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Insectivorous bat per hour of hunting can eat up to 200 mosquitoes.
Lifestyle
Although the bats are divided into many species and live in various natural conditions, but the habits of them are surprisingly similar. Almost everyone keeps a nightlife, and the day they sleep, hanging down their heads. Nests are battered. Bats are capable of falling into a stupor, accompanied by a decrease in the rate of metabolism, breathing intensity and heart rate, many are capable of falling into a long seasonal hibernation.
Spread
The range of volatile mice almost coincides with the area of \u200b\u200bthe detachment of the manwork.
Using echolocation
Bats detect items that block the path, emitting sounds that are sounds and catching their echo reflected from the items. Before the opening of ultrasonic echolocation, it was assumed that the bats have extrasensory perception. They were deprived of the opportunity to use vision, covered the wings with a dense varnish to deprive the opportunity to feel airflows, and they still avoided the obstacles located in the experimental chamber.
Studies of Dr. O. Henson, Anatoma of Ielsky University, showed that at the time of the emission of intelligence ultrasounds, the muscles in the ears of volatile mice are closed with ear shells to prevent damage to the auditory apparatus.
During the flight, the bats sing songs using complex combinations of syllables, at high frequencies (which is due to their ability to echolocation). They create ultrasonic waves from 40 to 100 kHz. Call of Brazilian foldsHube includes from 15 to 20 syllables. Caring for the female, each male sings her own song, although in general the melodies of all songs are similar. The difference lies in the individual combination of different syllables. Sophisticated voice messages are used not only for courtship, but also to identify each other, the designations of social status, the definition of territorial borders, during the upbringing of offspring and when counteracting individuals who invaded someone else's territory. According to the Michael biologist, there is no other mammal, except for a person, does not have the ability to communicate with such complex voice sequences. The voice center responsible for organizing the complex sequences of the syllables, the volatile mice is located somewhat higher than that of a person, and scientists can not yet determine where it is located.
Bats that feed on fish (for example, Mexican fishing mouse), patrol the aqueous surface at night, radiating very strong echolocation signals. However, these signals do not penetrate the water. The mouse will not detect fish under water, but immediately finds if the fish dries from the water at least a small part of the body.
Echolocation of volatile mice varies in different families. The rigs emit signals through the nose, and these signals are short (50-100 ms) ultrasonic parcels with a constant frequency of 81-82 kHz, but at the end of the signal the frequency drops sharply by 10-14 kHz. And the smooth bats emit significantly shorter (2-5 ms) signals with a frequency that drops from 130 to 30-40 kHz during that time.
Bats are able to detect an obstacle from the wire at a distance of 17 meters away. Detection range depends on the diameter of the wire. The wire with a diameter of 0.4 mm will be found from a distance of 4 meters, and with a diameter of 0.08 mm - with 50 cm. The length of the typical Lockey Signal Signals is about 4 mm. However, the mouse reacts not only to the thickness, but also on the length of the wire, with the result that with a sufficient length of the segment of the wire will be detected.
Bats in culture
Corynorhinus Townsendii.
Main article: Manochable in culture
| The bat is a chimera, a monstrous impossible being, a symbol of dreams, nightmares, ghosts, patient imagination ... Universal incorrectness and monostrity, seen in the body of a volatile mouse, ugly anomalies in the device of feelings allowing the nose to hear the nose and see the ears - everything This, as if on purpose, was adapted to ensure that the bat was a symbol of spiritual disorder and madness. French Naturalist A. Tussenell, 1874 |
Danger
According to WHO, bats are a natural reservoir of Marburg and Ebola viruses, which are the cause of death (especially dangerous infection). These viruses are included in the list of well-known pathogenic viruses. There are actual data on the involvement of volatile mice to the transmission of infection. [ a source?] This is a message in the WHO newsletter from November 2012.
see also
- Scientific and popular film "Wildlife Predators: Bats"
Notes
Sources
- Naumov N. P., Kartashev N. N. Vertebrate zoology. - C. 2.-reptiles, birds, mammals: a textbook for a biologist. specialist. Un-Tov. - M.: Higher. School, 1979. - 272 p., Il.
- Mosiyash S. S. Flying at night. - M.: Knowledge, 1985.
- WHO Newsletter November 2012 Marburg Gemorrhagic Fever.
