UBSU-NUR is located at an altitude of 753 meters in the place of the geoclimatic border of Central Asia and Siberia. The lake pool is isolated by the mountains of the Western Sayan, Altai and the High Huhhin Nuruu Range. Multiple rivers are poured into UBSU-NUR, the largest of which is Tse-Hem (Tassine Gol). The lake is susceptible to dry. It is known that 10 thousand years ago, UBSU-NUR area exceeded 5 times the current water area of \u200b\u200bthe lake.
The banks of the UBSU-NUR low and wetlands, especially in the mouths of the rivers, where extensive cane thickets are formed. There are also stony and sandy sections of the coast. Water in composition resembles a sea, similar to the water of the Black Sea. Salty varies with removal from the mouth of the flowing rivers. UBSU-NUR depth is minor, does not exceed 20 meters. This allows water in a short summer months to warm up to 25 ° in the upper layers and up to 19 ° at the bottom. The ice station lasts from October to May.
The climatic conditions of the UBSU-Nur district are extremely harsh. Annual temperature fluctuation is more than 100 °. Sultry dry summer replace the strongest frosts of winter. However, in this region more than 173 types of feathered and 41 species of mammals, including such rare animals like Irbis, Argali, Siberian mountain goats
In antiquity of the neighborhood of UBSU-Nur, Khunnu, Mongolian horse breeders and the Yenisei Kyrgyz, from which are preserved for archaeologists and historians of the mounds, deer stones, petroglyphs and runic inscriptions on stones. Currently, the UBSU-NUR coast is almost uninhabited, which allowed the lake ecosystem to live almost untouched. Economic interest has only one kind of fish - Altai Osman.
In the area of \u200b\u200bthe lake since the beginning of the 21st century, the UBSUNARIST International Research Center, which studies the ecosystem of the region. The entire water pool of UBSU-NUR is a security area and consists of the natural attractions of UNESCO World Heritage Site.
In view of the inaccessibility and remoteness from tourist routes, UVS NUR is practically not visited by tourists. The lake and the rivers flowing into it are very rich in fish and waterfowl. In the surrounding forests in the abundance of various animals are found. The lake itself and the areas adjacent to it, they have little studied. On the shore of the lake there is not a single settlement. This is a truly paradise for tourists of fishermen and hunters.
Lake UBSU-NUR (UVC-Nuur) is located in the north-west of Mongolia, in the province of UVS, on the border with Russia. UBSU-NUR is the largest lake in the big lakes and in all Mongolia, its water pool forms a UBSUNRA brand, announced by UNESCO in 2003 by the biosphere reserve. The area of \u200b\u200bthe lake is 3350 square kilometers, length - 84 kilometers, width - 79 kilometers, depth - 15 meters. In the east to the lake, the swords of the rivers are adjacent, the largest of which Delta River Twee-Hem, from the south - the mountain range of Han-Huhine Nuruu. Water in UBSU-Nur bitter and salty and is not suitable for drinking, despite the high saline of water, the surface of the lake is covered with ice from October to May. The landscape of the Uncertainty basins form deserts and semi-deserts, snow-covered mountain peaks, coniferous and deciduous forests, steppes, swamps and wetlands, salt marshes, sand dunes and tundra. The deserts of the UBSUNARCE brand are the northern deserts on the ground, and the mountain tundra are the southernmost. The climate here is sufficiently harsh, in the winter the temperature can be lowered to -58 ° C, in summer the air is heated to +47 ° C. A special, so-called "brand" microclimate was formed in the basin, which makes it possible to exist in a limited space with almost all natural zones of the planet. More than 550 species of higher plants grow here, many of which are endemics of Mongolia and Tuva, 41 species of mammals (snow leopard, Arkhar, Siberian mountain goats, Kabarga, Manul), 245 species of birds (Orlan-Belochvost, Black Zhuravl, Swan Clikun, Altai Ular, Kolpitsa, Big White Heron, Savka, Chernogol Hochotun, Varki, Cablanches, Seagulls) and 29 species of fish. In addition, about 3000 archaeological sites were found in the basin - ancient burials, petroglyphs, deer stones, runic inscriptions who left the ancient nomadic tribes Hunnu, Gunno-Sarmatov, Turks, Yenisei Kyrgyz and Mongols. On the shore of the lake there is not a single settlement, due to the inaccessibility and remoteness from the main tourist routes, Lake UBSU-NUR is practically visited by tourists. To travel to Lake UsSU-NUR, it is best to hire a car with a driver and an experienced guide in one of the travel agencies, you can stay in a small tourist camp located on the southwestern side of the lake.
