Greece is a picturesque Balkan country with a rich culture, delicious cuisine and a very long history. The modern state is located in the territory where the center of the Great Antique Civilization was once located. What is the country now? What are the Square of Greece, her climate and economy? All details about the country you will learn later.
Geographical position
Greece belongs to the countries of Southern Europe. It is located on the very south of the Balkan Peninsula, as well as the islands nearest to it. On land, the country is surrounded by Bulgaria, Macedonia and Albania, and Turkey has both land and sea border.
Sea, washing Greece (Ionian, Mediterranean, Aegean and Libyan), belong to the Atlantic Ocean Basin. The coastline is extended by 15 thousand kilometers. The total area of \u200b\u200bGreece is 131,944 km 2. Geographically, the state is divided into three large areas:
- Mainland Greece and Ionian Islands.
- Peloponnese Peninsula.
- Islands of the Aegean Sea.
The mainland includes the central region, Greek Macedonia, Frakia, Fessel, Epir. The medieval mountain relief is dominated here. Rocky mountains alternate with valleys, and on the coast with bays and lagoons.
A narrow Corinthian experiencing connects the main part of the country with a peloponnese. Its width is only 6 kilometers. Previously, he separated the Ionian and Aegean seas, but in the XIX century there was a channel that joined the reservoirs for the convenience of shipping.
In the Middle Ages, the peninsula was called sea. It is located in the southwest of the country, ranking 22,200 km 2. Its shores are very raised, and from above the peninsula resembles a sheet of some plant.
Islands
Approximately 20% of Greece area falls on the islands. They cover the territory of 24,800 km 2. The entire islands are about 3,000, some of them are combined into archipelago. The settlements are only 230. All islands are divided into groups:
- Crete.
- Northern sprays and evones.
- Dodecanese.
- Cyclades.
- Northern Aegean Islands.
- Ionian islands.
The biggest island of Greece is Crete, the second after him is Eviemy. Crete is also one of the largest in the Mediterranean and the most popular tourist island of the country. It was originally originated by the oldest mined civilization in Europe.
Lesbos - the third in size in Greece. It refers to the North Aegean Islands, which are located next to the Turkish shore. Many famous names are connected with Lesbosa, including the Sappo poets and Poets.
Rhodes belong to the Dodecanese Archipelago and Rhodes belongs to the number of the largest islands. He is called "Pearl of Greece" because of the incredibly beautiful nature and many preserved monuments of antiquity. The old part of his main city was even included in UNESCO cultural heritage list.
Climate
Greece climate is presented with moderate, alpine and Mediterranean type. The Mediterranean subtropical type is characterized from the central regions and Peloponnese to Crete and the islands of Dodecanese. Winter is soft and wet here, and the summer is dry and roast. The most favorable conditions are the island of Rhodes, which is the most fertile in the country.
The climate of Greece on the mainland is determined by relief. In the local mountains, he is an alpine type. The pind ridge separating the fun and Epirus affects the amount of precipitation in these regions. So, the slopes of Epirus get much more moisture than the Fessels of the slopes, populated in the East.
Alpine climate acts in the mountains of Western Macedonia, Central Greece, Achei, Laconia and Arcadia. In Eastern Macedonia and Frakia, climatic conditions are moderate subtropical with cool wet winter and dry hot summer.
Sunny days about 300 per year. At night in the summer, breeze appears on the coasts, making the air with a cooler. On the islands, the resort season lasts from April to October, on the mainland, especially in the northern part, he is shorter - from May to September.
Nature
Mountains occupy approximately 4/5 of the entire area of \u200b\u200bGreece, so the soil and vegetation on most of the territory are replaced by zonal. The mountains contain many limestone, why the soil is not too suitable for the economy. In the plains, they are more fertile, but quickly dry into hot periods.
People influenced the nature of modern Greece. The region was populated before our era. Continuous cutting of forests and transformation into pastures and gardens, as well as wild animal hunting at times reduced the variety of local flora and fauna.
More than 6 thousand plants grows in the country. These are mainly shrubs (McWis, Frigan, etc.). In the foothills and plains, deciduous and coniferous forests grow, today they occupy only 12% of the country's area. In Greece, you can see olive trees, oaks, beech, black spruce, fir and plane.
