Introduction
The problem of disability is an urgent problem that is argued by convincing data from international statistics, according to which the number of persons with disabilities in all countries is large and clearly traces the trend towards its increase.
Nowadays, Russia has a sharp issue associated with the problems of disabled children in modern social society. The problem of disabled children applies to almost all sides of our society: from legislative acts and social organizations that are designed to assist these children, to the atmosphere in which their families live. The number of disabled children every year becomes higher and higher. This contributes to many factors: a low level of medicine in Russia, a lack of financing, poor ecology, a high level of incidence of parents (especially mothers), an increase in injury, children's incidence, etc. For children, people with disabilities include children who are significantly limited in vital activity, socially disadvantaged due to violations of growth and development, self-service abilities, movement, orientation, control over their behavior, learning, work activities, etc.
In our country, more than eight million people are officially disabled people with disabilities. And every year this figure increases, only seven percent of children is born healthy.
Recently, it often comes to transition to more flexible terminology with respect to children with disabilities. In relation to the child, the fact is of great importance to the fact of how they treat him, it would be much more humane to say not "mentally retarded", but "a child with the inability", not "blind", and a child with weakened vision.
The problem of social adaptation of children with disabilities is very relevant now. If in 1990, in 1990, a hundred and fifty-one thousand such children was registered in the social protection bodies, today children with disabilities are about six hundred thousand, two thirds of which are special children who have mental and psychoneurological disorders (children's cerebral palsy, autism, Down syndrome , other). Every year, fifty thousand people with disabilities are born in Russia. It is difficult to be disabled at the age of 20 and above, and it is even harder to be from birth from birth, because in orphanages the child comprehends and learns a lot, and the disability becomes a huge barrier to overcoming the new one.
For children with disabilities, rehabilitation centers are created, in which they and their families are medical, social, psychological assistance, but they are missing at all and this is a very serious problem. The problem of education is also acute. Many schools, kindergartens, colleges and universities simply cannot accept children with disabilities because they are not enough or there is no special equipment, nor specially trained people. Children with disabilities need help and understanding not only parents, but also societies in general, just that they will be able to understand that they really need that they really love and understand.
The earlier a disabled child receives help, the greater the chances that he will go to an ordinary kindergarten, study in a regular school. Ideally, correctional assistance should begin almost immediately after birth, as soon as the relevant problems can be identified.
Children with disabilities are part of the human potential of peace and Russia. A quarter of Nobel laureates - people with disabilities. Disabled were blind Homer and Deaf Beethoven, Yaroslav Wise and Franklin Roosevelt. People with disabilities can all or almost everything. They just need to help, and preferably in time ...
This term paper is devoted to the study of the problems of children with disabilities and the possible search for their solutions.
The object of my course work is the social situation of children with disabilities.
The subject of my course work is key moments of social adaptation of disabled children in Russia.
The purpose of this course work is to investigate theoretical and practical oriented sources on the adaptation of disabled children in modern society.
The goal is specified in the following tasks:
Explore the scientific literature on the topic of the course work;
Explore legal sources on the topic of the course work;
Perform the theoretical study of the problems of children with disabilities based on the studied literature;
Make generalizations and conclusions;
Say out the results of the study in the traditional form of coursework.
Chapter 1. Disabled children as a facility of social activities
Social portrait of disabled children
Children, which will be said in my work, are called children with disabilities. These children are special, not like everyone else. They are all different and the development and perception of peace and behavior. Such children often do not perceive our society, they are trying to "push", offend, they simply do not notice. But I am not indifferent to this problem and try to find out what includes the concepts of "disabled", "disability."
According to the Declaration on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UN, 1975), the "disabled" means any person who cannot independently provide fully or partially the needs of a normal personal and / or social life due to the lack, whether it is innate or acquired, his or her physical or mental opportunities.
The Law "On Social Protection of Disabled" states that the disabled person is a person who has a violation of health with a resistant disorder of the body functions, due to diseases, consequences of injuries or defects, leading to a limitation.
In our country, a clinical indicator is used to identify "disability", a clinical indicator is a sustainable violation of the functions of the body in connection with such a social indicator as the degree of participation in labor activity (disability). In Russia, there is a medical and pedagogical commission, it includes social teachers, doctors, psychologists and other specialists. This Commission determines the disability of the child, depending on the degree of impairment of functions, and, depending on the degree of violation of functions, determine the degree of violation of health.
