The unique miracle of the world is the Ussuri Taiga. More than 400 species of trees will grow here, among which are exotic: Mongolian oak, Korean cedar, manchur walnut, Amur velvet. In these parts, the unique collection of endemic plants, which is not anywhere in the world. Among such a variety of plants live no less rare and unique animals of the Russian Far East.
About animals living in the Far East, and will be discussed in this article.
General
Animals that are typical inhabitants of the jungle, perfectly adapted to life in the harsh environment of the climate of the Far East. The air temperature in the winter time here can reach -45 ° C, and the snow cover has a thickness of 2 meters. Among these animals is the Amur Tiger ("Master of the Taiga of Ussuriyskaya"), leopard, Bear Belogruda, spotted deer, Goral and Harza.
Some animals of the Far East of our territory representing the hunting object were reset and acclimatized on vast expanses of Russia and the world. These are, first of all, spotted deer and a raccoon dog. But some kinds of animals were delivered here, for example, ondatra and hare-rusak.
Brief about Nature
Before you submit information about what animals in the Far East live, consider some features of the nature of the region. The Far East has a unique ecosystem that combines the tundra zone and forest. Are acclaimed in the region in different natural zones:
- tundra;
- desert Arctic;
- forests coniferous (light, dark, dark, coniferous-birch);
- forest-steppe;
- forests coniferous-wide.
In such natural zones and climatic conditions, different, therefore the world of fauna and flora differs.
About animals of the Far East
In the most distant region of Russia with a harsh climate, a total of 80 terrestrial mammals inhabit, from which only 24 species represent hunting objects. Very rare species listed in the Red Book of Russia and IUCN are more than half of the varieties of animals. In the coastal waters of the Okhotsk and Japanese seas there are 21 types of marine mammals.
The largest animals of the Far East are Tigers (Amur and Ussuriysky), bears (Himalayan and brown). More information about them below in the article.
Animals of this region are unique and interesting.
Ussurian tiger
This is the largest cat in the world - a mighty and strong beast. The adult male reaches a weight up to 300 kg, but such a mass does not prevent him from it easily and silently move around the reeds, not attracting attention to himself, and be a wonderful hunter. Wild cat hunts on boars, elk, deer and hares. There are cases of attack and bear.
The female gives birth, as a rule, 2-3 young, remaining up to three years near her, gradually learning the Azam hunting art.
Amur leopard
Speaking of animals of the Far East, it is impossible not to mention the Amur Leopard, which is recognized as the rare cat in the wild. This species, today on the verge of extinction, is extremely beautiful. In total, only about 30 individuals of the Amur Leopard are now numbered, and in the zoos of their order hundred.
In Korea, these surprisingly beautiful leopards are fully exterminated, in China are found by single specimens, perhaps these are individuals that come to them from Russia. Forest fires, poachers and lack of food are a threat to such animals.
Himalayan Bear
Among the animals of the Far East there is a predator - the Himalayan Bear. It is much smaller in size than his relative - brown. The Bear of Himalayan is unusually beautiful - its black wool is blown into the sun, and there is a white stain on the chest. He loves to be fenced with nuts, acorns and roots. In winter, stacked in a hibernation inside a large pine wruffer, cedar or oak. Sleep continues for five months. The female gives birth to cubs usually in February, and the youngsters remain with it until the next autumn.
What other animals live?
Very rich in animal world Far East. Typical taiga Siberian types:
- squirrel;
- sable;
- chipmunk;
- ryabik and others.
Animals of Chinese and Indo-Malay origin (except those presented above):
- red Wolf;
- cat forests;
- mie Moeler;
- hare Manchursky.
Unfortunately, barbaric attitude towards the unique nature of the Far East jeopardized the full survival of some of its inhabitants. Today, serious work is underway to improve such a situation.
Yandex.Taxi will launch the service of freightThe new service will provide the opportunity to order a cargo transportation on two tariffs. You can also use the loader service. The first tariff allows you to order a passenger car (Citroen Berlingo and Lada Largus) with a total capacity of not more than 1 ton. In the second tariff, low-tonnage vans are presented with a carrying capacity of up to 3.5 tons, for example, Citroen Jumper and Gazelle NEXT. Cars will be no older than 2008, reports Kommersant.
