Everyone remembers the fairy tale about the gray wolf, which we were told in childhood. So who is actually a wolf? Image from a fairy tale or a dangerous animal? The wolf ordinary is a major predator of the pet family. Gray Wolf is the master of the tundra and taiga, a hardy and very smart beast. In this article you will find a description and photo of the Wolf, learn a lot of interesting things about the harsh life of this terrible predator.
Externally, the wolf gray ordinary is very similar to the dog, which is not surprising, because these animals have common ancestors. However, the wolf looks significantly larger. The wolf body length can reach 110-160 cm, the tail length is up to 52 cm, the height in the withers ranges from 60 to 90 cm, and the mass of the wild predator body can reach up to 80 kg.
There were cases when the weight of individual individuals exceeded 92 kg. The average wolves weight varies from 30 to 65 kg. Dimensions and mass of wolves depend on geographic location. The colder climate, the larger the animal. Male always larger females.
An animal wolf has a thick, pretty long and warm fur, which consists of two layers, in connection with this, the wolf looks larger. The first layer of wolf wolf is tougher and protects against dirt. The second is a waterproof undercoat that protects the wolf from the cold and various extreme Conditions Nature. An animal gray wolf is very hardy.
The wolf looks like a threatening and dangerous beast, has a strong muscular body, high severe paws and a large broad head with sharp ears. The elongated and large muzzle with dark stripes are combined with almost white cheeks and blond stains in the eye area. The massive face of the wolf is also very expressive. The tail at the gray wolf is quite long and is usually lowered down. On his movement and position, you can judge the mood of the predator.
The wolf ordinary has a completely different color, depending on the habitat. In the forests - this is a gray-brown color. In the tundra - brighter, almost white. In the desert - grayish-reddish. There are even white individuals who are found in the Arctic, as well as red or almost black. Bloodstock at the beast is always gray.
What is the wolf different from the dog? The wolf ordinary is different from the dog not only externally, but also with its traces. The track tracks at the gray wolf is smoother than in dogs, and forms almost a direct line. Also, the wolf has another track length, which is 9-11 cm, and the width is 6-7 cm, the Wolf is 7-9 cm and 5-6 cm. Two middle fingers of the wolf paws are more removed forward, the fingers are not spread and form Significantly more relief imprint than a dog.
Where do wolves live?
Wolf - Animal, which is the most common land predator. This wild animal has a wide habitat. The wolf lives predominantly in cold countries and on various landscapes. In the forests, steppes, deserts, taiga, tundra, forest-steppe and the foot of the mountains.
Wolves live in many areas of Europe (from Russia to Portugal), Asia (from Korea to Georgia) and North America (from Alaska to Mexico). Large individuals inhabit the tundra, and small - southern regions. It is curious that in Russia the wolf is not only on the island of Sakhalin.
Wolf ordinary - an animal territorial. Flocks of wolves live in the conquered areas whose boundaries are denoted by tags. In the summer, when the wolf pack decays, the occupied territory is divided into several sections. The best of them occupies the main pair, and the remaining wolves go to the wool lifestyle.
How do wolves live?
Wolf ordinary - the animal is social. Therefore, the wolves live with flocks, they are hunting together, play and even hundreds. Wolf flock is a family group that consists of animals of different ages And it can consist from 3 to 40 individuals. The packs manages the leader or a motley wolf - the dominant individual of the male. This is the smartest, wise and strong male in the wolf pack. The leader of the flock has a girlfriend - the dominant female. Together they form a pair, thereby combining other wolves around themselves - this is the wolf pack.
A flock of wolves has its hierarchy. The leader in the flock has an indisputable authority. This is a wise leader and he is friendly in relation to all members of the flock. But strangers Materia Wolf meets exclusively aggressively. A beta-male is often present in the flock - the most likely successor to the leader. This is usually a common son of a leading couple or brother of the leading male. The challenger in the seat of the head of the pack periodically demonstrates aggression to Alf-males, as if checking his status, as it is ready to take his place at any time.
A wolf who independently left the flock or was expelled, called a lonely wolf. Such animals have every chance to create their own flocks.
Wolves live relying on their feelings. They use these feelings for hunting and communicating with other wolves. Lovely ear beast allows you to hear the spelling wolf at a distance of seven kilometers. Their smell is 100 times stronger than those of people. Gray wolf is able to run at a speed of 55 km / h.
Wolves live in flocks and each flock has their own hunting plot that animals are carefully guarded from other wolves. In a flock where the leader follows the order, wolves live peacefully and do not fight. The clashes happen to strangers and lonely wolves that broke the border of the site. Each wolf pack has its own territory and hunts only on it.
The hosts carefully guard and swell their territory, leave scratches on the fallen trees or old stumps. Thus, they give to understand what is better to stay away. Unexpected guests are punished, such brutal laws Wolf flock. Wolfwhich hears around - a warning method that the territory is already busy.
