Rainy season early autumn it beckons avid mushroom pickers go to the forest to collect the harvest. This simple task is not as easy as it might seem at first glance. After all, many representatives of inedible mushroom kingdom They strive to disguise themselves as an edible product. Thus, the false boletus successfully passes itself off as its edible counterpart. Therefore, it is very important to be able to distinguish them from each other.
For clear example take a look at the photo of the false representative of the boletus mushroom, and also carefully study the external outlines of the inedible forest mushroom.
Among many mushroom representatives, boletus is highly valued for its health benefits, as well as taste qualities. It got its name due to the fact that it is mainly found in forests under the birch tree. This product is rich in proteins, vitamins and various amino acids. Perfectly suitable for different ways preparations. In terms of its nutritional value it is in second place after porcini mushroom. However, even an experienced mushroom picker can sometimes be deceived appearance inedible brother.
Although false boletus is similar in appearance to a good mushroom suitable for food, its taste is completely different. This product will immediately be felt in the dish, as it has a very unpleasant bitter aftertaste. No wonder it is also called gall fungus or bitter. This bitter taste is significantly enhanced by heat treatment, which makes it impossible not to notice it and to eat a lot. This, of course, will not lead to fatal outcome, but it may well cause intestinal upset.
Therefore, before collecting everything in a basket, you need to find out in detail what false boletus looks like and how it differs from edible species.
Types of boletus
Among these representatives of the fungal kingdom, several species are distinguished:
- Ordinary.
- Harsh.
- Elm.
- False.
- Pinkish.
- Black.
- White (swamp).
The common boletus has a mucous brown cap that glistens slightly in the sun. The shape of the young mycelium is round and convex, while the more mature mycelium acquires gentle edges. The pores are located below and have a light milky or slightly greenish tint.
Rough appearance - can often be found on loose sandy soils, under aspens, poplars and birches. The mycelium is darker shades of brown and is significantly inclined towards the stem.
Elm boletus - this species is also known as gray. It has a slightly wrinkled surface and a brownish-brown tint to the top of the cap. The stem of the mushroom may be slightly curved or straight, just like the normal species.
The false boletus species is an inedible representative. Externally, it is a gray straight leg with a rounded mycelium of white-grayish color.
Pinkish appearance - differs from other representatives in the color palette. The mycelium has a brownish-yellow color, and the leg in cross-section acquires shades of pink.
Black boletus - this species is externally represented by the brown-black color of the mycelium and scaly stem. As a rule, it grows in wet, wet places.
Swampy appearance - has a creamy white color of the cap and lower pores. The shape of the mycelium is flatter and spread out. The flesh and pores of this species are light in color and have no noticeable color or odor.
Similarity of common boletus with other mushrooms
Externally common boletus similar to some edible representatives of the mushroom kingdom. For example, the boletus is completely identical in appearance, the only way To distinguish them from boletus is to cut them. If it is an edible aspen fellow, the flesh will acquire a bluish tint, which does not happen in the case of the ordinary type of boletus. In addition, the common one resembles species like pinking or white (swamp) boletus in appearance and taste. All of them are edible and healthy except for one - the gall type.
Therefore, it is much more useful to know how to distinguish false appearance boletus Outwardly, it is very similar to edible, the same external color legs of a grayish tint, brownish-gray color of the mycelium, shiny and velvety surface of the mycelium. But an experienced mushroom picker knows the secrets and signs that indicate a false representative.
Where and how to collect boletus mushrooms
Such edible mushrooms form mycosis with the roots of the birch tree, as if merging, they grow together. Therefore, the habitat of these edible mushrooms must be sought in birch groves or deciduous forests interspersed with aspens or birches. Myceliums can hide under a thin layer of soil or foliage, so it is best to go mushroom hunting in wet weather just after a light rain.
False boletuses, unlike “real” ones, are most often found in swampy and dark places next to rotting stumps and forest streams. The useful boletus is characterized by growing on lighter, drier edges and clearings.
At what time the mushroom appears depends on its species. So, common appearance appears in early June and grows until the end of October. Pinkish occurs mainly in late August and early September. A white look mostly grows only in early autumn.
There is nothing complicated about how to pick mushrooms. Armed with gloves and a small sharp knife it is necessary to carefully examine potential places for boletus growth. For convenience, carefully pushing apart the layers of foliage or grass using a wooden stick. And as soon as the desired candidate is found, it is enough to carefully cut off the base of the leg with a knife.