Also, customers will be able to order transport with loaders, but if the driver works alone, it will not receive such orders. Yandex.Taxi promises "Special bonuses for some partners and drivers" connected to the new tariff.
Far East - the most remote Territory of Russia. The Far East includes expanses from the Sea of \u200b\u200bOkhotsk to Chukotka. The nature of the Far East is rather Surov, since the mainland in the north and northeast occurs with the waters of the Arctic pool.
In the relief of the northeastern part of Asia dominate Mountains and plateaus. In the West, the Territory of the Far East is deliberate by the Ranges of Verkhoyansky and Suuntar Hayat.
Swampy lowland plains occupy a small part of this area. They are located along the coast of the Arctic seas and in some areas of the Anadyr River. In the potion, Kolyma and Chukotka there is a rather harsh climate with low temperatures.
The most cold area is the center of Kolyma, where the average annual temperature is equal - 140c. In the area of \u200b\u200bthe coast, the temperature rises to - 30s. In winter, the weather is predominantly clear and frosty. The air is cooled to - 600C. In the summer, the air is well warmed in areas located far from the ocean. But the hot weather does not even happen in the summer. Only in the taiga temperature can rise to + 350c. In the areas of the coast in the summer period is much colder.
Rivers, even large, in flow Winters are often fully free. Snow cover is insignificant. Therefore, during a flood, the water level on a lot is not rising. But in the summer, when heavy rains are held, the water level increases significantly. In the river rivers, fallen trees are often gathering. With their large clusters, they form peculiar barricades. In the valleys of rivers in the northeastern part over the winter period there are land.
For shipping Only three rivers are suitable: Kolyma, Osolon and Anadyr. On the territory of the Far East there are many rivers with a rapid flow and a large number of thresholds. There is a large number of small lakes here. Basically, they are located in the floodplains and delta rivers. There are lakes of ancient glacial origin, such as Lake Jack London. In Chukotka, there is a unique lake - Elgygethin (non-freezing lake). It is located in the mainland crater. In the Magadan region there are hot springs. Their water temperature varies from + 250c to + 920c. In one of the most famous sources - Talai water temperature is + 900C.
Eternal Merzlota prevents the formation of a good soil layer. Even in the forest strip, the soil cover is only 40 - 50 cm. The slopes of high mountains usually do not have vegetation, as they are covered with stones. Only in the valleys of large rivers there are turf-meadow soils. True, they are not very fertile.
In the northeast there are two natural zones: Tundra and Taiga. They are peculiar to each other. At the bottom of the mountains, as a rule, growing larch and birch-laratory forests. Above there is a plot of cedar staber. Even above are mountainous lichen tundra. On the coast of the Okhotsk Sea, the highest border of the forest is at an altitude of 400 - 400 m. Even above, you can meet the forest thickets in the upper reaches of Kolyma. Here, vegetation rises to a height of up to 1200 m. To the north of the trees on the lowerland of Kolyma do not extend. Here their upper frontier is only 200 - 250 m.
Animals living in tundra or taiga, unhindered Change its location. In Tundra, the white bear and reindeer are usually found in Tundra. Squirrels, lynx, wolverines and brown bears are common in the taiga. In the warm season, a large number of migratory birds arrive in the tundra: swans, ducks, geese and partridges. In the taiga from birds there are: Ryabchiki, Glukhary, Dyatlah, Cedings, Fresh and Drozda. Mountain areas have many animals. First of all, these are snow leopards and cabaggs that live mountain tundra, in areas devoid of woody vegetation.
Diversity Marine I. river Fauna of the Far East. In rivers at certain periods, pink salmon, quiet and nurses are found. In small rivers and streams, sometimes smoking. In the seas and on sea coasts there are channels, seats, walruses and seals. In the northern part of the Sea of \u200b\u200bOkhotsk, "Seld sharks" are found. They enter the water of this sea followed by their prey - fish shoals.
