Recently, in Sevastopol there are more and more messages about the meeting of the person with snakes, since in the warm season, these creatures begin to appear not only in the forest, but also in public places.
After such meetings, the frightened citizens call in the Ministry of Emergency Situations to clarify whether there are poisonous snakes in Sevastopol or not. However, as it turned out, the reptiles can be found not only on land, but also in water.
My familiar Sevastopol Diver Oleg told about his adventures under water. This resurrection from the south side of the Peninsula, he sailed from the coast for 300-400 meters and dived. At the depth of seven-eight meters, I decided to look around and looked up. Directly over himself, he saw something that was floating, wriggling over the surface, and this something very much like a snake.
"At first I thought that it seemed to me, I never know what happens under water," then I looked at once again. No, the snake, the characteristic body and manifest movements. But I never heard that snakes are found in the Black Sea! "
Meanwhile, a snake sailed on the surface of the water. Diver decided to catch up and consider it closer, but then changed his mind. Even on the shore of the snakes become aggressive and can be terrified for self-defense.
With our conversation, another acquaintance was present - Andrey. He said that in his childhood I have repeatedly seen the snakes swimming the shooting bay. And these are not any sea snakes, but the most ordinary land, which the water overcomes the water barrier.
I decided to find out who actually lives in the Black Sea and how to behave at a meeting with such "waterfowl." We turned with this question to Alexander Trofimov, a candidate of biological sciences, a specialist in reptiles. That's what he told:
"I think it was a water, usual, in general, creature. He lives in fresh reservoirs and in coastal sea zones. Food is mostly fish - bulls, star dogs, on which he hunts in water. These reptiles are completely safe for a person, they do not bite. True, people for some reason are afraid of them - a little bit, they begin to shout, to be angry with horns and call him violence.
Fortunately, we, in the Sevastopol region, there are no poisonous snakes. There are only harmless merges, poloz and Medica. By the way, the wet color of the marsh color, the belly black with orange stains. You don't need to be afraid! "
Alexander Trofimov also stated that when meeting with water, it should not be aggressive behavior. You just need to give him to sail, because the cakes and snake are afraid of people, just like them they.
Thank you very much, Alexander Trofimov, now I will know how to behave if I see the "sea monster", because the familiar diver said that the meeting occurred near the beach where the holidaymakers were located. Large gray rats on a wild beach I saw, and Gadyuk, excuse me, is never once.
Snakes living in water
Many stem types are perfectly swimming, but only some of them chose the water with their own home.
The greatest snake of the world - giant Anaconda (Eneces Murinus) - received its second name ("Water Break") precisely because of love for the water element. All his life, Anaconda spends in low-descent water bodies or near them. In the water, this commander moves very quickly, superbly dives and can not be shown for the surface for a long time; At the same time, the nostrils are closed by special valves. Hidden from other people's eyes, she lies almost motionless in warm turbid water and patiently waiting prey: antelope, monkeys and other animals who came on the water. The coloring of the anaconda is like a maskhalate: dark spots are located in a gray-green background, and on sides - a number of small light marks surrounded by a dark strip. The quiet windows of small amazon pool rivers with swimming pool floating on the surface and quenching in the thickness of water thickens of algae - a real paradise for a watery watery. Pets can also be victims of the anaconds: pigs, goats, dogs, and geese, ducks, large fish and turtles. As you know, all the blows are devoid of poisonous teeth, so they kill their sacrifice by stroke.
There are particularly dramatic fiction of water boats with no less serious predators - the Caymans, with whom they are forced to share the same habitat. Anaconda climbs prey at the bottom and, having imagined the moment, sharply attacked on the crocodile, "freezing" at the surface of the water in his favorite recreation position. If you are lucky luck, then he will drive the "teeth" across the body with rings of his muscular body and will be squeezed until he can breathe. But if Cayman turns out to be more advantageous, his deadly jaws closer on the body of the snake, breaking the bones.
Due to the fact that all snakes swallow caught extraction entirely on larger beasts anaconda are not attacked. Occasionally, you can hear about the cases of attacks on people, but, even stretching to the redistribution, the mouth of the snake will not be able to grab the shoulders of an adult. Preparing for the attack, the snakes perfectly compare the dimensions of the potential victim and their own, but from the aquatic environment they can see the human body distorted and, accordingly, underestimate its true dimensions. Only the tragic episode of the death of a local thirteen-year-old boy swallowed by R. Blomberg is completely reliable. However, Indian hunters themselves often kill the gigantic anaconda, not fearing to be strangled in their deadly arms.
Anaconda wrapped his rings the body of Cayman
The full snake loves to bask in the sun, but it never goes far from the water, and when the favorite reservoir is dried to another creek. In the period of a strong drought, the snakes can fall into a saving anabiosis, tearing into the bottom Il to the season of the rains. Under water there is such a complex process like a molting; At the same time, the snake diligently rubs about the bottoms and stones and gradually tightens the old skin - crawls. The larger the snake, the more difficult it is to pull "well-done clothes", but without water, even with the condition of high humidity, the molting occurs with pieces, heavily and long.
The largest of reliably measured copies of a giant anaconda was from Colombia and reached 11.43 m, and the weight of this snake monster, according to the calculations, exceeded 300 kg.
However, the most specialized in this respect group are related Cologes family representatives sea Snake (Hydrophidae), inhabitants in the seas of Indian and Pacific Ocean. Often they are met in the middle of the ocean, but the favorite place of habitat is part of the water area within 5-6 km from the coast.
In the process of evolution, these reptiles turned into real submariners rising to the surface only in order to breathe air. About 50 types of marine snakes united in 16 clans are known to science. Representatives of the subfamily of the fishless snakes are able to swim by the tail forward, and even their few offspring (1-2 young) bring here in the aquatic element. The leathery membranes of eggs are broken in the birth paths of females, freeing the kids who slid directly into the water. The masonry in the water would certainly died, so the eggsifornation allows the fasteners to lead an extremely water lifestyle and relieves from the need to go to the landing for laying eggs, as sea turtles do. Interestingly, many subfamily representatives have a primitive placenta, which connects the embryo with the mother's body.
The appearance of marine snakes is very peculiar and resembles rather angry fish than land relatives. A small head with small eyes having a round pupil covered with round panels and smoothly goes into the body. The front of the body is practically cylindrical, and the rear - flattened from the sides, ending with a wide flat tail, performing the role of the engine. For all representatives of the family, a decrease is characterized by a decrease or complete absence of extended abdominal ("walking") flaps, which were important when driving on a solid substrate, but were a hindrance when swimming. To improve gliding in the thickness of water, the body of most types of sea snakes and from above, and the bottom is covered with small identical scales, making the skin soft and elastic. Being magnificent swimmers and divers, marine snakes can not move on land and, being pulled ashore, is helplessly digit and shook.
