Behind what trees are white mushrooms grow. Where to collect white mushrooms? Comments from our readers

White mushroom sincerely is considered the most valuable and delicious mushroom Of all those mushrooms that grow in the forest. A mature white mushroom hat reaches sizes from 7 to 30 cm, in some cases may be greater. The pulp is strong enough and has a fleshy consistency. If you cut a white mushroom, the color on the slice does not change, which allows you to distinguish it from a similar twin poisonous mushroom. The feet of the mushroom reaches a height of 8 to 24 cm, and an average of 11-13 cm, the thickness of the white mushroom leg thickness is on average 7 - 8 cm.

When collecting white mushrooms

When it is worth collecting a white mushroom in northern moderate climates Russia? In this case, the white mushroom grows from mid-June to the end of September. We recommend reading

When is it worth collecting a white mushroom in the warmth of Russia? In this case, the white mushroom can be found from mid-May to October.

Although in some cases, the timing and season of collecting white mushrooms can move away depending on climatic weather conditions.

When does a white mushroom grow most? The most popular fee of the white mushroom is considered the period from mid-August to early September. It is during this period that the main mass of mushrooms comes to hunting and harvesting on a white mushroom, and knowing mushroom places, come back home with a full basket.

Where to collect white mushrooms?

Collect and look for a white mushroom is mainly in the forests of the prevailing coniferous rock, spruce, pine, is also good if these forests will have mixness with oak and birch.

To find a white mushroom, it is necessary to give preference to deciduous forests with the age of trees from 50 years, and in pine forests with a throat of 20 - 30 years old.

Collect the white mushroom is necessary in the most peak of its growth, which falls on the air temperature from 15 to 19 degrees with small rare precipitation. If the air temperature fluctuates between the day and night, the precipitates are very frequent, the white mushroom will be harder to collect, since such a climate prevents its growth.

Looking for and collecting a white mushroom on sandy, samp and thin soils, since it is on such places that the white mushroom grows best, but it's not worth looking for it on wet and swampy soils, it is practically not growing there. We recommend reading

Considering that the White Mushroom loves the light very much, then it is to look for it on the illuminated areas of forests, although in good fruitful years it can be found in the unlit and even strongly darkened area of \u200b\u200bthe forest.

Comments from our readers

Alexey: I love to collect mushrooms, but, unfortunately, I find a white mushroom very and very rarely. Maybe in our area they do not grow, and maybe I just do not know how to look for them and collect. Tell me where the white mushroom grows and how to collect it properly?

Navalny: Start looking for white mushrooms in July, try to pay attention and look for it in the woods, where the pine as possible is growing as possible. In such forests, I found them most often, I do not know why, but on MCU in a pine, the white mushroom grows more than elsewhere.

White mushroom is perhaps the most famous representative mushroom kingdomwhich could be easily called, without exaggeration, "king among mushrooms." Such glory came to him and thanks to his extraordinary taste properties, and appearance. White mushroom itself (Latin his name Boletus Edulis) refers to the family of the soothed, view of Borovikov, through which it is often called Borovik.

Why white mushroom is called white

The name "White Mushroom" has a deep story that begins in ancient times. The fact is that our distant ancestors, who lived a century ago mushrooms were more often dried than fried or extinguished. They also noticed that when driving, this mushroom continues to be white, hence his name. There is another version, judging by the white mushroom, thanks to its opposition with less delicious "black" obabs, whose flesh has a property to darken on a cut.

White Mushroom - Description and Photo, Feature and Properties

White mushroom hat

White mushroom, as well, and other mushrooms of the kind of Borovikov are famous for their aroma and spicy taste. The white mushroom hat has a brown-brown color, usually it grows up to 7-30 centimeters in diameter. Although in some, especially favorable places you can find a white mushroom with a hat with a diameter of 50 cm.

It is useful to know: the age of a white mushroom can be determined by a hat. So the young mushroom has a hat has almost an artistic convex shape. But the mushrooms older hat are flattering. Also, the mushroom is older, the darker it has the color of the hat, and her surface itself becomes more rough.

Also, the white mushroom hat is pleasant to the touch, its upper skin is tightly connected with the flesh of the mushroom and for this reason it is difficult for her from her. In dry or windy weather, the mushroom hat can be covered with deep wrinkles and cracks causing damage to the inner pores of the mushroom. In the white mushroom hat, a thin film of mucus is formed.

White mushroom pulp

It has a ripe white mushroom usually juicy, dense, fleshy and, of course, white. But the mushrooms of the old one can shit a little bit.

Leg of white mushroom

Usually the height of the legs of the mid-white mushroom is 12 cm, but sometimes you can find a real "white giant mushrooms" with a leg height of 25 cm. The shape of the legs of the white mushroom of the barch-like or bunvidna, but for old mushrooms it can cylindrical diameter, leg diameter usually about 7 cm. Color legs can be from white to brown

Where grow white mushrooms

Almost everywhere, with the exception of course cold Antarctica And also too dry for them Australia. They are often found in european forests, Including in our native Ukrainian carpathians. You can also meet them in Mexico, the Far East and even north Africa, their habitat is very wide.

When white mushrooms grow

The growth cycle of white mushrooms strongly depends on the place of their growth, in our latitudes, white mushrooms begin its height from May-June, and finish in October-November - the most mushroom months. Mushrooms are growing often by the colonies, so if you saw a white mushroom in the forest, know that there is always his relatives nearby.

Which forests grow white mushrooms

Usually white mushrooms love to grow in conifer, deciduous and mixed forests Under such trees as spruce, fir, pine, oak, birch. You can find them in places that thicket moss or lichen, but on swampy soils and peathers white mushrooms, alas, do not grow. In general, the white mushroom loves to warm up in the sun, but it happens that it grows in the shade. White mushroom rare guest In Tundra, Foreturotandra and steppe areas.