The main differences between false boletus and gall mushroom
In order to recognize edible mushroom from the dangerous inedible you need to take a closer look. There are a number of signs and methods that can reveal a false representative.
The most common and easiest way to check false boletus is to lick the cut of the mushroom with the tip of your tongue. If there is a bitter taste, then it is definitely a gall fungus. But you shouldn’t get carried away with this recognition method, since such frequent taste tests can lead to stomach pain and diarrhea.
It is best to learn to distinguish dangerous mushrooms by appearance. If you look closely, then false mushroom boletus has a number of differences. There will be no signs of insects on something so inedible. This is because even they will not consume such a product because of the bitterness.
Another sign of a false mushroom is its growth in putrid and swampy areas. Good mushroom will never grow in such a place, but for poisonous representatives such soil is the most favorable.
By the mycelium you can distinguish an edible mushroom from a false one, and the color and pores of the mycelium will help with this. Poisonous representatives always have dirty brown, orange-green tones in the mycelium shade. And, in addition to this, the presence of tubular pores and pulp, which is colored pinkish, indicates that you are holding an inedible representative of the boletus in your hands.
As for the characteristics of the stem, the color is identical, but the shape of the bittersweet, like many others poisonous species, expanded downwards.
False mushrooms differ in the texture of their cap. At first glance it may seem that the mycelium is shiny and elastic, but when pressed it does not level out and when wet the shine disappears. This is only possible with a “fake” boletus.
You can watch a video description of the false boletus mushroom below.
Poisoning and first aid
False boletus by its nature is not dangerous to human life when consumed. But it can be quite harmful to your health. When entering the human body in large quantities, this is extremely rare and can cause:
- Nausea.
- Vomiting.
- Dizziness.
- Pain in the stomach and intestines.
- Dysbacteriosis and diarrhea.
This mushroom is not poisonous, but causes severe intoxication of the body. With prolonged and regular consumption, it affects liver cells, causing cirrhosis.
“False” mushrooms may look like edible ones, but it’s hard to confuse their taste, which is why they can cause extreme poisoning. difficult task. After all, bitterness interrupts the taste of the entire dish. The only possible option to deceive the taste buds is to eat heavily pickled mushrooms, the spices of which will overwhelm the taste of the gall mushroom.
If symptoms of poisoning with a dangerous mushroom doppelganger occur, then first of all it is necessary to rinse the stomach. To do this, drink 2-3 glasses of slightly salted water and induce gagging by pressing on the base of the tongue. After all the contents of the stomach are empty, drink an absorbent drug (activated carbon, Atoxil or Smecta).
Let's talk about secrets
To prevent false boletus from getting into the mushroom basket when harvesting, first of all pay attention to the stem. Business card“Fakes” in the form of thin capillaries will always make it clear that this mushroom is unsuitable for consumption. In edible representatives, the leg is covered with a pattern like on birch bark, or with gray scales, if it is gray look. And even if the color and place of growth are quite characteristic of good mushrooms, the pattern of the stem will not let you deceive.
Learning to recognize a false mushroom is not difficult, the main thing is practice and attention when examining harvested. And even if there are doubts about the authenticity of an edible mushroom, it is better to put it out so as not to spoil the delicious mushroom dish. As for the “false” boletus mushrooms, false aspen mushrooms and generally all similar mushrooms, they are always given away by some characteristic feature. You just need to know where to look and what edible representatives there should be. If you doubt your knowledge and skills, it is better to consult with people experienced in this matter and adopt their experience.
The article will talk about one of the wonderful plant inhabitants forests Its name directly indicates where it likes to grow. This is a boletus whose favorite places to grow are forests with birch trees.
It should be noted that these mushrooms belong to a group belonging to one singular gender- Albaceous. Their main difference from other varieties is the brownish color of the cap (in different shades).
The genus Obabok unites a variety of species, including boletus and boletus. Despite characteristics plants of each group, their general signs often confuses newbies. In this regard, boletus mushrooms are often called boletus boletuses.
This article will present more detailed information about white boletus: photo, description, etc.
General characteristics of boletus
Boletus forms mycorrhiza with birch, which is where its name comes from.
These mushrooms have characteristic convex caps, the shades of which range from white to almost black. Young mushrooms have dense, beautiful hemispherical caps. But as they grow, they become more loose and pillow-shaped.