The animal world is much more poor than floral. The country is best preserved small mammals and reptiles, such as hares, dickerages, badgers, mice, snakes and lizards. From large animals there are bears, sacking, wild boars, lynx. The noble deer is almost completely exterminated by man. In local waters, the red-born seals monks and Carette turtles.
History of Greece
From the history of this Balkan state, we usually remember the classic or "golden" period (VI-IV centuries. BC). It was then that antique policies appeared with majestic temples and sculptures, spacious squares, houses with sewage and heating. Art, architecture, science and philosophy of that time have influenced the development of European civilization.
But people inhabited the territory of the country much earlier. From the III-II millennium BC. e. Not the Greek population lived here. It was a developed Aegean civilization. Later it was captured and assimilated, who came here, the ancient Greek tribes of the Ahaeis, Ionians, Doriytsev. The arrival of the latter came dark centuries described in Gomer's poems.
Culture and language decline, but over time the navigation develops, which contributes to the geographical position of Greece. Active trade leads to the expansion of possessions, the emergence of trade and craft centers, economic and social flourishing.
In 146 BC. Greece is captured by the Roman Empire, and after her decay, it enters the Byzantine Empire. In the Middle Ages, many different kingdoms, dukes, principalities and counties are formed on its territory. And from the XV to the XIX century, Greek lands are included in the Ottoman Empire.
In 1821, Greece proclaims its independence, conflict with Turkey to the end of the First World War. In the 40s, military coups and civil wars followed, after which the country took a democratic course. In 1981, Greece entered the European Union.
Economy
At the end of World War II, the Greek economy experienced a strong rise. In the 2000s, it was part of the 30-ku developed countries of the world. In the last years, she is experiencing a crisis and returned to the status of developing states. External debt in 2010 amounted to more than $ 300 billion.
This is an industrial-agricultural country in which the main sectors are metallurgy, chemical, textile, food and extractive industry. Production is developing at the average level, and agriculture is mainly represented by small private farms. Olives, soy, tobacco, wheat, barley, vegetables, citrus, grapes are grown in the country.
A quarter of GDP is tourism. Every year it is visited by about 20 million people. About 17% of the country's population works in the service sector. Greece's economy is also shipping. Foreign courts are allowed to register under the flags of the country, so that the Greek Fleet is the third in the world in terms of numbers.
Population
The population of Greece is 10, 853 million people, and is characterized by a negative increase. Only for 2016 it decreased by almost 45,000 people. The population relates to a decreasing or aging type - most residents (66%) have age from 15 to 65 years, and residents under 15 years of age are only 14%.
The country can be considered mono-ethnic, about 93% of the Greece population represent the Greeks. In addition, Turks, Gypsies, Pomaks, Albanians, Armenians, Serbs, Jews and Arabs live in it. About 4 million ethnic Greeks live outside the state, mainly in Australia, USA and Canada.
According to the Constitution, the leading religion in Greece is the East Orthodox Church of Christ. The population of several Aegean Islands professes Catholicism, Muslims live in Frakia and Dodecan Islands. Separate groups profess Protestantism, Greek neo-Ownership, Judaism. About 30,000 people are witnesses from Jehovah.
Athens
There is no clear administrative division into cities and villages in the country. To one or another group they are referred from the number of residents. The largest cities of Greece: Athens, Thessaloniki, Patras, Larisa, Hair, Heraklion, Akharnes.
Athens is the capital of the state with a population of 3,090 million people. The city is named after the goddess of wisdom, which was considered his patron. It was here 2.5 thousand years ago a classic Greek culture and democracy originated.
The city is located on the plain, surrounded by mountains and the bay of Sironix. Now it is not only an administrative and cultural center, but also a large port. From here the sea can be reached by many islands and cities of Greece.
The main tourist facilities are located in the areas of the Claw and Tiscio. On the hill in the old town there is acropolis with parfenon and other temples, an amphitheater and ancient sculptures. Modern Athens Trade Center is the Monastiraki area.
