As well as whales in the sea depths.

From the detachment of predators to which polar bear , it is smaller only sea Elephant, in special cases reaching the length of three meters And body weight flowing to tons.

Self large white bears Based in the Bering Sea, and the smallest on Spitsbergen.

Externally polar bear (as can be seen on photo), it looks like its relatives, differing only by a flat shape of the skull and an elongated neck.

Fur color is mostly white, sometimes it happens with a yellowish tint, under the influence of sunlight in summer, the animal wool can yellow. Nose and black lips, as well as skin color.

White bears live In the indoor areas from the Arctic deserts to the tundra in the northern hemisphere.

They are relatives of the brown bears, of which they stood up approximately 600,000 years ago.

Once there was gigantic white bears, which are particularly large sizes.

Polar Bear B. modern video It appeared as a result of crossing their ancestors with representatives of other species about 100,000 years ago.

An animal has a significant stock of fatty deposits, accumulated in a favorable period and helps him worry severe Winter Arctic.

Long and thick fur contributes to the fact that the polar bear is not afraid of the harsh climate and is not affected by low temperatures.

The hairs of his wool hollow and inside filled with air. The soles of the paws are covered with a woolen pile, so they do not blame and do not slide on the ice, among which the animal calmly bathes in the cold waters of the North.

The bear is usually a leisurely step, swinging from side to side and lowering down the head.

The speed of animal movement per hour is about five kilometers, but during the hunting period, it moves faster and sniffed, raising his head.

The character and lifestyle of the White Bear

Characteristic feature An animal is that he is not afraid of man. But people are better not to deal with such powerful predators in wildlife.

Numerous are the cases of attacking polar bears on travelers and residents of nearby habitats of predators.

If there is a probability of meeting with these animals, you should move with great care.

Even a prison for polar bears is organized in Canada, where they will take the temporary content of individuals closely suitable and representing the danger to cities and settlements.

Polar bearanimal Single, but the animal lobby refers to their own relatives.

However, often between rivals, large clashes in marriage. There are also cases when adult individuals eaten bear.

Arctic Animal Polar Bear lives on sea ice. He is a lover of loved ones and long journeys.

And moves not only on land, but with pleasure floats on the ice floes, diving from them in cold waterwhich is completely not frightened by its low temperature, where it is freely moved from the ice floes on the ice.

Animals are excellent swimmers and divers. The sharp claws are capable of sparkling the snow, pulling out a comfortable and warm berry. In winter, animals are sleeping a lot, but do not fall into full hibernation.

White bears are often kept in zoos. When keeping it in countries with an unusual hot climate for it, it happens that the animal wool is green from microscopic algae, which are breeding in it.

A life white bears in Novosibirsk Zoo online You can observe via the Internet.

This is one of their largest and well-known zoos in Russia, containing many species of rare animals.

White bears become rare due to slow reproduction, shooting poachers and high mortality of young people.

But today the population is slowly increasing. Animals are listed at the specified reasons, in.

Powered by a polar bear

Polar bear - Part animal Mira Tundra, and the prey is the inhabitants of cold seas, such as walrus, seal, sea hare and nerves.

In search of mining, the animal rises in a rack and sniffs the air. And he is able to smoke at a distance of one kilometer at a distance of one kilometer, quietly sneaking towards it from the opposite wind movement so that the victim did not find the approach of the enemy by smell.

Hunting often occurs on the ice floes, where are white bears, hiding in shelters, long wait near the holes.

Success is very promoted by their white color making animals invisible among ice and snow. At the same time, the bear closes, standing in black on a light background, nose.

When the victim looks out of the water, the blow of a powerful paw with sharp deadly claws, the beast eldings her prey and pulls out on the ice.

To the waters of seals, the polar bear often crasles on the belly. Or diving into the ocean waters, from the bottom turns overlaps, with the seal lying on it, and fines it.

Sometimes she lies on the ice floes and, quietly sneaking in a slight throw, drives powerful claws.

With a walrus, which is a stronger opponent, the polar bear enters the fight only on land, he breaks his flesh and devours fat and skin, usually leaving the rest of his body to other animals.