Types of white mushrooms, titles and photos

In fact, among the white mushrooms there are several varieties, and below we will write in detail about them.

He is the same net, latin name "Boletus Reticulatus", externally reminds Mokhovik. His hat (with a diameter of 6-30 cm) has a brown or icy color. Cylindrical leg. White flesh. White mushroom mesh can be interpreted in beech, oak or chestnut forests of Europe, America, Africa. Purses this mushroom early other white mushrooms - in June-September, again, depending on the habitat.

He is Borovik Bronze, also known as Borovik Copper or Grab. From other white mushrooms is distinguished by dark, even a brown coloring caps and legs, sometimes there are even such mushrooms completely black. The leg is also cylindrical. But the pulp of this mushroom has white color, and also a very pleasant taste. Dark bronze white mushroom especially often found in North AmericaBut it is possible to find it in Europe, especially in oak and beech forests.

Another name is a spiker. A distinctive feature This mushroom is his bright color. A hat reaching in a diameter of 5-15 cm. Almost white, sometimes it happens cream or light yellow colors. The leg at the sparry of the barrel, the pulp has white color. Grows birch mushroom Exclusively under the birch (hence the name) and meets throughout the habitat of white mushrooms, where only there are birch.

Also known as a mushroom borovy or a pine-boring bolt. It is characterized by a large hats of a dark color, which sometimes has a purple shade. The flesh of this mushroom has a brown-red color. The leg has a short, but thick, has a brown or white color. By the name, you probably guessed that this mushroom grows under the pines, occurs throughout the pine bodies of Europe, America, Asia.

Cap at the oak mushroom brown, but with a gray tint. The pulp of this mushroom is more loose than other species of white mushrooms. It dwells in Caucasian dumbers.

The most common among white mushrooms. His arm of brown and reddish color. The leg is long, but with thickening downstairs. It is usually growing in the pine and fir forests of Europe.

White Mushroom - Use, Properties, Vitamins, Minerals

White mushroom has a large content of minerals, which makes it one of the most useful mushroomsSo what are white mushrooms helpful?

There is an extremely useful substance selenium, helping to heal oncological diseases in the early stages.
Also in the White Mushroom is ascorbic acid necessary for the normal life of human organs.
In the flesh, there is calcium, a vital for the human body (especially bones).
Riboflavin as part of a white mushroom improves hair growth and nails, and also contributes to the regulation of the thyroid robots.
Group vitamins, also present in white mushrooms have positive influence on the nervous system, the work of memory and brain as a whole, contribute to strong sleep, good mood, appetite.
Lecithin available in white mushroom is useful in atherosclerosis and anemia, as it helps to purify the vessels from cholesterol.

Also, the white mushroom has low calories, it can be dried, fry, stew and marine for the winter. The taste of a white mushroom is simply excellent, though he himself is pretty heavy for digestion.

It is useful to know: Of all kinds of cooking white mushrooms, it is mushrooms in dried form best of all assimilated by a person, with use precisely dried mushrooms The body hits 80% of white mushroom proteins. No sporty nutritionists advise that dried white mushrooms.

Harm of white mushroom

Despite all the benefits of the White Mushroom, described above, they can also be poisoned.

In the white mushroom there is a chitin, and it is poorly absorbed by children, pregnant women, people having problems with digestive system and with kidney diseases.
White mushrooms can accumulate toxic from the soil in which they grow. Therefore, you should not collect mushrooms growing next to industrial facilities, highways, landfills and so on.
Some people may have allergic reactions on mushroom disputes.
Also, the poisoning can lead the erroneous use of the twin mushroom, known as bile mushroom or hercot. He will write about it further.

False white mushroom (bile mushroom). How to distinguish a white mushroom from false?

The very important difference between the false white mushroom from the genuine - the color of the cut, false mushroom It will darken or becomes pinkish-brown. The pulp of white, as we wrote above, always remains white.
The bile mushroom on the leg has a very bright pattern in the form of a mesh, which does not have a real white mushroom.
The tubular layer of a false white mushroom with a pinkish tint, and the edible white mushroom is yellow or white.
Also a bile mushroom to taste is bitter, and it remains bitter and after cooking or frying.

Growing white mushrooms at home on a household plot

Plant and grow a white mushroom at home in the garden of many owners. Well, it can be completely implemented in reality. Technology Growing white mushrooms at home is not so complicated. Although it will require you perfection, patience and maximum accuracy. But keep in mind that the white mushroom is a forest citizen who cannot live without symbiosis with a tree, so it will be ideal if your country cottage area Adhes to the forest. If it does not adjoin, then there should be several trees, such as pine, birch, oak or spruce.

In general, there are two main ways to grow mushrooms at home in the country: growing from mycelium and growing from a dispute, which is in the mushroom cap. Below we describe them in detail.

Growing white mushrooms from mycelium

First of all, you need to purchase the Mycelium of the White Mushroom in a special store. Then you can take on the preparation of a plot for the landing of mushrooms. The preparation itself is best done in May, but not later than September.

Around the tree (whether oak, birch, pine, spruce) It is necessary to bargain the soil, removing 15-20 cm of the upper layer from it, thus creating a circle with a diameter of 1-1.5 meters. The soil should be saved for the subsequent shelter of the site.
A peat is placed on the finished site or a well-overwhelmed compost.
The soils prepared in this way are laid out pieces of acquired mycelium, it is desirable to lay them out in a chess order at a distance of 30-35 cm.
Then it is necessary to hide the planted mycelium layer of the soil, which you removed initially. Then the whole thing is necessary to carefully pour (2-3 buckets on the tree, but just so as not to blur the soil).
The plot with mycelicals can be covered with a layer of straw, which will allow maintaining the necessary humidity and will not allow the breather of mycelium.
Before the onset of winter frosts, the plot must be covered with forest moss to create a protective "bedspread" from frosts. In early spring This "bedspread" will need to carefully remove robbles.