Nafplion
The city of Nafplion is located on Peloponnese Island. It lives only 13 thousand people. According to the legend, Nafplion founded the son of God of the Seas, Poseidon. This is one of the oldest cities of Greece, the population of which lives mainly due to tourism.
Locals are also engaged in fishing. The area of \u200b\u200bArgolide, which includes the city, specializes in the cultivation of citrus, and port of Nafplion is the center of their exports.
The city retained monuments of different eras and cultures. There are Orthodox churches, Catholic temples and Muslim mosques. Since the time of the Venetian state, the mansions, Budisi and Palamidi fortresses remained in it. Near the city there are numerous antique ruins, as well as the source of Canf, in which the Goddess Hera itself has bathed to return his virginity.
And I
One of the brightest cities of Greece - Iia, located on Santorini. This is the northernmost town of the island. Many find it very romantic: confused streets laid out by mosaic from stones, snow-white walls of houses and blue dome of temples.
The city is picturesquely located on a hill above the sea. It has a lot of mini-hotels calculated by only one or two families. Some of them have special apartments for newlyweds.
Here they go to enjoy nature and silence. The car movement is prohibited. On the car is allowed to visit only the fishing port of Ammoudi. Walking to it can be reached, only overcoming more than 200 steps.
Full name: Greek Republic (Eliniki Dimokratia Tis Elados)
Area:131 957 km2
Capital:Athens
Main cities: Thessaloniki, Patras, Heraklion, Corinth, Larisa
Head of State: President Prokopis Pavlopulos (since 2015)
Head of the government: Prime Minister Alexis Tsipras (from 2015)
Political system: republic
Export: Metal Ore, Chemical Products, Cotton, Wine, Olive Oil, Citrus, Raisin, Tobacco
Currency unit:euro
Population size: 10.9 million
National composition: Greeks, Albanians, Macedonians, Turks, Bulgarians
Average life expectancy: 78 years old (women 81, men 76)
Natural population growth: 0,2%
Languages: Novogreic (State), Macedonian
Major religions: Orthodoxy, Islam
Illiteracy among the population:7%
GDP: $ 11 450 per capita
The largest islands of Greece (thousand km2):
Crete 8,3.
EVBEY 4,2
Lesbos 2,2
Rhodes 1,4.
Within two thousand years of millennia, Greek science and art defined the paths of cultural development of most major mediterranean civilizations, claiming scientific dogmas and beauty canons. The prosperity of Greece though as much as the mountain, hard-to-reach for enemies relief and soft subtropical climate.
Greece occupies the southern part of the Balkan Peninsula, as well as nearly 2000 large and small islands, scattered near the coast. From the west of the coast of the country is washed with warm waters of ionic, from the south - the Mediterranean, and from the east - the Aegean seas. Most of Greece (80%) occupy mountain arrays. Higher point - located in the northeast mount Olympus (2917 m), the legendary habitat of the ancient Greek gods. Small plain sites are found in a narrow coastal strip and the valleys of large rivers. Olympus and other arrays of the North and East
Mount "Olymp" Greece is composed of crystalline rocks, limestones with karst formations prevail in the rest of the regions. Greece lies in the seismically active zone, its territory gradually settles, plunging into the waters of the Mediterranean Sea, and the island is nothing more than the remnants of a long sunken mountain chain.
Mediterranean climate
The subtropical Mediterranean climate dominates in Greece. 
Winters here are soft and wet, summer is roast and dry, spring vehicles, but autumn is tightened for a long time. The average January temperatures range from 5 ° C in Greek Macedonia to 12-13 ° C in Crete and Rhodes; The average temperature of July 25-28 ° C. In the mountains, the climate is more severe, and in the highest vertices, it is snowing for almost all year round. The amount of precipitation in different regions is not the same and increases from 400-500 mm in the east to 1000 mm - in the West. In the mountains and on Crete, precipitation is more abundant - up to 2000 mm per year.
FLORA AND FAUNA
In the distant past, the foundation of natural vegetation cover was deciduous arrays from various types of oak and cypress, and pine forests were noisy in the mountains. To a large extent, they were cut down in antiquity, and their place was taken by pastures, vineyards and olive groves. On abandoned farmers, the plots appeared wood-shrubbeds - McVisi, consisting of dwarf oak, Lanenik, Mirut, Juniper, tree heath, rosemary and other herbaceous plants. Somewiths are growing from SPOVATION and Agava.