Select four degrees:
1 The degree of loss of health is determined in case of light or moderate violations of the functions of the child;
2 The degree of health loss is established in the presence of pronounced violations of the functions of organs and systems that despite the treatment, limit the possibilities of social adaptation of the child (corresponds to the 3rd disability group in adults);
3 The degree of loss of health corresponds to the second group of disability in an adult;
4 The degree of health loss is determined with sharply pronounced violations of the functions of organs and systems leading to the social disadaptation of the child under the condition of the irreversible nature of the defeat and the inefficiency of therapeutic and rehabilitation measures (corresponds to the first group of disability in an adult).
The main groups of disabled child diseases:
1. neuropsychiatric diseases;
2. Diseases of internal organs;
3. Defeats and eye diseases, accompanied by a resistant decrease in visual acuity up to 0.08 in the best selection of the eye to 15 from the fixation point in all directions;
4. Oncological diseases that include malignant tumors of the second and third stage of the tumor process after a combined or complex treatment, which includes a radical operation; poor treatment of malignant diseases of the neoplasm, liver and other organs;
5. Defeat and diseases of hearing organs;
6. Surgical diseases and anatomical defects and deformations;
7. Endocrine diseases.
Under this impressive list, it is possible to guess that there are many diseases of disabilities. These diseases leave a "huge trail" in the behavior of a child, in his perception, in relations with surrounding and parents, in sensations, create certain barriers to the child and his family.
Specialists working with disabled identified the following main problems (the barriers faced by a family with a disabled child and the child itself in our country):
Social, territorial and economic dependence of the disabled person from parents and guardians;
At the birth of a child with the peculiarities of psychophysiological development, a family is either decayed, or enhanced by a child, without giving it to evolve;
There is a weak professional training of such children;
Difficulties in movement in the city (conditions are not provided for movement in architectural structures, transport, etc.), which leads to the insulation of the disabled person;
Lack of sufficient legal support (imperfection of the legislative framework for children with disabilities);
The formation of a negative public opinion in relation to persons with disabilities (the existence of a stereotype "Disabled - useless", etc.);
Lack of information center and network of complex centers of socio-psychological rehabilitation, as well as the weakness of state policy.
So, disability is restrictions in the possibilities caused by physical, psychological, sensory deviations. As a result, social, legislative and other barriers arise, which do not allow a person with disabilities to be integrated into society and take part in the life of a family or society on the same grounds as other members of society. Society is obliged to adapt the existing standards in it to the special needs of people who have disability in order for them to live independent life.
1.2 "Label" of a disabled child.
Our society has existed and there is an installation on the seizure of a disabled child from the family and society, and placing it into isolation, in boarding school. And parents of a child with obvious pathology already in the maternity hospital are persuaded to abandon the child. There is an old system of disabled disabled people.
Many people who have suffered some injury or a disease, as a result of which are obvious, visible or hidden disorders of the body / organism, receive the status of the "disabled" for state social services. This status allows a person to receive all those benefits, rehabilitation inventory and other provision provided for by state social programs. At the same time, the definition of "disability" is divided by a minimum of three groups (as well as by the type and type of "aless"), each of which has its own, a certain provision of the provision.
After people begin to receive the "benefits" provided for them, some of these people see this "all the delights of life" and the benefits that can be learned from the state in which they found themselves. A great desire is developing to receive the necessary entities "benefits" everywhere and in everything, even in those aspects where they are not provided. As a result of such "amenities", developing wishes and the possibility of manipulating the surrounding, rapidly developing sustainable, latent, and sometimes quite aware of the reluctance to strive for restoration or treatment (in cases in which it is possible and necessary). Why do something to do or change if everything you need will give? If somewhere, something does not give, you can use the status of a disabled person and call people to conscience and justice, while explicitly manipulate. Strangely enough, but it works. And so, becomes an up-to-date;
What attitude is formed to such "fair manipulators", as a result of their actions? As a rule, contacts with such people are gradually performed, and then they are reduced to a possible minimum. In general, when people communicate and from one side periodically sounds the definition of themselves as "disabled", it immediately alarms the second interlocutor, the reaction of which is aimed at the speedy completion of the dialogue, in order to not be subjected to manipulations and morals.
Thus, the "disabled", "thanks" to manipulations, marks to pity, sympathy and justice, receives the desired benefits from social and close environments. But it is these actions that become the main reason that the society begins to prevent possible contacts, and further repel a person. And the reason for this, as it turned out, is not an injury or illness.
