The polar bear is one of the largest predators living on land. Its height in the withers (from the ground to the neck) of 1.5 m, the size of the foot is 30 cm long and 25 wide; Weigh the males of the White Bear 350-650 kg, some even more, females 175-300 kg. Bear lives 15-18 years old.
White bears live in the Arctic - on the North Pole.
The color of the fur of this animal from the snow-white to yellowish, thanks to this, the bear is almost not noticeable in the snow, but the skin of a white bear is black, but it is not visible through thick wool, except that a little - on the nose. White bears are very hardy and can overcome a rapid step of long distances. Their foot covered with wool, which gives greater stability when driving on ice and snow. White bears can run, but usually they are moving on foot.
White bears swim perfectly, they jump into the water head forward or slide from the ice floes, and float with the help of the front paws. Dive with closed nostrils and open eyes. Catch fish. After entering the beach, they immediately shake off the water.
White bears most of the year spend on a shovel of ice shores along the coast. As a rule, they hunt alone. Search for food they are engaged in both the day and night. White bears hunt for seals, waving them at the holes, through which the seals inhale the air, or chosen to the animal lying on the ice. White bears have a very sensitive sense of smell. They are able to telete seals lying in shelter under the snow.
These animals are very curious and smart. During tracking the seal, the white bear covers his black nose with a paw, blocking the prey to retreat, or is prefeed by floating past the ice floating. The bear may experience emotions from rage to joy: after successful hunting and satisfying lunch, it sometimes begins to frolic like a kitten.
In winter, when strong frosts and the polar night are standing, the bear can heal in a hibernation. The Medveditsa also lies for the winter to the ice berry along with the bearings. For five months, she does not eat any food and in this case feeds born cubs, usually two, milk. Bear, coated with rare whitewash, born helpless, blind and deaf. The length of them is 17-30 cm, and the weight of 500-700 g. Mom - a bear warms up with his body. And in the spring, grown bearings overlook the burgold. Fathers - Bears do not take any participation in raising children. And even they can imagine a serious threat to them.
In the summer of food bears more diverse: small rodents, polar foxes, ducks and their eggs. White bears, like all other bears, can eat and vegetable food: berries, mushrooms, mshami, herbs.
White bears remained on earth not a lot and the hunt for them is limited.
Questions on the report about the White Bear
1. What does the polar bear look like?
2. Where do they live?
3. What do you eat?
4. How to multiply?
Many of us believe that white bears have white wool, but in reality it is not so: animal wool, like undercoat - transparent and absolutely colorless. And white they seem to us because there is an air pocket inside each osial hair. When the light beam, consisting of all the colors of the rainbow, falls on the wool, the colors from the air pockets are reflected and, mixing, give a white color.
Depending on the season and the location of the Sun, the animal wool can be not only white, but yellow or brown tones (bears living in captivity, due to algae of artificial reservoirs can even be green). But if someone had managed to shave all the wool from the animal, it would be surprised that the skin of a polar bear was black. The skin of dark color helps to absorb and hold the sun's rays, protecting the predator from the frosts of the Arctic.
A white or polar bear is called the largest predatory mammal animal that dwells on the surface of the earth (inferior only to the sea elephant). He is the closest relative of the brown bear and belongs to the family of bearish. In nature, there are about fifteen species of the polar bear, and the total number of animals is about twenty-five thousand.
You can meet these animals in the indoor latitudes of the northern hemisphere starting from Newfainland and ending 88 ° C. Sh., And they dwell on ice floating in the Arctic from the coast of Eurasia and America, therefore, they can be attributed to the land inhabitants only conditionally.
If you think about how white bears in which natural zone lives, it is possible to surprise: they are the only large predators of the Arctic, ideally adapted for normal existence in polar latitudes. For example, during the snowy storms, they burst into the snowdrifts of the pit, fall into them and, not exciting anywhere, we lose the element.
The dimensions and weight of these animals largely depend on the place of residence: the smallest animals in description live on Spitsbergen, while the largest - in the Bering Sea. The average height of the bear in the withers reaches about one and a half meters, and the weight of males is significantly superior to the mass of females:
- The weight of males varies from 400 to 680 kg, the length is about three meters (the mass of large lions and tigers does not exceed 400 kg);
- The weight of females is from 200 to 270 kg, length is about two meters.
