Serengeti National Park is located in the Great African Fault. He is included in the list of the most famous national parks in the world. Park is located in Tanzania and Kenya. Savannah extends from North Tanzania, east of Lake Victoria, to the south of Kenya and covers the territory of about 30 thousand km. Square. The name comes from the Masay word "Siringet", meaning the "elongated platform".
Unique climatic conditions determine the lifestyle of representatives of the fauna. Pictures of landscapes vary from meadows in the south and savannah in the center to the hills covered by forests in the north. Real forests are in the western part of the park. Endless plains, savannahs, rivers and lakes are inhabited by more than 35 animal species, including more than a million large mammals living here (about 3,000 individuals), animals of the GNU, elephants, rhinos, leopards, buffaloes, crocodiles, hyenas, giraffes, jackals , Pavians, Baby Lisers and many others. More than 350 species of reptiles, infinite many insects also represent the nature of the Serengeti. Ornithologists have about 500 bird species in the park. The reserve is the best place on earth to observe Lviv, Chepads and Giraffes.
Tanzania is famous for their national parks. Perhaps the most famous of them is the Serengeti National Park. "Sepanegi" in the language of Masai means "endless pans". For the first time, Europeans learned about these places only in 1913. Unfortunately, like all the territories of British colonies in East Africa, the Serengeti plains quickly became the place of mass pilgrimage of hunters from Europe. In 1929, part of the Serengeti Plains was declared a hunting reserve. In 1940, the plains were protected by territory. However, due to the material difficulties, the Serengeti plains remained protected territory only on paper. In 1951, the territory was assigned the status of the National Park. However, the International Status Park received only in 1981. At the same time, he was recognized as a UNESCO World Natural and Cultural Heritage Monument.
Serengeti National Park is undoubtedly the world's most famous treasury of wildlife, which does not know equal in beauty and scientific value. Serengeti - the oldest and most famous Panzania Park is known for its annual migrations: about 6 million hoofs are braid plain, when 200,000 ZEBR and 300,000 Thomson Gazelle are looking for fresh food with the GNU. But even outside the migration period in Serengeti brightest in Africa safaris: huge herds of buffaloes, smaller groups of elephants and giraffes, thousands and thousands of Eland, Topi, Congoni, Impala and Grant Gazelle.
Large herds of a variety of antelope: Elanda Patterson, Clipspringer, Dick Dick, Impala, Zebra, Gazelle, Water and Swampy Goat, Bushbak, Topi, Congoni, Oribin, Tanzanian Ducker, Black Horse Antelope, Buffalo. Lions, leopards, cheetahs, hyena, gien dogs, sacks. Small mammals: Dragon, dike, warthog, grandmother, Daman, Green Marty, Colobus, Martushka-Gusar, Mongoose. Large mammals: giraffe, rhino, elephant and hippopotams. Almost 500 species of birds, including: vultures, storks, flamingos, battle eagle, Orlan-Krikun, Ostrich Era. Reptiles: crocodiles, several types of snakes and lizards.
The most interesting sight in the largest Park Tanzania is a predator hunt. The prides of Zlatogryvy Lviv are picked on the expanses of the plain pastures. Between acacia, growing along the Seronera River, leopards are chipped - loners, and in the southeast plains in search of mining wanders many cheetahs. Almost a unique case: there are all three types of African jackal, along with spotted hyenas and weighing less noticeable little predators, from insects of an earthen wolf to Red Servala.
Endless, as well as the pleasure of observation of animals, it seems the feeling of space on the plains of the Serengeti, stretching through the savannah scaled to the shimmering golden horizon. But after the rainy season, this golden herbal breadth turns into a seeming endless green carpet, along which wildflowers are scattered. Also there are shouted hills trees, high memers, and fig trees and acacia landings, orange from dust stretch along the banks of the rivers. And, despite all the great popularity of the Serengeti, the park is so unmanaged that you can be the only viewer when Pride Lviv will start chasing the victim, relentlessly pursuing his food.
Serengeti National Park () is one of the largest reserves in the world. It is located on the territory of the Great African Fault, its area is 14,763 km 2. The word "Serengeti" is translated from Masai as "endless plains."
