The Strategic Missile Forces were transformed from a type of troops into a type of troops in accordance with the decree of the President of the Russian Federation of March 24, 2001. The commander of the Strategic Missile Forces, Lieutenant General Sergei Viktorovich Karakaev, was appointed to this position by decree of the President of the Russian Federation of June 22, 2010.
The Strategic Missile Forces are the ground component of Russia's strategic nuclear forces and are classified as permanent combat readiness forces. The Strategic Missile Forces are designed for nuclear deterrence of possible aggression and defeat as part of strategic nuclear forces or independently massive, group or single nuclear missile strikes of strategic objects located in one or several strategic directions and forming the basis of the enemy's military and military-economic potentials.
The Strategic Missile Forces are armed with all Russian mobile and silo-based land-based ICBMs with nuclear warheads. As of December 2010, the Strategic Missile Forces were armed with 375 missile systems four different types who were able to carry 1259 nuclear warheads:
The Strategic Missile Forces includes three missile armies:
- 27th Guards Missile Army (headquarters is located in Vladimir);
- 31st missile army (Orenburg);
- 33rd Guards Missile Army (Omsk).
The former 53rd Missile Army (Chita) was disbanded at the end of 2002. It is also planned that the 31st Missile Army (Orenburg) will be disbanded within the next few years.
As of the end of 2010, the missile armies of the Strategic Missile Forces are 11 missile divisions which are armed with combat missile systems.
Missile systems
Currently, the Strategic Missile Forces are armed with six types of fourth and fifth generation missile systems. Of these, four are mine-based ICBMs RS-18, RS-20V, RS-12M2 and two are mobile ground-based ICBMs RS-12M, RS-12M2. Mine-based missile systems by the number of launchers make up 45% of the strike group of the Strategic Missile Forces, and by the number of warheads - almost 85% of its nuclear potential.
The development of the R-36MUTTH Voyevoda missiles (also known as the RS-20B and SS-18 Satan) and the R-36M2 (RS-20V, SS-18) was carried out by the Yuzhnoye Design Bureau (Dnepropetrovsk, Ukraine). The R-36MUTTH missiles were deployed in 1979-1983, the R-36M2 missiles - in 1988-1992.
Missiles R-36MUTTH and R-36M2 "Voyevoda" two-stage liquid, can carry 10 warheads (there is also a monoblock version of the rocket). The missiles were produced by the Yuzhny Machine-Building Plant (Dnepropetrovsk, Ukraine). The plans for the development of the Strategic Missile Forces provide for the preservation of all R-36M2 missiles on alert. Subject to the planned extension of the service life to 25-30 years, they will be able to remain on alert until about 2016-2020.
Rockets UR-100NUTTH (SS-19) were developed by NPO Mashinostroeniya (Reutov, Moscow Region). The missiles were deployed in 1979-1984. The UR-100NUTTH missile is a two-stage liquid-propellant missile, carrying 6 warheads. The production of missiles was carried out by the plant. M.V. Khrunicheva (Moscow). To date, some of the UR-100NUTTH missiles have been removed from service. At the same time, based on the results of test launches, the missile's service life is most likely extended to more than 30 years, which means that these missiles can be preserved for several more years.
Topol (SS-25) ground-based missile systems were developed at the Moscow Institute of Heat Engineering. The missiles were deployed in 1985-1992. The Topol missile is a three-stage solid-propellant missile that carries one warhead. The production of missiles was carried out by the Votkinsk Machine-Building Plant. To date, the process of decommissioning the Topol complexes has begun in connection with the expiration of the missile service life.
Rocket complex "Topol-M" (SS-27) and its modification RS-24 "Yars" developed at the Moscow Institute of Heat Engineering. It was created in the mine-based version and in the mobile-ground version. The deployment of the mine version of the complex began in 1997.
Tests of the mobile version of the Topol-M complex were completed in December 2004. The first mobile systems entered the troops in December 2006. The Topol-M missile is a three-stage solid-propellant rocket, originally created in a monoblock version. In 2007, tests were carried out of a version of the missile equipped with a MIRV, which received the designation RS-24 "Yars". The deployment of complexes in a mobile version was started in 2010.
