Welcome to you, dear readers, on the pages of our site. Today we will continue the journey through the most amazing places of our planet: you will see the biggest swamp in Russia and the world - Vasyuganskoye. Learn how long it was formed, what is the value for the region, interesting historical facts.
Swamp - most likely, one thing will cause many unpleasant associations. But do not hurry to disappoint. You just did not see these amazing places. On the tops themselves, naturally, no one lives, so few people know how beautiful this territory is beautiful.
The appearance of the swamp
This is an amazing place and it appeared about 10,000 years ago between the rivers Ob and Irtysh. At first there were several small lakes, but gradually they turned into one big reservoir With small swamp beside. Look at the photo (picture), what a huge territory and it extends to the horizon itself.
By area, these swamps cover three areas and extend to 53,000 km. (This is the size of one average european country). But the location of the area does not stop, and over the past 500 years, swamps expanded almost 4 times. On the map with an accurate indication of the boundaries of the entire territory of Vasyugan swamps, you will see where these amazing places are located.
Local residents They tell the legend about the Vasyugan Sea Lake, which once blurted out and turned into small molds, where man cannot appear. But scientists, of course, have their own opinion: it is believed that the main lake broke up and began to step onto the land under influence wet climate and convenient geographical location.
Flora and fauna
The largest swampy place is not only in Russia, but also in the world is the home for birds, animals, fish and insects. Many rare species Found their own corner here. It was here that the fine-blooded crumbs settled, a bird that practically disappears.
Where the founds borders with the forests, moose, minks, sores, otters, dwells with rims and pleahari. In numerous reservoirs, more than 20 species of fish float. In the fall, a green vegetable carpet is pissed by different berries with a cloudberry, cranberry, blueberry.
Important for the edge and the whole country
This wetland seems unsuitable for housing, but has a huge positive value For climate, nature and economy of the whole country. Today, when fresh water It becomes less, this terrain is its main source (400 cubic meters. km.). Huge stock of gas, peat, oil and iron Ore. One peat lies on billions of tons. And it is he who cleans the atmosphere from toxic pollution, being a natural lands filter.
Violation of ecology
But the extraction of these natural fossils violates the natural balance in nature. Foresting, poaching, strokes from industrial enterprises - cause ecological problems in the region. Arriving tourists leave behind the mountain garbage. And frequent B. lately Fires destroy everything around. A large problem is created by the falling parts of the rockets from the Baikonur cosmodrome. They clog and contaminate the swamp to toxic emissions.
Vasyugansky reserve
There is I. good news By saving the region. Most recently, the Vasyugansky reserve was created here, where part of the territory will be considered a reserve and almost exclude any activity of people. Now this region is included in and is under guard.
This is the unique and beautiful place Peace is located on the territory great country - Russia.
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The bulk of the swamps falls on Kola, Karelia, Western Siberia, Far East, Sakhalin and Kamchatka. This article presents a map, as well as a list with names and brief description ten most big swamp Russia.
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Staroselsky Moss.
The upper swamp is located in the Tver region. The area is 6.17 km². It is located on the territory. Vegetable Pokrov The territory is presented mainly by moss-sfagnum, which in the fall is painted in bright shades. Tourists come here to admire the bird settlements. The swings are inhabited by hills, gray cranes and tetherov.
Sestriana
Swamp is located near St. Petersburg. It is included in the Sestrian marsh array. The area is 18.77 km². The territory is the reserve of regional importance. Sand dunes divide the swamp into two parts, covered with pine and freshers. Rich vegetable world prevails in the western part of the territory. In the northeast there are fops. Sphagnum covers a dense carpet. Southern sectors. Early autumn Here they collect cranberries. Sestrian swamp is open for visits. For tourists in the reserve there are a number of restrictions: it is forbidden to move on vehicles, to dry fires and chop trees.