What is the interest of the park?"Started" Park Serengeti from a small reserve with an area of \u200b\u200bjust 3.2 square meters. km in 1921. Later, in 1929, he was somewhat expanded. In 1940, the reserve was recognized as a protected area (however, "security" was carried out mainly on paper due to certain material difficulties). After 10 years, after another increase in the area, he received the status of the National Park, and in 1981 he was recognized as a UNESCO World Cultural and Natural Heritage Monument.
Kenya Masai Mara Reserve is essentially a continuation of the Serengeti Reserve. The ecosystem is considered to be one of the oldest on our planet. The wildlife of Serengeti, as scientists think, today looks like the same as she looked at a million years ago, preserved from the times of Pleistocene. No other reserve of Africa will be compared with the Serengeti in terms of animal species that live here: some plain species in the reserve there are 35! It is not surprising that it is Serengeti that attracts ten thousand tourists annually. The park is considered the best place to observe Lviv, Chepads and Leopards, as well as giraffes.
The reserve is more popular to the President of the Frankfurt Zoological Society, Bernhard Gramuk, who was engaged in the research of animal migrations in Serengeti and wrote several books about him, which brought worldwide fame to the park. Serengeti is not only a natural reserve, but also ethnographic: one of his tasks is to preserve the traditional lifeguard and culture of Masayev. For these purposes, the Serengeti is separated.
"Cradle of mankind"
Oldayway's gorge is on the territory of the reserve, which is called "Cradle of Mankind", in the period from the 30s to the 60s of the last century, large-scale excavations were carried out, as a result of which the bones of Homo Habitus were found, the remains of Australopithek, the ancient tools of labor, bone animals. All these exhibits could be seen in the gorge. But today this part of the park is closed for tourists due to the resumption of excavations - scientists quite rightly believe that tourist access can be surveyed serious damage.
Flora and Fauna Reserve
The Serengeti National Park has unique climatic conditions and a variety of landscapes: in the north it is located wooded hills covered mainly by acacia, in the south - high-level meadows, in the West - real hardwood forests (the same acacias, ferrous and ficuses grow here; And in the center of the park is Savannah.
The animal world of Serengeti is striking with its diversity. The reserve is home to representatives of the "Big Five" - \u200b\u200bLions, Leopards, Elephants, Rhinos and Buffins, and besides them - giraffes, goats, zebras, a few types of antelopes and gazelles, hyenals and sacks, cheetahs, more fools, mangoshos, dickerages, Dramed , warts. In short, animals of the Serengeti represent almost the entire animal world of Africa. Only GNU, ZEBR and Gazelle on its territory lives more than 2 million, and all large animals here are more than 3 million individuals. Here there are primates: Martyski-Gusara, baboons, green monkeys, colobuses.
The lions of the Serengeti live in savannah in the central part of Serengeti, in Seronera Valley. Lions share territory with leopards; Thanks to the large population of giraffes, antelope, warts, who graze on the local rich pastures, are not haunted predators.
In the rivers and lakes of Serengeti you can see hippidts, as well as more than 350 species of reptiles, including crocodiles. Nile crocodiles live in the Groamy River in the West of the Reserve; They are distinguished by amazingly large sizes - they are much more than their "fellow" living in other places. Also Park Serengeti in became a house and "parking place" for a large number of birds of different species. Here you can see birds-secretaries, ostriches and waterfowl. Salted lake Nuduta in the south of the reserve - a house for a large number of flamingos. The number of types of feathered inhabitants exceeds 500! It is not surprising that the reserve is considered paradise for ornithologists.
Tours of the parkSerengeti can be called a safari park: the movement on it occurs in cars and buses, and during the trip you can not only from afar, but also close to watch animals in their natural habitat. Giraffes, for example, are suitable with curiosity, lions simply do not react to passing cars - it is quite possible that you will have to go around the family "King Beasts" the family. But the curiosity of baboons can be somewhat intrusive and unpleasant: they sometimes jump into buses and open car body salons - especially if you see food.
You can go on the Serengeti on the balloon to watch the Great Migration, when about 200 thousand ZEBR, a million GNU and other unwitters move in search of fresh herbs. When a dry period comes in the northern part of the reserve, their path lies with the southern highly harvested plains, where the monsoon rains are held at this time, and with the beginning of the rainy season they go back. The rainy months are March, April, May, October and November. If you want to watch the antilopes of the GNU, it is best to come to Serengeti from December to July, and if you are more interested in lions and other predators - then from June to October. Tourists also attract musical rocks, rock painting Masai and a trip to Volcano Old Langai.
