A loan for maintaining a personal subsidiary farm. Example: obtaining a loan from Rosselkhozbank for the development of private household plots. Rural loan - private household plots - regulatory framework

Personal subsidiary farming (LPH) is a form of non-entrepreneurial activity in the production and processing of agricultural products. The activity is carried out by a citizen or citizen and members of his family living together with him and (or) jointly carrying out personal subsidiary farming with him in order to meet personal needs on a land plot provided and (or) acquired for running a personal subsidiary farm.

Law N 112-ФЗ dated 07.07.2003 was adopted for owners of personal subsidiary farms and regulates all types of relations arising in the process of organizing and maintaining private household plots. I recommend that you familiarize yourself with the Law in detail - it is small in volume, clearly stated and clarifies a lot.

The Federal Law on personal subsidiary plots contains sections:

1. the concept of private household plots;
2. the rights of citizens when organizing and running private household plots;
3. land plots for private household plots;
4. relations between authorities at all levels and owners of private household plots;
5. property when running private household plots;
6. legal relations with the PF RF;
7. registration and termination of activities.

If you don’t have time to read this bill, this is how I understood it:

• Personal subsidiary farming is an activity that is not considered an enterprise, despite the fact that the grown products are considered the property of the owner and can be sold. Since the activity of private household plots is related to agriculture, it is most appropriate to compare this form with a peasant farming (PF).
• Our plot is only 20 acres, there are several fruit trees near the house, we have planted a vegetable garden and grow a dozen chickens. We do not plan to expand yet, but even if someday there is a desire to sell what is grown, this type of activity will not be considered an enterprise. According to the law, private household plots are classified as non-commercial activities if members of the same family are employed in it.

How to register a personal subsidiary farm

It is possible to open private household plots on the land plot purchased or leased, provided that the land plot has the type of permitted use: "For running a personal subsidiary farm." There is no need to register private household plots as a legal entity - you can grow fruits and vegetables or breed animals and poultry from the moment you receive the right to land.

The local Department of Land and Property Relations (DIZO) keeps records of all private household plots on the territory. To legalize the farm, it is enough to contact the administration of the settlement to enter data on your new farm in the household book.

When registering a subsidiary farm, the following information will be required:

1. Full name and date of birth of the owner or tenant of the land, as well as data on family members;
2. Land area and its cadastral number;
3. Livestock of animals and (or) poultry, number of hives;
4. Enumeration of agricultural machinery, equipment and vehicles.

If you do not yet have a land plot for private household plots, then the situation can be easily corrected.

How to get a land plot for private household plots from the state

In short, in order to obtain a land plot for private household plots, you have to:

1. Find an unformed land plot on the public cadastral map of RosReestr;
2. Order the layout of this land plot (SRZU) on the cadastral plan of the territory. You can order the scheme without leaving your home. To do this, I recommend a service that sends a document ready to agree on a lease within 1-5 days. Cost - 1990 rubles, the data are official and compiled by a cadastral engineer (License No. 52-11-320) in accordance with Resolution No. 762 of the Ministry of Economic Development of Russia.
3. Contact the administration of the settlement, on the territory of which the memory is located, with a statement "On approval of the layout of the land plot." At the same time, indicate your personal data, the area of ​​the newly formed plot and the purpose of the lease - for running a personal subsidiary farm;
4. After the approval of the SRZU (up to 30 days), or immediately, submit another application to the head of the Administration: "On preliminary approval of the provision of a land plot";
5. In case of a positive answer, go to the cadastral engineer to register a new and already agreed land plot for cadastral registration. Paid service - from 5 thousand rubles;
6. When you have a cadastral passport in your hands, and the boundaries of the land plot you found begin to be displayed on the cadastral map, we submit an application: "On the provision of a land plot for rent for a period of 10-49 years";
7. We conclude a lease agreement with the Administration and register the transaction with RosReestr through the MFC "My Documents".

The layout of the land plot, which I recently ordered through

What is the maximum area of ​​a plot for private household plots

It is possible to organize private household plots on personal land or outside the village - on a field plot. The size of the land plot is established by local authorities on the basis of the norms in force in a particular constituent entity of the Russian Federation. Housing and other buildings can be erected on the personal plot. True, in some regions there are restrictions on the construction of residential buildings - no more than 10% of the area. It is forbidden to build capital houses on field lands, but it is allowed to install greenhouses, corrals, sheds, etc.