The size of the family territory of the common wolf depends on the landscape and varies from 50 to 1500 km². Survival of flock depends on the size of its hunting grounds, so wolves carefully protect them. If food on the family hunting area is more than enough, then several generations of wolves will live on one site. The biggest hunting of wolves are found in open landscapes of tundra and steppes and make up 1000-1250 km². In the forest zone, they are significantly smaller - 200-250 km².
When the wolves have no little young, they roame. Wolves are walking both in styles and alone. As a result, animals sometimes appear in areas where the wolves have not seen several years. Washing wolves per night run up to 70 kilometers.
In flocks, gray wolves are collected in winter. If the snow is deep, the wolves in the flock go housik. Each animal follows each other, stepping as possible in the same trace. The wolf ordinary is very chiter. Therefore, learn in the footsteps, from which amount of wolves is a pack, very difficult.
Why do wolves spend? Wolves are wolf, because howl is a way to communicate with each other. With the help of the Warm Wolves, they find out where members of their family are, declare the capture of mining and seizing the territory, or simply - to chat with relatives. Wolves spend usually in late evening hours. During the year, the wolves most often will be treated in winter when the number of members of the flock reaches its maximum. Wolves begin to lift more actively by the end of summer and with the beginning of autumn, as well as when the puppies lead the family site and begin to move its territory.
What feeds the wolf and how does it hunt?
The wolf is a non-addictive predator. In the basic diet of the wolf of the ordinary include large empty animals: deer, moose, saigas, rams and goats. But the wolf eats also with hares, various rodents and birds, because it is not additive. Sometimes wolves can eat dead members of the flock.
Large livestock accumulations attract wild and predatory wolf. Therefore, near the farms to meet a gray wolf - the usual thing. The wolf feeds on meat, so on average the beast requires 3-4.5 kg of meat per day. Wolves are equipped with their feed. Satisfied, the animal wolf bursts the remaining pieces of meat. Without food, wolves can cost more than two weeks. IN summer period The wolf's ration includes vegetable feed, so the summer wolf is also fed by fruit and berries.
The principles of wolf hunting are very diverse. IN winter time Wolves hunt collectively on large ungulates. This kind of hunting wolves apply in winter. The main advantage of the Winter Wolf Hunt is the presence of a snow cover, along which he easily moves. Snow hoofed animals makes it difficult to escape from the wolf - wild and predatory animal.
It is curious that the collective hunt of wolves provides for the distribution of responsibilities: part of the pack involved in the pursuit of prey, and the other cut the path of production. On the hunt, the wolf's nose is the main adviser. He suggests wild predatorwhere you need to look for prey. Wolves feel the smell of even a small animal, which is in a pair of kilometers from them. It is with the help of acute sense of smell that the wolves can pursue the victim in the footsteps. The wolf hunts almost silently.
The main weapon of the wolf are teeth. Sharp fangs of a length of 5 cm wolf keeps and drags the victim, and the rest of the teeth - separates the game. Wolf's teeth are not only his weapon, but also protection, so their loss is destructive for the animal.
The wolves kill particularly large hoofed animals, attacking the whole packs and attack until their victim falls. At the same time, the championship to enjoy prey on the right belongs to the leader and his female, they eat the best pieces of carcasses.
The wolf hunts very carefully. Imperceptibly squeezing to the animal, a clever jump grabs him for the throat and licks to the ground. Maybe there is a clock in the ambush and wait for the extraction of the whole day. Often they can follow the flock of empty animals, predators do not give out their presence, and wait for a convenient moment to attack.
Wolves are very cunning, in pursuit they stop persecution, giving prey to go far ahead. When the victim reduces the speed, the wolf attacks again. Often wolves attack foxes. But most often they do not eat them. Attacking the flock of livestock, wolves can distract dogs. Part of the wolf flock attacks dogs, and the rest - on the herd.
Wolves are very well oriented on the ground. Many flocks use the same areas of the territory for the end of the victim in a dead end. Having hunting for rodents, the wolf jumps to prey, presses her paw and eats. This hunting is common for wolves in the summer.
In the summer, the pack is divided and predators live singly or small groups. Wolves feed on various animals using worked hunting techniques. IN summer time Most often, the wolf feeds on the hares. But even with all the calculated moves and deft maneuvers in the hunt, it ends not always successfully.
Young wolf - the birth of puppies. How does a flock briefly?
Wolf Lair is a Nora, where the Wolf takes the young wolf. Wolves arrange the lair in secluded places. At the same time, the place must have a good review. Often wolves use empty holes of other animals as a log house.
Wolves breed annually in January-February, for the first time the period of reproduction occurs at the age of 2-3 years. The duration of the pregnancy of the Wolf is about two months. Spring in the lair appear young wolf. Usually the female is born from 4 to 8 wcrways. The wolf puppies are born with deaf and blind, the first days of the life of the kids of the Wolf is constantly near. They begin to see and hear about 10-12 days of life.