Tourist on noteIf you decide to visit Africa and visit the Serengeti Park - you can fly there with an internal transfer from Kilimanjaro International Airport. You can also come from the car - the road in this case will take about 5 hours.
Based on the size of the reserve, it is clear that it will not work out in one day, but to spend a lot of time on the road just stupid. It created all the infrastructure necessary for tourists, including hotels, and rather - Lagary Rest and Lodge. The best are: 5 * Serengeti Serena Louge, Serengeti Pioneer Camp by Elewana, Kirawira Serena Camp, Singita Sasakwa Lodge, as well as the Serengeti Tented Camp - Ikoma Bush Camp, Lobo Wildlife Lodge, Mbalageti Serengeti, Lemala Ewanjan, Serengeti Acacia Camps, Kananga Special Tented Camp, Kenzan Luxury Mobile Camp.
Approximately comparable in the territory with Northern Ireland and considered one of the largest reserves of the world, Serentheets are famous for the fact that 35 types of mammals, including lions, cheetahs, leopards, elephants, giraffes, gyps, hypopostic, buffalo, rhinos, baboons and antelope, and Also more than 500 species of birds. Many of these animals are no longer found anywhere in the world.
Annual migration of ungulates and zebras at 800 km in search of food and water into the arid season in May is one of the sights of the park. It is impossible to forget the spectacle of the bearing on the plains of animals. Elton John Song "Circle of Life" just written about this, so do not forget to download it in the player, going to the Serengeti. In March, Antelopes and Zebras are removed from the place and wander to the west, moving the burglar of the Groat River. In May-June, the herds change the direction and rushed to the north, feeding the grown greens. By August, herbivores occupy the biennial reserve Masai Mara, and in October, they leave back in Serengiety - only by other paths flying to the east of summer. In February, the Serengeti turns into a huge maternity hospital: thousands of calves appear here daily here, foals and other animals.
In addition to communicating with the animal world through a classic sufari on jeeps, visitors of the Tanzanian National Park can enjoy exotic scenery of African savannah and plains, rivers and lakes. To watch beautiful sunsets and visit the rocks containing Masai's squeezing.
Also, this is the only park in Tanzania, where you can fly in a balloon, if you do not do this, then you will regret all my life.
In East Africa, only National Parks Kenyansky Tsavo exceed the area of \u200b\u200b15,000-kilometer Serengeti (+255-0689062-243, 0767536125) . What is up to popularity, then no one will compare with him - and there is a considerable merit of the father and the son of Gramakekov. In the 50s. German Naturalists first applied aviation to count the number of animals. In the end, their light "Dorney", painted under Zebra, crashed with Michael Grim.com behind the steering wheel. The researchers were buried on the edge of Crater Ngorongoro, and 30 years later, his father, who wrote several books about Tanzanian nature, who did not have to die, "the famous" Serentheet should not die. "
The best time for visiting the park is considered winter (from December to March). Serengeti is 250 km north-west of Aruci. The most visited areas of the huge savanna are southeast and the center where the main local village of Seronera is located. (Seronera) And the largest park airfield. These visitors of the park arrive there, which enjoy daily direct flights Coastal Aruci (1 h. 20 min., 175 $). Airfields are also in the north (Kogatende, Coastal Aviation, daily from Aruci, $ 260) and southern Park (Southern Serengeti, Coastal Aviation, from Aruci, $ 200). The rest come on the highway leading from Arushi to the West in the direction of Lake Victoria. Main Gate Naabe Hill (Naabi Hill Gate, Adults / Children 5-16 years old 50/10 $, under 5 years old - Free, Guide $ 20 / day) Close already at 18.00, since the car movement after 7 hours is prohibited. If there is no safarimobile or rented car at your disposal, then you can reach the serneners on the flight bus coming from Aruci to the North-Western cities of Tanzania - Musoma (Musoma) or Mwanza (Mwanza). So you can drive all Serengeti from the east to the West, but do not count on to see a lot. From the West entrance to the park is carried out through the gate of the balloon basket: flights are organized by Serengeti Balloon Safaris (Arusha, www.balloon-safaris.com) At a price of about 500 $ -Curpose to them or any park hotel in Seroneere. In this village there is also an information center (Visitors Information Center, 8.00-17.00). Day trips to the park also organize hotels, and in travel agencies Dar Es Salaam, Arusha and Moshi can buy a tour (often together with Ngorongoro and other neighboring parks), eg:
- WORLLINK TRAVEL AND Tours (DTV Building, Dar-es-Salaam, + 255-022-2116024 / 5, 022-2126691 / 2, + 255-0752786222; www.worldlinktz.com). Serengeti for 3 days / 2 nights, including flight from Dar Es Salama, costs from $ 1800 (Pare The same program will cost $ 1,800 with people.).