In salt sea water, the legendary forked language can no longer perform its olfactory-tactile role, so the sea snakes it is strongly shortened and only the tip it is capable of turning out from his mouth. The mucous membrane of the oral cavity is rich in capillary blood vessels and can absorb oxygen directly from the water. This additional organ of aqueous breath allows the snake to be under water for a long time.
The nostrils are located at the top of the muzzle, which allows reptiles to breathe unhindered, drowning out of the water only the most tip of the nose. When diving, the nostrils are closed with special valves that prevent water from entering the respiratory tract. The left light is lost at all, but the right is so elongated that it continues through all the torso right up to the anal opening and ends with a special bag that serves as a kind of spare capacity. In addition to the main respiratory function, this unusual light plays the role of a hydrostatic apparatus like a swimming bubble in most fish. Its maximum air filling reduces the proportion of the body of the sea snake and increases its buoyancy.
Sea hunters feed on all sorts of fish, primarily eels.
In addition to active hunting, snakes can sleep prey, using bait. To do this, they are planted on the surface of the water and are waiting for curious fish to gather around an unfamiliar subject, approaching close enough. Then follows a sharp movement - and one of the fish is captured. Interesting is the fact that when eating fish with sharp fins, their spiny rays are not digested and not allocated by the digestive system, and pushed out to the outside right through the wall of the snake body. Often to the skin or even the eyes are attached a lot of water beings (for example, sea packer), from which the snake can get rid of only when the old skin is dropped during the molting.
Sea snake
Like ground aspids, sea snakes have poisonous glands lying in the front of the mouth. The poison of sea snakes is characterized by the highest toxicity - it acts stronger than the nucleus of Gurza, the royal cobra and the urchinger. A similar fact is a hunting adaptation to power with cold-blooded animals (fish), relatively resistant to poisoning. Paired poisonous teeth of marine snakes are located at the front end of the maxillary bone. Behind the poisonous fangs on the upper jaw are small teeth, their number of different species is from 1 to 18. Such "tobastness" allows maritime reptiles to keep the slightly and cheerful prey. To master the production of the snake, it suffices to be sacrificed a very small amount of poison - from 1 to 20 mg in a dry weight (0.06-0.12 ml of liquid poison). The poison has a neurotoxic effect, like a cobotoxin, and fish-mining is killed almost instantly.
On divers, marine snakes are not the first to attack and do not bite people without much motivation. Asian fishermen, catching fish with networks, turn with the sea snakes without any ceremonies, recklessly pulling them out their hands. Poisonous bite can be obtained if accidentally step on a snake in water or grab it sharply, causing pain. Pathological phenomena arise a few hours after the bite and are accompanied by moderate dizziness, nausea, weakness and depression. Diagnostic signs are the spasm of chewing muscles, the omission of the eyelids, the expansion of pupils, dryness and burning in the throat. In case of strong intoxication, paralysis of the eye muscles and faces occurs, progressing the coordination of movements, there are signs of respiratory disorder and cardiac activity. The skin of the victim becomes wet and bluish. If measures to provide emergency care are not accepted, then after 5-10 hours, convulsions begin, and without coming into consciousness, the victim dies from the paralysis of the respiratory center. Fortunately, the percentage of deaths during bites is small, due to the fact that the doses of poison entered into the wound are designed for the size of fish and small for humans.
The largest representative of the subfamily is spiral lastohvost (Hydrophis Spiralis), reaching a length of 2.7 m. Little inferior to him in magnitude elegant lastoot (N. Elegans) inhabitants in the waters of North Australia and the island of Aru. The length of large individuals often exceeds 2 m. The remaining species inhabitants in the Indian Ocean and in the seas of Southeast Asia, smaller sizes (up to 1-1.5 m). Wonderful distribution luson Lavokhood (N. Semperi), who lives in a freshwater lake Tal, located in the crater of an extinct volcano in the south of Luzon Island (Philippines). This species is the only sea snake, adaptering to life in fresh water.
Two-color pelamida (Pelamis Platurus) has the most extensive distribution area, often encountered in the open ocean, hundreds of kilometers from the nearest Brecha. Dark brown, almost black painting of the upper side of the body contrasts with a light yellow painting belly, and on the sides these two colors replace each other sharply. The tail is covered with large dark spots on a bright background. In the Indian Ocean, from the Persian Gulf to the Malay Archipelago, two types are inhabited enhidrin (Enhydrina). These snakes, about 1 m long, are very numerous in the eastern part of the range and are often held by large groups, dozens of falling into the fishing networks. Stone-and-half essays bright red with black rings astroy (Astrotia Stokesii) can meet with giant clusters - for example, in the Malaccian Strait, the length of such a living conglomerate reached 100 km with a medium width of 3 m.
Representatives of the second subfeamination - the plane sea snakes - still retained some connection with the land and are often found away from water. They are egg-owned and to continue the genus are chosen ashore. The most beautiful ring plane (Laticauda Laticauda), having a bright blue color of the body, along which wide black rings alternate. This snake is a frequent guest of coral reefs, lives in coastal thickets of seaweed and in the surf strip. Two-meter big plane (L. Semifasciata) serves as an object of fisheries of Japanese fishermen. Sea snakes are extracted for the sake of skins, and also use in food, feeding in Japanese restaurants in smoked and fried.
About 30 species of fixes are gone into the water element freshwater snakes (Homalopsinae). However, on land, these creatures feel confident due to the fact that the scales covering the body did not undergo significant changes and is similar to that of terrestrial forms. The teeth of the rear pair of the upper jaws are increased, have a groove on the front face and communicate with the producing poison iron. Freshwater snakes are hunting on fish, crustaceans and amphibians, which are instantly paralyzed by poison, but for a person a similar bite is harmless.
At one of the representatives called herpetone, or tallennaya Snake (Herpeton Tentaculatum), on the end of the muzzle there is a pair of scaly supreets, in the calm state of animal stretched forward. The body of freshwater snakes often turns the nice colonies of algae, forming a solid peasants of green cover, hiding reptile-hunters among vegetation at the bottom of the reservoir. Such a picturesque disguise preserves a very long time, as the herpetone lines very rarely. Being caught and rendered to the shore, the snake flows into a kind of stupor, having silent and putting the straight and hard, like a stick.
Representatives of another subfamily warthhy snakes (Acrichordinae) - are found in the wetlands of rivers, lagunis, coastal part of the sea and mangroves. On land, these reptiles are even more helpless than marine snakes. Their body is covered with small non-overlapping triangular scales, loosely adjacent to each other. In the intervals between them, nude skin is noticeable, covered with such a thick network of blood vessels, which makes it possible to assume the presence of the so-called "skin breathing" in these snakes, characteristic of amphibians.
The most common view - yavanskaya warts kite (A. Javanicus) - reaches length more than 2 m, and over the thickness is called the population of the coastal districts of Thailand "Snake - ivory trunk". Females, which are significantly larger than males, bring up to 72 young individuals.
