Bombs, like explosive devices that do not have their own engine, have become actively used at the beginning of the twentieth century. The opening of the atom led to the creation of the most powerful explosive devices of a large destructive force.
Here are about such devices and our story will go in this article, in which we present the top 10 of the most powerful bombs. And most importantly find out what the most powerful nuclear bomb in the world.
Trinity.
Among the military and physicists, this bomb was called "things". It is this device, a capacity of 21 kilotons, entered the story as the first test of nuclear weapons.
The trinity explosion was made on scientists, politicians and military indelible impressions, and began a new era of the development of lethal weapons. The date of the beginning of the new era was July 16, 1945, New Mexico went down in history as the place of first tests.
The US Championship in the development of this type of weapons made it possible to blackmate the Soviet Union for some time.
The nuclear bomb, with a capacity of 18 kilotons, called the Americans "Baby", became the first nuclear weapon in human history, which was applied against people.
Hiroshima discarded to the Japanese city, the bomb led to the destruction of great strength and caused the death of 140 thousand people. But on the monument in honor of the victims it is written: "How many people died does not know."
The device itself was dropped from the aircraft and exploded about 600 meters above the ground surface, raising a nuclear pillar of 6 kilometers high.
This was the second bomb that the Americans used, dropping it to the Japanese city of Nagasaki. The device, a nicknamed "fat man" with a capacity of 21 kilotons was also dropped from the aircraft.
The explosion was due to the life of more than 100 thousand people and led to great destruction. After August 1945, nuclear bombs against people were not applied.
Today, many experts agree that it is not necessary to apply such a terrible weapon against Japan residents and feasibility.
Baker
Bomb "Baker", with a capacity of 23 kilotons, was blown up in July 1946 at a depth of 27 meters from the Marshall Islands, and was part of the test program of the United States "Crossroads".
In the epicenter of the explosion there were warships where they placed experimental animals. Ships were damaged, but due to the large radioactive charges were not subject to repair. Bikini Island due to infection until 2010 remained uninhabited.
Thermonuclear ammunition "Reia"
Murururo's atoll in the Pacific became the place where France experienced its most powerful nuclear charges.
One such test was held in 1971, when the thermonuclear bomb "Reia" was blown up, with a capacity of 955 kilotons. The government sought to convince the public that the tests are harmless, but everyone understood that it was not.
France is one of the last countries of the world, which has ceased nuclear tests. The last time the southern part of the Pacific Ocean shuddered from French ammunition in 1998.
The nuclear explosion, with a capacity of 11 megaton, occurred during the US Nuclear Test Program in the Pacific Ocean in March 1954.
The charge, on the assumption of nuclear keys in 4 megatons, placed on the barge. Prolonged tests led to the destruction of the atoll, so the American military decided to put a powerful device on the vessel.
As a result of the explosion, a huge area of \u200b\u200bocean expanses was infected.
In 1952, the Americans for the first time experienced thermonuclear bomb by the equivalent of 12 megaton. The explosion produced an envelope atoll.
On the site of small reef islands, only a funnel of a two-kilometer diameter remained, and the splashes and fragments of reef scattered 50 kilometers.
The explosion "M" was shown in the cinemas of the United States and on television. But the shows gave a completely different effect than the politicians and military ministers were expected. After what people saw, they became massively opposing the tests.
The bomb explosion, with a capacity of 13.5 megaton, impressed even the creators of the explosive device "Castle Yankee". The nuclear mushroom pulled out at 40 kilometers, and the cap itself was 16 kilometers.
Strong wind convey a radioactive cloud to the banks of Mexico, although the explosion occurred at a distance of 11 thousand kilometers from this country. Suffered from radioactive charge and part of the territory of the United States.
The most powerful nuclear bomb in history ever tested by the United States had an equivalent of 15 megaton, and its tests occurred in 1954 near Bikini Atoll.
In pursuit of records in nuclear testing, as a result of this explosion, huge territories were infected.
