Many people start their day by looking at the weather forecast. To what mark will the thermometer rise? Will it rain? It turns out to be very important. Because you need to know what to wear to work today, whether to take an umbrella, whether you have to water the garden. And why it's raining? As a result of which weather phenomena life-giving moisture is poured on the earth? Why do you have to spend the day off at home?
What is rain like?
Precipitation varies in droplet size and intensity. The people still classify these atmospheric phenomena by temperature and duration. It turns out that learned world emits drizzling, thick and heavy rain. Ordinary people they are more inventive in this matter. They have warm and cold, mushroom rains and blind, boring and prolonged, so welcome, but short-lived.
Rain accompanies spring, summer and autumn. Sometimes goes in winter... Simultaneously with snow and hail.
And the rain can be stellar and meteorite, exotic and acidic, even radioactive. But these phenomena have little to do with the process of evaporation of moisture from the ground.
Have you ever wondered what they are - true reasons rain? Oh, do you have your own opinion on this matter, which you consider to be the only correct one? Oddly enough, all people also have their own opinion. So, maybe it's worth finding out what the real reasons for the rain are for them?
Here comes a young man, serious and anxious, with a tube in his hand. It is immediately evident - a student, who, if not him, know the true causes of the rain!
Well, you give! What are the reasons for the rain! Yes, every student knows this! At least he should know. Should I tell you about the water cycle in nature? About the fact that clouds are steam, it cools down and falls to the ground in the form of raindrops? Or are you asking what are in philosophical sense? Like, why does the grass grow, it rains, people die? Then I can't say anything, we will have philosophy only in the third year!
Nda-ah, a very clever student was caught! Although he didn’t really say anything - he didn’t want to talk about the water cycle in nature, and they didn’t tell them about the true causes of rain! Well, no fantasy!
Causes of the rain? What's this? Why is it raining? Ah-ah-ah, well, why - the Lord mourns human sins, here he comes! True, true, and there is no need to smile! When people were mired in sin, the Lord sent down on them global flood, the rain poured down for many days and nights in a row. But only after that the Lord promised not to send more floods, he felt sorry for the people! Since then, he only cries, weeps for our sins, here are the reasons for the rain, it's time for people to think about how they live!
Well, well - also a wow version! After all, no one has proved that there can be no such reasons for rain. So-a-ak, who's next? Aha, here is a schoolboy with a briefcase jumping on the lawn until the adults see and swear.
I know what causes of rain there are! This is the cycle of water in nature, we were told at school, water from rivers and seas evaporates, steam rises up into the sky, and it is cold in the sky, there the steam becomes water and goes, again it gets into the seas and rivers. And then again to the sky! Everything seems to be ... Ah! Also, the reasons for the rain are as follows - if there is no rain, then all life on earth will dry up and die, which is why it rains!
Such a smart guy! I put everything on the shelves. Go ahead, ask that little girl over there who, with a thoughtful look, is tormenting a chamomile, guessing, probably. Love, you know, is love even at 8 years old!
I don’t know the reasons for the rain, we haven’t been through school yet ... Probably, it rains when someone is sad, I’m always sad when it rains! And if, for example, you love someone, but they do not love you, then you too are sad, as if all good things are over ...
It is also quite possible, although it usually happens the other way around - and everyone becomes sad. Or maybe, indeed, the reasons for the rain are someone's universal sadness, gathered at one time on earth ...
Okay, we will not be very sad, we'd better ask that toddler who is thoughtfully poking around in the sandbox. And what? As you know, the mouth of a baby speaks the truth.
My mother did not tell me what are the reasons for the rain ... Why does it rain? I don't know ... Oh, no, I know! My grandmother told me that when it rains in the summer, angels piss on us from the sky! Therefore, I always hide from the rain!
Well, well - it's time to take stock. It seems that everyone should know that rain is a phenomenon caused by the water cycle in nature, some even remember it. But everyone still has their own point of view on what the reasons may be. Of course, I want to know what the true causes of rain are, but is it so important! And so at least we talked to people.
Do you have your own versions - what are the reasons for the rain?
The fact that the biosphere is influenced by various anthropogenic and natural processes, for a long time known fact... In particular, taking place in earthly atmosphere meteorological changes have a significant impact on the human body. So, for example, weather changes can cause headache, increase blood pressure, mental deviations, mental discomfort, etc. Tectonic, seismic, and cosmic processes have a similar effect on the human body. Quite often, deterioration occurs in the background magnetic storms, and extremely high solar activity. Typically suffer weather dependent people, and those who have a pathology of the cardiovascular system.
