Animal world Chuvashia presentation. Animal world. OPT and the problems of nature conservation. Before the beginning of the settlement, the territory of Chuvashia was covered with forests of fir taiga, pine bors, multi-tiered oaks, floodplain meadows. Only in the southeastern part and in the brown found

The position of the republic at the junction of different vegetable zones, the inhomogeneity of the relief determine the variety of animals. Over 60 types of mammals, 44 species of fish, 16 species of amphibious and reptiles dwell on its territory. Here you can meet more than 260 species of birds, diverse invertebrates.

In general, the republic is characterized by mixing animals of southern taiga and typical steppe forms. Significant influence on the fauna was human activity. Separate animals spread to the republic as a result of artificial settlement. At the same time, some types of fauna are destroyed by a person. For example, in the cultural layer of the X-XIV centuries. Detected bones of reindeer. Back in 1917, they had in the neighboring Nizhny Novgorod region.

Fig.

Most of the representatives of the animal world of Chuvashia live in deciduous forests. There they find reliable shelters and are provided with a stable feed. The largest hoofed animals of deciduous forests is elk, whose weight reaches 400 kg. In recent years, due to the ban on shooting, the moose population has increased significantly. Their number exceeds 1000 heads. In the republic, they dwell, mainly in the waters. There is also a noticeable increase in the livestock of boars. Mole, hedgehog, fox, earthying, bat, badge, raccoon dog, trot, cunning, ermine, caress, protein, hare-white, mouse, bug, brunt, ermine-shaped dog, branches, ermine-shaped dog, lesser, branches, ermine-shaped dog, Laschi, Square. Especially rich in deciduous forests by birds. They are in them aunt, Ryabchik, Core, Waldshnep, Coyk, Forty, Cuckoo, Streach, Woodpecker, Foam, Kamyshivka, Drozdovka, Owl, Hawk-revennator.

In coniferous forests, the animal world is poorer. Squirrel, bog, bug, mink, otter, are inhabited in them. Birds in coniferous forests a little. Most often there are bullfinch, woodpecker, junction, championships, crested, owl, Filin, Owl, Tetraev, Ceremonic, black stork, which is included in the Red Book. In clear sunny days on the trunks of fallen trees, you can find lizards and snakes on the stump. Medelyanka is mainly found. The only poisonous snake is viper.

In the cooled sections, the animal world is noticeably poorer. There are fox, hare-rusak, light chore, hamster. In the southern regions of the republic, cracked gopher, a tushkanchik, a brown baybak, from birds - Lark, quail, gray partridge, Chibis, Korshun, are less common eagles and falcons.

Near animal reservoirs is noticeably more. In the reservoirs themselves, a variety of fish is found - pike, perch, bream, crucian, lin, guster, sazan, is, roach, crucian, ersh, sand. The stocks of the most valuable fish are sterling, bream, pike perch, unfortunately began to decrease.

Along the minor rivers and the bounted battlefields of the Volga and Sura are found, mink, acclimatized by our North American muscus rat - ondatra. In the floodplain surya, the most ancient mammal inhabitants, which occurred in the territory of Chuvashia is a Russian exhaust, which is listed in the Red Book.

As commercial animals in Chuvashia, moose, boar, beobra, fox, hare and protein can be called. Hunt and birds.

In the process of economic activity, a person changes the natural vegetation and animal world. The expansion of the area of \u200b\u200barable land leads to the replacement of natural vegetation by agricultural crops. Simultaneously with vegetation, the animal world changes: the species composition and number of animals. Solid cutting down of forests, meadows, and land reclamation, road construction and industrial facilities changed the ecological situation in Chuvashia. Separate types of animals and plants are under threat of complete disappearance. All this makes take measures to preserve and restore the resources of the organic world. In special attention and security, types of plants and animals listed in the Red Book are needed. Not only separate species, but also whole communities of plants and animals are protected in special places. In the republic there are a National Reserve "National Park", Natural Park "Zavolzhie", 6 state natural reserves, 7 state hunting reserves, there are more than 100 monuments of nature. A very strong impact of a person on natural complexes demanded the organization of specially protected areas. Currently, 91 are created on the territory of Chuvashia

Conclusion by I Chapter

Having considered the first chapter of this work, the following conclusion can be drawn.