Currently, forests (often it is young groves of low-spirited trees) occupy about 20% of the country's territory. The primary high-run forest was preserved only in some way in the north-west of Greece, occupying no more than 2.6% of the territory. The species composition of the animal world has changed significantly - the greatest diversity is celebrated in the border with and Macedonia areas, where the brown bears, wolves and sacks are still found, and the Berkut, White-Bola Sip and Sokol-Sapsan nests in the mountains.
HISTORY
The origins of Greek statehood go back to the II millennium BC. e. Ancient centers Ellala There were meals and tyaring. From about 1200 BC e. The formation of policies (cities - states with subordinate colonies). Greek colonization of European cities (VIII-VI centuries. BC. Er) covered all southern Italy, Frakia, Malaya Asia and. In the VI century BC e. The elevation of Athens and Sparta began. At the dawn V c. BC e. Victory obsessed in Greek-Persian wars strengthened hegemony Athens.That could not not be alarmed Sparta, leading to the conflict between the rival polishes. The opposition turned into a Peloponnesian war in which Athens was defeated, and at the head of Greek cities got up Sparta. The inner parties weakened Greece, and soon it became part of Macedonian kingdom.
The last period of heyday Greece survived under Alexander Macedonian, the conquest of which contributed to the spread of Greek culture throughout the neighboring and the Middle East. In 146 BC e. Greece became the province of the Empire, after the collapse of which became part of Byzantium. In the XIV-XV centuries. Greek lands step by step captured Turks-Ottomans. The country has gained independence only in 1830, after the last 9 years of the national liberation revolution. The boundaries and state-owned new Greece defined the conference. 
The country first became the monarchy first, then the constitutional (1843) and, finally, the parliamentary monarchy (1864). At the beginning of the XX century. Greece participated in the Balkan Wars and I World War, and in 1924 was proclaimed by the republic.
In the years of World War II, Italian-German troops occupied Greece. After liberation (1944), civil war (1946-49) broke out in the country, the victory in which anti-communists won. In the 1950s Greece, the United Kingdom and the dispute over the state belonging of Cyprus, which ended with the transformation of the island into the sovereign state. Greece is a member of NATO (since 1952), UES (since 1962 Associated, since 1981, a full member) and the European Union (since 1993).
POPULATION
The overwhelming majority (95.5% of the population of Greece are ethnic Greeks. Among the most numerous national minorities are Macedonians, Turks, Albanians and Bulgarians. Almost all of the country's population belongs to the Greek Orthodox Church (98%) Natural population growth does not exceed 0.2% in year.
Agriculture and industry
The economy of Greece until recently was based on agriculture, and although these days it passes its position in favor of the industry and the sphere of services related to the tourism business, his role is still great. In order to increase yield, over 1 / s arable land is irrigated. On the scale of the whole country, almost 90% of water consumed is used for irrigation. Major cultures: grapes, olives, citrus, figs, and tobacco, cotton, wheat, barley and corn. An important branch of the economy has long been animal husbandry. Break up mostly sheep and goats, fewer cows and pigs. Greece spread out on thousands of islands actively exploits marine wealth. Intensive fishing, octopus and sponges are underway in the country.
The leading place in the industry occupies the processing of local agricultural products. Wearing winery, oil blocks and canned enterprises. The textile and cotton industry develops. Less importance is mining (bauxite mining, iron ores, zinc, lead and brown coal) and heavy industry. In the energy sector, the leading place is occupied by hydropower. Being a country t. "Cheap Flag", Greece has one of the world's largest shopping fleets. The general tonnage of commercial ships registered in the Greek ports is approx. 42 million tons (3rd place in the world). Main ports: Piraeus, Thessaloniki, Patras and Hair.
TOURISM
The mild climate and the abundance of antiquity monuments make Greece very attractive for tourists. Every year OK arrives in the country. 11 million foreigners, mainly from Germany, Great Britain and. Executions of treasury from tourism make up almost 4 billion dollars a year. The main tourist flows are sent to Athens, on the Halkidiki and the island of the Aegean Sea, including Lemnos, Kos, Rhodes, and also lying in the Mediterranean Crete.