However, bad weather negatively affects the completely healthy person. Constant rains can cause anxiety, stress, and even depression. The fact that this is exactly the case is evidenced by the fact that at such a time people begin to actively purchase in pharmacies sedatives... And the reason is banally simple. V rainy weather a person is forced to constantly be in the room. He practically does not go out into the fresh air. As a result - oxygen starvation, stress, anxiety, depression.
The most interesting thing is that meteorological people feel the approach of rain long before it falls. This is expressed in conditions such as: migraine, increased blood pressure, asthma attacks, hormonal disruptions, anxiety, exacerbation of chronic diseases. Doctors say that such conditions are not particularly dangerous, although they radically worsen the quality of life. Have an ordinary person turns on before the rain defense mechanism, which can be expressed in the same drowsiness. The weather-dependent has no such protection. His body reacts to a change in the weather with a deterioration in his condition. Why this happens is not known for certain. Scientists cannot answer this question. Well, if so, then you just need to calm down and try not to pay attention to everything that happens.
And yet, the reason for the occurrence of the same migraine is not difficult to explain. It's all the fault of sharp fluctuations atmospheric pressure that cause similar changes in blood vessels. They also start to shrink. And if in a healthy person this process is painless, then in a cardiac sufferer - vascular diseases everything is somewhat different. The walls of his vessels have long lost their elasticity, and cannot instantly respond to meteorological changes. On the eve of rain, oxygen starvation sets in, and the brain gives a command to dilate blood vessels. However, they cannot fulfill it, which leads to a violation of the blood circulation process. Here is the cause of the headache. You can correct the situation with the help of drugs, but for this you need to undergo an examination and consult a doctor. The easiest way to get rid of a migraine is to get out into the fresh air to replenish the lack of oxygen in the body.
Sometimes meteorological dependence manifests itself in the form of shortness of breath, heart pain, angina pectoris. It's all to blame high humidity air, which slows down the rate of movement of blood in the vessels and disrupts its coagulability. Such conditions can be stopped only by walking on fresh air and taking vasodilators.
People suffering from rheumatism and joint diseases strongly react to rainy weather. In anticipation of the rain, their bones begin to ache. Such people are jokingly called living barometers. The reason for these conditions, paradoxically, is also associated with changes in atmospheric pressure. In this case, the person has increased pressure in the joints, which leads to pain. Pain relieving ointments, swimming in the pool, sauna can help in this case.
Asthmatics also feel weather changes. At this time, they cannot do without an inhaler and drugs that relieve suffocation syndrome. To alleviate the condition, you need to diversify your diet with fresh vegetables and fruits, fish and lean meats. Salty, smoked and spicy should be discarded.
For most people, weather changes can cause nervous disorders... They become irritable and aggressive. Dizziness, sweating, weakness can be added to all this. You can stop such conditions using drugs called adaptogens. This is the same tincture of hawthorn, or eleutherococcus. Well, insomnia will help to cope with an infusion of sedative herbs, which can be purchased at any pharmacy. Warm relaxing baths, with the addition of pine extract and sea salt, perfectly soothe the nerves.
In general, on such days you need to rest more, if possible, walk in the fresh air, avoid strong physical activity, do not consume alcohol, give up tobacco, eat more vegetables and fruits, do not be nervous. Good mood and positive emotions will help you cope with weather dependence. You must understand that nature has no bad weather and all weather is grace!
Rain is one of the most common weather events. However, not everyone knows why it is raining, although this information was given by teachers in elementary grades. The world water cycle begins with heat exposure. Under the scorching rays of the sun, liquid evaporates from the surfaces of reservoirs, rivers, seas and oceans. It turns into steam and rushes upward. In countries with high humidity small bubbles can be easily seen.
Reasons for the appearance
The sciences that study any type of precipitation are called meteorology and climatology. They identify 4 main reasons:
- Sublime landforms.
- Upward movement of air masses.
- The presence of water vapor, which contributes to the formation of precipitation in the form of rain.
- Meeting and interaction of streams of cold and warm air.
You can do a little experiment at home and see clearly how the world water cycle takes place.
To do this, you need to take a small container, fill it with water and put it on the fire to boil. Cover the pot with a transparent lid. When the liquid heats up, it begins to turn into steam, and small droplets begin to accumulate on the surface of the lid, and then fall back into a pot of boiling water and turn into steam again.
Upward movements
The sun's rays heat the earth, and the process of moisture evaporation begins. This happens not only with the soil, but also with water surfaces. The evaporated liquid is in the air. According to the laws of physics, warm air moves to the upper atmosphere along with the water bubbles that it contains.