Man with disabilities (FEV). Who are these, and how do they differ from the disabled? Externally, physically and physiologically - nothing. The difference is primarily in their psychology and mentality. In how people perceive themselves, in relation to themselves, personal aspirations and positioning to society.
The FPV man has all the same rights and opportunities, as part of providing state social services. But at the same time, his aspirations and desires to develop how the person does not stop.
Lost specific functions - engaged in their restoration.
If it is impossible to restore the lost (for example, after amputation), it is a search for alternative options, which make it possible to implement their needs on their own.
Looking for and finding new opportunities to restore social status and role. Of course, sometimes it requires not only physical, but also material costs.
Appeals to society - it really looks like an appeal, not the requirements.
People of FEV persists and increases the circle of friends, buddies and just familiar.
They are not only taken, but also to give. Could be understood and respecting people of a close environment, as well as in society, take their opinion and point of view, which actually forms the attitude towards them, the opposite of the one that is formed in relation to the disabled.
So, as can be seen from the described, the difference between the disabled person and the person of the FEV is just a manifestation of himself. And depending on this manifestation, and the attitude of the social environment to a certain person will be formed.
Alexander conceded.
Since 2016, inclusive classes were introduced in Russia in Russia. It is through these mechanisms that children with disabilities (ABS) in the Russian Federation may receive socialization in the Russian Federation.
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But besides training, there are many nuances in the upbringing of such a child. After all, first of all, he needs to receive the status of APV and receive special payments and benefits to be able to develop.
Total moments
Socialization of children with disabilities - the main task that stands in front of the state.
Because for a long time, the main program was the separation of such children into separate classes or schools. This prevented them from becoming full-fledged participants in society.
In 2019, the standard of inclusive education makes it possible to place a child in the classic school class.
But in any case, he will need to make any special needs. After all, the school should have the appropriate equipment for working with it and specially trained teachers and other employees.
Concepts
| Children with disabilities (OBA) | These are children from age from birth to adulthood. At the same time, those who, in which official documents are not recognized as the presence of such deviation in the physical or mental plan in constant or temporary manner. It can be special children with a delay in development, weak hearing or vision. |
| Inclusive education | Education system built in such a way that children with special needs can be trained in general classes in classic school institutions |
| Benefit | This is social assistance from the state the most unprotected segments of the population. Such advocate, orphans. They can all count on receiving benefits |
| Socium | This is the scope of communication of a child who is not limited to relatives. For the development of a person, it is necessary to create all the conditions so that the child with OVD or disabilities can receive all completeness with peers and other people |
What gives status
Since children with ABS require special conditions of treatment and development, the state provides several additional possibilities.
Most of them relate to the school, learning and socialization of the child:
| Free classes with speech therapists, psychologists or social teachers | Usually provided from two classes a week that would help the disciple to develop their skills and improve communication with others |
| A special approach to communicating with teachers and assessments | Here each educational institution establishes its special rules. But the only reference is to find the approach to the child and identifying his talents and the development of them |
| Exams | At the end of the final 9 and 11 classes, a student with the status of ABS can independently make a choice in favor of the state final certification or apply the form of the main state exam - as a test survey |
| can use | Who are provided to him for free |
| Disciplinary recovery cannot be applied to children with the status of ABS | Such a punishment is not used throughout the child's learning in an educational institution. |
Who belongs to the group
The main characteristic of children who belong to those who have limited health capabilities are a violation of psychophysical indicators, which leads to the need to apply special techniques to them for correction in terms of training and education.
To standard participants of such a group, children who have the following violations:
Musculoskeletal system. Conduct and communication with the surrounding people. Also, such children include those who have mental backwardness or mental delay.
In addition, such violations can be summarized, and not to be single phenomena.
Socio-legal protection of the child
This aspect of the care of the state of children with special needs is expressed in several points:
| Legislative level | At this stage, the state can provide a child with protection even in morally. Therefore, with any violations of the rights of the child, you can sue |
| In this regard, the state provides access to qualified assistance and benefits are provided. This reduces the material burden on the parents of the child with HSA | |
| In this area, the system of inclusive classes was introduced, which allows you to quickly adapt the child to life in society and socialize it as much as possible. Plus, such a technique favorably affects the improvement of the psychophysical problems of the student |
Child parents with to help qualified specialists who will work to eliminate violations in the student's psyche.
Therefore, such children have many chances to restore lost abilities and develop new talents.