The first crop of excellent white mushrooms will be in a year, and if you do everything right, then your homemade mushroom will be fruitful for 3-5 years.

Growing white mushrooms from hats

At first it will be necessary to make the caps from forest mushroomsAnd necessarily mature, and even better overwhelmed. The diameter of the caps should be at least 10-15 cm. Also remember, under what trees the mushrooms grew, whose caps you have rushed, then they will need to be planted under the same trees.

The collected caps are neatly separated from the legs, soaked with water for 24 hours. (You can add to water, 3-5 tablespoons by 10 liters).
After a day, it is necessary to carefully stop the mushroom caps to the state of homogeneous mass, then strain it through the gauze layer, separating the aqueous solution with mushroom spores from the mushroom fabric.
Place for planting white mushrooms to prepare Identally described by us in the first version.
Then the water with disputes must be shedding on a fertile pillow, after a periodically stirring aqueous solution.

The care of the mushroom clearing is to it, although not frequent, but regular and abundant irrigation.

How to collect more white mushrooms, video

And at the end of the useful video Lifehak for mushrooms, how much you can collect white mushrooms.

White mushroom since a long time is considered to be king among all mushrooms. In the people, it is called differently: Borovik, Corovik, a cowboat, a member, Pechur, a cow, Belovik. Even when in the forest a lot different mushrooms Each mushroom is trying to gain as much boroviks as possible in his lukshko. This edible mushroom It has such popularity due to its irresistible appearance and excellent taste.

Chunky, strong forest king - white mushroom, has a velvet, a brown hat. It grows in spruce and pine bodies. Mushroom, has a chestnut hawk - brown. Power hats strong with a pleasant smell. She has a round and convex form, at a break, it lasts a white color. Gubnaya mushroom hat, on top of smooth. In the young Borovka, a tubular layer of a white hat, in a mature yellowish color. The diameter of the hat 25 cm. The leg is strong, thick. Near the Earth is often wider than in the upper part and has a light thin mesh. The mushrooms that have grown in shaded places is long. The thickness of the leg reaches 10 cm, and an average of 12 cm height. White mushroom weight 200 g, but are found in nature giants weighing up to 7 kg.

Where does the king of mushroom grow and when is it better to go for hunting? In the forest for Boroviki can be sent from the beginning of June and until mid-September. It is in these months after the rain there is a "wave" of the growth of Borovikov. White mushroom does not always open the gribrite. He often hides in the moss, for a perestlivy brother-in-law or in false foliage.

Borovik loves to grow next door with a pine, birch, fir, oak, beech and holbox. It can be found in birch forests and even near the thickets of juniper.

White mushrooms prefer to grow when warm and wet. Often it can be found on a lit place heated by the sun of the lawn, in a roof forest, on the old overgrown with grass paths, on the edge, near the pros.

Seeing a white mushroom and taking it into Lukoshko, do not hurry to leave far from this place. Carefully look back on the sides, look, is there no other Borovikov. White mushrooms always grow by families. Sometimes in pine borsa were found in one place to 19 pieces of white mushrooms. In birch groves, they sometimes make up a family of 5 to 40 pieces.

In addition to trees, there are other noticeable details in nature outstanding the close neighborhood of a white mushroom. Red amanita, anthills and grass - Belous are the most notable satellites of Borovik.
Thus, having some knowledge can be largely improved the efficiency of searching for white mushrooms.

Elena Pozdnyakova

Many mushrooms are interested in where white mushrooms grow now? And this is not surprising, because the "quiet hunting" fans with reverence relate to this macromycete, which is called the miracle of the Mushroom Kingdom. Therefore, the question is "where they grow - far from idle. Any mushroom with great joy will put them in a basket.

Description

White mushroom has early age A semi-like hat, but over time it straightens, becomes more convex, and sometimes complied. The diameter can reach 20 cm and more. The color of the hat varies from light-brown to dark brown. The coloring directly depends on the place where white mushrooms grow. In conifer forest arrays Hats have chestnut-brown with a reddish sampling or a dark brown shade. In deciduous forests, they have a pale yellow or bright color. The color scheme also depends on the level of illumination. On the sun, the mushroom lights up - its surface becomes darker.

The young layer matte-white. Over time, the color becomes slightly yellowish, several with a greenish tinge. Young macromycetes have a leg of a barrel-shaped, light gray or light brown. As it grows in height, it acquires a cylindrical shape. Its diameter - up to 7 cm, height - up to 15 cm. White flesh, strong, does not change its color on the sample. Fresh specifically smell mushrooms do not have. Rich in vitamin D.

Macromycet data are found everywhere in the forests of mixed, deciduous and conifer type. Collect them from June to October. The most interesting thing is to determine where white mushrooms grow a specific subspecies, you can paint their fruit body. According to this sign and "forest registration" there are about twenty varieties of macromitzets. So, there is a spruce and birch pine and cow, as well as others. All these macromycetes belong to higher category. They grow on all types of soils, except peat. In some regions, these mushrooms are found in very large quantities.

White mushrooms form mycornism with some varieties of trees. They are fruitless. The first wave begins in early June, the second - closer to mid-July, the third - August, etc. yield is different. As a rule, the first harvest is the most scanty. Mushroomniks believe that this macromitet is somehow connected with where white mushroom grows, you can meet and poisonous beauties. Moreover, the white is accompanied by a mug. If the latter is fruit, then the white mushroom appeared. True, the accuracy of this information is difficult to check.

