This presentation can be used in classes on the surrounding world on the topic "Environmental Protection".
In 2011, the 2nd part of the 1st volume, dedicated to the fauna of Chuvashia, was published.
Some animals listed in the Red Book of the Chuvash Republic: black stork, common dove, eagle owl, common kingfisher, common cricket, chipmunk, ermine, muskrat, dormouse.
Plants listed in the Red Book Chuvash Republic: European swimsuit, open lumbago, blueberry, cloudberry, white water lily.
Guys! If we do not protect animals and plants included in the Red Book, they will die.
To prevent this from happening to those who are still alive, let us treat every living thing on earth with care.
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RED BOOK OF THE CHUVASH REPUBLIC
The Red Book of the Chuvash Republic is a republican constantly updated document and consists of two volumes: the first - rare and endangered species of plants, animals and other organisms; the second is soil.
In 2001, the 1st part of the 1st volume of the Red Book of the Chuvash Republic, dedicated to plants and mushrooms, was published. It includes 243 species and 1 subspecies of plants and fungi.
In 2011, the 2nd part of the 1st volume, dedicated to the fauna of Chuvashia, was published.
Some animals listed in the Red Book of the Chuvash Republic:
Black stork
COMMON DOVE
Common kingfisher
Common cricket
Chipmunk
Ermine
Muskrat
Plants listed in the Red Book of the Chuvash Republic:
European swimsuit
Opened lumbago
Blueberry
White water lily
On the topic: methodological developments, presentations and notes
Animals and plants from the Red Book of the Chuvash Republic
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Project in the preparatory group “Red Book of the Komi Republic”.
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LAW OF THE CHUVASH REPUBLIC ON EDUCATION IN THE CHUVASH REPUBLIC (amended)
(as amended by the Laws of the Chechen Republic of March 27, 2014 N 18, of June 26, 2014 N 38, of November 1, 2014 N 67, of December 8, 2014 N 77)...
Presentation for children of senior preschool age "Red Book of the Komi Republic: fauna"
Familiarization of older children preschool age with representatives of the animal world listed in the Red Book of the Komi Republic....
The position of the republic at the junction of different vegetation zones, the heterogeneity of the relief determines the diversity of animals. Its territory is home to over 60 species of mammals, 44 species of fish, 16 species of amphibians and reptiles. Here you can find more than 260 species of birds and various invertebrates.
In general, the republic is characterized by a mixture of animals southern taiga and typical steppe forms. Human activity has had a significant impact on the fauna. Some animals spread to the republics as a result of artificial resettlement. At the same time, some species of fauna have been destroyed by humans. For example, in the cultural layer of the X-XIV centuries. bones discovered reindeer. Back in 1917, they were available in the neighboring Nizhny Novgorod region.
Rice.
Most representatives of the animal world of Chuvashia live in deciduous forests. There they find reliable shelters and are provided with stable food. The largest ungulate animal deciduous forests is an elk whose weight reaches 400 kg. Behind last years Due to the ban on shooting, the number of moose has increased significantly. Their number exceeds 1000 heads. In the republic they live mainly in the forests near Sur. There is also a noticeable increase in the number of wild boars. The forests are inhabited by moles, hedgehogs, foxes, shrews, bat, badger, raccoon dog, lynx, marten, ermine, weasel, squirrel, mountain hare, mouse, chipmunk. Deciduous forests are especially rich in birds. They include grouse, hazel grouse, wood grouse, woodcock, jay, magpie, cuckoo, swift, woodpecker, warbler, warbler, thrush, owl, and sparrowhawk.
IN coniferous forests animal world poorer. They are inhabited by squirrel, mountain hare, chipmunk, mink, otter, marten and lynx. There are few birds in coniferous forests. The most common species are bullfinch, woodpecker, jay, chaffinch, crossbill, owl, eagle owl, owl, black grouse, wood grouse, black stork, which is included in the Red Book. In the clear sunny days On the trunks of fallen trees and on stumps you can find lizards and snakes. Mostly there are also copperheads. The only one poisonous snake- viper.
In steppe areas, the fauna is noticeably poorer. There are foxes, brown hare, light polecats, and hamsters. The southern regions of the republic are inhabited by the speckled ground squirrel, jerboa, marmot, and among the birds - lark, quail, gray partridge, lapwing, kite, eagles and falcons are less common.