Regulations design rules
If parents intend to get a special status for their child, they need to understand which rules exist in this legal field.
The most basic provisions are:
If you comply with all the rules for registration of the situation, you can count not only on a quick procedure, but also on a professional reaction from the school.
Since in most cases, it is precisely parents who must talk to the leadership, so that it receives information about the state of the child and could have a briefing of educational institution teachers.
Classification of type
There are several OVI classifications. So, the most common is the British scale.
There are three steps in it:
In the Russian approved classification there are a number of species on which the division of violations of ABS is based:
The first, second and fourth category is children with disabilities. And it is they enter the majority of children who belong to the ATS group.
It is because of this that the state provides for a separate attitude towards this group of students in schools and other educational institutions.
Registration of imprisonment
In order for the child to receive additional help from the state, it is necessary to take a number of actions:
- Determine the educational center in which you can undergo a survey of the PMPC.
- Collect the package required for the commission's commission.
- Get a referral from school or a child attending a survey.
- Complete and get a certificate certificate.
- Provide into an educational institution with the conclusion of the commission.
Parent is enough to contact a specialized educational institution or territorial management of education in a particular city.
And after passing the PMPC, you can use all the privileges from this status.
List of documents
Obtaining the status of a child with ASS provides for the provision of a PMPC of a number of documents:
| Statement | On the commission or the consent of the parent if it was appointed by the doctor |
| Child's passport document or birth certificate | It is necessary to make photocopies |
| Parent document | Which could identify the identity of the parent or guardian of the child |
| From the educational center or medical institution | |
| In the course of this conclusion, psychologists, speech therapists, social teachers at the school's school education make up their opinion on the level of its development and the presence of violations | |
| Previously issued | — |
| Extract from the outpatient card child | In particular, a detailed history of development, taking into account all medical conclusions. It can be obtained at the place of accounting - in the local medical institution |
| Characteristic from school and written work on several subjects | In Russian, mathematics, as well as creative work. If parents have other documents on research and inspections, they should also be attached to the packet package |
What are the benefits for this category
Therefore, when making this status for a child, you should not count on material assistance. Although the state is going to expand financing in this direction.
For example, it is proposed to make payments to parents of children with HSA, so that it is easier for them to care for them. At the same time, official documents or applications for consideration are not yet.
Questions you are interested in
Children with disabilities are a fairly new concept in the Russian legal sphere. And not all parents understand how to make this status and why it is at all.
MOSCOW. The Law "On Education" does not contain a category of children with disabilities, which leads to discrimination and restriction of the right of persons with disabilities to education, notes a member of the Working Group on the Development of Accessible and High-quality Preschool and General Education for Children's Disabled Children of the Commission under the President of the Russian Federation for disabled cases Elena Kulagin. The speech in the law is only about children with disabilities, to which children with disabilities are not always.
On December 3, public hearings "On the report of the Russian Federation" about measures taken to implement obligations under the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and Strategy of Action with disabilities were held at the Public Chamber of the Russian Federation. Participants in the hearings, in particular, touched upon the right of the right of disabled education. Experts believe that in the law "On Education" it is necessary to distinguish between the concepts of "children with disabilities" and "Children with ABS".
"According to different estimates, approximately 40 thousand children with disabilities do not fall into the category of children with HSA. This is a real discrimination of children with disabilities. Disabled children and children with ABS are completely different groups of children. On average, in the Russian Federation, children with disabilities in the system of general education are twice as fewer than children with ABS, "the member of the working group on the development of accessible and high-quality preschool and general education for children with disabilities of the Commission under the President of the Russian Federation for disabled persons. Researcher of the Institute of Socio-Economic Problems of Population of the Russian Academy of Sciences Elena Kulagin.
According to the expert, disabled children are mainly trained in ordinary classes, and children with ABS are in correering classes and schools. In addition, in Russia, children with ABS, in contrast to disabled children, are 80% children with mental disorders, mental delay, mental retardation. In children with disabilities, as a rule, less mental disorders.
"It is important to understand for building a state policy," Elena Kulagin emphasizes.
In addition, a third of children with disabilities is studying at home. At the same time, special conditions, special standards, are not provided for children with disabilities in the law "On Education". In fact, everything is written only for children with ABS, notes Kulagin.
"If special conditions for children with disabilities were created in schools, they would not sit at home, no distance education is not able to provide them with full-fledged studies," says Kulagin.
