The earth is surrounded by a magnetic field. It is it that makes the compass arrow to point to the north and protects our atmosphere from constant bombing of charged particles from space, such as protons. Without a magnetic field, our atmosphere will slowly disappear under the influence of harmful radiation, and life almost certainly cannot exist in the form we see today.
Geomagnetic inversions
You may think that the magnetic field is an infinite, constant aspect of life on Earth, and to some extent will be right. But the magnetic field of the Earth actually changes. Approximately once a few hundred thousand years or so it turns over. The North Pole varies in places with southern. And when this happens, the magnetic field also tends to become very weak.
Anomaly of South Atlantic
Currently, Geophysicians are disturbing awareness that the power of the magnetic field of the Earth is reduced over the past 160 years with a threatening rate. This collapse is concentrated in the huge space of the southern hemisphere and extends from Zimbabwe to Chile. It is known as an anomaly of the South Atlantic. The magnetic field strength in this place is so weak that it even creates a danger to satellites that are in the orbit of land over this area. The magnetic field no longer protects them from radiation, which creates interference for satellite electronics. 
Magnetic field reversal consequences
But that's not all. The power of the magnetic field continues to weaken, potentially foreshadowing even more dramatic events, including the global reversal of magnetic poles. Such a significant change will affect our navigation systems, as well as the transmission of electricity. Northern radiance can be seen on different latitudes. In addition, at very low values \u200b\u200bof the field force during the global reversal of the Earth's surface will reach more radiation, which can also affect the incidence of cancer.
Scientists still do not fully understand the extent to which these effects will be achieved, so their research is particularly relevant. They use some, possibly unexpected data sources, including 700-year-old African archaeological entries to explore this issue. 
Origin of the magnetic field of the Earth
The magnetic field of the Earth is created due to the presence of iron in the liquid external kernel of our planet. Thanks to these observatories and satellites, which are studying the magnetic field lately, scientists can simplify how it will look like if we placed the compass directly above the swirling liquid core of the Earth.
Spot reverse polarity
These analyzes show an amazing feature: Below to the southern part of Africa there is a spill of reverse polarity on the border of the nucleus and the mantle, where the liquid iron of the outer core occurs with the rigid part of the ground. In this area, the polarity of the field is opposite to the average global magnetic field. If we were able to establish a compass deep under the southern part of Africa, it would see that in this unusual area of \u200b\u200bthe arrow, determining the north, in fact indicate south. 
This stain is the main culprit of the anomalies in the South Atlantic. With numerical simulation, unusual spots, similar to it, appeared immediately before geomagnetic inversions.
In the history of the planet, the magnetic poles changed quite often, but the last reversal occurred in the distant past, about 780 thousand years ago. Taking into account the rapid decline in the power of the magnetic field in the last 160 years, the question arises about what happened before.
Study of archaeomagnetism
During archelor's studies, geophysics and archaeologists are trying to learn about the past magnetic field. For example, clay, which was used for the manufacture of ceramic products, contains a small amount of magnetic minerals, such as magnetite. When clay heated in the process of creating ceramics, its magnetic minerals lost magnetism, which they may have had. When cooled, they fixed the direction and intensity of the magnetic field at the time. If you can determine the age of ceramics (using radiocarbon dating, for example), it also appears a chance to restore the archeological history. 
Thanks to the use of this kind of data, scientists have a partial history of archeology for the northern hemisphere. In contrast, these recordings are very scarce in the southern hemisphere. In particular, there are practically no data from South Africa, and after all, this region, along with South America, could provide a better understanding of the history of the appearance of modern anomaly.
Archaeomagnetic History of South Africa
But the ancestors of modern southern Africans, metallurgists and farmers who began to migrate in this region about 2000-1500 years ago, accidentally left us some tips. These people of the Iron Age lived in the huts built from clay and stored grain in the fortified clay bunkers. As the first angroms of the Iron Century in the southern part of Africa, they relied on the amount of precipitation. 
These communities often reacted for the time of drought by the rituals of purification, which attracted the burning of granaries. These several tragic events for ancient people were ultimately a blessing for the study of archeology. As well as in the case of burning and cooling ceramic products, clay in the granaries recorded the magnetic field of the Earth when it was cooled. Since these ancient huts and grain bins are sometimes intact, scientists can with their help to obtain data on the direction and power of the magnetic field at the time.
Scientists focused on the selection of samples from the standings of the Iron Age, which dance the Valley of the Limpopo River. 
Flow magnetic field
Sampling in the length of the Limpopo River provided the first data on the magnetic field of the southern part of Africa between 1000 and 1600 of our era. Scientists have found that around 1300 the magnetic field strength in this area has been reduced as quickly as today. Then its intensity has increased, albeit a slower pace.
The appearance of two quick-breakdown intervals of the field - about 700 years ago and modern - involves the opposite phenomenon. Perhaps, in South Africa, a similar anomaly regularly appeared, and it is older than the data showed? If so, why is it repeated in the same place?
Over the past decade, researchers have accumulated the tests of seismic waves of earthquakes. Since seismic waves move through the layers of the Earth, the speed with which they travel is a layer density indicator. Now scientists know that the large area of \u200b\u200bslow seismic waves characterizes the main border of the mantle under the southern part of Africa. 
This particular region, most likely, has age in tens of millions of years, and its borders are clear. It is interesting to note that the stain of reverse polarity almost coincides with its eastern edge.
Scientists believe that an unusual African mantle changes the iron flow in the active zone from the bottom, which, in turn, changes the behavior of the magnetic field to the edge of the seismic region and the spots of reverse polarity.
It is assumed that this area is growing rapidly, and then slowly returns to normal. From time to time, one spot of reverse polarity can achieve sufficiently large sizes to dominate the magnetic field of the southern hemisphere. 
How inversion occurs
The traditional idea of \u200b\u200binversion is that it can begin anywhere in the nucleus. However, the new conceptual model assumes that there may be special places on the border of the core and the mantle, which contribute to these magnetic field reversals. So far, it is not known whether the modern magnetic field will begin to decrease in the next few thousand years, or it will simply continue to weaken over the next two centuries.
But the evidence provided by the ancestors of modern South Africans would undoubtedly help scientists further study the inversion mechanism offered by them. If this idea is true, the reversal of the poles can begin in Africa.
For what you need the magnetic field of the Earth, you will learn from this article.
What is the meaning of the magnetic field of the Earth?
First of all, it protects artificial satellites and inhabitants of the planet from the action of particles from space. These include charged, ionized solar wind particles. When they fall into our atmosphere, the magnetic field changes their trajectory of motion and directs along the field line.