There are noticeably more animals near bodies of water. In the reservoirs themselves there is a variety of fish - pike, perch, bream, crucian carp, tench, silver bream, carp, ide, roach, crucian carp, ruffe, gudgeon. Reserves most valuable fish- sterlet, bream, pike perch, unfortunately, began to decrease.
Along small rivers and forested channels of the Volga and Sura there are otter, mink, and the North American musk rat, the muskrat, which has acclimatized here. The Sura floodplain is home to the most ancient mammal found on the territory of Chuvashia - the Russian muskrat, which is listed in the Red Book.
Game animals in Chuvashia include elk, wild boar, beaver, fox, hare and squirrel. They also hunt birds.
In the process of economic activity, humans greatly change the natural flora and fauna. The expansion of arable land leads to the replacement of natural vegetation with agricultural crops. At the same time with vegetation cover The animal world is changing: species composition and the number of animals. Clear cutting of forests, plowing of meadows and land reclamation, construction of roads and industrial facilities changed environmental situation in Chuvashia. Certain species of animals and plants are under threat of complete extinction. All this forces us to take measures to preserve and restore resources organic world. Species of plants and animals listed in the Red Book require special attention and protection. Not only individual species, but also entire communities of plants and animals are protected in special places. The republic has the Prisursky Nature Reserve, national park"Chgvash vgrmane", natural Park"Zavolzhye", 6 state natural reserves, 7 state hunting reserves, there are more than 100 natural monuments. Very strong impact person per natural complexes required the organization of specially protected areas. Currently, 91
Conclusion on Chapter I
Having examined the first chapter of this work, we can draw the following conclusion.
Chuvash Republic located in the east of the East European Plain, mainly on the right bank of the Volga, between its tributaries Sviyaga and Sura. Geographically, the area is located between 54° 38" and 56° 20" northern latitude and 46° and 48° 27" East longitude.
The area of the republic is small - 18.3 thousand sq. km. The Republic shape is an oak leaf or guitar shape as it has the narrowest section in the middle. There are practically no clearly defined natural boundaries; only in the west of the republic is the border with Nizhny Novgorod region passes along the Sura River.
The capital of Chuvashia is Cheboksary is located at approximately the same latitude (56°08? N) as Vladimir, Moscow, Nizhny Novgorod, Kazan, Yoshkar-Ola. On its meridian (47°15?) c. located
The republic is located in the temperate zone continental climate, characterized by large temperature fluctuations between cold and warm months. But despite this, climatic conditions allow you to cultivate and obtain high yields of most temperate zone crops.
Not on the territory of the republic large deposits mineral. However, the subsoil of Chuvashia is rich in raw materials for production building materials. Reserves of sedimentary chalk deposits have highest value for the economic complex of the republic.
Profitable economics - geographical position provides the republic with reliable development of close ties with the economic and cultural centers of Russia - Moscow, Nizhny Novgorod, Ulyanovsk, Kazan, no more than 700 km away.
“One person leaves a trail, a hundred a path, a thousand a desert.” folk wisdom In 1948 it was formed International Union nature conservation and natural resources– Survival Service Commission. In 1963, the register of rare and endangered animals was first identified. Peter Scott, who heads the special public commission By rare species recommended calling the book Red - an alarm signal. The Red Book of the Chuvash Republic consists of 2 volumes: 1 – plants and animals, 2 – unique natural objects and natural heritage peoples of the Chuvash Republic.
There are currently 99 specially protected natural areas in the Chuvash Republic. There are 3 specially protected centers in the republic. natural areas federal significance: State nature reserve"Prisurskiy". National Park "Chavash Varmane" Natural Park "Zavolzhye". Specially protected areas of the Czech Republic
Muskrat Body length up to 22 cm, tail up to 20 cm, weight c. Leads a semi-aquatic life. It feeds on insects, leeches, mollusks, and occasionally fish. Fur is very valuable. In Chuvashia he lives within the Alatyr, Poretsky and Shumerlinsky districts. Endangered species
Zavolzhye Nature Reserve On the territory natural park There are 1358 species of animals. Of these, there are 55 species of animals, including rare ones: brown bear, wild boar, lynx, ermine, European mink, marten, forest dormouse, chipmunk, flying squirrel. The reservoirs of the park, many of which are declared natural monuments, are home to about 40 species of fish, and some of them, such as grayling, carp, brook trout, need protection. The species composition of the plant world of the Trans-Volga region is rich and diverse.