Literature
- // Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron: in 86 volumes (82 tons and 4 extra). - St. Petersburg. , 1890-1907.
Links
Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.
Watch what is "bats" in other dictionaries:
Bats, mammals (Detachable Detachable). Body length from 2.5 to 14 cm. About 800 species are common everywhere where there is wood vegetation, especially numerous in the tropics and subtropics. Vision is poorly developed, oriented trapping ... ... Modern encyclopedia
Mammalian cross-tank counter. Body length from 2.5 to 14 cm. OK. 700 species (17 families) are widespread, numerous in the tropics and subtropics. Asylums for bats serve as caves, hollow trees, ruins, buildings ... ... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary
- (Microchiroptera), man-making sub surveys. Known from oligocene. In contrast to the smaller wings (for bodies from 2.5 to 14 cm) and have more advanced devices to the flight. The big borehum of the shoulder bone in most L. m. Forms ... ... Biological Encyclopedic Dictionary
- (Microchiroptera) The Mammalian Countess Drawberry Counted (see Arup). From representatives of the second subjection of the manochable wingnes (see Weldows), outwardly differ in small dimensions (body length is up to 14 cm) and the fact that the second finger of the front ... ... Great Soviet Encyclopedia
Or manochable (Chiroptera) detachment of mammals with the following main distinctive features: the bones of the forelimbs are strongly elongated; between their fingers, between the front limbs, body and rear limbs, and for the most part also ... ... Encyclopedic Dictionary F.A. Brockhaus and I.A. Efron
Mammalian cross-tank counter. Body length from 2.5 to 14 cm. About 700 species (17 families) are widely distributed, numerous in the tropics and subtropics. Asylums for bats serve as caves, hollow trees, ruins, buildings ... ... encyclopedic Dictionary
On the planet there is a millionth number of different living beings. Due to the peculiarities of appearance and character, the bat occupies a special niche. The name "Bat" appeared at the beginning of the 17th century from the translation of the book in German.
Many people do not know the bat - this is a bird or an animal. The manochables have wings, know how to fly, but bats belong to the representatives of the world of animals. Such a mouse is the only animal on the planet moving through the air with the help of wings. Central America has become their field. These animals are poorly tolerated cold, so you prefer the mild climate of Asia or the territory of the Primorsky Territory. An animal belongs to the detaspical mammalian detachment, the view is manochable. We will analyze what the bat looks like.
They differ from each other appearance and sizes. A common body value from 3 to 10 cm, but there are also special individuals - lzevampir. Their value is 40-50 cm, and the weight of up to 200 grams. Bat fur coat thick and soft. It is usually gray, black or brown. There are animals with a color of yellowish or orange. Such a bright fur color is inherent in the Mexican fishing mouse.
Honduras bat white fur, and the nose and ears are yellow. There is no wings. The muzzle resembles a pork stylum with mouse-appearance elements. There are individuals, on the body of which, completely absent fur coat. Such representatives are in the Philippines and in Southeast Asia.
The volatile mice differs the internal structure of the skull and teeth. Long-language sheets has a long tongue that he collects nectar. The elongated shape of the head is needed to accommodate the language.
The volatile mice is a heterodontic dental system, so they have fangs, cutters, feeded and indigenous teeth. Strong and long teeth are usually in animals that feed insects with a thick shell.
The number of teeth among different types of bats is different. For example, the vampires of them are only 20, while in small mice can be up to 38. Vampires have sharp fangs to make bites, after which blood goes. The volatile mice feed on fruit, teeth are similar to the bulk of the flower participating in the formation of the fetus.
Most representatives on the nose are the horn, resembling the nose of rhino, and large ears are located on the head, similar to the sick. The auditory body improves mammal echo bellows. Skeleton bats There are several features. The front limbs of an unusual form, one finger of which has a curved shape with an acute end. "Hands" begin from the hind limbs, reach the forearm and switch to the elongated fingers. It turns out a kind of frame, pulled by a skin tight blade.
The membrane serves as the wing of his hostess. In cold times, the mouse turns into its membrane, as in cape. Bats are excellent in mobility and aerodynamics of birds and insects. The speed of the flight is busy from 10 to 50 km / h. Among the whole variety of mice, the most speed up to 160 km / h reaches Brazilian folds. The membrane is strongly stretched, about 4 times, it is not damaged. During the flight, the bat Makes synchronous movements with wings, heavily presses them to themselves, thereby improving aerodynamics.