In the summer he loves to hunt waterfowl. In the absence of a more suitable feed, it can eat dead fish and feet, eat chicks, marine algae and grass, birds of birds.

About the White Medvetia It is often said that the beasts make raids on the housing of people in search of food.

Cases of looting of reserves of polar expeditions, disappearing food in warehouses and feasts on the lumps.

The bear claws are so sharp that the animal can easily open tin cans.

White bears are so smart that they are postponing food reserves, in case of its abundance, for more difficult periods.

Reproduction and life expectancy of white bears

By external signs The beaches are very different from male individuals, being significantly less than their size and weight.

Animals have a rather low birth rate. The female is able to become pregnant in a four-year-old, producing only one, in extreme case, Three cubs, and no more than fifteen in life. Behind the bear in the course, several partners of bears are usually followed.

Bear is born in winter, in a diverse mother in the coastal snow berry. The warm and thick wool protect them from the cold.

Representing helpless lumps, they feed on the mother's milk, pressing her in search of heat. And when spring is offensive, leave their refuge to know the world.

But contacts with the mother are not interrupted, go for her on the heels, learning to hunt and wisdoms of life. While the bear will not be independent, the bear protects them from enemies and danger.

Fathers are not only indifferent to their own children, but can also represent a serious threat to them.

Offspring blackand white bear Call polar, which are rarely found in nature, usually contain in zoos.

In the usual habitat, white bears live no more than 30 years. And in captivity when good nutrition And leaving live much longer.


Polar bear, Oshkui.

Areal: Circular region, limited northern coast continents, the southern limit of the spread of floating ice and north border Warm sea currents.
The south border of the habitat of the polar bear usually coincides with the edge of drifting ice or with the mainland coast. Over the past few centuries, the area of \u200b\u200bthis species in general has not undergone any noticeable changes. In the same time, south border The spread of white bears is experiencing significant seasonal changes, Following changes in the boundary of the ice cover.

Description: Polar bear - one of the largest mammals sushi and the largest predatory beast on the planet. It differs from other types of bears with a more elongated body, long neck., thick short and strong legs, the feet of which are much longer and wider than that of other bears, and the fingers almost half of their length are connected by a thick swimming metering. The head is elongated, top with flat and relatively narrow, forehead flat, wide muzzle is sharp, the ears are short from above rounded, the nostrils are widely disclosed. The hole of the mouth is not so deeply cut, like a brown bear. The tail is very short, thick and stupid, barely visible from under the wool. On the lips and above the eyes there are several bristles, there are no eyelashes on the eyelids. With the exception of the dark rings around the eyes, bare nose, the edges of the lips and claws, the polar bear is covered with thick fur. Long cosmatic and thick fur consists of a short undercoat and smooth glossy and rather soft hair. Waped soles of both the rear and front paws are used for thermal insulation and reduce slip while walking on ice and snow. Females have four nipples.

Color: The polar bear is covered with snow-white clothing, which has a young silver color, and old because of the use of oily food acquires a yellow shade. The time of year does not affect the color of the wool. White color contributes to the disguise of a predator when it pods the prey.

The size: The polar bear is much more than all other bears, since at a height of 1.3-1.6 m reaches 2.5-2.8 m in length. Fangs in length have 5 cm.

Weight: It reaches 300-800 kg, and sometimes even tons. Ross posted one bear, which, having lost 12 kg of blood, weighed 513 kg, and Lyon points to one bear weighing 725 kg. Of the 17 bears killed in the Bering Strait and in the areas around him during the travel of Pekhel Leshe, five reached the above mentioned the greatest weight. Fat one big Medveda It can weigh up to 180 kg.

Life expectancy: IN natural conditions Lives about 19 years. Mortality among adult bears is estimated at 8-16%, at the immature 3-16%, 10-30% have 10-30%. The maximum life expectancy of the White Bear is 25-30 years, although the female in the Detroit Zoo in 1999 was still alive at the age of 45.

The roar, because of the addiction to loneliness, the voice is rare.