Basic physical concepts - absolute humidity(the amount of vapor that is present in the air at the moment) and relative (in relation to the humidity that is observed at a given temperature). The hotter the air, the more water vapor it contains.
All air currents contain moisture, but the higher it rises, the lower the air temperature becomes. It begins to condense and clouds appear in the sky. When the temperature reaches the bottom, and the cloud is no longer able to hold the amount of moisture that it contains, it starts to rain.
The process is similar to what happens with ascending air masses. The precipitation rule works only if the water bubbles have somewhere to come from - from a leaf plate, water surface, freshly plowed soil, etc.
But if a person is, for example, in the Sahara Desert, Sun rays will not cause rain, since moisture has nowhere to come from.
I asked this question to my mother at the age of five. We then rested on a forest lake. The weather was wonderful and I didn't get out of the water. But, one day, the weather turned badly - it started to rain. He poured straight from the clear sky. I had to climb out of the water. I was very upset then and asked my mother: "Why did it rain?" She answered my childish question very seriously.
Why is it raining
It turns out that this happens when water vapor immediately enters a cold air flow... There it cools and turns into droplets. This summer rain is called "blind". Its drops are warm and large. And in the fall, on the contrary, rain splashes like cologne from a spray bottle. Why? Because the autumn air is already cold and ice floes, forming at high altitudes, then, falling down, melt more slowly. And they merge with each other more lazily. So it turns out a cold, drizzling, "dank" rain. Often before the rain, white clouds can be seen gathering into one large dark cloud. It is dark from what it contains a large number of moisture that does not pass sunlight... Sometimes, individual drops freeze due to the low temperature. They fall down with raindrops - it goes hail.
Causes of rain
The science that studies different types of precipitation is called meteorology... She highlighted 4 main reasons for the formation of rain:
- warm humid air rises upward. The warmer the air, the more moisture it retains;
- there must be enough moisture in the water vapor to then become rain;
- meeting of warm air masses with cold ones. It is called " atmospheric front". How more difference their temperatures, the stronger the rain;
- the presence of mountains and hills. At the top of the mountain, the temperature drops and the moisture turns into clouds, which then rain down.
Our conversation by the lake continued at home. We decided to arrange The water cycle... They took a pot of water, put it on the fire and waited. Very soon steam began to rise and settle on the lid of the pan in the form of droplets. The drops merged and fell down to rise again in the form of vapor upward. And so it was repeated over and over again. It was raining in the pan.
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It just so happened that I was born in St. Petersburg - a city that is famous throughout Russia for its rainy weather. Someone who, but I know everything about rains. And about how cold drops gently stroke your face, and about why they even roll down on us from the sky - that is, why does it rain in principle.
What is rain and where does it come from
We all know perfectly well that the planet we live on has a very large water shell. It:
- Rivers.
- Seas.
- Oceans.
- Lakes.
And many other bodies of water different sizes.
It often seems to us that the water from them does not disappear anywhere, but in fact it is not. All water on earth is under the influence solar heat evaporatesfilling the atmosphere with tiny droplets.
The wind gathers them into heaps - clouds. There the droplets come together become hardere- and go down. This phenomenon is called rain.
Why is it cloudy during the rain
You've probably noticed: almost always, when it rains, the sky is darkening and the sun is hiding. In fact, it is simply obscured by clouds - large and dark. The ones in which future raindrops are stored.
There are so many of them that the sun's rays cannot break through through such a barrier. That is why the clouds seem so dark to us - we call them clouds. For the same reason and the weather becomes cloudy.
We rain a little too
The most interesting thing is that the rain carries a part of each of us. Every animal, plant and even man.
The fact is that in living organisms to some extent or me water is present... When the sun warms us up, it is very important to cool down in time.
In animals and humans, thermoregulation occurs with the help of sweat - small droplets of liquid protrude through the pores onto the surface of the skin - and under the influence of the Sun they too evaporate eventually returning to the ground in the form of precipitation.
Why does it rain most often in autumn?
In fact, this is not at all the case. Scientists analyzed the frequency of rainfall - and it turned out that they go even more often in summer! And the most rainy month on average in Russia - June.
And other countries have their own rainy seasons – in vietnam for example it lasts from May to November.