Small egg capsule High larkspur In the Chuvash Republic it is rarely found in the floodplains of the Tsivil, Anish, and Vyla rivers. In the Chuvash Republic, it was noted during a survey of lakes and other reservoirs in the Krasnochetaisky region. Small-fruited cranberry Occasionally found in Chuvashia in the Volga region
Lily saranka In the Chuvash Republic it was observed in the Kozlovsky, Yalchiksky and Shemurshinsky regions. Protected in the reserve and national park"Chavash varmane." Lady's slipper In the Chuvash Republic it is found in the Poretsky, Alatyrsky, Cheboksary and Marposadsky regions. Protected on lakes Bolshoye and Maloye Swan (Zavolzhye Park) White water lily
Pure white water lily In the Chuvash Republic it grows in lakes of the Sura and Volga rivers, in the Cheboksary reservoir, Trans-Volga region. European swimsuit is protected in the Alatyr section of the Prisursky nature reserve, the Chavash Varmane national park, and the Zavolzhye park.
State nature reserve "Shomikovskaya colony of gray herons". Large bird, weighs 1.5 kg. Wide above the eye black line, on the head there is a small crest of black feathers, three rows of longitudinal black spots stretch along the ventral side of the neck from the throat to the crop. Legs greenish-yellow. Nest on tall trees. The only colony of herons is located near the village of Shomikovo, Morgaushsky district.
Rules of behavior in nature 10 “DO NOT” Do not pollute nature Do not destroy nature Do not take excess from nature Do not destroy anthills Do not cut down living trees and bushes Do not make fires under the trees Do not leave cans and plastic Do not pick flowers Do not destroy birds’ nests Do not take home baby animals
Did you know? -the most longer duration life from herbaceous plants– up to 300 years – has lingonberries; -the most “universal” medicinal plants is St. John's wort; -the lowest calorie vegetable is cucumber; -the largest weed is giant hogweed (height 3.65 m, leaf length up to 91 cm). -the smallest flowering plant– duckweed;
*** Flowers disappear on the ground. This is becoming more noticeable every year. Less joy and beauty Leaves us every summer. We hardly understood the revelation of the meadow flowers. We carelessly trampled them and soullessly, mercilessly tore them. The mad “stop” was silent within us. It seemed to us that everything was not enough, everything was not enough, And then in the crowd of the city We dragged armfuls of arms around tiredly. And they didn’t see how the cornflower looked doomedly from under their feet, silently, barely breathing, and the carnations looked hopelessly.
- Remember what the concept means natural areas. What reasons influence the distribution of natural areas?
- Determine from the map which natural areas The Chuvash Republic is located. Name the type of vegetation and typical animals corresponding to each of these zones.
- How do flora and fauna influence nature and human life?
Plants and animals are the most important components of nature. They define general form territory, its appearance, influence other components and play a large role in human life. Plants and animals do not exist on earth in isolation, but in the form of regular combinations natural ingredients, characteristic of a certain geographical area. The composition of plants and animals is determined by the ratio of heat and moisture at different periods of the year. Therefore, we see a significant diversity of plant and animal communities on the territory of our republic.
Before the settlement of the territory, our region was almost completely covered, only in the southeastern and southwestern parts of the republic there were steppe areas. Subsequently, the main forests were cut down, and currently many areas in the Ibresinsky, Poretsky, and Shumerlinsky districts are covered with secondary birch and aspen forests. Development in Chuvashia forest areas Satisfactory climatic, soil and hydrogeological conditions contribute. Therefore, forests here are more widespread than on the monotonous plains.
Currently, forests remain in less than one third of the republic and are unevenly distributed. In some areas (Sumerlinsky, Ibresinsky, Alatyrsky) forests occupy more than 50% of the territory, and in Yalchiksky, Alikovsky, Urmarsky and Tsivilsky districts - only 4-9%. The forests of the republic are presented coniferous And deciduous tree species.
Coniferous forests occupy 32.1% of total area forests of the republic. They come in pine and spruce.
They are located in the Volga region, the Sur region and in the southern part of the republic. In these forests, in addition to pine, there are birch and aspen; rose hips, viburnum and other shrubs, including many berries, grow in the undergrowth. The grass cover is varied; in some places there are lingonberries, blueberries, and sorrel. Ferns, mosses and lichens grow. Siberian larch and cedar are also cultivated among coniferous species in Chuvashia.
Spruce forests with an admixture of linden and birch grow in the Vurnarsky, Ibresinsky districts, in the northeastern part of the Poretsky district and in the Volga region. Spruce is a shade-tolerant species and forms a natural community with green mosses.