Three weeks of the young wolf first come out of the Logov and begin to try meat at the same time. Participation in the cultivation and cultivation of the wipe takes the whole pack. Wolves bring the best meat to the lair with kids.
Little Volcchat color has a grayish brown shade, which changes with age. At the age of 2 months, the Volctera leaves the Logov, but still keep nearby holes. Such places are protected by vegetation from other people's views. Wolf puppies learn the basics of hunting, attack shredder and mice.
The young wolf grow rapidly and their weight increases almost 30 times in the first four months. Newborn wickeds have a blue eye color. At the age of 8 months, the eyes of the wipe change to yellow. By the end of the first winter after the birth of Volctera reach adult sizes. Live wolf ordinary 12-15 years.
Do you need wolves and why?
Why do we need wolves, because for a person a wolf is an enemy. It is dangerous for people and exterminates livestock. Gradually, the struggle of people with wolves led to a reduction in their numbers. But wildly predatory animal wolf ordinary plays important role In the balance of the ecological system.
Wolves are needed to regulate the population of large ungulates. Also, wolves are a kind of "sanitary", since destroying patients of animals, wolves do not give to disseminate diseases. Hunting on weak animals contributes to the survival of the strongest.
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(Arctic Wolf) - extensive spaces of polar regions, immersed almost half of the year in the darkness of polar nights and characterized by a harsh climate. To be able to survive in such conditions, the wolves had to adapt to food Systemwhich includes any feed that he can get. He was able to adapt well to arctic Life: years lives at minus temperatures (it is rarely warmer than? 30 ° C), not sees five months a year sunlight And for weeks, it costs without food.
The adult wolf reaches a length of 100-150 cm, and its height in the withers is usually 65-80 cm, weight Limit - 80 kg.
The average life expectancy of polar wolves is seven years.
Polar wolves got as a habitat. One of the most fruitless territories of our planet, where polar hares and lemmings are served by their feed - representatives of the most numerous group of animals inhabiting here. But for survival, the flock of wolves needs in larger production.
For these purposes, northern deers and sheeps are well suited, but they are rare guests On the wolf territories, so predators have to examine huge spaces of up to 2000 km?, To track down their food.
In winter, with a decrease in temperature, all small animals are hidden under the snow, and the sheeps and northern deer in search of the feed go further to the south. Wolves have to follow them, waiting for the moment for an unexpected attack, because on the open space Tundra hard to hide to be inconspicuous.
The flocks of polar wolves consist of a dozen individuals, including only direct relatives: parents, their last litter and individual individuals left from previous litters.
Most often, the leader of the flock is alpha-male, and his female refers to the hierarchy to beta. The remaining members of the flock obeys them.
Internal hierarchical relations are built in a complex language, which includes movements, bark and growl.
Leaders demand from subordinate unquestionless subordination, and those express their obedience humbly pressed against the ground or lick on the back.
Collisions to blood between wolves occur extremely rarely. Wolves provide information and other flocks to avoid meetings that can lead to fights for the territory or females.
Single wolves become young males who are looking for their own place, where they can organize a new flock.
On the found free territory, he denotes his presence blades Or farements in prominent places to declare their right to her.
Pairing at the polar wolves begins in February and ends in April. Cheating cubs - 61-75 days. Most often it is born in the litter 4-5 wcrways.
In the autumn-winter period, a pack of full migrates on large territoriesbut after graduation marriage period The female leaves the flock to prepare a lair. She can squeeze it herself, but if the earth is too freezing, then the wolf will feel in the old lair.
Baby appear S. closed eyes and underdeveloped ear holes. But after a month, there is no trace from their helplessness - the semiconductous pieces of meat, jumped by the male, who cares about her flock, bringing food to the lair.
When wolves starve a few days, then having caught a large prey, they can eat a ten-cololographed piece of meat at a time.
Polar wolves - night animals with well-developed hearing.
The color allows you to merge with snow, which is very convenient for disguise when hunting on large herbivores. When wolves pursue shebities, moose, deer and caribou, then in one day there may be more than 100 kilometers.
Polar wolves have all the properties to be the owners of the Arctic - their magnificent warm fur coat, night vision, the skills of good hunters give them the full right to this honorary title.
See photos and pictures of polar wolves:
Polar Wolf - mammals, which lives in artics and tundra. They are usually white or yellowish, they are very graceful and majestic. They have their own features external view, behavior, lifestyle and origin. Consider everything about these amazing animals.
To begin with, we will analyze the main criteria for these mammals. These are large animals.
Criteria of northern wolves:
- Height: About 1 meter.
- Length: up to 1.5 meters.
- Weight: up to 80 kg.
- Speed: up to 60 km / h.
This subspecies has an extensive range of features that distinguish it from others. These features make polar wolves unusual and unique.