In addition, in the era of new technologies, we entered through our magnetic field. All modern, advanced devices that work using a variety of memory drives (discs, cards) - depend directly from the magnetic field. Its tension and stability directly affects absolutely all information, computer systems, since all the information necessary for their proper operation is placed on magnetic media.
Therefore, it can be said with confidence that the prosperity of modern civilization, the "vitality" of its technologies closely depends on the state of the magnetized field of our planet.
What is the magnetic field of the Earth?
Magnetic field of land It is an area around the planet, where magnetic forces are affected.
As for its origin, this issue is still not allowed. But most of the researchers are inclined to the fact that our planet is obliged to have a magnetic field. It consists of inner solid and outer liquid parts. The rotation of the Earth contributes to constant flows in the liquid core. And this leads to the occurrence of a magnetic field around them.
Most of the planets of the solar system have magnetic fields to one degree or another. If they are placed in a row to reduce the dipole magnetic moment, then the picture will be obtained: Jupiter, Saturn, Earth, Mercury and Mars. The main cause of its occurrence is the presence of a liquid core.
To understand the concept of a magnetic field, you need to connect the imagination. Earth is a magnet with two poles. Of course, the magnitude of this magnet is very different from the usual people of red-blue magnets, but the essence remains the same. Magnetic power lines come out of the southern and go to the ground near the northern magnetic pole. These invisible lines, as if enveloping the planet with the shell, form the Earth's magnetosphere.
Magnetic poles are relatively close to the geographic poles. Periodically, the magnetic poles change the location - every year they move 15 kilometers away.
This "shield" of the Earth is created inside the planet. The outer metal liquid core produces electric currents due to the movement of the metal. These currents and generate the power lines of the magnetic field.
Why do you need a magnetic shell? It holds particles of ionosphere, which, in turn, support the atmosphere. As is known, the atmosphere layers protect the planet from deadly cosmic ultraviolet radiation. The magnetosphere itself also protects the land from radiation, repulcing the carriers of its solar winds. Do not be at the Earth "Magnetic Shield", there would be no atmosphere, and life on the planet would not have arisen.
The value of the magnetic field in magic
Esoterics have long been interested in the earth's magnetosphere, believing that it can be used in magic. It has long been known that the magnetic field affects the magical abilities of a person: the stronger the effect of the field, the weaker the ability. Some practices use this information, affecting their enemies with magnets, which also reduce witchcraft.
A person is able to feel a magnetic field. As with which organs it happens until it is not clear. However, some magicians studying human capabilities believe that it can be used. For example, many believe that it is possible to transmit thoughts and energy by connecting to streams.
Also practices believe that the magnetic field of the Earth affects the aura of a person, making it more or less visible for clairvoyant. If you study this feature in more detail, you can learn how to hide your aura from foreign eyes, thereby reinforcing our own protection.
Magi-Lekari often use conventional magnets in healing. This is called magnetotherapy. However, if you can treat people with conventional magnets, the gigantic magnetosphere of the Earth can give even greater results in the treatment. Perhaps there are already practices that have learned how to use the general magnetic field for such purposes.
Another direction that uses magnetic power is to search for people. Configuring magnetic devices, the practice can detect with their help the place where one or another person is located without referring to other dimensions.
Bioenergetics also actively use magnetic waves for their own purposes. With it, they can clean a person from damage and subtles, as well as brushing his aura and karma. Enhancement or relaxing magnetic waves, which are connected by all people on the planet, you can make lovers and challenges.
Affecting magnetic streams, you can control energy flows in the human body. So some practices can affect the psyche and the activity of the human brain, to instill thoughts and become energy vampires.
However, the most important direction of magic, in the development of which will help the understanding of the force laid in the magnetic field - is levitation. The ability to fly and move the objects by air long ago excuses the minds of the dreamers, but practices consider such skills quite likely. Proper appeal to natural forces, knowledge of the esoteric side of geomagnetic fields and a sufficient amount of forces can help the magicians to fully move in the air.
Another electromagnetic field of the Earth has one curious property. Many magicians suggest that this is also an information field of the Earth from which you can learn all the information you need.
Magnetotherapy
Particularly interesting method of using magnetic fields in esoteric is magnetic therapy. Most often, such treatment occurs due to ordinary magnets or magnetic devices. With their help, the magicians treat people both from physical body diseases and from a variety of magical negative. Such treatment is considered extremely effective, as it shows a positive result even in the launched cases of the destructive effects of black magic.
The most common method of treatment with a magnet is associated with the perturbation of energy fields at the time of the collision of the eponymous poles of the magnet. Such a simple effect of magnetic waves of the biopolis makes the energy of a person sharply shake and start actively producing "immunity": literally breaking and push out the magic negative. The same applies to body diseases and psyche, as well as karmic negative: the power of the magnet can contribute to the cleansing of any contamination of the soul and body. Magnet is similar to energy for domestic forces.
Only some practices are able to use the strength of a huge earthly infopole. If you learn how to work correctly with the energy information field, you can achieve stunning results. Little magnets are extremely effective in esoteric practices, and the power of the whole earth magnet will give much more opportunities for managing the forces.
The state of the magnetic field is currently
Realizing the value of the geomagnetic field, it is impossible not to be horrified by learning that it gradually disappears. The last 160 years its strength is reduced, and in a terrific rapid pace. While another person practically does not feel the impact of this process, but the moment when the problems begin, getting closer every year.
The South Atlantic Anomaly is so called a huge area of \u200b\u200bthe surface of the Earth in the southern hemisphere, where the geomagnetic field today weakens a more visible. No one knows what this change is connected with. It is assumed that in the 22nd century the next global change of magnetic poles will occur. What this will lead, can be understood by studying the information about the field value.
Geomagnetic background today weakens unevenly. If, in general, it fell 1-2% on the surface of the earth, then at the point of anomaly - by 10%. Simultaneously with the decrease in the field strength, the ozone layer disappears, which is why ozone holes occur.
Scientists do not yet know how to stop this process, and believe that with a decrease in the field, the Earth will gradually die. However, some magicians are confident that during the period of the magnetic field decline, the magical abilities of people grow steadily. Due to this by the time when the field almost completely disappears, people will be able to manage all the forces of nature, thereby saving lives on the planet.
Many magicians are confident that natural cataclysms and strong changes in the lives of people occur due to the weak geomagnetic background. The intense political situation, changes in the general moods of humanity and the growing number of cases of the disease they are associated with this process.
- Magnetic poles are changing at about once every 2.5th century. The North goes to the south satellite, and vice versa. No one knows the causes of the origin of this phenomenon, and how such movements affect the planet, is also unknown.