Tourists look at the central and northern regions of Greece. Protected areas are only 0.8% of the country area and are concentrated in the North-West. In 1971, the National Park of the Malaya Press was created on the Swimp trees of shallow lake. Located in a flat brand on the border with Albania Lake 44 km2 (Greek part - 42 km2) in winter and in the spring is filled with rainwater and floods the surrounding meadows, and its hard-to-reach coast serve as an excellent place of nesting for one of the largest Pernative populations in Europe (Herons, Baklans , Caps, Ibis, Elepping, Large Pelicans).
Warm climate, amazing landscapes and monuments of an ancient era make Greece perfect place to relax. It is best to go there in September-October, when prices are not so "biting", and the sun does not take up as in the summer 
Caryatida is a statue of a dressed woman introduced into the use of ancient Greek architecture to support the antablemer and, consequently, replacing the column or pilaner. 
Santorini Island (Tire) is one of the most beautiful islands of the Aegean Sea. Santorini was formed as a result of volcanic eruption. 
In 2010, forest fires continued for a number of days in several regions of Greece. Almost any schoolboy, without thinking, will answer the question of what the capital of Greece. She is Athens - the most ancient and large city of the state. Its history happened both periods of dawn and times of decline. Currently, in the entire civilized world, he is associated with democracy and freedom, and local historical monuments are attracted annually millions of tourists every year.
Short story
The capital of modern Greece was named after her patroness - the goddess Athena Pallades. As of today, historians cannot definitely answer when it was and under what circumstances it was founded. The first documentary mention of Athens dates back to the fifteenth century to our era. Since then, they played a very important role in the development of humanity, so it is not surprising that the city is often also called the cradle of Western civilization.
Geographical location
The capital of Greece is located on the Central Plain of the region, known as Attica, along the coast of the Aegean Sea. In all his history, the city constantly grew up, so it is currently practically fully occupied by it. In other words, in the future, Athens is simply physically able to grow in the area. Now it is about 412 square kilometers. The land here is a rocky and very poorly fertile. In connection with the geological characteristics, there was a so-called phenomenon of temperature inversion, due to which local air is characterized by a high degree of contamination. There are twelve hills in the city.
Population
The population of the city, taking into account the suburbs, is approximately 3.7 million people. This is about one third of the number of residents of the whole country. It should be noted that about half a million people representing temporary immigrants also live here. The capital of Greece was rapidly developed, starting from the end of World War II and until 1980. The result was strong overpopulation and high traffic intensity. At present, Athens is considered one of the most polluted European cities. At the end of the twentieth century, due to major capital investments in the local infrastructure, the situation was slightly improved. The population density of the city per square kilometer is about 8160 people.
Climate
The capital of Greece, like the whole country, is located in the Mediterranean climate zone. The only thing that local weather differs from other state regions is the humidity that is much less in Athens. In the resort season, the air temperature in the city can reach 30 degrees above zero, along with this, the exhaust heat is not felt here. In winter, the thermometer column falls on average up to five degrees of heat. At this time, it is often raining, and the snow does not fall out almost never.
Transport
Summing up, it should be noted that the capital of Greece Athens is a very popular destination among travelers. Before all its visitors, there is a wide selection of hotels and hostels for accommodation. It should be remembered that the local transportation system is differentiated. As practice shows, if you travel a lot around the city, then it is much more profitable to purchase a travel ticket for the subway, a bus or tram. The cost of such a daily subscription is 3 euros, and the weekly 10 euros. For a one-time passage it is necessary to pay about 1 euro. Buses cruising buses carry out stops exclusively at the request of passengers.
sights
Athens can boast plenty of attractions. In general, the capital of Greece is a city in which antique harness is combined with modern European outdoor. Its symbol attracting the greatest number of tourists is considered to be Acropolis with the Temple of Parfenon. Pretty many interesting places is concentrated in the old town - the parliament building, the Arch of Adrian, the ruins of the temple of Zeus Olympic, as well as the Royal Park. At the time of prosperity of the Byzantine Empire, numerous churches were erected, preserved to the present day. These include the Church of the Saints Feodorm, the Holy Apostles, St. George and many others. It is impossible not to note the ceramicos - a place where the dust of the most famous residents of the city are stored. All this represents only a small share from the attractions that you should visit, staying in the city.