Radioactive dust A few days after the explosion of "Castle Bravo" fell on the Japanese fishing vessel. All crew members got lost radial disease, radist died six months after irradiation.
Tsar bomb
According to documents, the most powerful atomic bomb passed on documents under the codenamed An602. An explosion, with a capacity of 58.6 megaton, was produced on the New Earth archipelago in 1961.
The reaction of the An602 was based on the principle of using the energy of the reaction of nuclear synthesis, and it was the most powerful explosion of the hydrogen bomb in the entire test history.
Tests had truly impressive, but at the same time, dangerous results. After the strongest explosion, the sound wave from the "king bomb" spread to thousands of kilometers, and the seismic senses felt residents of the entire planet.
The explosion of the bomb, which, after the statement in the UN, Nikita Khrushchev began to call "Kuzkina Mother", destroyed all the buildings on the islands and did not leave anything alive.
Conclusion
It should be noted that other types of powerful weapons exist besides nuclear and hydrogen bombs. For example, the most powerful non-Nuclear ABFM bomb was tested in Russia in August 2007. By the way, the first hydrogen bomb was created in the USSR.
The invention of the nuclear and non-nuclear weapons of high power led to the arms race, as well as the global confrontation. By the end of the 50s, the USA and the USSR, weapons stocks have accumulated enough to destroy the planet. This is what remains a deterrent to the non-use of nuclear bombs.
Paradox, but physician scientists, the creators of nuclear weapons capable of destroying humanity, headed the world around the world and made an initiative to destroy the entire nuclear arsenal.
Everyone knows about two Japanese cities to which nuclear bombs were reset, as well as the consequences of these explosions. It is interesting to know about creating and testing the most powerful hydrogen bomb.
Bombs in Hiroshima and Nagasaki
In September 1945, Japan capitulated, the Second World War ended. It was preceded by two nuclear explosions - on August 6, 1945, American bombers were reset bombs first on Hiroshima, and just three days and on Nagasaki.It is known that about 140 thousand people died in Hiroshima from the explosion and consequences of bombardment. The bomb, discarded on Hiroshima, was called "Kid". The bomb "Tolstik" fell on the city of Nagasaki, she challenged 80 thousand people.
According to the United States, these explosions and led to a speedy ending of the war. Since then, there were no more cases of nuclear weapons.
The size of the bomb "Kid" is seventy centimeters in diameter, its length is three meters of twenty centimeters. The "kid" weighed four tons, and its capacity reached from 13 to 18 kiloton trotil. After the explosion, smoke over Hiroshima rose to a height of twenty thousand feet.
The length of the bomb "Tolstik" is three meters of twenty-five centimeters, and the diameter is a meter of fifty four centimeters. The weight of this bomb exceeded the weight of the "kid" at six hundred kilograms. The power of the explosion in Nagasaki is the same as in Hiroshima, in TNT equivalent it is 21 kilotonne.
As a result of two explosions, a huge territory was amazed, which almost all until today remains empty. Two affected cities are now symbols atomic tragedy and the fight against atomic danger.
The most powerful non-national bombs
The Cold War is over, but the work on new types of weapons does not stop. Now scientists are engaged in creating non-national species of bombs. GBU-43 / B is such an official name of the most powerful American non-nuclear bomb. She has a different name - "Mom of all bombs." Its mass is 9.5 tons, length - 10 meters, and diameter - 1 meter. For the first time this bomb was manufactured in 2002. In TNT equivalent, the explosive power is equal to 11 tons. 
An even more powerful weapon was created in Russia - this is an aviation vacuum bomb. Its second name is "dad all bombs." In TNT equivalent, explosive power is 44 tons.
Hydrogen bombs - the most powerful weapon
The hydrogen or thermonuclear bomb has similar affecting factors as a nuclear bomb, but significantly exceeds it in power. Work on its creation parallel to scientists immediately in several countries, including the USSR, USA and in Germany. Studies began immediately before World War II. 