- Due to the formation inside the globe of magnetic currents there are earthquakes. Currents cause the movement of tectonic plates, which cause high scallery earthquakes.
- The magnetic field is the cause of the arms of the northern light.
- People and animals live under the constant influence of the magnetosphere. In humans, this is usually expressed by the reactions of the body for magnetic storms. Animals are influenced by the electromagnetic stream, they find the right road - for example, birds are focused on them when migration. Also, turtles and other animals feel where there are, thanks to this phenomenon.
- Some scientists believe that life in Mars is impossible precisely because of its lack of a magnetic field. This planet is quite suitable for life, but is unable to repel the radiation, which ruins the root all the lively, which could exist on it.
- Magnetic storms arising from the outbreaks in the sun affect the condition of people and electronics. The power of the Earth's magnetosphere is not so large to completely resist flashes, so 10-20% of the outbreak energy are felt on our planet.
- Despite the fact that the phenomenon of changes in magnetic poles studied little, it is known that during the change in the configuration of the poles, the Earth is more susceptible to radiation exposure. Some scientists believe that dinosaurs were extincted in one of these periods.
- The history of the development of the biosphere coincides with the development of Earth's electromagnetism.
Each person is important to own at least the basic information about the geomagnetic field of the Earth. And those who practice magic, the more worth paying attention to this data. Perhaps soon practitioners will be able to know new methods of using these forces in esoteric, thereby increasing its strength and giving the world new important information.
reference
Gauss (Russian GS designation, international - G) - unit of measurement of magnetic induction in the SSS system. Named in honor of German physics and mathematician Karl Friedrich Gauss.
1 Gs \u003d 100 mkl;
1 TL \u003d 104 GS.
It can be expressed through the main units of measurement of the SGS system as follows: 1 Gs \u003d 1 g 1/2. CM -1/2 .С -1.
Experience
A source: Textbooks of physics in magnetism, Berklievsky course.
Topic: M.agrit fields in substance.
Purpose: Find out how different substances react to a magnetic field.
Imagine some experiences with a very strong field. Suppose we made a solenoid with an internal diameter of 10 cm and 40 cm long.
1. The design of the coil creating a strong magnetic field. The cross section of the winding is shown in which cooling water flows. 2. Field curve in 2 on the axis of the coil.
Its external diameter is 40 cm and most of the space is filled with copper winding. Such a coil will provide a permanent field of 30,000 gsin the center, if you take 400 to it kwelectrical power and supply with water about 120 l. per minute to remove heat.
These specific data are given in order to show that although the device does not represent anything extraordinary, it is still a pretty authentic laboratory magnet.
The magnitude of the field in the center of the magnet is about 10 5 times the magnetic field of the Earth and, probably, 5 or 10 times the field near any magnetic iron rod or horseshoe magnet!
Near the center of the solenoid, the field is quite uniformly and is reduced by approximately twice on the axis near the ends of the coil.
conclusions
So, as experiments show, in such magnets the size of the field (that is, induction or tension) both inside the magnet and outside almost five orders of magnitude exceeds the magnitude of the land field.
Also, only twice - not "at times!" - It is smaller outside the magnet.
And at the same time, 5-10 times more power of an ordinary permanent magnet.
The average tension of the earth field on the surface is about 0.5E (5.10 -5 T.)
However, already in several hundred meters (if not dozens) from such a magnet, the compass magnetic arrow does not respond to any inclusion or turn off the current.
At the same time, it reacts well to the field of the Earth or its anomaly at the slightest change in position. What does it say about?
First of all, about an explicitly understated figure of the induction of the magnetic field of the Earth - that is, not the induction itself, but how we measure it.
We measure the reaction of the frame with the current, the angle of its rotation in the magnetic field of the Earth.
Any magnetometer is built on the measurement principle not directly, but indirectly:
Only by the nature of the change in the value of tension;
Only on the surface of the Earth, near her in the atmosphere and in the Middle Space.
The source of the field with a specific maximum we do not know. We measure only the difference between the size of the field at different points, and the tension gradient does not change too much with a height. No mathematical calculations with a maximum definition when using a classic approach do not work here.
Effect of magnetic field - experiments
It is known that even strong magnetic fields do not have virtually no effect on chemical and biochemical processes. You can put your hand (without manual hours!) In a solenoid with a field at 30 kgfwithout any noticeable consequences. It is difficult to say to which class of substances your hand belongs to Paramagnets or diamagnets, but the force acting on it will be, in any case, no more than several grams. Whole generations of mice were excreted and grown in strong magnetic fields that did not have a noticeable influence on them. Other biological experiments also did not discovery the attention of magnetic effects on biological processes.
Important to remember!
It will not be correct to assume that weak effects always pass without consequences. Such reasoning could lead to the conclusion that the severity does not have an energy value in a molecular scale, but, nevertheless, the trees on the hillside are growing vertically. The explanation seems to be in the total strength acting on the biological object, the dimensions of which are many more than the dimensions of the molecule. Indeed, a similar phenomenon ("tropism") was experimentally demonstrated in the case of seedlings growing in the presence of a very inhomogeneous magnetic field.
By the way, if you put the head into a strong magnetic field and shake it, then you will feel the "taste" of the electrolytic current in the mouth, which is proof of the presence of the induced electromotive force.
When interacting with the substance, the role of magnetic and electric fields is different. Since atoms and molecules consist of slowly moving electrical charges, electrical forces with molecular processes dominate the magnetic.
conclusions
The impact of the magnetic field of such a magnet on biological objects is not more than bite of mosquito. Any living creature or plant is constantly under the influence of earthly magnetism much stronger.
Therefore, it is not noticeable for the action of an incorrectly measured field.
Calculations
1 Gauss \u003d 1 10 -4 Tesla.
The unit of tension of the geomagnetic field (T) in the SI system is the ampere per meter (a / m). Another Ersted (E) or Gamma (D) (D), equal to 10 -5 E., was also used in the magnetic appendix. However, a practically measured magnetic field parameter is magnetic induction (or magnetic flux density). The unit of magnetic induction in the SI system is Tesla (TL). In MagnitoProduction, a smaller nanotela unit (NTL) is used, equal to 10 -9 T. Since for most media in which the magnetic field is studied (air, water, the absolute majority of non-magnetic sedimentary rocks), then the magnetic field of the Earth can be measured either in units of magnetic induction (in NTL), or in the corresponding field strength - gamma.
The figure shows the complete tension of the magnetic field of the Earth for the 1980 era of the insulance of the tons were carried out after 4 mkl (from the book P.Sharma "Geophysical Methods in Regional Geology").