Chuvash Republic Located in the east of the East European Plain, mainly on the Right Bank of the Volga, between her sink and Suru's tributaries. By geographical location, the area is between 54 ° 38 "and 56 ° 20" northern latitude and 46 ° and 48 ° 27 "Eastern longitude.

Square of the Republic is small-18.3 thousand square meters. The form of the republic is an oak leaf or guitar, since in the middle part there is the narrowest site. There are practically no vividly pronounced natural frontiers, only in the West of the Republic, the border with the Nizhny Novgorod region passes along the Sura River.

The capital of Chuvashia-g. Cheboksary is about the same latitude (56 ° 088? P. Sh.), Which is Vladimir, Moscow, Nizhny Novgorod, Kazan, Yoshkar-Ola. At its meridian (47 ° 15?) B. D. Located

The republic is located in the zone of moderately continental climate, characterized by large fluctuations in temperatures between the cold and warm months. But, despite this, climatic conditions allow us to cultivate and obtain high crops of most of the cultures of a moderate belt.

There are no major mineral deposits on the territory of the republic. However, the depths of Chuvashia are rich in raw materials for the production of building materials. The reserves of sedimentary sediments are of the greatest value for the republic's economic complex.

Profitable economy - geographical location provides the republic reliable development of close relations with the economic and cultural centers of Russia - Moscow, Nizhny Novgorod, Ulyanovsky, Kazan, remote no more than 700 km.

, Sura, Civil, Ponds and Lakes and other reservoirs, noted 53 species of fish, are included in the Red Book of the Chuvash Republic such as Kumeza (trout stream, apparently disappeared), Belorybitsa, Beluga, Escape Russian, Herring, Obel ordinary, spike, fast russian, podcatellor ordinary, sterling, chub, Golly ordinary, Gorchak ordinary, ordinary will, Golly lazy. Among the usual bream, pike, crucian, lin, river perch, ordinary pike perch, Krasnoproka, Sazan, bleak, Czech, Nalim, Nome and others. Among the swarms of Rotan, Tulka, White Amur and Tolstolobik.

Amphibious

Presbysey

Birds

275 species of birds were registered, of which 74 species are included in the Red Book of the Chuvash Republic. Among the birds: Owl, Gray Heron, Hawk, Cool, Bullfigan, Swallow, Sparrow, Lark, Strizh, Zhelek, Cuckoo, Tetrayev, Rybolchik, Ceremonary, Drozda, Sink, Tits, Gorikhvostka, Ryabik, Partridge, Coruser, Falcon, White Stork other.

Mammals

Insects

In the territory of Chuvashia, more than 4,000 types of insects from 28 detachments are noted: 2500 species of beetles (109 families, including the largest - bugs, floats, staphylinides, plastics, leafles, Usachi, elephants; in the Red Book of Chuvashia, it is recommended to include Types , Bronzeca Green, ordinary hermit, etc.) and more than 1600 species of butterflies ,.

• Tough (Nărăse, Coleoptera) - more than 2500 species
• Refluenced (peelers, rubbish, riders, bees, wasps, ants, heteroptera). 20 species are included in the Red Book of Chuvashia.
• Semi-rigid (bugs, hănkălase, heteroptera) - about 300 species. Water paller ( Ranatra Linearis.) Included in the local Red Book in the quality of the rare species
• Straight bumps (Orthoptera) - 45 species (locust - 25, tetrigids - 3, grasshoppers - 13, crickets - 4)
• Males (Homoptera) - more than 300 species (whiteflies, leafoblishes, tli, cicades, worms, shields)
• Scratched (LĕPĕSEM, Lepidoptera) - more than 1600 species

Spider-shaped

Views included in the Red Book of the Russian Federation

Mammals

• Russian dies ( Desmana Moschata.)

Birds

• Berkut ( Aquila chrysaetos.)
• Big Kronep ( Numenius arquata.)
• Large subsistence ( Aquila Clanga.)
• Smereyad ( Circaetus Gallicus.)
• Kulik-forty ( Haematopus Ostralegus.)
• Gray Sorokoput ( Lanius Excubitor Excubitor )
• Mochier ( Aquila Heliaca.)
• Steppe Lun ( Circus Macrouurus.)
• Orlan-Belochvost ( Haliaeetus albicilla.)
• Filin ( Bubo Bubo.)
• Black stork ( Ciconia Nigra.)