These mammals have very flexible wings, which allows, without making a turn, turn 180 degrees. Bat can hang in the air as an insect.
It is known that manochable can not see well, but they have excellent rumors. Many breeds of mice have a goat on the ears, which improves and strengthens the perception of sounds. False horseshoes can catch the rustle of insects under the grass or among foliage. Images for them appear in black and white. Echolocation helps them navigate in the dark. Ultrasonic impulses save from collisions with possible obstacles. However, manacked are not quite blind, some see well and can catch extraction by eye.
A well-developed olfactory feeling helps to find their cubs after a night hunt, identify a stranger in a colony or find sources of food.
Lifestyle bats
Mice prefer to live in large settlements, sometimes reaching more than a thousand individuals. True, there are animals preferring to live alone. The colony of Brazilian folds has more than 20 million individuals.
A manochable hunt alone. They do not create families, and together only at the time of mating.
They sleep, hanging heads down, and wrapped in their web-shock wings. Bat - night or twilight animal. A manochables are well closed on the rocks. During the flight, the bats always publish a shrill squeak, whose characteristic is comparable to the sound of the jet engine of the aircraft. The man does not hear him. Such ultrasound waves are unbearable to perceive people. Winter time a mammal spends in a hibernation, and sometimes they fly into warm edges. The hibernation lasts up to 8 months.
Where and how many volatile mice live
A mammal settled almost the entire planet, with the exception of the districts of the tundra and ice-covered lands. An animal easily adapts to natural conditions, therefore can live almost anywhere.
A manochable loves the place where there is no daylight. Mammals live in caves, basements, abandoned places, in the voupels of trees. There are amazing individuals wrapped in the leaves of bananas. Other representatives can dwell under the nests of birds, in bamboo stems or even in a web.
They live on average for 5 years, but there are long-livers whose age reaches 20 years. Record age among volatile mice - 33 years.
At home mice can live less than the deadline, because of a low-effective lifestyle.
How to breed
Individuals living in warm climatic zones can multiply twice a year.
In moderate latitudes, animals give birth to cubs once a year. Fertilization usually occurs in the autumn time of the year before hibernation. Spermatozoa does not immediately fertilize the egg cell, can be in the reservation before waking up the female. Some males make special sounds that attract the female. It is impossible to describe exactly how bats care and mate, because of a secretive lifestyle of bats.
After awakening, the period of pregnancy begins, which lasts depending on the temperature and from the view. In the cold climate, the baby develops longer. The females give birth to one cub, less often two or three. In the process of childbirth, the female turns his head up. The birth of a cub is going forward, then he falls into the tail bag, where he spends the week. Kids hide into shelter and feed with milk.
All this process gave an answer - the bat mammal or not. As a result, the animal was attributed to the appropriate class.
In the first week after birth, the female takes a cub with him to hunt, then when he becomes hard leaves in shelter. Before the occurrence of the monthly age, the kids are very weak and can not hunt. Then they begin to catch extraction near her refuge. Possessing a unique sense of smell, the female after hunting can easily find a cub. Even being a distance of several kilometers, the female may feel the smell of the baby.
Enemies manochable
Mammal does not have many enemies in nature. Probably because of the night lifestyle, because they are small with whom.
They hide their asylum well or live in large colonies, so many animals and birds are simply afraid of them.
Evening, flying at the twilight time, become the prey of day predatory birds: Sapsans, hawks or nonsense. Owls and owls love to hunt on bats, but catch them hard. A manochable saves developed echolocation.
In the cave arrays of Hungary on the animal attack the tit. They fly at the time of sleep and take the sleeping animal to their nest. True, the sinits are afraid of large mammal groups due to mortal danger.
A manochable, sleeping on the branches of trees, often becoming prey of woody snakes. The bats have no fitness for day life, therefore echolocation does not even save.
A mammal often falls into paws to spiders. In the dark, they do not see a web, and echolocation does not help. Some large spiders do not specifically kill the insect, lining larger prey, in the face of volatile mouse.
Laski, ferrets and cunits are also enemies for manochable. They sneak up during sleep and kill the animal.