In this way
On the poles, the vertical components of magnetic induction are approximately equal to 60 mkl, and horizontal - zero. At the equator, the horizontal component is approximately 30 mkl, and the vertical is zero.
It is thus the modern science of geomagnetism has long been abandoned from the basic principle of magnetism, two magnets located on each other seek to connect with multi-poles.
That is, judging by the last phrase at the Equator of Power (vertical component), which attracts the magnet to the ground is not! How and repulsive!
Such two magnets do not attract? That is, there is no strength of attraction, but is the power of stretching? Nonsense!
But on the poles with this location of the magnet, it is, but the horizontal force disappears.
And the difference of just 2 times, between these components!
Simply take two magnets and make sure that at a similar position the magnet first turns, and then attracts. South Pole to the North Pole!
Most of the planets of the solar system to one degree or another possess magnetic fields.
The special section of geophysics, studying the origin and nature of the magnetic field of the Earth is called geomagnetism. Geomagnetism considers the problems of the emergence and evolution of the main, permanent component of the geomagnetic field, the nature of the variable component (approximately 1% of the main field), as well as the structure of the magnetosphere - the most upper magnetized plasma layers of the earth's atmosphere, interacting with the solar wind and protecting the Earth from cosmic penetrating radiation . An important task is to study the patterns of variations of the geomagnetic field, since they are due to external impacts associated primarily with solar activity.
This can be surprising, but today there is no single point of view on the mechanism of the magnetic field of the planets, although almost generally recognized is the hypothesis of magnetic hydrodinamo, based on the recognition of the existence of a conductive liquid external core. Thermal convection, that is, mixing the substance in the outer core, contributes to the formation of annular electrical currents. The speed of moving the substance in the upper part of the liquid nucleus will be slightly less, and the lower layers are more relative to the mantle in the first case and the solid core in the second. Such slow flows cause the formation of ring-shaped (toroidal) closed in the form of electric fields that are not beyond the nucleus. Due to the interaction of toroidal electric fields with convective flows in the outer core, a total magnetic field of a dipole character occurs, the axis of which roughly coincides with the axis of the earth's rotation. For the "launch" of a similar process, an initial, at least very weak, magnetic field, which can be generated by a gyromagnetic effect, when the rotating body is magnetized in the direction of its rotation axis.
The solar wind is also played by the solar wind - the flow of charged particles, mainly protons and electrons coming from the Sun. For the Earth, the solar wind is a flow of charged particles of a constant direction, and this is nothing but an electric current.
According to determining the direction of the current, it is directed towards opposite to the movement of negatively charged particles (electrons), i.e. From the ground to the sun. Particles forming solar wind, having mass and charge, are fond of the upper layers of the atmosphere towards the rotation of the Earth. In 1958, the radiation belt of the Earth was opened. This is a huge zone in space, covering the land in the field of equator. In the radiation belt, electrons are the main charge carriers. Their density of 2-3 orders of magnitude exceeds the density of other charge carriers. And thus there is an electric current caused by the directional circular motion of the solar wind particles, dried by the circular motion of the Earth, generating the electromagnetic "vortex" field.
It should be noted that the magnetic flow caused by the current of the solar wind permeates and rotating along with the ground the flow of hot lava inside it. As a result of this interaction there is an electromotive force in it, under the action of which the current flows, which also creates a magnetic field. As a result, the magnetic field of the Earth is the resulting field from the interaction of the ionosphere and the lava current.
The actually existing pattern of the magnetic field of the Earth depends not only on the configuration of the current layer, but also from the magnetic properties of the earth's crust, as well as on the relative location of magnetic anomalies. Here you can make an analogy with a circuit with a current in the presence of a ferromagnetic core and without it. It is known that the ferromagnetic core not only changes the configuration of the magnetic field, but also significantly enhances it.
It is reliably established that the magnetic field of the Earth reacts to solar activity, but if you bind the occurrence of the magnetic field of planets only with current layers in a liquid core, interacting with the solar wind, it can be concluded that the planets of the solar system having the same direction of rotation should have the same direction Magnetic fields. However, for example, Jupiter denies this statement.
Interestingly, when the solar wind interacts with an excited magnetic field of the Earth, the torque acts to the ground, directed towards the rotation of the Earth. Thus, the land relative to the solar wind manifests itself similarly to the DC motor with self-excitation. The source of energy (generator) in this case is the sun. Since the magnetic field, and the torque acting on the ground, depend on the current of the sun, and the last of the degree of solar activity, then, with an increase in solar activity, the torque acting to the ground should increase and increase its speed of rotation.
Components of the geomagnetic field
Earth's own magnetic field (geomagnetic field) can be divided into the next three main parts - the main (interior) magnetic field of the Earth, including world anomalies, magnetic fields of local areas of external shells, alternating (external) magnetic field of the Earth.
1. The main magnetic field of the Earth (internal) experiencing slow changes in time (century-old variations) with periods from 10 to 10,000 years, concentrated in the intervals of 10-20, 60-100, 600-1200 and 8000 years. The latter is associated with a change in the dipole magnetic moment 1.5-2 times.
Magnetic power lines created on a computer model geodinamo show how much the structure of the magnetic field of the Earth is easier outside it than inside the nucleus (confused tubes in the center). On the surface of the Earth, most of the magnetic field lines leave from the inside (long yellow tubes) in the southern pole and enters the inside (long blue tubes) near the north.
Most people usually do not think why the compass arrows shows north or south. But the magnetic poles of the planet were not always located as today.
The research of minerals show that the magnetic field of the Earth for 4-5 billion years of the existence of the planet has changed its orientation from north to south and back hundreds of times. However, during the last 780 thousand years, nothing like this happened, despite the fact that the average period of changing magnetic poles is 250 thousand years. In addition, the geomagnetic field weakened by almost 10% since it was first measured in the 30s. XIX century (i.e. almost 20 times faster than if, having lost the source of energy, it reduced its strength in a natural way). Is the next pole changing?
The source of oscillations of the magnetic field is hidden in the center of the Earth. Our planet, similar to the other bodies of the solar system, creates its magnetic field using an internal generator, the principle of operation of which is the same as the usual electrical, transforming the kinetic energy of its moving particles into the electromagnetic field. In the electric generator, the movement occurs in the coil twists, and inside the planet or stars in the conductive liquid substance. The huge mass of the molten iron volume of 5 times more than the moon circulates in the core of the Earth, forming the so-called geodinamo.
Over the past ten years, scientists have developed new approaches to the study of the work of geodinamo and its magnetic properties. Satellites transmit clear instant photographs of the geomagnetic field on the surface of the Earth, and modern methods of computer simulation and physical models created in laboratories help interpret orbital observation data. The experiments spent academic scientists on a new explanation of how interpretation occurred in the past and how it could begin in the future.