From the book Literary Newspaper 6240 (36 2009) Author Literary newspaperOn Khlebnik and the water was born in 1968 in Kherson, currently lives and works in Kiev. Editor-in-Chief of the Cultural Resistance magazine "Sho" and one of the founders of the Ukrainian Slame. Winner of the International Prize. Grand Prince Yuri Dolgoruky (2004), Prize
From the book of the newspaper Tomorrow 252 (39 1998) The author of tomorrow is newspaperSnake's skin in Ostankina. Bright yellow leaves as if they absorbed all sunlight and carry it into black land - until spring ... Suddenly you understand that over the past five years it has almost failed to stop, raise your head to the sky, to feel the necessary for a person,
From the book of the newspaper day of literature # 125 (2007 1) Author Day of literature newspaperLee ki flowers living in my heart ... weathered wine bottle - the monastery of wine wine diverges from his house on glasses like guests who never return the aroma of the past for years as a hidden dream disappears
From the book quotes from the works of Ivan Efremova Author Efremov Ivan AntonovichFrom the book "The Heart of the Snake" is far away, at a distance of seventy eight light years, the Earth remained - the beautiful, arranged by mankind for light life and inspired creative work. In this society, without classes, each person knew the whole planet well. Not only it
From the book of a bribe of other people's hands: who trads the solutions of officials Author Sokolova Anna VasilyevnaOn the water Perm met Kolobkov and Dubinin with a drizzling rain. Despite the height of the summer, it was pretty cool. Dozens of pipes smoked the gray sky with multi-colored smoke - yellow, red violet, - the metallurgical industry here clearly flourished. All these plants
From the book of Germany. Beer, sausages and leather pants Author Wolf NatalyaSnakes and crocodiles instead of cats and dogs every year more and more people instead of familiar cats and dogs choose as pets of exotic animals: crocodiles, scorpions, kayman turtles, poisonous snakes and spiders. Only according to official data, about six
From the book Results No. 1 (2013) the author The results of the magazineYear of the Green Snake / Society and Science / Telegraph Year of the Green Snake / Society and Science / Telegraph there is such a joke with a beard, like Santa Claus: About the poor boy, who Pope explained that it will have less to eat less - vodka has risen. Rigid joke but
From the book 100 famous mysteries of nature Author Siadro Vladimir VladimirovichSea and river "snakes". Traditions and reality for a long time was believed that man is the king of nature. Indeed, people mastered the land, rivers and the sea. Scientific and technological progress has changed the life of our planet. Against this background, reports of unprecedented animals seem to be rusks,
From the book 1000 wonders from all over the world Author Gurnakova Elena NikolaevnaLiving in the water Silver resident of the Water Spider Air Bell (Argyroneta Aquatica) from the Agelenidae family is unique in that it builds the clarity network, hunts, it feeds, winter and removes offspring under water. It is widespread in standing and slow water reservoirs rich water
From the book Murder Stalin in the year of the snake Author Salov Valery BorisovichLiving on Earth and underground Zhuki-Flounced Palm Championship Among the luminous animals of sushi belongs to insect, or rather - beetles. Representatives of the Lampyridae family (Lampyridae) are known for their unusual ability to emit mysterious phosphoric light in the dark.
From the book of the authorSnake-dealers to earthen snakes include several families: blind snakes (or blind), narcot snakes, riveted snakes and packed snakes. Some scientists are still challenging the classification of blindmen, referring them to the Gentle lizards to which these unusual animals and
From the book of the authorBeasts living in the dungeon underground animals are a highly specialized, but relatively few group of amazing living beings, which made representatives from representatives of various systematic groups of certain continents. In the Familion of the Mole (Talpidae)
From the book of the authorLiving in air
From the book of the authorFlying snakes in Indonesia, South China and Indochite live decorated wood snakes (genus dendrelaphis), who deserved an unusual nickname "flying". They famously move from a tree on a tree, jumping from branches on the branch, and at the same time they are in a state of "free
On social networks, photographs and reports appeared on the appearance on the coast of the Sea of \u200b\u200bAzov (including the territory of the Neckinovsky district) reptiles with a characteristic pattern on the back.
Such creatures are seen in the coastal zone of the Taganrog and the nearby settlements of the Neklinovsky district with him. "Colorful color - only I do not understand where we are in the sea of \u200b\u200bGaduki?", "The insensus residents are now asked this summer. Some countrymen argue that these snakes are safe:
Roman Vladimirovich:
"We have no guy to the sea .... There are 3 kinds of things and they are not poisonous"
Igor Anatolyevich
"Well, if not poisonous, and somehow it becomes ..... I swim so much in the sea, and in front of you so many times it is nasty ... and kus to you" ((((((
Vyacheslav Gorbunov
"This is you in the reenterations did not go to Mikhailovka, there are there, as ropes with the reeds hang, beauty" ;-)
"Water is unagnetrant, at the sight of a person he usually tries to hide in water or in shelter. The bites are extremely rare. For a person, there is practically no danger. However, this does not interfere with the local population and tourists actively exterminate water intake, calling them "chess viper" or "Hybrids of Housing and Wavyuki" and mistakenly counting
poisonous. Stories about allegedly real cases of poisoning as a result of water bite for most part are, apparently, the consequence of the inability of most people to distinguish water from ordinary viper. Practically impossible cases of infection of the wound, since saliva has bactericidal properties. "
Igor Anatolyevich:
"Alexandra, you explicit me right")
Alexandra Sokolova (Azizova)
"This is Wikipedia!" :-)
Tatia))
"The viper is not dangerous in the water, and on the shore is better not to approach her !! The bite is certainly not a cobra, but you can get shock and not only from poison, but more psychological !!! So it's better not ..."
Club atmosphere
"Chess viper .... or dull. In the water, they do not attack ..... Yes, and I do not remember the attacks ..... "
"It is not necessary to be afraid! In the water they do not bite. And on the shore, if you do not climb to her, it will not pay attention to you! "
Maria Soverekvich Savelyev
"This is a chess snake, she is a chess viper and water and water! Not aggressive, but in case of danger, it can hiss, rushing, terribly to stink or pretend to die! If you encountered her - just go quietly. And finally, in June, July in July, offspring is displayed. Therefore, be careful, perhaps they just guard the children! "
Lyubov Krivotovenko (Abramenko)
"We are full of them, especially on sunny days love to not sleep in the sun. Lokia in the middle of the road. And they love to drive it in the autumn. I somehow breathing to them 10 years old a cow drove ashore and once every 10th saw. And my husband goes, he jumps away in the direction. He crawl under his feet. The neighbor bit, the temperature rose ... "
oleg Leva
"This snake has no poisonous teeth, it cannot bite a person. Catch the snake and look into her mouth, she has nothing to bite (we would not advise - ed.). I checked myself "
However, many residents of such optimism with some higher signatories are not separated. And fear for their health during the summer holiday from the Taganrog Bay.
Alexey Sergeevich:
"Viper!!! Seen with their own eyes ..