Mongol-Russian Lake UBSU-NUR is not small in itself. But it is only the rest of the huge ancient salt reservoir, dried and compressed in the conditions of a dry climate of the UBSUNUR brand. The climate is not easy here: in winter it happens under -50 ° C, and in the summer + 40 ° C. It is difficult to go here, and on the shores of the lake there were never large settlements. But thousands and thousands of mounds were preserved, in which the ancient nomadic tribes were buried the dead.
Lake UBSU-NUR is so great that it can be accepted for a large sea bay. Due to the peculiarities of the surrounding relief, it is a trap for air masses, which causes severe excitement over the entire surface of the reservoir.
Dried "Sea" - Lake remained
In ancient times, a large reservoir was really located on the site of the lake. Millennium passed, the sun and evaporation did their job: "Sea" squeezed to the size of the lake.
Lake UBSU-NUR (in Mongolian pronunciation - UVS-Nuur, Tuvinsky - Hol-hol), located in the north-west of Mongolia, on the border with Russia. In the northeast, a completely minor part of the lake (12 km2) enters the Russian republic of Tyva.
Lake UBSU-Nur is the largest of three thousand in Mongolia, as well as in the hollow lakes. This is a tectonic sweep, which in antiquity occupied a reservoir area of \u200b\u200babout 16 thousand km2. The current lake is that it remains as a result of drying down this ancient salt reservoir. Currently, the area of \u200b\u200bthe depressions itself is over 100 thousand km2. It is located between Altai mountains in the west, Mongolian Altai in the south-west and south, Hangori Hangai in the East and Range of the Western Tanna-Ola in the north. In the north of the basins, the Khan-Huhhin-Nouruhu Ridge - a large national park has been created here - the UBSU-NUR is separated from the rest of the territory of the hollow.
All lands surrounding Lake UBSU-NUR have never been worn out of large-scale mineral development, there were no cities here, did not pass trading paths, and therefore the shores were preserved almost in a virgin state. Its water pool forms a UBSUNOCK brand: it is included in the UNESCO World Heritage List, and also declared a biosphere reserve. The Russian part of the basin became the Reserve "UBSUNUR BOUSLIN". The total area of \u200b\u200bthe protected areas in Russia and Mongolia (the Russian part goes far beyond the limits of the hollow and unites several sites along the entire tying) is 8830 km2.
Lake Flashless, and it is located within one of the most northern robust Kotlovin of Central Asia. It feeds on the thawed snow and rainwaters in more than a dozen rivers. Annual river stock in the lake is quite bulky: about 2.4 km3. Rivers flowing into the lake in the East form a wetrated delta. The largest of them is densely overgrown with reed and strongly wetrated delta teshem river (Tassine-goal), the main power river of Lake UBSU-NUR. Leaking predominantly along the northern part of the big lakes, its length is 757 km.
Water in Lake is bitter-salty, with a predominance of chlorides. For drinking it is not suitable.
Despite the high salinity of water, the surface of the lake is covered with ice from October to May. Ice can stay from five to ten months.
The lake itself is petty, the depth does not exceed 20 m. The shores of its low, deserted, mainly sandy, in places wetlands, with plots of salt marsh, sand and cane thickets. On the southeast coast, a coastal shaft was formed by a height of 7-10 m, 200 m wide and 25 km long. The shaft and terraces on other shores are a visual evidence that in deep antiquity the water level was much higher than the current one.