Culinary application

White mushrooms are eaten in the pickled, stew, fried, boiled, dried. Of these, countless dishes are preparing. And if a fresh copy is no different smell (as already mentioned), then the aroma of dried macromycetes is simply unique. Some mushroom skins believe that any other use of this product is blasphemy. By the way, if dry white mushrooms hold a few hours in a slightly salted milk, they again become like fresh. By nutritional, these macromycetes are twice the chicken eggs.

Breaks of white mushrooms are somewhat, but they all have similar features

The most revered on Russia, the White Mushroom belongs to the genus of Borovikov, has a lot of varieties, as well as the names, the most common of whom Borovik and the Corovnik. White mushroom tubular and his appearance It strongly depends on the conditions of growth, but in comparison with other mushrooms, it almost always looks strong handsome-giant. Therefore, it is impossible to definitely answer the question of how white mushroom looks like. It is very widespread in fir and fir forests, where his dry smooth hat acquires a brown with a chestnut or reddish tint of color and crowns a long, extended leg.

White Mushrooms Video

White mushroom varieties

Our mushrooms undoubtedly give the palm of the championship that is the white mushroom not only for his beautiful view, but also for the unsurpassed taste qualities of dishes prepared on its basis. Prepare all kinds of white mushrooms It is possible in any form: fried, boiled, dried marinated, even cheese.

Borovik is easily recognized by a hat, which from the hemisphere gradually turns into a convex pillow-shaped shape, rearing diameter sometimes up to 30 or more centimeters. No less characteristic is a centerful, barrel-shaped leg, wider at the base. White mushroom - a cosmopolitan, he can coexist with different trees, therefore it is found in deciduous and coniferous, mixed forests and birch groves and everywhere takes a unique appearance.

Birch white mushroom

It has a light yellow, sometimes almost white hatachieving 15 cm in diameter. The fine-sized sponge of the tubular cap of the hat first is more often white or light yellow, but with age increasingly yellowing. The leg is pale brown, but unlike other varieties of white mushrooms has a light mesh closer to the hat. Birch borrows can grow groups or one along the roads or on the edges in places with a cool climate.

Oak white mushroom

He loves warmth and deciduous forests - in addition to the oaks, grows under ramps, lips, and in the south - under chestnuts. This type has a rich fragrance, perfectly saved after drying. Its large (in diameter reaching 30 cm) the hat has a relatively light color (coffee, ohloous, brownish) and a slightly velvety skin, which in the drought cracks and is covered with a specific mesh. Its tubular layer first is also white, and with age changes on yellow and even olive-green color. On the cylindrical leg of the fungus white or brown mesh is clearly visible along the entire length.

Pine white mushroom

It has the brightest color compared to the variety already described, the 20-centimeter mature mushroom hat becomes dark red, and the tubular layer acquires a saturated greenish-olive shade. The net covering the leg is over the entire height, also reddish, but pale than a hat. Pine white can grow not only on heated and well-lit cleaves in coniferous forests, but also under the shadow of thick crowns.

All these species mentioned, regardless of which forests are growing white mushrooms, there are general characteristics that are important when determining their edibility.

The tubular layer should have only yellow, white or olive color.
The edible white mushroom has a dense flesh, without smell and taste, a pleasantly giving a mushroom aroma that does not change white when cut or on a break even in the process of heat treatment.
Squirrels, worms, slippers, mice and other forest inhabitants Eating different mushrooms, but especially love, like we, whites. In large, respectable age, mushrooms do not cost without a densely populated hostel, which means there are a lot of vital products there. It is impossible to completely deliver the old mushrooms from them, so the decay products falling into the mulk mushroom can lead to intestinal diseases or food poisoning. So, sising with worms or the white mushrooms turning into the smear is better left on the spot, and not to fold it in the basket.
If the place is rich in mushrooms, it is better to collect the youngest of them, because old copies are partially lost taste qualitiesIt accumulates protein decomposition products that are dangerous to health.

Where and when are white mushrooms grow?

The question where to look for white mushrooms can have many different answers.

Boroviki love the old forests, abundantly overgrown with lichens and mshami, but no less well feel both on sophobes, loyal and sandy soils. Therefore, white mushrooms grow on all the continents, in addition to Antarctica and Australia.

Short rains and foggy nights in the second half of August are perfect conditions For the rapid growth of white mushrooms. The traditional period when white mushrooms grow, month from June to September is considered. Sometimes the growth of Borovikov in May and October is possible, but the end of summer is considered the most crop.

Video about where to look for white mushrooms

In Russia, Boroviki is closed to arctic zoneAlthough there are very rare in the tundra (only in the Kamchatka, chiban and Chukchi tundra zones). They are infrequently growing in Lesothund, but in the northern taiga are already becoming the most common mushrooms. In the European part of Russia there are many harvests on Boroviki districts, but as they move to the east, closer to Eastern Siberia, they are becoming less. And in the Far East, the outbreak of their population again appears. In the forest-steppes, white mushroom is rare and is not at all in the steppes. More he prefers the plain terrain than the mountain. Boroviki both individually and families are growing, and sometimes there is an increase in rings.

There are many judgments and guessing, why the white mushrooms are so called, although there is no reliable answer. Once very long ago, the word "mushroom" already indicated the white look. Now the version is dominated that it makes it that when recycling his flesh does not change the colors and does not darken, like other mushrooms.

In the summer, the white mushroom lives on average from 6 to 9 days, and in September its life cycle increases significantly (9-15 days), for which he has time to achieve impressive sizes, much superior to other fungi, have time to ripen for 3-5 days.