A man is afraid of volatile mice, so there is a destruction of entire colonies of these animals. It is important that this mammal benefits, killing insects. After all, some are carriers of dangerous diseases.
In the Asian countries, the meat of bat is considered a delicacy. Many bats are listed in the Red Book and are securely protected.
What benefits bring bats
A manochable are very useful animals. They feed mainly insects, which sometimes transfer deadly diseases.
Bats save yield cultures from pests. Flying from one flower to another, they help in the process of pollination.
Living the animal is considered a good fertilizer. It is known that in the caves you can find layers of excrement reaching meters.
The saliva bats are used for medical purposes.
Domestic bat
When you want exotic, people have a bat of a bat. These animals can get used to home conditions, but will feel uncomfortable. If you decide to start this animal, it is important to provide suitable conditions.
Bat loves a nightlife. In the afternoon, a little animal prefers to sleep.
House for pet
For a volatile mouse, an extensive space is important, so you need to take care of the big aviary. It is drawn up by branches so that the animal was where to hide in the daytime. The temperature of the environment is important for manocharged. The norm is 30 degrees.
Bird Cage may not come up, as a manochable animal can easily get away between the twigs.
Than feeding a bat at home
In natural conditions, volatile mice love to catch insects. Feeding should be done in the evening, once every 24 hours. At home, there is no possibility to feed on their own, so it is necessary to provide a mammal of the correct and full ration.
- flour worms;
- milk mixtures for children up to month;
- insect dolls;
- raw egg yolk;
- adult Khrushchi;
For nutrition, we prepare the mixture, add honey, yolk and vitamin E. Animal take into hand and offer a treat through a pipette.
Insects for the animal stored in the bank.
Bathed mouse can not be flipped, because home conditions are characterized by low activity, which is dangerous to animal health.
Each animal is unique. A manochable mammals are no exception. They have an unusual appearance and useful for a person.
Bats are small fluffy animals, masterfully sins in the sky, with the onset of twilight.
Almost all types of volatile mice lead a nightlife, resting the day, hanging down her head down, or clogging into some kind of hole.
The bats They refer to the detachment of the manochable, and make up its main part. It is worth noting that manochable lives in all continents of our planet, except Antarctica.
Consider a mouse in flight is not realistic, their intentable flight is very different from the flight of birds and insects, surpassing their maneuverability and aerodynamics.
The average rate of volatile mice in flight from 20-50 km / h. Them wings have brushes With long fingers connected by thin but sturdy leather membrane. This membrane stretches 4 times, without breaks and damage. During the flight, the mouse performs symmetrical maugh of wings, strongly pressing them to themselves, much more tight than other flying animals, thus improving the aerodynamics of their flight.
The flexibility of the wing allows a bat instantly turn over 180 degrees, practically non-reversal. Also bats are capable hang in air As insects, making quick wings.
Echolocation of volatile mice
For orientation Bats use echolocation, not vision. During the flight, they send ultrasonic impulses that reflected from various objects, including alive (insects, birds), are tracked with ear sinks.
The intensity of the ultrasonic signals sent by the mouse is very large, and many species reaches 110-120 decibels (passing train, jackhammer). However, the human ear does not hear them.
Echolocation helps the mouse not only to navigate in flight, maneuvering in a dense forest, but also control the height of the flight, hunting, haunt prey, look for a day for day sleep.
The bats Often sleep with groups, despite the small size, they have a high level of socialization.
Songs of volatile mice
Among the mammals (except for a person), the manical unique, who use very complex voice sequences to communicate. it looks like birdsBut much more difficult.
Mice sing songs During the courting of the male for the female, to protect its territory, to identify each other and the designation of their status, during the upbringing of a cub. Songs are published in the ultrasound range, a person can only hear what "spit" at low frequencies.
In winter, part of the manocharged migrates into the turbulent edges, and part of the winter, falling into the hibernation.
Environmental Battime Status
All European types of volatile mice are protected by many international conventions, including the Bern Convention (animal protection) and the Bonn Convention (migratory animal protection). In addition, they are all listed in the international Red Book of IUCN. Part of the species, as threatened with disappearance, and part - as vulnerable, requiring constant monitoring. Russia has signed all international agreements on the protection of these animals. All kinds of manacked are also protected by domestic legislation. Some of them are included in the Red Book. According to the law, not only the volatile mouse themselves, but also their habitats, first of all asylum, are subject to protection. That is why nor sanitary supervision authorities nor veterinary simply have the right to take some measures regarding the villages found in the city, also a person by law is not entitled to destroy the habitats of mouse colonies and mice themselves.