Nikandrovskoe
Swamp is located in the Pskov region. The area is 101.5 km². The natural system is a slightly sparing swamp of the rigging type. Landscape complement the lakes, islands and peninsula. The surface is represented not only by typical mkhami, but also: the team of the national team, the sword grass. A variety of flora is due to the high content of mineral substances in the soil. In the fall, the swamp is fruits cranberries, blueberries, blueberries and a lingonberry. Red-born birds nest on the Nikandrovsky swamp: Golden Rzhanka, Bolshaya Veretnik, meadow Lun.
Salatheevskoe
Swamp is located in Kirov region. The area is 105.5 km². The riding sphagnum zones are replaced by low herbal sections. Birch, alder and pine prevailing in wood tier. Grows a lot of shrubs: Mirt, Baguli, Cranberry. The relief of the swamp is nicked. The animal world is mainly represented. In the Red Book, the columns are listed, European mink, pond nightnight. Human activity It did not have a significant impact on this unique area.
Segabloto.
Natural complex located in Arkhangelsk region. The Marsh Square is 151.2 km². It lies between the rivers of the Mezen and Northern Dvina. Segablot flows many streams. The soil covers mosses. Larch, spruce, as well as northern Liana, grows on these lands. There are red-based plants: Hammarby Orchid, Pushitis, sketchny. On the swamp a lot of birds, rivers are rich in fish. On the shores of the rivers there are villages. Locals collect mushrooms and berries at sebat.
Takhtinskoye
High Swamp is located in the Ulch district Khabarovsk Region. The area is 271.5 km². In this area, dominates. Most of the surface of the soil is covered with sphagnum. There are low larchs. Above 50 cm bougra performs above the marsh. They are formed by underground ice boulders. Shrub birch and cedar stabel grows on them. Takhtinsky swamp is many species of animals. Here you gain strength: black stork, small swan and Gus-Sukhonos.
Orshinsky Moss.
The bog system is located in the Tver region. The area is 432 km². The swamps also include numerous lakes. The climate in this region contributes to peaphonacum. The large area of \u200b\u200bthe swamps covers the bushes of the richness, cloudberries, sources and Rosyanka. On the periphery, Iva, Alder and Birch are growing. Most plants are listed in the Red Book: Lindberg Safagnum, Bolotnaya Camery, Cranberry Small-Fashionable, Chewner Black. On the swamps inhabited white partridge, golden rzhanka, a big deregel. In the water bodies adjacent to the Oryami MCU, the soma and the pillars are found. The locality attracts fans of hunting, fishing and gathering.
Dubsch
The molot complex is located in the pool of the River Yenisei. The total area is 904 km². Earth covered with mkhami. Larch trees, cedar, birchs grow in the outskirts of the complex. In Dubchas you can see unique phenomenon Flora - Swamus pine forests. Most of them are numbered in the northern part. Vegetation is represented by Russian, dwarf birch. The swamps are famous by old-belt sketeens and monasteries. Located on the village of the village of the village Sandakches is the gross capital of the Old Believers.
Usinskoe
The swamp is located in the Komi Republic, at the borders of the rivers Big Vyatka and Usa. The area is 1391.9 km². The natural complex includes many lakes, and is a major European peatman. This is a storage of a huge amount of fresh water. The relief is the alternation of bumps, shrubs and disintegration. Species composition Vegetation is not distinguished by a variety. The local climate is ideal for Ornithofauna. On the lakes nest migratory birds. The Red Book includes Swan-Clikun and Orlan-Belochvost. From the end of the last century, the territory has acquired the status of the republican reserve.
Vasyugansky
Swamps are located in the Tomsk region. The area is 53 thousand km². They are an important source of fresh water in the region. Land contain a huge number of peat, which counteracts greenhouse effect. Topi and lakes alternate with stocks and depressions. Real threat Fauna represent fires. They are able to cause damage even in winter time. The world is represented by elms, bears, wolverines, foxes, deer. On the swamps they will buy nests numerous feathers, including red-bubble. Of great interest is the development of the oil industry. On the territory of the swamp is the Vasyugan Reserve.