Despite the widespread prevalence and impressive sizes, Borovik learned to artfully disguise, so his searches invariably require perseverance and patience. Of course, it is best, if there is a possibility of collecting only young mushrooms with hats no more than 5 cm.

Fresh white mushrooms are poorly stored without processing, because after 10 hours they lose many useful qualities. Industrial cultivation of white mushrooms is recognized unprofitable, but mushroom lovers are still experimenting with it.

The benefits and harm of white mushrooms

An important question about which white mushrooms have benefits and harm. As already mentioned, the white mushroom admits any culinary processing, and the Italians even make salads from raw white mushrooms. Perfectly boroviki are combined with potatoes. Cooking fresh boroviki is needed about 40 minutes, and dried to soak pre-in cold water for several hours and then boil until they devour it to the bottom. Ice cream mushrooms after boiling is boiled half an hour. Unfortunately, heat treatment deprives mushrooms useful qualities, and most of all they persist in dried borovics having a wonderful mushroom fragrance and light color. Dried white mushrooms should be stored in paper or fabric bags in dry room temperatures. You can store them one year. Regular inclusion in the diet of white mushrooms allows you to strengthen your eyes, nails, hair, the immune system, is the prevention of atherosclerosis, anemia, the problems of the heart and digestion. It is argued that the daily accepted teaspoon of powder from Borovikov saves from oncological diseases. As part of white mushrooms, there are natural antibiotics, which were effective in tuberculosis therapy. You can quickly heal the wound with a cashie from fresh white mushrooms.

Experienced mushrooms They know the signs of edible mushroom well and quite confidently can distinguish it from the dangerous twin of a white mushroom - a bitter bile mushroom, which is not enough of the Borovikov - for this, it is enough to compare their photos. The difference, however, exists: at the bile mushroom, the tubular layer has a light pinkish shade, it grows this mushroom on the stump or near the river tree, the grid on his leg is darker of the main background. The bile mushroom has a sharp bitter taste, which is simply determined by touching the tongue to its slice, which quickly pose is not dangerous, because the mushroom is only a ridge, but not poisonous.

Did you seem to find white mushrooms? In which month did you collect the greatest harvest? Tell us about it in

In which forest to collect white mushrooms

White, he is a mushroom-borovik, grows in a variety of forests, but it's not so easy to find it. Among the coniferous and deciduous trees, he prefers the neighborhood with birch, oak, pine and fir. The age of trees should be as old as possible: more than 50 years; Pine forest may be younger - 20-25 years.

Most of all white mushrooms are found at the glades well lit and heated by the sun, but they grow in the shade of thick crowns.

The soil

Borovik grows well on moisturized, but not swampy soil, loves moss and lichen coating. Pinery with sand soil - that's where to collect white mushrooms best.

Temperature and weather

Best temperature for white mushroom growth: 15-18 ° C in summer and 8-10 ° C At the beginning of autumn. Favorable conditions - Moderately dry weather, without protracted rains, and the absence of sudden temperature drops. White mushrooms love short-term thunderstorms and warm misty nights.

Geography

White mushroom grows not only in Russian forests, but also around the world, except Australia. He meets even for the polar circle. But forests, where to collect white mushrooms One pleasure, have a plain relief, in the steppes and mountains Borovik disappears.

Season: When collecting white mushrooms

In moderate climatic zone Borovik fruits from mid-June to the end of September, although sometimes it appears for a while and in May. In more warm edges Maybe calmly grow until October.

Answer briefly and unambiguously to the question where to collect white mushrooms, Impossible. To get to your and among the winter to enjoy the aromatic forest delicacy, you will have to go hunt. But it is worth it!

Useful and fragrant. He got such a name thanks to a hat that does not change the color even after drying. The mushroom remains white, although other species gradually black.

Nutritious and flavoring quality at height. From the article you will learn everything about the white mushroom: when to collect them where they grow, how to distinguish from inedible.

Description of white mushroom

Almost every summer, the mushrooms are rejoiced by crop. How nice to look for mushrooms and at the same time enjoy fresh clean air. Enjoy great demand White mushroom. When collecting it, knows every person who specializes in this business. There is an opinion that a white mushroom from the kind of Borovikov.

The diameter of the Hats most often happens 25 cm. Sometimes it reaches 27, and even 30 cm. It all depends on the type. As soon as the hat begins to grow, it looks like a half-one. Gradually becomes more flat and dry. The color of the white mushroom is diverse. Depending on the habitat. As the mushrooms say, it depends on how much light hits the mushroom. It can be both white and dark-brown. That is, the brighter the terrain, the darker the mushroom.

The length of the leg happens 15, 20 and even 25 cm. The thickness of the fungus varies. First, he has a thin leg, over time it becomes a cylindrical shape and comes to 10 cm.

The mushroom has a tube on which small pores are clearly visible. When he grows, his painting changes. At first it is light white, then yellowish, and at the time of ripening is green. At the very breakfast legs from the hat, the color does not change. This is a white mushroom. When collecting it, you need to know. After all, it is impossible to use it with green and relaxed.

White mushroom use

Such a product contains carotene, vitamin B, C, D and Riboflavin. It is these vitamins that help strengthen their nails, hair, skin and the whole organism. The large content of sulfur and polysaccharides helps with cancerous diseases.

As part of a white mushroom, there is a lot of lecithin, with the help of which atherosclerosis is treated and hemoglobin rises. It has a lot of protein, which when frying gradually disappears. That is why it is recommended to use mushrooms in a dried form. They are better absorbed in the body.

Carbohydrates that are in white mushroom support, strengthen the immune system and protect against various viruses. Therefore, they are recommended to use as often as possible. However, mushrooms are heavy food for the stomach. Try to apply them in the soups dried. Where white mushrooms grow and when they are collecting them in the article.