- Serengeti Pride Safaris & Kilimanjaro Climbs (USA River, Arusha, + 255-0785353534; www.serengetipridesafaris.com). Serengeti, Manyara and Ngorongoro for 7 days and $ 1715 (at least 4 people in the group).
- Rikshaw Travel Group. (as a gift + 255-022-2602303 / 304/305 / 610/612/613; 022-2137275,213-9273; in Arusha + 255-027-2545955, 2545956; www.rickshawtravels.com). 5 days / 4 nights with a visit to Serengeti, Ngoronoro and Lake Manyara in the days of migration of hoofs - from $ 2075. Start and ending in a / p Kilimanjaro.
- Tanzania 2000 Adventure. (ARUSHA, + 255-0786013994,077-3478748; www.tanzania-adventure.com). Four-day ride from Arushi to Ngorongoro and Serengeti with overnight stay in the center of the last 980 $ (4 people in the group).
Safari Tours through Serengeti
Safari in other national parks
Lake Maniara
Manyara Lake National Park spread out in the tropical forest at the foot of the Great Rift Valley. The park faced not only predators, but became a house for the colonies of pink flamingos, the number of which amazed even the experienced travelers. The dense pink spot along the coast, reflecting from the water surface, increases in an incredible scale of the already huge population.
Tarangira
The name was borrowed in the dissection of the Taragir River Park, which supplies the surrounding flora and the fauna necessary for life with fresh water. In the very Park Tarangira, one of the largest colonies of baobab long-livers grows. In the dry season, many herbivores, hoping to find salvation from drought, migrate to the river. The herds of the antelope of the GNU, ZEBR and buffaloes are drunk at the lagoon's drying, heated hunting instincts in observing lions and leopards, to get to the underground river flows. Everyone wants to surround her piece of lively moisture.
Ngoronoro.
The ancient crater Ngoronoro is the Heritage of UNESCO and one of the most interesting Parks of Tanzania, it is here that lives the largest number of different types of animals per square kilometer. The park harmoniously fit into the natural landscape of the Great Rift Valley, framed by the rainforest, he donated his natural beauty to the present day. You are waiting for exciting trips on the edge of the crater, Lunch on the shore of the lake with hippopots and picturesque lakes with pink flamingos.
Arusha
Most parks categorically prohibit emergent from the car in an open area, the feature of the National Park Arusha, as a time, are small walking excursions accompanied by Ranger. A walk through the trail studied, which begins among small bushes, passes through a cozy valley and ends with a cutting mountain massif by a waterfall with a funny name, will observe. It is worth noting that it is absolutely safe - there was not a single attack on people in the park, all animals behave very peacefully.
Lake Natron
We know that on Earth there are many places with an extreme habitat, which sometimes look completely harmful and friendly, but it is unlikely that you can say something similar about Lake Natron. It is worth trying to describe it in the colors, as soon as such epithets come to mind immediately as an alien, bloody and lifeless, which is partly true. But, as they say, it all depends on the angle - for someone this place, on the contrary, gives a chance for survival.
Lake Eyasi.
The picturesque creation of the rift valley - Soda Lake Eyasi. On his coast, there are absolutely unlike each other, the tribes of the nations Hadza and the Dog. The first in the past was the nomadic lifestyle: they were engaged in hunting and gathering, and gradually drew in this region. Their survival skill in the wild medium is extremely high, and of course, the skill of archery of onion anticipates any expectations. In turn, people of the people of the National Dog, on the contrary, have always been engaged in cattle breeding and cultivation of the Earth. Other tribes that had better weapons and an advantage in numbers were pushed to Lake Ejacy. Once away from the developing world, the Hadza tribes and the citizen remained intact and were able to preserve their life. Thanks to which, now we can plunge into the atmosphere of primitive African life and even go with them to hunt.