The size reaches up to 20 cm in diameter. However, mushroom pickers often ignore such specimens, because a richer and more delicate taste is inherent in young representatives. Their legs are gray or white, covered with brownish, black or dark gray scales. The thickness of the legs is 4 cm in diameter. The young mushroom has dense, elastic, white flesh. But some varieties can change to a pinkish tint when broken.
Before we introduce white boletus, let us briefly describe the varieties of mushrooms in this group.
Varieties
Boletus mushrooms can be divided into several varieties depending on their appearance and growing conditions. In total, there are about 40 of them, but not all of them can be found in Russia. The following are the most common types:
- Ordinary is the most common and most valuable from the point of view of the preferences of culinary masters. The cap has a uniform color, the leg at the bottom is thickened.
- White - grows in damp places and is not particularly productive (white boletus).
- Harsh - loves sandy soils and loamy soils of aspens and poplars. The brown cap is pubescent, the flesh turns pink when cut, and the leg below becomes lilac.
- Swamp - quite common in swampy, damp areas. The hat has more light shade, the leg is thinner.
- Pinkish - found mainly in autumn in humid northern forests. The color of the cap is uneven, brownish, and the flesh at the break turns pink as a result of oxidation.
- Gray (grabber) - has the most a long period collection: from spring to autumn. The cap is brown-olive and grayish in color with tubercles and wrinkles, a relatively short stem, the flesh turns purple and then black when cut.
There are also black and multi-colored varieties in nature.
All these mushrooms feel great among birch trees, but they are also found in other trees. More often they grow in places that are well warmed by the sun, but with sufficiently moist soil.
White boletus: photo and description
The mushroom is edible. Its hat is whitish with various shades: light gray, cream, pinkish.
The shape of the cap of the young mushroom, like that of other boletus mushrooms, is hemispherical, more mature age- cushion-shaped. Then she becomes more prostrate. But unlike the common boletus, it rarely opens completely. The average diameter is 3-8 cm. The white and tender flesh of the mushroom does not have a particular taste or smell.
In height, the white boletus reaches sizes up to 7-10 cm (sometimes even higher in the grass), the diameter of the stem is 0.8-1.5 cm, and narrows closer to the cap. Its color is white, covered with scales of the same color, but with age and drying they darken. The fibrous pulp of the stem of this type of mushroom, in comparison with the common boletus, is softer. At the base it acquires a bluish tint.
Beneficial features
One of the most important properties of white boletus, like all mushrooms from this group, is the ability to remove toxins thanks to dietary fiber contained in it. Mushrooms are useful as aid in the treatment of the following diseases:
- diseases nervous system;
- changes in the amount of sugar in the blood;
- various kidney pathologies;
- skin problems;
- inflammation of the musculoskeletal system;
- inflammation of the mucous membranes.
The pulp of the mushroom contains vitamins B and C, D, E, proteins, nicotinic acid, micro- and macroelements. In addition, it is absorbed by the body quite easily.
Places of growth
White boletus is found from mid-summer to early October in mixed and deciduous forests, forming mycorrhizae mainly with birch. The mushroom prefers damp places and the outskirts of swamps. It is not very rare to be found in such places, but the yield is not very high.
The youngest first mushrooms can be found in more open and sun-warmed places: clearings, groves, forest edges. They can also be found under single trees.
This type of mushroom feels good in a variety of climatic conditions. It even grows in the tundra (near birch trees). The main condition is the presence of a birch root system, which provides nutrition for these fungi.
From his relative white variety differs in the almost white color of the cap.
Another similar species of the same genus (Obabaceae) is the notorious white boletus. But the latter differs in that at a break it actively changes its color.
False representative
There is, by and large, only one false mushroom, with which you can easily confuse not only the species being described, but also other boletus mushrooms, porcini mushrooms and even butterfly mushrooms. This is a gall mushroom. It is dangerous and poisonous, but it is not difficult to identify.
It is important to pay attention to the cut on the leg. The flesh of the poisonous false representative, oxidizing in air, changes color from crimson and pink to bluish and poisonous green.
Finally
White-capped boletuses are sometimes popularly called haymakers or spikeworts. This is due to the fact that they appear just at the time when haymaking begins and rye begins to spike in the fields.
The mushroom, quite valuable in all respects, can be collected throughout the summer and even in the fall. And this pleases many lovers of forest walks.
Kira Stoletova
The boletus mushroom is one of the most delicious and healthy basidiomycetes. Its quality characteristics are comparable to porcini mushrooms. Belongs to the Boletov family, the Obabok genus. In our forests, the boletus mushroom is represented by several species. All of them are edible, but differ in taste.