There is a sharp continental climate, the winter is long and extremely harsh: the temperature of the -50 ° C is not at all uncommon, and may fall to -58 ° C. But in the summer it can rise to + 40 ° C, and up to + 47 ° C. Explanation is extremely simple. The mountains surrounding the wind impede the wind penetration, which is why the air in the UBSUNOCK brand is stirred. In such conditions, it is frozen in winter, and in the summer it is rare. A microclimate formed, close to the deserted: he created the conditions for simultaneous existence in a limited territory of several natural zones at once.
The border state of Lake UBSU-Nur contributes to its study by scientific expeditions of both countries.
Coast of thousands of Kurgan
Kurgans left by nomads, here really a truly quantity. Could have been in ancient times of these currently unwriting shores in the older times!
The relatively compact combination of the main types of Central Asian landscapes turns the place where the lake is located in the unique edge. The landscapes of the UBSUNRA brand form the sandy and clay deserts and semi-deserts at its bottom, and on the subgroupe plains - dry steppes, swamps, salt marshes and sand dunes. Above the slopes of the mountains are highly harvested steppes, passing into the forest-steppe. On the vertices there are tundra and goltsy, and above - snow. External mountains of the mountains are covered with mixed deciduous and cedar forests, it is here - in the Tuvinian Taiga - in different ends of the republic, the main territorial sites of the Reserve Reserve of the UBSUNRUCK Basin are.
The deserts of the UBSUNOCK brand are among the northernmost on Earth, and the mountain tundras are the southernmost. Another record is: there is the most southernmost area of \u200b\u200bdistribution of many years of permanent in the conditions of flat relief.
In such conditions, more than 550 species of plants grow in the mountains of large lakes and the mountains around the mountains and the taiga, many of them endemics Mongolia and Tyva. More than 40 kinds of mammals live here, including rare and disappearing: Snow Bars, Arkhar, Siberian Mountain Goat, Kabarga, Manul, from 245 species of birds, nesting on the UBSU-Nura, the most characteristic - Orlan-Belochvost, Black Crane, Swan Clikun, Altai Ular, Big White Heron, Chernogol Khokhotun. Through the territory of the basin, the Central Asian Way of Migration of Waterfowl Birds of Western and Central Siberia: From here they go to the coast of the Yellow Sea and further to the places of wintering in Southeast Asia. Thanks to the steppe ecosystem, a rich variety of birds is maintained, and the sandy area is home for a number of rare sandstones, tushkars and marble ferrets. And in the waters of the lake there are about 30 species of fish.
27 km south-west of the lake stands the city of Ulaangom - the administrative center of Aimaka Uwe. From the border with Russia, it is separated by 120 km, which is not far from steppe concepts. Russia supplies the city with electricity. Live in aimaka mostly Oirat's peoples: Bayati - they are a majority, derbets, hotons, Halha-Mongols, Tuvints and Kazakhs.
But the terrain directly around the lake is deserted, there is not a single settlement on the shore. Those who sometimes put yurts here are engaged in grazing cattle and in a very limited scale irrigated agriculture.
Such a deserted was not always at the UBSU. In the surrounding area, about three thousand archaeological sites were found, including ancient burials, petroglyphs, deer stones (inscriptions plates) left by nomadic tribes of Huns, Sarmatov, Turks, Yenisei Kyrgyz and Mongols. There are also the remains of medieval dwelling and Buddhist chapels, and in the valleys of rivers, old aryks are preserved - traces of settlements of disappeared agricultural crops.
The first was the general description of Lake UBSU-NUR Cossack Ataman Vasily Tyumen, sent in 1615 from Tomsk through Mongolia with the Embassy Mission to China. The goal of the Russian embassy was to establish friendly relations with the state of the Mongolian rulers of Altan-Khanov, as well as intelligence trading routes through the Siberian lands in the subwayless empire. According to the results of the trip, the first description of North-West Mongolia was drawn up.