Insects

• Ordinary hermit ( Osmoderma eremita.)
• Ordinary Apollo ( Parnassius Apollo.)
• Steppe bumblebee ( Bombus Fragrans.)

see also

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Notes

1. Animals Chuvashia. / Oliher I. M., Oliege A. I., Sysoletina L. G., Khmelkov N. T., Shabalkin V. M., Egorov L. V., Kirillova V. I. - Cheboksary: \u200b\u200bed. "RUSSIAN", 2008. - 316 p. Circulation: 5000 copies.
2. / Oliher I. M., Oliege A. I., Sysoletina L. G., Khmelkov N. T., Shabalkin V. M., Egorov L. V., Kirillova V. I. - Cheboksary: \u200b\u200bChuvash Book Publishing House, 2011 . - 431 p. Circulation: 2000 copies.
3. Enc.cap.ru.
4. Voronov L. N. enc.cap.ru (rus.) (Checked August 5, 2014)
5. Voronov L. N. enc.cap.ru (rus.) (Checked August 5, 2014)
6. Voronov L. N. enc.cap.ru (rus.) (Checked August 5, 2014)
7. Voronov L. N. enc.cap.ru (rus.) (Checked August 5, 2014)
8. Voronov L. N. enc.cap.ru (rus.) (Checked August 5, 2014)
9. Egorov L. V. Enc.cap.ru (Rus.) (Checked August 5, 2014)
10. (rus.) (Checked January 13, 2011)
11. Lastukhin A. A. 2001. The results of the study of the fauna of butterflies of the Chuvash Republic at the turn of the century. - Bulletin of ChGPU. Cheboksary. 2001. No. 1 (20). - P.83-91.
12. Lastukhin A. A. Enc.cap.ru (Rus.) (Checked August 5, 2014)
13. Egorov L. V. Enc.cap.ru (Rus.) (Checked August 5, 2014)
14. Egorov L. V. Enc.cap.ru (Rus.) (Checked August 5, 2014)
15. Egorov L. V. Enc.cap.ru (Rus.) (Checked August 5, 2014)
16. Egorov L. V. Enc.cap.ru (Rus.) (Checked August 5, 2014)
17. Semenov V.B., L.V. Egorov, E.Yu. Vinogradova Annotated List of Staphylinide (Insecta, Coleoptera, Staphylinidae) Chuvash Republic. - Cheboksary: \u200b\u200bNew Time, 2015. 146 p.; ill. ISBN 978-5-4246-0421-8
18. Egorov L. V. Enc.cap.ru (Rus.) (Checked August 5, 2014)
19. Krasilnikov V. A. 1987. - "Ants and Protection of Forest" / Theses of the reports of the 8th All-Union Symposium /. Novosibirsk, 1987. - s. 83-86. (rus.) (Checked January 13, 2011)
20. Mokrousov M. V. 2010. Materials for the fauna of the OS (SPHECIDAE) of the PAs of the Chuvash Republic. - Scientific works of GPZ "Zadazhsky". Cheboksary-Atrat: Klio, 2010. - Tom. 24. - C.107-108.
21. Mokrusov M. V., A. Yu. Berezin, L. V. Egorov. 2011. Roing wasps (Hymenoptera: Ampulicidae, Sphecidae, Crabronidae) Chuvashia. - Eversmannia. Issue 27-28 (2011): 62-86. (rus.) (Verified June 22, 2012)
22. Egorov L. V. Enc.cap.ru (Rus.) (Checked August 5, 2014)
23. Kirillova V. I. Enc.cap.ru (Rus.) (Checked August 5, 2014)
24. Egorov L. V. Enc.cap.ru (Rus.) (Checked August 5, 2014)
25. Kirillova V. I. Enc.cap.ru (Rus.) (Checked August 5, 2014)
26. Egorov L. V. Enc.cap.ru (Rus.) (Checked August 5, 2014)