Interesting facts about volatile mice
1. There is an international night volatile mice. This holiday is celebrated on September 21, in order to draw attention to the problems of survival of these animals. In Russia, this environmental holiday is celebrated since 2003.
2. In one hour, the bat can eat up to 600 mosquitoes, which in terms of human weight will be approximately 20 pizza.
3. Bats do not suffer obesity.
4. Bats sing songs at high frequencies.
Bats are essential for various ecosystems around the world. Often, people relate to them biased and fear them. Let's take advantage of the moment and estimate the charming side of these small animals. And the 25 most pretty species of bats will help us in this.
Bats are mysterious and incomprehensible creatures. They are frequent heroes of dark and terrible stories and myths. They copied bad fame over the centuries. But in fact, bats are vital members of ecosystems around the world, acting as natural methods of combating pests, and also help pollinate plants and distribute seeds. While some species can look a little terribly, other types of volatile mice are completely charming. We have gathered here 25 of the most pretty species of bats to show you as cute they can be.
This is a photo of a tiny baby egyptian volatile dogThe species occurs throughout Africa and the Middle East.
California Liston-eyed Bat
The view dwells in Mexico and the USA, loves warm deserts. This bat can be found in Sonora and Mojave deserts, where they feed, such as crickets, grasshoppers and moths. California leaf-eyed bat - Specialist in flights and maneuvers.
White sheets
The species differs from most bats, charming white, yellow ears and nose. White sheets is only 5 cm long. During overnights, they are located along the Röbember of large leaves, where they make structures in the form of a tent. This technique protects them from bad weather and predators while they rest.
Indian Bat Fox.
This species is one of the largest volatile mice, with a scope of the wings of 120-150 cm. During the day, the Indian bat can fly from 14 to 65 km, so its importance for widespread seeds and pollination should not be understated.
Large brown leather
Cute leather with a wonderful name. This species is found in North America, Central America and the northern part of South America. They pose a huge benefit to people, destroying such pests as moles, beetles and.
Dwarf Epoles Cribol
This ridiculous and cute view reaches only 7-9 cm long. Upholstered in Africa, they feed on small fruits, nectar and pollen.
Vaccoless bats
This is a family of volatile mice with amazing skin forms around the nose and quite large ears. They are insect eaters. The honeycomb use their ears for echolocation, and wide wings for a particularly flexible flight during the permanent of prey.
Brown Ushman
This type of European volatile mouse also has especially long ears with characteristic folds at the bottom. But even with such ears, this kind is more relying on your vision. Brown Ushan, mainly feeding with a mole that finds among the leaves and the bark of trees.
Striped gratuchi leaves
This delightful copy lives in Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Nicaragua and Panama in mature evergreen forests. The number of individuals of this type of sheets has decreased dramatically due to the invasion of a person on the environment of its habitat.
Mediterranean horseshoes
Continuing a list of 25 of the most pretty species of volatile mice Mediterranean horseskone, which is listed in the Red Book of IUCN. Dwell in warm, wooded terrain, especially with a large amount of caves and water sources. There they hoot on butterflies and insects.
Bellochih Rutheh
Belobryukh Rutheshuh lives in the desert areas of Morocco through the entire Egypt and the Arabian Peninsula. He perfectly adapted to arid and non-microgenic regions. Blobrahih Rutheshuh The first enemy for scorpions, which it usually feeds. He has immunity to their poisons.
Small bat
This European view is one of those who love to dwell near the rivers and streams. Small bat hunts in forests and waterfrosts on water midges and other insects.
Big false vampire
The species is found in South Asia and Southeast Asia in wet tropical forests. Through the charming appearance of this bat hides an exceptional predator. A large false vampire can eat everything from large insects to lizards, frogs, rats, small birds and even other types of small bats. Surprisingly, it can detect and catch prey, a mouse or a frog in full darkness and without echolocation.