From other representatives of their own species, the polar bear on the description is characterized by a large weight, powerful sloping shoulders, flat head and longer neck.
On the soles of the paw is wool, which allows the animal to slide and not freeze. A membrane is located between the fingers, and the paw structure allows polar bears to float gracefully, elegantly and quickly. Large curved claws are not only able to keep even strong prey, but also allow him to easily move on slippery ice and climbing in blocks.
It is noteworthy that these animals are quite capable of developing speeds up to 10 km / h and without stopping to sail about 160 km. They also dive very well and capable of staying under water for about two minutes.
The polar bear does not freeze due to the thickness, about 10 cm, the layer of subcutaneous fat on the back, the back of the body and the hips, as well as a very warm fur, which holds the heat allocated. The predator wool is very thick and dense, it not only reliably keeps warm, but protects the body of an animal from wetting, and white coloring makes it possible to perfectly disguise.
The teeth of polar bears are noteworthy: in the context they form annual circles of two cement layers. The tooth is tightly attached to the jaw, as the root of the teeth connects with it a layer of cement, which grows through the lifetime of the bear. At different times of the year, the layer grows in different ways and, as it were, consists of two parts: the winter layer is thinner than the summer, which is above it, and the older animal, the distance between the rings is less.
Way of life
Although the white bears and create the impression of a bad animal, in fact they are both on land and in water are very fast, decks, perfectly dive and swim. For example, leaving the danger of a polar bear without problems can move at a speed of about 7 km / h. To overcome, they are capable of considerable distances: the record for the distance of movement was recorded behind a white bear, who, together with the baby, slept 685 km from Alaska in the north side in search of a new home.
The main reason why she did it was that the place where white bears live was no longer suitable due to melting of the ice: seals left their place. Unfortunately, the teddy bear during such a nine-day swim died, and its weight decreased by twenty percent.
Despite its ability to develop high speeds, the polar bears move still prefer slowly and not in a hurry: at least the temperature indicators in the Arctic are able to fall to minus forty, these predators usually test the problem without freezing, but with overheating (especially when running).
Despite the fact that the white bears are single animals, they do not fight for their territory and positively belong to the rest of the representatives of their own species: often master the plot with groups, so far with each other. In the absence of food, you can eat your relative.
In one place, the animals also do not live for a long time and move along with ice, which in the summer sail closer to the pole, in winter - to the south, while being near the continent, the predator goes to the land. A polar bear prefers to be or on the coast, or on glaciers, and in the winter it can comfortably equip the berry at a distance of 50 km from the sea.
It is worth noting that the female sleeps longer during pregnancy (two or three months), while males and non-empty bear fell in a hibernation for a short period, and then not annually. When they go to bed, always closed the nose with a paw: it helps them to save warmly.
When they say about where white bears live, the ice floes immediately remember - it is there that these predators are able to find meals: here they live seals, a ringed nerve, a walrus, a marine hare, and other marine animals, which are included in the predator diet. For year, he in search of food goes around one and a half thousand kilometers. Thanks to the huge reserves of subcutaneous fat, it is capable of not taking food for a long time, but if the hunt is successful, it easily eats up to 25 kg of meat without difficulty (usually the bear catches seal once every three or four days).
Thanks to white color, magnificent hearing, perfect vision and excellent sense of smell, the bear is able to smooth his sacrifice for several kilometers (seal - at a distance of 32 km). Catching prey, sneaking because of the shelters, or the guard of her near the holes: as soon as the victim gives his head out of the water, he stuns a paw and pulls out. But on the shore, the polar bear for some reason hunts very rarely.
Sometimes, boiling to the ice, where seals are resting, he overturns it, and caresses prey in water (it is these animals that mainly make up its diet). But with a more heavy in weight and strong walrus, the polar is able to cope only on solid land, where he becomes nervous.
It is interesting that the white bear eats his prey is not completely, but only the fat and the skin, everything else is - only if the polar foxes, sands, seagulls donate in the carcass). If there is no familiar food, the polar bear is powered by Padalu, it is not bent to eat dead fish, eggs, chicks and even algae. After the meal, the polar bear spends at least twenty minutes to clean it, otherwise the wool will reduce its thermal insulation properties.