Literature

• Animal world of Chuvashia. / Oliell I. M., Sysoletina L. G., Voronov N. P. - Cheboksary: \u200b\u200bChuvashgosisdat, 1966. - 176 p.
• Animals Chuvashia. / Oliher I. M., Oliege A. I., Sysoletina L. G., Khmelkov N. T., Shabalkin V. M., Egorov L. V., Kirillova V. I. - Cheboksary: \u200b\u200bed. "RUSSIAN", 2008. - 316 p. Circulation: 5000 copies.
• Animals Chuvashia. Illustrated directory. / Oliher I. M., Oliege A. I., Sysoletina L. G., Khmelkov N. T., Shabalkin V. M., Egorov L. V., Kirillova V. I. - Cheboksary: \u200b\u200bChuvash Book Publishing House, 2011 . - 431 p. Circulation: 2000 copies.
• Afanasyev Yu. I., Khmelkov N. T. Fauna of vertebrate animals National Park "Chavash Worma" // Fauna and ecology of animals National Park "Chavash Worma". M..1. - Cheboksary, 1997. - P. 71-73.
• Gafurova M. M., Teplova L. P. Characteristics of vegetation and flora of some sections of the National Park "Chavash Worma" // Scientific Proceedings of the National Park "Chavash Worma". T.1. - Cheboksary Shemursha, 2002. - P. 48-71.
• Krasilnikov V. A. To the fauna of ants (Insecta, Hymenoptera, Formicidae) National Park "Chavash Warman" and adjacent territories // Fauna and ecology of animals National Park "Chavash Worma". M..1. - Cheboksary, 1997. - P. 68-70.
• Lautukhin A. A. To the knowledge of the Fauna of the Czech (Insecta, Lepidoptera) National Park "Chavash Worma" // Fauna and ecology of animals National Park "Chavash Worma". M..1. - Cheboksary, 1997. - P. 63-67.
• Tikhonov P. T., Tikhonov V. P. National Park "Chavash Warman". Chuvash Republic. - Cheboksary.: "New Time", 2006 - 104 p.

Links

Fauna Chuvashia (((list)))

Fauna Chuvashia (((list)))

