Taimyr reserve: animals, birds and plants. Natural and climatic conditions and mineral resource base Which natural zone does the Taimyr Peninsula belong to?

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Taimyr (Dolgano-Nenets) Autonomous Okrug - Wikipedia:

Date of abolition of the Taimyr (Dolgano-Nenets) Autonomous Okrug: September 13, 1937
Population of the former Taimyr Autonomous Okrug: 38372 people
The area of ​​the former Taimyr Autonomous Okrug: 879.9 thousand km²

Former districts of the abolished Taimyr (Dolgan-Nenets) Autonomous Okrug:

Avamsky district Dikson district Dudinsky district Ust-Yeniseysky district Khatangsky district

Taimyr Autonomous District existed until 2007; from January 1, 2007 - Taimyr Dolgano-Nenets District of Krasnoyarsk Territory.

Taimyr Autonomous District- one of the subjects of Russia, which is located in the Arctic Circle. The territory of the Okrug is washed by the Laptev Sea and the Red Sea. The northernmost point of Russia is located there - Cape Chelyuskin.

The administrative center of the district is the city Dudinka, whose population is only 32 thousand people. Such large rivers of Russia as the Yenisei and Khatanga flow through the territory of this region.

Climate of Taimyr Autonomous Okrug arctic and very harsh. The average temperature in summer is from +2 to +13, and in winter - - 30 C. Therefore, the Taimyr District was uninhabited for a long time.

The fauna of the district is especially diverse. The rarest species of predators and mammals live there - reindeer, polar bear, wolverine, sable, etc. In the waters of the seas that wash the shores of the district, you can see bearded seals, walruses and seals.

Within the Taimyr National District (Krasnoyarsk Territory). Its extreme protrusion in the north is Cape Chelyuskin, the southern boundary of Taimyr is the northern ledge. Its length is about 1000 kilometers, its width is more than 500 kilometers. The area of ​​the peninsula is about 400 thousand km2. The coast of Taimyr is heavily indented.

By the nature of the surface, the peninsula is divided into 3 parts:

• (between the northern scarp of the Central Siberian plateau and the southern scarp of the Byrranga mountains), composed of a thick layer of sandy-clay deposits and characterized by a gently ridged (in the northern part is Lake Taimyr).
• Byrranga mountains, stretching from southwest to northeast from the Pyasina basin to the coast in several parallel chains. Height up to 1146 m. ​​Traces of Quaternary glaciation, in the eastern part - modern glaciation (an area of ​​about 40 square kilometers).
• Coastal plain stretched along the coast. hilly-flat. The largest rivers are Pyasina, Upper and Lower Taimyra, and Khatanga. tundra, gley, etc. harsh, ubiquitous. Tundra vegetation; in the south - woodland.

North Siberian (Taimyr) lowland - lowland in the northern part of the Taimyr (Dolgan-Nenets) district of Krasnoyarsk Territory and Yakutia. With a width of about 600 km, it stretches for 1.4 thousand kilometers between the sections of the rivers and Olenek. The North Siberian Lowland is characterized by a gently sloping relief with heights of up to 300 meters.

The North Siberian Lowland is composed of marine and sediments, sandstones and shales. There are oil fields on its territory,. There are many lakes on the territory of the lowland, the largest is Taimyr Lake. Significant areas are waterlogged. In the northern part of the lowland,. In the southern part there is sparse larch forest.

The Byrranga mountain range stretches along the peninsula, formed by a system of parallel or en-echelon chains and vast undulating plateaus. The Byrranga Mountains stretch for 1,100 km and are over 200 km wide. The valleys of the Pyasina and Taimyra rivers divide the Byrranga mountains into 3 parts - western, middle and eastern with heights of 250-320 m, 400-600 m and 600-1000 m (the highest height is 1146 m). They are composed of rocks of the Precambrian and Paleozoic age, among which traps (igneous rocks folded in the form of steps) play an important role.

The climate in the mountains is cold, sharply continental (average January temperature -30 ° С, -33 ° С, July 2 ° С, 10 ° С). Spring begins in June, and in August the average daily diurnal drops below 0 ° С. falls from 120 to 400 mm per year. In the east there are glaciers (with a total area of ​​over 50 km2). The mountains are covered with the characteristic rocky arctic tundra; mosses and lichens predominate.