Detailed lake Russian geographer and ethnographer Grigory Potanin (1835-1920), who led expeditions in 1863-1899. The carefully made map of the lake and the surrounding area was applied to his work "Essays of North-West Mongolia", published in 1881
Curious facts
■ In the UBSUNOCK brand, and including in the territory of the Russian Reserve of the same name, several thousand have been preserved for not yet unfocused kursany and parking of nomadic tribes - Scythians and Hunn. There are also the northern semi-deserts of Eurasia, rising to 50 ° C. sh.
■ The salinity of water in the lake is different depending on the removal from the mouth of the flowing rivers, it is about twice as smaller than in the ocean.
■ Next to the lake, in a basin, which is a unique natural laboratory, a UBSUNARY International Center for Biosphere Research.
■ Of the several dozen species of fish living in the lake, only Altai Osman Potanina is used in food.
■ It is not yet accurately established, what's the point of investing the ancient Mongols into the name UBSU-NUR. Presumably, it can mean "lake absorbing (collecting) rivers." Such an option is admissible, given the number of rivers flowing into the lake.
■ In the next to Lake, the city of Ulaang is the representation of the Russian republic of Tyva. And in her capital Kyzyl, the representative office of Mongolian aimak uve was opened.
■ Until 1932, the Ubuzunur Basil was entirely as part of Mongolia. According to the Treaty between Mongolia and the Tuvinian People's Republic (existing in 1921-1944), the northern part of the UBSUNRA brand was transmitted to Tuva. In 1944, Tuva became part of the USSR as the Tuvin Autonomous Region, the Republic of Tyva of the Russian Federation.
■ The name of the lake occurs from two Mongol words: "Us" - River and Nuur - Lake. According to the rules of the Mongolian language, geographic objects are pronounced with a clarifying word. Therefore, the name of the lake always sounds like UVS-NUUR, and the Russian pronunciation of UBSU-NUR has come from him. Another version involves the origin of the word "uve" from the "subsens" - the Mongolian concept of a bitter precipitate in Kumyas, unsuitable for drinking, which is associated with the bitter-salted water of the lake.
ATTRACTIONS
■ Natural: Natural Biosphere Reserve "UBSUNUR COLLOW", Plots "UBSU-NUR" (44.9 km2) and "Abero-Shina" (287.5 km2) (Russia, Tyva, 1993), Han-Huhukhi National Park -Hyarkas-Nuur (2000), Customer Twee-Hem, Burstyn-PTDG (Delta River Twee-Hem).
Numbers
Mirror area: 3350 km2.
Maximum length: 84 km.
Maximum width: 79 km.
Coastline length: 425 km (Russian - 10 km).
Volume: 35.7 km3.
Medium depth: 6 m.
Maximum depth: 20 m.
Saltness: 18.5-19.7% about.
Height above sea level: 759 m.
Remoteness: 1025 km north-west of Ulan Bator, 155 km south-west of Kyzyl and 805 km south-east of Novosibirsk.
GENERAL INFORMATION
Location: in Asia.
Administrative belonging: Aimak Uwe, Mongolia (99.7%), and the Republic of Tyva, Russia (0.3%).
Nearest city: Ulaang - 25,098 people. (2012)
Origin: Natural, Tectonic.
Type of water balance: Soft.
Plugging rivers: Twee-Hem, Narin-Goal, Hurmasyn-goal, Harhira-goal, Borsho-goal, Targalyg.
Mineralization type: Salt.
Languages: Mongolian, Tuvinsky.
Ethnic composition: Mongols, Tuvintsy.
Religions: Buddhism, Shamanism.
Cash units: Mongolian Tugrik, Russian ruble.