An excerpt characterizing the fauna Chuvashia "Oh Lord, the people are what the beast, where to be alive!" - I was heard in the crowd. - And the little one is young ... must, from the merchants, then the people! .. They say, not that ... as not that ... oh my God ... the other beat, they say, alive ... Eh, people ... who is not afraid of sin ... - said now The same people, with a painfully pitiful expression, looking at the dead body with mischievous, smeared with blood and dust and with a blurred long thin neck. A police officer who finds the presence of a corpse in the courtyard of his crown in an indecent, ordered the dragoons to pull the body into the street. Two Draguns took up past legs and walked the body. The bloody, smeared in dust, a dead shaved head on a long neck, converting, dragging along the ground. The people sung away from the corpse. While Vereshchagin fell and the crowd with a wild roar shy and snapped over him, the crusher suddenly turned pale, and instead of going to the rear porch, who was waiting for his horses, he himself not knowing where and why, lowering his head, rapid steps He went on the corridor leading to the lower floor room. The face of the count was pale, and he could not stop shaking, as in fever, the lower jaw. "Your shyness, here ... Where do you please? .. Sick here," said his trembling, frightened voice from behind. The Count of Massatchin could not answer anything and, obediently turning, went there, where he pointed out. The rear porch had a stroller. The far hum of the roaring crowd was heard here. Count Meschatchin hurriedly sat down in a carriage and ordered to go to his country house in Sokolniki. Leaving the meat and not hearing more cries of the crowd, the count began to repent. He with displeasure remembered now the excitement and fright, which he showed before his subordinates. "La Populace Est Terrible, Elle Est Hideuse," he thought in French. - ILS SONT SHASHME LES LOUPS QU "ON NE PEUT APAISER QU" AVEC De La Chair. [People's crowd is terrible, she is disgusting. They are like wolves: they will not satisfy them, except for meat.] "Graph! One God over us! "Suddenly he remembered the words of Vereshchagin, and the unpleasant feeling of the cold ran on the back of the crust of the crust. But this feeling was instantaneously, and the count of mushrooms contemptuously smiled at himself. "J" Avais D "Autres Devoirs," he thought. - Il Fallait Apaiser Le Peuple. Bien D "Autres Victimes Ont Puri Et Perissent Pour Le Bien Publique", [I had other duties. It should be satisfied with the people. Many other victims died and dying for public goods.] - And he began to think about those common responsibilities he had In relation to his family, his (entrusted to him) the capital and about himself, - not as about Fedor Vasilyevich, Mensilechina (he believed that Fyodor Vasilyevich Merblichin sacrifices for Bien Publique [public good]), but about himself as commander-in-chief The representative of the authorities and the authorized king. "If I were only Fedor Vasilyevich, Ma Ligne de Conduite Aurait ETE TUT Autrement Tracee, [my way would be quite differently noticed,] but I had to save and the life and dignity of the commander-in-chief." Slightly swaying on the soft springs of the crew and do not hear the more terrible sounds of the crowd, the crusher was physically calmed down, and, as it always happens, at the same time, the mind has faked for him and the cause of moral soothing. The thought that calmed the damnation was not new. Since there is a world and people kill each other, never one person has committed a crime over themselves, without calming themselves to this very thought. This thought is Le Bien Publique [Public Flare], the estimated benefit of other people. For a person, not obsessed with passion, the benefit is never known; But a person committing a crime always always knows what it consists of. And Mensor now knew it. He not only in his arguments did not reproach himself in the act made by him, but found the reasons for complacency in that he so successfully could use this A Propos [convenient occasion] - to punish the criminal and at the same time reassured the crowd. "Vereshchagin was convicted and sentenced to the death penalty," Mozpotchin thought (although Vereshchagin Senate was only sentenced to cowor work). - He was a traitor and a traitor; I could not leave him unpunished, and then Je Faisais D "Une Pierre Deux Coups [one stone did two strikes]; I gave the sacrifice to the people and executed the villain." Arriving in your country house and engaged in homework, the count completely calmed down. After half an hour, the count was driving on fast horses through Sokolnichye field, no longer remembering what was, and thinking and thinking only about what would happen. He now went to the Jaiz Bridge, where, he was told, was Kutuzov. The Count Men Protection was preparing in his imagination those angry in the strokes, which he will express Kutuzov for his deception. He will give to feel this old court fox that responsibility for all misfortunes, having to occur from the abdication of the capital, from the death of Russia (as Menschin thought), will fall on one of his surviving from the mind old head. Thinking forward what he would say to him, mushrooms were angry in a stroller and angrily looked around. Sokolnichye field was deserted. Only at the end of him, the almighty and the yellow house, a bunch of people in white clothes and a few lonely, the same people who walked around the field, something shouting and waving his hands. One vzi fled on the stroller of the crust crust. And the Count of Mensor, and his Kucher, and Draguns, all looked with a vague sense of horror and curiosity on these released crazy and especially on the one who ran to Vim. Shatting on his long thin legs, in the flutter coat, the crazy, this rapidly fled, not the descent of the eye with the damnation, shouting him something like a hoarse voice and making signs to stop. Brings around the beard uneven blocks, the gloomy and solemn face of the crazy was thin and yellow. Black agate pupils ran down low and anxiously across saffranously with yellow proteins. - Stop! Stop! I say! He screamed piercingly and again something, choking, shouted with impressive intonations in gestures. He stood up with a carriage and ran next to her. "They killed me three times, raised three times from the dead." They broke the stones, crucified me ... I will resurrect ... Sunday ... Sunday. Rastered my body. The kingdom of God collapses ... It will destroy it three times and erect him three times, "he shouted, all the elevative and elevative voice. The Count Menschikin suddenly turned pale as he turned the time when the crowd rushed to Vereshchagin. He turned away. - Posh ... went rather! - he shouted at Couter a trembling voice. The stroller rushed into all the legs of the horses; But for a long time, the Count Crossbachin heard the distant crazy, desperate cry, and before his eyes saw one surprised frightened, bloody face of the traitor in the fur coil. No matter how fresh it was a memories, it felt now that it was deep, to the blood, crashed into his heart. He clearly felt now that the bloody trail of this memories will never heal, but that, on the contrary, the farther, the evil, it will be more painful to live until the end of life is a terrible memory in his heart. He heard him seemed to him now, the sounds of her words: "Ruby him, you answer me!" - "Why I said these words! As it was inappropriately said ... I could not say them (he thought): Then there would be nothing. " He saw frightened and then suddenly the harpful face of the impaired dragoon and a silent, timid reproach, who threw this boy on him in Fox Toulup ... "But I didn't do it for myself. I had to do so. La Plebe, Le Traitre ... Le Bien Publique, "[Mobile, Villain ... public benefit.] - he thought. The Yauzo bridge still crowded the army. It was hot. Kutuzov, frowny, sad, sitting on a shop near the bridge and the beach played in the sand when the stroller rolled down with the noise. A man in the general uniform, in a hat with a plumage, with running, not then angry, did not come to Kutuzov's frightened eyes and began to talk to him in French. It was a graph of mushrooms. He spoke Kutuzov, which appeared here, because Moscow and the capital there is no longer there is one army. - It would be different, if your lordship would not tell me that you would not surrender Moscow, who were still battles: all this would not be! - he said. Kutuzov looked at the damnation and, as if not understanding the meanings of words addressed to him, diligently intensified to read something special, written at this moment on the person who spoken by him. Mensor, embarrassed, fell silent. Kutuzov shook his head slightly and, not the descendant look from the face of the crop, quietly said: - Yes, I will not give Moscow, without giving battles. Whether Kutuzov thought about the friend, saying these words, or on purpose, knowing their meaninglessness, said them, but the Count of Mozchatchin answered nothing and hastily moved away from Kutuzov. And a strange thing! Commander-in-Chief of Moscow, proud Count Mensorchin, taking Nagaika, went to the bridge and began to accelerate the crowded carts. In the fourth hour in the afternoon, Murat's troops entered Moscow. Ahead was driving a detachment of Vemitrgin Gusar, behind the riding, with a big retinue, the Neapolitan King himself was driving. Near the middle of Arbat, near Nikola Shvalnyh, Murat stopped, waiting for the news from an advanced squad about what position was the city fortress "Le Kremlin". A small bunch of people from the residents remained in Moscow gathered around Murata. Everyone with timid bewilder was looked at the strange, the long-haired chief of the feather and gold. - Well, is it myself, or the king of their own? Nicho! - The quiet voices were heard. The translator drove up to the pile of the people. "The cap will take off the hat ... the header," spoke in the crowd, turning to each other. The translator turned to one old janitor and asked if the Kremlin far? The janitor, listening to a bewilderment to the Polish accent alien to him and not recognizing the sounds of the translator's talk for Russian, did not understand what he was told, and hid behind others.