Harm of white mushrooms

People are often used toxic substances, not even suspecting it. Any mushrooms that grow near the track or in polluted places - strong natural sorbents. They absorb all toxic substances. Therefore, to keep your health, you need to look for white mushroom in clear places. When collecting and where, tell me further.

Doctors are forbidden to give mushrooms to children. If there is poisoning, the child will be saved almost impossible.

The children's body cannot cope with the mushroom chitinic shell, as there is an insufficient amount of the necessary enzymes to digest food. Moreover, mushrooms.

Habitat

Many people do not know where white mushrooms grow. Wet and rainy conditions are most suitable for them. Where there is a hand, white mushrooms are impossible in the forest.

Most often, such a delicacy occurs not far from Mochsorov. Which forests grow white mushrooms? Experienced mushrooms can answer this question. Often they are close to rivers or streams. Mushrooms love not only moisture, but also warm. In hot time they are hiding under the bushes, grass, and in the fall, on the contrary, looking for outdoor places so that the sun impressed them.

The mushrooms have an idea, in which forests are growing white mushrooms. After all, they can be found not everywhere. Pine forests or birch groves famous for white mushrooms. In these places they grow no one, but families. Therefore, if at least one mushroom found, do not go far, probably there is still there.

All forests, coniferous, pine or deciduous, are famous for white mushrooms. However, only in old places. Young forests can not boast of abundance of this glorious delicacy.

Now you understand which forests are growing white mushrooms, and you can easily go to their search.

Where to collect white mushrooms in the suburbs

This wonderful delicacy is growing not in every forest. This territory is in the direction of Moscow to the West. It is there that there are forests with high humidity and all conditions for the growth of white mushrooms.

This is in Ruz or Shakhovsky districts. If you go to the northern direction from Moscow, then you can turn to the suburb of Tald.

Experienced environmentalists believe that white mushrooms can not be collected in the Khimki forest or Lyubertsy. These areas are considered contaminated, and the conditions in them are unfavorable for white mushrooms. Even if they are edible, can be poisonous only due to the fact that all harmful substances have absorbed.

Now you know where to collect white mushrooms in the suburbs, and you will not be difficult to understand clean and contaminated areas. Most often, the crop on this beautiful delicacy is big, the main thing is not to be mistaken in it and do not disrupt the poisonous.

When collecting white mushrooms

In the spring and winter, you can not search for this delicacy. Anyway to find them it will be impossible. No one will definitely say, in which month they collect white mushrooms. Usually they appear in June, and their season continues until October. If the summer began before, in April or May, and the humidity of the air is increased, then you can find the first white mushrooms. However, if the autumn frosty and wounded the cold early, then do not wait for them in October.

They grow very quickly. Of the small, weight of 3 gr., In a week it becomes about 200-250 gr. Very often you can meet the giants that reach 700 grams. As a long-term practice has shown than the mushroom, the better is absorbed by the body. That is, it is not quite small, because not matured. Perfect option For eating from 100 gr. up to 300 gr. In too big Mushrooms There are a lot of fiber, so the human body is hard to assimilate them.

Very useful white mushroom. When collecting it, decide for yourself. However, it is always worth remembering that summer is the optimal time for harvesting. White mushrooms love worms and insects very much. Therefore, in the autumn you need to try to find a good and intact product.

The difference between false mushroom from the present

Very often people collect not the product that they need. Everything happens by ignorance. Therefore, they confuse a false white mushroom with the present. They are found equally under deciduous or coniferous trees. The appearance of them is practically identical.

The first delusion of people that the invading false white mushroom grows separately. It can be seen on a warm leaf glade or edge. False mushroom often intersects with the present.

The first difference is a terrible bitter taste. A false mushroom does not apply to the category of poisonous, so more experienced people try a very small piece. It appears immediately very bitter taste.

If you are afraid of the fungus try during the collection, then the heat treatment will help you. When frying or boiling, bitter taste becomes unbearable.

Be careful because in the flesh of the false mushroom are located toxic substanceswho gradually poison the body. With constant use, the liver is destroyed, its performance, and even cirrhosis can develop.

Symptoms of poisoning

You already know what a white mushroom is when collecting it and where. However, it is necessary to understand which symptoms are in poisoning, and what to do in this case. As practice has shown, the first signs appear no later than two hours after use.

The poisoning appears nausea, vomiting and severe diarrhea. The temperature rises almost up to 40 degrees, and their hands and legs become very cold, and the chills begins. In some cases, hallucinations are noticeable.

At the first signs of poisoning, you need to take activated carbon, drink as much as possible cold water and strong chilled tea. Meanwhile, you need to call a doctor or ambulance. Only with the right and timely treatment of a person has the opportunity to recover for three days.

White mushroom or Borovik real (Boletus Edulis) refers to the class of agaricomycetes, the genus Borovik, the family is soothing. It has many names: a cow, a bearish, a deaf, whitelik and others. Refers to edible.

The hat is a convex shape, gradually becomes more flat, the diameter of the scope is up to 30 cm. The outer part is usually smooth, but it may be with a wrinkle, in a hot time cracks. During high humidity with a small mucous layer in dry time Brilliant.

Coloring of white mushroom caps has variations at the place of growth:

among the pines - closer to chocolate, pink edging is possible;
in spruce forest - brown with coffee, sometimes a green tide;
near deciduous trees - Bright, light-nut, yellow ocher.

The flesh is dense, in only the copies that appeared are light, with a yellow-old age. When cutting, the color does not change. It has a weak pronounced taste and smell in raw form. A special pleasant fragrance spreads during cooking or when drying.