- State in the south of Europe, on the Balkan Peninsula.
Official name Greece:
Greek Republic.
Territory of Greece:
State Square Greek Republic - 131940 km².
Population of Greece:
The population of Greece is more than 10 million inhabitants (10964020 people).
Ethnic groups of Greece:
Most of the Greek population make up the Greeks - 92%. The only official minority is Muslims of Frakia and Dodecanese Islands, including the Turks - 0.8%, loss (Bulgaria-speaking Muslims, 0.3%) and Gypsy Muslims (0.1%). Other minorities are highlighted mainly in language grounds and are not officially recognized in Greece: Albanians (1%; including arvanites), "Greek-Slavophones" or Macedonian Slavs (close to Macedonians, 1.6%), Aromunas (1.1% , including meglenites), Roma (1.8%), Serbs (0.3%), Arabs (0.3%), Armenians (0.3%), Jews (0.05%), etc.
The average life expectancy in Greece:
The average life expectancy in Greece is 78.89 years (see the ranking of the countries of the world in the average life expectancy).
Capital of Greece:
Athens.
Large cities of Greece:
Athens, Heraklion, Soloniki.
State language of Greece:
Greek.
Religion in Greece:
Article 3 of the Constitution of Greece reads: "Religion of the East-Orthodox Church of Christ is dominant in Greece. The absolute majority (98%, according to data for 2006) of Greece - members of the Greek Orthodox Church.
Geographical position of Greece:
The Greek Peninsula, located in the south-east of Europe, covers an area of \u200b\u200b131944 km². Greece is located in the southern part of the Balkan Peninsula and at the adjacent to him and to the coast of Malaya Asia Islands. Greece borders with Albania, Macedonia, Bulgaria and Turkey.
Greece is washed:
The Mediterranean Sea, including: Ionian, Aegean Seas, and the South Coast of Crete - the Libyan Sea. Greece includes about 2000 islands, which account for almost 20% of the whole country.
The territory of Greece is divided into three parts.
Mainland Greece includes:
Macedonia is the northern region of Greece, bordering on Albania (Janina, Igumeenica), Bulgaria (Rodopi) and Macedonia (Castor, Chalkidiki); Frace - the northeastern area, bordering Bulgaria and Turkey (Alexandropol, Komotini); Epirus - the northwestern region, bordering on Albania (washed by the Ionian Sea); Fessiona is the most flat area, from the east is washed by the Aegean Sea (Larisa, Hair, Trikala);
Central Greece - Central part of Greece (Chalkida, Lamia, Ampissa):
Attica - area around Athens; Peloponnennese - the largest Peninsula of Greece (area - 21.4 thousand km²) is connected to the mainland by a narrow Corinth Carisy (width 5 km), through which at the end of the XIX century there was a breakthrough channel (length 6500 m, width 23.5 m, Depth 40 m).
The third area of \u200b\u200bGreece form the islands of the Aegean Sea:
EVBEY - the second largest, after Crete, Island of Greece (3.9 thousand km²), connected to the continent of the bridge; Lesbos is one of the major islands of Greece (1.6 thousand km²); Northern sprays are the islands of Skiros, Scopelos, Yura, or Odramia, etc. in the northwestern part of the Aegean Sea; Cyclades - "Kiklos" in Greek - a forming ring, archipelago in the central and southern part of the Aegean Sea (Amorgos Islands, Andros, Sifnos, Santorini, Timos, Kitnos, etc.); Southern Sporads - Dodecanenes - Archipelago of 12 islands in the southeastern part of the Aegean Sea, off the coast of Turkey (Rhodes Islands, Samos, Astypalee, Kalimos, Karpathos, Leros, etc.).
Greek landscape is an alternation of rocky, usually chamber of mountains, densely populated valleys, numerous islands, straits and bays.