Habitat: White bears round year Associated with drifting and gap marine ice, where they hunt for seals. However, he likes to live in secluded bays and the bays, in shallow water between the islands, where the pelvic flows regularly wake ice. In winter, and at the beginning of the spring, the bears were most often observed in the gap zone and at the edges of stationary worn, and with a severe ice setting in the sea - on areas with elevated ice fragmentation. In the summer and at the beginning of the fall, most of the polar bears focuses along the southern edge of the ice.
For the mainland landing of the bears if they come, then, as a rule, for a while. Only on the eastern shore of America, near Buffinov and Hudson Bays, in Greenland and in Labrador, on Svalbard and other islands you can see it both on land and on ice floes. In Lapland and Iceland, the polar bear can be found only when it is pressed here on the ice.

Enemies: This giant has no enemies, except for a person. The fall in the number of the beast is associated with poaching shot, as well as poisoning with pesticides and water pollution with oil produced on the shelves.

Food: The polar bear is a 100% predator, and the active and narrow specialization of the seal hunting, mainly behind the collided nerve, as well as a marine hare (for the year the bear mined and eats up to 40-50 seals).
Behind the seals, the bear hunts, raging them at the holes. He puts a terrible punch of a nip the head of the sea animal that appeared from under the water and immediately throws it on the ice. First of all, he devours the skin and fat, and the rest is only in the case of a big hunger. For one feed, the predator usually eats 6-8 kg, occasionally up to 20 kg.
Fish white bear catches, diving or driving her into crevices between the ice floes. On terrestrial animals, he attacks only when he lacks food. Occasionally attacks walrus, Belukh and Narlalov. Northern deer, Sands and birds are also not guaranteed from his attacks.
To the selected mining sneaks because of the shelter Clarice, wept on the snow or ice, having silent whenever it looks. Black nose and eyes. Bear covers the paws.
Seals are trying to lie closer to the holes and crevices of the ice, which give them the opportunity to escape into the sea. These holes bear floating under the ice floes, finds with extraordinary art. If he from afar sees the seal lying on the land, then silently immersed in the water and sails against him against the wind, putting only the nose, eyes and ears, looking behind the ice floes. Sats, approaching the greatest caution and suddenly emerges right before the seal, which becomes it.
If possible, white bears pick up dead fish, marine emissions, eggs and chicks of seabirds, which in other times it happens infrequently. In addition, they grab the warehouses of travelers and hunters. Padal eats it as willingly, as well as fresh meat, but will never touch the corpse of another polar bear. In the seas that are often visited by hunters on seals and kitolov, the polar bear with pleasure eating devoid of skins and fat of the body of seals and whales. Where it is possible, eats and plants, especially berries and moss, which is quite proved by the contents of their stomach.

Behavior: White Bear high level Mental development, exceptional ability to assess the situation and an excellent orientation system. Walking out on the endless expanses of ice-free silence, often in the conditions of the Multi-month polar night and hurricane winds, he never wanders and firmly know where and why goes.
The White Bear has excellent sense organs: he has a phenomenal smell and excellent vision. Therefore, when he wakes up in large flames, it climbs on high ice cliffs and from there from afar notes prey. Dead whale or a piece of salae, roasted on fire, he depletely at a great distance (a few kilometers), and in the wind - and for a dozen. This is determined by his hunting: he marches it slowly on the ice fields from the wormwood to the bastard against the wind, sniffing and listening, and is patiently waiting for his o'clock.
White Bears B. high degree Stogly, and although the motion of the white bear on land is clumsy, but in the water he is deft and graceful.
The front paws of the bear are wide and perform during swimming the role of cheerful. The speed with which it moves in water is equal to 4-5 kilometers per hour. Cosmonate wool, impregnated with fat, does not wet in the water. The thick layer of subcutaneous fat protects from the cold and equalizes specific gravity Body beasts with specific water weight. Therefore, you should not sail several tens of kilometers in the ice sea. He can dive as skillfully as swimming on the surface of the water. Under water holds eyes open, and nostrils and ear shells compress. From the water on the ice pops up playing, dives, even jumping from icebergs and torosa, almost silently and without splashes.
It goes straight, freely jumping through two-meter torosa and ample cracks in the ice.
IN winter hibernation only pregnant females are immersed, all the other are active most of the year. The males and bachers can go to the Berlnam mainly in a heavy nonsense, but not always and not everywhere and sleep not so long. These predators are not afraid even strong frosts, the main thing for them, so that the sea on which they live and hunt, was not completely tightened with ice. All winter these animals spend on the edges of the ice, constantly moving from place to place in search of mining.
Most of the lives of polar bears take place in nomads. To track the movements of polar bears, radio beacles are used, but they can only be applied on bear. The fact is that they are attached to the animal on the collar, but the neck of males thicker, and the collar simply will not hold.