Lake Taimyr is connected to the Taimyr River. Before it flows into the lake, it is called Verkhnyaya Taimyr (length 567 km), and after leaving it - Nizhnyaya Taimyr (187 km). Lake Taimyr is the northernmost real large lake in the world. It is located far beyond the Arctic Circle, at the foot of the Byrranga Mountains. The extreme northern point of the lake is at 76 degrees. The lake is covered with ice for most of the year (from late September to June). in August it rises to + 8 ° С, in winter - slightly above zero.

Taimyr Peninsula

There are many located near the coast of the peninsula. These islands are partly low, partly high, round, precipitous, rocky, some of them have small glaciers. The coastal capes are partly low-lying, partly rocky. The shores of the peninsula itself are also steep in places, they plummet into the sea washing them, in places they are low-lying and slopes, although in a short distance from these low shores mountains rise, consisting of horizontally lying layers of sedimentary rocks.

To the east of Cape Chelyuskin, a mountainous country adjoins the sea coast, then a lowland extends for a considerable distance, and then again a mountainous country appears with low and gentle shores between it and the sea. The sea near the coast of the peninsula is generally shallow, in some places there are extensive shoals. Almost every summer in July and August this sea is accessible for swimming, although there are small ice fields and large hummocks and stamukis (single ice blocks) here.

There is no doubt that the area of ​​the peninsula was once the seabed. Middendorf found sea shells near the Lower Taimyr River, currently living in. The northernmost part of the peninsula is covered with snow almost all year round. Summer here is no longer than 6 weeks, and even at this time there are snowy ones. The peninsula is covered with tundra and except for the southern part. The first studies of the Taimyr Peninsula, or rather its coastline, were carried out in the 40s of the 18th century by Russian scientists: Sterlegov, Laptev, Pronchishchev, Chekin and Chelyuskin, in the 40s of the 19th by Academician Middendorf, and the coast of the peninsula and the surrounding sea were explored in 1878 and 1893.

Lake Taimyr is located on the Taimyr Peninsula, located between the Kara Sea and the Laptev Sea. There is an assumption that the word “taimyr” among the ancient Tungus meant “rich or valuable”. If we consider that the Tungus meant the wealth of lakes, then they were right, since there are indeed a lot of lakes on the territory of the peninsula. Lake Taimyr is the largest and ranks second after Lake Baikal in terms of its size.

This lake is located at the foot of the Byrranga Mountains. From Lake Taimyr flows the river Lower Taimyr, which flows into the Kara Sea, and feeds the lake with water from the Upper Taimyr, which carries its waters to the lake.

Taimyr Lake Map (click to enlarge)

Where is Lake Taimyr located? See the map above.

Lake Taimyr can be called a record-breaking lake, since it is the only lake on our planet that occupies the northernmost position far beyond the Arctic Circle.

The lake basin of this lake was formed as a result of glacier activity, so the maximum depth of the lake does not exceed 26 meters.

The northern part of the lake is located in the permafrost zone, so the reservoir has been covered with a thick two-meter layer of ice for more than nine months. Over such a long period, more than eighty percent of the lake's water surface freezes to the very bottom. Less than three months, the lake is free of ice cover, but this period can not be called favorable. At this time, storms and hurricane winds are raging over the lake. The northern shores of the lake are composed of rocks that are easily eroded. Therefore, in this part of the lake, landslides often occur.

Lake Taimyr, like most water bodies in Siberia, is characterized by sharp drops in water level, reaching up to seven meters in the lake.

The northern position of the lake determines the temperature regime of this territory. The average annual temperature here does not exceed -13 o, and in July the highest temperature is only 12 o. In this region, polar night and polar day are common. Due to the harsh conditions, these places are not inhabited by people, so there are no settlements here. The only habitable place once was a weather station.