For the first time, the tests were held by Americans in 1 November 1952 on an envelope atoll, a year ago, on August 12, 1953, a hydrogen bomb of domestic production was blown up in the USSR at the Polygon in Semipalatinsk.
The most powerful hydrogen bomb
The biggest today is the bomb of the an602, which was given by the name "Kuzkina Mother" and "Tsar Bomb". Dimensions "Tsar-Bomb": Length - 8 meters, diameter - 2 meters, Weight - 24 tons, explosive power - 58 megatons in Ttatile Equivalent. Developments were conducted in 1945 to 1961 a group of nuclear physicists under the leadership of Academician of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR I. V. Kurchatov. 
Its tests were held on October 30, 1961 at the Archipelago Polygon New Earth. The explosion produced in the air at a distance of 4000 meters above the new earth. None of the aircraft existing at that time could not cope with this task, therefore, the TU 95-B was built specifically for the production of the explosion. The diameter of the fiery ball was over nine kilometers. The blow was able to feel all the inhabitants of the planet, since the seismic wave formed as a result of the explosion, triggers the land three times.
The consequences of this explosion were more than inspired - not a single hill was left on the surface of the island, the surface became smooth as a rink. In the village, which was at a distance of four kilometers from the epicenter, all the wooden buildings were completely collapsed, and the stone houses were left without roofs.
The mushroom, which grew up at the explosion site, reached a height of 60-67 km, and the diameter of his cap was equal to about 95 km. Impressive the radius of the damage of the bomb - it is equal to 4600 m. It is scary to submit to which destruction could lead this "giant" by the Soviet Union, if the explosion had been made against one of the countries.
It is believed that the tests of this bomb pushed many countries to sign the contract for the termination of tests of nuclear weapons under water, in space and the atmosphere, there were also restrictions on the capacity of the nuclear weapon created. The contract was signed by a hundred ten countries.
Not only the weapon can be dangerous, but also nature itself. For example, there is a whole rating of the most dangerous animals ..
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The most powerful bombs - what do we know about them? Every person heard about the long-suffering Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, which was dropped during the Second World War, experimental nuclear bombs. On the consequences of these two explosions know the whole world. In this material, we will tell about the development and testing of various types of bombs and learn what the most powerful bomb was invented by a person.
Nuclear bombs in Nagasaki and Hiroshima
Japan had to immediately capitulate in 1945 after two most powerful nuclear explosions that occurred in the notorious all cities of Nagasaki and Hiroshima. After the surrender of the Japanese authorities, the Second World War was officially completed. The bombs were discharged by American bombers first in Hiroshima, and then in the city of Nagasaki three days later. After the explosion in Hiroshima and its consequences, 140 thousand people died. This nuclear bomb was called "Baby" and its capacity was 20 thousand kilotonne. Nagasaki was involved identical for the power of the bomb "Tolstik", but at the same time it was the appearance and its sizes, several times larger than the size of the "baby". In Nagasaki, more than 80 thousand people died due to the explosion.
According to the US authorities, these two explosions have become the consequence of the end of World War II. Nuclear weapons since then no longer applied against the civilian population.
The most powerful hydrogen bomb in the world
The hydrogen or thermonuclear bomb is several times more powerful than any nuclear bomb, because its power is practically not calculated. Before the beginning of World War II, the creation of a hydrogen bomb was occupied by several countries - Germany, USA and the USSR. The first explosion of the hydrogen bomb occurred on June 16, 1945, its strength was estimated at 20 thousand tons of TNT.
Well, and the biggest and powerful hydrogen bomb was given the name "Kuzkina Mother" and it was produced in the USSR. Bomb weighing 24 tons was 8 meters long and 2 m diameter.
Powerful non-national bombs of the world
Despite the fact that the time of the "cold" war has long come to an end, the development of modern powerful bombs has not ceased for no one year. At the moment, modern scientists work on the creation of improved and very powerful non-national bombs. The most powerful bomb of this type is the bomb of the American production GBU-43 / B. This bomb also has the unofficial name "Mom of All Bombs". Mom has a mass of 9 tons, 10 m long and a diameter of 1 m. The bomb was made in 2002 and its explosive power is 11 tons in TNT equivalent.