On fisheries and hunting here are strict restrictions. On the island of Wrangel is the reserve. The climate is rather harsh. The relief of the reserve is lowland and plains. About the third part of the year there is a polar winter. Only in July, the ice begins to break, and the first divorces appear. Trees and shrubs here do not grow here, since the most of the year strong winds and frosts are dominated here. White bears and sands live here. Often, "bird markets" are formed here. From the sea animals on the island of Wrangel there are metropolis and lahtak. All these representatives of the animal world are strictly protected.
Far East Relief Along marine The coasts and the islands are predominantly mountains. Their appearance and origin are different. In the south, there is a Highlands Sikhote-Alin, whose height reaches 2077 m. In the east, the slopes of the Highlands borders with the sea. In the West there is a gradual decrease in the height of up to 300 - 400 m. Here the Highlands goes to the Amur Valley. On Sakhalin there are two mountain ranges: West and East Sakhalin. Sometimes there are very strong earthquakes. The mountains of the Kuril Islands go to a depth of 8 km.
Most of these mountains are volcanoes, both extinct and operating. The greatest height of the Kuril mountains is 2339 M - Alaid volcano. On the peninsula of Kamchatka there is a large number of mountain ranges and volcanic arrays. The highest point of the mountains of Kamchatka is the volcano of the Klyuchevskaya Sopka, which reaches 4750 m.
Climate of the Far East in dependencies The geographic location has its own characteristics. For Sientete-Alin and the Amur region, a moderately warm climate is characterized, which is influenced by the wet monsonic climate. Kuriles and Kamchatka are under the influence of a cool and excessive wet zone. In the south of Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands there are undergrings consisting of spruce and birch in combination with bamboo. On the Kuril Islands there are stone birch, herbaceous plants characteristic of meadows, as well as a cedar staber and larch in mountainous areas. In Primorye, coniferous and coniferous forests grow mainly.
The Far East is the most distant region of Russia, which has a fairly harsh climate. The Ussuri Taiga is a unique natural heritage, more than 400 species of trees are growing on its territory (among them Korean oak). Many endemic are inhabited here, that is, there are no more anywhere in the world, representatives of the fauna. Animals are interesting and unique, many of their species are listed in the Red Book.
Amur leopard
Amur recognized as the most rare wild cat in the world. The view on the verge of extinction is unusually beautiful. Now approximately 30 individuals of the Amur Leopard live on freedom, and in zoos - the order of one hundred (all of one male). On the territory of Korea, these wonderful leopards are completely exterminated, in China they are found in isolated cases. Most likely, these are individuals coming from the Russian territory. Many animals of the Far East are on the verge of extinction, as well as the threat to them are not only poachers, but also forest fires, a decrease in the number of food.
Ussurian tiger
Tiger - the largest cat in the world. The male in the flourish years has weight up to 300 kg. This is a strong and mighty beast. The weight of the tiger does not prevent him from being an excellent hunter and move around the reeds, without making the slightest shore. He hunts on the moose, kabanov, deer, hares, can attack even on a small bear.
Animals of the Far East tremble at night, having shook his formidable and mighty roar. The female Tiger gives birth to two or three young who remain with her up to three years, knowing the basics of hunting art. At the same time feed on the Mother of Mother Tigrite only to six months.
Far East Animals: Himalayan Bear
This predator is much smaller than his close relative - a brown bear. That is why the first tries not to meet on narrow paths with the second. But the Himalayan Bear is very beautiful, his black wool glitters and shifts into the sun, and the chest decorates a white stain. Like many animals of the Far East, the bear loves to be touched by acorns, nuts and roots. Hugging the impressive fat stock over the summer, the animal is placed in a hibernation in a cozy large hump of cedar, pine or oak. The hook continues for five months. In February, the Medveditsa gives birth to the bear, which remains with it until the next autumn.
The nature of the Far East is beautiful and unique. It is necessary to make all the forces to keep it for our descendants!
The animal world is also rich in giants. In the Far East, the largest cat in Russia lives in Russia - the Ussuri Tiger (a mass of about 250 kg), the most largest snake in our country - the Amur Poloz (length of up to 2 m), the biggest beetle in Russia is the Ussuri Relic Ussach (the length of the male 10 cm, Females - 8.5 cm). The meadows fly extraordinarily large and beautiful butterflies - Mahaon Maak and the Rainbow of the Schrenk (wings scope of 11 cm); A huge manchurian crane wanders on the swamps (height to 1.5 m, the scope of the wings is more than 2 m, the mass of about 10 kg). Gigantism is observed in marine animals. For example, Far Eastern oysters weigh up to 2 kg and occupy a whole plate (they are eaten with a knife and forks), while the Black Sea oyster does not exceed several grams. Kamchatka crab is huge: he has a distance from the end of one leg to the other reaches 3 m.