However, some representatives of the animal and plant world have adapted to the harsh conditions here. The waters of the lake are rich in omul, burbot, grayling and vendace; there are Siberian mason goby, muksun, broad and whitefish. Swans, ducks and geese, peregrine falcon and Upland Buzzards have chosen these places. During the short summer, the birds manage to raise offspring, and with the onset of cold weather they fly to the south.

The Taimyr Peninsula is the northernmost peninsula in Asia, located between the Yenisei Bay of the Kara Sea and the Khatanga Bay of the Laptev Sea, within the Taimyr National District (Krasnoyarsk Territory). Its extreme protrusion in the north is Cape Chelyuskin; the southern boundary of Taimyr is the northern scarp of the Central Siberian Plateau. Its length is about 1000 kilometers, its width is more than 500 kilometers. The area of ​​the peninsula is about 400 thousand km2. The coast of Taimyr is heavily indented.
The Taimyr Peninsula is located far beyond the Arctic Circle, on the icy edge of the Great Siberian River. Taimyr is unique in many respects, it boggles the human imagination with its scale - almost 1000 km in latitude and the same in longitude!

The history of the development of Taimyr is fascinatingly interesting. Discoverers and conquerors of the North ... How many legendary, sometimes tragic events are associated with these sparse laconic words! The first Russian pioneers appeared on Taimyr at the beginning of the 17th century.

Daredevils went here for "soft junk" - furs. In 1667, on the northern Yenisei, the modest settlement of Dudinka arose - now the capital of the vast Taimyr national district.

And the Great Northern Expedition of the 18th century! ... The glorious names of Vasily Pronchishchev, the Laptev brothers, Semyon Chelyuskin, Fyodor Minin and many others are associated with it.

A hundred years later, the great natural scientist A.F. Middendorf. Later, other famous explorers of the Arctic also visited the sea shores of Taimyr: A. Nordenskjold, E. Toll, F. Nansen.

In 1918, another legendary polar explorer, R. Amundsen, spent the winter off the northern shores of Taimyr.

The great Russian explorer, the legend Nikifor Begichev, admires his exploits. Many significant events in Taimyr are associated with this fearless man. He discovered unknown islands in Khatanga Bay, later named after him, actively participated in Arctic expeditions, saved them more than once, selflessly sought and found tragically dead polar explorers. And he himself was buried in the Taimyr land.

At the beginning of the 30s. polar researchers G.A. Ushakov and N.N. Urvantsev first entered the Severnaya Zemlya and described it in detail.
Source http://www.tallom.ru/taimir/ex4.html

The Byrranga mountain range stretches along the peninsula, formed by a system of parallel or en-echelon chains and vast undulating plateaus. The Byrranga Mountains stretch for 1,100 km and are over 200 km wide. The valleys of the Pyasina and Taimyra rivers divide the Byrranga mountains into 3 parts - western, middle and eastern with heights of 250-320 m, 400-600 m and 600-1000 m (the highest height is 1146 m). They are composed of rocks of the Precambrian and Paleozoic age, among which traps (igneous rocks folded in the form of steps) play an important role.

The climate in the mountains is cold, sharply continental (average January temperature -30 ° С, -33 ° С, July 2 ° С, 10 ° С). Spring begins in June, and in August the average daily temperatures drop below 0 ° C. Precipitation falls from 120 to 400 mm per year. In the east there are glaciers (with a total area of ​​over 50 km2). The mountains are covered with vegetation typical of the rocky arctic tundra; mosses and lichens predominate.

Lake Taimyr is connected to the Taimyr River. Before it flows into the lake, it is called Verkhnyaya Taimyr (length 567 km), and after leaving it - Nizhnyaya Taimyr (187 km). Lake Taimyr is the northernmost real large lake in the world. It is located far beyond the Arctic Circle, at the foot of the Byrranga Mountains. The extreme northern point of the lake is at 76 degrees north latitude. The lake is covered with ice for most of the year (from late September to June). The water temperature in August rises to + 8 ° С, in winter - slightly above zero.

There are many islands near the coast of the peninsula. These islands are partly low, partly high, round, precipitous, rocky, some of them have small glaciers. The coastal capes are partly low-lying, partly rocky. The shores of the peninsula itself are also steep in places, they plummet into the sea washing them, in places they are low-lying and slopes, although in a short distance from these low shores mountains rise, consisting of horizontally lying layers of sedimentary rocks.