But a little later, Russian scientists and engineers created the most powerful non-national weapons. The aviation vacuum bomb with an explosive power of 41 tons in TNT equivalent received a very bold and response name "Dad of all bombs". Thus, the Russians showed that they created much more powerful weapons than the Americans.
The most powerful atomic bomb
As is known, atomic and nuclear weapons are the most destructive weapons ever created by a person. The most powerful bomb in the history of mankind at the moment, Russian scientists can boast, who have already created the Mother "Kuzkin" or, as they called in the people - "Tsar-Bomb". The capacity of the bomb in Ttatil equivalent was almost 60 megaton, but later the creators of the bomb admitted that they planned to create it with a capacity of 100 megatons. To this day, the "Tsar Bomb" remains the most powerful in the world.
The test of the bomb An602 or the "king bomb" was produced in October 1961. The bomb explosion was produced in the air, over the new land, 4 thousand kilometers away. At that time, none of the aircraft in the world could cope with the delivery of a bomb in the right place, so a special T95-B special plane was created for the test. In the explosion, the diameter of the fiery cloud or a ball amounted to almost 10 kilometers. The blow from an explosive wave was able to feel almost all in the people of the world, because the seismic wave managed to overtake the earth three times in a row.
The explosion did not leave the stone on the stone, the consequences were terrifying. The surface of the island on which the explosion occurred was completely smooth as the rink. Also suffered a village that was at a distance of 400 kilometers from the explosion. All wooden buildings were destroyed, and each stone house remained without a roof. It is terrible to present what destruction could be as a result of the use of this bomb by the USSR authorities against one of the countries.
It is this test that prompted most countries in the world to sign an agreement on the termination of the test of nuclear weapons on Earth, under water, in the atmosphere and even space. Also, as a result of the Treaty, items appeared on the restriction of the power of the nuclear weapons created. The contract was signed by a hundred ten countries.
Test "Tsar Bomb":
What size is a mushroom from the explosion of the most powerful nuclear (atomic) bomb in the world.
The explosion of a 23 CT nuclear bomb. Polygon in Nevada, 1953.
Although humanity did not apply atomic bombs since the times of American strikes on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, global nuclear arsenals have steadily grew through the twentieth century, and the mass of the mass lesion itself became all perfect. What exactly could cause the world's largest nuclear explosion?
So who has more? In the competition of nuclear power France I am satisfied with the third step of the podium of countries with the largest arsenal. Its result in 300 warheads does not allow her to compete with two mastodones in her face Russia (7 thousand 300) and USA (6 thousand 970), which accounts for 92% of the entire world arsenal of 15 thousand 600 bombs (16 thousand 300 in 2015). According to iReless.net, they are distributed only to nine countries: to three above should add China (260 warheads), United Kingdom (215), Pakistan (125), India (115), Israel (from 60 to 400) and North Korea (at least ten warheads).
Everything is simple: with the existing nuclear power we have to destroy our planet dozens of times.
More and more
Since 1945, nuclear powers held 2 thousand 475 testsMost of them whose again falls on Russia and the United States. This allows you to evaluate the achieved in the area.
From the video it becomes clear that in the case of the global nuclear war, we will have every chance to erase humanity from the face of the earth. This is due to the number of in the world the warheads, as well as their increasing power over the years.
There is one striking example in the video: if nuclear "mushrooms" in Hiroshima and Nagasaki (bomb Little Boy. and Fat Man. force of 15 and 21 kilotonne in Trotil equivalent) reached a height of 6 thousand and 7 thousand meters, which can compete with Everest, then when an explosion of the current American bomb B-83. (80 times more powerful Little Boy) would already be about 20 kilometers, which is seven or eight times higher than the flight height of airliners. Explosion by force B. 1.2 Megatons It would have passed through the entire troposphere and reached the stratosphere, located 16 kilometers above sea level.