Thanks to this method of nutrition, the polar predator receives a sufficient amount of vitamin A from mining, which is postponed in its liver in such quantities that there was not one case of poisoning in the liver of this animal.
Masking of white bears
White bears can be perfectly disguised, and they are able to become invisible not only for mining, but even for infrared cameras, with which scientists are watching predators. It was discovered by zoologists during the flight above the Arctic, which was committed with the purpose of calculating the population of these animals. The equipment was failed to notice bears, because they absolutely merged with their surrounding ice. They could not even find infrared cameras: only eyes, black noses and breathing were reflected.
Invisible bears have become due to the fact that with the help of infrared cameras you can see not only the temperature indicators of the surface, but also radiation that comes from the observed objects. In the case of white bears, it turned out that their wool on their radio energous properties is similar to the characteristics of snow, because of which the chambers could not fix animals.
Offspring
A misstitution for the first time leads offspring not earlier than four years (and sometimes the first births are at eight). She gives birth once every two or three years no more than three cubs. The marriage period usually lasts from March to June, about three or four males follow one female, who are constantly fighting with each other, and adult individuals can even attack and kill the bear. White bears can be broken with brown, as a result of which the offspring appears, which, unlike many other species of animals, is also able to multiply.
Pozhniy bear is preparing in October, starting to dig close to the coast in the snowy nanos of the berry. For this females are often assembled in one place, for example, about two hundred Berherog appears on the island of Wrangel annually. They are not in them not immediately, but in mid-November, and fall into the hibernation until April. Pregnancy lasts up to 250 days and cubs appear blind and deaf usually in the middle or end of the Arctic winter (the eyes open in a month).
Despite the impressive dimensions of the adult individual, the only appeared on the light of the kids along the length of a slight rat more, and their mass is from 450 to 750 grams. When the bearings are performed about three months, and they gain weight, begin to gradually leave the Berlogue together with the Bear, gradually moving towards a stray lifestyle. The cubs live with her mother for three years, and until the age of one and a half years she feeds them with milk, while simultaneously feeding with seals with fat. Mortality among kids is quite high and ranges from 10 to 30%.
Life animal in the modern world
White bears are listed in the Red Book of IUCN: despite the fact that their number is considered a stable and even growing, slow reproduction of white predators, poaching (about 200 animals kill every year) and the big mortality among the cubs make a population easily vulnerable, and in some places they disappeared at all.
Recently, a sharp decline in the population has been recorded in Russia: animals living in the area of \u200b\u200bYakutia and Chukotka, in some areas all sections disappeared. The life expectancy of these predators in nature is about 25 years, whereas in captivity they are able to live to forty-five.
In addition to poachers, global warming affects the life of white bears: Over the past century, the temperature indicators in the Arctic rose to five degrees Celsius, which is constantly reduced by the area of \u200b\u200bglaciers, in which these animals live and live. This directly affects the population of seals, which are their main food that allows you to accumulate the necessary fat reserves.
During the melting, the ice becomes unstable as a result of which the bears are forced to go on the coast, where food is not enough for them, and they are significantly losing weight that negatively affects future bearish.
Another important problem is oil, which is in considerable quantities in sea water around drilling rigs. While a lot of wool protects the bears from damp and cold, if it turns out to be fan with oil, loses the ability to hold the air, which disappears an insulating effect.
As a result, the animal cools faster, and the black skin of a polar bear risks overheat. If the predator is also lucked up like this water or simply misgens with wool, it will lead to the defeat and other diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.
The polar bear is one of the largest representatives of the detachment of predatory on our planet. Northern people call him - Okush, Nanoo and Umku.
There are individuals reaching up to three meters long, and weighing up to a ton. And despite the big weight, the polar bear is very fast and clever.
It floats very well, sailing long distances. The polar bear with ease overcomes hardly overcome ice, and a day passes from thirty to forty kilometers.
The polar bear is perfectly adapted for the harsh Arctic climate. This is facilitated by its dense waterproof fur and thick undercoat. Also very well provides heat and fat reaching with the onset of winter to ten centimeters in thickness. Without this fat, the polar bear could hardly be saved tens of kilometers in ice water.