To the east of Cape Chelyuskin, a mountainous country adjoins the sea coast, then a lowland extends for a considerable distance, and then again a mountainous country appears with low and gentle shores between it and the sea. The sea near the coast of the peninsula is generally shallow, in some places there are extensive shoals. Almost every summer in July and August this sea is accessible for swimming, although there are small ice fields and large hummocks and stamukis (single ice blocks) here.

There is no doubt that the area of ​​the peninsula was once the seabed. Middendorf found sea shells near the Lower Taimyr River, currently living in the Arctic Ocean. The northernmost part of the peninsula is covered with snow almost all year round. Summer here is no longer than 6 weeks, and at this time there are snowstorms. The peninsula is covered with tundra and except for the southern part. The first studies of the Taimyr Peninsula, or rather its coastline, were carried out in the 40s of the 18th century by Russian scientists: Sterlegov, Laptev, Pronchishchev, Chekin and Chelyuskin, in the 40s of the 19th by Academician Middendorf, and the coast of the peninsula and the sea surrounding it were explored by Nordenskjold in 1878 and Nansen in 1893.
Source: http://geography.kz/slovar/tajmyr/

The Taimyr State Natural Reserve was established on February 23, 1979 by the Resolution of the Council of Ministers of the RSFSR. Due to organizational difficulties, he began to actually function in 1985.

The Taimyr reserve has a cluster character and consists of 4 sections - the Main tundra territory in the Khatanga and Dikson districts of the Taimyr Autonomous Okrug, the Ary-Mas, Lukunsky and Arktichesky sections and a buffer zone in the Khatanga district of the Taimyr Autonomous District. The sites of the reserve cover more than 4 degrees in latitude and represent forest-tundra zones, subzones of southern, typical and arctic lowland tundras, as well as mountain tundra of the Byrranga mountains and the marine area of ​​the Laptev Sea bays.

The main purpose of organizing the reserve was the preservation and study of natural lowland and mountain tundra ecosystems in the Main Tundra Territory and the world's northernmost woodlands in the Ary-Mas and Lukunsky areas. Particular attention was also paid to the protection of the endemic of Russia - the red-breasted goose and the world's largest Taimyr population of wild reindeer.

In 1995, by the decision of the MAB UNESCO, the Taimyr Reserve received the status of a biosphere reserve. There is a cooperation agreement with NP "Schleswig-Holstein Wattenmeer" (Germany, Netherlands). Directly near the western border of the reserve there is a wetland of international importance "Delta of the Gorbita River", the lower reaches of the Upper Taimyr is included in the perspective list of the Ramsar Convention.

The reserve houses the Museum of Ethnography and Nature, where collections of cultural objects and everyday life of the indigenous peoples of Taimyr are collected, various expositions on the nature of the reserve are made, there is a paleontological collection, and video films are shown. On the basis of the museum, classes are conducted with schoolchildren.

Up to a thousand people visit the museum per year - local residents, specialists who come to work in the reserve, tourists. On the borders of the reserve there are 2 tourist routes "Byrranga Mountains" and "In the footsteps of N.N. Urvantsev", which, due to the very high cost of transport, are visited almost exclusively by foreign tourists.