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For me rain - boats in puddles, rubber boots and multicolored rainbow ... Without rain life is unthinkable on our planet. The rain brings sedation of course if you don't have to get wet under it at the bus stop :(
What is rain
Clouds that we see in the sky are concentration of the smallest particles of water that were raised from the ground after fumes... These particles are so microscopic that are able to free floating in the air... In the clouds going on circulation of cold and warm streams air, which carry away moisture particles. Those particles, what bigger and are in the middle layers of the cloud, move upflow in upper layer... There temperature below, and cooled droplets go down attracting more small... This movement takes place until drops not get heavy so much that they can no longer be raised, and then, under the influence of their own masses, drops rush down, turning into rain.
However, not always rain has such a nature. Similarly, precipitation is formed only in tropics... V our area, in view of climatic features , the temperature in the upper layers of the cloud is almost always below zero... Thus, when hitting the top layer, particles turn into microscopic ice crystals... Over time, from crystals snowflakes are forming... Thanks to all the same forces snowflakes rush down while passing warm layers of the atmosphere turn into droplets and then outside the window we see rain.
What rains are there
Rain- one of the most familiar to man weather manifestations... It happens long-awaited, dangerous, useful, calming... There are several types of rain:
- blind;
- thunderstorm;
- hail;
- snow;
- bathing;
- shower;
- drizzling;
- strip;
- oblique;
- sieve;
- mushroom.
By applying figurative meaning, we can also mention such a phenomenon as meteor Rain - combustion of several, and sometimes more than a hundred meteorite bodies at the same time.
Measurement of precipitation
Rain- this is one of the varieties precipitation... To analyze the amount of precipitation, meteorologists collect raindrops in special cylinders... The thickness of the water in millimeters will be the value indicating rainfall... V Moscow throughout the year the level of precipitation reaches 670 mm., and in South America , in desert Atacama, the average is 0.1 mm. The most rainy place on Earth - the island of Kauai in the group Hawaiian Islands ... Here the level reaches 11750 mm... It's hard to believe, but in the year there Heavy rains for 350 days.
How the clouds disperse
In reality, the clouds do not disperse, but create conditions for precipitation fell at a considerable distance from the place where good clear weather ... To do this, from the leeward side, from aircraft, spray granulated dry ice or silver iodide crystals... Upon entering the cloud, the reagent forms a snowflakeand, the water crystallizes, and it starts to rain.
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Questions like this begin to worry the child even in early age... I remember when I was little and got wet in the rain and asked my grandmother "what is this?" and "where does water come from in the sky?", and she tried to explain it all to me on her fingers. Already at school, I received an answer to my question from the teachers in a more detailed way. Now I will try to be a teacher. So let's talk about what rain is and where it comes from.
The water cycle in nature
Just as a person sweats profusely on a sultry day, so too When the earth heats up, moisture evaporates... Rising up and gradually cooling water vapor condenses as clouds, first in them small droplets are collected which are held in the atmosphere by air resistance, but the further the drops become heavier and heavier. Having reached some critical mass, they already can't hold in the cloud and fall to the ground in the form of precipitation... Depending on the conditions the environment several types of precipitation can form:
- Rain.
- Snow. At negative temperatures water vapor rising up can bypass the liquid stage and immediately turn into solid snowflakes, which, falling below, gradually melt and take the form of snow familiar to us.
- Grad. When evaporated moisture rises too high into the upper atmosphere, it can crystallize at sub-zero temperatures. Crystals of frozen water have heavy weight and it is quite difficult for them to stay in the cloud. In this case, we see the fallout of "solid rain" or a simple "hail".
- The rain caused weather forecasts to appear on the radio. Once the owner of a popular American radio stations was on the street when it rained and then ordered to establish new heading in which they will tell about possible rain several times a day.
- In hot Botswana and South Africa the national currency is called "rain".
- About one in a million people are allergic to rain. When exposed to water, a person turns red and becomes stained, if you do not provide timely assistance, then he may even die.
- in 1986, a hail fell from the sky from the weight of one hailstone more than a kilogram, then 92 people died from this phenomenon.
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At school we were fluently explained why it was raining. So fluently that the fragile brain of the second graders could not master such a quick, short and at the same time clever explanation. From that explanation, I only remember that this is part of " water cycle". Then the whole class (or rather, only those who were interested) went to the library, took, as I remember now, the encyclopedia" Erudite "and began to search. which are also a lot.
Why does it rain
First you need to understand why it rains and where the water for the rain comes from. Water is taken from steam - clouds. It gets there when the sun heats the surface of the earth / bodies of water and moisture from these surfaces evaporates, the steam later rises up and collects in clouds in the sky. In addition to water from the surface of the earth, there is evaporation from living objects. People sweat, just excess water evaporate and are derived from since and stomata plants too evaporate excess water... All this water goes into the formation of rain.