Appearance and behavior
Polar wolves are completely white, with thick wool. These are large animals, their length is about 1.3-1.5 meters, the height in the withers is almost 1 meter, the weight reaches 85 kg, the males are larger than females. These animals have very thick wool, this is due to the fact that in their habitats it is very cold, and their fur coat is a wonderful protection from the cold. In addition, their wool is light, reddish, and it can be a good disguise. Tail at the polar wolves fluffy.
The behavior of these animals is complex, it is social, adapted to severe habitat. In addition, it is family animals. For example, if a pack found the territory where there is food, its members start to swell, telling other wolves that this is their place. By the way, they mark their territory with urine.
Another feature of the polar wolves is the mind. Their behavior and hunt say they are very organized. For example, during the hunt, they replace each other, all members of the flocks help others.
These mammals rarely suitable for people's homes. And even more so quite infrequently attack the herds belonging to people, because they are afraid of revenge.
Quarrels in the flock - extreme a rare eventwhich happens only in extreme cases. Usually everything is solved peacefully. All members of the flock are unquestioned by the leader. By the way, the quarrels sometimes arise only in the case of a dispute of two families due to the territory. In the event that both families apply for the same habitat. Female individuals are listening to the main female. It is usually very stronger with them.
Food and hunting
Arctic wolves live in places where very long winter, so they learned to adapt to any food that will be found. In such severe conditions, only some plants and animals can survive. Most often in these places are found lemming and Polar HaresHowever, this production is not enough to the wolves. Therefore, they also hunt larger animals: deer and Ovzebykov.
Polar wolves are hunting for sheby flocks. Although they manage to lines in the circle and defend the horns and hooves, the wolves try to tire herd and wait until the circle disks. By the way, the case was recorded when a flock drove the deer on the ice and so caught them.
Lifestyle, reproduction and education of the offspring of polar wolves
Most often arctic wolves live with family flocks of 4-6 individuals (found large steitsIn which more than 15 individuals), they enter the cubs of the latter and the penultimate brood. The leaders of this flock are senior female and male.
The main one in the stake is a leader. He protects it and maintains order. He is very respectful and everyone is listening. Only his female can have a cub. She raises offspring and follows other females and their behavior.
Pairing begins in March. Field maturity of females comes from 2 years, and males - from 3 years. Further, the pregnant female leaves the flock and looking for a lair to leave offspring. Sometimes a female digs him, and sometimes returns to the old and already familiar. Pregnancy lasts 60-63 days. As a rule, the light appear 4-5 cubs, weighing 400 grams, blind, deaf and helpless. All this time, the male brings female and cubs food, cares about them. Only a month later, the kids begin to leave the cave, and in the summer they can become full members of the flock.
By the way, these animals are wonderful parents. In addition, the whole flock takes care of the wicras if little food, all its members share with cubs.
Sometimes a flock migrates where the conditions are better. Usually it goes behind sheep or reindeer. Often, migration occurs south, where a little warmer and more favorable climate.
Communicate in a flock with the help of flaw, rod, warning, scattering, and still using movements. By the way, to show your respect for the leader and obedience, other polar wolves fall on the back or pressed against the ground.
Receiver leader
Often, even before the death of the leader, the pack knows his receiver. This is the most worthy of his son. It differs from other special power, endurance, courage and mind. It chooses either the leader himself, or members of the flock. The leader trains and teaches the receiver, teaches him to protect the pack and solve the important problems of the flock. The remaining sons of the dog have the right to leaving the family and the formation of their own.
Northern wolves are very strong, graceful and beautiful animals. They are very hardy, because their behavior and lifestyle are adapted to severe habitat. In addition, it is amazingly smart and organized animals.
Niramin - Sep 15th, 2016
The polar wolf lives within the island and continental part of the Arctic. It can be found in the extreme north of Canada and Greenland, as well as in Chukotka and in Alaska.
This polar predator looks like many wolves. However, it differs from their relatives thick white with a reddish hint fur and fluffy as a fox tail. This color gives him the opportunity to be invisible among eternal snow And easily sneak up to mining. Polar Wolf - Pretty large beast. The body length of the male weighing about 90 kg is about 180 cm, and its height in the withers reaches 1 m. Females such impressive sizes They do not differ, but the ability of wolves to turn out the largest bones with 42 powerful teeth causes genuine fear of these harsh inhabitants of the Arctic. In addition, muscular long legs Allow them to overcome considerable distances and without tired to pursue the sacrifice.
Unlike their southern fellow, the polar wolves do not differ in the food. Therefore, they feed all that you can catch. The main prey of polar wolves are reindeer and sheep. However, not always the hunt for these animals is successful. Therefore, it is necessary to be content with smaller inhabitants of the Arctic. Polar wolves are very hardy. In the conditions of harsh climate, they can do about 2 weeks without food. After successful hunting, predators are capable of being able to absorb about 10 kg of meat. Including the bones and the skin of the victim.
The polar wolves are living and hunting, in which the strict hierarchy is observed, and each member of the flock knows his place.