According to Part 5 of Art. 4 of the Federal Law on private household plots, the area of ​​private household plots is limited - the plot of one subsidiary farm should not be more than 0.5 hectares. Regional authorities have the right to increase the size of the land plot by 5 times (for example, for the Leningrad Region it is 0.99 ha).

If the size of the allotment is more than the maximum allowable (50 acres), the excess part must be alienated. Otherwise, you will have to register not a personal subsidiary farm, but an individual entrepreneur or a peasant (farm) farm. City dwellers can also get land using the scheme described above, if there is free land in the selected settlement.

Think about buying special equipment, I recommend after signing a lease for land

How to make money on a personal subsidiary farm

After collecting the documents, you can rightfully start developing a subsidiary farm and, if you wish, generate income from the sale of products. After receiving a decree from the administration of the settlement confirming that agricultural land has been transferred to you for running a personal subsidiary farm, you have the right to:

1. Grow any crops.
2. Install greenhouses of any size.
3. Keep farm animals.
4. Breeding poultry.
5. Maintain an apiary.

First of all, you should decide on the type of activity. If you have experience of life in the village, there will be no problems with the choice, city dwellers are better off starting with gardening and horticulture or breeding poultry. Make a plan of action and start purchasing planting material, young poultry or animals.

You have the right to cultivate your land on your own or with the involvement of relatives of any degree of kinship. Non-relatives can be involved in the process, provided that they live with you.

Even with your own hands, you can provide a stable income. Here are some options for profitable activities in a private household .

Growing vegetables

Vegetables are in demand at any time of the year. If you build a greenhouse and harvest even a small crop all year round, the profit will be secured. For small businesses, no registration is required.

Pig breeding

You will be able to sell live weight animals or fresh meat. If possible, you can set up the production of sausages or semi-finished meat products, for example, cutlets or dumplings. True, this will require confirmed compliance with sanitary standards. You can keep as many pigs as you can on the allocated area without violating the rules for keeping pigs on personal subsidiary plots.

Mini poultry farm

How to sell grown produce

Products produced on personal subsidiary plots can be legally sold. To do this, you need to get a certificate from the local administration. This document should indicate that your product was produced in a private household.

Help may be required when:

1. transportation of meat, vegetables or other products to the point of sale;
2. delivery of meat to the sausage shop, etc .;
3. transfer of goods to a retail outlet.

As you can see, you will have to receive a certificate even for the sale of cabbage.

What taxes will you have to pay

The proceeds from the sale of products manufactured in private household plots are not taxed. You will also not have to pay VAT, since this tax applies only to individual entrepreneurs and organizations. The only regular payment is land tax, approximately 0.3% of the cadastral value of the site.

According to the current legislation, income from the sale of products of animal and plant origin is not taxed, however, two conditions must be met to be exempted from taxes:

1. The area of ​​the land plot should not be larger than that established by law No. 112-FZ. The permissible size of the plot is 0.5 hectares, unless a larger plot of land has been allocated by the decision of the local administration.
2. Personal subsidiary farming is conducted without the involvement of hired workers.

To be exempted from taxes, you must obtain a document confirming that the crop, meat and other products were produced on a plot of land permitted by law. The certificate must be issued by the local administration or the board of the dacha (gardening) partnership.

However, there are nuances that you should pay attention to:

• If you decide to produce vermicompost, bio-soil, etc. on your site and sell it wholesale or retail, you may be required to pay taxes. Fertilizers are not considered a product of animal husbandry, their production is considered as a result of entrepreneurial activity and, therefore, is subject to taxation. Also, the legislator does not classify turf and soil mixtures as crop products.
• To obtain tax exemption, you need a certificate only from the administration of the settlement or the board of a non-profit association (gardening, summer cottage). A document issued by another organization is invalid.
• Only income from the sale of products manufactured in private households is exempt from tax. If you manage to get a government subsidy, you will have to pay taxes. The amounts received from the budget for the reimbursement of interest on the target loan are not taxed, the rest of the subsidies are subject to taxation.