Bears are one of the most ancient animals on Earth. Their first ancestor appeared about 22 million years ago. Today, eight types of bears are known, and one of them is white. This blond is the most large predator on the planet and, according to scientists, one of the most smart mammals. Prostozoo made up a portrait of a white giant, which adapted to life in the coldest corners of the planet.
Scientists found that marine bears, namely, their scientific name, there were brown bears that adapted to the harsh conditions of the Polar region. Today, polar bears can be found in the Arctic, in the north of Russia, Canada, USA, Greenland and Norway. It used to be believed that white bears are nomads, but it is not. Just a little bit huge range Habitat and hunting - up to 200 square meters. km.
White bears are real giants and not in vain are considered the largest terrestrial predators. The growth of the male, if he stands on hind legscan reach 3 m, and we will weigh the giggle to 700 kg. Ladies are two times less than their cavaliers and rarely grow more than 2 m, even less often among them there are pyshins weighing more than 300 kg.

"Yes, the biggest ... Have questions?"

White bears are not really white. Their hairs transparent color And have a thick hollow core. Such a structure of wool allows it to work as an ideal system for collecting and saving solar energyThrough which the bears feel perfectly in minus temperatures. And the skin of the bears, by the way, black.
When relocation in more warm climate Northerner's wool can acquire a bluish or greenish tint due to bacteria and microorganisms that multiply in the cavities of hairs.

"We are not white, we are transparent! Oh, grief to me! "

Folk wisdom reads: dry out of water do not go out! But white bears refute it and come out of the water that is dry. This option is available to them thanks to a very fat fur, which pushes water and prevents wetting.
White bears noble clean. If the fur is polluted - they will not be trend, until they put yourself in order. Daily hygienic procedures occupy 30-40 minutes.
The polar bear is one of the best swimmers among land animals. Part of the scientists even belong to the class marine mammals. For one dive, the bear is able to overcome the distance of 100 km. In water, it develops speed up to 10 km per hour, for comparison, maximum speed Olympic swimmers 6-7 km per hour. It is interesting that floating, the bear rows only with the front paws, the rear is performed by the function of the steering wheel.
Bear paws are perfect veins, they are well adapted for swimming: much wider than other representatives of the family of bearish and with webbed fingers. On land, wonderful paws allow you not to fall into the snow, but thanks long claws Bear does not slide on the ice.

Miracle paws, close-up

Miracle Paws, Background

"Follow me…"

Underwater plan

The polar bear is not inferior to penguins in height jumps. It will easily emerge from the water on the ice floe height of 2.5 m.

"And then!"

The worst enemy of the bears is not cold, but heat, and they are afraid of overheating much more than supercooling. The polar explosives are able to overheat even at minus temperatures, so they prefer slow promenade to quick jogs and spend a lot of time on vacation. The bears go slowly, but if necessary, can rush from space at a speed of 40 km per hour.
White bears are very emotional: after an unsuccessful hunting can charm and scatter huge pieces of ice around them. Slices of ice is not the only one that they are thrown from time to time: polar kits are real silomen and can throw 90 kg of seal into the air.
White - Myatoes. The basis of their diet: fish, seals, sea seals, they are less likely to hunt birds.