These dangerous predators They retained their habitat only because a person is in no hurry to sow a harsh Arctic. Therefore, here they fully dominate, like their old ancestors.
See the selection beautiful photos - Polar Wolf:
Photo: Volctera and Wolf. 
Photo: White polar wolf. 
Video: Arctic and polar wolves
Video: Polar Wolf
Video: Workers in Rural Canada Were Amazed Wild Actic Wolves Approached Them At Their Work Yard
Video: White Wolf - National Geographic
The wolf is a predatory mammal, which refers to the detachment of the predatory, the family of pings (doggy, wolf).
The Russian word "wolf" is consonant with some Slavic names of the beast: Bulgarians call the predator Failure, Serbs - Disc, Ukrainians - Vovk. The origin of the name goes back to the Old Slavonic Word "Oblot", meaning to carry, insole.
Predators have a long and thick tail, which in some species grows up to 56 cm long and always lowered down. The head of the wolf is massive, with highly delivered sharp ears, and the muzzle is elongated and wide. The skull of red and grivy wolves in shape resembles fox.
Wolf's mouth is armed with 42 teeth: predatory teeth are designed to break the prey on pieces and grinding bones, and with the help of fangs, the beast tightly holds and drags his victim.
Only in red wolves, the tooth formula contains fewer indigenous teeth.
Volchats appear to light with blue eyes, But by the third month, the Rajnuina acquires an orange or golden yellow color, although wolves are found, which all their lives remain blue-eyed.
The fur of a thick and two-layer: the undercoat is formed by a waterproof down, and the upper layer makes up the isy hair, repelled dirt and moisture. Low thermal conductivity of wool allows animals to survive in the most severe climatic conditions.
The wolf color is characterized by a rich spectrum of shades, including various variations of gray, white, black and brown, although often fur is red, purely white or almost black. It is believed that the wool color allows predators to harmoniously merge with the surrounding landscape, and the mixing of various shades emphasizes the individuality of animals.
Wolves - Fingering Animals: Support on your fingers allows them to balance their weight during movement. Strong limbs, narrow yard and attaching back allow predators to overcome considerable distances in search of food. The usual allure of the wolf is a light risk trick at a speed of about 10 km / h. The speed of the wolf pursuing production can reach 65 km / h.
The wolf has an excellent rumor, vision is much weaker, but the smell is developed excellent: predator is predatory prey for 3 km, and the ability to distinguish between several millions of different shades of smell is of great importance during the Gon period, during the hunt and with the communicative communication of animals. Urinary and fecal marks are used to denote the boundaries of the territory.
Voice range of wolves is rich and diverse: predators are treated, grumble, draw, squeezed, growl, hump and pass the challenging messages to other members of the flock. At dawn you can hear " choral singing"Wolves. It is believed that wolves have been on the moon, but in fact, the animals will actually report to members of the flock of their whereabouts and distinguishes the strangers. Single animals that live outside a flock, rarely spend not to bring trouble on themselves.
Mimic Wolves is also very developed: thanks to the position of the mouth, lips, ears and tail, as well as the show of teeth predators express their emotional state. Like a home dog, raised tail and wolf ears mean alertness or aggression.
The life expectancy of Volkov
In nature, the wolves live from 8 to 16 years, in captivity lifetime can reach 20 years.
Historically, the range of Volkov ranked second in the area after the Human Area in the Northern Hemisphere, but today it has declined significantly. Wolves live in Europe (Baltic States, Spain, Portugal, Ukraine, Belarus, Italy, Poland, Balkans and Scandinavian countries), Asia (in countries such as China, Korea, Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Afghanistan, Iran , Iraq, North of the Arabian Peninsula), Africa (Ethiopia), North America (Canada, Mexico, USA, including Alaska), South America (Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay). In Russia, wolves are distributed throughout the territory, except for Sakhalin and Kuril Islands.
In Russia live next species Wolves:
- red wolf (2 subspecies of 10);
- grey Wolf;
- tundre wolf;
- steppe wolf;
- eurasian Wolf, he is a Tibetan or Carpathian;
- polar Wolf.
Predators were mastered and adapted to life in a wide variety natural zones: Wolves live in tundra, forests, deserts and semi-deserts, on the plains, in the mountain forest arraysSometimes settled not far from settlements.
Wolves - territorial and social animals forming flocks from 3 to 40 individuals who occupy a personal section of 65-300 square kilometers indicated by fragile labels. At the head of the pack standings a monogamous pair of leaders: alpha-male and alpha female, the remaining members of the flocks are their offspring, other relatives and nursing solids, subordinate to the strict hierarchy. For the period of Gon, the pack splits, the territory is divided into small fragments, but best plot Always gets the dominant pair. During the movement on its territory, the leaders leave odorless labels every 3 minutes. On the border of the territory, the density of tags can be more often.
Being night animals, the Day of Wolves rest in various natural shelters, thickets and shamers and shallow caves, but often use the holes of Surkov, the sands or, and the holes themselves are extremely rare.