/Based on materials russianforces.org /
The Rocket Forces in Russia are almost the youngest branch of the state, which was created in the middle of the last century. But during this time they have become a real shield of our Motherland from the encroachment of the enemy, as well as a sword that is still in its scabbard, but at any moment can be taken in hand to protect the people of Russia and the territorial integrity of the state.
Rocket Forces of Russia: the shield and sword of our Motherland
It is difficult to overestimate the role of this type of troops. The missile forces are a component of the country's nuclear forces and a separate branch of the military. The accumulation of nuclear potential at the time of the USSR could lead to a third world war, in which mankind would have perished. But it should be noted that the presence of powerful weapons, including mobile systems, has become a deterrent to aggression, preventing a potential enemy from striking our country, including a nuclear one.
On the rocket troops today the following tasks are assigned:
- Launching, independently or as part of nuclear forces, a massive, group or single strike using missile nuclear weapons on strategic targets, which are the basis of the enemy's military and military-economic potential, in several or one strategic direction.
- Nuclear deterrence.
Today, silo-based and mobile-based ICBMs with nuclear warheads are the main armament of Russian missile forces.
History of Russian missile forces
Even during World War II, the United States began to develop a secret nuclear program, which was a response to the received intelligence data, which clearly indicated that Germany was rapidly moving towards weapons of creation of weapons. mass destruction based on the principle thermonuclear reaction... Many German academic researchers in this area, who disagreed with the regime of Adolf Hitler, immigrated to the United States, bringing their knowledge to the development of the Manhattan Project.
* Project "Manhattan" - secret project The United States Armed Forces to create nuclear weapons, which was launched in September 1943.
After Hitlerite Germany and its satellites were defeated, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics became enemy No. 1 for "democratic values". In the United States, starting in 1945, plans were made for an attack on the "Red Empire" with the use of nuclear weapons. In total, it was planned to drop more than 300 atomic bombs on the country's cities, which were supposed to destroy most of the industry, demoralize the Soviet troops and population, and completely decapitate the country and the army. Civilian deaths were not counted.
But thanks to Soviet scientists, as well as powerful Soviet intelligence by 1949, the first tests were carried out atomic bomb... This seriously undermined the plans of the Americans to defeat the main enemy in 30 days, without serious retaliation on his part. Therefore, instead of capturing the USSR, the former allies began to prepare already to repel the Soviet Union's nuclear attack on the United States. Since 1945, the Pentagon has annually developed plans for the conduct of war with the active use of atomic bombings... And after successful tests of similar weapons in the USSR (the Americans predicted their creation only by the end of the 1950s), the last date for the most advantageous strike on the territory of the Soviets was 1954, until the enemy had time to build up the required nuclear potential. But President Eisenhower, only person possessing the right to press the button, did not do this, having reasoned correctly that "there are not so many bulldozers in the United States to remove all the corpses from the streets as a result of the war." True, he did not abandon plans to build up its nuclear potential.
Management Soviet Union was not going to stand aside while the potential enemy builds up its offensive weapons, which could be directed against the Soviet people at any moment when political and diplomatic dialogues cease to be effective.
And in 1945, the first missile unit was created, stationed in Western Europe 72nd Engineering Brigade special purpose... At that time, the secret units were armed with ballistic missiles with conventional warheads. Soon, the unit was transferred to the Kaliningrad region. By 1950, another secret section had been created. By the late 1950s missile parts nuclear weapons appeared, and in 1959 the first intercontinental ballistic missile(training) was released near Plesetsk. December 17, 1959 is considered the birth date of the Rocket Forces, when the Rocket Forces were allocated to separate species... The command was entrusted to General Nedelin M.I. applied to the development of new troops
Following the 1962 Caribbean Crisis between the USSR and the United States, growth from the strategic offensive arms race was limited. In 1987, international treaties of the USSR were signed, according to which the countries participating in the treaty were to gradually reduce not only strategic missiles, but also short-range and medium-range targets.
The international obligations assumed by Russia after the signing of START I in 1991 and START II in 1993 (the treaty with the United States of America on the reduction of strategic offensive arms) led to the fact that the nuclear arsenal of our state has significantly decreased. Including the most important strike weapons of the missile forces - missiles, the warheads of which could be separated, were removed from service, and later eliminated.