The impossibility of separating children with APP and children with disabilities into two different groups in the law leads to confusion in the report on the implementation of the UN Convention, indicates an expert. In particular, in the report in the section on education, under the number of children with disabilities, it is understood by the number of children with OVD.
The fact that the Law on Education needs to be adjusted, confirms Deputy Chairman of the NGO Coordination Council on disabled children and other persons with life limitations, member of the Council under the Government of the Russian Federation on the social protection issues Elena Kloche.
"Obviously, children with disabilities and children with ABS are two interconnecting groups. According to the law it turns out that children with disabilities are inside the ABS group. This confusion leads to a variety of problems, "Elena Kloche noted.
The question of the demarcation of these two categories is a discussion, the head of the department of education of children with problems in the development and socialization of the Department of Public Policy in the field of the protection of children's rights of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation Larisa Falkovskaya.
"I do not fully agree with the distinction of categories. This question needs not only in economic expertise, but also legal. I think it makes sense at the level of the Public Chamber of the Russian Federation to hold such an event in order to decide on the concepts and what needs to be included in the Law "On Education", - said Larisa Falkovskaya.
Goloborodko Maria
Grade 10. On the rights of children with disabilities and the need to assist them in adaptation in society.
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To the Regulations on the municipal stage
Moscow Regional
Competition of creative work students
"The child is a disabled person - a full member of society"
Municipal budgetary educational institutionMid-Educational School Gorda Krasnogorsk №14
(Full name of the educational organization)
(mailing address, site address, telephone, fax school)
Gritsuk Natalia Sergeevna
(FIO of the Director of the Educational Institution)
Goloborodko Maria Pavlovna, 10th grade
Contact phone: 8 - 926 - 711 - 83 - 27
Email address: [Email Protected]
R & D: "Child - Disabled - Full Member of the Company"
Leader: Bondar Maria Grigorievna.
Introduction
1. 1.1. Statistics.
1.2. Legal documents.
2. 2.1. Integration of children - disabled people.
2.2. Signs of behavior that people need to be avoided towards disabled people.
3. 3.1. Fair Games.
3.2. History from people's life - disabled.
3.3.Talants of disabled.
Practical part.
Output.
Conclusion.
Literature.
Application.
Introduction
Morality at all times was an integral part of the life of every person, it regulates the communication and behavior of people, controlling the unity of public and personal interests.
The child is every human being until 18 years of age.
Disability is a huge test that falls into the share of children and their parents.
Children - disabled people - these are ordinary children, the same as everyone else. They love to communicate, play, draw, sing, but because of the disease, they are often forced to be in a closed space. The world around them is parents, the room in which they live and a wheelchair. Such children rarely communicate with peers, recognize a new one, which is happening in the world, except through the Internet. Gradually, such a child will closes in himself, too early learns what loneliness is. When the child grows and understands that his illness is incurable, the psyche begins to suffer. So let's prove together together that a child is a disabled person - this is a full member of society, and also reflect on the measures of help!
Subject of study:Social science
The relevance of the chosen theme:
Children - disabled are the biggest problem in our time. Even despite the fact that the state cares about them, all the same healthy people try to fear such people.
Problem work:
It is necessary for people with disabilities, first of all, not material or medical care, but the possibility of becoming full-fledged members of society, the ability to believe in itself and fully realize their potential.
Purpose of work:
Examine material about children - disabled people, learn how society belongs to them, find measures of help and the path of the admission of people with disabilities to public life.
Task work:
To encourage people to assist children with disabilities, so that they can relieve restrictions and conditions, due to which they cannot live a full-fledged life.
Although every step is not easy for us,
At least every hour - drop and lift.
Under this old blue sky
We love life and do not get tired.
Sometimes it happens - life is handed over black,
And not in a foggy dream, but in reality,
On the bottom of the adversity pulls, but stubbornly
We still stay on the raft.
We hate if they regret,
And in difficult everyday life
Become stronger and healthier
With the help of unity and friends.
So do not frighten us a difficult road,
Lutuy Winter, Thunderstorm Gremi
Friends, we can make a lot together,
To stay on earth people.
There is no misfortune to break us,
I do not get forth in the cold our blood,
Come on time always on our mind
Hope, faith, wisdom and love.
Sergey Olgin
1.1.State data:
UN Statistics claim that Russia has 10 million people with disabilities in all age categories, of which about 1.5 million children. However, no one can bring accurate data.