In the conditions of exceptional humidity of the deciduous, forests of the Far East, the trees in them become dumplings and give the shelter with a variety of animals. In the duplach, a yellow-spinning mukholovka, gray starlets, barrier strife, a rustled woodpecker, a glandy owl, a half aless duck-tangerine and other feathered dumplings are settled. In addition, the heap uses Amur poloz, which penetrate there in search of bird eggs, chicks and adult birds. In the fall, Himalayan black bears are also closed in the hollow of large trees, which arrange the lair for the winter in them and sleep here until spring.
The abundance of nuts, acorns, all sorts of berries, grapes, mushrooms, juicy shoots and wood bark provides nutritious and diverse feed animals of Far Eastern forests. Along with the mammals (protein, chipmunk, columns, wild boar) in the largest forests and the Far East and the Far East meadows are also found and some typical birds and beasts. A raccoon dog (Ussuri Raccoon), Kharza-Charza, Far Eastern Cat, Mogher, Far Easy Cat, Maul, Mogeer, Spotted Deer - Maral and Razubr, Mountain Horam, Dangerous Predators - Tiger, Leopard and Red Wolf. Near the water bodies, in coastal thickets and in the meadows there are various feathery with bright plumage - pheasants, Chinese Ibis, Mandarinka, many herons (green quax, chestnut top), white stork, drof, quail, Manchurian crane.
From other animals, it is necessary to name a beautiful tiger horny (green with black transverse stripes, mixed with red in front of the body), which is powered by frogs and other grains. In the meadows of the Amur region, except for a drof and quail, live black and panies Lun, Long-dead Suslik and his worst enemy - steppe ferret, and in the meadows of Primorye - Mine-shaped rodents - a manchuric church and a rat hamster. The water bodies lives the original Far Eastern (or Chinese) soft-sized turtle.
Among the inhabitants of the Far East there are rare, disappearing animals (tiger, leopard, red wolf, Groa, spotted deer, white Far Eastern stork, tangerine, drof, etc.), which are included in the list of strictly protected species in the "International Red Book".
In this book, the schoolboy and the young naturalist will find material for extracurricular reading, as well as additional and reference material to the textbook of zoology.
Separate essays are not interconnected, therefore it is not necessary to read the whole book in a row.
The book introduces the reader with a variety of animal world of the USSR and foreign countries. Along the way, information about the meaning of animals in nature, human economic activity is given.
Part of the material is set out in the form of questions and answers. The section "Insect stories" was written by a candidate of biological sciences Yu. M. Zalessky.
In the third edition, the text is changed and supplemented in places; The necessary corrections are made, several new drawings have been added. The head of "Zoology in matters and answers" is complemented by new issues; The order of their distribution is changed in accordance with the zoological system.
Ya. Qiger.
Book:
| <<< Назад
|
Forward \u003e\u003e\u003e |
The southern part of the Soviet Far East, Primorye and the Amur region, for wealth and variety of nature, is one of the most remarkable places of our Motherland.
Everything is special and unique here: both landscape, and climate, and vegetation, and the animal world.
Mountain ridges, cropped forests, intersect with extensive plains. From the bare vertices of the mountains (Golts), it can be seen how far cedar, larch and broad-sized forests stretch along the sides, and even further on the horizon, the blue strip of the sea sparkles.
Long, warm and wet summer, causing the rapid growth of herbs, shrubs and trees, is replaced by severe, dry, solar and low-snow in winter.
Naturalist and an amateur of nature in the Far East affects primarily an amazing combination of southern plants and animals with the taped, northern.
In Primorye, there are places where the Manchurian walnut walks alongside the cedar and the fir, and the vine of wild grapes are wrapped around the ate. Aspen and linden familiar to us are interspersed with a cork tree and Dauria larch. The latter is the most common tree of the Far East - is distinguished by exceptional strength. There are thickets of Manchurian apple tree, apricot, Ussuri cherry.