In 1995, in accordance with the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation, the day of the Rocket Forces and Artillery was established to be celebrated on November 19, The number was chosen in honor of the anniversary of the victory Soviet troops near Stalingrad, where artillery played a significant role in the overall outcome of the battle. In 2001 Space Forces were withdrawn from the Strategic Missile Forces, becoming the youngest troops in the Russian Armed Forces.
The structure of the Strategic Missile Forces (Strategic Missile Forces)
The troops, which are the land component of the nuclear forces, still have an army-divisional structure. In other branches of the armed forces, such a structure has already been partially or completely abolished. On the this moment Strategic missile forces include 3 missile armies: 31st and 27th Guards, 31st, which is planned to be disbanded in the plans of the Ministry of Defense. Organizationally, 3 armies include 12 missile divisions, including 5 guards divisions.
Strategic Missile Forces leadership
The first commander of the Missile Forces was Marshal of Artillery M.I. from 1955 to 1960, up to its tragic death at the Baikonur cosmodrome. From Russian generals Sergeev I.D., who commanded the Strategic Missile Forces from 1992 to 1997, was promoted to the rank of army general and later became the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation, achieved the greatest career heights. Since 2010, Colonel-General S.V. Karakaev has been appointed the country's chief missile engineer.
The composition and strength of the Strategic Missile Forces
The Rocket Forces of the Russian Federation includes the command, with a station in Vlasikha, 3 missile armies, 12 missile divisions. Also, the strategic missile forces include the Kapustin Yar State Range, Test site on the territory of Kazakhstan, a separate scientific testing station in Kamchatka, Military academy named after Peter the Great in Moscow, Research Institute and the Serpukhov Military Institute of Missile Forces. In addition, repair plants and arsenals, a storage base for weapons and equipment are an integral part of the Missile Forces. Today the number of troops is 120 thousand people, a third of which are civilians.
Development prospects
Video presentation Strategic Missile Forces of Russia:
If we take into account weapons, then more than 70% of ICBMs have simply exhausted their service life. In addition, most of the mobile missile systems based on railway trains, which received the NATO Stiletto classification, have been dismantled. It is also worth noting that Russia cannot partially cover the Atlantic and Pacific oceans.
At the same time in Krasnodar Territory, Kaliningrad and Leningrad regions the newest missile attack warning stations were put into operation. 4 military satellites were launched into Earth's orbit, which became key element early warning systems "Oko".
As the latest data show, to date, the total number of missile systems and missiles with nuclear warheads is not decreasing. They are purposefully replaced by latest developments, including mobile complexes "Topol-M", "Yars".
The most modern technology that enters the Strategic Missile Forces requires qualified personnel. This task was assigned to the VVUZ and military registration and enlistment offices. For example, when recruiting low-level army personnel and junior command personnel, attention is paid to their education. Preference is given to those who graduated from higher education institutions with a technical bias.
Strategic Rocket Forces- one of the separate and represent the main ground component of the strategic nuclear forces of the Russian Federation.
They are subordinate to the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation and are obliged to always support combat readiness.
The missile forces are equipped with silo-based and mobile-based land-based ICBMs. They are often supplemented with nuclear warheads.
Strategic missile forces mission
At the beginning of its appearance, the role of nuclear weapons was assigned exclusively as an offensive weapon and gaining a military advantage. In today's reality, it is more of a political means of moving towards a goal, deterring aggressive opponents.
However, the deterrent factor has not only this global weaponry itself, but the presence of actual combat characteristics, characteristics and wide possibilities of use in any situation.
With universal reach, colossal destructive power and without incurring unaffordable maintenance costs, strategic nuclear forces provide effective deterrence at a lower cost. It applies to states with superior economic and quantitative resources and the level of equipping troops with the latest highly effective conventional weapons.
The Strategic Missile Forces, with their daily combat readiness, provide our country with the opportunity to conduct a long and economically difficult reform period Armed Forces and the entire military organization of the Russian Federation.
The purpose of their Strategic Missile Forces is nuclear deterrence of alleged attacks and retaliatory attack actions by their own or general forces of strategic purpose, with the implementation of a large-scale, group and single missile nuclear strike on enemy strategic targets that play a key role in the combat capability of the opposing side.