Broad-leaved species are represented by linden, maple, elm, ash and other trees. Oak forests are located in separate isolated islands along the right bank of the Volga. The largest massifs are located in the Mariinsky Posad, Cheboksary, Yadrinsky, Krasnochetaisky and Shumerlinsky districts. Modern oak forests of Chuvashia are represented by middle-aged (60.9%) and young (28.3%) plantings. Oak has a very durable wood with beautiful design in the section. Since the settlement of the territory, it has been cut down for various economic needs. Therefore, the remaining oak forests of Chuvashia belong to the category of especially valuable forests. In oak groves, linden, maple, and elm grow as admixtures. Less common are ash, wild apple, and rowan. And in damp places black alder grows. The shrubs in them are represented by hazel, euonymus, and viburnum. In Prisurye in oak forests Larch, cedar and even Amur velvet have been cultivated. Larch and cedar are cultivated in the Yantikovsky, Mariinsko-Posad, and Cheboksary districts.
Behind last decades There is widespread drying of oak tree tops. The reason for this phenomenon is not fully understood, the most likely is air pollution. After felling and forest fires the forest is regenerating for the most part birch and aspen, less often - linden and pine.
In almost the entire northern and central right bank of the republic, forests have been cleared and the lands have been converted to agricultural land. Forest cover here ranges from 4 to 14%. Oak groves and linden forests (in the south of the Volga region) are preserved only in isolated isolated areas. Therefore, this area can be characterized as oak forest-steppe. Forests need special protection, reconstruction and restoration. Mostly pine and oak are planted. In addition, protective forest plantings occupy a significant place in the republic, the area of which in Chuvashia is more than 6,000 hectares. On average in the republic, the annual growth of wood is 3.4 m3 per 1 hectare of forest. The total increase is about 2 million m3.
Plays a huge role in a person’s life. The most important species used for construction, chemical processing and other economic needs are conifers, as well as oak and willow. More than 100 thousand tons of oak wood are spent annually on chemical processing alone, up to 2.5 thousand tons of willow bark, etc. Up to 2 thousand tons of resin are mined in coniferous forests. A lot of linden trees are cut down to make handicrafts. In Chuvashia, more than 1000 m3 of moss is selected annually, which is used in construction as an insulating material.
In the medical, confectionery and alcoholic beverage industries, lingonberries, cranberries, rowan berries, currants, caraway seeds, rose hips, Birch buds, lily of the valley, coltsfoot, plantain, chamomile, yarrow, horsetail and many other plants. Procurement organizations of Chuvashia are collecting edible mushrooms: white, milk mushrooms, honey mushrooms, boletus and others. From oilseeds Residents of the republic collect nuts.
In the southeastern part of Chuvashia and in Zasurye, steppe vegetation has been preserved. This mainly includes the territories of Komsomolsky, Yalchik, Batyrevsky and Alatyr districts. Under the meadows, chernozem soils formed, which were plowed earlier than others. Before being converted into agricultural lands, steppe cereals and herbs grew here. The abundant vegetation experienced a change of species during the summer from early spring before late autumn. Typical representatives of steppe vegetation are fescue, sage, bluegrass, and feather grass.
Meadow vegetation covers the unplowed floodplains of small rivers in Chuvashia. Floodplain meadows are used as hayfields and pastures. More than 1000 species of plants grow in the meadows, mainly included in the cereal, legume, and sedge plant groups.
Minor areas of the republic (0.5% of the entire territory) are occupied by marsh and aquatic vegetation. Coastal zone Most lakes are occupied by sedge, horsetail, arrowhead, chastuha, and foxtail. Next grow cattails, reeds, and reeds. There are few purely aquatic plants; the most famous are yellow water lily and white water lily. In the Sura Valley there is a very rare water chestnut (chilim), listed in the Red Book.
- Analyze the vegetation map of the Chuvash Republic, identify the most forested areas and areas where there are no forests.
- Describe the vegetation around your area.
- Determine from Fig. 18 habitats of oak forests. In which administrative regions of the republic are they observed? largest areas oak forest?
In accordance with the soil and plant conditions, the fauna of Chuvashia was formed. The republic's position at the junction of different plant zones and the heterogeneity of the relief determine the diversity of animals. Its territory is home to over 60 species of mammals, 44 species of fish, 16 species of amphibians and reptiles. Here you can find more than 260 species of birds and various invertebrates.