How to get a subsidy for private household plots

Pursuing a policy of social protection, the state supports low-income citizens by allocating funds for development within the framework of a social contract for the development of personal subsidiary plots. In the presence of certain conditions (income per family member less than the subsistence level, a legally allocated land plot and the absence of debts to pay for it, the presence of three or more children), a citizen can apply to the social protection authorities with a request to allocate money to him for the development of private household plots.

The size of the social contract is set by the local government. Such subsidies can be allocated no more than once every three years and spent on the purchase of:

1. Pets, poultry, bees or feed;
2. fertilizers or planting material;
3. machinery, implements for land cultivation and animal care.

For its part, the participant of the social contract is obliged to:

1. Develop and submit a plan for the use of allocated funds;
2. use the allocated money for its intended purpose, without deviating from the plan;
3. insure property acquired for the funds of the social contract;
4. carry out the activities of the plan and provide reports.

How to get a loan for private household plots

Any business at the start requires financial investments. If you decide to breed animals or poultry in a subsidiary farm, money will be required to purchase young animals, feed, and erect a building. For the year-round cultivation of vegetables, a greenhouse is needed, for the construction and equipment of which money is also needed.

Loans for the development of private household plots are issued by Rosselkhozbank, Sberbank and 2-3 more banks with state support and programs for lending to farmers. Rosselkhozbank specializes in supporting agricultural producers and offers to take out a loan on mutually beneficial terms. A loan for the development of private household plots can be obtained under one of the programs:

• Under the construction of communications. Loan up to 500 thousand rubles. can be taken at 15.5%.
• For the development of personal subsidiary plots. Target loan up to 700 thousand rubles. at 14% for repairs, gasification, purchase of animals, feed, fuel, etc.
• "Reliable partner". The program is designed for regular customers of the bank. If you took out a loan and repaid the debt successfully, it is possible to get a new loan at 13.5%.
• "Gardener". Credits under this program are issued for gasification and repairs. Interest rate - from 16%. Possible loan amount - up to 150,000,000 rubles.

Loan conditions for private household plots

The Bank considers applications from citizens of the Russian Federation, regardless of the place of registration. Basic loan conditions for private household plots at Rosselkhozbank:

1. Age from 18 to 60-65 years old.
2. Solvency, confirmed by a certificate of salary or other permanent income.
3. The presence of collateral.
4. A surety.
5. Extract from the household register.

Is it possible to build a residential building on the land of private household plots

I bought a plot with a built house, but I finished building something on it myself: greenhouses, a bathhouse, a workshop. To avoid misunderstandings with the building permit, I had to deal with the legislation in detail, at the same time I found out if it was possible to build a house on the land of the private household plots. Briefly about the most important thing.

A land plot for private household plots can only belong to two categories:

1. Land for a personal plot within the village. On a personal plot of land, you can build a residential house and any other structures (subject to the rules that are the same for everyone - construction, fire-prevention, sanitary and hygienic and others, and you can also produce agricultural products (any: plant plants, breed animals and poultry, put an apiary) It is possible to register at the place of residence in a residential building built on a personal plot of land, and it is also possible to receive a property tax deduction.
2. Field land for growing crops. On a field plot, you can only produce agricultural products and erect non-capital structures for this (without a foundation). It is forbidden to build a residential building, and if it is built, it may be obliged to demolish it. Naturally, there is no question of registration in such a house.

How to get a building permit for private household plots

Construction on the plots of private household plots in settlements has no restrictions under the law, but a request to the local administration should still be made, since there are restrictions at the local level. For example, in the Kaliningrad region, it is allowed to build up with residential buildings no more than 10% of the personal plot for private household plots, but in practice no one observes such a restriction.

Construction may not be allowed if the site, for example, is outside the boundaries of the settlement or does not adjoin them. If there are no restrictions, then housing and other premises can be built, for example, a garage, a barn, a bathhouse, a greenhouse, a pigsty, etc. At the same time, it is necessary to coordinate actions with town planning regulations regarding this site.

Local authorities have no right to refuse to issue a building permit if the conditions and procedure for obtaining are in accordance with the law. The Urban Planning Code contains an exhaustive list of possible grounds for refusing to build, as well as a list of documents for obtaining a permit.

