LeopoldBloom:
"Budyonny" is located exactly in the middle of the development branch of Soviet cruisers. Tier VI does not allow him to be classified as an elder "brother in arms", but many of their traits are already discernible in this ship. It owes its characteristics to the light cruiser of Project 94, and its name is to one of the first marshals of the USSR, Semyon Mikhailovich Budyonny. True, World of Warships players have already endowed it with another flattering nickname - "Soviet Cleveland". Let's see if a promising newcomer can really threaten the fame of the famous "American". Pros + Very strong battery of nine 152mm guns. Rate of fire - 8 rounds per minute. The firing range is 16.6 km with an improved FCS module. Rotate towers 180 degrees in just 25 seconds. We can say that these are the best 152 mm guns. + High probability of causing a fire with a high-explosive shell. + Maximum speed among Tier VI cruisers - 35 knots. + Availability of spotter aircraft. + Sufficiently effective air defense. Cons - Poor maneuverability. - Long and high citadel. - Torpedo launch distance too short (4 km). 
The higher the level of the ship, the more varied the threats awaiting it in battle. The ability to resist most of them is what distinguishes the most successful participants naval battles... The Soviet Tier VI cruiser Budyonny has this ability. He himself is ready to bring a lot of trouble to the enemy, regardless of his class. Shooting destroyers, destroying cruiser citadels, burning out battleships with aircraft carriers - all this is under the power of his artillery, which, unlike its predecessor "Kirov", is also very easy to use. Anti-aircraft weapons also look solid. When taking command skills that enhance air defense, "Budyonny" is ready to repel most attacks from the sky. Cruiser booking is also worth considering. Most classmates with a caliber of 152 mm or less cannot penetrate the Budyonny citadel at a distance of more than 10 km. In short, the transition to this cruiser should seem pleasant to most players, but it also has some tangible drawbacks, first of all, the size. The huge citadel makes itself felt, and a successful salvo of the battleship can knock it out even if it hits the nose. The dimensions also negatively affect maneuverability, the steering time is 8.6 seconds. You expect great survivability from such a giant, but no, the cruiser's HP is 30,500 units (not small, but not impressive either). And, perhaps, the last: the torpedo armament of "Budyonny", despite the five-tube apparatus, can be called symbolic. 
Tactics "Budyonny", being a logical continuation of "Kirov", best of all realizes its potential at long and medium ranges of battle: for this it has excellent ballistics, a high probability of setting fire to land mines, a record firing range and a spotter. At the same time, the high rate of fire of the guns and the speed of the turret traverse make it possible not to experience discomfort when approaching destroyers, and good armor - with cruisers of the same age. If on "Kirov" you always have to avoid such situations, then "Budyonny" with a certain selection of opponents may well become impudent. Of course, such tactics are not suitable in battles against Tiers VII-VIII, and Budyonny often brings them to them. Here, caution will be the key to your success, right choice goal and flank. The speed of the cruiser allows you to move around the map coolly during the battle and find yourself exactly where it will be stronger. In short: Use your trump cards ("Budyonny" has enough of them). In every battle, be sure to pay attention to the selection of ships in teams. If something does not go according to plan, for example a duel at a short distance, do not panic, boldly shoot the enemy. Armor-piercing to help you. 
Commander Skills The tactics of playing on Budyonny are also highly dependent on the choice of commander skills. Here you are given two different ways: to further increase the effectiveness of artillery, or to bring up to its level the second type of weapon - air defense. V team play and in battles with older ships, the option with air defense seems to be more preferable, despite the fact that you will not be able to outshine Cleveland. But the first option is also worthy of attention, especially since it will require fewer command skill points to implement it. Option 1: "Duelist" First level "Fundamentals of damage control" Fires are a very urgent problem at any level of battles. Second level "Master gunner" We reduce the time of turning the towers to 22.8 seconds. The third level "Vigilance" With such and such size it will be difficult to dodge torpedoes. It is better to know about the threat in advance. The fourth level "Explosives Technician" We turn our commander into a real pyromaniac. This buildup of skills will require 10 points. We recommend spending the rest on the following: "Artillery alert" A skill that saves lives during long-range firefights. However, if you are confident in your attentiveness and experience, you can refuse it. "Superintendent" Additional equipment will definitely come in handy in protracted battles. "Master of Disguise" Reduces the visibility range of your cruiser from ships to 11.6 km. An optional but nice bonus. Option 2: "Air Defense Master" The first level "Basic fire training" + 10% to the effectiveness of air defense is what we need. Second level "Master Gunner" Do not forget about the artillery. The best skill for "Budyonny" is at the second level. The third level "Superintendent" Equipment is a very useful assistant in the fight against both aircraft and ships. The fourth level "Enhanced fire training" + 20% to the air defense firing range. By and large, for the sake of this skill, everything was started. "Manual air defense control" We further increase the effectiveness of anti-aircraft weapons. The main thing is to always keep an eye on the incoming squadrons and not forget to highlight them. This build-up of skills will require 14 points. For the rest, it will not be superfluous to take "Artillery alert" and "Vigilance". Upgrades “Main caliber guns. Modification 1 ”Maximum protection of the gun mounts is especially important. “Fire control system. Modification 1 "or" Air defense. Modification 2 "It's simple. If you have chosen the path of strengthening AA defenses, be sure to take “AA defenses. Modification 2 ". If not - “Fire control system. Modification 1 "will add a little more efficiency to the artillery. In general, the volleys of "Budyonny" and without it are quite heaps, but the range of the air defense without modification leaves much to be desired. “Power plant. Modification 1 "Budyonny does not suffer from critical engine damage, but insurance will not hurt, because a stupor is the worst thing that can happen in battle. “Steering machines. Modification 2 "Reduces rudder shifting time to 6.9 seconds. The best choice! Modules As you upgrade the cruiser, you can improve the hull and the "Fire control system". The MSA will increase the firing range by 1.5 km, and the hull will give a tangible complex increase in performance. Both will be very useful, but we recommend starting with the case.