In the inner structure of the Earth, the molten external kernel is distinguished, where the complex turbulent convection generates a geomagnetic field.
Energy geodinamo
What drives geodinamo. By the 40th. The last century of physics recognized the three necessary conditions for the formation of the magnetic field of the planet, and subsequent scientific construction proceeded from these provisions. The first condition is a large volume of electrically conductive liquid mass, saturated with iron forming the external core of the Earth. Under it is located the inner core of the Earth, consisting of almost pure iron, and above it - 2900 km of solid rocks of a dense mantle and a thin crust forming the continent and the ocean bed. The pressure on the core, created by the earth's crust and mantle, is 2 million times higher than on the surface of the Earth. The kernel temperature is also extremely high - about 5000O Celsius, as well as the surface temperature of the Sun.
The above-described parameters of the extremal medium predetermine the second requirement of geodinamo: the need for an energy source to drive the liquid mass. The internal energy of the partly of the thermal, partly of chemical origin creates inside the poverty condition inside the kernel. The kernel is more warmed up at the bottom. (High temperatures are "closed" inside it since the Earth's Earth Education.) This means that a more warmed, less dense metal component of the kernel seeks up. When the liquid mass reaches the upper layers, it loses part of its heat, giving it over the overlying mantle. Then the liquid iron cools, becoming more denser than the surrounding mass, and lowers. The process of moving heat by raising and lowering the liquid mass was called the thermal convection.
The third necessary condition for maintaining the magnetic field is the rotation of the Earth. The emerging Coriolis force rejects the movement of the rising liquid mass inside the ground just as it turns oceanic flows and tropical cyclones, whose vortices are visible on space images. In the center of the Earth, Coriolis strength spins a rising liquid mass into a corkscrew or a spiral, like a broken spring.
The land has a rich iron liquid mass focused in its center, energy sufficient to maintain convection, and a Coriolis force twisting convection flows. This factor is extremely important to maintain the work of geodinamo throughout the millions of years. But new knowledge is needed to answer the question of how a magnetic field is formed and why from time to time the poles are changing places.
Interpretation
Scientists have long wondered why the magnetic poles of the Earth from time to time change in places. Recent studies of the vortex movements of the molten masses inside the Earth make it possible to understand how interpretation occurs.
The magnetic field is significantly more intense and the most complicated nucleus field, inside of which magnetic oscillations are formed, was found on the border of the mantle and kernel. The electrotocks occurring in the core prevent direct measurements of its magnetic field.
It is important that most of the geomagnetic field is formed only in four extensive areas on the border of the nucleus and the mantle. Although geodinamo produces a very strong magnetic field, only 1% of its energy extends outside the kernel. The overall configuration of the magnetic field measured on the surface is called a dipole, which most of the time is focused on the earth's rotation axis. As in the linear magnet field, the main geomagnetic flow is directed from the center of the Earth in the southern hemisphere and to the center - in the north. (The arrow of the compass points to the northern geographic pole, since the southern magnetic pole dipole is nearby.) Space observations have shown that the magnetic flow has an uneven global distribution, the greatest tension is traced on the Antarctic coast, near North America and Siberia.
Ulrich Kristensen (Ulrich R. Christensen) from the Scientific Research Institute of the Solar System Max Planck in Katlenburg Lindau, Germany, believes that these extensive areas of the Earth exist thousands of years and are supported by a constantly developing convection within the nucleus. Can similar phenomena be the reason for changing the poles? Historical geology testifies that the change of poles occurred in relatively short periods of time - from 4 thousand to 10 thousand years. If geodinamo stopped his work, then the dipole would exist another 100 thousand years. The rapid change of polarity gives reason to believe that some unstable position disrupts the initial polarity and causes a new change of poles.
In some cases, mysterious instability can be explained by some chaotic change in the magnetic flux structure, which only accidentally leads to interpretation. However, the frequency of polarity change that manifests itself more and more sustainably over the last 120 million years, talks about the possibility of external regulation. One of the reasons for it can be a temperature difference in the lower layer of the mantle, and as a result - a change in the nature of the kernel of the kernel.
Some symptoms of interpretability were identified when analyzing maps that were made from Magsat and Oersted satellites. Gauthier Gulot and his colleagues from the Paris Geophysical Institute noted that long-term changes of the geomagnetic field occur on the border of the nucleus and the mantle in those places where the direction of the geomagnetic flow is back normally for this hemisphere. The largest of the so-called regions of the reverse magnetic field stretched from the southern tip of Africa to the west to South America. In this section, the magnetic flux is directed to the kernel, while most of it in the southern hemisphere is directed from the center.
Areas where the magnetic field is directed to the opposite direction for this hemisphere, it occurs with a random breakthrough of the swirling and looping lines of the magnetic field outside the nucleus of the Earth. Plots of the reverse magnetic field can significantly weaken the magnetic field on the surface of the Earth, called the dipole, and indicate the beginning of the shift of the earth's poles. They appear when the rising liquid mass pushes horizontal magnetic lines up in the molten external core. Such convective outpouring sometimes twists and squeezes the magnetic line (a). At the same time, the force of rotation of the Earth is caused by the rifle circulation of the melt, which can tighten the loop on the extruded magnetic line (b). When the pushing force is large enough to throw a loop from the kernel, a pair of magnetic flux areas is formed on the border of the core-mantle.
The most serious discovery made by comparing the latest measurements obtained from Oersted, and spent in 1980, was that the new areas of the return magnetic field continue to be formed, for example, on the border of the core-mantle under the east coast of North America and the Arctic. Moreover, previously identified areas have grown and moved a little toward the poles. In the late 80s. XX century David Gubbins (David Gubbins) from Lida University in England, studying old geomagnetic field cards, noted that the distribution, growth and displacement in the direction of the poles of the reverse magnetic field sections explains the reduction of the Dipole force in historical time.
According to theoretical provisions on the power magnetic lines arising in the liquid medium of the kernel under the action of Coriolis force small and large vortices spin the power lines into the node. Each turn collects more and more power lines in the kernel, thus reinforcing the magnetic field energy. If the process continues unhindered, the magnetic field is enhanced infinitely. However, the electrical resistance dispels and levels the power lines so much to stop the spontaneous growth of the magnetic field and continue the reproduction of internal energy.