And violets are usually poisonous .. "
Igor Anatolyevich
"Comrades should urgently do something, these reptiles are goodles with an incredible
by force, soon they will hunt us and not on small rodents. "
"Does not bite? As far as I know, that the viper is floating on the surface of the water! And those whose snakes we saw dive and float under water. And where is the guarantee that they do not bite under water? "
What characteristic features are violent, how to distinguish it from a horror, and what could be the consequences of the bite - wrote in the comments on my post a resident of Rstova-on-Don:
Claire Hubner.
"The Viper of our country is different from other snakes, including a typical pattern along the back in the form of a dark band, as if consisting of diamonds or similar shapes. The pupil of the eye of the Vertical Vertical - slotted, the head is a spear, the tail is short.
Experienced snakes and zoologists warn that it is necessary to avoid meetings with this poisonous snake in those places where it is found. The violence bite is considered very dangerous, but not fatal. This is a strong swelling, shock, dizziness, headache, severe weakness, etc. In the vessels begins to coat blood. Changes in liver and kidney tissues may occur. All this leads to a severe complication.
A distinctive feature of this - located symmetrically two stains on the back of the head, on the border with the neck, having a yellow, orange color. In the photo, the snake characteristic of the wool spot is missing, so that the guy could be hunting on the shore, for example, on frogs or other animals. "
From myself I want to say unequivocally: this snake is dangerous or not - it's better not to experience fate, and when you meet with her, however, as with any other, behave most carefully! And it is better to get away from this place away. Well, if you still bited you - immediately consult a doctor.
Andrei Kravtsov
All newsUser Comments
This is the most common water - read "Wikipedia". It is not clear that the specialist from Rostov-on-Don could write a nonsense that everyone has orange or yellow spots on the back of the head. Ordinary horns, yes, they are. And they have no water and never. But there is a chess drawing of the body. What, by the way, never happens at ordinary viper. She has a very well distinguished zigzag traourno-black pattern at the top of the back. Sometimes there are pure and black. But never chess. By the way, described in one of the comments published by the frightened snake Snay - this is also a characteristic sign.
Habitat of ordinary viper
Manyat snakes in such places, as defined odors are considered. In the marriage period, dozens of snakes, Uuyav Feromons of females, rushed to the source of this smell. In the extramarital time, snakes attract the phytoncides of individual plants. The mechanism of this "lining" is not fully studied and is not explained. Soviet researchers conducted parallels with tropism (Taxis).
Of the dozens of species of the surrounding plants, the snakes are unmistakably choose some or others, and the others will not be interested in at all. It would seem - other conditions are almost the same, but you can find a snake next to one, and next door to others, it is even useless. I would arrange these plants in the following order, as they decrease their attractiveness for viper:
From low plants stand outstrawberry, carpet of a chabar, Parenic plants ...This should also add sphagnum growing not in the swamp.
Naturally, viper and among other vegetation are inhabited, but the above-mentioned species are preferred, if any. In different parts of the country, snake addictions to the surrounding plants are changing several.
The arrays of mixed and deciduous forests have a noticeable advantage over coniferous forests, in terms of resettlement of snakes.
Snakes pretty willingly live in young coniferous landings. These foci do not form, but they can dwell in quantities significantly exceeding the average. As the coniferous forest rises, the viper is becoming less and less. They go to dry birch or oak glades. Most likely, this phenomenon is associated with the formation of a powerful coniferous litter (the increased acidity of such soil plays its role + coniferous phytoncides are somewhat scared).
Wajuki and open reservoirs
Do viki swim? - Yes, they can do it. But this skill practically does not use.
Gadyuks just nothing to do in water, because they are not ichthyophagi (fishing)Yes, and generally disliked high humidity.
Violeki not very well tolerate excessive humidity. In water, they are not found and do not hunt - no appearance. The viper simply can not dive, it's in olichny (ordinary and water) two lungs. And at the cool, especially for diving, one, left.
Reproduction
Violeki, unlike the thairs and poloz, do not make egg laying. Little guys right from the moment of their appearance are able to hiss from the first minutes, bite, etc.
Gadyuk Eggsifornient snake. She "wipes" kids, closed in thin, transparent "shirts". Immediately, after the appearance of God's light, the laces break through this shell, begin to breathe, and go to "free swimming". Through at all short time, the impression is changed to the skin, and from that moment the real guy life begins. And this life is not at all sweet - it is full of dangers and all sorts of surprises. The dryer, which pushed the lace can fall victim to the appetite of his intrauterine brother or sister. Mama is capable of having spoiled to holy blood bonds, to cheer in the baby. Young viper are born up to 17 cm long and already poisonous!
So if the snake masonry found is 100%, that its "authorship" belongs not to a poisonous snake.
Differences of males from females
Samtsov has no obvious "transition" of the tail from the torso. In length (if you take from the attached shield), it is almost twice as long as that of a female dimensions.
The head of the male is more elongated and flat; Neck thorough. The female head is somewhat thicker and noticeably wider.
Trick with the taking of a poisonous snake for the tail
It takes place early in the spring when the snakes are still quive, and have not achieved their normal mobility. After the cold night, the frost on the soil is also .. although it is a violation of TB
In all other cases, such a trick should not be repeated. Snake, being in normal condition, will easily get to hand, which holds it for the tail. Or on your own body scrubbing, or the max will execute.
The composition of the snake poison does not depend on the degree of "hungry or satiety". Just a long-not essa snake has the accumulation of poison maximum, because She did not spend it to kill the extraction and its subsequent digestion.
Without food, the snake can live for a very long, more than a year for sure.
Site hiss
Sweep and deck and viper only completely differently. Without seeing the Snake itself (yes, although with eyes closed), it is possible to easily determine - who of them publishes these sounds. Snake cowardly, always tries to escape rapidly. Most often hits then when she was caught, or when she driven into the "corner" and she was cut off the path to retreat. And the viper is hung in "preventive" purposes, often remaining in one place. Sounds of hissing in the horns - whistling. And Gadyuk publishes two excellent, not similar from each other "whispered", dry sound: on the breath and in exhalation (two-way hiss). Its hissing volumetric, it is not possible to immediately determine the location of the snake itself, if the grass is high and thick.
Usually snakes scare the ill-wishers with sound not on the go, but in statics. Curling and picking up the body. At the same time, the snakes swell, stretch and "lay out" the ribs, becoming fierce and wider at the same time. Visually increasing in size, trying to look larger and worse for their potential enemies (the same thing is doing all the cat, many birds, etc.). Maybe it is impressed by Lask and Mornostayev, and already starting with the cunits - no. Badgers, hedgehogs and wild boars rarely pass by, scary at the first opportunity, and no hiss and "inflation" will not help. Especially the boars are not indifferent to viper. For them, the bite is little dangerous, due to the originality of the body structure.
Attack
Before attacking, Viguka removes his head back. Sometimes before this turns its lower body into the ring. A "combat" part of the serpentine body at the same time schematically resembles a tilted plafhmy Latin letter \u003d Z \u003d. The head can be located both along the surface of the Earth, and be a bit raised.