How to register on the lands of private household plots

A house built on the land of private household plots and put into operation is recognized by law as residential. In such a house, on the basis of an application from the owner at the passport office, you can obtain permanent registration (residence permit) in accordance with the Housing Code of the Russian Federation.

Advantages of personal subsidiary farming

• Simplicity of organization (private household plots do not require legal registration);
• lack of registration with the tax office and tax reporting (accounting is kept in household books by local authorities on the basis of information provided by the owners);
• various benefits (exemption from personal income tax under certain conditions, preferential transport tax on equipment, etc.);
• the possibility of an independent decision on pension insurance (the owner of a private subsidiary decides for himself whether to pay contributions to the Pension Fund).

Cons of personal subsidiary farming

• Restrictions on the area of ​​the land plot for private household plots. The size of the plot cannot be more than 0.5 hectares, although the local administration has the right to decide on a fivefold expansion of the plot.
• the state does not support private household plots by providing soft loans and subsidies:
• some types of activities subject to certification are prohibited, and declarations of conformity are not issued.

Commercial breeding of cattle on the plot for private household plots will be problematic

conclusions

Thanks to the import substitution program, private household plots have received a new round of development. Farming is now engaged not only in rural areas, but also in urban areas and even in the oligarchy. For example, the former mayor of Moscow, Yuri Lushkov, also took up agriculture - he grows buckwheat in the Kaliningrad region.

In the first half of this year, the volume of agricultural production in Russia grew by 3%, with a general decline in GDP. Facts and figures create a favorable background for lower interest rates on loans and a guarantee of demand for the products of personal subsidiary plots in the future.

Lily asks

Hello! Is it true that a loan for the development of agriculture in "Rosselkhozbank" is given at the most favorable rate? And this does not apply to consumer loans?

Good afternoon, Lilia! Let's look at the conditions of Rosselkhozbank and compare them with similar offers from other credit institutions in order to understand the profitability of the rate.

Conditions for issuing a loan in "Rosselkhozbank" for the development of agricultural

If the conditions of Rosselkhozbank do not suit you, Lilia, send an application from the free online service to different banks in the country. In a few minutes in auto mode you will receive offers from financial institutions of Russia:

Agriculture is one of the main directions of state policy. Therefore, not only organizations, but also individuals interested in the development of agriculture, the state provides some support measures. Let's see how an individual can get a loan for the development of agriculture in general terms, and in Rosselkhozbank specifically.

Requirements for an individual:

1. Provision of collateral. It can be a surety or a pledge of liquid property. If machinery / equipment is purchased, the car becomes a subject of pledge;

2. We need all monthly income, not just profit from the development of private household plots;

3. The presence of private household plots is confirmed by an extract from the household book. Records must be kept for at least 12 months;

4. Confirmation of the availability of the land and the necessary equipment.

In Russia, the most optimal credit conditions for farming are offered by Rosselkhozbank.

The institution has two programs designed for loans to existing private households:

1. "For the development of subsidiary plots";
2. "On the development of subsidiary farming without security."

The main conditions for obtaining loans are as follows:

Loan up to 2/5 years. The loan term depends on the purpose of the loan;

Interest rates in the range of 25.5-30% secured and higher unsecured;

If the purpose of using the loan is violated, the rate is increased by 2.5 points;

A similar increase awaits the client in case of refusal to insure health / life;

The maximum loan amount is 300 thousand rubles. (loan up to two years) or 700 thousand (up to 5 years);

Security - surety of third parties or collateral owned by both the borrower and third parties;

Early repayment of the loan is allowed without charging any commissions;

If equipment is purchased, or equipment is purchased, the value of the client's own funds should be at least 5% of the cost of the machine.

The documents

To issue a loan in "Rosselkhozbank" require a passport of the Russian Federation, a certificate of income and documents:

Confirmation of the client's employment;
On a land plot;
By providing;
About private household plots (extract from the household book);
Confirming the settlement of relations with the military registration and enlistment office (for men over 27 years old).

Regional Offices of the Association of Farms / Agricultural Cooperatives;
Agricultural organizations;
Administration (urban, rural).