These objects can be located together or separately, at a significant distance.
In addition, the task is to implement nuclear deterrence. V modern times powerful nuclear shield and its complementary mobile systems seem to be a significant argument in nuclear deterrence and the preservation of international stability.
History of the Strategic Missile Forces
The first developments of the strategic missile weapons started back in the post-war Soviet Union. Nuclear weapons and initial samples of guided ballistic missiles were produced, missile formations were deployed to quickly solve problems in conflict situations and strategically important tasks of short-range combat use.
Communication machine MS-1 provides missile division"Topol" by all means of communication during combat duty
In the 1950s, the first missiles began to be launched in series, and the need for a centralized leadership arose for the missile forces. As a result, the formation of strategic missile forces took place.
Strategic Missile Forces Day
December 17, 1959 should be considered the day of the formation of the Strategic Missile Forces.
The process of the formation of the Strategic Missile Forces, the deployment, the establishment of combat missile duty, as applied to formations and units with intercontinental ballistic and medium-range missiles, designed to solve strategic tasks with a geographical spread throughout the world territory, developed.
As a type of troops, as a result of the transformation by the decree of the President of Russia, on March 24, 2001, they become a branch of the Armed Forces.
Commander of the Strategic Missile Forces
In 2010, Colonel-General Sergei Karakaev was appointed to the post of Commander of the Strategic Missile Forces, and he carries out his duties to the present.
The composition of the strategic missile forces
The structure of the strategic missile forces has not changed since the days of the Soviet army. In it, as before, there are armies (missile), which include missile divisions and missile regiments. For example, the 27th Guards Missile Vitebsk Red Banner Army from headquarters in Vladimir, which includes five missile divisions
The component units are headed by the main missile command of the troops. The location of the main landfill Kapustin Yar is the Astrakhan region.
The region where the tests are carried out is based in Kazakhstan - the Sary-Shagan test site, a separate scientific testing station is based on the Kamchatka Peninsula - the Kura test site.
The Strategic Missile Forces also have:
- 4th Central Research Institute,
- Military Academy of the Strategic Missile Forces named after Peter the Great,
- Serpukhov Military Institute of Missile Forces,
- repair plants and bases.
At the disposal of the Strategic Missile Forces, 7 airfields and 8 heliports have been allocated for operation. The composition of the Strategic Missile Forces has been replenished with engineering units, they are equipped with vehicles for engineering maintenance and camouflage, vehicles for remote mine clearance, track paving vehicles.
Armament of strategic missile forces
The R-36M2 (RS-20V, SS-18) missiles are two-stage liquid-propellant missiles, capable of carrying 10 warheads.
Their deployment took place in the late 80s, early 90s. Still kept on alert.
Missiles UR-100NUTTH (SS-19) - two-stage liquid-propellant, capable of carrying 6 warheads. Their deployment took place in the late 70s, in the early 80s. While they remain on alert.
The Topol (SS-25) ground-based missile systems are three-stage solid-propellant missile systems designed to carry a single warhead. The deployment of missiles took place from the mid-80s to the early 90s.
At the moment, they are being removed from service at the end of the operational period.
Rocket complex Topol-M (SS-27) with modification RS-24 Yars - three-stage solid-propellant missiles, originally had a monoblock version. The complex was created as a mine-based option and as a mobile-based soil option.
The deployment of the mobile version RS-24 complexes began in 2010.
Russian strategic missile system with solid-propellant intercontinental ballistic missile PC-24 "Yars"
Development of the Strategic Missile Forces
It should be noted that now our country does not have the opportunity to cover the entire territory of the Atlantic and Pacific oceans... This is not surprising, because intercontinental ballistic missiles for the most part have completed their operational period.
There was a need for improvements and new developments, but the reforms have not yet been completed. Certain states with their unions enjoy a tangible advantage in the forces with general purpose... The current situation in the economy in our country gives strategic nuclear forces the role of key military forces capable of compensating for potential military threats against us.
But it is not all that bad. New facilities are being put into operation to prevent missile attacks. In orbit, military satellites have been put into use, serving as the most important link in early warning systems.
Missile systems and nuclear missiles, according to the latest information, do not decrease in number. They are purposefully replaced by the latest developments, namely, mobile complexes Topol-M, Yars.