But for the most part, this beast is a loner. The exception is the mother with children with teenagers. In general, the bear with the mother is a year or even one and a half. In this case, we can talk about group hunt. The polar bear clearly knows, game is one who runs away. And here a cautious bear turns into a ruthless catcher. Running game awakens in him the hunter instinct. Often, his victims in the north are walru and other lastonodi. Fearing the raids of the polar bear, they exhibit a "sentiment" near the root. And these "sentient" themselves often become victims. They prevent the penetration of a frown bear deep into herd, won the time to be saved in the water.
The most basic and favorite food of white bears are seals. In the year, the bear can eat up to fifty seals. But not so, and just hunting seals. The year of the year the condition of the ice is changing, and seals become unpredictable. Therefore, bears have to take thousands of kilometers to find the best place to hunt for seals. In addition, bears need good skills and excellent patience. The bear can wait for the clock for hours at the well. The hunting bear often accompanies a few sands, who crave leftovers killed animals.
Bears not only politely bypass neighboring other people's territory, but they communicate with each other. But so that any interests are not infrigious. Even in the case when the number of prey challengers is growing. Constant climate change, warming, very interfere with bears. Pack ice is retreating, and the water, on the contrary, the coast creates. In such conditions, white bears feel bad.
In the modern family of bearish - eight species. And the polar bear is among them the youngest view and at the same time most fit. This predator will survive and in the depths of the mainland. However, it is adapted to its current habitat. From his fellow, the polar bear is very different, and from other acting inhabitants too. For example, no other year round in white does not go. It is not characteristic of the northern fauna. And only the polar bear allows you not to react to the season. Probably because it is the biggest. So, in contrast to the same sand, which in the summer it becomes a brown-brown, the bear is always white. But it must be said that various metamorphoses also occur with a white skin of the bear. This can occur due to diseases or bad nutrition.
With the anatomy and the physiology of the White Bear, zoisture scientists are familiar. It has been established that the white bear occurred from a giant cave bear during the period of universal icing. But his behavior has little studied. I hunted on a white bear not one hundred years, but for the study began quite recently. The migration issues of the polar bear are also not sufficiently studied. It is argued that the route is always paced against ice drift. Vision at the polar bear is very good. Maybe 10 times, or even 100 times better than a person. If a person from a long stay among white and endless snows can develop a disease, then this does not occur with white bears. He wanders on the tundra and looks out where what is black. Everything that stands out in color among endless white virgin, the bear must check on edible.
White bears, in contrast to the brown, the hibernation does not fall and the berry does not create. Wash the long polar winter in hibernation is practically not real. The exception is only pregnant females. They make the semblance of Berloga. The Medvedian finds the hill from which the wind blows and go to bed. Snow from the hill inflates on the lying naughty. Thus, a snowdrift is formed above the bear, in which she is his body, spreading snow, makes the room and there remains wintering. In the middle of winter, a bear man appears near the snow under the snow. In March-April, females with young leave out.
People around the world, who watched the survival of a bear with bearings from Berlogs, can be counted on their fingers. For some time, the bear will not be able to move away not only from the mother, but also from the place where they were born. For about two or three months, they will walk around the burgold. They will learn to hide, learn not to fall into the snow. And only then they will go along with the mother to wander along the coast of the Arctic Ocean, and there will be going to swim. And all the bearings will learn the chairs from the Mother Year and more. And only after this time, the bearings are separated.
Bears swim well and can cross the ocean formed in the ocean frozen ice. But everything has a limit. Because of global warming, open water becomes more and more and many bears, especially young, drown. They try to keep closer to the islands in the Arctic Ocean, closer to solid land.
40% of the mass of the polar bear is fat. With such a fat breakfather, he can sleep on snow and swim in ice water. It is known that the more the body, the less it cools. And the ocean salt water remains liquid and at temperatures below zero degrees. The bear carefully monitors its skin. It bathes, and after swim wipes about the snow.
The bear is great, but careful. The dwellings of polar explosions come in search of edible. Without special needs, he will not cross the borders of someone else's territory. And the fight does not interfere without extreme necessity. After all, you can get wound, and the wounded beast survive is not easy.
In the Arctic, where the Northern Lights plays in the sky and where the night continues for three months, and the polar day lasts half the year, the Lord of the North in the White Silent Desert lives in the White Bear.
This inhabitant of the Arctic does not have natural natural enemies - only walru can compete with them. And the bears take into account this, avoiding meetings with them.