What to do if there is an urgent need to develop your personal subsidiary farm, but you don’t have the necessary funds? It is not at all necessary to take out loans in cash at huge interest rates - there are other lending options that were specially developed for owners of private household plots.

Now the state is actively implementing various measures to support agriculture through specialized banks. In this article we will try to tell you in detail about the special service "Credit for the development of personal subsidiary plots".

The main purposes of lending

Such a cash loan with state support can be taken for periods of up to 2 or up to 5 years - it all depends on the purpose for which the funds are needed. Loans up to 2 years are issued to support current operations. The approximate duration of the production cycle of a particular agricultural product is necessarily estimated. In the description of this program, there are 22 points that indicate in detail all types of credited activities, for example:

• Purchase of fuel and other necessary materials for agricultural machinery, as well as purchase of spare parts and payment for repairs
• Purchase of basic resources that are necessary for agricultural activities - seeds, seedlings, fertilizers and young livestock
• Purchase of agricultural implements and containers
• Necessary seasonal expenses

Longer loans (up to 5 years) are issued if necessary to make investments, the entire list of which is also listed in detail, but already in the form of 24 points, including:

• Purchase of necessary buildings / structures, major repairs
• Purchase of equipment and various units with an engine over 100 hp, or weighing more than 3.5 tons. The price also includes all expenses for delivery, installation and adjustment of equipment, its insurance
• Purchase of equipment on gas fuel, taking into account the cost of delivery, connection and design
• Other types of expenses that can be regarded as capital expenditures

Non-standard lending purposes

It turns out that now the loan is issued not only for the needs in the agricultural sector. Money can also be obtained for purposes that are practically unrelated to any work on the land. This refers to plans for the development of tourism and various folk crafts, the organization of systems of cultural and commercial services for people who live in the agricultural region.

Among other things, Rosselkhozbank invites its clients to consider special services, for example, a loan "Gardener", as well as "Engineering communications". Credit "IK" allows you to quickly receive funds that are necessary for the work on the laying of pipes (water, gas, sewerage), as well as different networks - telephone, Internet, etc. The rate on "Engineering Communications" does not bite at all - it starts with a figure of 17.25% per annum, and if insurance was also issued - 15.5%. If the client takes a loan for gasification, then the interest starts from 13.75% without insurance, and with it - 12% and higher.

Loans for the development of private household plots

Such a loan has many advantages. Its first plus is the opportunity to get a deferral to pay off the debt, which is also called a credit vacation. If you get a loan for two years, then in the first year you can pay only interest, and in the second, you can start paying the principal on the debt. If we are talking about investment loans, which are issued for a longer period (up to 5 years), then the principal amount can be paid off two years after receiving the loan funds.

The interest on the loan begins with a figure of 14%, while the health and life of the borrower must be insured. If you refuse insurance, you will have to pay interest as on a regular loan in cash (in general, you will have to pay more).

I would like to note that in Rosselkhozbank now there is one of the lowest interest rates in the entire market. Simple comparison: a typical consumer loan in this bank is issued at a rate of 23.75% per annum, which is almost twice as much. Sberbank requires its customers to pay annual interest on the loan in the amount of 21.5%, and with a guarantee of physical. persons, this amount is reduced by only 1%, in total - 20.5%. VTB24 sets 18% per annum for the same services.

Something like a service Rosselkhozbank provided by Sberbank. This refers to the special "Loan to individuals who run their own subsidiary plots." This bank sets a fixed interest rate of 14%. However, at the same time, he limits the maximum loan amount to a "bar" of 700 thousand rubles.

The maximum amount of a possible loan is not a general figure - it is calculated individually for each specific borrower. In fact, it is limited only by the person's ability to pay interest and debts, and also depends on the security that he can provide.

To get a loan of up to 300,000 rubles, you will need a surety from one individual, but if we are talking about an amount of 300-700 thousand rubles, then you will have to provide the bank with two guarantors. If there are no guarantors, then it is possible to pledge the property of private household plots in the bank (agricultural machinery, various agricultural structures, a land plot, etc.).

Main requirements for borrowers at Rosselkhozbank

The bank gives funds for the development of private household plots only to citizens of the Russian Federation under the age of 65 (at the same time, the borrower must not be 65 at the time of the expiration of the contract). This rule is not strict - it can be relaxed if one borrower attracts a co-borrower under the age of 60 years.