Sections with intense magnetic normal and reverse field are formed on the border of the core-mantle, where small and large twists interact with the magnetic fields of the East-Western direction described as toroidal, which penetrate the inside the kernel. Turbulent liquid movements can spin the line of toroidal fields in a loop, called poloidal fields that have north-south orientation. Sometimes twisting occurs when lifting the fluid mass. If such an outpouring is quite powerful, then the peak of the poloidal loop is pushed out of the kernel (see the cutting on the left). As a result of such an ejection, two plots are formed, where the loop crosses the border of the core-mantle. On one of them there is a direction of magnetic flux that coincides with the overall direction of the dipole field in this hemisphere; On the other plot, the flow is directed opposite.
When the rotation refers to a portion of the reverse magnetic field closer to the geographical pole than a plot with a normal flow, there is a weakening of the dipole, which is most vulnerable near its poles. Thus, you can explain the opposite magnetic field in southern Africa. With the global attack of the poles, the reverse magnetic field sections can grow throughout the region near the geographic poles.
The contour cards of the magnetic field of the Earth on the border of the core-mantle, compiled by measurements made from the satellite, show that most of the magnetic flux is directed from the center of the Earth in the southern hemisphere and to the center in the north. But in some areas there is a reverse picture. Reverse magnetic fields grew in number and sizes between 1980 and 2000. If they float all the space in both poles, interpretation can occur.
Models of changing poles
On the maps of the magnetic field, it is presented as with normal polarity, most of the magnetic flux is directed from the center of the Earth (yellow) in the southern hemisphere and to its center (blue color) in the northern (a). The beginning of the interpretability is noted by the emergence of several ranges of the inverse magnetic field (blue in the southern hemisphere and yellow in northern), reminiscent of the formation of its sites on the border of the core-mantle. Approximately 3 thousand years old, they reduced the field strength of the dipole, which was changed by a weaker, but more complex transition field on the border of the core-mantle (b). The change of poles became frequent phenomenon after 6 thousand years, when the reverse magnetic field (B) began to prevail on the border of the core-mantle. By this time, the full change of poles manifested itself on the surface of the earth. But only after 3 thousand years, the dipole replacement occurred, including the Earth's kernel (d).
What happens to the inner magnetic field today?
Most of us know that the geographical poles constantly make complex loop-like movements towards the daily rotation of the Earth (the precession of the axis with a period of 25776 years). Usually, these movements proceed near the imaginary axis of the rotation of the Earth and do not lead to a noticeable climate change. Read more about the displacement of the poles. But few people noticed that at the end of 1998 the overall component of these movements was shifted. During the month, the pole shifted toward Canada by 50 kilometers. Currently, the north pole "crawling" along 120 parallels of Western longitude. It can be assumed that if the current trend in the movement of poles will continue until 2010, the North Pole can be shifted by 3-4 thousand kilometers. The end point of the drift is large lakes in Canada. The South Pole, respectively, will shift from the center of Antarctica to the Indian Ocean.
The displacement of magnetic poles is registered since 1885. Over the past 100 years, the magnetic pole in the southern hemisphere moved almost 900 km and reached the Indian Ocean. The latest data on the state of the Arctic Magnetic Pole (moving towards the East Siberian world magnetic anomaly through the Arctic Ocean): showed that from 1973 to 1984, Mileage was 120 km from 1984 to 1994. - more than 150 km. It is characteristic that these data are estimated, but they were confirmed by specific measurements and the northern magnetic pole on the beginning of 2002, the speed of the Northern Magnetic Pole drift increased from 10 km / year in the 70s, up to 40 km / year in 2001 year.
In addition, the voltage of the earth's magnetic field falls, and very unevenly. So, over the past 22 years, it has decreased by an average of 1.7 percent, and in some regions - for example, in the southern part of the Atlantic Ocean, - by 10 percent. However, in some way on our planet, the tension of the magnetic field, contrary to the general trend, even slightly increased.
We emphasize that accelerating the movement of the poles (on average, 3 km / year over a decade) and their movement in the corridors of inversion of magnetic poles (more than 400 paleoinversions made it possible to identify these corridors) makes it suspect of that in this movement of the poles should not be seen And the ransover of the magnetic field of the Earth.
Acceleration can bring the movement of poles up to 200 km per year, so the inversion will be carried out much faster than it is assumed to researchers far from professional evaluations of real reversing processes.
In the history of the Earth, changes in the position of geographic poles occurred repeatedly, and with this phenomenon, first of all, bind the olelition of extensive areas of sushi and the cardinal change of climate of the entire planet. But the echoes in human history received only the last catastrophe, most likely associated with the shear of the poles that occurred about 12 thousand years ago. We all know - Mammoths extinct. But everything was much more serious.
The disappearance of hundreds of animal species is not doubtful. About the World Flood and the death of Atlantis are conducted by discussion. But one undoubtedly - the echoes of the greatest catastrophe in the memory of mankind have a real basis. And caused, most likely, the displacement of the poles is only 2000 km away.
The model below shows a magnetic field inside the kernel (beam of power lines in the center) and the appearance of a dipole (long curved lines) for 500 years (a) until the middle of the interpretation (b) of the magnetic dipole and 500 years later at the stage of its completion (B).
Magnetic field of geological past land
Over the past 150 million, millenization occurred hundreds of times, as evidenced by the minerals, the magnetized land field during the heating of rocks. The breeds were cooled, and minerals retained the former magnetic orientation.
Magnetic field inversion scales: I - for the last 5 million years; II - for the last 55 million years. Black Color - Normal Magnetization, White Color - Reverse Magnetization (by U.U. Harland et al., 1985)
Inversion of the magnetic field is to change the sign of the axis of a symmetric dipole. In 1906, B. Brun, measuring the magnetic properties of non -ogenic, relatively young lava in Central France, discovered that their magnetization is opposite to the direction of the modern geomagnetic field, that is, the northern and southern magnetic poles as it were changed in places. The presence of back magnetized rocks is a consequence of not some unusual conditions at the time of its formation, and the result of the inversion of the magnetic field of the Earth at the moment. The appeal of the polarity of the geomagnetic field is the most important discovery in paleomagnetology, which allowed to create a new science of magnetostratigraphy, which studies the dismemberment of the deposits of rocks based on their direct or converted magnetization. And the main thing here is the proof of the synchronization of these sign appeals within the entire globe. In this case, in the hands of geologists, it turns out a very effective method of correlation of sediments and events.
In the real magnetic field of the Earth, during which the polarity sign changes, it can be both short, up to a thousand years and make up millions of years.
The time intervals of the prevalence of any one polarity were called geomagnetic eras, and parts of them are assigned to the names of the outstanding geomagnetologists of Broersa, Matumami, Gauss and Hilbert. Within the epochs, smaller intervals of one or another polarity, called geomagnetic episodes, are distinguished. The most effectively identification of the intervals of the direct and reverse polarity of the geomagnetic field was carried out for the young in the geological sense of lava flows in Iceland, Ethiopia and other places. The disadvantage of these studies is that the process of outpouring the Love was an intermittent process, therefore, a completely magnetic episode is completely possible.