ingwardust.narod.ru,

What was the main and deeply personal goal of the expeditions for them? Maybe “the severity of memories, where rivers, hills, sweat, cold, blood, fatigue, dreams and a holy sense of the necessary work are mixed” (a quote from Oleg Kuvaev’s novel “Territory”)? .. The first Russian people visited Taimyr at the beginning XVII century. - in order to buy "soft junk", that is, furs. Apparently, they succeeded, because in 1667 the village of Dudinka appeared on the map of the peninsula, now the administrative center and the main port of Taimyr. The Great Northern Expedition - this was the name of the campaign for the development of the North in 1733-1743: several campaigns along the Arctic coast of Siberia ("Second Kamchatka Expedition", "Siberian-Pacific", "Siberian"), the purpose of which was to pave a sea route to the Far East, simultaneously exploring the territories adjacent to the Arctic Ocean. The composition of the campaign participants was divided into nine independent units. The Lena-Yenisei detachment of forty people under the command of Vasily Pronchishchev (1702-1736) with the navigator Semyon Chelyuskin (1700-1764) in the summer of 1735 on a double-dinghy "Yakutsk" reached the mouth of the Olenek River, where they hibernated for damage to the bottom of the vessel. In the summer of the next year, Pronchishchev from the Khatanga Bay passed along the eastern coast of Taimyr to the north. Having reached the cape, which was later named after him, Pronchishchev ordered to take the opposite course. On August 29, he broke his leg and died on the same day. And two weeks later, his wife Tatyana, the world's first female polar explorer (born in 1713), also died, as her comrades understood, from longing for her husband. In total, Pronchishchev's expedition managed to cover 500 km from Khatanga Bay to Thaddeya Bay. The command was taken over by Chelyuskin, his group managed to reach the northernmost point of the peninsula, which now bears his name. In 1739-1741, traveling on the same heroic boat "Yakutsk", Khariton Laptev (1700-1763) explored Taimyr and made the most accurate description and map at that time. The southwestern coast of the peninsula was named the coast of Khariton Laptev, and when the Laptev Sea was named, this honor was given along with Khariton and his cousin Dmitry, also a polar explorer who rose to the rank of vice admiral.
Another prominent figure among the researchers of Taimyr, whose name is immortalized on the map, is Nikifor Begichev (1874-1927), who was twice awarded the Great Gold Medal of the Russian Academy of Sciences. As a boatswain, he participated in the polar expedition of Eduard Toll on the schooner Zarya to explore the New Siberian Islands in 1900-1902. In this expedition, Toll went missing, and in 1903 Begichev went in search of him, narrowly escaped death and saved his commander Alexander Kolchak. In the summer of 1906, he again went to Taimyr, to Dudinka, and took up the fur trade, but the researcher in him turned out to be stronger than the merchant. In 1908, at the mouth of the Khatanga and Anabar rivers, which flow into the Laptev Sea, he discovered the islands, now bearing the names of Bolshoy Begichev and Maly Begichev. In 1915, he evacuated sailors from the ice-covered barque "Eclipse", which was looking for the missing expeditions of Brusilov and Rusanov, and then from the icebreakers "Taimyr" and "Vaigach" stuck off the north-western shores of Taimyr. On this expedition, Begichev and his comrades went through places where no European had yet set foot. In 1921 he took part in the Soviet-Norwegian expedition to search for two members of the expedition of Roald Amundsen who had disappeared in Taimyr in 1918-1920 on the schooner "Maud" and discovered the remains of one of them. In 1922, as part of the expedition of Nikolai Urvantsev, Begichev went down by boat on the Pyasina River and on Dixon Island discovered the remains of another satellite of Amundsen. In the village of Dikson in 1964, a monument was erected to Nikifor Begichev. Much in this village today, alas, has fallen into disrepair, but this monument is in order.