According to the Minister of Health and Social Development., By August 2009, the number of children with disabilities in Russia was 545 thousand people, 12.2% of them lived in boarding facilities.
23.6% of disabled children suffer from diseases of various organs and metabolic disorders, 21.3% - mental violations and23.1% have motor disorders.According to the Ministry of Education, in 2008-2009 academic yearin ordinary schools, 142,659 thousand children with disabilities were studied,in the correction classes of ordinary schools - 148,074 thousand children with disabilities. In correction schools and boarding schools - 210.842 thousand children with disabilities and children with disabilities.
1.2. The Right Documents
From the Convention on the Rights of the Child:
1. Part 1, article 2.
1) States Parties respect and provide all rights provided for in this Convention for each child within their jurisdiction, without any discrimination, regardless of race, skin color, gender, language, religion, political or other beliefs, national , ethnic or social origin, property status, state of health and childbirth, his parents or legal guardians or any other circumstances.
2. Part 1, Article 6.
1) States Parties recognize that every child has an integral right to life.
2) States Parties provide maximum degree of survival and healthy child development.
3. Part 1, article 23.
1) The participating States recognize that the child must be a full-fledged and decent life in conditions that ensure his dignity, contribute to his self-confidence and facilitate his active participation in society.
2) States parties recognize the right of an infallible child to special care and encourage and provide provision subject to the child and responsible for the care of the help of it, which was submitted to and which corresponds to the state of the child and the position of his parents or other persons ensuring care for the child.
3) In recognition of the special needs of an infallible child, assistance in accordance with paragraph 2 of this article is provided, if possible, for free, taking into account the financial resources of parents or other persons who take care of the child, and aims to provide an infallible child effective access to educational services, Professional training for medical care, restoration of health, preparation for labor activity and access to recreation means in such a way, which leads to the most complete, as possible, involving a child in social life and achieving the development of his personality, including the cultural and spiritual development of the child.
Also, I would like to note that a disabled child has the same civil, social and cultural rights, as well as healthy.
For example:
1) the right to personal life, family life, parent care, inviolability of housing, the secret of correspondence. (Civil law)
2) the right to freely express their views on all issues. (Civil law)
3) the right to use the most advanced health services and health care products and health recovery. (Social law)
4) the right to education. (Cultural law)
5) The right to rest and leisure. (Cultural law)
and many other rights.
2.1. Integration of children - disabled people:
Often we wonder: "But what can society do to attract children - disabled people to public life?". And I found several ways to solve this problem.
People should:
1) Protect the rights and interests of children with disabilities.
2) Ensure the participation of children - disabled people in all spheres of public life.
3) to provide psychological support.
4) attract to various classes to organize their leisure.
5) refer in the same way as to ordinary, healthy children, and most importantly, with understanding and mercy.
6) Create charity funds to ensure the necessary and medical services.
7) Create more social programs to attract children with disabilities to the life of society.
8) take into school children with disabilities and provide it with special, necessary equipment.
9) Help children - disabled becomes more confident.
2.2. Signs of behavior that people need to be avoided towards disabled people:
1) aggression.
Citizens passing by citizens, as well as neighbors and even officials can easily kick the wheelchair, turn the stroller in the opposite direction from the one in which the disabled moves, to demonstratively close the door in front of him when he is trying to enter his home, roll back the disabled from the window in Sberkassa or in a pharmacy, do not miss without a queue, and if a disabled child cannot wait due to the state of health, to teach parents, and even try to hit the child, to express their opinion on the subject of what reason the person has become disabled.
2) denial and ignoring.
A disabled person to overcome the steps or step over the border is not everyone agrees, and for ahead of themselves in the queue, it is generally often goes to point 1, and even with comments, for example: "Here you are just sitting in a wheelchair and in the mustache You do not blow, and we are already half an hour on your feet, and God correctly punished. "Over the rest of the time from the disabled person, they just turn away, refuse to serve, transport tries quickly to slam the doors.
3) rides
This negative is bye not only from children. I somehow witnessed as a mother with a 20-year-old daughter - a disabled in a wheelchair, in the store chose her beautiful clothes. The saleswomen served them, but the sellers were stopped all the neighboring stores, as children in the zoo rushed to the glass and had fun loudly, letting them all sorts of jokes on the topic: "Why this disabled such clothes" people were so funny that the disabled has some interests And desire.
4) accusation and condemnation.