Snack

The polar explorer sharp scent, his nose is able to detect seal through a layer of snow and ice with a thickness of 1.5 m and at a distance of up to 32 km.
Moreover, the white bear is a notable hunter, only with 2% hunt it returns with prey.
In the stomach of the lucky hunter can be maintained up to 70 kg of fat, which feeds it during long-term transitions in the ice and turns into subcutaneous fat. Thanks to this, the teddy bear can be starved for several months even in the most severe frosts. Unlike a man, there are no problems with the gears. They themselves are ideal "fishing equipment." But fishermen To compare, you need to choose high-quality fishing rods and coils, hooks and glitters. This is very helpful to special prices for fishing goods from the best manufacturers.

Slees of polar bears will not name, they do not know what winter hibernation is. This is not surprising, because taking into account the climate in the area of \u200b\u200btheir habitat, the winter hibernation would have become a permanent state. Only a pregnant female can afford to hide in the berry and forgotten one month before birth.
When white bears are sleeping, in order to keep the heat, cover the nose and eyes, because these are the only organs that emit it.
Polar bears spend most of their life alone. And only reproduction instinct makes them go to find a partner. The period of mating from the bears lasts from March to July, but the fertilized egg begins to develop in the womb of the female only in September.

"Hurray, I was born!"

Bear is born quite tiny and rarely weighed more pollogram.
In the first months of life, 30% cubs dies. Caring for kids fell entirely on the female.

"From the Berlogs step march!"

In the wild, the life expectancy of white bears is 20-25 years old, and in the conditions of the zoo they can live to 40. The long-life in the wild is due to the fact that the polarists have no natural enemies except man I. global warming. White bears are not afraid of anyone, and feel in their native safety edges.

"Kayfoy!"

Eskimos who hunt the bears, eat everything but naturally, skin and liver, which carries mortary danger For a person. The 500 g of the polar bear liver contains more than 9 million units of vitamin A, while a person is able to assimilate only 10 thousand units.
Global warming turns bears in cannibals. As the melts are melted, they are getting more difficult to catch seals and nerves. Sometimes females eat patients with cubs, and adult males attack the younger and weak relative. Many bears in search of food are sent to distant swimming, hoping to meet with ice floes with lunch, and without having met them, drown.

Drifting Misha

If the melting of glaciers continues, then by calculations of scientists, after 30 years of white bears can be seen only in zoos.

Its length reaches 3 m, mass up to 1000 kg. Usually males weigh 400-600 kg; body length 200-250 cm, height in the withers to 160 cm. Females noticeably smaller (200-300 kg). The smallest bears are found on Spitsbergen, the largest - in the Bering Sea.

Spread

It dwells in the supremources on the northern hemisphere of the Earth.

Circumpolarno is common, north - up to 88 ° C. sh., south - to Newfoundland, on the mainland - in the zone arctic desert Before the TundR zone.

Lifestyle and food

It dwells on drifting and shut-off sea ice, where hunts to its main prey: ring Narpen, Sea hare, walrus, etc. marine animals. He catches them, sneaking because of shelters, or near the holes: It is worth the animal to launch a head out of the water, as a bear with a blow of the paw overhears the prey and pulls it on the ice. First of all, devours the skin and fat, the rest of the carcass - only in case of strong hunger. Drops of production donate the sands. At the case, picks up Padal, dead fish, eggs and chicks, in the rolled places feed on the lumps. There are cases of the robbery of the Food Warehouses of Polar Expeditions. From mining a white bear receives a large number of Vitamin A, which accumulates in his liver: There are cases of poisoning of poisoning of a white bear liver.

Makes seasonal nomads in accordance with annual changes borders polar ice: in the summer it retreats with them closer to the pole, in the winter moves to the south, entering the mainland. Although the polar bear holds predominantly on the coast and ice, in winter it can lay in the Berlnogo on the mainland or on the islands, sometimes 50 km from the sea.

In winter hibernation, a duration of 50-80 days, they are mainly pregnant females. Males and idle females fall into the hibernation on short term And not annually.