Alexander Middendorf (1815-1894) did at least four important things for the development of Taimyr: he improved the maps of Chelyuskin and Laptev based on his own studies of the peninsula, discovered the Putorana plateau, was the first to formulate the regularities of the Siberian climate, and also determined the geophysical boundaries of the perennial ( "Permafrost") permafrost. Near the Lower Taimyra River, Middendorf in the 1840s collected in the upper soil layer (permafrost thaws only 30 cm) many shells of sea mollusks, this proved his own theory that the peninsula rose from the depths of the Arctic Ocean. The famous polar explorers, the Swede A. Nordenskjold in 1878 and the Norwegian F. Nansen in 1993, took up the baton from him as an explorer of the Taimyr coasts. Geologist Nikolai Urvantsev (1893-1985) devoted his entire life to science in Taimyr in the region of the Norilskaya river, a deposit of coal, significant in terms of reserves. And next year - a deposit of copper-nickel ores with a high platinum content. Despite these merits, Urvantsev served two terms in the "correctional" camps: 15 and 8 years, one of them, ironically, in Norillag. But this did not prevent the "pest", Doctor of Geological and Mineralogical Sciences, after his release, to continue his work on the development of the bowels of Taimyr and other northern regions of Russia, the Norilsk ore deposit could begin to benefit the country much earlier. Back in the XVI-XVII centuries. the inhabitants of Mangazeya, a West Siberian city on the Taz River, traded in copper products smelted from Norilsk ore, this was proved by archaeological and chemical research in 1972-1975. To the place of occurrence, the Mangazeans walked along the river, undoubtedly knowing exactly what they were after. Tsar Mikhail Fedorovich Romanov in 1619, under pain of death, banned sailing on Siberian rivers. For what reasons, it is not known exactly, although there are different versions, but he was clearly afraid of something, at least as the ruler acted extremely short-sighted and short-sighted. The city fell into decay and disappeared. But Urvantsev knew about Mangazeya and did not let this knowledge go to waste.
The folklore of its indigenous peoples proves that one cannot survive without the ability not to surrender in the North. They have a complicated relationship with civilization and in our time, they hardly socialize, trusting only nature in everything. This is their choice, but for those of the disinterested collectors of folklore who have studied it - and there are such enthusiasts in Taimyr, fortunately, there are - a wise and harmonious world opens up. In Norilsk and Dudinka, thematic exhibitions of the art of indigenous peoples are often held, scientific research is carried out, in which specialists Dolgans, Evenks, and Nenets take part. Thanks to them, we can today find out how these people see their land, what they have learned from the experience of their people. Here, for example, are two proverbs of the Nganasans: "Hands that do not like to work, do not keep warm in mittens", "Don't put patches on your clothes when partridges are walking on the willows." And here is how I.S. Braginsky in the book "Worlds and Tales of the Nganasans" (a speech about the competition of young people): "Sitting on both sides of their chosen one, they composed their allegorical songs - improvisation, competing in wit. The one who, not understanding the allegorical text of his opponent, could not answer it, was considered defeated and presented the winner with some kind of metal decoration. " The riddles of the Dolgans, with their laconic figurative form, suggest a resemblance to the Japanese couplet hokku: “A herd of deer feeds around the lake” (teeth), “Frost does not stick to a strong tree” (deer antlers). Shamanic songs-incantations during rituals, if you learn to understand their signs, are a whole program of the path to the light. A shaman for native northerners is both a confessor, a judge, and a teacher. It has always been this way, and it will probably be so in the future.

general information

Peninsula in the north of the Asian part of Russia.
Administrative affiliation: the peninsula is part of the Taimyr District of the Krasnoyarsk Territory of the Russian Federation (until 2007 - the Taimyr Dolgan-Nenets Autonomous District).
Administrative divisions: 4 municipal districts - the village of Dikson (within the boundaries of the Dikson district), the village of Dudinka (within the boundaries of the municipal entity “the city of Dudinka and the territory subordinated to the city administration”), the rural settlement of the village of Karaul (within the boundaries of the Ust-Yenisei district), the rural settlement of Khatanga (within borders of the Khatanga region).
Administrative center: Dudinka (25,200 people, 2010).
Languages: Russian, in places of compact residence of indigenous peoples - Nganasan, Dolgan, Nenets, Evenk.
Ethnic composition: Russians - 58.6%, Dolgans - 13.9%, Nenets - 7.7%, Nganasans - 1.9%, Evenks - 0.8%, Enets - 0.5%, Ukrainians, Tatars, Belarusians, Azerbaijanis and others - 16.6%.
Religions: Orthodoxy, Islam, animism, shamanism.
The largest settlements of the Taimyr region (outside the territory of the peninsula): Dudinka, Khatanga, total settlements - 28. The city, which, although surrounded by the lands of the Taimyr region, is not included in it, administratively - a city of regional subordination. However, Norilsk is closely connected with the rest of Taimyr by infrastructure and cultural relations.
Largest rivers:(lower reaches), Pyasina, Upper and Lower Taimyr, Khatanga.
Largest lakes: Taimyr, Portnyagino, Kungasalakh, Labaz, Kokora.
Largest bays: Middendorf, Pyasinsky, Simsa. Taimyrsky, Teresa Klavenes, Thaddea, Maria Pronchischeva Bay.
The most important ports: Dudinka, Khatanga.
Major airports: in Norilsk (Alykel) and Dudinka.