Trees and shrubs are sent to amur grapes, sweet, fragrant actinidia, a fragile lemongrass and other curly plants.
All the vegetation of the Far East is adapted to sharp shivel and hot summer shifts. This feature with great insight was used by I. V. Michuryin in his work on the removal of new breeds of fruit and berry crops, in which high yields, frost resistance and the resistance of the wild Ussuri plant are combined with the valuable qualities of gentle cultural fruit plants of the southern countries.
Only here, in the Far East, in the field of Sikhote-Alin, a significant meaning of joint habitat and tiger and taiga animals are marked: sable, reindeer. Typical cat northern forests, lynx, lives in the Ussuri region along with the bloodthirsty predator of the tropics - leopard. and the biggest view of the wild cat - Far Eastern forest cat.
In addition to the brown bear, there is a glossy-black, with a white stain on the chest the black, or himalayan Bear - The inhabitant of mountain forests of South Asia.
In the Ussuri region, the number is higher than the brown. It is more than a brown bear, adapted to the lasagna in trees, where it will be fed by the cushion, acorns, manchore nut, wild fruits.
Unlike a brown bear, which runs in Berlnogo on Earth, black suits his berloga in the voupels of trees, where several animals are sometimes closed. The inlet in the hollow is placed sometimes quite high 10-20 meters from the ground surface.
Along with our ordinary wolf in the deaf mountain areas, they grow small flocks red wolves, distinguished by slightly smaller body sizes, red fur and fluffy, like a fox, tail. Red Wolf - a native inhabitant of the Mountains of Central and South Asia. The lifestyle of this peculiar animal is almost not at all studied.
Graceful, inherent in the Far East dappled deer It dwells here along with the Giant Northern Forests - losem..
Dappled deer It has important commercial importance due to the Pantians - young, neo-stained horns, of which the pantokrin is produced, the valuable medicinal substance. It dramatically increases the vital activity of the body and has long been used in Chinese and Tibetan medicine, and recently applies in Soviet medicine. Even in the pre-revolutionary time in the Far East, there were several private farms where spot deer were kept. In the post-beater period there were also organized major reindeer state farms. In addition, over the past 15-20 years, spotted deers were delivered to various places of the European part of the RSFSR and acclimatized in the Oksky, Ilmensky, Hawk, Mordovskoye, Bashkir and Teberdinsky reserves, as well as in the Losinoostrovskaya database of the former fur and fur institute near Moscow.
Another typical beast of the Far East - retal dog, or Ussuriysky "Raccot", since 1934, was delivered and resettled in many areas of the European Union, as well as in the Caucasus, in Central Asia, in Altai and in South-Western Siberia. In many places, this prolific fur beast is perfectly acclimatized and multiplied; In some regions, it has already become firmly included in the fishing fauna.
However, it should be noted that the raccoon dog was not everywhere turned out to be a welcome guest. In a number of places, zoologists and fishing hunters consider this beast guilty of the destruction of waterfowl and borogal game, as the raccoon dog destroys eggs, chicks, and sometimes of the birds of the Birds: Ducks, Tetra, Ryabchikov.
As well as sobolem and column In the Far Eastern Taiga, there is a leaving from South China and India, a large cute-Harza. But if the columns and especially sable are the most valuable fur beasts, then the chart does not represent fishing value, since she has rough fur. In addition, it harms hunting and destroying valuable fishing animals: Sable, Kabargu, calves Malala and Spotted deer.
It should be noted that some of the beasts mentioned above although typical for the Far East, but are extremely few and are far from everywhere; Even the experienced hunters and experienced naturalists will rarely succeed in the nature of the Tiger, Leopard, Red Wolf and Spotted Deer.
The most numerous mammals of the Far East are small rodents: toilets, mice, hamsters, kaoco rat; Rodent, a leading underground lifestyle, - Manchurian Cocor, etc. All these rodents along with earth farmings (detachment of insectivores) are found in such an abundance, which constitute the most important background of the population of the Mammal Far East.