The second very important condition is credit funds Rosselkhozbank are issued exclusively to owners of private household plots, which must be confirmed with special documents. Thus, in order to get a loan, it is necessary to have, in addition to a passport, a certificate proving ownership of a plot of land and an extract from the household book.

Loans for the development of private household plots, which are offered by Sberbank and Rosselkhozbank, are issued strictly for intended use. If the borrower complies with all the rules for providing financing, a loyal interest rate remains for him, and a program for receiving subsidies from the state is also available. The amount of the loan to be subsidized cannot exceed 700 thousand rubles.

Running a personal subsidiary farm allows rural residents not only to provide themselves with fresh natural products, but also to earn through the further sale of the produced raw materials. Since the purchase of a livestock of animals, the arrangement of their own and their housing and the organization of the farm's activities require large financial investments, a novice farmer may need additional financial assistance. Leading Russian banks offer their clients a specialized product - a loan for private household plots.

A limited number of banks in Russia specialize in loans for the development of personal subsidiary plots. The largest and most reliable lending institution in the segment was and remains the Russian Agricultural Bank.

Both financial corporations are universal banking organizations, have government support and participate in a subsidy program.

Lending objectives

The purposes of lending to persons running personal subsidiary plots are defined in the corresponding order of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation and are applicable to all financial institutions participating in the financing programs for private household plots.

Table 1. Goals that allow you to take out a loan for the development of private household plots

For up to 2 years, for production purposes	For up to 5 years, for agricultural purposes *
seasonal costs of the agricultural producer; Fuels and lubricants, spare parts for equipment of trucks or tractors; seedlings, tubers, bulbs, mushrooms and myceliums, seeds and planting material; fertilizers, black soil, sand, humus, etc.; materials for the repair and reconstruction of premises on the territory of the site, including those provided for keeping animals, as well as fences and barriers; for insurance premiums for product insurance; payment for electricity used for irrigation; providing irrigation on the territory of the site (laying a water supply system, purchasing related materials, including hoses and tanks); containers and other packaging material; making advance payments for purchased new equipment and equipment, as well as payment for services for its delivery, assembly, installation, start-up and debugging; rent for the land and premises used by private household plots; small-scale mechanization equipment and special agricultural implements; raw materials for primary as well as industrial processing; feed and veterinary drugs, materials for greenhouses	farm animals, including those suitable for cattle breeding; purchase of equipment for processing products, animal husbandry; gasification of private household plots; the purchase of vehicles and machines for agricultural activities, including specific ones: for animal husbandry, beekeeping, poultry farming, fodder production and fish farms; welding and power units; reclamation work; insurance of purchased machinery and equipment; purchase of snow and swamp vehicles and ATVs; materials for the creation and arrangement of reservoirs for fish farming; installation of gas equipment on self-propelled agricultural equipment; ownership of agricultural land; pre-fabricated hangars (purchase and installation); equipment for the disposal and / or storage of products / waste; installations and units for collecting rainwater and irrigation, pumping stations; boats: inflatable, motor and rowing boats, as well as parts for them; construction, repair and reconstruction of premises intended for animal husbandry
Up to 5 years for non-agricultural activities, in agricultural areas	Up to 5 years, subject to the maintenance of private household plots, for the purchase
agricultural tourism; folk crafts; trade in a specified area; rendering of services of a household nature to the population; collection, preparation and processing of berries, herbs, fruits, etc.	general transport; tractors and agricultural machines; specialized vans; equipment for trade and organization of catering units; machines for sericulture, beekeeping, livestock, poultry, feed production and work in the open field; welding, power and gas installations and units. Important! Part of the cost is paid from the farmer's own funds
*restrictions on the country of manufacture indicated for the acquisition may apply, most often financing is provided for cars produced in the territories of the Customs Union

You can familiarize yourself with the full list of goals provided by the Rosselkhozbank for loans to private household plots, as well as the decoding of product codes. Up to date as of 05/30/2018.

Attention! After receiving financing, the borrower is obliged to provide the bank with confirmation of the intended use of the loan funds.