What does the wolf eat?
Wolves - one of the most deft, fast and stretch predators, tracking and without tired of pursuing their prey. The wolf diet depends on the availability of feed and most varieties consists mainly of animal food. Wolves equally successfully hunt the packs and one, but to drive and attack large prey, for example, reindeer, bison or yak can only be a cohesive hunt. In 60% of cases, wolves attack young, old, patients or wounded animals, while they feel great, whether the animal is strong and healthy or painful and weakened.
IN wildlife The wolf feeds on large animals (, roe, saigas, bison, boars), more small mammals (, armadors, lemmings), as well as fish, birds that are based on the masonry, and their eggs. The prey of wolves often become large and small pets and birds (geese,), as well as foxes, wild dogs and korsaki.
In the absence of the main source of nutrition, the wolves are not bent with small amphibians (for example,), insects (,) and Padalu (for example, dead seals chosen ashore). Berries, mushrooms and ripe fruits appear in the warm season in the diet of predators.
In the steppes, the wolves quench thirst on the fields with melons - watermelons and melons. Hungry predators even attack in hibernation, will not miss the case of breaking the loose and sick animal, eating up to 10-14 kg of meat. The hungry polar wolf eats the blessing hare, with bones and skin. An interesting feature The wolves are considered to be their habit of returning to the corpses of the unstound victim, as well as to hide the surplus meat about the reserve.
Types of wolves, photos and titles
In the PS family (wolf), several clans are allocated to which different types Wolves:
- Rod wolf (lat. Canis.)
- Wolf, he is a gray wolf, or an ordinary wolf (lat. Canis Lupus.), which includes many subspecies, including home dogs and Dingo dogs (secondary):
- Canis Lupus albus (Kerr, 1792) - Tundrovsky Wolf,
- † Canis Lupus Alces. (Goldman, 1941),
- Canis Lupus Arabs. (Pocock, 1934) - Arabian Wolf,
- Canis Lupus Arctos (Pocock, 1935) - Melville Island Wolf,
- Canis Lupus Baileyi. (Nelson and Goldman, 1929) - Mexican Wolf,
- † Canis Lupus Beothucus. (G. M. Allen and Barbour, 1937) - Newfoundland Wolf,
- † Canis Lupus Bernardi. (Anderson, 1943),
- Canis Lupus Campestris (Dwigubski, 1804) - a deserted wolf, he is a steppe wolf,
- Canis Lupus Chanco (Gray, 1863),
- Canis Lupus Columbianus. (Goldman, 1941),
- Canis Lupus Crasodon (Hall, 1932) - Vancouver Island Wolf,
- † Canis Lupus Deitanus. (Cabrara, 1907) (in some classifications is synonymous with the subspecies of Canis Lupus Lupus),
- Canis Lupus Dingo. (Meyer, 1793) - Dingo dog, or a secondary wild dog,
- Canis Lupus Familiaris. (Linnaeus, 1758) - Dog,
- Canis Lupus Filchneri. (Matschie, 1907),
- Canis Lupus Floridanus. (Miller, 1912),
- † Canis Lupus Fuscus (Richardson, 1839),
- Canis Lupus Gregoryi. (Goldman, 1937),
- † Canis Lupus Griseoalbus. (Baird, 1858),
- Canis Lupus Hallstromi. (Troudhton, 1958) - Novoguina Single Dog (in some classifications is a synonym for a subspecies Canis Lupus Dingo.),
- † Canis Lupus Hattai. (Kishida, 1931) - Japanese Wolf, or Shaman,
- † Canis Lupus Hodophilax (Temminck, 1839),
- Canis Lupus Hudsonicus. (Goldman, 1941) - Hudson Wolf,
- † Canis Lupus Irremotus. (Goldman, 1937),
- Canis Lupus Labradorius. (Goldman, 1937),
- Canis Lupus Ligoni. (Goldman, 1937),
- Canis Lupus Lupus. (Linnaeus, 1758) - European Wolf, He is the Eurasian Wolf, Chinese Wolf, or Common Wolf,
- Canis Lupus Lycaon (Schreber, 1775) - East Wolf, or North American Forest Wolf,
- Canis Lupus Mackenzii. (Anderson, 1943),
- Canis Lupus Manningi. (Anderson, 1943),
- † Canis Lupus Minor (M. Mojsisovics, 1887) (in some classifications is synonymous with the subspecies of Canis Lupus Familiaris),
- † Canis Lupus Mogollonensis (Goldman, 1937),
- † Canis Lupus MONSTRABILIS (Goldman, 1937),
- Canis Lupus Nubilus. (Say, 1823) - Bizonii Wolf, or Wolf Great Plains,
- Canis Lupus occidentalis (Richardson, 1829) - Mackenzian plain wolf, he is Alaskan Wolf, Canadian Wolf or Wolf Rocky Mountains,
- CANIS LUPUS ORION. (Pocock, 1935),
- Canis Lupus Pallipes. (Sykes, 1831) - Asian, he is an Indian or Iranian wolf,
- Canis Lupus PambaSileus. (Elliot, 1905),
- Canis Lupus Rufus (Audubon and Bachman, 1851) - Red Wolf,
- Canis Lupus Signatus. (Cabrara, 1907) - Iberian Wolf (in some classifications is synonymous with the subspecies of Canis Lupus Lupus),
- Canis Lupus Tundrarum (Miller, 1912) - Polar Wolf,
- † Canis Lupus Youngi. (Goldman, 1937) - Wolf Southern Rocky Mountains.