General characteristics
The mushroom cap is matte, has a hemispherical shape, and is colored grayish or pale chocolate. As it gets older, it begins to resemble a pillow. The diameter of the head reaches 18 cm. When humidity increases, sticky mucus appears on the surface of the cap.
Boletus looks like Boletus. The main differences are the shape of the stem and the color scheme of the cap. The long, dense and fibrous stalk, expanding at the bottom, reaches 9-12 cm in height. The color of the leg is off-white. In the lower part, its surface is covered with dark scaly processes.
The hymenophore is predominantly tubular, in some species it is lamellar. It is painted white, and as it matures it becomes gray and watery-loose. The pulp is white and has a greenish tint. When cut, it turns slightly gray when exposed to air. Exudes a pleasant mushroom aroma.
In young specimens the fruiting body is dense and tender in taste, in old specimens it is loose and contains a large number of moisture. Boletus grows singly or in groups. The collection season begins in May-June, which depends on the region, and ends late autumn. The Spring Boletus appears very first.
Kinds
There are more than 40 species of boletus. Most Popular:
- Common boletus;
- Marsh or White boletus;
- Boletus Pinkish or Oxidizing;
- Gray or Grabovik;
- Black boletus, which is popularly called blackhead;
- Boletus variegated.
In Russia, the most famous are Common boletus and Grabovik. In addition to them, there are 7 more varieties. All types of boletus mushrooms are edible mushrooms.
The false boletus, which is dangerous to human health, is distinguished by its pink hymenophore in older representatives. The young false boletus has a white hymenophore. Young specimens are recognized by pressing on the spore sac: if it turns pink, then the mushroom is poisonous.
Obabok Birch
Common boletus is an edible cap-pediculate mushroom that grows in birch plantings, deciduous, mixed forests. Its cap is dome-shaped, diameter is 15 cm. White boletus has a color from dark chocolate to grayish, which depends on the region in which it lives. The surface of the cap is thin felt or bare.
The hymenophore is tubular and detaches from the body without effort. The young hymenophore is white, becoming grayish as it matures. The spores are olive-brown. The fruit body is white, does not change color at all or acquires a slightly pink tint when cut.
Swampman
Swamp Boletus or White Berezovik, growing in small groups or singly in moist areas, is located on the outskirts of swamps and lakes. Appears in September after heavy rain. Fruits until the end of autumn. Forms mycorrhiza with the root system of birch.
The Bolotnik's hat reaches 12 cm in diameter. The shape is convex, then cushion-shaped. The surface is dry, white or off-white. Old Bolotnik is painted greenish-gray. Such specimens are not collected.
In young mushrooms, the hymenophore is tubular and gray-green. The pulp is watery, white, loose structure, does not change color when cut. Exudes a mushroom aroma. The leg is tall, thin, slightly widened at the bottom. Painted white, covered with small scales.
Oxidizing
The pinkish edible mushroom Boletus forms mycorrhiza with tree and shrub birch trees. The pinkish species is collected in northern forests; it prefers to grow on the slopes of groves, in the highlands, and on waterlogged soils. It appears in forests in autumn after heavy rains. It is distinguished by a small cap, colored yellow-brown. The tubular hymenophore is white and later turns gray.
The white stem is shorter when compared to other mushrooms in this family. Its surface is covered with a large number of gray scales. In some specimens, the legs are bent to the side where more light falls. The pulp is white, dense, and turns red when cut.
Grabovik
The Gray boletus is popularly called Grabovik. The young specimen, growing in the same area as Oxidizing, is distinguished by the wrinkled structure of its hemispherical cap, its diameter is 6-15 cm. The color palette is varied. The surface of the cap can be painted in the following colors:
- grey;
- yellow;
- black;
- olive brown.
The leg, 6-18 cm high, is strongly swollen, later becomes cylindrical, narrowed downwards. When pressed, the leg acquires a darker tone. Gray boletus mushrooms form a mycelium with birches, oaks, beeches and nuts; collection begins in June, when the mountain ash blooms.
Blackhead
These mushrooms, growing in moist and swampy soils, are called "Black" for the dark color of the cap. Wormy boletuses of this type are very rare, which distinguishes them from other species.
The first mushrooms appear in summer time. The peak of mushroom fruiting is observed in September. If the summer was dry, they will not appear.