The bite without warning is very rare., Almost always, the guy indignantly hits, expressing his extreme degree of indignation to all what is happening around it. But this is as they say in the "equal terms" you see her and she too. And unlike aspids (we have a Cobra Central Asian), in a situation when you are already seen and you are not yet, the viper will not warn about your presence, taking demonstrative postures and loudly spinning, guadyukovs do not show absolutely no nobility. They will try to drain in quiet and if it does not work - they will bite. If your leg turned out to be next to sleeping violence, then waking up, she will be the first thing to her, and then it will be possible to understand what it was.
Typically, the throw itself does not exceed the fifteen-twenty centimeters. A very large female of Gadyuki can knock out a little further from the initial position of his head. With such an attack, the snake always remains at the initial place, because Her jog is fixed. In motion she does not rush. I can not be anything or pursuit of a person and speech. It is enough to step by one and a half or two meters from the snake that prepared for the throw, and the incident from the accidental meeting with the Gad will be completely exhausted.
The boots are needed more for complacency. Above the boots - any clothes in your taste, if only branches do not scatter.
The thing is that there is a sustainable prejudice - Viper is capable of jumping. In fact, it is not possible. The disturbed viper makes sharp throws (they are confused from fear with a jump) in the direction of the razoring object. The throw is made approximately 1/3 of the body length of the snake. If an adult person has a length of 60 cm, then the maximum throw is not more than 20 cm. And it is still very important: the viper is not able to beat vertically. If the "attack object" stands on Earth, the blow will be almost parallel to the surface of the soil, or 5 cm above. Sneakers and any work trousers with cleaning on the site are quite enough in the "anti-ray" plan. Almost always snake will warn you in advance with his hiss, silent attack is extremely rare.
The emphasis when attacking Viguka does, first of all, on lightningness, and not to accuracy. When attacking, she often misses, but immediately makes the following attempt until his own. It is necessary to be attentive, as Gadyuk never attacks silently. Even if she hunts, before attacking his sacrifice, the snake publishes a loud hiss. This hiss or snort is made with a closed mouth and is caused by the fact that it inhales and exhales the air is stronger than usually. When air exhalations, the sound is strong and low, when inhalation is weaker and higher.
Poisonous apparatus Vajuk can be called perfect. If you remember, the aspids are not cleaned with poisonous teeth, they are fixed at a certain angle (because of this they can often break). Vijuki learned to press them to the nebu, removing both into the sheath, the episodes back. Thanks to this feature, some family representatives reflected 4-centimeter teeth.
During a throw, Vauduki can smooth out to 180 °, the weapon is discouted, its ends are sent forward, the victims are born into the body and the poison is injected through divergent drives.
Snakes with broken teeth are a typical phenomenon. The teeth are restored, and their owner does not lose their ability to hunt and defend. The teeth grow constantly, and change, like the skin, repeatedly during the snake life.
Loss (bummer from a solid surface) of one or both poisonous teeth is no turns around for a snake. Well, the weeks three-four weeks; In the meantime, new, even better than the previous ones will grow.
Anatomy
Two lungs at Vijuk, and one at the crap. If you approach strictly according to scientific, then the lung and at the already, and the Gadyuk is one right. About two laugh lights, I have been said for simplicity of understanding, so as not to climb on the debris. Now I will try to clarify: Violek, in the process of evolution, the back of the trachea expanded greatly, and the so-called tracheal light (second in a row) was formed. This tracheal lung participates in breathing along with ordinary right light. Hence, not entirely correct, from the point of view of anatomy, the statement that the violent has two lungs.
In addition, Viguuk still has in the rear of the right light air bag, which represents a bubble organ. No gas exchange with blood in this bubble does not occur. The bag is capable of stretching quite strongly and, accordingly, increase in volume. Because of this, just, the viper and shifts strictly in its own way, in a guy (two-way, or two tonal hissing). The reason for a well-noticeable "inflating" of the guy body is also in this.
Sometimes among the violence there are individuals, in which the rudimental left light is clearly expressed and has the size of the pea; In rare cases, the second slight can be even more, and stretched to one and a half centimeters in length.
And how to distinguish from the usual to distinguish?
The easiest way to distinguish between these two types of violence in shape and shielding heads. The steppelock is flat, and the head has a sharp "slice" in front. It gives steppe violet some "jurisdiction" and argess. Ordinary viper has a more rounded front, top of the head. In words, it is difficult to convey, and the sideline is easily.
Nostroid cuts are different:
Ordinary viper (Vipera Berus) - the nasal hole is cut into the middle of the nasal panel. Upper block edge of the muzzle stupid
Vipera Renardi Vipera Renardi - the nasal hole is cut into the lower part of the nasal panel. Upper-block edge of the muzzle
What is the difference between Renard violet from other species?
From ordinary viper (BERUS) differs in the root. But from Stephenani (Vipera Ursini) differences are much less. Until recently, it was believed that between Vipera Renardi and Ursini stood a sign of equality. The Viper Renard was called (and still called): Eastern Steppe Wayuk.
In addition to the differences in the palate and habitat, I would have allocated more features of the color of Renarda Vijuki. Typically, the guy drawing on the back is not extended - rhombic, but as if strongly compressed zigzag. If the traditional steppe melanism does not occur, then Renardi is absolutely black (so-called. Gadyuk Bashkirova).
The pupil from the viper can expand, but not up to an absolutely round form, but will resemble a geometric shape: as if two lenses folded flat sides together. This is possible with a debt of "annoyance" of the reptile.
In all the vigor with the dark coloring skins, the rainbow shell of the eye, as a rule, is not yellow. These are shades of red, dark red or dark-brown; It happens dark brown. It is permissible that on such a dark background is black, narrow, the vertical pupil is practically not noticeable.
Sometimes, especially in spring, the melanists of Viper ordinary are also suitable for a description of water intake, they have bright orange bridges on the belly.
All natural drawings on snake spins always have a clear symmetry relative to the highway. Those. If the stain or pattern is available on the right side, then almost the same pattern is always on the left (or strictly into the parallel; or with a shift, in the case of Zig Zab). It is called the right geometry. The face of the catcher always finds even the snake perfectly among herbs precisely at a certainly repeated pattern.
And chaotic spaced spots are extraneous particles on the skin. They should not be misleading.
Young, just hatched guy often differ in color from their adult relatives. More or less characteristic of their form color appears after several lines. Even the dark violets of Nikolsky or Common Melanysts have fresh spodes of bright and "merry" colors. But closer to the location to wintering begin to look different.
Hunting
If this is a hunting in pure form, then the guy can both open and hide under a low branch or grass. Places Zasad chooses arbitrarily, but taking into account the presence of alleged production. For example: a meal heat, mosquitoes are hiding from the sun under wide leaves of Lopukhov, "on mosquitoes" periodically resorted by lizards hunting on them (and in the evening there are still frogs with the toads) - Hungry viper is here. The same goes for places of cluster flies, worms, slugs, larvae, etc. Mice and earthroowing at dusk begin to fuss in search of food - viper and there is no dormant. It falls in places where misery runs most often. If there are any natural shelters - it uses them for the purpose of camouflage.