No less peculiar and birds of the Far East. Sine-green with red beak eastern Swirl, Launches insects on the tops of the trees. Flying insects will hunt egloan Streach, and at night - indian goat - The owner of a huge mouth confused by bristles.
On lakes and swamps along with each hunter known mallardand chirks can see black Mallard. - a typical Chinese-Japanese view, gaining in its distribution in the south to the Philippine Islands, and Elegant duck-Mandarin With its original bright color, which represents a mixture of bright red, gray-green, blue-purple and white colors. This bird nests in the hollows in the forest rivers. She has a characteristic habel to sit on trees than different from other ducks. In the Amur region passes the northern border of distribution green Amur Quākva. On Lake Khanka and in the valley of the Ussuri River, tropical nests chinese Ibis.
Wonderful beautiful coloring blue Soroka It is interesting because on the whole globe, it is found only in two, far away from each other, namely in East Asia and on the Pyrenean Peninsula. Such "torn" its distribution of zoologists explain the fact that these two areas in the remote ice age were not subjected to glaciation, which in the rest of the territory turned out to be disastrous for these birds.
Typical bird of darkened forests of the Far East - black Ryabik, or dikushawhich is one and a half times larger than a conventional packer, has a commercial value. Interestingly, these birds are strikingly trusting, for which they received the name of the "humble" rhykchik among the population of Primorye. Scared from the ground, the birds usually take off a low on the tree and sit quietly, looking at the person. In this regard, the hunters apply a very simple and even fun way of mining them with a long pulp with hair or rope cape at the end. Such a loop carefully put on the neck of the bird and, tightening, become prey down. Even more considerably, the remaining "humble" rivets do not fly away, but continue to stay on the tree, as if waiting for their turn. So you can transfer a decent number of birds from one flock.
Recently, the question of the acclimatization of Dikushi in other areas of our Motherland has been raised. For the feasibility of this event, not only the undoubted fishing value of the Dickushi says, but also its big fertility, endurance, fitness to harsh and raw climate, as well as unpretentiousness: in winter it eats mainly by the fir cheese.
Completely exclusive on the abundance of plenty birds, the Khankayskaya plain. Lake Hank - one of the best places of the Soviet Union for the Hunting for Waterfowl and Swamp Got: Guses, Ducks, Swans, Kulikov.
On the coast of the Japanese Sea and Tatar Strait, there are bird bazaars in high ripped cliffs - nesting colonies kair, Clamps, Toporists, Couples. Characteristic coastal predators - kamchatsky Orlan and orlan-Belohvost. - hunt in the summer of fish, and in winter on birds and small animals.
Far Eastern seas and rivers are extremely rich in fish.
Salmon fish have the greatest commercial importance: keta, Sima, Gorbow, Sig, and from sturgeon - kaluga.
Far Eastern waters are characterized by such South-China on the origin of fish, as auja, Amur Som, Zhoshchek, Tolstolobik And finally, tropical fish - smegolov. Adult copies of Zmeegolov are up to 7 kilograms of weight. This fish received its name for the shape of the head like a snake. In China, Korea and India, Zmeegolov have long been bred artificially in ponds.
In recent years, an attempt was made to acclimatize some amur fish in the reservoirs of the Moscow region. For white Amur, Zmeegolov And some other fish, this attempt was crowned with success. Especially well adapted to the new conditions of the Smeegolov, fastened with small fish and headastrics. The breeding of white Amur - herbivorous fish is recommended, together with the carp, fed mainly with small invertebrate animals, and the predatory Zmeegolov - in small, overgrown ponds together with weed fish (roach, hero, etc.).
Currently, the breeding of Amur fish is already widely used in other reservoirs of the European part of the RSFSR.
Far Eastern seas are rich in valuable fishing mammals - whales and seals. In the spring and summer of the sea, become real pastures for whales, as shoals of fish appear here, octopuses and squids are the main food of the teeth whales of Cash'lotov. The masses are multiplied at this time of the year small wipes and other planktonic organisms, which feed toothyous whales - Finvals, savory, Gorbachi, and others. The herd of sea giants - whales float to the Far Eastern seas from temperate and tropical parts of the ocean, where food reserves are depleted at this time. In this period, in the Okhotsk, Japanese and Bering Seas, the whaling fishery of our Far Eastern flotilla "Aleut", mining hundreds of tons of whales, meat and other valuable products for industry, in particular spermacet and Ambru for perfume production, begins.