Numbers

Area: the peninsula itself is about 400 km 2, the Taimyr region - 879 900 kmg (it also includes the Arctic archipelagos of Nordenskjold and Severnaya Zemlya, the islands of Sibiryakov, Uedineniya, Sergei Kirov and others).
Population: Taimyr District - 34 400 people. (2010); Norilsk - 230 100 people (2009).
Population density in the area: 0.039 people / km 2.
Length of the peninsula: from north to south - 1000 km, from west to east - more than 500 km.
Highest point: is located in the Byrranga mountain range (1146 m).

Economy

Industry of the Taimyr region (mainly outside the borders of the peninsula): food, fuel, power engineering. Their share in the industrial production of Taimyr is 96.4%.
Agriculture: reindeer breeding, 18 state unitary agricultural enterprises and 159 peasant farms. More than 30 oil and gas fields have been discovered on the territory of the region (the most significant of them are Messoyakhskoye, Pelyatkinskoye, Suzunskoye, Tagulskoye, Payyakhskoye, Vankorskoye). The main gold resources belong to the geological Taimyr-Severozemelskaya gold-bearing province in the northern part of the peninsula.

Climate and weather

Sharply continental, the peninsula is located beyond the Arctic Circle, many Atlantic cyclones end their existence above it.
Long cold winters with temperatures down to -60 ° C and below and short cool summers.
At the extreme northern point of the peninsula - Cape Chelyuskin - the average annual air temperature is -14.1 ° С, the average temperature in January is -27.7 ° С, in July + 1.5 ° С.
In Dudinka, the average temperatures are equal, respectively:-10.1 ° C; -28.5 ° C; + 13.2 ° C.
In Khatanga: -13.2 ° C; -38.0 ° C; + 13.1 ° C.
Average annual rainfall: 400 mm, snowstorm often sweeps in winter, sometimes lasting up to two weeks.

sights

■ Dudinka: Taimyr Museum of Local Lore (74 thousand exhibits and a modern art project "Fish of Happiness"), the Center of Folk Art, the Memorial Museum of the Dolgan artist Boris Molchanov, the House of Culture, where the Taimyr Song and Dance Ensemble of the Peoples of the North "Kheiro" is based and gives performances (in addition, often touring abroad) and the Dudinsky Chamber Theater;
■ Khatanga: Mammoth Museum;
■ Dixon: monument to Nikifor Begichev;
■ Cape Chelyuskin: a natural quartz block with a diameter of almost three meters, next to it is a stone pyramid, built by members of the expedition of Roald Amundsen in 1919;
■: established in 1979, opened in 1985, consists of five clusters, the title of biosphere was awarded to it by UNESCO in 1995. On the territory of the reserve there is the Museum of Nature and Ethnography. Museum of Ogduo Aksenova, Dolgan poet and author of the Dolgan primer;
■ Natural reserve Putoransky(located slightly south of the peninsula, founded in 1988) - a UNESCO World Natural Heritage Site.

Curious facts

■ In 1850, a bow battle took place near Lake Turuchedo in Taimyr. Nenets tribes fought with the Enets. Tungus (Evenks) and Nganasans. The conflict arose over habitats. The Nenets were defeated, but a peace agreement was concluded, according to which they were allowed to live in a small territory on the right bank of the Yenisei
■ Translated from the Nganasan language, the name of the Byrranga mountains means: tori, from which rivers with large stones flow, between which there are valleys where mosses and lichens grow. "
■ Lake Taimyr during the spring flood becomes the fourth largest lake in Russia after Lake Baikal, Ladoga and Onega.
■ The mythical “Golden Woman” (presumably, this is a gold statue of the goddess Juno, taken from Rome by barbarians) enthusiasts are looking for all over Siberia. It is known that Yermak Timofeevich was still looking for her. According to Taimyr legends, it is hidden somewhere on the Putorana plateau and is guarded by “wild” Evenks.