Rarely, but it happens that Viper shoves chicks-naked small birds, nesting on earth (or eggs themselves). A snake can be on the voice of such an adult bird of a snake and stop the nest - if the masonry is not yet, then a small bird is quite combined for a sticky meal. A predator can be placed in an open place and wait for the cicada or grasshopper to land nearby and started their rigging. Such examples can be given a lot.
P.S. The places of their ambushes Gadyuk instinctively choose so that the prospect of the speedy catch is. Waiting for prey can quite a long time, how much external conditions allow. With the heat all the snakes are not up to hunt, because Energopoteries are minimal, they would be chill where to find.
One gram of dry matter should be reloading more than 220 full-fledged, pre-felt adult viper (for a steppe - twice as much).
Thanks Zmeelov for the information provided!
Snakes in water and in water
Snakes of most species cannot live in distance from water, and, of course, meetings of people with them are not uncommon. This is not always safe. How to behave when meeting with snakes? We were asked to tell A. Nedlikova, for more than 20 years studying the biology of some kinds of snakes, in the past of the serpent catcher brigadier, the head of the Department of Biology of the Ministry of Law.
In the post-Soviet space there are 56 species of snakes. Among them, 5 are not poisonous, but evil, capable of applying very painful bites, and 10 - poisonous, whose bites can be dangerous for life. Where do they live?
1st zone (tundra). Here, allegedly, there is no snake. However, in some places in Lestreadra, reindeer herds complain that the animals suffer from snake bites. Apparently, there is an ordinary violence there, but I did not find this literature about this available to me, but I didn't have to visit those in those places.
2nd zone. This is the average strip of Russia, the northern border of which runs about 61-63 ° Northern latitude, and South - 46 degrees of northern latitude, Western - coincides with the state border of Russia and Eastern - with the shores of the Pacific Ocean. Here you can meet the serpent of only 4 species.
The 3rd zone starts from the edge of the 2nd zone, and in the south of her border passes along the northern shores of the Black, Azov, Caspian and Aral Seas, then she runs through the Kazakhstan steppe to Lake Balkhash and the Range Dzhungarian Alatau. In the West, the zone captures the Carpathians and in the eastern direction - the Central Black Earth Regions, the Lower Volga region, Western and Central Kazakhstan, up to Tien Shan. 17 species of snakes live in this zone, including 2 species not to poisonous, but evil, caused painful bites, and 3 - poisonous.
In the 4th zone (Krasnodar and Stavropol Territory, the Republic of Northern Caucasus, Kalmykia) there are 14 types of snakes, including 3 species and poisonous are conditionally dangerous.
5th Zone (Crimea, Caucasus, Transcaucasia), can be said, replete snakes. Here they are numbered 24 types, including conditionally dangerous 5 species and poisonous 6 species. In the Crimea from poisonous snakes there is only a guy steppe.
In the 6th zone (Central Asian republics and the south of Kazakhstan) there are 28 species of snakes, among which are 3 convention and dangerous and 5 species of dangerous poisonous.
Finally, in the 7th zone (Far East) there are 15 types of snakes, of which are poisonous 3. In the "Amphive and Reptile USSR" reference book ("Thought", 1971), such a curious fact is given: on the shore of the bay, south of Vladivostok , a two-color pelamic was found - a poisonous sea snake.
In this article, I will tell you more about the types of conditionally dangerous and poisonous snakes, which can meet an amateur fisherman, as well as about some snakes that harm when breeding fish in ponds.
Snakes that feed on fish
Water is found in 3, 4, 5 and 6 zones. This is a large snake up to 160 cm long. The bodies from gray-green color with dark spots and transverse stripes to almost black coloring.
Bright spots on the head, like an ordinary horse, no. Belubo white, yellowish, pink-red, dark gray, very often motley, like a chessboard.
Spearly dives and swims. In mountain rivers with rather cold water, hunting for fish, drains under water, between stones. Activated from March to November, but in water only from May to September.
With danger, it is usually saved under water, where it can stay more than half an hour. If you do not manage to get to the water, turns into the ball, hits and throws his head towards the enemy. It is not dangerous to take it with your hand, but it can seek a flicker liquid.
Food is powered by water and amphibians. In the pond farms, it turns out to be a serious pest, as the firings and Godovikov carp will be eagerly eaten. On wintering is going to large groups. For example, on one wintering under Tashkent, more than 200 already found.
And here's another curious fact. In Moscow from under Astrakhan, self-propelled barge brought reed slabs. In the southern port, movers refused to unload these plates, as they had a lot of snakes. At the invitation of the port leadership, I caught about 600 water intake on this barge, which gathered in reed slabs on wintering from autumn.
Water dips usually use the same wintering from year to year. Sometimes they crawl winter from a reservoir to a distance of two kilometers.
Water curtains are so greedy that sometimes penetrate the mesh fishermen sages and there are small fish, after which they can't get out of the sidet: the belly-swords of the groken fish do not allow them to crawl through the sidel. Often, frightened fisherman throws a saddle along with a catch, believing that Gürza got into it. This dangerous snake really looks like water horns, it does not eat fish. Therefore, take the cage away from the shore, carefully unleash the neck, get rid of the bold thief and save your catch.
Fish occupy a significant place in the food of dosnones - snakes living in the Far East (zone 7). However, their lifestyle is weakly studied, and therefore it is difficult to judge whether the dryosons can cause noticeable harm to fish farms.
Do not be afraid of fish and deck - ordinary (zone 2, 3, 4 and 5) and tiger (zone 7). Switching fish was also found in the stomachs of the polishes of the patterned (zone 4, 5, 6 and 7), the large-eyed (zone 6) and the monolaypine (zone 7).
From poisonous snakes, as far as is known, the fish swallows only the Eastern Shielding. Obviously, in the places of great accumulation of these snakes, they devour a lot of fishing juveniles. However, this is just my assumption, and it needs to be verified.
Not poisonous but aggressive snakes
Poloz yellowochius is found in zones 3, 4, 5 and 6, but for the most part of Kazakhstan, this species does not live, and in Zone 6 it is found only in the south of Turkmenistan. This is a large snake up to one and a half meters long. Coloring adults - from almost black to olive gray on the back, but the belly is always bright with a yellowish tinge.
This snake can be found in the steppes, semi-desert, on the field, in the beam, on the rocky and ripples of the reservoirs, in forest belts and gardens. Hunt yellow-born day. Food is small mammals, lizards, snakes, birds. Crawls very quickly. When meeting with a person (especially in the spring and early summer), it is often not only not ashamed, but makes throws to a meter in his direction. May clutch or hand. However, yellow-borough does not poison and the wound from his bite usually quickly overcomes.