On February 2, World Wetlands Day is celebrated. It was on this day that the "Convention on Wetlands", or the Ramsar Convention, was signed in the Iranian city of Ramsar, or the purpose of which is to preserve and rational use Wetlands that have international significance, mainly as habitats of waterfowl. On this occasion, we decided to tell about the most famous swamps Russia.
Vasyugan swamp
Vasyugan swamp, which arose about 10 thousand years ago, is the biggest swamp on Earth. It takes about 5 million hectares, which is 21% more square Switzerland. Swamp spreaded on the territory of Novosibirsk, Tomsk and Omsk regions, Between large Siberian rivers Ory and Irtysh. Initially on its territory was located 19 separate swampthat merged into a solid water array, and the process of fevering the territory continues. Vasyugan swing gives rise to a set of rivers: Ava, Bacchar, Big Yugan, Vasyugan, Demyanka, Iqua, Kenga, Nürolka, Small Tartas, Small Yugan, Om, Parabel, Parbig, Tara, Tui, Yi, Tea, Cheg, Shegharka and others. Vasyugan swamp - natural phenomenonwithout analogues in the world. It is the main source of fresh water in the region and a giant natural filter: marsh peat counteracts the greenhouse effect absorbing harmful substances and binding carbon, and the swamp vegetation actively saturates the air with oxygen. Vasyugan swamp represents economic interest: it is rich in minerals. It in the western part of it is the development of oil, in the east - peat, and in the north - iron ore deposits. However, the development of the extractive industry has negative effects: the threat was floating and animal world swamp. Environmental danger also represent the falling stages of carrier launchiers starting from the Baikonur cosmodrome, which pollute the territory of the residues heptila.
On the swamps inhabit reindeer, Berkut, Orlan-Belochvost, Skop, Gray Sorokoput, Sapsan, Squirrels, Moose, Sable, Glukhary, White Partridges, Ryabiki, Tetherieva, as well as mink, otter and wolverine. Unique and flora swamp: here a large number of Rare and endangered species of plants. Siberian scientists performed with a proposal to create a protected zone in the territory of the Vasyugan swamp in the late 50s. It was not possible to achieve a unique swamp of the status of the reserve, but the complex reserve "Vasyugansky" was created. Currently, it is planned to give it the status of the object of the World natural Heritage UNESCO.
Top double
IN Western Siberia. To wetlands international importanceLocated in the Ramsar List, the Large Plot of the Floy of the Obi River, called the top two-way. The unique complex of large and small ducts, the islands of sushi and lake dwarves is located in the Oktyabrsky and Khanty-Mansiysk districts of Khanty-Mansiysk autonomous District. Starting a little below the mouth of Irtysh, it stretches more than 200 km downstream Ob. The upper two-way - the place of mass nesting of waterfowl, here are nesting or stopped on the way of migration species of birds listed in the international Red Book: Skop, Orlan-Belochvost, Krasnogo Magaza, Sterch, Small Swan. In the upper two-way and valuable fishing species of fur animals, and fish. In 1982, the Elizarovsky Reserve was created in the territory of the wetland.
Polystovo-Lovatskaya Bolot
Polistovoy-Lovatskaya Bolotnaya System is the greatest swamp in Europe, consisting of 15 solidary marsh arrays, many small and large lakes and rivers. It is located just 100 kilometers from the border of the European Union, between the Pskov and Novgorod regions. About half of the square of the swamps, the age of which exceeds 10 thousand years, is protected by two reserves - the Polistovsky and Radey, created in 1994 to preserve and explore the swamps and their flora and fauna. Heather, Pucizian, Cassandra, Lichenniki, Dwarf Birch, Cranberries, Marsh, Grows on the Swamps. There is a rare shape of pine trees, usually less than 1 m. The reserves are nesting, the species of birds are nesting in the Red Book of the Russian Federation. For example, the largest population of the Big Krchnepa in Europe lives in the territory of the Polistovsky Reserve. The marsh system is the largest in the north-west of Russia the natural habitat of some types of birds under the threat of disappearance: European black grounds, Gagara, Berkut, Central Russian white partridge. From the mammals on the territory of the reserve and its security zone there are representatives of 36 species of animals, of which the red-haired evening and flying protein are regionalally rare, and the European mink is preparing for a short book in the Red Book of the Russian Federation.