Atlas. Whole world in your hands №374
The greatest number of lakes in Mongolia - in the basin of large lakes. It is an extensive tectonic set (about 100,000 square meters) in the West is limited to the Mongolian Altai, in the south of Gobish Altai, in the east of the Hangai mountains, in the north of Tanna-Ula mountains. The basin stretches about 600 from the north to south and about 160 km from the east to the west. The prevailing types of relief in the garbage of large lakes is rocky mountains, inclined plains, lake plains, also clusters of sand of different types. The uniqueness of the hollow is a variety of natural zones in a conditional small area.; At the bottom of the basin - sandy and clay deserts; on foothill plains - dry steppes; above, on the slopes of the mountains - high-profile steppes passing into the forest-steppe; Even above, cedar - deciduous forests; The peaks are mountain tundra. The whole northern desert in the world and the most southern mountain tundra are located in the basin. Through the brand, the path of bird migrations from Western and Central Siberia is going. Lakes in the salty, bitter and salty and fresh; From the largest lake in Mongolia UVS-NUUR to small mountain lakes. Lakes feed rivers flowing from the mountains. Most of the larger lakes are not waste (that is, they do not have flowing rivers). Lakes, but there are no such biggers in Western Mongolia, in the mountains of Altai. Most of them are fresh.
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UVS-NUUR. The largest lake in Mongolia and the most famous of the lakes of the big lakes. The lake is not a sorting, located at an altitude of 743 m above sea level, very saline (salt concentration in water 18.9 gr / l - 5 times more than in the ocean). Lake area 3350 square meters. km, length is 84 km, the average width is 48 km (maximum - 79 km), the average water temperature is 13 degrees. In the vicinity of the lake a special microclimate, which allows to exist different natural zones. In the lake there are many types of birds. The shores of the lake inhabitants are not less than 2000 years old - a lot of Kurgans, "deer" stones, petroglyphs and runes left nomadic tribes here - Huna, Turks, Kigzyzi.
Har-Us Nuur. (Lake of black water). The second largest lake of Mongolia. Area of \u200b\u200b1852 square meters. km, length 72.2 km, the average width is 26 km, the maximum width is 27 km, the middle depth is 2 m, the maximum depth is 4.5 m, the water volume is 3.43 cubic meters. km, pool area 70,450 square meters. km, the amount of salt is 0.34 gr / l, the temperature of the water is 19.1 degrees, the height above sea level - 1157 m. The largest river Mongolian Altai will fall into the lake - Cobdo-goal and several rivers. Flowing in Lake Dalai Nuur. On the lake, many wild birds; Fish - Mongolian Harius and Osman. On the Avgash Peninsula, Petroglyphs remained from the time of Paleolithic - on the rock Tsakhuur depicted deer, mountain goats, rams and people shooting from onion. Not far from the lake - an ancient irrigation canal built 1400 years ago during the Türk Kaganata.
Jargas Nuur. The area of \u200b\u200b1360 sq. Cm, length is 80 km, the average width is 20 km, the maximum width is 31 km, the average depth is 47 m, the maximum depth is 80 m, the volume of water is 56 cu. km, pool area 115 500 square meters. km, the amount of salt is 7.23 gr / l, the water temperature is 12.4 degrees, the height above sea level is 1029 m. The lake is salty, not a sideline, in the lake flows from Lake Ayrag Nuur. According to Mongolian legends, during wandering from the Minusinsk Valley in Khakassia B Tian-Shan Mountains, the Kyrgyz tribes stood in the Lake Valley. In the vicinity of the lake a lot of keigiz "deer" stones. Lake Jargas-Nuur actively "cares." Tectonic shifts, for an incomitual decade, lakes shifted 20 km to the west.
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Har-Nuur. (Black lake). The area is 575 sq. Km, the length is 37 km, the average width is 16 km, the maximum width is 24 km, the average depth is 4.6 m, the maximum depth is 7 m, the volume of water is 1.42 cu. km, pool area - 72,000 square meters. km, the amount of salt is 0.39 gr / l, the temperature of the water is 22.5 degrees, the height above sea level - 1132 m. From the Lake Dalai-Nuur, the Chono-Haraiken-goal river (the river of the wolves), lake, is connected to the lake Lake Digor Nuur. From the lake flows in flow in the Dzabach-goal. At the left bank of the lake large sands Gobi Altai.