- Wolf, he is a gray wolf, or an ordinary wolf (lat. Canis Lupus.), which includes many subspecies, including home dogs and Dingo dogs (secondary):
- Rod Grivist Wolves (Lat. Chrysocyon.)
- Grievous wolf, or Guara, or Aguaracharachi (Lat. Chrysocyon Brachyurus.)
- Rod red wolves
- Red wolf, or mountain wolf, or the Himalayan Wolf, or Buanzu (Lat. Cuon Alpinus.)
Below is a description of several varieties of wolves.
- Red Wolf, he is mountain Wolf, Himalayan Wolfor Buuanzu(Lat. Cuon Alpinus.)
A large predator, externally combining the features of the wolf, fox and jackal. Mature males grow from 76 to 110 cm long. At the same time, the weight of the red wolf is 17-21 kg. The tail of animals is longer than those of wolves, fluffy, like a fox, and grows up to 45-50 cm long. Red Wolf has a shortened, pointed muzzle and big ears with high post. The main color of animals is various shades of redhead, and the tail tip is always black. A distinctive feature The subspecies are considered a smaller number of teeth and from 6 to 7 pairs of nipples. Differences in the density of fur, color and body magnitude made it possible to divide the view of 10 subspecies.
Biotopes of predators are tied to the mountains, rocks and gorges (up to 4 thousand m above sea level). The red wolf is powered by small animals - amphibians and rodents, as well as large animals: Zambarars, axis and antilopes. In summer, wolves are happy to eat various vegetation.
The essential part of the animal range extends through the territory of Central and South Asia, predators live from Altai Gor. And Tien Shan to Indostan, Indochina and Malay Archipelago. The greatest population is celebrated in the Himalayas, in the south of Iran, in India and the Pakistani Valley Inde. In the other habitats, the red wolf is extremely small or completely extinct, so the view refers to the disappearing and is under guard.
- Grievous wolf, he is Guaraor aguarachaa (lat. Chrysocyon Brachyurus.)
A unique representative of the family, his name is translated as "short-cast golden dog." A long wool is growing on a predator feeder to 13 cm long forming a thick mane. Externally grievous wolf It resembles a large leggy fox, the length of the body of adults is 125-130 cm, due to excessively elongated limbs, the height of the wolf in the withers reaches 74-87 cm, and animals weigh from 20 to 23 kg. Explicit imbalances of the body especially emphasizes long muzzle, large, highly set ears and a short tail from 28 to 45 cm. The wool of the wolf is distinguished by a reddish-yellow color, along the spine runs the strip of black wool, the legs are almost black, and the chin and the end of the tail are blonde.
Grivist wolves live exclusively on the plains, and, evolving, gained their amazingly long limbs, allowing you to lay the path among the thickets of grass. The area of \u200b\u200bthe species passes from the northeast of Brazil to the eastern regions of Bolivia, in the south seizes Paraguay and the Brazilian state of Rio Grandi do Sul. According to the IUCN, the state of the population becomes vulnerable.
Predators feed on rodents, rabbits, armadors, amphibians, insects, and eat Guava, and toastor, which eliminates animals from nematodes.
- East Wolf,he same north American Forest Wolf(Lat. Canis Lupus Lycaon)
Until now, has no specific classification: a number of scientists consider it as an independent view ( Canis Lycaon.) Or consider a gray wolf hybrid with a red wolf or coyote. The growth in the shoulders of the matery males reaches 80 cm, females - 75 cm, with a mass of body 40 and 30 kg, respectively. The fur of an oriental wolf yellowish-brown, on his back and sides are growing, black hair, and the area behind the ears is distinguished by a reddish-brown tint.
Oriental wolves are predominantly carnivorous animals, their prey is the deer, moose and rodents.
These animals live in forests from the southeast of the Canadian province of Ontario to Quebec Province.
- Ordinary wolfor grey Wolf(Lat. Canis Lupus.)
One of the most large predators Among the pieces, with the size of the body, reaching 1-1.6 m. Growth in the shoulders of mothers of individuals is from 66 to 86 cm, the particularly large copies are up to 90 cm. The ordinary wolf weighs from 32 to 62 kg, in the inhabitants northern districts The range of body weight varies from 50 to 80 kg. The tail of predators grows up to 52 cm. The color of animal fur is rather variable: forest inhabitants are usually gray-brown, the inhabitants of the tundra are practically white, predators are gray deserts with red, only undercoat is always gray.