"One person leaves the trail, a hundred - the trail, a thousand-desert" People's Wisdom In 1948, the International Union of Nature Conservation and Natural Resources was formed - the Commitment Service Commission. In 1963, the register of rare and endangered animals was revealed for the first time. Peter Scott, who heads the Special Public Commission on Rare Species, recommended to name the Red Book - alarm. The Red Book of the Chuvash Republic consists of 2 volumes: 1 - plants and animals, 2 - unique natural objects and natural heritage of the peoples of the Chuvash Republic.

In the Chuvash Republic, there are currently 99 specially protected natural territories. In the republic, there are 3 specially protected natural territories of federal significance: the State Natural Reserve "Sucansky". National Park "Chavash Warman" Natural Park "Zavolzhie". Especially protected territories of the Czech Republic

Yeah's dummy to be up to 22 cm, the stake of the OK T. up to 20 cm., Be with the city of the village of Ra Z w from nor. Food insects, leeches, mollusks, occasionally - fish. Fur is very valuable. In Chuvashia lives within the limits of Alaki, Poretsky and Shumerlin districts. Disappearing

The Zavolzhye Reserve in the Natural Park lives 1358 species of animals. Of these, 55 kinds of animals are rare: Bear is brown, boar, lynx, ermine, european mink, cunning, sonia forest, cheerful, flying. In the water bodies of the park, many of which are declared by nature monuments, about 40 species of fish live, and some of them, such as Harius, Sazan, streaming trout, need protection. It is rich and diverse a species composition of the plant world of the Volga region.

Kubashka Small gibble high in the Chuvash Republic is rarely found in the floodplains of the rivers of Civil, Anish, lined. In the Chuvash Republic, it was noted during the examination of lakes and other reservoirs in the Krasnochta district. The cranberries of the finely water in the territory of Chuvashia occurs occasionally in the Volga region

Lilia Saranka in the Chuvash Republic was celebrated in Kozlovsky, Yalchik and Shemurshinsky districts. Protected in the reserve and National Park "Chavash Warman". Venerene Shchemok in the Chuvash Republic is found in Poretsky, Alakirsk, Cheboksary and Marposadsky districts. Guards on lakes big and small swan (Park "Zavolzhye") Whitewater

Pure-white water lily in the Chuvash Republic grows in the lakes of the Sura and Volga rivers, in the Cheboksarsky reservoir, and the Volga. European swimsuit is guarded in the Alakira site of the Natural Reserve "Sucansky", National Park "Chavash Warman", Valzhye Park.