Strategic missile system RT-2PM2 "Topol-M"
All technical innovations adopted by the Strategic Missile Forces require qualified service. Educational institutions and military registration and enlistment offices are familiar with this need. For servicemen of the lower rank and junior command personnel, the requirements for appropriate education are presented, technical disciplines, in this case are more preferable.
On the 47th interspecific regional training center of the Strategic Missile Forces, designed to prepare junior professionals, we wrote earlier.
The subsequent development of the Strategic Missile Forces in the form of the main points presupposes: maintaining combat readiness for the relevant military groupings, an increase in the period of use of missile systems for the maximum period, acceleration of the deployment of the latest missile complex"Topol-M" with stationary and mobile basing, improvement of the systems of combat leadership of the army and weapons, the conquest of the scientific and technical advantage of key models of equipment of the Strategic Missile Forces.
Outcome
Now active steps are being taken of the latest missile rearmament, and it is predicted that by the year 20 new missile systems will already account for a little less than 100 percent. More military units will be provided new technology, intended for combat duty. Combat management systems are being improved strategic missile forces
The second half of the 20th century is marked as the "era of missiles". Today, with their help, astronauts are delivered into orbit, space satellites are launched, and distant planets are being studied. Another area wide application missile technology has become a military science. Since the invention of nuclear weapons, rockets are considered the most powerful tool war, capable of immediately destroying several cities and millions of people. Since the use of such weapons does not leave a winner, the world's largest players took advantage of this. Rocket technologies are used by them as effective remedy for nuclear deterrence. Russia is considered one of the countries with a powerful nuclear arsenal... Its triad is strategic.
Today, several divisions of the Strategic Missile Forces are deployed in Russia, one of which is based in the city of Novosibirsk. Information about her combat strength and weapons are presented in the article.
Acquaintance
The Strategic Missile Forces is one of the branches of the Armed Forces. Formed in 1959 by order The Supreme Council THE USSR. Today the Strategic Missile Forces is a separate branch of the Russian Armed Forces and the main component of its strategic nuclear forces. Reports directly to the General Staff of the Armed Forces. In 1960 the composition of this kind troops was represented by ten missile divisions. Their bases were the western parts of the Soviet Union and Far East... To date, the Strategic Missile Forces army consists of 13 missile divisions.
1st Artillery Reserve Unit
According to historians, one of the very first formations that received service during the Great Patriotic War "Katyusha" and participated in Stalingrad battle, became the 39th Guards Missile Division. It was created in 1942 as the 1st Guards Artillery Reserve Division. In 1960, the compound was reorganized into the 39th Missile Division of the Order of Lenin, Kutuzov and Bogdan Khmelnitsky. The compound received the 33rd Missile Army.
About the location of the unit
The place for the deployment of the military unit was the village of Kalininka in Novosibirsk region... Since the Strategic Missile Forces were armed with solid fuel and environmentally friendly dangerous missiles second generation, then, according to experts, the great distance from the city became ideal place for the deployment of this unit (military unit 34148).
In 2008 was produced military reform... The unit was stationed in the village of Pashino. The locality located near the city of Novosibirsk. 5 thousand people are on duty. The command is carried out by Major General P.N. Burkov.
About the combat composition
The structure of the Strategic Missile Forces military unit (Novosibirsk) is represented by the following sectors:
- Site 6, which is a technical base for military unit 96777, a helicopter squadron (military unit 40260) and military units 40260-B and L.
- Site 10 (303rd communications center (military unit 34148-C), 1756th separate engineer battalion, (military unit 34485), military unit 34148-G and B).
- 12th site (357th missile regiment, military unit 54097).
- 13th and 21st sites. The distance between them is no more than a thousand meters. They are used for the deployment of the 428th Guards (military unit 73727) and 382nd (military unit 44238) missile regiments.
- 22nd site. Is the 1319th mobile command post(military unit 34148).
Site 10 is used as the headquarters of the Strategic Missile Forces (Novosibirsk). 34148 is a training military unit. Recruits are on it before taking the oath. The 13th and 21st are distant, since their distance from the headquarters is 40 thousand meters. Military unit 34148 has the shape of a square with an area of 120x120 km.