In general, the republic is characterized by a mixture of animals of the southern taiga and typical steppe forms. Human activity has had a significant impact on the fauna. Some animals spread to the republics as a result of artificial resettlement. At the same time, some species of fauna have been destroyed by humans. For example, in the cultural layer of the X-XIV centuries. Reindeer bones were discovered. Back in 1917, they were available in the neighboring Nizhny Novgorod region.
Most representatives of the animal world of Chuvashia live in deciduous forests. There they find reliable shelters and are provided with stable food. The largest ungulate animal in deciduous forests is the elk, whose weight reaches 400 kg. In recent years, due to the ban on shooting, the moose population has increased significantly. Their number exceeds 1000 heads. In the republic they live mainly in the forests near Sur. There is also a noticeable increase in the number of wild boars. The forests are inhabited by a mole, a hedgehog, a fox, a shrew, a bat, a badger, a raccoon dog, a lynx, a marten, an ermine, a weasel, a squirrel, a mountain hare, a mouse, and a chipmunk. Deciduous forests are especially rich in birds. They include grouse, hazel grouse, wood grouse, woodcock, jay, magpie, cuckoo, swift, woodpecker, warbler, warbler, thrush, owl, and sparrowhawk.
IN coniferous forests the animal world is poorer. They are inhabited by squirrel, mountain hare, chipmunk, mink, otter, marten and lynx. There are few birds in coniferous forests. The most common species are bullfinch, woodpecker, jay, chaffinch, crossbill, owl, eagle owl, owl, black grouse, wood grouse, black stork, which is included in the Red Book. On clear sunny days, lizards and snakes can be found on the trunks of fallen trees and stumps. Mostly there are also copperheads. The only poisonous snake is the viper.
On steppe areas The animal world is noticeably poorer. There are foxes, brown hare, light polecats, and hamsters. The southern regions of the republic are inhabited by the speckled ground squirrel, jerboa, marmot, and among the birds - lark, quail, gray partridge, lapwing, kite, eagles and falcons are less common.
There are noticeably more animals near bodies of water. In the reservoirs themselves there is a variety of fish - pike, perch, bream, crucian carp, tench, silver bream, carp, ide, roach, crucian carp, ruffe, etc. The stocks of the most valuable fish - sterlet, bream, pike perch, unfortunately, began to decrease.
Along small rivers and forested channels of the Volga and Sura there are otter, mink, and the North American musk rat, the muskrat, which has acclimatized here. The Sura floodplain is home to the most ancient mammal found on the territory of Chuvashia - the Russian muskrat, which is listed in the Red Book.
Game animals in Chuvashia include elk, wild boar, beaver, fox, hare and squirrel. They also hunt birds.
In the process of economic activity, humans greatly change the natural flora and fauna. The expansion of arable land leads to the replacement of natural vegetation with agricultural crops. Simultaneously with the vegetation cover, the animal world changes: the species composition and number of animals. Clear deforestation, plowing of meadows and land reclamation, construction of roads and industrial facilities have changed the environmental situation in Chuvashia. Certain species of animals and plants are under threat of complete extinction. All this forces us to take measures to conservation and restoration of resources of the organic world. Species of plants and animals listed in the Red Book require special attention and protection. Not only individual species, but also entire communities of plants and animals are protected in special places. The republic has the Prisursky Nature Reserve, the Chăvash Vărmanĕ National Park, the Zavolzhye Nature Park, 6 state nature reserves, 7 state hunting reserves, and there are more than 100 natural monuments.
- Show on the map southern border taiga, characterize its flora and fauna.
- Does it appear in Chuvashia latitudinal zonation vegetation? Explain where and why it is violated?
- Compare animal and vegetable world deciduous forests and the steppes of Chuvashia.
- What is the importance of forests for the economy of Chuvashia?
- Name the hunting and fishing resources of Chuvashia.
- * What impact has human activity had on the flora and fauna of Chuvashia? Give examples specific to your area.
- * Explain why to preserve endangered species of animals and plants it is necessary to protect protected areas nature in general.
In 1798, forests in Chuvashia occupied 49% of the total land area, in 1998 this figure was 31.2%.
Pine is the most common species in Chuvashia. It is light-loving and grows mainly on sand, but is also found in wetlands. Currently, pine trees are being planted in cleared areas and unforested areas.
In the past, oak was used to build ships. A tree aged 400 years was suitable for this. Therefore, by decree of Peter I, protected oak groves were designated in the Volga forests; later they were called ship groves.