State Natural Reserve "Schomikovskaya Colony of gray pin". Large bird weighs 1.5 kg. Above the eye is a wide black strip, a small crest from black feathers on the head, three rows of longitudinal black spots stretch along the abdominal side of the neck from the throat. Legs are greenish-yellow. Nest at high trees. The only Colony of Herlin is located near the village of Schomikovo Morghausky district.

The rules of behavior in nature 10 "not" do not pollute nature do not destroy nature do not take excess of nature Do not ruin anthills do not chop live trees and shrubs not to breed fires under the trees not to leave banks and plastic not to tear flowers not to break the nest birds do not take home baby animals

Did you know? - a lot of life expectancy from herbaceous plants - up to 300 years old - has a lingonberry; - the "universal" medicinal plants is St. John's wort; - Low-calorie vegetable - cucumber; -Shemable major weed is a giant Borshevik (height 3.65 m, length of leaves up to 91cm). - a small little flowering plant - a row;

*** Flowers disappear on Earth. Every year it is noticeable. Less joy and beauty leaves us every summer. The revelation of the flowers of meadow we were understood hardly, we hurt them carefree them and soullessly, ruthlessly dreamed. In we were silent, the insane "stop" it seemed to us everything was not enough, everything is not enough, and then in the time of the urban, we dragged tiredly. And they have not seen how silently silently, breathing barely barely looked like Vasileuk, hopelessly cloves looked.

Chuvashia amazes any tourist who first visited this edge. The indigenous people are not surprised, but they do everything possible to preserve and multiply natural wealth. We learn about dense forests-boras, endless rivers and mysterious lakes, as well as bright representatives of local flora and fauna.

Main statistical data

Chuvash lands spread out on the right bank of the Volga, washed by her tributaries - Spring and Sura. The highest point of the republic is 286.6 meters above sea level. The nature of Chuvashia is one of the main wealth of the republic, located in the heart of Russia, in the Eastern European Plain.

On the border with the Tataria, in the valleys of rivers (sura, large and small civilians) there are black-earth soils, especially valuable for agriculture, the soils are dominated in the rest of the republic. The subsoil is not so rich, as the local residents would like, but there are fields of phosphorites, combustible shale and peat.

Edge of rivers and lakes

In the territory of Chuvashia today there are more than 2350 rivers and rivers, and they all fall into the Volga or her tributaries. Interestingly, 9 out of 10 rivers are very short - less than 10 kilometers, from the total amount of water sources the length of only two water flows exceeds 500 kilometers.

The most beautiful nature of Chuvashia, naturally, in the Volga Valley, here are favorable conditions for the growth and development of plants and animals. The Volga crosses almost the entire territory of the republic, is the main source of drinking water, used in irrigation. It is built that provides energy not only Cheboksary, but also other regions.

The Sura River is the main "supplier" of pure water for Alatyre and Shumerla, plays an important role in the Chuvashi transport system. The Big Civil River Pool covers a quarter of the territory of the Republic, also plays an important role in industry and agriculture.

Edge of forests, meadows or steppes?

Unfortunately, in the last century, the nature of Chuvashia has undergone significant changes. Previously, almost all the land were covered with forests, but as a result of the development of territories by man and, first of all, the deforestation of forests, only the third part of the edge today is engaged in forest land.

Earthly lands are given to the management of agricultural workers, are used as land and meadows. Also on the territory of the Autonomous Republic there are steppes, they are especially beautiful in spring time, when enough water, heat and light. By the middle of the summer, steppe spaces look less attractive.

The mysterious kingdom of flora

Chuvash forests are predominantly deciduous. Birch, oak, maple, linden, ash are dominated in them. A large number of shrubs grow on the territory of the forest arrays - Rosehip, Kalina. Of the smaller - blueberries, lingonberries, other wild berry cultures.

The steppe plants of Chuvashia are the special pride of local residents. First, Flora steppes amazes the wealth of species and paints. Secondly, actively used in agriculture, in official and traditional medicine. I got the greatest distribution. Quite often you can meet other herbs, for example, Ticaccus, Mattik. Sage grows everywhere, which is especially loved by home-grown celebrities.

Since there are a huge number of rivers in the territory and there are lakes, then, respectively, aquatic plants are found. Tourists can see a white pitcher and her simpler, a modest relative - a yellow cube.