When it became possible according to the selected rocks of one age, but taken on different continents, determining the position of the paleomagnetic pole of the time interval of interest to us, it turned out that the calculated averaged pole, say, in Upper Mary rocks (170 - 144 million years old) North America and the same Pole in the same breeds of Europe will be located in different places. It turned out as if two northern poles, which could not be with the dipole system. In order for the North Pole alone, it should be changed the position of the continents on the surface of the earth. In our case, this meant the rapprochement of Europe and North America to the coincidence of their shelf rods, that is, to the depths of the ocean, about 200 m. In other words, they move no poles, but continents.
The use of the paleomagnetic method made it possible to carry out detailed reconstruction of disclosure relative to the young Atlantic, Indian, Northern Ocean and to understand the development history of the more ancient Pacific. The current location of the continents is the result of the part of the supercontinent of Pangea, which began about 200 million years ago. The linear magnetic field of oceans makes it possible to determine the speed of the plates, and its drawing gives the best information for geodynamic analysis.
Thanks to paleomagnetic studies, it was established that the split of Africa and Antarctica occurred 160 million years ago. The most ancient anomalies with age 170 million (secondary Yura) were found at the edges of the Atlantic off the coast of North America and Africa. This is the time to start the collapse of supermasterik. South Atlantic emerged 120-110 million years ago, and North much later (80 - 65 million years ago), etc. Such examples can be brought according to any one of the oceans and, as it were, "reading" a paleomagnetic chronicle, to reconstruct the history of their development and the movement of lithospheric plates.
World anomalies - deviations from an equivalent dipole to 20% of the intensity of individual areas with characteristic dimensions of up to 10,000 km. These abnormal fields are experiencing century-old variations that lead to changes over time for many years and centuries. Examples of anomalies: Brazilian, Canadian, Siberian, Kursk. During the age-old variations, global anomalies are shifted, disintegrate and occur again. On low latitudes there is a western drift in longitude at a speed of 0.2 ° per year.
2. Magnetic fields of local areas external shells With a length from several to hundreds of Km. They are due to the magnetization of rocks in the upper layer of the Earth, the slanting crust and close to the surface. One of the most powerful - Kursk magnetic anomaly.
3. Alternating magnetic field of the Earth (Also called external) is determined by sources in the form of current systems located outside the earth's surface and in its atmosphere. The main sources of such fields and their changes are the corpuscular fluxes of the magnetized plasma coming from the Sun together with the solar wind, and the formative structure and shape of the earth's magnetosphere.
First of all, it can be seen that this structure has a "layered" form. However, it is sometimes possible to observe the "gap" of the upper layers, obviously occurs under the influence of the strengthening of the solar wind. For example, here:
In this case, the degree of "heating" depends on the speed and density of the solar wind at such a moment, it is reflected in the color scheme from yellow to violet, which actually reflects the pressure on the magnetic field in this zone (right vertex pattern).
The structure of the magnetic field of the earth's atmosphere (external magnetic field of the Earth)
The earth's magnetic field is under the influence of the magnetized solar plasma stream. As a result of interaction with the field of the Earth, the outer boundary of the near-earth magnetic field is formed, called magnetopauza. It limits the earth's magnetosphere. Due to the effects of solar corpuscular flows, the size and shape of the magnetosphere are constantly changing, and an alternating magnetic field arises, defined by external sources. His variability is obliged to its origin to current systems developing at various heights from the lower layers of the ionosphere to magnetopause. Changes in the magnetic field of the Earth over time caused by various reasons are called geomagnetic variations that differ in both their duration and localization on Earth and in its atmosphere.
The magnetosphere is an area of \u200b\u200bnear-earth outer space, controlled by the magnetic field of the Earth. The magnetosphere is formed as a result of the interaction of solar wind with the plasma of the upper layers of the atmosphere and the magnetic field of the Earth. The form of the magnetosphere is a cavity and long tail, which repeat the shape of magnetic power lines. The sunflower point on average is located at a distance of 10 terrestrial radii, and the tail of the magnetosphere stretches for the orbit of the moon. The topology of the magnetosphere is determined by the regions of the invasion of the solar plasma inside the magnetosphere and the nature of current systems.
The tail of the magnetosphere is formed by the power lines of the magnetic field of the Earth, leaving the polar regions and elongated under the action of the solar wind onto hundreds of ground radii from the sun in the night side of the Earth. As a result of the plasma of solar wind and solar corpuscular flows, as it were, the earth's magnetosphere is streamlined, giving it a peculiar tail shape.
In the tail of the magnetosphere, at large distances from the ground, the tension of the magnetic field of the Earth, and, therefore, their protective properties are weakened, and some of the solar plasma particles get the ability to penetrate and get into the ground magnetosphere and magnetic traps of radiation belts. Penetrating into the head side of the magnetosphere into the region of the ovals of polar beams under the action of a varying pressure of the solar wind and an interplanetary field, the tail serves as a place for the formation of flows of pouring particles causing polar beams and Avrral currents. The magnetosphere is separated from the interplanetary space magnetopauz. Along the magnetopause particles of corpuscular streams flow around the magnetosphere. The effect of solar wind on the earth's magnetic field is sometimes very strong. Magnetopause - the outer boundary of the Earth's magnetosphere (or planet), on which the dynamic pressure of the solar wind is backed by the pressure of its own magnetic field. In typical solar wind parameters, the sunflower point is removed from the center of the Earth by 9-11 ground radii. During the period of magnetic perturbations on the Earth, the magnetopause may go for the geostationary orbit (6.6 radius of the Earth). With weak solar wind, the sunflower point is at a distance of 15-20 radii of the Earth.
Geomagnetic variations
The change in the magnetic field of the Earth in time under the action of various factors is called geomagnetic variations. The difference between the observed magnitude of the magnetic field strength and its average value over a long period of time, for example, a month or year is called geomagnetic variation. According to observations, geomagnetic variations are continuously changed over time, and such changes are often periodic.
Dental variations The geomagnetic fields arise regularly mainly due to currents in the Earth's ionosphere caused by the changes in the illumination of the earth's ionosphere of the Sun within 24 hours.