The feet of the mushroom with a height of 8-12 cm, thickness up to 7 cm. The form is the "barrel" or "male", the aging instances are elongated, at the base thickened. Surface shades brown with white or reddish shades. The mesh layer is light, most often located closer to the hat. It is rarely a weakly pronounced or missing at all.

The tubular layer - from light from the young to yellowish and greenish with older individuals, from the pulp, the hats moves without difficulty.

Distribution and collection season

They grow close to many trees, but most likely love the "society" of pine, birch or oak groves, yelnik.

Boring form in the fall friendly divides the space with green cheesery In Dubnyak and with a chanterelle next to birch, appears at one time with the green.

It is highly likely to find such Belyaki in pines of 20-25 years, or the Borov Forest is not younger than 50 years old with a movovo-lichen coating.

The best temperature for mushroom growth - in summer months 15-18 degrees of heat, and in September 8-10. Serious temperature differences and rains brake the development of mushrooms. Belyaki grow better after small thunderstorms and foggy warm nights.

Soil love with the presence of sand and soglinka, without excess water. Peatlands and marsh places are excluded. Also do not like hot places, although preferred good illumination.

You can meet Belyaka in all continents, except Australia. Especially actively grows in Europe, the northern part of America and even Africa. In Asia gets to Japan and China. On Russian forest expanses - almost everywhere, reaching the tundra and Chukotka, but does not occur in the steppes. Does not like too "climbing the mountains."

Fruption is single, closer to autumn days - Heavy.

White mushrooms grow seasons: in more moderate climatic latitudes - from mid-June to the end of September days, the most mushroom time - from the fifteenth numbers of August. Where warmer - may appear by the end of May and do not disappear until October.

Species manifold and description

Scientists counted among Belyakov 18 forms, but an ordinary lover in such a debrist would not want to climb. Yes, and meet some actually only on other hemispheres of the planet. Therefore, we consider in more detail what grows in the forests of Russia.

Spruce

White spruce mushroom (Boletus edulis f. Edulis) has a large size, up to 2 kg one instance. Hat chestnut-brown or "brick with a red sweat", in the form of a hemisphere, with time passed to the plane. The top is wrinkled, velvety to the touch. In young mushrooms, the edges are slightly tightened inside.

White tubes, gradually appear yellow-green hue. Height legs 6-20 cm, thickness 2-5. The mesh layer is located closer to the Hat.

Distribution and collection time

Collection is possible from early June to early October in spruce-pine and mixed forests - wild and parking. Love neighborhood with fir.

Oak

White oak mushroom (Boletus Quercicola) has a hat most often coffee-gray, light spots are possible, a diameter - 5-20 cm, fleshy and dense. With age, gradually begins to creepy. With increasing moisture, the surface becomes shiny, slightly mucous.

The leg is extended or in the form of browsing, 6-20 cm high and a diameter of 2-6 cm. Interior More brittle than other types.

Where and in what season are they collecting?

Oak white mushrooms grow from May to October near oaks and mixed vegetation of the middle and southern strip center of the country, the forests of the Caucasus, in Primorye. Distributed widely, at times.

Birch

White Berezovaya Mushroom (Boletus Betulicola) - the fruit body is much larger than others of the fellow. The hat in diameter reaches 5-15 cm, but at times it grows up to 25-27 cm. The color is light - from white to the light coffee, can be slightly wrinkled, in the heat to crack.

The tubes are white, with a decay of the mushroom comes a cream hue. The inside is dense, the dryer remains white. The leg of the barrel-shaped type, white-brown, mesh closer to the hat, in a height of 5-13 cm, 1.5-4 width.

Distribution and collection time

White Birch Mushroom is present in all forests of the European part of Russia, the territory of medium latitudes North and Northeast Asia, Caucasus, Tundra zone - among the Northern Bereznyak. Soils are anyone (but does not take root on peatlands), the main thing is that the birch rose or at least aspen.

You can find from the beginning of summer until October. Some handsome can stand until the first cold. Credit neatly by 1.5-2 cm from the ground. Search for birch white mushrooms is needed on the outskirts of the forest and alongside a walking road.

Pine

White pine mushroom (Boletus Pinophilus) is also called boron, looks like a "fat man." Height legs from 5 to 16 cm, diameter 4-10 cm, more thickened at the base. The surface is completely "shrouded" with a reddish or light brown-made mesh.

The diameter by a hat 5-25 cm. The total color is dark brown, there may be a variety of reddish shades, a slightly pink contour, which has recently growing closer to light. The lower part of white-yellow color, dark with an increase in age. The flesh on a white beam, under the skin - brown with a red tint, weaker structure than a white birch mushroom.

Where and in what season are they collecting?

Borovaya white mushroom collect in Siberian Taiga, coniferous forests western half European part of the country and in the districts of the North-East from July to the 15th of October. Prefers sandy soils of Pine, old bors with ms and lichens. Can be found in the forests of mixed with pine.

It is important to collect while the tubular layer has not acquired a greenish tint - old copies can lead to poisoning!

We collect mushrooms - how to?

Going to the forest should be understood where, when and how to collect white mushrooms. It is preferable to start "hunting" on them in July and August. Especially they run through the ground after brief thunderstorms and warm fogs at night. In the summer, Mushroom Borovik grows 6-9 days, in the fall - 9-15.

It is advisable to come to the forest before the sun rose when the white mushroom is adversely noticed. It does not move away, carefully examining the earth. Especially space with sand and loam, where the soil does not flood. When the summer is raw - it's worth looking at the distance from the trees, on the elevations and places well lit by the sun. If the season is dry - Belyaki is hiding in the trees, where the thicker grass is. Love neighbor with curr.