Is impressive? But these are still trifles compared to a hydrogen bomb Castle Bravo., the most powerful American warhead, which they never experienced: "Mushroom" with its explosion would be 30 kilometers. She is a thousand times more powerful bombs dropped on Hiroshima: 15 Megaton In Trotil equivalent.
Tsar bomb, the biggest explosion in history
Do you think this is the limit? Mistake. The most powerful explosion was held by the Soviet Union in 1961. Tsar-bomb Tested on the archipelago a new land north of the continental coast. Explosion by force B. 50 Megaton (3,300 times the bombs from Hiroshima) turned out to be so powerful that glass was treated in the windows in Norway and Finland (although they are located at a distance of 1,000 kilometers), and the plane dropped it almost suffered a catastrophe. The mushroom rose to a height of 40 kilometers, from where October 14, 2012 made a parachutist Felix Baumgartner jump. Moreover, all this was only a limited testing of the capabilities of Soviet scientists who were under the power to create a bomb on greater power (100 megaton), whose mushroom would penetrate in the mesosphere at a height of 50 kilometers.
Here is an example of what a king bomb hit in Paris would have led to the bomb of the "total" in 50 megaton): a giant fireball would not leave the city and trail, while the shock wave would have sown scary destruction in a radius 35 kilometers. The survivors would get the third degree burns. Farewell, Paris and suburbs.
The United States experienced "mother of all bombs" in 2003 at the Polygon in Florida. So far, it has never been applied in battle, although one copy and was sent to Iraq. In total, there are 14 such bombs in the Pentagon Arsenal.
"Mother of all bombs"
GBU-43 / B Massive Ordnance Air Blast, Moab, "Mother of All Bombs", - American Fuchas Aviation Bomb, created in 2002-2003.
Moab continues to be one of the largest airbones equipped with a satellite-guidance system.
By the nature of the affect of the impact, Moab is a fugasal airbomb. Moab has a length of 9.17 m and a diameter of 102.9 cm, the weight of the bomb is 9.5 tons, of which 8.4 tons fall on the explosive of the Australian production H-6 - a mixture of hexogen, trotyl and aluminum powder - which is more powerful TNT 1.35 times.
The explosion force is 11 tons in a TNT equivalent, the radius of the lesion is about 140 m, partial destruction occur at a distance of 1.5 km from the epicenter.
The cost of one such bomb is $ 16 million.
1. "Tsar-Bomb"
An602, she is the "Tsar Bomb", - thermonuclear aviation bomb developed in the USSR in 1954-1961. Group of nuclear physicists under the leadership of Academician of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR I. V. Kurchatov.
The most powerful explosive device in the history of mankind. The total energy of the explosion, according to various sources, was 58.6 megatons in TNT equivalent, or about 2.4 x 1017 J (which corresponds to a mass defect of 2.65 kg).
The developers group included A. D. Sakharov, V. B. Adamsky, Yu. N. Babaev, Yu. N. Smirnov, Yu. A. Trutnev and others.
The name "Kuzkina Mother" appeared under the impression of the famous statement of N. S. Khrushcheva: "We still show America Kuzkin's mother!" The official bomb of the an602 did not have the name.
An602 explosion according to the classification of nuclear explosions was a low air nuclear explosion of super-large power.
The results were impressive. The fiery ball of the explosion reached a radius of about 4.6 km.
Theoretically, he could grow to the surface of the Earth, however, the reflected shock wave prevented this, which was overhanging the bottom of the ball and discarded the ball from the ground.
Light radiation could potentially cause third degree burns at a distance of up to 100 km.
The nuclear explosion mushroom rose to a height of 67 km, the diameter of his bunk "hats" reached (at the top tier) 95 km.
A tangible seismic wave, resulting from an explosion, triggered the globe three times.
2. Nuclear bomb in-41
B-41 is the most powerful American thermonuclear bomb equivalent about 25 megaton. The only three-stage thermonuclear bomb in the US Air Force Arsenal. The most powerful serially produced thermonuclear weapons. It was in service with 1960 to 1976.