Polar bear and walruses. 
What does a polar bear look like
Non-dice, clumsy and lining gait - only the first surface impression produced by white bears. In fact, white bears are hardy and deft animals capable of one jump overcome the two-meter height, make a daytime transition of sixty kilometers and not freeze, floating in ice water.
Thanks to the deposits of subcutaneous fat and dense luxurious fur, white bears feel very well in the conditions of polar cold. And their wool covers even feet paws. It is hollow inside, very dense and thick. The snow-white color of the animal fur allows it to be practically imperceptible on the background of polar ice and snow. Only eyes and black nose indicate the location of the white bear attached. During the time of the polar day, due to the long action of sunlight, the animal fur can acquire a golden-yellow shade.
The length of the polar bear body reaches three meters, and height in the withers - up to one and a half. The weight of the adult male, as a rule, is eight hundred kilograms, but can achieve and tons. Female is much less: their weight does not exceed three hundred kilograms. The population of the largest polar bears is common on the shores of the Bering Sea, and the smallest - on Spitsbergen.
Archipelago Land Franz Joseph, about. Land Alexandra, July. 
Where the polar bear lives
White bears in the Russian coast of the Arctic Ocean, in Greenland, Canada, in Alaska and the north of Norway. Their life goes round and drifting ice. On land, animals if they are, then briefly. Exception - Pregnant Males who lie in the Berlds to give birth to kids. In the winter-spring period, the bears are collected at the boundaries of stationary worn and behind the zone of the gap ice, and in the summer-autumn season - in their southern tip.
White bears. 
Polar bear and tourists. 
Two white bearings grabbed the mother, which decided to twist to the next island. Forces on the outcome of the whole Trinity. 
What is powered by a polar bear
White bears - predators and the main appearance of their food has an animal origin. They hunt such inhabitants of the northern seas, like a nerve, sea hare, seal. Bear hunts in various ways. He can be attached to the wormuck and wait for the appearance of mining, to seusy for several hours to the chosen victim and to overtake it with a rapid throw. Sometimes the bear dives underlane with seals, tilts her and jerks the animal with him next to him.
The White Bear almost never eats up his prey, limited by eating fat, throwing the remaining part of the carcass. In search of food, these residents of the Polar region migrate all the time. Often for such travel, animals use ice drifting off the shores. It happens that the bears - "travelers" refers far from their restricted habitats: on the shores of the islands or the mainland coast. There, the bears involuntarily become vegetarians, eating lichens, berries, cereals. Back, in native places, they sneak around land.
Polar Bear Polar Night. 
White bears. 
In the Zoo of Hannover, Polar Bears saved from the heat of frozen desserts from yogurt and fruit. 
White Majer in the Pool Ruch Zoo Pool in Krasnoyarsk. 
The inhabitant of the Moscow Zoo of the Males is nicknamed Milan. 
White Bear Felix in the Ruffer Zoo in Krasnoyarsk. 
Polar bear under water in the zoo. 
About reproduction
Pairing time in white bears falls for the period from March to July. With the beginning of autumn, pregnant marshs shut down snow burgots. In addition to them, other bears in the hibernation are not falling. In February or March, Bear is born, which, as a rule, is two. They appear on the light completely helpless and blind. And only in two months, when the kids are twisted and acquire the ability to follow the mother, the family leaves the Berlogue and leads a stray lifestyle. The first one and a half years of their lives are carried out under maternal custody.
White bears reaches puberty on the fourth year of life, and childbearing is happening every two years.
One and a half year's bear swarm will soon go in adulthood. 
About the status of the population
The current estimated number of polar bears of all populations is thirty thousand individuals.
Polar bear in the Novosibirsk Zoo. 
Polar bear, he is a polar or northern bear (lat. Ursus Maritimus.) - This is a predatory mammal animal, which belongs to the sublistrate pic, the family of bearish, the genus of bears. The name of the beast is translated from Latin as "Marine Bear", and a predator is called Okushi, Nanoo or Umku.
International Scientific name: Ursus Maritimus. (PhiPPS, 1774).
Secure status: Vulnerable view.