Poloz Olive dwells in the 5th zone and in the south of Turkmenistan. Adults sometimes reach a meter of length. Top body - olive color with brown, brown, gray or greenish tint. On the front of the front of the body on one row of spots, outlined dark border, sometimes this border is yellowish. When meeting with a person, it is usually trying to console, but when pursued is defended and may even attack. Bites are painful and long bleed.
Poloz multicolored is a resident of 5 and 6th zones. This is quite a long (up to meter), but not very thick snake. Torm top with a brown or yellowish tint. Along the back - a number of dark (to black) transverse strips. Sometimes the serpent is black only head. I quite often found Chernogol Poles on the cluster shores of the rivers and streams.
The bites of multicolored cauldron are pretty unpleasant, especially since clutching in her hand, he hangs on her like a bulldog. But after the bite, the hand scares not much and only the traces of snake teeth remain on the skin on the skin. Of course, the wounds, as in all other cases, should be disinfected by iodine, green and alcohol.
Cat Snake Caucasian is found in the 4th and 5th zones. Not very large (up to 75 cm), a torso on top of gray or dark gray with stains along the ridge. Belo in small specks. Pupil - vertical. Does not avoid the proximity of man and quite often come across the reed floors of the surviving buildings. Hunting in the evening and morning hours, and in the afternoon it is hiding in the creams, under the stones. Very good crashes on the sheer stone surfaces.
Some literary sources report that the bite of cat snake for a person is harmless. I would not say that. I saw a man who branched this snake. The tumor on his hand was held almost a week, and the pain was felt in a half months.
The lizard snake lives in zones 3, 4, 5. It happens very large, about two meters long, and meter snakes are not uncommon. The torso of the lizard snake is not very thick, so it gives the impression of rapid and slim. The color of the body is dark olive, brownish or grayish-brown. Pupil round. Snakes are often held in rocky places with semi-desert vegetation, but often the "guest" in the gardens, on the vineyards and the shores of the irrigation canals. Feels preferably lizards and snakes, including steppe violets.
Usually, at a meeting with a person, it is hidden or trying to flush, but, pressed or pursued, resists desperately. And it is not shy to let go and teeth.
Poisonous snakes
Viotushka ordinary occurs throughout the area 2 and in Zone 3 on the Carpathians. This is perhaps the most numerous and most common kind of poisonous snakes in the USSR. The usual length is 50 cm, but separate individuals reach 90 cm. Coloring of the common body background - gray, brown, redhead, brown and solid black. On the back (of course, except for black snakes) a characteristic zigzag strip of black, brown (very rarely red) color. If the head of the snake is not visible, do not rush to grab it, as black viper is easy to confuse with an ordinary. This happened to me.
Vijuki live foci most often near the rigid moss swamps, floodplain meadows, in pine bodies and mixed forests. Active viper from the moment the first protalin appears to the first snow. Their foods make up mice, frogs, caviar frogs, lizards.
Vauduki swim very well and flooded in warm water from the shore at a distance of up to 5 km. I saw several times as they became prey of predatory fish. In the dry years, the main mass of Gadyuk is going at the sources of water: along the shores of the streams, rivers and lakes.
Quite often you can hear the stories of "eyewitnesses", as Vijuki crawled into the tents and even left without supervision of the boots. I study Gadyuk since 1964 and many times for a long time I lived in a tent in the most "snake" places. Never, Vajuki did not creep into the tent, nor the more in the boots. Gadyuk has a good sense of smell, and I believe that the "aromas" of a person is well known to her and do not deliver pleasure. Sometimes Vijuki-females were one and a half dozens of meters from me all summer (before childbirth, which are held in August-September), and we remained peaceful neighbors.
The bites of violence are painful, cause overall poisoning of the body, but not deadly. I specifically collected materials on the consequences of the ukuuses of Gadyuk in Pskov, Kalininskaya, Vologda, Novgorod regions and in Belarus. I managed to familiarize yourself with almost 10,000 stories of diseases branched, and only in two cases death came after the bite. And both times - due to improper and late medical care.
The place branched the place usually quite swells. Sometimes the victim is sick, but after providing him with special medical care, it recovers after 10-12 days. Just do not need to drag the bruised hand or foot: it will not delay the actions of the poison, but, on the contrary, will strengthen it.
Viguka Steppe meets in zones 3, 4, 5 and 6. Snake small; Its normal length is 35-40 cm, the largest - 55-57 cm. The shared background of the body is a brown-gray. On the back - a dark zigzag or a band, sometimes intermittent. Active from March to November. Habitat - clay and solonchard steppes.
In the spring, while the grass is green, the viper is sprawling along the steppe. As the grass burns out, they are moved into the floodplains of rivers, on the shores of the streams, in wet shorts and form clusters, sometimes very large. So, in the floodplain of the river or (Kazakhstan) on the square in several square kilometers in my participation, more than 20 thousand steppe guards were caught in one season.
Often snakes lie under the rollers of the hay. It must be remembered to fishermen lovers in Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan, who go to steppe rivers or lakes and use fresh hay for overnight.
Poison Steppe Vijuki is considered weaker than that of violence ordinary. But when one of the laboratory was bittenitated by steppe violence after the snake was selected poison, the victim lost his eyesight for quite a long time. So you should not joke with steppe violets.
Hajuk Caucasian is less common; It dwells only in zone 5. The usual length is 40-50 cm. The main color of the body is from straw-yellow to brick-red. Along the ridge is a wide dark or black band, sometimes torn to individual stains. The head is often black on top. There are also very black snakes.
It keeps on the forest covered mountains and subalpine meadows. The bite for a person is considered more dangerous than the violence of ordinary. Known cases with fatal. Fans of fishing trout in the mountain rivers of the Caucasus should remember.
The view of this rare and is listed in the Red Book not only Russia, but also the International Union of Nature Protection (IUCN). When meeting, try to bypass the snake side, at least in order not to reduce the number of these, already without the disappearing animals.
The gadget is also inhabited by the zone 5. Larger than Caucasian, the usual length is 6 & -70 cm. Torbish from above is yellow-wat-brown, gray or reddish-brown, with a dark or black zigzag, sometimes with rhombus or transverse stains. At the tip of the muzzle - soft, directed up, scaly process.
It is found on the stony slopes, in mixed and coniferous mountain forests, in shrubs on the shores of the reservoirs.
The view is very rare, included in the red books.
Najuka Maja Siazia - another resident of zone 5. It is considered very rare, but in some areas of Armenia is quite numerous. Snake is large, often length about meter and thick (trick of the body) to 10 cm. The top of the body is dark gray, black, and in spring and dark blue. Along the ridge - one row of yellowish, orange or light brown spots. The view is high-mountainous, dwells at an altitude of 1200 to 3000 m above sea level. Mountains of mountain forests and grinding shrubs near the pounds of large stones and rocks. Wintering in Rasseks rocks, gathering large groups. Spring appears depending on the weather, but not later than the first decade of May. Quite often forms clusters on the rocks near the waterfalls.
Poison of low-apiaty violence is stronger than the Gurza. When meeting with a person, it is usually hidden and prefers unnoticed the ravis.