About the purpose
The Strategic Missile Forces located in Novosibirsk, like other missile divisions, is in a state of constant combat readiness and primarily performs a protective function. In addition, troops can inflict massive, group or single nuclear missile strikes in one or several directions at once along strategically important objects that make up the military and military-economic potential of the enemy. The armament of the Strategic Missile Forces (Novosibirsk) is represented by Russian ground-based intercontinental ballistic missiles. For them, both mobile and mine basing can be provided, and the obligatory presence nuclear warheads.
About PU "Pioneer"
In 1973, design work began on the creation of a solid-propellant complex with a rocket. medium range... In 1976, the launcher was ready. In the documentation, it is listed as PU RSD-10 "Pioneer".
In 1985, in Novosibirsk, the Strategic Missile Forces were equipped with 45 launchers. The complex was operated until 1991. According to the terms of the treaty on the elimination of medium and short range signed in 1986 by Soviet and American representatives, part of the Pioneers was destroyed in the Chita region.
"Poplar"
In 1975, employees of the Moscow Institute of Thermal Engineering carried out work on the creation of a ground-based strategic missile system RT-2PM "Topol". The missile was tested in 1982. The complex was fully operational in 1987. In December 1988, it was adopted by the Soviet Strategic Missile Forces. Total complexes at that time did not exceed 72 units. By 1993, the number of "Topol" was increased to 369. According to military experts, the number of RT-2PM accounts for almost 50% of all Russia's strategic nuclear weapons. The Strategic Missile Forces in Novosibirsk is considered one of the first missile divisions to receive this complex. In 1995, their number in the 39-missile division was 45 units. On the territory of military unit 34148, the distance between the deployed complexes varied within 20-50 thousand meters. Launcher The Topol could be mounted on the MAZ-7912 seven-axle chassis. This had a positive effect on the possibility of rapid mass deployment of the complexes, which ensured the survivability of the Russian Strategic Missile Forces during a nuclear attack by the enemy.
If in Soviet time the main emphasis was placed on powerful protection against silo-based complexes, dispersed on large area, then in the 90s mobile installations provided security. Unlike silo-based missile systems, the enemy could not take aim at the deployment sites of mobiles. Military experts assumed that if the enemy carried out a surprise nuclear strike, then due to the presence of mobile Topols, Russia would be able to retain 60% of its nuclear potential and strike back.
RS-24 "Yars"
After the signing of the Soviet-American treaty, Topol was modernized. The work was carried out by employees of the Moscow Institute of Heat Engineering. The leadership was headed by Academician Yu. S. Solomonov. As a result, in 2009, the strike group of the strategic missile forces of Russia was replenished with a new complex, which is listed as the RS-24 "Yars".
For it, a solid-propellant intercontinental ballistic missile with a mobile and silo base is provided. In 2012, the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation decided to re-equip missile formations in Novosibirsk and Kozelsk on the mine-based RS-24. Work continued throughout 2013.
On the combat capabilities of the RS-24
In October 2013, 8 Yars were delivered to Novosibirsk. The RS-24, according to military experts, is today the most modern missile system. The transition to Yars is gradually taking place in many divisions of the Strategic Missile Forces of Russia. The missile launched from the RS-24 is capable of covering 11 thousand km and bypassing any means in the world. During the detonation of one rocket, 4 explosions occur. To date most of information about tactical and technical characteristics RS-24 is classified. It is known that main feature"Yarsov" is highly mobile. The missile is equipped with a multiple warhead. The warhead itself is equipped with four nuclear warheads with a capacity of 300 kilotons. In 2013, the media reported on the arrival of 8 mobile missile systems in Novosibirsk. Prior to this event, 200 contract officers underwent a retraining course at a special training center in Arkhangelsk.
About the stages of training
The retraining begins with mastering the theory of the structure of the missile complex. On the this stage training takes place on the basis of a military unit. Then the servicemen are sent to a special The educational center, the base of which was the Plesetsk cosmodrome. According to the press service of the information of the Ministry of Defense, retraining in the missile regiments is nearing completion. The third stage is considered practical. It is provided for servicemen who have received permission to carry out combat duty and to control a missile launcher.