Dorgon Nuur. The area is 305 sq. Cm, the length is 24 km, the average width is 13 km, the maximum width is 17 km, the average depth is 14 m, the maximum depth is 27 m, the volume of water is 4.37 cubes. km, the amount of salt is 4.00 gr / l, the water temperature is 15.7 degrees, height above sea level - 1132 m. Salted lake. With a second-hand connected with the Har-Nuur lake.
Achit Nuur. Lake not far from the Russian border. The area is 290 sq. Cm, length - 24 km, the average width is 12 km, the maximum width is 18 km, the average depth is 2 m, the maximum depth is 5 m, the water volume is 0.67 cubic meters. km, pool area - 10,500 square meters. km, the amount of salt is 0.18 gr / l, the temperature of the water is 18.4 degrees, the height above sea level - 1435 m. The Lake flows the Dzakhyn-Us Gol river, Baga-Hatugin-goal, Buch-Muren-GOL, Altan Gadasnyhe Hav; Flows in the river Cobdo-goal.
Uureg Nuur. Salty high-mountain lake with very transparent water, at the Russian border itself. The area is 238 sq. Cm, the length is 20 km, the average width is 12 km, the maximum width is 18 km, the average depth is 15 m, the maximum depth is 42 m, the volume of water is 6.42 cubic meters. km, pool area - 3360 sq. M. km, the amount of salt is 3.96 gr / l, the water temperature is 13.3 degrees, height above sea level - 1425 m. The lake is not a sorter. The river from the Tuvinian Mountains of Karg (Haragin-Gol) and several small rivers fall into the lake. In the Lake Valley, there are many Turkic stone statues, mounds, rock paintings.
Ayrag-Nuhur. The area is 143 sq. Km, the length is 16 km, the average width is 9 km, the maximum width is 13 km, the average depth is 6 m, the maximum depth is 10 m, the volume of water is 0.82 cu. km, pool area - 115,500 square meters. km, the amount of salt is 1.24 gr / l, the temperature of the water is 20.8 degrees, the height above sea level - 1030 m. The Lake flows the Dzabkhan-Goal river and Tsagan-Ergin-goal; From the lake flows in Lake Jargas Nuur.
Tolbo-Nuhur. Lake by the road Algiy - Hovd. The area is 84 sq. Km, length is 21 km, the average width is 4 km, the maximum width is 7 km, the average depth is 7 m, the maximum depth is 12.7 m, the volume of water is 0.57 cu. km, pool area - 1980 sq. M. km, the amount of salt is 0.66 gr / l, the water temperature is 18 degrees, the height above sea level - 2080 m. The Tolbo-goal river and several small tributaries flow into the lake; From the lake, the river flows into the river Mandakh-goals. Once the Kazakhs considered the saint lake.
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Khorgon-Nuhur. The area is 71.1 sq. Km, the length is 22 km, the average width is 3 km, the maximum width is 6 km, the average depth is 8 m, the maximum depth is 28 m, the volume of water is 0.54 cu. km, pool area - 3780 sq. M. km, quantity of salt - 0.08 gr / l, water temperature - 9 degrees, height above sea level - 2072 m. The lake flows from Lake Hoton Nuur, the rivers of their Turkings-Nuur, Svdairagin-goal, the low And several small rivers, the cobdo-goal river follows. Lake is rich in Harius and Osman.
Dany Nuur.. The area is 67.2 sq. Cm, the length is 18 km, the average width is 4 km, the maximum width is 9 km, the average depth is 2.5 m, the maximum depth is 4.5 m, the volume of water is 1.57 cu. km, pool area - 870 square meters. km, the amount of salt is 0.29 gr / l, the temperature of the water is 9.5 degrees, the height above sea level - 2232 m. In the lake there are several small rivers, the river is flowing to the Holiday-goal - the influx of the Cobdo-goal river. Lake is rich in Harius and Osman.