It mainly concerns all such stories when the disabled shows discontent with its position in society or the attitude of others. Here, as it were, the people refer to the fact that all the disabled are darkened. Even if you lead to an example of people with disabilities, which are successful businessmen working disabled - this is all completely impressive of anyone. But the fact that the disabled person lives "Nadvyuyuchi" on a meager Pension from the state, has benefits for paying housing and utilities. Yes, it is even more entitled to free treatment and medicines - this people are very careful. Even if we say that many benefits do not actually work, in the eyes of many of our fellow citizens, the disabled looks like a burden for society. And when someone from the disabled suddenly says that something is unhappy - it is equal to begging.
5) disgust.
Not times, mommies in children's admission say that with their children who are lagging behind in the development, or treating cerebrals, on the playground, they forbade their parents to play other children. It comes to the fact that mommies of healthy children are going and demand from the mother of the sick child anymore does not go to the site to healthy children, because it is suddenly contagious. Or once the child is not healthy, it means he is from a disadvantaged family. With the same adults and adults, when the surrounding simply discern their presence. Someone is a subtle mental organization injury to deformed legs or a person changed.
This is not followed Do, be merciful, show understanding!
3.1. Fair Games
Very joyful then news that for people with disabilities has their own sports games, Paralympic.
Traditionally, they are held after the main Olympic Games. For the first time they were held in Italy, in the city of Rome, in 1960. The emergence of sports in which people with disabilities can participate are associated with the name of the English neurosurgeon of Ludwig Gutman, who, overcoming century-old stereotypes towards people with physical disabilities, introduced adaptive sports into the rehabilitation process of patients with spinal cord damage. In practice, he proved that sport for people with physical disabilities creates conditions for successful life, restores mental balance, it allows you to return to full-fledged life regardless of physical disadvantages, strengthens the physical strength necessary in order to be managed with a wheelchair.
Also, Paralympic games have their own sports, namely:
Summer sports:
- Bocha
- Heavy athletics (paeerlifting);
- Athletics;
- Archery;
- Swimming;
- Academic rowing;
- Rowing on kayaks (included in the game program since 2016);
- Sailing;
- Judo for visually impaired;
- Cycling;
- Tennis on strollers;
- Fencing on wheelchairs;
- Football 5x5;
- Soccer 7x7;
- Basketball on wheelchairs;
- Dressage;
- Bullet shooting;
- Sedentary volleyball;
- Rugby on wheelchairs;
- Table tennis.
Winter sports:
- Ski racing and biathlon;
- Skiing;
- Impaired hockey;
- Curling on strollers.
I would like to note that in the Paralympic Games in 2014, which took place in Russia, in the city of Sochi, Russia ranked first among all countries participating and earned 80 medals, of which: 30 gold, 28 silver and 22 bronze! I consider it an excellent result! All social programs and the activities of the state aimed at helping and supporting children with disabilities, as well as people with disabilities, were not in vain. It should be continued in the same vein! All these data prove once again what athletes are Paralympic - doubly champions, they give hope for a bright future!
3.2. History from the life of people with disabilities.
1.nik Vuychich
Nick Vuychich was born with Tetra-Amelia syndrome - a rare hereditary disease leading to the absence of four limbs. At the age of 10, he tried to be drowned in the bath, so as not to deliver more of his loved ones. Now Nick is one of the most famous and popular motivational speakers in the world, has a beautiful wife and son. And one of its existence gives hope for "normal" life thousands of people.
2.Carry Brown
17-year-old Carrie Brown is a bearer of Down syndrome. Not so long ago, thanks to the active support of their acquaintances and the Internet, she became a model of one of the American manufacturers of youth clothing. Carri began to post her photos in Wet Seal's clothes on her social network page, which became so popular that she was invited to become a face of the brand.
3.Jessic Long
The little inhabitant of the Irkutsk shelter Tana Kirillov was lucky - at 13 months, her born without small berth bones and bones of foot, adopted american family. So Jessica Long appeared - the famous swimmer, the owner of 12 golden paralympic medals and the record holder of the world among athletes without legs.
4. Mark Inglis
New Zealander Mark Inglis conquered Everest in 2006, twenty years after he having lost both legs. The climber froze them in one of the previous expeditions, but did not part with his dream of Everest and carried out climbing the top, with difficulty and difficult to "ordinary" people.