US Air Force In 1961, the bomb was a significant part of the total megatonnament of American strategic bombers and was considered as important weapons within the framework of the "massive retaliation" doctrine (as a means of effective defeat of civil society) and the "flexible response" doctrines (as a means the destruction of fortified objects, large military bases, naval databases and airfields).
The powerful charge of the bomb allowed even a single bomber to inflict significantly damage to the affected object.
The B41 bomb is considered the most efficient thermonuclear weapon ever created. Based on the ratio "Megaton of Tttyl Equivalent on a ton of mass of construction" B41Y1 with a weight of 4.8 tons had a charge of 25 megatons, that is, 5.2 megatons per ton.
3. Castle Bravo
"Castle Bravo" - American test of thermonuclear explosive device on March 1, 1954 on the Bikini Atoll (Republic of Marshall Islands associated with the United States).
The first of the series of seven tests "Castle operations".
During this test, a two-stage charge was blown up, in which lithium deuteride was used as thermonuclear fuel.
The energy release during the explosion reached 15 Megaton, which makes "Castle Bravo" the most powerful of all US nuclear tests.
The explosion led to a strong radiation infection of the environment, which caused concern all over the world and led to a serious revision of the existing views on nuclear weapons.
4. Atomic bomb "Ivi Mike"
"Ivi Mike" is the first test of the world of thermonuclear explosive device.
Due to weight and dimensions, as well as use as fuel for thermonuclear synthesis of liquid deuterium, the device did not have a practical value as a weapon and was intended solely for experimental verification of the "two-stage" design proposed by Ulam and Teller.
The experiment ended with success; Evaluation power of the explosion was 10-12 megatons of the TNTIL equivalent.
5. Nuclear bomb MK-36
Two-stage thermonuclear strategic bomb.
All MK-21 were redested in MK-36 in 1957. Replaced with MK-41.
At the time of removal of weapons, MK-36 was almost half the US arsenal in power.
The energy of the explosion is 9-10 MT.
6. Nuclear bomb MK-17
MK.17 - The first thermonuclear bomb on the deuteride of lithium in the US arsenal, the first mass-produced American thermonuclear bomb.
The largest and massive termanuclear weapon in the American Arsenal. The Los Alamos National Laboratory was developed. Its length is 7536 mm, diameter - 1560 mm, and mass - 21 tons, explosion energy - 10-15 megaton.
In May 1957, one bomb MK.17 was unintentionally reset from the B-36 bomber, which came to land at the Kirtland Air Base.
Separated from the fasteners, the bomb broke the bubble sash and fell from a height of 520 m.
Although the bomb was not crushed, the explosive of the primer partially designed by destroying the bomb and scattering the radioactive material.
The measures taken to clean the terrain were successful, but, nevertheless, separate radioactive fragments of the bomb found so far.
7. Nuclear bomb B-53
B-53 - American Thermonuclear Bomb, the most old and powerful nuclear weapons who were in the Arsenal of the US strategic nuclear forces until 1997.
The development of the bomb was launched in 1955 in the Los Alamos National Laboratory in New Mexico and was based on the design of earlier products MK.21 and MK.46.
B53 Aviabomb was commissioned as part of the B-47 "Stratovzhet" bombers, B-52 "Stratophoodless" and B-58 "Hastler" in the mid-1960s.
On October 13, 2010, the National Nuclear Nuclear Security Administration announced the start of the B53 utilization program that was in service with the Air Force for 35 years.
According to the calculations with the air undermining at an optimal height, a 9-megaton explosion will lead to the formation of a fiery ball with a size of 4 km to 5 km in diameter.
The power of light radiation will be enough to cause fatal burns from any openly located person within a radius of 28.7 km.
The impact of the shock wave will be enough to destroy residential and production buildings within a radius of 14.9 km from the epicenter.
8. Nuclear bomb MK-16
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