In total, there are about 570 thousand hectares of forest in the republic. Young growth occupies more than 45% of the total area, a quarter of the area - middle-aged trees, mature and ripening trees - about 23%. Only 8% of the area is made up of overmature trees.
The low-value gudgeon, common in our rivers, is interesting because it is very sensitive to water pollution. It is considered an indicator of water pollution. If there is a gudgeon in the river, it is completely clean.
Chuvashia is a beautiful corner of the Volga region, a republic consisting of Russian Federation, which harmoniously combines elements of antiquity and modernity. The territory of beautiful lakes and rivers, steppes and forests with rich nature, favorable climate, diverse wildlife. Pristine nature, a large number of medical sanatoriums and resorts - create excellent conditions for life and recreation. Almost all types of tourism exist and develop in the country. active rest. Tourists are attracted by the beauty of these places, excellent hunting and fishing, walks along the Volga, and historical monuments.
Flora of Chuvashia
The vegetation of Chuvashia is rich and diverse. It is characterized by alternating forests and steppe terrain. Had a great impact on the nature of the region economic activity person. Forests, which in the recent past almost completely covered the territory of the republic, were constantly being cut down. Currently, the area covered with forests is slightly more than 30% of the entire territory of the republic.
Pine and spruce forests located in small groups in southern regions republics and in the Volga region. In the past, coniferous trees were used in shipbuilding. Oak groves can be found on the right bank of the Volga.
IN mixed forests There are oaks, birches, lindens and cedar, and shrubs include rose hips and viburnum. There are many berries in the forests, the most common being lingonberries, blueberries, and sorrel. There are many edible mushrooms in the forests of Chuvashia, which are collected by procurement organizations.
In the southeastern part of the republic, steppe vegetation predominates. She is presented big amount herbs, the most common being feather grass, sage, bluegrass and fescue. Meadow vegetation contributed to the formation of chernozem soils, which were later plowed to grow crops. A wild plants were destroyed.
Marsh and aquatic vegetation grows on the banks of lakes and rivers. In percentage terms, it occupies an insignificant territory of the republic; the most common species are reeds, cattails, horsetails, arrowheads, foxtails, and sedges.
Among aquatic plants, we can distinguish white water lily and yellow water lily. Here you can find the endangered rare plant- water chestnut, it is listed in the Red Book.
Fauna of Chuvashia
Mixing natural features southern taiga and steppes had big influence on the formation of the animal world of the republic. Some animal species appeared in the republic through artificial resettlement. Others, on the contrary, were destroyed as a result of human industrial activity.
Deciduous forests contain a wide variety of birds, reptiles, amphibians and wildlife. There are all conditions for their comfortable living and reproduction - stable food and reliable shelters. In recent years, the number of moose and wild boars has gradually increased, which is facilitated by the imposition of a ban on their shooting. Mixed forests are inhabited by martens, squirrels, foxes, hares, raccoon dogs and stoats.
Birds are numerous inhabitants of forests. In the forest you can find a magpie, cuckoo, jay, swift, owl, and hawk. In the deciduous forests of Chuvashia, hunting for upland game - black grouse, hazel grouse, woodcock and wood grouse - is popular.
Beavers, muskrats and otters live in the lower reaches of rivers and lakes. Of particular value is the Russian muskrat - the most ancient mammal of Chuvashia. Waterbirds are represented by a rich species diversity - shore swallows, gulls, terns, ducks, waders, herons.
More than 50 species of fish are found in numerous rivers and lakes of Chuvashia. The most common species are bream, pike, crucian carp, tench, and podust. Their number depends on the purity and chemical composition water. Valuable commercial fish species also live - sterlet, pike perch, bream, but their stocks, unfortunately, are gradually decreasing.
In steppe areas, animals are represented by poorer species diversity. The most commonly encountered animals include the gopher, jerboa and marmot. Birds include kite, lapwing, partridge, quail and lark.
Caring for animals and preserving them species diversity- the main task of man.
Climate in Chuvashia
Chuvashia is located in the European part of Russia, which is characterized by a continental climate. Its features are moderate humidity, clearly defined seasonality and low cloudiness. Winter here is quite cold and snowy. The soil freezes to a depth of 80-100 cm, average humidity winter months 80%.
Summer is quite warm and long. At this time of year it falls greatest number precipitation, humidity summer months ranges from 40 to 60%.
For spring and autumn months Characterized by significant temperature changes throughout the day. At this time of year, there is little precipitation, and partly cloudy and sunny weather prevails.
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