Polar Bear - Description, Building, Characteristics
Polar bear is the biggest land predator and one of the largest predators of the planet, which is inferior to its dimensions only to the sea elephant. The largest polar bear weighed just over 1 tons and had a length of about 3 meters. The height of this bear standing on the hind legs was 3.39 m. On average, the length of the body of males is about 2-2.5 m, the height in the withers is from 1.3 to 1.5 m, and the middle mass of the polar bear varies in limits 400-800 kg. The bear is 1.5-2 times less, usually their weight does not exceed 200-300 kg, although pregnant females can weigh 500 kg. Interestingly, in the Pleistocene era (about 100 thousand years ago), a giant polar bear lived on Earth, its size was about 4 meters in length, and the body weight reached 1.2 tons.
The White Bear has a cargo, massive torso and large, powerful paws. Unlike other representatives of the genus, the neck of polar bears is elongated, and the head with small ears has a compiled shape, but with the extended facial department characteristic of all.
The jaw of the beast is extremely powerful, with well-developed, sharp fangs and cutters. In total, the White Bear is 42 tooth. The facial vibryssas in animals are absent.
The tail of the polar bear is very short, has a length of 7 to 13 cm and is almost impaired from under dense fur. The white bear paws ends with five fingers, armed with sharp non-adhesive claws of an impressive value, which allows predators to keep the largest and strong prey.
The soles of the paws are covered with coarse wool, which prevents gliding on the floes and does not give the paws to freeze. In addition, the white bears are perfectly floating and dive, and there is a swimming pool between their fingers, which helps with long swims.
The white bear fur is quite rough, tight and extremely thick, with a well-developed undercoat. Such a rich fur coat and an impressive layer of subcutaneous fat with a thickness of up to 10 cm makes animals almost invulnerable even in the most severe frosts and while in ice water. Not protected by fur only paw pads and the tip of the muzzle.
White bears - mighty and hardy predators, very clever and fast for their weight and impressive dimensions. On land, the speed of the polar bear on average is 5.6 km / h, and when running it reaches 40 km / h. During the day, the animal can overcome the distance of up to 20 km. The polar bear persecuted in the water is capable of accelerating to 6.5-7 km / h, and if necessary, it can sail without stopping for several days. The fact is known when the white bear female without a stop sailed to the place of feeding 9 days, though during this time she lost up to 22% of the mass of her body and his cub.
Polar predators have excellent rumor, vision and smell. The beast is a sacrifice at a distance of more than 1 kilometer, and standing over the shelter of potential prey, is able to catch the slightest movement. Through the meter layer of snow, the polar bear can teach the place of the seal (the holes in the ice, with which the seal is breathing).
Life expectancy of the White Bear
In natural conditions, white bears live about 20-30 years (males up to 20 years old, females up to 25-30 years old), and a fixed duration of life in captivity is 45 years old.
Where do white bears live?
White bears live in the supremor regions of the northern hemisphere, and their area extends to 88 degrees of northern latitude in the north and to Newfoundland Island in the south. The region of distribution on the mainland passes through the arctic deserts to the tundra zone in the territories of Russia, Greenland, the United States and Canada. Animal range is closely associated with the arctic belt covered with drifting and perennial ice, reopening large wormworms with high density of marine mammals, the main power source of polar bears.
Today, the habitat of polar bears has several large populations:
- laptevskaya, common in the sea of \u200b\u200bLaptev, Eastern regions of the Kara Sea, in the west of the East Siberian Sea, in the Novosibirsk Islands and the New Earth archipelago;
- karsko-Barentsevoorskaya, whose representatives live in the Barents Sea, Western regions of the Kara Sea, in the eastern part of the Greenland Sea off the coast of Greenland, as well as on the islands of New Earth, Land Franz Joseph and Spitsbergen;
- chukotka-Alaskan population is distributed in the Chukchi Sea, in the northern part of the Bering Sea, in the east of the East Siberian Sea, as well as on the Islands of Wrangel and Herald.
In the north, the region of distribution of populations captures part of the Arctic basin, although here the polar bears occur much less frequently than in the southernmost seas. Interestingly, the largest white bears live in the Barents Sea, and the smallest live on the island of Svalbard.
The existence of predators is tied to seasonal changes in the boundaries of polar ice. With the onset of heat, white bears retreat to the pole together with ice, and in the winter they return south, and, although their familiar medium are coastal zones covered with ice, at this time predators are often visited by the mainland.