Rain mechanism
Let's take a look at several mechanisms. First:
- In the sky from behind cold temperature steam condenses into light droplets who are still not heavy enough to fall.
- Drops are moving in the sky chaotic.
- Sometimes they collide and merge into larger.
- Larger drops much heavier than the original ones and therefore they are under the influence of gravity fall down.
- Low temperature in stock high humidity makes condense steam in more large droplets.
- These droplets too heavy to soar in the clouds.
- Drops by attraction fall down and rain down on the ground.
As you can easily see, in this case, there is no chaotic movement of the drops.
Third mechanism:
Meet in the sky warm air masses and cold air masses... Cold air cools warm air and then two ways. First, the air is not very cold and he starts condense and formed raindrops that fall down. The second way - the air cools so much that the droplets freeze and snowing.
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The world is full of a wide variety of phenomena, and in ancient times, many of them were considered a real miracle. What can I say about the ancients, if I myself thought so in my childhood. When I grew up, I learned more about the world around me, and the rain, from an extraordinary miracle for me, became just a natural phenomenon.
What did the ancient Slavs say about rain
Myths and legends were formed by our ancestors for centuries. The plots were most often based on phenomena that were considered mystical. Today hardly anyone would agree that rain is a message higher powers... The rain was both punishment and salvation for people: if it rained in a dry year, the people thanked heaven for the mercy, and if it rained without stopping, they were angry at the punishment sent.
Modern rain science
Rain is a long process. The clouds that we see every day in the sky contain water droplets in constant movement... In the cloud itself, the droplets "meet" each other and form larger droplets. How do these droplets get into the clouds? Quite simply: The sun warms the water on the surface:
- ocean;
- seas;
- rivers;
- puddles.
The water begins to evaporate and rise gradually upward, forming the very clouds. It is difficult to think that such a miracle can be explained so easily.
What is acid rain
Acid rain is an extremely unpleasant thing and it is better to never face such a phenomenon. Such rain is called any precipitation that has arisen as a result of air pollution with nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides and other acidic oxides. How does it appear acid rain? Basically, you can say “thank you” for such a negative phenomenon to various enterprises producing cars, heat and electricity.
Places on Earth where they don't know about rain
Many scientists believe that there are no such places. Even in the hottest deserts, it will rain a little at least once a year and for at least a couple of minutes. But the wettest place on the planet is: the village of Mosinram in India. It doesn't rain there every day without stopping, but annual quantity rainfall forces people to admit that there is no need to suffer from a lack of water in this area.
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All of us at least once in our life had the opportunity to watch the rain. Be it small, slightly dripping, or pouring, generously watering nature. Let's try to explain why is it raining? Rain is rainfall that falls from clouds in the form of water droplets.
There are different types of rain
The rain is barely noticeable, but it happens, on the contrary, torrential, frightening. Views:
- drizzling;
- showers;
- "blind";
- dry.
More than once I observed how slightly dripping raindrops smoothly turned into a light rain, which eventually ended in a heavy downpour, and sometimes even hail. We all know from school that rain drops have a diameter up to 0.5 millimeters... If they are smaller in diameter, then such precipitation is not called rain, but drizzle.
So why is it raining?
In order for it to rain, you need a cloud from ice crystals or the smallest water droplets, or both. Most heavy rains go exactly when there is a mixture of crystals in the cloud ice and drops water.
At first, the water droplets in the cloud resemble water dust. Such droplets-dust particles move upward, and when the flow weakens, they begin to fall very slowly - at a speed of 1-2 centimeters per second. Further water stream drives up and all cloud. And since the air temperature drops every 100 meters, the droplets gradually turn into the smallest pieces of ice. The most interesting thing is just beginning ... Ice floes and droplets collide with each other, merge or freeze, become more and more difficult and, finally, rush to the ground. On the way, the ice floes melt and fall to the ground in the form of drops. It happens that in cloudsNopieces of ice, then a small one falls to the ground, as from a sieve, drizzling rain.
Shower
Downpour we used to call the rain so strong when it falls in a minute more than one millimeterprecipitation. But this indicator can be higher.
"Blind Rains"
When the sun is shining and not a cloud is visible, a haze appears overhead. On the ground spank loudly large drops. Water vapor does not have time to collect in a cloud, as a stream of cold air rushed over them.
Having figured it out, why is it raining we understand how multifaceted and amazing nature is, how to properly manage its resources, giving us these gifts!
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