The uniqueness of the Polistovsky Bolotan System is also in addition that it is the largest fresh water filter in Europe. A constant accumulation of organic matter occurs in the top swamp. Various kinds of pollutants - radionuclides, heavy metals, chlororgic - fixed organic substances Marsh and remain in the ground with peat. Thus, on the "output" of the marsh array of the Polistovsky Reserve, almost distilled water remains, which is then entered into the pools of the North-West region: Lake Ilmen, the River Neva and to the Gulf of Finland.
Sinyavinsky swamps
These swamps were sadly famous during the Great Patriotic War. Located near Shlisselburg in Leningrad region, they became the arena formerly not the most fierce fights for the whole war, it was for them two and a half years. Volkhov FrontThere were three offensive operations on breaking the blockade of Leningrad. Some eyewitnesses of events say that the front in Sinyavinsky swamps was the most terrible of all in this war. Big problems created peatlands of swamps at the occurrence. Any movement here was possible only by guts, inaccessible to heavy artillery and tanks. In addition, the limestly rudded by the Germans rocked over the swamps - the famous Sinyavinian heights. From a height of 15-20 meters, the opponent could easily track all movements. In Sinyavinskaya offensive operation In the fall of 1942, 156,927 soldiers and officers were involved, of whom only 3209 remained. So far, search engines are "lying", "sitting" and even "standing" in the trenches and trenches and trenches. Each year, operations are carried out in the swamps to search for missing, install monuments and obeliski in places of regimental cemeteries and fraternal graves.
Sestrian swamp
Located near St. Petersburg, Sestroretskoy Boloto - one of the rare natural objects, which was practically not affected by the human impact, while in the art major city. In 1978, geological surveys were made in the swamp: the only human intervention. The swamp has never been dying, so here the typical swamp complexes have been preserved, which gives an idea of \u200b\u200bthe terrain on which St. Petersburg was built. The Square of the Marsh is about 1900 hectares, which makes Sestrian swamp one of the largest marsh arrays of Europe. In many respects, thanks to him, the population of birds in the north of the continent is preserved: the swamp is a place of parking parking birds on the White Morod-Baltic Sway. Here are quite rare species: small red-willed leaning, gray duck, dubbnik, crocks, white woodpecker. Two species of birds living in the Sestrian swamp are made to the Red Book Russian Federation - White partridge and large crock. In 2011, the largest swamp was created the largest natural reserve Regional importance in St. Petersburg.
To the question why the swamp glows? What is the deepest swamp? Posted by the author Beat Kim. The best answer is Back in ancient times, people noticed such a phenomenon as a glow on the swamps. Pale-bluish lights that can be observed on swampy terrain in warm dark nights, just added it natural formations greater mysteriousness. AnydayLife will tell about what the phenomenon is caused and what myths and superstitions are connected with it.
The glow on the swamps in ancient times is very scarecrow people, already considered a clog and an unclean place. This glow was often called the "candles of the dead", and all due to the fact that the lights are often located at the height of the human hand. People believed that the man who saw the glow on the swamp received a warning from the world.
In Germany, believed that the lights on the swamps are ghosts of people who stole land from their neighbors. It was believed that their souls were always roaming on tops in search of solid land. According to the old beliefs of the Finnish people, the lights on the swamps are the souls of children who were left in the forest.
European northern peoples They believed that the glow on the swamps caused the souls of ancient warriors. It was believed that treasure was hidden at the place of the glow, and these souls were protected. In the English folklore, the mysterious glow on the swamps is also explained by the ghosts, which thus try to lure travelers in the quagger.