White bear hibernate
First of all, pregnant females lie in a hibernate, the rest of the white bears winter in the Berorga is not every year and at the same time they fall into the anabiosis no more than 50-80 days.
What does the polar bear eat?
The main power source of the polar bear is various marine mammals and fish (seal, ringed nerpe, less often Lahtak (sea hare), walrus, beluga, narrow).
First of all, the polar bear eats the skin and fat sacrifice, and only being very hungry, eats meat of her prey. Thanks to this diet in the body of the animal, a huge amount of vitamin A comes, which accumulates in the liver. At one time, an adult polar bear eats about 6-8 kg of food, and heavily hungry - up to 20 kg. The residues of the meal approach the texts, eternal conductors and whores of the polar bear. In case of unsuccessful hunting, animals are satisfied with a smashed fish, Padalu, ruin the bird nests, drinking eggs and chicks. White bears pretty tolerant belong to their relatives when eating large mining, such as dead whale, near which a large group of predators can come together. Warming on the mainland, white bears willingly dig in the lobster in search of food waste and robbage product warehouses of polar expeditions. The vegetable diet of predators make up herbs and algae.
By the way, the white bears do not eat penguins, as penguins live in the southern hemisphere (in Antarctica, South Africa, Australia, New Zealand, South America, on the islands), and the polar bears live in the northern hemisphere (in the north of Russia, Canada, Alaska, In Greenland and on some islands).
In summer, ice retreats from the shores and can completely melt, which deprives the animals of their faces of feeding. Therefore, in the summer, the white bears live pursuing their fat stocks and starve for 4 months or more. Given the lack of competition for food during this period of the year, animals can be collected in groups and peacefully lie on the shore.
A unique peculiarity of the behavior of a polar bear is his attitude to a person whom he sometimes focuses on and considers how prey. But most often white bears at all show aggression, they are quite trusting and curious. Usually danger to humans represent only females with bearings or wounded beast.
How hunts a white bear?
Potential prey the White Bear lashes near the wormwood, and as soon as the head of the victim is shown above the water, a powerful blow of the paw stuns the animal, after which it pulls the carcass on the ice.
Another equally effective method of hunting is to turn the ice floating on which seals are resting. Often, white bears hunt for walrles, especially young and weak, but cope with the enemy, armed with deadly tensions, are capable of ice only. The bear sneaks to mining for about 9-12 meters, and then sharp jump attacks the victim.
When the polar bear detects the produced of seals (the holes in ice, through which the seals breathe), he tries to expand them, for which it breaks the ice with the front paws. Then he immerses the front of the body into the water, grabs seal with sharp teeth and pulls him on the ice, after which the victim is no longer cope with an unequal opponent.
Breeding of a white bear
Northern bears lead a single lifestyle and relate to relatives quite peacefully, the fights between males occur only during the reproduction period, then aggressive males can attack the bear.
Reproductive age White bears reaches 4-8 years old, and the females become ready for the reproduction of the offspring before the males rather than the males. Gon Bears stretched over time and continues from the end of March to the beginning of June, and the female is usually accompanied by 3-4, sometimes up to 7 males. Pregnancy of polar bears lasts from 230 to 250 days (about 8 months), and it begins with a latent stage, when the embryo implantation is delayed.
In October, the white bears of females begin to dig burgots in snow nanos, and choose certain places for this: for example, on the Islands of Wrangel and the Franz Joseph, where in the coastal zone, up to 150-200 Berlogs are placed at the same time. In mid-November, when the fetal embryonic development begins, the bear swollen in a hibernation that lasts until April. Thus, the offspring is born in the middle or at the end of the Arctic winter.
Taken from the site: PolarBearscience.Files.wordpress.com
The light usually appears from 1 to 3 young (more often 2 bear), completely helpless and tiny, weighing from 450 to 750. 4 cubs can be born in completely exceptional cases. The wool is so thin that often called them naked. At first, the offspring is intensively powered by maternal milk. A month later, the cubs are opening with eyes, after another month, small white bears begin short cracks from Logov, and at the age of 3 months already leave the Berlogue and together with the mother they are going to wander around the ice expanses of the Arctic. Until one and a half years, Milk Food is continued and are under the guard of the mother, and after they begin an independent life. Mortality among the young polar bear is from 10 to 30%.