Small false vampire
Mini version of large false vampires. Instead of large prey, they feed insects. Small false vampires live in groups from 3-30 individuals in crevices, caves and hollow trees.
Large fruchad leaf
This is a fairly common view of South and Central America. In the Red List of ICC, this species is considered one of those that are under the minimum risk of extinction.
Red HairyThe
This proud female of red hairy makes his three tiny babies. Such hugs retain the required amount of heat. Very often, twins or even two twins pairs (fourths) are born in the females of this species.
Pigtone banya mouse
Another tiny view of our list of 25 of the most pretty species of bats, which is only 2.5-3.3 cm long. The pigtime bat is the smallest among their related species and, perhaps, also the smallest mammal in the world.
Malay Shortonovy Kryllan
Inhabited in South and Southeast Asia and Indonesia, this bat loves mango dishes. It is powered by other fruits, but mango prefers. Also eat nectar and pollen, like other fruitic bats and are important for pollination of plants.
Spotted Ushan.
Very nice tiny bats with stains. Spotted Ushan has the greatest ears, compared with its body size. First of all hunts the grasshoppers and butterflies.
Gray bully
This species can be found throughout North and South America. He got his name because of the gray coat color. Gray Hairy Activost is a single, sleeping on the trees and hunts first of all to mole.
Point flying fox.
These bats live in forest and tropical regions of Northern Australia. Their diet makes tropical fruits and flowers. Baby are located near their mother up to 5 months. After they join the other minors at the "Children's Trees", where they continue to learn flights.
Southern Small Yellow Radio
This species dwells in the Atlantic forest in the southern part of Brazil and in the east Paraguay. In addition, it is very cute, very little is known about him.
Slavsky Kryl
Slavsky koplan is a well-known nyline species of the subregion of Sulawesi. Locals consider this baby carrier of good luck. Like other species that feed on fruit, this also makes its meaningful contribution to the ecosystem.
Pale speyna
This type of Central and South America is powered mainly by nectar, pollen and flowers, but they can also catch insects. In some areas, their diet can move from plants to insect depending on the season.
Gambian Epolen Krylila.
Finishes a list of 25 of the most pretty species of volatile mice Gambian Epoles. Living mainly in Africa, they feed on figs, guava, mango and banana trees. And also use vision and scent, not echolocation to search for food.
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Some of the most interesting and mysterious living creatures, the true nature of which does not even correlate with the mythical sinister rumors and the ideas of our "dark" ancestors. In fact, bats bring more benefits than other representatives of the human race.
And about these amazing nightnings, or rather, about how they live, where they spend the cold winter and when the bats are waking up after the end of the hibernation, we will try to tell in this article.
Who are they, developing evil or loyal assistants?
Bats (lat.Microchiroptera ) Refer to the detachment of manochable cohorts of placental mammals. These are the only animals in the world capable of long-term flight.
This is a very extensive squad in the species, and the size of representatives of it oscillates from 3 to 50 cm. In length, and from 5 to 80 cm. In the wings. But we will consider as a sample not large tropical specimens, but inhabiting our European regions small species whose dimensions usually do not exceed the size of the sparrow or tit.
Live these flyers can 5-10 years old and even longer. Zoologists argue that some volatile mouses under the supervision of science lived until 20-25 years, and this is not a fiction.
Volatile mice cannot be confused with any other living creatures on the planet Earth. They have a unique appearance, which most may seem repulsive and ominous.
Thin limbs of bats resemble the bone frame, which is stretched by a leather membrane forming the wings. These creatures have a very thick fluffy fur cover on the Taurus, usually brighter front.
The head and muzzle are truly a bizarre structure, with which, in addition to the wings, usually connected all the unprecedented about the otherworldly nature of these creatures in the past times. And in something you can understand our ancestors, and modern more manner representatives of the beautiful gender, which scares only one type of these funny creatures on the TV screens.
The muzzle resembles a pork stall with large ears, like that of the Blacks from all the well-known Soviet filmms "Evening on the farm near Dikanka" performed by the city of Millar. And two fanging outstanding from the upper jaw can cause even greater fear and distrust.
It must be said that, despite the very poor eyesight, these creatures are pretty shocks and fine-oriented in space during the flight. Echolocation helps them, that is, the ability to capture the reflection of ultrasound pulses from the objects of the environment.