The flotilla "Aleut" consists of a large database (on which the processing of whale carcass) and several small whaling vessels, on which whales pursue and clog them with the help of cartoon guns. Most is mined cachelotovconstituting 60-70% of Far Eastern whaling fishery. In second place is worth finval. Other species - gorbach, Savil, Gray Kit And others - are less common and therefore constitute a minor part of the fishery.
From other marine animals, the subject of fishery is various types of lastonous detachments. The most valuable one is catWith a wonderful soft bleed, the skin goes to the manufacture of high-quality winter clothes. The main wine roots are located on the Commander Islands and the eastern shores of Sakhalin, where the spring females give birth to cubs and feed them. In the fall of the herd of cats, they are converged to the south - to the Japanese islands.
Original Far Eastern reptiles. Along with the usual Snakes - ordinary, ordinary viper, oriental shield- Here you can find a tropical bright green or blue with orange-red spots. tiger horror, as well as ordinary, not poisonous. Numerous poloz. Especially characteristic amur poloz., or poloz Schrenk - strongly biting, but also not a poisonous snake with a length of over 2 meters. The poloz hunting on the ground behind rodents, and in the trees pursues birds and ruins their nests. Amursky poloz is well tamed, and in Manchuria, it is even kept in barns and fanzes, where he destroys rodents - the pests of grain stocks, and also protects the crops from them.
Amur poloz.
Only in the Far East occurs a peculiar, with a soft leathery sheath, far Eastern turtlebelonging to one of the tropical detachments of these animals. She lives in rivers and lakes, where, tearing in Il and putting his head, lunks floating past fish. The neck is its long and movable, and the jaws are strong and strong. In contrast to the rest of the turtles, the Far Eastern turtle can rush onto a person and painfully bite. Interesting the ability of these turtles to stay under water up to 15 hours, which is explained by the presence of numerous versions in the sip, performing the role of the gills. Meat and eggs of this turtle edible.
Ussuri Krai is striking the abundance of various insects, many of which are characterized exclusively from the Far East or have a tropical origin; Often they have amazing brightness of the color. These include, for example: blue-green mahar Maaka - one of the largest daytime butterflies of our country; Brightly painted yellow ussuri Mahaona; Pale green butterfly- gluchells, Rainbow perelebris. Along with them and night butterflies - order tapes, brahnikov and silkopryda - are the decoration of Far Eastern nature.
Peculiar, unique spectacle represent flying beetles- fireless. At the beginning of summer, in the quiet warm nights, the air is filled with a variety of blinking bluish sparks. In the fall, at the end of August - early September, the beetles are flying other species, larger. The largest beetle of our country lives in Primorye - ussuri Woodcutter Giant.
Chief Beach for both the population and animals - midge and mosquitoes, the mass departure of which begins in June and reaches a maximum in July. These insects, who among the people, the characteristic name "GNUS", in the continuation of two to two and a half months it is raised both people and animals.
Since mid-August, the number of Gnus begins to fall sharply, and with the onset of frosts, these insects disappear at all.
Gnus and pincers - The carriers of hazardous human and animal diseases are the only dark spot in the beautiful nature of Primorye and the Amur region. This dark spot declared a cruel war in which Soviet scientists already win the first victories. Academician E. N. Pavlovsky and its employees found out the role of ticks in the spread of spring-summer encephalitis and developed effective measures to combat it. The entomologist N. A. Rubtsov conducted detailed studies of the reproduction and development of "Gnus" and proposed a number of measures both to eliminate the foci of the propagation of these insects and to protect pets and humans.
In conclusion, I want to say that if we talked about the wonderful and interesting corner of nature near the nature of the Moscow region, then, ending the essay about the bright, kind of nature of the Far East, we would like to attract the attention of the novice naturalist, tourist, hunter and just an amateur To this distant, but very interesting, rich and still a little studied extensive edge of our Motherland.
| <<< Назад
|
Forward \u003e\u003e\u003e |
Loading...