The Medveditsa brings offspring 1 time in 3 years and throughout the life cycle produces no more than 15 young, which indicates too low potential to increase the population of these animals.
Secure status
White bears are listed in the Red Book of Russia as a vulnerable view, and since 1956, hunting for predators on the territory of the country is completely prohibited. For 2013, approximately 5-6 thousand polar bears lived in Russian polar ice. Other countries have established restrictions on the fishery of these animals, regulated by an annual quota.
White Bear Enemies in Nature
Thanks to its gigantic sizes, white bears have not many enemies in a natural habitat. In the water, the animal may attack a walrus or a kita, on land victims of wolves, sands and dogs sometimes become small bearings, which remained unattended not too vigilant or gazed. The main threat to the White Bear is a man with a gun: unfortunately, even the security status does not always save this giant of the Arctic from armed poachers.
White and Brown Bear Differences
According to PaleonTologists, bearish bodies appeared on Earth about 5-6 million years ago, and the polar bear is considered the youngest view, which made about 600 thousand years ago from the overall ancestor of all bears. Modern white and brown bears are genetically similar, and crossing, form a viable offspring, called polar grizzlys, which are also capable of reproduction.
Taken from the site: www.spiegel.de
White and brown bears occupy completely different environmental niches, have distinctive phenotypic signs, features of nutrition and social behavior, thanks to which are classified as separate species. Below are the differences in white and brown bears.
- the largest polar bear reached a length of 3 meters, while the length of the brown bear does not exceed 2.5 meters;
- the weight of the polar bear can reach one ton, brown conifers weigh no more than 750 kg;
- among the brown bears, many subspecies dwelling in different territories are distinguished. Unlike brown bear, there are no white subspecies.
- the neck of the White Bear is long, and the brown fellow she is fat and short;
- the head of the White Bear is not very large and fightered, and the brown is more massive and rounded;
- white bears - residents of harsh and snowy expanses of the Arctic belt, their southern habitat is the tundra zone. Brown bears, unlike whites, live in a warmer climate in Russia, Canada, USA, in Europe, from Front Asia to the North of China and Korea, as well as in Japan (see habitat maps below). The northern border of their range is the south border of the tundra;
- the polar bear differs from the brown food consumed. If white bears are carnivorous predators, then the brown bear menu consists not only of meat and fish: most of the diet includes berries, nuts, insects and their larvae;
- white bears in the hibernation, only pregnant females are in bulk, and their winter sleep lasts no more than 50-80 days. Winter dream of a brown bear, both in females and males, can continue from 75 to 195 days - it all depends on the animal habitat area;
- gol Bear Bear continues from March to the beginning of June, a brown bear has been launched from May to July;
- white bear usually give birth 2, less than 3 young. The brown can be born both 2-3 and occasionally 4-5 young.
On the left of the polar bear, right brown bear. Photo Authors: Peterw1950, CC0 Public Domain (left) and Rigelus, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Right)
- Since ancient times, the indigenous population of the North is hunts to the Polar bear for the sake of hiding skins and meat, and honors this strong and ferocious beast, as the embodiment of the Terrible Natural Forces. According to the legends of the Eskimos, the confrontation of a person and the polar bear becomes a kind of dedication and the formation of a man as a hunter.
- White bears in search of food are able to overcome the scan of giant distances: the duration of the duration of the swim belongs to the Messenger, which flooded the sea of \u200b\u200bBeaufort from Alaska to many years of ice. During a 685 km long swim, she lost the fifth part of the weight and his one-year-old bear.
- The largest male of a polar bear was shot on Alaska in 1960, the weight of the predator was 1002 kg.
- Upgraded under conditions of extremely low temperatures, the polar bear is extremely warm-blooded: the temperature of his body is about 31 degrees, therefore, predators run extremely rare to avoid overheating.
- The image of a polar bear is actively used in cinema, for example, as characters of popular cartoons "Elka", "Bernard" and "Umka".
- These animals are depicted on the logo of the confectionery production "North" and on the wrappers of candies "Mishka in the north" created by the Krupskaya confectionery factory.
- February 27 - an officially recognized day of the White Bear, which is celebrated by fans of these animals around the world.
Loading...