Located in the Red Books of Russia and IUCN.
Gurza - the famous violet vichuk (so translates its Latin name) - perhaps the most dangerous poisonous snake. It occurs in zones 4, 5 and 6.
Scientists allocate two varieties of Gurzy: Central Asian and Transcaucasian. The catchers of Gurza know that the Central Asian in turn is divided into external signs of flat and mountain form. Transcaucasian and flat forms have a color from light to dark gray with an olive or brown tint. Dark spots go along the ridge, on both sides are also dark spots, but in bed. In the snakes living in Turkestan, Zeravshansky, Nuratinsky ridges and the Pamir, the overall background of the color of the body - from steel to the blue, and spots - rzavo-red. Among the mountainous Gurz meets and completely black. Plain Gurza is significantly larger than mountain. The average length of them is 120-130 cm, but they come across and snakes are more than two meters long and thick in the hand of an adult man. The average length of mountain ranges is 70 cm, and the highest - 160.
Like all guadukovy, Gurzy live foci, but in the mountains, foci is much more dense than on the plain. Usually in the spring they will crawl into place of the summer hunt, and in the fall - back, to wintering, although they do not fall into the hibernate and in warm sunny days they get to warm up to the sunshine. At the end of May, Gurez comes a pairing period, during which several males are going near one female. These snakes guard the female and may be the first to attack anyone who will come close to her.
Before the heat of the Gurza is active in the afternoon, and then they go to the night lifestyle. On the Plain, the Gurza is kept near the colonies of rodents, pink starlings and birds-Nornikov (church, swallows, etc.), along the edge of Tugaev, in the valleys of desert rivers. They love to swim very much, especially in warm, warm water. Mountain Gurza usually hunt near water sources, while they lie in the rocks near the springs, in the thickets of mint, cane and barbed shrub - Chingil. In the afternoon, hide in temporary shelters: under the stones, in old nora, in Rasseks, rocks. Very often they live in the ruins of old buildings. In the heat of Gurza, they are pinned with water to get drunk. I caught these snakes, swollen from water like bottles.
Gurzy is generally cowardly, but in the spring and early summer the males are aggressive and attack unexpectedly. Fans of fishing Marinki in mountain rivers on the Pamirs, Zeravshan and Turkestan ridges need to know about this feature of Gurez. On the islands of the Syrdarya and Amu Darya rivers, there are also Gurza, and they are no less dangerous than their tribesmen in the mountains. Hunting on birds, Mountain Gurza is closed by ya branches of trees and bushes, often growing over water. Worried, they rush straight from the branches and float into the shelter.
The efa sandy dwells in zone 6. The average length is about 50 cm. Painted Pestro and beautiful: on a light brown or sandy background on the sides of the body Zigzag stretch white or yellow lines. On the back, closer to the middle, symmetrically zigzags on the sides - the same whitish or yellow specks. On the head sharply highlights almost the right white or yellow cross. Oddly enough, such a painting is a patronage: for an inexperienced eye, a fixed Efa often remains invisible. It should be remembered by a fisherman-fisherman on the shores of River Surkhandarya, Kizyl-Su and others in the Surkhandarya region, in Turkmenistan and Karakalpakia. Slippers and sneakers do not protect the legs from the teeth of the eph. Boots are more reliable.
I was able to catch EF on the shores of Surkhandarya, in the vicinity of the city of Termez. Snakes met on the dried rods of old Arykov, under the cliffs of river banks and near the creaked global walls of abandoned buildings. Quite often they came across 20-30 m from residential buildings.
There are ephs in the pose of "plates" characteristic of them: the torso is curved by a double arc, head - in the center of these arcs. Noticing a person, the efa remains stationary for some time, and then makes threatening movements. At the same time, the bends of the arc rub each other and produce a sound that resembles the hiss of droplets of water falling on a chipped frying pan. I have never heard that the ephards are sided like other snakes. If a person retreats, the efa calms down and lies motionless again. If it approaches, the snake makes sharp drops of his head and, while maintaining the "plates" pose, is moving sideway to the nearest mink or crack. Once near the shelter, she immediately eludes him.
Cobra Central Asian dwells only in zone 6. Places where it can be found: foothills, mountain gorges and sands. Not so rarely they live along the banks of rivers, reservoirs and canals.
The average length of the cobra is 120 cm, but there are individuals with a length of up to 250 cm. Cobra thinned Gurza and looks not so ugly. She has a slim body, and scales smooth and brilliant. The characteristic distinctive sign of Cobra is its pose of a threat at which it raises the front of the body over the ground and straightens the skin folds (hood) under his head. Indian cobra on the hood has a drawing similar to glasses. For this drawing, Cobru and called the points of the Snake. Cobrass inhabiting in our country, there is no such drawing. Adult cobra painted in brown, sometimes with steel tump.
Cobra is very careful. Noticing a man, she quickly crashes in the nearest shelter. If the shelter is far, the cobra is first hidden, and when it is discovered, it takes a pose of the threat, it will break off and shake out of side. In the behavior of the Cobra noteworthy two circumstances: the first - the cobra never bites, without accepting the threat time, and the second - can hit the enemy head, without opening the mouth, that is, trying to scare him, not put into the course of poisonous teeth. If a person is retreating, the cobra rushes to the nearest shelter. It is rushing, because it is so rapidly moving that even it is difficult to catch up with running. Behind the man Cobra never chases and no one does not picked it up in an ambush.
The Schyamior Ordinary - a relative of the famous American food snakes - is found in Zones 2 (South Siberia), 3, 4 (North Kalmykia), 5 (south of Azerbaijan), 6 and 7. Snake sizes are average. Color - yellowish gray with dark transverse stripes on the torso. Sometimes the overall color of the color has a pinkish shade.
Live a shielding of the foci, population of mountain forests, thickets of shrub, steppes, semi-desert, subalpine meadows. The detected snake is not in a hurry to hurry, but accepts the pose of the threat, which is very peculiar to it: it turns into the ball, hits and finely shakes the tip of the tail. The disturbed shielding often emits a characteristic, unpleasant smell that is felt even at a distance of 4-5 m.
The bite of this snake is painful, but deaths are not observed.
The Schyamior Eastern dwells in Zone 7. Like his ordinary "relative", has an average size (length 50-55 cm). From above the body of a brown-gray or brown. Bocames are a number of large elliptical spots, brighter inside.
It holds on the edges of the forest, glades, in the thickets of shrub, on old rice fields and stony slopes of hills. Fuckingly floats and if you catch fish. Basic food - frogs and rodents. Poisonous, but the deaths of people from his bites are unknown.
Well, and how to be if you met a snake on fishing! First of all, it should be firmly remembered: the snake, as a rule, does not attack the first on a person (the exception is the males of Gurza), but this does not mean that it does not attend the attempt to enter into contact with her and impunity. Any living creature values \u200b\u200bfreedom and protects it with all available ways. Including teeth. Well, if the teeth are these poisonous, then ...
Arkady Nestlkov
Loading...
