsky district of Primorsky Krai
? The guy is a river in the north-east of Siberia in Russia. The length of the river is about 310 km. The area of \u200b\u200bits catchment pool is 13200 km?. Proceeds through the territory of the North-Even district of the Magadan region and the Pryzhinsky district of Kamchatka Territory.
? Storo? LCD - river in Russia, the left influx of Moscow; proceeds in the Moscow region on the territory of Odintsovsky municipal Area and the urban district of Zvenigorod. The river gave the name to Savvino-Storozhevsky monastery.
? Lisi? Tsa - River in the Tomsk region of Russia, the right influx of the river Ket (Obi pool). The fox begins in the swamps of the Occo-Yenisei watershed in the North-East of the Tomsk region near the border with the Krasnoyarsk Territory.
? The mouth (Lugovar. Essay) is a river flowing in the Nizhny Novgorod and Kirov regions of Russia. He is the left tributary of the wind. The length of the river is 253 km, and the area of \u200b\u200bthe pool is 6030 km?

Geography

Area (178.2 thousand km?) Located in the southeastern part of the West Siberian Plain, which mainly occupy the passflow of Ob and Irtysh, the southern part of Vasyugan Plain and Barabinsk lowland. In the West, it borders with the Omsk region, in the north - with Tomsk, in the East - with Kemerovo, in the south - with the Altai Territory, in the south-west - with Kazakhstan.

Relief

The surface is mainly flat. Valley r. Ob divides the area into two unequal parts. Large, left-bank, located on the extensive plain of Ob-Irtysh Meternrech (120 m above Ur.m.). The right bank of the region is more sublime, hilly. Here the northernmost, smoothed spong of the Altai Mountains - Salair Kage comes here. The highest point Areas - fir comb (494 m above Ur.m.).

Rivers, lakes

369 rivers proceed along the region, including one of the largest water arteries Russia - Ob. Major tributaries: Inya (663 km) and beard (363 km). In the north-western part of the region, Irtysh: Omics (1091 km), Tara (806 km), and in the south - River Kargat (387 km), Karasuk (521 km) and Chulym (292 km).

In the region more than 6815 lakes. Among them is big Lake Western Siberia - Chane (2600 km?). Others large lakes: Killed (440 km?), Sartlan (238 km?), Uryum (76 kmv), good (40 km?). Up to 28% of the area of \u200b\u200bthe region is occupied by swamps.

Vegetation

In the darkened forests in the north of the region, fir, spruce, cedar (Siberian pine, pine sinth) are dominated, moss, lichens, ferns, a lot of valuable berries - lingers and cranberries, in undergrowth - rowan, honeysuckle, blueberries. According to the valleys of rivers - currants, cherry, Kalina.

Most of the territory of the region is in the forest-steppe and south Taigawhere fir, spruce, pine, cedar (pine cedar) are dominated, there are birch and aspen. In the south-west of the region, the border with Kazakhstan, the Kulundin steppe begins.

Animal world

In the north, in forest areas, a bear inhabit, reindeer, Elk, Lynx, Koslya, Wolverine, Otter, Beaver, Squirrel, Columns, Ermine. In the forest-steppe wolf, Lisens-Corsac, Mornostti, Lask, Tushkanchik, Zayak-Belyak, Holy Rusak. On the shores of the small forest rivers of the North of the region, the largest rodents of the countries - beavers settle. Violek ordinary - the only poisonous snake

Western Siberia. Her bite is very unpleasant, painful, but, as a rule, is not fatal.

About 300 species of birds live in the forests and fields of the Novosibirsk region. Row-pot, tetrayev, deafness. From rare: black stork, neopa, eagle-Belochvost, Osoed, Sapsan, Berkut, Filin, Lun. Sometimes flamingos flew from Kazakhstan. Many birds live in water. There is a drink, gray heron, swans, chernobaya Gagara, pink and curly pelicans, 21 types of predators: falcons, hawks, buzzles, eagles.

Large types of fish: Siberian Ostr, Plis, Pike, Sudak, Nelma. The most common perch, crucian, bream. Most of the reservoirs live crayfish.

Climate

The climate of the region is sharply continental, with a cold long winter and short hot summer. The average temperature of January in Novosibirsk -18.8.8 ° C, July 19 ° C. SAMI low temperature -52 ° C, the highest 35 ° C.