Hoton Nuur. The area is 50.1 sq. Cm, the length is 21.5 km, the average width is 2.3 km, the maximum width is 4 km, the average depth is 26 m, the maximum depth is 58 m, the water volume is 1.34 cubic meters. km, pool area - 3450 sq. M. km, the amount of salt is 0.09 gr / l, the water temperature is 8.5 degrees, the height above sea level - 2083 m. The Lake flows the river Dzagast-Goal, Hara-Salagin-Goal, Tsagan-Us, Ut-Heitun Goal and several small rivers, flows into the lake of Hurgan Nuur. Lake is rich in Harius and Osman.
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UBSU-NUR (Mong. UVS NUUR, Tuv. Hservo-hol, earlier Ubsa, on modern Russian maps after 1989, also gives an option to the name of UVS-Nuur - Lake in Mongolia and Russia (Republic of Tuva, in which there is a small northern coast fragment And the lake water area), the largest area on the territory of Mongolia and the most famous of the big lakes. Since 2003, it is an integral part of the UNESCO Basin World Heritage Site.
In Mongolian, the Lake is called UVS, but in Mongolian, geographical objects are pronounced only with a clarifying word (in this case, this is "Nuur" - the lake), and therefore the name of the lake always sounds "UVS NUUR", from which the Russian name "UBSU-NUR" came from Thus, the expression "Lake UBSU-NUR" is strictly speaking with pleonism.
The region of the lake was settled several thousand years ago. Many mounds, deer stones, petroglyphs and runic inscriptions left behind the tribes of nomads - Hunn, Mongols and the Yenisei Kyrgyz.
There are no significant settlements on the shore of the lake, the largest settlement in the vicinity of Lake Administrative Center Usunur Aimak - Ulang (27 km on the south-west from the shore of the lake).
Geography
This is a closed-colored reservoir area of \u200b\u200bmore than 3,350 km² at an altitude of 753 m, the water is bitter and salty, resembling seaside water (the saltness of the water varies depending on the removal from the rivers flowing into the lake, is on average about 18.5 - 19.7 R / l, which roughly corresponds to the middle salty of the Black Sea and is about 2 times less than in the ocean. The ionic composition of the salt is mainly represented by sulfates and sodium. The lake is the result of the drying of the inner reservoir, whose area in the Ice Age reached 16 thousand km² . Interesting Lake Lake: From two sides to the lake, a strong branched wetland rivers, descending from the mountains, from others - the foot of the ridges and sandy arrays. From the south of UBSU-Nur is separated from the rest of the lakes of the face with a small ridge of Khan-Huhin-Nouru. In the East The extensive cane-covered wetland delta is the main supply river Twee-Hem, collecting water from the overwhelming part of the UBSU-Nursky Basin - the northern part of the big lakes From October to May, the lake is covered with ice. Summer grades "" T temperature ranges from 25 ° C on the surface to 19 ° C at the bottom.
Climate, Flora and Fauna
The lake is located on the geoclimatic boundary between Siberia and Central Asia. Annual air temperature fluctuation can be from -58 ° C in winter to 47 ° C in summer. In the Lake Web, there is a special brand type of climate, characterized by an increase in climate aridity from the periphery to the core of the bottom, which allows various natural zones to exist in a limited space. In a basin, which is a kind of unique natural laboratory, an UBSUNARY International Center for Biospheric Research has been working for about a decade.
The animal world of the lake basin is very rich - there are 173 species of feathered and 41 species of mammals, including such rare animals as Irbis, Argali, Siberian mountain goats. 29 different types of fish dwells in Lake UBSU-Nur, and one of them, Altai Osman (Oreoleuciscus Potanini), is used in food.
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