On alert duty
Three people are on duty: a driver, an operator and a commander. Their task is to bring the rocket launcher to full combat readiness and deliver it to the previously designated square. The second stage is the delivery of a nuclear strike with warheads already aimed at the target. To do this, just click on a special button. Insofar as rocket launcher is a large-sized technique, during its advance into the square, the military has to block the highways, which causes discontent among the local civilian population.
Finally
As experts of the missile formation assure, the presence of nuclear warheads does not threaten the Siberians at all. Detonation of "Yars" is minimized. Locals understand that the RS-24 was created for their safety, and have become accustomed to spending their days next to nuclear weapons.
This is the name of the special department of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. It is also the land-based component of the country's nuclear weapons. Such is the complete decoding of the Strategic Missile Forces.
Tasks
There are several tasks for the Strategic Missile Forces. First, their responsibility is to contain a potential threat through the use of nuclear weapons. able to work together with other strategic nuclear forces, and independently. They can also engage in the destruction of bases and other components of the enemy's military forces. Further in the article, we will find out what the Strategic Missile Forces of Russia are, what is the composition of the troops where the future missilemen are trained.
general information
The missile forces' armament consists of ground-based intercontinental ballistic missiles. They can be mobile or silo-based, and can be supplemented with nuclear warheads. The date of formation of the Strategic Missile Forces is December 17, 1959. In the Moscow region there is a small village of Vlasikha, in which the main headquarters of the army is located. The commander of the strategic missile forces is Sergey Viktorovich Karakaev, who has the rank of Colonel General. Number designation code that distinguishes vehicles missile forces of the Russian Federation, is the number 23.
History of creation
For the first time, the association of missile forces, armed with long-range ballistic missiles, emerged in mid-August 1946. It was the most important component Soviet army and was formed from members of the reserve engineering brigade, headed by Major General of the artillery detachment Alexander Fedorovich Tveretsky. A year later, the troops were withdrawn to the military missile range located in the Astrakhan region - Kapustin Yar. Further, the association again changed its place of deployment, finding itself in the Novgorod region. In the end, the rocket forces settled in Gvardeisk, near Kaliningrad.
Development
For five years starting from last month 1950, six more such associations were formed. They received a single name - engineering brigades of the RVGK (reserve of the Supreme High Command - decryption). The Strategic Missile Forces of that time used ballistic missiles of various models, in the head of which were located.At that time, engineering brigades were part of the artillery detachments of the RVGK, and the head of the Soviet artillery army was also the commander for them. The missile formations were subordinate to one of the artillery headquarters. In the spring of 1955, the appointment of the First Deputy Minister of Defense of the USSR for rocketry and special weapons... It was Mitrofan Ivanovich Nedelin, who also headed the headquarters of the reactive units.
By the beginning of the 60s, medium-range missiles, which were distinguished by the presence of nuclear warheads, were added to the army's armament. In December 1958, the first ICBMs (intercontinental ballistic missile - transcript) appeared at the base in Plesetsk. The Strategic Missile Forces conducted a series of training tests for new weapons in mid-1959.
The modern composition of the missile forces
The structure of the department includes, most importantly, several missile armies of the Strategic Missile Forces. The division is considered elite. The central test site is deployed in the Astrakhan region, and the territory allocated for testing is located in Kazakhstan. In addition, for the same purposes, a special base has been created in Kamchatka. The Rocket Forces also own a research institute, the Military Academy located in Moscow, and the Rocket Forces Institute in Serpukhov, repair plants and storage bases. military equipment and weapons. In their ranks, taking into account the civilian personnel, at the moment there are one hundred and twenty thousand people, of which eighty thousand are on military service... It is carried out according to the army-divisional order, canceled in the rest of the divisions. The army is armed with more than six hundred missile nuclear carriers, however, it should be noted that in Lately their number is rapidly decreasing.
Aviation
An order was considered, according to which in the spring of 2011 all air armament obliged to transfer the ownership of the Air Force. The Russian Missile Forces own several airfields as well as helicopter sites. There are various Mi-8 machines and An aircraft of several models in stock. At the moment, the condition of half of the weapons is satisfactory.
Education
The Strategic Missile Forces Academy has the status of the highest educational institution, which includes a scientific center for the study of military disciplines and technology. It is located in the city of Moscow, in the building that was once occupied by the Orphanage. Heads the academy
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