Requirements for farmers

Individuals applying for a loan from a bank to expand farming are subject to a number of requirements that are different from private and commercial lending.

Table 2. Requirements of banks for borrowers

Requirement		Sberbank	Rosselkhozbank
Age	From (at the time of applying for a loan)	21	23
	Until (inclusive at the time of the return of the entire amount of the debt)	75	75
Citizenship		Strictly Russian Federation
Official employment*		Mandatory (provided that the salary is taken into account), the term of work in the last place is at least 6 months, total - at least 1 year over the last 5 years for third-party borrowers, and at least 3 months - without restrictions on length of service - for those who receive wages to an account with Sberbank	Required when obtaining a loan by a person who has been running a private household for less than 12 months. Work experience in the last place of work - at least 6 months, total - from 1 year over the last 5 years (with the exception of pensioners). For RSHB clients on wages and with a positive credit history in the bank, the requirement has been reduced to 3 months. at the last place of work and 6 months. total work experience
* Unemployed citizens can be provided with financing only on condition that income from private household plots is received for more than 12 months or state benefits and pensions are assigned
registration		Permanent / temporary, at the place of obtaining a loan and maintaining private household plots	Permanent registration on the territory of the Russian Federation
Additionally		The loan is provided to the person who is indicated in the household book by the first (main) owner	the presence of a personal subsidiary farm, reflected in the household book, on the territory of the bank's branch, to which the client applies for financing; the presence of a land plot for running private household plots, which is owned, the right of unlimited use or long-term lease; own tools, inventory and minimum buildings for conducting business, taking into account the specifics of the business; an entry in the household book of at least 12 months preceding the date of filing an application for funding

Important! If the land for running a personal subsidiary farm is used by the borrower under a lease agreement, then the loan term cannot exceed the period of its validity. The condition is applied by all banks issuing loans for the specified purposes.

An important criterion when considering an application for any loan is the borrower's credit history.

Loan security

Loans for private household plots involve the provision of collateral with liquid property and / or a guarantee of third parties in accordance with the requirements of a particular financial institution.

Table 3. Collateral claims of creditors

Security	Rosselkhozbank	Sberbank
Surety	At least 1 individual, a legal entity can act as an additional guarantor	Guarantee of natural persons is obligatory. No more than 2 contracts of surety of third parties are concluded
Liquid property	May be owned by the borrower, co-borrower or third party, including a legal entity	Optional, can be used as an additional condition following the results of the credit committee
Purchased machinery and equipment	When a loan is issued, the purpose of which is to acquire these funds, they are also pledged to the bank until the loan is repaid

Important! Banks have the same requirements for guarantors to individuals as for a borrower. At the same time, income from private household plots for which a loan is taken is not taken into account in calculating the solvency of guarantors and co-borrowers.

You can familiarize yourself with the full requirements of the RSHB for collateralized property.

Lending conditions at Rosselkhozbank and Sberbank

General conditions for lending to citizens of the Russian Federation for running personal subsidiary plots are applied on the basis of the norms approved by state legislative acts, however, financial institutions have the right to make adjustments to them. So, the conditions from Sberbank on a loan for private household plots differ from those offered by Rosselkhozbank.

Table 4. Lending conditions for private household plots

Characteristic		Sberbank	Rosselkhozbank
Funding currency		Russian ruble
Term, months		Minimum 3 months, maximum 23 or 59, according to the terms of the selected loan program	From 3 months to 24 or 60, depending on the purpose of financing
Prolongation of repayment due to seasonality of private household plots		Permissible	Yes, for loans up to 2 years - no more than 12 months, up to 5 years - no more than 24 months.
Security		Guarantee of individuals	Guarantee of individuals or legal entities, pledge of liquid and acquired property
Loan amount	Minimum	30 thousand rubles.	Not installed
	Maximum	RUB 1.5 million	Up to 1 million rubles. - for all borrowers; Up to 1.5 million rubles. - for the bank's clients who were recognized as "reliable" (previously received loans from the RSHB were repaid without violating the terms of the agreements)
Interest for use		17% per annum	All clients	11% - up to 12 months
				13% - from 12 to 60
			"Reliable"	10.5% - up to 12 months
				12.5% ​​- from 12 to 60
			Adjustment rates: + 2.5% for failure to submit documents on the intended use of funds; + 4.5% if the party to the transaction refuses to conclude a life insurance contract, if his age is less than 65 years, for persons who have reached the specified age + 5%
Issuance fee		Not provided	Absent
Procedure for receiving		In whole or in parts, to a card / current account or in cash	Lump sum to the current account with the Russian Agricultural Bank

Attention! The maximum credit limit means the total amount of loans issued to private household plots for the year.