5. Lizzy Velasquez
In one not too beautiful day Lizzy saw the video laid out on the Internet called "the most terrible woman in the world" with many views and appropriate comments. It is easy to guess that the roller demonstrated ... Lizzy himself, born with the rarest syndrome, because of which she completely lacks a fatty tissue. The first gust of Lizzy was rushing in an unequal "battle" with commentators and answer them all that she thinks about them. But instead, she took her hands and proved to the world that it is not necessary to be beauty to inspire people. She has already released two books and successfully performs motivational speeches.
3.3.Talants of disabled.
I read about the girl who from birth can not speak. This disabled girl can not be very much that other children and adults can. But she writes beautiful poems, possessing a divine gift. Maybe she knows what we do not know.
Sona is now 13 years old. And here is her poem:
"What makes you go to immortal
The smallest particles of being?
They are separated by stars and counters,
And with them I disappear.
But, disappearing in the Universal Book,
I leave clear features.
And in each atom, and in every mig
Between me and eternity bridges are induced. "
This poem shows that she can do something that we can not. Through the works written by her, Sonya expresses its vision of the world.
Another one girl I read on the pages of one of the magazines. Yana Mansurov. Yana In early childhood, a terrible diagnosis was made - cerebral palsy, it meant that she could never move, talk - it was like a sentence for her. But contrary to all forecasts, she began to move, began to manage their limbs (legs). It is the legs of Yana began to draw. Her drawings were bright and joyful, full of love and good. For the last two years, Yana still writes poems, her works fell on the pages of newspapers and magazines.
I will draw your feet
That I can not.
I'm on the feet of painting
Forget-me-notes and the moon ...
Practical part. Attitude towards children with disabilities.
Before I began to do this topic, I didn't even imagine that children were disabled, having limited opportunities, possess a huge desire to prove themselves and others that they are full members of society. I spent a sociological survey on school on the topic "Would you like to have a disabled child in our class?" The survey was conducted among students in grades 9-11, their parents and teachers.
What is the statistics:
Among the 150 pupils surveyed, 58% (87 students) would like to have a disabled child and 42% (63 student) in their class.
Among the 70s surveyed parents, 65.7% (46 parents) would like to be in the class in which her daughter (son) study, a child-disabled child and 34.3% (24 parents) studied.
Among 12 patched teachers, 66.7% (8 teachers) would like to be a disabled child and 33.3% (4 teachers) in school (4 teachers).
Thus, it can be concluded that all the same most people respect the children with disabilities, are ready to help with difficulties arising in their lives, and absolutely not against the classroom in the classroom, a child with disabilities, but, on the contrary, only for, But, of course, as it often happens, not all.
Also, I asked 50 pupils, pupils of 10th grades, the following question: "If you were offered to make friends with a child - disabled, what would you do?»
And, after analyzing the results of the survey, I received the data:
64% (32 people) Guys would like to have communication with children with disabilities. Of these, 32%, that is, 16 people, they would like not only to communicate, but also to be friends with children with disabilities, about watch all the assistance.
20% (10 people) would not like any communication at all with such people, explaining themselves awkwardly feel in the presence of a disabled child.
16% (8 people) do not know the guys, they would like it or not, because they did not come across and did not think over this issue.
Conclusion: I believe that a normal society must comply with the rules of morality in relation to all people equally, to have the right perception of children with disabilities, help them. Similar children - full members of society, to which you need to treat with respect. Now the state does not sufficiently help children with disabilities. I believe that it is necessary to conduct social work not only with disabled children, but also with their parents, to provide comprehensive family assistance. It is necessary to strictly monitor the activities of government agencies to improve the situation of disabled children and their families, also to cover this problem in the media and attract public opinion to solving the problems of children with disabilities. It is necessary to do everything possible that the disabled child becomes an equal member of society. Each of us can already help with something now, let's shift the hand of help!
Output: Almost every day children with different pathological diseases are born worldwide.Parents often shy their disabled child, try not to show with him in public places. And often people are afraid that they will not be able to live with him.These children cannot be very much, even almost nothing can from the fact that other children and adults can.They have fate, as if folded from another material than most of us.But children with disabilities are more endowed with the abilities to empathize someone else's pain and joy, they are susceptible as good as good as evil, so it is important with what personality they come into contact in their lives. So let's be kinder, desirable and humane to someone else's trouble and refers to understanding to disabled children.
Literature:
1. Convention on the Rights of the Child. - M.: Knourus, 2013. - 32c. LLC "Knurus", 2013
2. PB Moscow region, "Your Rights", 2009
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