Description of the black boletus mushroom:
- cap 16 cm in diameter, matte black or chocolate brown;
- the surface of the fruiting body is dry, velvety, after rain and with increased humidity it is sticky and slimy;
- the pulp has a hard structure, the pores turn blue when cut;
- the leg is dirty white, thickened, about 12 cm high.
Obabok Tsvetnoy
The main symbiont for the formation of mycorrhiza is birch, minor beech, and aspen. The multi-colored representative is painted gray and white, with pronounced strokes. The hat is up to 12 cm in diameter.
The flesh is white and turns pink after a while when cut. The smell is barely noticeable. The tubular hymenophore is finely porous. The spores are light brown.
Beneficial features
High the nutritional value and low calorie content make these mushrooms indispensable ingredients in the diet of people who want to lose weight or gain muscle mass. The fibrous pulp, after heat treatment, tastes like meat. Boletus contains protein, including 8 essential amino acids, which human body unable to synthesize on its own.
The mushroom pulp includes 35% protein, about 14% glucose, 4% fat, 25% fiber. Among useful properties The mushroom contains a large number of microelements and vitamins:
- thiamine;
- zinc;
- a nicotinic acid;
- vitamins of group B, C, D, E, A;
- magnesium;
- sodium;
- phosphorus;
- iron;
- manganese.
This species is the record holder for manganese content. Phosphoric acid present in the composition has a positive effect on the functioning of the musculoskeletal system due to its participation in the construction of enzymatic cells. Porcini(Boletus) and Boletus are considered competitive specimens. They have been actively used in folk and traditional medicine for a long time.
Contraindications
There are no contraindications to the use of birch as such, but it is prohibited in case of individual intolerance. It is not advisable to prepare such food for children under 8 years of age and people suffering from stomach ulcers. The fiber contained in mushrooms takes too long to digest, which can cause stomach upset in babies.
You should not collect boletus mushrooms in forests located near factories, landfills, in public places and near highways. They accumulate toxins. An overripe green organism is dangerous.
Application
It is classified as a gourmet mushroom, so most people only know about its use in cooking. In fact, this representative of basidiomycetes can be a good substitute medicines. The fiber and protein content makes it possible to prepare dietary supplements for athletes.
Boletus will be useful in agriculture. After burning the mushroom bodies, ash is formed, which contains calcium, phosphorus, zinc and nitrogen, which provides stable nutrition and prevents the soil from losing its quality. Mushroom products are suitable for formulating feed for cattle, pigs and poultry.
In cooking
The product must be processed before use. First, you should clean it from adhering dirt, remove the skin, and cut off the lower part of the leg. If the product needs to be dried, it should not be washed. Dirt is removed, and then the cap is simply wiped with a damp cloth.
To prevent the product prepared for gourmet dishes from turning blue, after cleaning it is soaked in a slightly acidic solution of water and lemon (juice from 0.5 fruits per 1 liter of water). It does not need to be soaked for several hours like milk mushrooms, 20-30 minutes is enough. The cooking technology involves double boiling. For the first time, you only need to boil the product for 5 minutes after the water boils. Then it is transferred to another pan, a bay leaf, a whole onion, a couple of allspice peas are added, and cooked for 20-30 minutes until fully cooked.
Boiled raw materials are used for pickling, making soups, mushroom caviar, salads and other dishes. You can prepare for the winter dried mushrooms or freeze fresh or boiled products in portions. Storage requires compliance with the following rules:
- dried fruits with signs of mold must be disposed of;
- frozen products are used immediately and are not re-frozen;
- When the brine in the jar becomes cloudy, the product is discarded.
In medicine
IN folk medicine it is used in tinctures and ointments to eliminate pain in osteochondrosis and gout. The affected areas should be treated 3-4 times a day. Tinctures are taken 2-3 times a day to increase immunity and sexual activity. Individual components of the basidiomycete, together with alcohol, provide an analgesic effect and eliminate nervousness.
The exceptional properties of the body allow it to be used in the manufacture of weight loss products. In cosmetology, an extract from it is used as a rejuvenating component.
Growing
Basidiomycetes are being actively cultivated. At home it is easy to grow personal plot clearing with delicious mushrooms. You can plant seeds at your dacha that you collected yourself or buy ready-made hymenophores. The basidiomycete will bear fruit well in an area where there are birch trees that are 2 to 4 years old.