Food of the Food of Wolves - Various Unlock Mammals: Deer, Moose, Kosley, Antelopes, Kabani and Fine Slavs: Mice, Hares, Susliki. Wolves do not break by representatives of their own family, for example, small foxes and raccotovoid dogs, often their prey become various pets. In the period of ripening, the harvesting predators quench the thirst on the Bakhchi, taking watermelons and melons, because moisture they need a lot.
The area of \u200b\u200bthe gray wolf passes through the territory of Eurasia and North America. In Europe, predators are common from Spain and Portugal to Ukraine, Scandinavia and the Balkans. In Russia, the gray wolf lives everywhere except Sakhalin and smoked. In Asia, the beasts are common from Korea, China and Industan to Afghanistan and the North of the Arabian Peninsula. IN North America Animals are found from Alaska to Mexico.
- Red wolf(Lat. Canis Lupus Rufus)
At first was considered as an independent view (lat. Canis Rufus.), But DNA analyzes allowed us to consider it a hybrid of a gray wolf and coyote.
These predators are smaller than gray conifers, but larger than the coyotes, their size ranges from 1 to 1.3 m without taking the tail, and animal growth is from 66 to 79 cm. Mate wolves weigh from 20 to 41 kg. The red wolves are more slender and long-legged than their gray relatives, their ears are more elongated, and the fur on the contrary, in short. The red color of the fur is peculiar to the inhabitants of Texas, in other animals in the color on a par with red, gray, brownish and black tones; Spin, as a rule, black.
The diet of predators consists mainly of rodents, raccoons and hares, the hunt for large prey rarely happens. Insects and different berries perform secondary food, and the case is eaten by Padal.
The Red Wolf is the most rare subspecies, its area, initially covered by the East of the United States, decreased to small areas of Texas and Louisiana, and in the 70s 20th century, the red wolf was completely exterminated, with the exception of 14 copies preserved in captivity. Thanks to events aimed at restoring a population, out of 300 disabled individuals about hundreds of predators today live within the state of North Carolina.
- Tundrovsky Wolf(Lat. Canis Lupus albus)
One of the particularly large and poorly studied subspecies, externally similar to his close relative, a polar wolf, but somewhat inferior to him in size: medium weight Predators is about 42-49 kg. Although there are pure white wolves among the population, most individuals are painted in gray-white and dark gray colors with a complete lack of brown.
Developed massive wolf jaws with strong teeth make it possible to produce large prey, although rodents and hares of Belyaki are present in the diet.
Tundra wolves live throughout the tundra and Ferusotund of Europe and Siberia, up to the Kamchatka and the coast of the Arctic.
- Steppe wolf or Deserted wolf(Lat. Canis Lupus Campestris)
Weakly studied species of predators of a small value, with a rather rare and coarse fur of a grayish-ohloous color.
Desert wolves inhabit steppe and desert landscapes Central Asia, including the Kazakh steppes and the south of Russia: the predfabcasis, the Caspian lowland, the Uralsky district and the Lower Volga region.
- Eurasian wolf, he is European, steppe, Carpathian, Tibetanor to iTAYSKY wolfAlso called wolf ordinary(Lat. Canis Lupus Lupus.)
Externally, the predator resembles North American subspecies, but his fur is more dense and short. The growth of maternal males in shoulders is about 76 cm with a body weight from 70 to 73 kg.
The smallest individuals inhabit Eastern EuropeMost massive are found in the north of Russia. Color wolves is monophonic or includes various combinations of gray, white, black, red and beige shades, and the most brightly colored copies live in Central Europe.
The diet of European wolves depends on the range and consists mainly of medium and large mining, such as saigas, sulfur, mouflons, deers, roebles, boars and even bison and yaks. Predators are not bend by animals in beds, catching hares and frogs, and with the complete absence of feed feed on the waste of the waste of scotch.
Carpathian wolf is considered a particularly common subspecies ordinary Wolf. And it is found at a significant range, which passes through the territory of Eurasia through Western Europe, Scandinavian countries, Russia, China, Mongolia, Azerbaijan and Himalayas.
- polar Wolf(Lat. Canis Lupus Tundrarum)
The closest relative of the European Wolf and the fully disappeared Japanese wolf. Adult males grow in length from 1.3 to 1.5 m, not counting the tail, and weigh about 85 kg, their growth in the shoulders reaches 80-93 cm. The light polar wolf fur is extremely dense, adapted to survival in an extremely cold climate and Warming beast during long hunger strikes.
The most affordable prey to predators become lemmings and arctic whites, with a successful hunt, a flour gets a shebity or reindeer.
The area of \u200b\u200bthe species passes throughout the territory of the Arctic and undergoes minor fluctuations caused by animal migrations - the main power sources. The life expectancy of the polar wolf is about 17 years old.
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