The best copies for collecting - with a diameter of a hat for about 4 cm. Borovik adore all sorts of pests, so they need to look out on them carefully, especially in the hat. Be sure to cut into parts and remove wormworts. For 10 hours, the white mushroom must be processed (laid on drying, salting, fire, etc.), otherwise it will go most of Useful properties.

Rules for collecting

cut the white mushroom carefully, without damaging the mushrooms;
you can unscrew;
clean the possible pests (although it is better to take whole);
put in container collecting a hat down;
if the legs are high - lay a barrel;
surpassed and dubious copies to leave on Earth;
do not pull out.

Healthy white mushrooms are not afraid of frosts, so you can collect them even after frost. After thawing, they do not lose taste.

Food qualities

The only torn white mushroom has a caloric content of 34 kcal per 100 g of mass, dried - 286 kcal. Nutritional value - 1.7 g of fats, 1 g of carbohydrates, 3.5 g of protein per 100 grams. Also disaccharides and saturated fatty acids.
Praised with a great taste in any form. Special the nutritional value In that it makes the stomach work actively.

90% of the weight occupies water, the remaining 10 are distributed on proteins, fiber, carbohydrates, minerals and fats.

It has essential trace elements - iodine, copper, manganese and zinc. Vitamins - RR, C, B1, A. 22 amino acids. The amount of protein is dependent on the form, the age of the fungus (the younger, the better), places of growing and the way to save. Especially well preserved proteins dried white mushrooms.

The digestibility of mushroom proteins

It occurs more slowly than animals, since the mushroom proteins are enclosed in singular walls, which "do not break through" the enzymes of the digestive tract. To improve the assimction with the body of mushrooms, you need to grind well, peak or deliver.

Using

White mushroom without wormwort is allowed to eat in any form - dried, boiled, fried, salty, pickled and fresh. During drying, they do not become dark, leaving a pleasant forest fragrance. Sauce perfectly go to meat and rice. Powder from such mushrooms can be filled with different dishes. Their Italians love very much, adding salad with raw ingredients with parmesan cheese, refueling with oil, spices and lemon juice.

In the dried form, mushrooms can be stored 1 year, placing them in paper bags. The air temperature must be fixed moderate, the regular ventilation is required.

The benefits and harm of the white mushroom

White mushrooms are both useful and harmful depending on their use by man.

Beneficial features

in Pharmaceutics - treatment of mastopathy, oncology, angina, tuberculosis;
strengthen immunity;
improve the condition of the eyes, hair and nails;
are a preventive tool from Malokrovia and Atherosclerosis;
in external use - contribute to rapid healing of wounds.

Harm

assembled by roads and industrial enterprises - absorb heavy metals and toxic substances;
with improper storage - white mushrooms are able to cause a serious stomach disorder, especially in children;
excessive use of dried mushroom can cause obesity;
with caution to use a white mushroom patient with liver and kidney problems.

Mushrooms Doubles

Serious problem create dangerous twins White mushroom. To distinguish a white mushroom from false poisonous and inedible mushrooms, use the table below.

	White mushroom	Satanian (false white mushroom)	Bile (Gorchak)
Hat	from red-brown, to almost white	serious white, coffee tones or olive	light brown shade
Leg	light mesh layer	yellowish red with mesh pattern	dark mesh layer
Tubular layer	white or creamy young and greenish in old	reddish-orange, at pressing blue	white, later pink
Flesh	dense without smell	tight with an unpleasant smell	soft with a pleasant mushroom smell
Behavior on a break and cut	color does not change	slowly stained in red, then blue	pink
Edibility	edible	poison	insecurity

It is clear that poisonous and inedible mushrooms It is largely similar to white, but with a more attentive inspection, it is still possible to distinguish them. It will additionally help the look at the external state - false are distinguished by an impeccable appearance.

Symptoms of poisoning doubles, first aid

In an adult for poisoning serious symptoms last up to 3 days. It is nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and headache. But due to the unknownness of the effects of poisons, psychogenic reactions are real, up to hallucinations, absolute loss of self-control and memory and even lethargic sleep or death.

As soon as the symptoms arose - urgently rinse the stomach and deliver the poisoned to the hospital or call ambulance. The effects of twin mushrooms, especially satanic, was studied little and first aid delay could end with death.

Carefully compare the appearance of an instance with a description of a white mushroom on the "quiet hunt" with a description of a white mushroom, as you remember it and using the photo in the article. Stay in the basket only those of which are fully confident. And then the handsome-brought handsome beauties will delight all gourmets an amazing aroma and taste of forest gifts.

White mushroom sincere is considered the most valuable and tasty mushroom from all those mushrooms that grow in the forest. A mature white mushroom hat reaches sizes from 7 to 30 cm, in some cases may be greater. The pulp is strong enough and has a fleshy consistency. If you cut a white mushroom, the color on the cut does not change, which allows you to distinguish it from a similar twin of a poisonous mushroom. The feet of the mushroom reaches a height of 8 to 24 cm, and an average of 11-13 cm, the thickness of the white mushroom leg thickness is on average 7 - 8 cm.

When collecting white mushrooms

When is it worth collecting a white mushroom in the northern moderate climate of Russia? In this case, the white mushroom grows from mid-June to the end of September. We recommend reading

When is it worth collecting a white mushroom in the warmth of Russia? In this case, the white mushroom can be found from mid-May to October.

Although in some cases, the timing and season of collecting white mushrooms can move away depending on climatic weather conditions.

Where to collect white mushrooms?

Collect and look for a white mushroom is mainly in the forests of the prevailing coniferous rock, spruce, pine, is also good if these forests will have mixness with oak and birch.

To find a white mushroom, it is necessary to give preference to deciduous forests with the age of trees from 50 years, and in pine forests with a throat of 20 - 30 years old.

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