Floating White Bear and "Spectator"

Despite the seeming slowness, white bears even on land, fast and clever, and in water it is easily floating and dive. Very thick, dense wool protects the bear body from cold and wetting in ice water. An important adaptive role is played by a powerful layer of subcutaneous fat. White painting promotes a predator disguise. The smell, hearing and vision are well developed - the bear can be seen for several kilometers. According to the observations of Russian submariners, swimming a white bear pursued by a submarine is capable of developing speed up to 3.5 knots. .

Social structure and reproduction

Fight of polar bears (Canada)

Single animals. As a rule, peace-loving in relation to each other. Adult males can attack bear.

Gong from March to June. Behind the female in the course usually follows 3-4 male. In October, female in the coastal snow nansos are digging Berloga. Medvedits have favorite places where they are massively going for a puppy, for example, about. Wrangel or Land Franz Joseph, where 150-200 Berlogue occurs every year. The bear is occupied by burgoot only in mid-November, when the latent stage of pregnancy ends. The whole period of pregnancy is 230-250 days; Bear appear in the middle or end of the Arctic winter. The female at the same time until April remains in the hibernation.

White bears have a low breeding potential: the female first brings offspring at the age of 4-8 years, gives birth once every 2-3 years and has 1-3 cubs in litter, thus bringing no more than 10-15 cubs during life. Newborn helpless, like all bears, and have a lot of about 750. After 3 months, the female, together with them leaves Berlogue and moves to a stray lifestyle. Bear remains with her up to 1.5 years. Mortality among cubs reaches 10-30%.

Life expectancy is a maximum of 25-30 years; In the captivity of the record of longevity - 45 years. White bears can cross with brown and give fertile (capable of producing offspring) hybrids.

And you know what ...

"Umka" in Chukchotski means - bear or more precisely "adult white bear-male"

Economic significance

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Watch what is "Bear White" in other dictionaries:

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    White: White color. White mushroom (Lat. Boletus Edulis) or Borovik edible mushroom 1 oh category from the genus Borovik. White historical term for the designation of representatives of the counter-revolutionary movement. White geographically West ... Wikipedia

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Adapted K. reduced temperatures Arctic and long-term hunger strikes. Unlike their dark fellows, one, one way.

This animal has the most sensitive scent, however, are not deprived and hearing, and acute vision, which allows them to be easily hunted in water on agile seals, which constitute the basic diet of the shaggy predator.

Area habitat

White bears live, perhaps, in the harsh climatic zoneThey are typical inhabitants of the Far North. The Arctic is their home. It happens that the white bear enters the mainland tundra - in coastal zones Greenland, Alaska, Canada, Russia and Norway. Today, the Agreement on the Protection and Protection of White Bears population is concluded between these countries.

White predator does not lead a settling lifestyle and constantly using floating drifting ice. For example, it moves on ice in Alaska from Russia, from Canada to Greenland and Norway. Territorial property is not typical for, so it easily divides residential space with relatives and other animals. But family-minded, on the contrary, is developed.

It is known that white bears can swim without rest with a minus temperature of the air in ice water about eighty kilometers.

The male leaves immediately after the birth of the puppy, and the female raises a long time and learns the young. In the event of the death of the female, the bearishness, as a rule, die quickly, the exceptions represent a brood of three to four puppies, where the very need for the need to struggle for maternal attention and food makes cubs more adapted and independent in the first year of life.

Survival secrets


White has a well-developed paws. They have convex soles with a rough surface that well help the beast in moving along the ice. These white predators of the paws are much more regarding the whole body than those of fellows, other bears. Favorite food look - this is, of course, the fish that the polar bear with ease himself catches in open areas Waters, as well as small land and sea animals.

A polar predator is kept predominantly at the Valley or at sea coasts and tries not to enter the glaciers themselves, although sometimes white bears appear even on the Greenland Glacier Dome.

It is noteworthy that in the traditional winter hibernation, the polar bear does not fall and does not drink water because it gets required amount moisture from their food.

Changing ice conditions seriously affect seasonal migration White bears. When the ice melts and destroys, the polar bear, excellent swimmer, shifts to the Arctic border, closer to the north. With a sustainable seasonal gland formation, the bears migrate back. It is observations of the behavior of white clubs allow scientists