Daily geomagnetic variation for the period 19.03.2010 12:00 to 03/21/2010 00:00
The magnetic field of the Earth is described by seven parameters. To measure the earth's magnetic field at any point, we must measure the direction and tension of the field. Parameters describing the direction of the magnetic field: declination (D), inclination (I). D and I are measured in degrees. The strength of the general field (F) is described by a horizontal component (H), vertical component (z) and northern (x) and eastern (y) components of the horizontal tension. These components can be measured in Ersteda (1 Erusted \u003d 1 Gauss), but usually in nanotelas (1st x 100 000 \u003d 1 Ersden).
Irregular variations The magnetic field occurs due to the effects of the stream of the solar plasma (solar wind) on the Earth's magnetosphere, as well as changes within the magnetosphere and the interaction of the magnetosphere with the ionosphere.
The figure below shows (from left to right) images of the current - magnetic field, pressure, convection flows in the ionosphere, as well as graphs of changing the values \u200b\u200bof the speed and density of the solar wind (V, DENS) and the values \u200b\u200bof the vertical and eastern component of the external magnetic field of the Earth.
27-day variations There are as a tendency to repeat the increase in geomagnetic activity every 27 days corresponding to the period of rotation of the Sun relative to the earth observer. This pattern is associated with the existence of long-lived active areas in the Sun, observed during several revolutions of the Sun. This pattern is manifested in the form of a 27-day repeatability of magnetic activity and magnetic storms.
Seasonal variations Magnetic activity is confidently detected on the basis of average monthly data on magnetic activity obtained by processing observations for several years. Their amplitude increases with increasing overall magnetic activity. It was found that the seasonal variations of magnetic activity have two maxima, corresponding to the equinox periods, and two minima corresponding to the solstice periods. The reason for these variations is the formation of active areas in the Sun, which are grouped in areas from 10 to 30 ° Northern and Southern Helographic latitudes. Therefore, during periods of equinoxies, when the planes of earth and solar equators coincide, the Earth is most susceptible to the active regions in the sun.
11-year variations. The most vividly connection between solar activity and magnetic activity is manifested when comparing long series of observations, multiple 11 years of solar activity. The most famous measure of solar activity is the number of solar spots. It was found that during the maximum amount of solar spots, magnetic activity also achieves the greatest value, but increasing magnetic activity is somewhat late in relation to solar growth, so on average this delay is one year.
Century variations - Slow variations of elements of terrestrial magnetism with periods of several years and more. Unlike daily, seasonal, and other variations of external origin, century-old variations are associated with sources lying inside the earth's core. The amplitude of the age-old variations reaches dozens of NTL / year, changes in the average annual values \u200b\u200bof such elements, named with century-old move. Inspection of age-old variations are concentrated around several points - centers or tricks of age-old move, in these centers the magnitude of the age-old move reaches the maximum values.
Magnetic storm - influence on the human body
Local characteristics of the magnetic field change and fluctuate sometimes for many hours, and then restored until the previous level. This phenomenon is called magnetic storm. Magnetic storms often begin to suddenly and simultaneously throughout the globe.
The shock wave of the solar wind in a day after the outbreak in the sun reaches the orbits of the Earth and the magnetic storm begins. Severely ill is clearly reacting from the first hours after the outbreak in the sun, the rest - from the moment the storms started on the ground. General for all - changing biorhythms in this watch. The number of cases of myocardial infarction increases the day after the outbreak (approximately 2 times more compared with magnetic verses). On the same day, the magnetospheric storm caused by an outbreak begins. Absolutely healthy - an immune system is activated, there may be an increase in performance, improved mood.
Note: The geomagnetic calm, continuing in a row several days or more, acts on the body of a city inhabitant, in many respects, like a storm - oppressing, causing depression and weakening of immunity. Light "Daveg" of the magnetic field within kr \u003d 0 - 3 helps it easier to carry the differences in atmospheric pressure and other weather-corrector.
The following gradation of the KP-index values \u200b\u200bwas adopted:
KP \u003d 0-1 - GeoMagnetic OKOKOYA (CT);
Kp \u003d 1-2 - the gearless of the fact about the connection of themselves;
KP \u003d 3-4 - CLUBOVED DEVERSE;
KP \u003d 5 and above - a weak magnetic storm (level G1);
Kp \u003d 6 and above - the average magnetic storm (level G2);
Kp \u003d 7 and above - a strong magnetic storm (level G3); Possible accidents, deterioration of well-being in meteo-dependent people
Kp \u003d 8 and above is a very strong magnetic storm (level G4);
KP \u003d 9 - Extremely strong magnetic storm (level G5) - the maximum possible value.
Online observation of the state of the magnetosphere and magnetic storms here:
As a result of numerous studies conducted at the Institute of Space Research (ICI), the Institute of Earth Magnetism, the Ionosphere and the distribution of radio waves (Izmiran), the Medical Academy. THEM. Sechenov and the Institute of Medical Biological Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, it turned out that during the geomagnetic storms in patients with the pathology of the cardiovascular system, especially those who have undergone myocardial infarction, the blood viscosity increased significantly, slowed down the speed of its flow in capillaries, changed the vascular tone And the stressful hormones intensified.
In the body of some healthy people, there were also changes, but they were mostly fatigue, weakening attention, headaches, dizziness and serious danger did not imagine. A slightly stronger to change reacted the body of the astronauts: they had arrhythmias and changed vascular tone. Experiments in orbit also showed that electromagnetic fields are negatively affected by the condition of a person, and not other factors that act on Earth, but are excluded in space. In addition, another "risk group" was revealed - healthy people with an overpriced adaptation system associated with the effects of additional stress (in this case - weightlessness, which also affects the cardiovascular system).
Researchers came to the conclusion that geomagnetic storms cause the same adaptation stress as a sharp change of time zones, knocking the biological daily rhythms of a person. Sudden outbreaks in the sun and other manifestations of solar activity dramatically change relatively regular rhythms of the geomagnetic field of the Earth, which causes in animals and in people a failure of their own rhythms and generates adaptation stress.
Healthy people with him cope with relatively easy, but for people with pathology of the cardiovascular system, with a redirected adaptation system and for newborns it is potentially dangerous.
It is impossible to foresee a response. It all depends on many factors: from the state of a person, from the nature of the storm, from the frequency spectrum of electromagnetic oscillations, etc. It is not yet known how changes in the geomagnetic field affect the biochemical and biophysical processes occurring in the body: which are receivers of geomagnetic receptor signals, whether a person responds to the effects of electromagnetic radiation with all organism, individual organs or even individual cells. Currently, in order to study the influence of solar activity, the laboratory of Helobiology at the Institute of Space Research opens.
9. N.V. Koronovsky. Magnetic field of geological past land // Moscow State University. M.V. Lomonosov. SOROSE EDUCATIONAL JOURNAL, N5, 1996, PR. 56-63
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