In Tanzania, various national parks, famous for tourists on the entire planet, and the number of such places are very large. Among them, the famous Serengeti National Park, which seeks to get away every traveler who wants to explore True Africa.
This park is located in the Tanzania eponymous region, where there is a great African spill. Northern neighbor is the Kenyan Reserve Masai-Mara (continued Serengeti), and Ngoronoro (Biosphere Reserve) borders on the southeast.
These lands remained wild, while just over a hundred years ago, Masai came here - nomadic tribes from the north, having domesticated cattle.
In 1891, the first European arrived in the region of Serengeti - the German Oscar Bauman, who was a naturalist and researcher. And in 1913, the first hunters began here. From 1921 to 1029, the process of formation was held on this territory, which became the basis for the future of the National Park, which he, more advanced, and became in 1951. This was facilitated by the awareness of the demand for the preservation of wild African nature, because frequent hunting led to a rapid decline in the number of lions, which were called pests.
After 8 years, a reservant called Ngoronoro was allocated from Serengeti.
At the celebration of the fiftieth anniversary of the Park in 2009, scientists raised the question that it is necessary to protect unique land from the mass arrival of foreigners, thanks to which actively develops. So, they limited the access of travelers to the Alday gorge, where the traces of the most ancient people are now investigated. This is done to preserve all finds and cleanliness of research.
Serengeti National African Park
The name of this area and, therefore, the Park was given, it means approximately the "extended plot". The climate is specific here, it contributes to the rustling of life, which is available on the territory of the park. He also affects their lifestyle.
Usually in Serengeti dry and warm, but there is also a rainy season, which here comes from our spring - March-May. In October and November, there are also precipitation, only their smaller.
On the rainy time, the landscapes are filled with greens and flowers, but in the rest of the time he gradually comes drought. Then the inhabitants of this National Park migrate to find water to preserve their lives.
The average temperature does not fluctuate much, it lies in the range from 15 degrees Celsius and up to 25. The coolest period in Serengeti - June-October, especially in the evening.
Serengeti National Park of Serengeti also has various landscapes:
- south - meadows;
- center - Savannah;
- west - numerous forests and plains;
- north - hills with forests;
- southeast - volcanic arrays (NGoronoro).
In all parts you can find a small river, lake or swamp.
Modern landscapes are far from those that were here for a very long time, when the type of local earth surface was formed by volcanic activity, then a huge amount of time passed, and there were always natural elements on the ground, forming the current image.
Special conditions allow you to exist in the vast territories of the park with all sorts of types of flora and fauna, which dispersed in various parts of the Serengeti. Among everyone here is presented the greatest number of residents:
- animals - about 35 species;
- birds are about 500 species;
- reptiles - about 350 species.
Among the wooden parking lots here are:
- antelope GNU (more than 2 million individuals);
- thompson Gazelles (about 0.5 million individuals);
- zebras (about 0.25 million individuals);
- giraffes;
- elephants;
- rhinos;
- dichemes;
- baboins and others.
There are also such predators:
- about three thousand lions;
- cheetahs;
- shakals;
- leopards;
- hyenas.
Famous birds:
- flamingo;
- vultures;
- combat eagles;
- ostrich Era;
- storks.
There are such reptiles:
- crocodiles;
- lizards;
- snakes.
Tourists are attracted by several episodes of the lives of wild inhabitants, the main of which is the great migration of hoofs, namely ZEBR and antelope GNU. Millionna herds of these animals rush through the endless and picturesque areas of Serengeti.
Next for them, predators are necessarily sent, which are not overlooked by any convenient moment for hunting. And already for them are rushing and the pudals, which are the unchanging link of the local power supply chain.
This migration occurs in the National Park from February and to June. At this time, herd moves towards the north, moving along the eastern part. In addition, they are sent in September, and until December they get through Western lands to the south.
The rainy period (November-May) causes herbivores to go to Masai-Mara, where there are fresh pastures. When there are no rains, then in the north of the plains become almost deserts. And so constantly - residents of the park are chased for food at distances a thousand kilometers, constantly risking life.
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