Scenic rocks, beaches, exotic grots provide huge opportunities for relaxing on the sea and mountain tourism. The widespread spread of limestone, especially in the western part of Greece, led to the formation of karst funnels, the caves giving the landscape a kind of wild appearance and attracting lovers to experience their strength in speleology. Mountains occupy almost a quarter of the surface of Greece. This is predominantly medieval mountains (up to 1200-1800 m). The highest point of Greece - Mount Olymp (2917 m). Almost 2,000 meters are also rising, Parnas, mountain range in the north Peloponnese and Taigaets. There is little plains, they are concentrated in the eastern half of the country, with the exception of the peloponnes, where the plains are dominated by the west coast. Under the forest and shrub about 44% of the territory. National Parks of Greece: Wikos-AOOS, Mikra Pred, this and DP. Making walks in the mountains, it must be remembered that in Greece a lot of reptiles (turtles, lizards and snakes, among them - a horned viper).
Rivers Greece:
On the narrow and mountainous Greek peninsula, large river systems could not form. Mountain rivers, short, stormy, with picturesque thresholds and waterfalls prevail, often flowing to the sea in narrow canyons. The longest river Greece is Alialymon (almost 300 km). Other large rivers - Ebros, Nestos, Strimon, Wardar, Ageloos. Rivers are not suitable for shipping, but they play a fairly large role as sources of energy.
Administrative and territorial division of Greece:
Administrative division of Greece enters into 13 administrative districts (regions, or periphery), which are then divided into 54 nomes, or prefectures. In addition to these 13 districts, Greece includes 1 autonomous region - Iion Oros in the Athos Mountain area. Thirteen regions manage the general secretaries that the government appoints. The general secretaries are government representatives. They support central government functions and services, and also help the government in the development of regional development policies.
State Device of Greece:
Greece is a unitary state consisting of 13 administrative units - regions. In 1983, it was established that the local values \u200b\u200bwere made by the local importance to the population by direct elections. According to the Constitution of 1975, there is a parliamentary form of government in Greece. The head of the government is the Prime Minister - Head of the Party, which has most places in parliament. The government led by the Prime Minister responsibly before parliament.
Legislative power in Greece belongs to the Chamber of Deputies, a unicameral representative body, which is elected by universal direct elections for a period of 4 years.
The Chamber of Deputies includes at least 200 and no more than 300 people. The chamber is going once a year at the next session, which lasts at least 5 months. In order to prepare and study bills and legislative proposals, at the beginning of each session, it forms parliamentary commissions from its members. Legislative activity is carried out during the plenary sessions.
The head of state is the president who is elected by the Parliament for a period of five years and can be re-elected for another period.
The President is endowed with the authority to declare war and enter into contracts with other countries. He appoints the Prime Minister and on the recommendation of the last - other members of the government. The president can convene special meetings of the parliament and dissolve it on the presentation of the government or by agreement of the Council of the Republic. The Council includes the Prime Minister, the head of parliamentary opposition, a speaker of parliament and former prime ministers and presidents of democratically elected governments.
The government is carried out by the executive power submitted by the Prime Minister and the ministers (one or more of them can be appointed by deputy premieres).
The government is formed by a party that received most places in parliament. The Prime Minister becomes the leader of this party. Within 15 days from the moment he brings the oath, the government should raise the question of trust in front of parliament. The Chamber of Deputies has the right to "take back his trust" to the government or one of its members. The resolution of the censure can be made only 6 months after the declination of the previous resolution of the ward. The resolution of the censure must be signed at least 1/6 of the deputies.
The government holds a general policy of the state in accordance with the Constitution and Laws.
According to the provisions of the laws about the responsibility of ministers, members of the Council of Ministers and the State Secretaries are responsible for omission committed when performing their functions. The system of authorities in Greece is based on the principle of decentralization. There are local authorities of the first and second level and the regional administration. The local authorities of the first level consist of municipalities and communities that are responsible for solving local issues. The total number of communities and municipalities is less than 1000. The second level of local government - 51 prefectures headed by prefectural councils and prefectors, which from 1994 are elected directly by citizens. The local authorities of the second level decide more general questions.
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