The celts treated the swamps most respectfully. They believed that the swamps are gates of perfume, and in the places of the bog, the gates open into the world of the spirits of nature and deities. Ancient Celts brought sacrificial gifts on swamps.
Whatever beliefs about mysterious glow on the swamps, modern man This natural phenomenon does not seem to be mystical. In warm and dark nights in the swamps, you can really observe weakly flickering and chaotic moving lights. Their occurrence is due to several factors.
It was previously believed that the glow on the swamps was caused by spontaneous ignition of methane gas released from the swamp. This theory was not confirmed when scientists tried artificially by settling such a maled gas. Was put forward alternative version The glow is caused by the interaction of phosphorous hydrogen and methane. Phosphorous hydrogen is distinguished as a result of the decomposition of the corpses of the living beings in the swamp. Swamp gas, leaving on the surface, flammives from the vapor of this liquid phosphorous hydrogen, which causes the glow.
Finnish peat society from September 27 to October 2, 2006. Organized an excursion to the Border Peat Fields of Finland and Torfyaniki Greece. On excursions, the participants will familiarize themselves with the Philippi marsh - known as the deepest (190 m peat) swamp in the world, as well as with other protected swamps and archaeological attractions of the northern part of the country.
Answer from chevron[guru]
Nifiga it does not glow solid rolotina
Answer from See[guru]
Vasyugan swamp - the biggest swamp in the world
In the very center of Siberian federal District Dished big.
This name is not accidental: it is the biggest marsh on
globe. His area is 53 thousand km?, Which is 21% more area
Switzerland (41 thousand km?), And extension from west to east - 573
kilometer, from north to south - 320 kilometers. Vasyugan swamp
located in the territory of Tomsk, Omsk and Novosibirsk regions,
between large Siberian rivers Ory and Irtysh.
Inspires the respect and age of Vasyugan swamps, according to the calculations of scientists it
it originated 10,000 years ago, and since then it constantly increases its
square, selecting more and more surrounding lands reminding
desert.
In the heart of the South American continent, south of the Amazon pool and east of the Andes, there is a huge, having access to the sea river Delta called Pantanal. It is located mainly within Western Brazil, but also takes part of Bolivia and Paraguay, covering the area of \u200b\u200bapproximately 140,000 - 195,000 square kilometers. In the period from November to March, annual floods are fed by tropical rains. Floods turn this area into the largest freshwater marshy ecosystem in the world, half of France. With many environmental zones, thousands of species of water life, birds and other animals, Pantanal is one of the main natural attractions of Brazil.
Pantanal is B. huge poollimited from all sides more high lands: Mountains Serra de Maraca in the East, Serra, yes Bodocouuen in the south, Paraguayan and Bolivian Chaco in the West and Serru's Souls of the Peresis in the north. During the rainy season rainwater Rights out mountain terrain in Pantanal, putting most Lowlined areas and creating small islands of vegetation called Cordyleras, where animals live. 
Water level reaches itself high rating 2 - 5 meters in January, or February, then begins to gradually retreat in March. This seasonal flood feeds a pantanal, an amazing supply of nutrients in the soil and providing an extremely rich pasture for the animal world. When swamps begin to dry, hundreds of fish species are trapped with small reservoirs, lakes and canals. It attracts birds, massively arriving here on the feeder. From July to December, animals are massively going around drying the mass of water to drink and eat huge number caught in a fish trap. Such a concentration of fauna rarely can be found in other parts of the world. Later, in the dry season, when the lagoons and swamps are dried, fresh herbs covers the entire territory of the resulting savanna. 
Pantanal suffers significantly from human activity, including commercial fishing, agriculture, Livestock and Pollution toxic waste, not to mention the hunting and other types of intervention. A promotional risk factor is the fact that the pantanal is not formally protected area. There is only one small National Park Pantanal Matogrosssen area of \u200b\u200b1,350 square kilometers, which is less than two percent common Square. There are also small reserve National heritage of 878 square kilometers, founded in 1998.
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