These animals feed in the main insects, which they catch in flight with extraordinary dexterity. Tropical bats are also eating fruit in food, there are among them and vampire bloodshots. However, let us come back to our insectivorous night fellow.
Bats are more useful for human animals. Harm on their part can consist only in the transfer of some dangerous diseases, but this, again, to a greater extent touches tropical species.
Especially appreciated the benefits of bats in rural areas, where, overnight, the flock of these creatures is able to be very decently submitting the farmer eternally suffering from harmful insects.
Also, these creepy flyers perform the function of the pollinator of plants, transferring to the pollen of the plants and spreading it along the extensive area.
Winter hibernate mice
You can wonder why in winter it is impossible to see the flame trees of bats in the night frost darkness as in the summer. In fact, the question is not too appropriate, because these creatures do not tolerate cold weather.
In addition, these are insectivorous animals and, in addition to the inadmissible temperature of the street medium, they face the problem of loss of power supply.
Most species of bats, the bats, for example, with the occurrence of autumn colds, leave those places where residents and fed in the summer, and carry out migration into laughter latles, like the southern regions of China and other Asian countries, where in the winter season is much softer and the temperature is not Sleeps below 2-3 degrees above zero.
But some types of these night hunters, such as night lights and ears, are manifested by real patriotism and remain in wintering.
At the same time, they stop all active activities and fall into winter hibernation. But I must say that this is not a bearish disobedic winter. Bats can wake up from time to time in order to evaluate the situation, especially if it does not have to continue to stay in the insidency selected for wintering.
But still, in the absence of irritating factors, these animals can fall into deep anabiosis, and sleep without 2-5 months. At the same time, the biorhythm of their lives slows down very sharply. The heart rate frequency is reduced by 50 times (!), And the body temperature drops to 4 degrees, while the animal can do one breath in 10-15 seconds.
The immersion in anabiosis in the bats has an exceptionally protective "adaptable" nature. That is, this is the physiological fitness of the body to change its life rhythm during adverse life conditions. So they survive during the lack of food and low temperatures.
As a winter shelter, sleeping volatile mice can serve a hollow trees, attic houses, caves and dungeons, empty mines, insulated cellar and vegetable stores. Simply put, they are required inaccessible to other lively creatures place with a temperature of not lower than 8 degrees, without drafts and with high humidity.
The duration of the hibernation can fluctuate from different types from 2-2.5 months to six months, and even longer.
Wintering bats are usually large families, clinging to the paws for something horizontal, hanging down her head and wrapped himself with wings. If you take a sleeping animal in your hands, you might think that he is dead. But after a while, stealing in warm hands, he will understand that he got into trouble, and will definitely try to escape. Being released, he will again join his sleeping fellow.
The bats have excellent memory, and they perfectly remember the location of the cave or that attic, where they managed to safely overreim the last cold period. They really establish a very strong attachment to the familiar hibernation.
And it is not only about a specific geographic point on the locality map. Moreover, researchers managed to notice that awakened bat is trying to take the place in the "winter apartment", where she slept until awakening.
When asked when the bats after the earthly anabiosis wake up, we note that much depends on the species and specific circumstances. More resistant to cooling representatives of the manwork detachment can wake up in March if the beginning of spring is not too winter and frosty. More thermal-loving species, like a nightpoint, can sleep somewhat longer, until mid-May, especially if the winter was protracted.
At the same time, waking up, some time of animals shakes, as it may seem from the side. They are trembling like in a fever, however, this is not at all because the bat will grumble. No, so they have a heated body after winter anabea.
By contraction of the muscles, the animals very quickly and sharply increase the temperature of their body from several degrees to 30. After that, the bat begins his new summer season of active work and reproduction.
Take care of our smaller brothers
It should be said that the period of winter hooks, especially in urban conditions, is the most dangerous and risky period in the life of bats. People often find their "winter apartments" and ruin them, kicking away the semi-mounted animals to the cold, from which they are pretty fast.
Also sin with such affairs multiple researchers of caves and dungeons, especially where they are historical, cultural or material interest.
Sleepy bats in winter are absolutely defenseless, and their destruction during the hibernation period can be called a crime.
In general, a person, as always, harms himself.
Conclusion
So we got acquainted with such wonderful and pretty creation like a bat.
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