If you need to collect seeds with your own hands, select several old fruits. At a distance of 50 cm from the trunk, beds are made with a depth of 21-31 cm. Crushed stone is laid on the bottom, then coarse sand and a turf mixture. All this needs to be treated with high-quality compost.
If the collected hymenophore is hard, it is better to soak it together with gelatin and dolomite flour in a ratio of 1: 0.2: 0.3. The mixture is placed in the holes, covered with compost, and mulched on top with a turf mixture. Stable high humidity soils are maintained within 70%. To successfully grow a product on a plot, special attention should be paid to harvesting. The main thing is to make sure that the farm that produces the root shoots is not destroyed, otherwise this will be the last harvest.
An easier option is to buy a kit for a beginner, which includes a special basket with seed material, substrate and detailed instructions. You can easily find them in any specialty store.
Boletus / Where and when to collect this beautiful mushroom/ High definition video.
False and real boletus
COMMON BEROT MUSHROOM (boletus).
Conclusion
Boletus - delicacy edible species mushrooms, including more than 40 subspecies. The name is due to the occurrence of symbiosis with birch. All representatives are rich in nutrients and minerals. Today, planting forest basidiomycetes in summer cottages is actively practiced.
Before you go into the forest for mushrooms, you need to become thoroughly familiar with which ones are edible and which ones are very dangerous to health, and sometimes even to human life. Some types of mushrooms are very similar in appearance to edible ones, but are not edible themselves.
Today we will talk about false, which is very similar in external characteristics with its non-venomous brother. Poisoning with such a mushroom is very dangerous to health. You need to know what symptoms appear during poisoning and how to help the affected person in order to avoid serious consequences.
The boletus, which is safe, has a rather inconspicuous appearance. A hat for him small size, grayish color, mucous. As the fungus matures, its cap becomes grayer. The stalk of the fungus is very thickened towards the base.
When viewed from a distance, the color of the mushroom is similar to birch bark. If you cut a mushroom with a knife, you can see that the color changes at the cut site.
The poisonous boletus has a brighter, catchier appearance. It has bright brown hat. The peel is quite dry, without mucus. The leg is not long, in the form of a droplet, on it you can see a pattern in the form of a thin mesh. Name false boletus- gall fungus.
Main differences:
Before picking mushrooms, you need to carefully examine each specimen. Eating an inedible product is dangerous dangerous consequences.
Intoxication with boletus mushrooms does not have a powerful toxic effect on the human body. If a couple of mushrooms get into the body, then nothing serious will happen. But if you regularly consume such products, you cannot avoid bad influence to your health.
The negative effect is provided by the resinous components that are present in the mushroom. These substances enter the stomach and severely irritate the mucous membrane.
If you eat false boletus for a long time, this provokes disturbances in the liver, as well as in other organs. At severe poisoning A person may even develop liver cirrhosis.
If the immune system a person is not strong, or has an intolerance to mushrooms, then its use causes the following symptoms:
- A person becomes weak, a sharp loss of strength appears;
- Your head starts to feel dizzy;
- Liver function is impaired;
- The function of the biliary tract is impaired.
Eat a large amount false boletus practically impossible, because they are quite bitter. The taste of the mushroom does not change, even if it is cooked with different marinades and spices.
Symptoms of poisoning
Intoxication with the mushroom in question is not a common occurrence. This usually happens if the mushrooms are pickled. As you know, a bite is used for marinade. And it can neutralize the bitterness of the mushroom, so a person can eat a large amount of such a dish without noticing the unpleasant taste. In this case, the body will react to poisoning with the following symptoms:
- Appears strong pain in a stomach;
- The person begins to feel sick and vomits;
- The activity of the digestive tract is disrupted;
Symptoms appear 2-3 hours after eating false boletus mushrooms. If vomiting is uncontrollable, then dehydration occurs. This is very dangerous condition. But if a violation is detected in a timely manner, then therapy occurs very quickly and without dangerous consequences.
Note! If you become intoxicated with boletus and the first symptoms appear, immediately seek help from a doctor. After such poisoning, an ultrasound of the liver should be done to make sure that everything is in order with the organ. Don't leave the situation to chance.
First aid
As soon as the first symptoms of poisoning begin to appear, first aid measures must be taken immediately. It is necessary to perform gastric lavage.
If there is no vomiting, then it needs to be provoked. For this purpose, you should consume 4 glasses, slightly salted. Next, use your fingers to lightly press on the root of the tongue. Rinsing must be carried out until clean rinsing water appears.