To calculate the amount of repayment and overpayment on a loan for a private household plots in the Russian Agricultural Bank, a special calculator is provided on the company's website, which, among other things, will help determine the possible amount of government subsidies.

Subsidy from the state for a loan for private household plots

Agricultural development is an active government initiative. The segment is maintained and developed at the expense of budgetary funds, however, since 2013, the financing and subsidy programs for the industry have been largely reoriented to large manufacturers.

Receive a loan subsidy for private household plots, according to Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 396 of 03/31/2017(with changes and additions from 01.03.2018) Doc_3, only those farmers who have entered into a loan agreement can:

• from 01.01.2005 for a period of up to 5 years for the purchase of animals, equipment for processing agricultural products, animal husbandry, repair, reconstruction and construction, connection of gasification, with the amount of financing up to 700 thousand rubles;
• from 01.01.2007 for a period of up to 2 years for the purchase of fuels and lubricants, spare parts and materials for the repair of equipment, premises, young animals, fertilizers, seeds, veterinary drugs and payment of insurance premiums for insurance of agricultural products, while the total loan cannot exceed 300 thousand rubles.

State support is possible in the following volumes:

• up to 95% of the discount rate of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation under agreements concluded before 31.12.2012;
• for credit transactions executed from 01.01.2013, 2/3 of the refinancing rate established by the Central Bank of the Russian Federation.

Reimbursement to the farmer is agreed on the basis of the data received from the lender, including the amount of interest paid and the body of the loan, the balance of the debt and the documents provided confirming the intended use of the funds.

Important! Deals without targeted confirmation are not subsidized.

After agreeing on the provision of a subsidy for a loan, the amount due is transferred from the budget to the account of the credit institution within 30 calendar days, and from there to the account of the person who maintains a personal subsidiary farm.

How to get a loan for the development of private household plots

To receive a loan for maintaining a private household plots, the borrower, regardless of the financial institution in which the contract will be concluded, must be entered in the household book of the financed land. The terms of consideration and the procedure for issuing a loan may differ.

Table 5. Procedure for issuing a loan

The process of considering an application for a loan for private household plots begins after the farmer has provided a full package of documents required by the bank.

Required documents to take out a loan

Obtaining a loan is possible only if a potential borrower submits a package of documents, including personal information, proof of income, data on private household plots, pledge and surety papers.

Table 6. Required package of documents Employment book or other document confirming employment.

Documents for private household plots . Extract from the household book about the accounting of the borrower's private household plots Pledge registration Documents confirming ownership, a report on the assessment of the subject of pledge, insurance contracts, etc. Not required

Intended use documents

Interest rates indicated by banks as valid for loans to private household plots require the borrower to provide documents that reflect the intended use of the funds received. If the farmer does not provide the necessary papers on time, the rate will be increased to the value at which consumer loans are issued. When should the documents for the spent grant be submitted:

• in PJSC "Sberbank" you need to report within 90 days from the moment you managed to get a loan, regardless of the purpose;
• PJSC "Rosselkhozbank": acquisitions - 90 days, for the purchase of equipment that is pledged to the bank - up to 75 days, for complex repair and construction works, as well as gasification - 180 days.

For reference! The list of documents required to confirm the targeted use of funds is determined by the Ministry of Agriculture of Russia, you can get it at the time of the transaction from a bank employee based on the purpose of financing.

For many citizens, the maintenance of private household plots is becoming an alternative to hired work. With special loan programs, the farmer can avoid the seasonal financial gap and ensure business continuity. Reliable banking institutions should be considered as a lender so that obtaining a loan would help in the development of the economy.

Higher education. Orenburg State University (specialization: economics and management at heavy engineering enterprises).
June 8, 2018.