Through the wetland shores of forest rivers, roasters and them are similar representatives of flora - Source and Rogoz. There are not very attractive externally, but having beautiful names - the breadth of the breadth and a graonist.

The kingdom of chuvash predators and herbivores

The animal world of Chuvashia is rich and diverse, in the forests you can find predatory animals - wolf, badger, fox, bear. Forest animals are found: ermine, curtain, caress, mink, sandy. Part of the animals is listed in the Red Book, is under threat of extinction. Among them, the bear brown and deer is European.

Other mammals, on the contrary, was divorced too much, so you can come to Chuvashi to hunt. Proteins, hare, elk, fox, boar and other animals are mining. The same can be said about the aquatic animals: Kumja disappeared, on the verge of beluga, sturgeon, sterling and other valuable species. You can catch a pike, pike perch, Nalima, Yazy, bream, crucian, sometimes come across the bait and "guests" - a thick carp, white Amur and tulka.

Of the 275 species of representatives of Ornithofauna, 74 species can be seen extremely rare, but the following types of feathered are popular: larks, cuckoo, raznzhen, sparrow, tit. There are predators (falcon, hawk). Objects of production - aunt, partridge, Ryabchik.

Reserves of the Republic

Currently, the nature of Chuvashia is under the close attention of ecologists, state and public organizations. Special territories have been created in the republic, where Flora and Fauna are protected.

The most important are "Chavash Warman", the National Park "Sucansky", acting in the status of the state reserve. There is a natural park "Zavalzhye", several reserves and monuments of nature.

On the right bank of the Volga, in the Delta Sura and Sviyagi there is a picturesque region - Chuvashia. Just imagine, 2356 rivers and rivers flow in 18300 km2. In addition, there are about 600 floodplain, 154 caste and interdunteral lakes. Such a water diversity in combination with a moderately continental climate is a favorable habitat for a variety of plants and animals. The nature of Chuvashia is unique in their own way and is famous for its endless expanses. Only one third of the edges are populated by forests. The abundance of beautiful corners and healthcares make chuvashi attractive in the eyes of numerous tourists.

Climate Chuvashia

As mentioned above, Chuvashia is located in, with pronounced 4 seasons. The average summer temperature ranges in the area + 200c, the winter thermometer is rarely lowered below - 130c. Such a gentle environment in combination with mineral sources, clean air and species diversity and has long been attracted to people who want to significantly correct the state of their health and enjoy beauty.

Vegetable world

Flora Chuvashia suffered significant changes as a result of the global, previously covering the almost entire territory of the region. Now they only occupy 33%, the rest is assigned to agricultural land. Despite the entire global situation, the vegetation world of Chuvashia pleases the eye and excites the imagination of a variety of paints.

In the remaining forests, deciduous species of trees are dominated, such as oak, Birch, Lipa, Clane, ash. From coniferous - larch and cedar. In the undergrowth adapted rosehip, viburnum, acidic, blueberries and other shrubs. In the forests, many mushrooms that are collected on an industrial scale.

Chuvashi as if created for herbs! Their incredible set here! However, more often than others can be met by Kovyl, the sage, mint and tichard. It is impossible to bypass the plants living in and near numerous reservoirs. The most beautiful inhabitants are the yellow cube and white water lily. Kamyshes, Rogozes, Horsetails, Escock, Lyuconds and Rolls can not be called not attractive, simply their value is inversely proportional to the number.

Animal world

Fauna Chuvashia has changed significantly under the influence of the same anthropogenic factor. Some species were completely destroyed, others are populated by artificially. And, nevertheless, nature took the top of its polyhedral. Let's start with heights and smoothly plunge into the aquatic environment.

In heaven, the tops are filled, hawks and haircuts. At the branches of trees nest, Soroki, cuckoo, shit and owls. A variety of small birds will be treated in - partridges, quail, larks. However, hunters attract more to thermis, Ryabchik, Ceremakha and Waldshnep.

Forests inhabit wolves, foxes, hares, badgers, cunits. The creation of reserves and a ban on hunting allowed to increase the population of brown bears, fish, boars and moose.

Hedgehogs, tushkans, gopters, crots, moles, hamsters, and other small rodents dwell on the steppe plains.

Bobras, ondatras, otters are found in the reservoirs. The abundance of fish attracts ducks, hergs, gulls and swallows.

Careful attitude towards wildlife - the mortality of each of her revival.