At the next stage you need to consume. If it is not there, then you can use any drug from the group. Before use, read the dosage rules.
After all procedures performed, it is important to ensure plenty of fluids. If the victim has chills, then you need to lie down under a warm blanket.
Not often, but it still happens that poisoning with this type of fungus causes signs of impaired respiratory function or confusion. This happens because toxic substances spread very quickly through the bloodstream. They negatively affect the central nervous system. In this case, you need to urgently go to the doctor or call an ambulance.
Treatment
If liver problems occur after poisoning, then this organ needs to be restored. The tactics and duration of treatment are selected by the doctor. The patient is examined and the necessary tests are performed. It is imperative to take medications that restore liver function.
Usually, with such poisoning, it is enough to adhere to the correct diet. It is also necessary to restore the disturbed water-electrolyte balance. For this purpose, you should drink plenty of mineral water.
Poisoning puts a lot of strain on the gastrointestinal tract. Therefore, you should try to eat something light so as not to further burden the digestive system.
Do not eat fatty, fried foods, smoked, salty, spicy foods. Eat stewed vegetables, fruits, baked chicken, low-fat fish, and you can also drink jelly.
If you are poisoned by mushrooms, also avoid lemons and other citrus fruits, because their acids can greatly irritate the stomach.
conclusions
False boletus is a conditionally poisonous mushroom. It has a very bitter taste, so poisoning with it is extremely rare. But, nevertheless, this is possible if a person has eaten a large amount of pickled mushrooms, since in this form they lose their bitterness.
If you go for mushrooms, then treat this very responsibly. If you have even the slightest doubt about a particular mushroom, and you are not exactly sure whether it is edible, then it is better to throw away such a specimen.
From mid-summer to late autumn, thousands of mushroom pickers flock to the forests to quench their thirst for gathering. Many people go into the forest not even to look for mushrooms, but only to satisfy their cravings for natural beauty and solitude with nature.
However, we must not forget that there are dangers in the forests. First of all we're talking about O poisonous mushrooms, which cleverly disguise themselves as their edible counterparts. Take, for example, the false boletus. How to distinguish it from normal mushroom? To do this, you need to know what true boletus looks like.
In appearance it is an ordinary mushroom with a discreet color. The cap is most often grayish-white. The leg is thickened, widens downward, and in color closely resembles a birch trunk. Very important! The pulp does not change its color even when cut! And now - a false boletus.
It is often called “gall mushroom”. In appearance, it almost perfectly copies its edible counterpart. The same leg, and the hat is almost the same color. It’s just enough to fry or boil it to fully experience the full depth of the mistake made: the taste of the mushroom is acrid and terribly bitter. It is not difficult to understand why the false boletus was called “gall”.
How can you tell the difference?
There is a 100% “quality guarantee”. will never be wormy (the exception is chanterelles, which in any case are never wormy). If it happens at the end of summer, the weather is quite dry, but the mushroom is surprisingly clean, then this is a reason to think about it. If all neighboring mushrooms (especially not the youngest ones) are also completely clean, then this is almost certainly a false boletus.
After the worminess test, take a close look at the leg. Both mushrooms have similar colors, but the inedible version has a “pockmarked” pattern, not like a birch trunk. Experienced mushroom pickers they say that the “gall mushroom” has a color on its stalk that resembles a capillary network.
It’s not very appetizing, but it’s better to lose your appetite right away, and not after the first spoon of a lovingly prepared dish that has become inedible.
"Things of Hat"
After a thorough inspection of the lower part, you can start working on the cap. Note! A real boletus will never, under any circumstances, have pink undersides. If you notice even a shade of pink, it is better not to take such a mushroom.
On top, the cap of a “fake” almost always has at least a small but quite noticeable shade of green. A normal mushroom does not have this. Such a “boletus mushroom” (photo is a false version) will certainly “delight” you with the disgusting taste of a spoiled dish.
If even after this you are not sure, just feel the cap. The “noble” velvety surface indicates a forgery. What does a normal boletus look like? The mushroom always has a flat and smooth surface of the cap. The final “touch” is to break off a piece from it. If at the break it is pinkish, then in front of you
Finally, let us give you one universal piece of advice. Remember! If you doubt anything, then never, under any circumstances, take a mushroom! The option described above is the mildest case, fraught only with a spoiled dinner. The same does not have an unpleasant taste, but its use is almost always fatal.
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