World of Warships. Vanga of the Soviet branch of cruisers.
(attention!) information for a certain circle nerd faces, we are talking about World game of Warships.
It is done, on the horizon the introduction of the line of Soviet Cruisers into commercial operation!
On the forum did not insert, because the text is too large, let it lie here.
Here's what will happen:
1 orlan- well, in practice we know what kind of apparatus (sand pornography with air defense)
2.New Is an armored cruiser Imperial Russia... The world's first "25-knot" multipurpose cruiser
Displacement: 7428 t
Length: 134.1 m
4.Svetlana - armored cruiser (analogue of the French cruiser "Friant").
6 × 152/45 mm, 10 × 47 mm
From 1904: 6 × 152/45 mm, 4 × 75/50, 8 × 47 mm, 2 × 37 mm
7.Schors and 8.Chapaev
Travel speed: 32.5 knots (60.19 km / h) (relatively nimble "small")
Displacement: 11,130 t
Length: 200 m
Width: 18.7 m
The difference between levels 7 and 8 will most likely not be very different, in fact, this is one line of ships. Provided that the 7th level is a "paper version", and the 8th level is already a reality. And also this ship "Kartonka" (we look at "Mikhail Kutuzov" in terms of performance characteristics, it is very similar to "Chapaev")
"Budyonny" is located exactly in the middle of the development branch of Soviet cruisers. Tier VI does not allow him to be classified as an elder "brother in arms", but many of their traits are already discernible in this ship. It owes its characteristics to the light cruiser of Project 94, and its name is to one of the first marshals of the USSR, Semyon Mikhailovich Budyonny. True, World of Warships players have already endowed it with another flattering nickname - "Soviet Cleveland". Let's see if a promising newcomer can really threaten the fame of the famous "American".
pros
A very strong battery of nine 152mm guns. Rate of fire - 7.5 rounds per minute. The firing range is 16.6 km with an improved FCS module. Rotate towers 180 degrees in just 25 seconds. We can say this the best guns caliber 152 mm.
High probability of causing a fire high-explosive projectile... + Maximum speed among Tier VI cruisers - 35 knots.
The presence of a spotter aircraft.
Sufficiently effective air defense.
Minuses
- Poor maneuverability.
- Long and high citadel.
- Torpedo launch distance too short (4 km).
The higher the level of the ship, the more varied the threats awaiting it in battle. The ability to withstand most of them is what distinguishes the most successful participants in naval battles. The Soviet Tier VI cruiser Budyonny has this ability. He himself is ready to deliver a lot of trouble to the enemy, regardless of his class.
Shooting destroyers, destroying cruiser citadels, burning out battleships with aircraft carriers - all this is within the power of his artillery, which, unlike the Kirov's predecessor, is also very easy to use. Anti-aircraft weapons also look solid. When taking command skills that enhance air defense, "Budyonny" is ready to repel most attacks from the sky. Cruiser booking is also worth considering. Most of the "classmates" with a caliber of 152 mm and less cannot penetrate the citadel of "Budyonny" at a distance of more than 10 km. In short, the transition to this cruiser should seem pleasant to most players.
But it also has tangible drawbacks, first of all, these are dimensions. The huge citadel makes itself felt, and a successful salvo of the battleship can knock it out even if it hits the nose. The dimensions also negatively affect maneuverability, the steering time is 8.6 seconds. You expect great survivability from such a giant, but no, the cruiser's HP is 30,500 units (not small, but not impressive either). And, perhaps, the last: the torpedo armament of "Budyonny", despite the five-tube apparatus, can be called symbolic.
Tactics
"Budyonny", being a logical continuation of "Kirov", best of all realizes its potential at long and medium-range combat distances: for this it has excellent ballistics, a high probability of setting fire to landmines, a record firing range and a spotter. At the same time, the high rate of fire of the guns and the speed of the turret traverse make it possible not to experience discomfort when approaching destroyers, and good armor - with cruisers of the same age. If on "Kirov" you always have to avoid such situations, then "Budyonny" with a certain selection of opponents may well become impudent. Of course, such tactics are not suitable in battles against Tiers VII-VIII, and Budyonny often brings them to them. Here, the key to your success will be caution, the right choice of target and flank. The speed of the cruiser allows you to move around the map coolly during the battle and find yourself exactly where it will be stronger.
In a word:
1. Use your trump cards ("Budyonny" has enough of them).
2. In every battle, be sure to pay attention to the selection of ships in teams.
3. If something does not go according to plan, for example a duel at a short distance, do not panic, feel free to shoot the enemy. Armor-piercing to help you.
Commander skills
The tactics of playing on "Budyonny" also strongly depends on the choice of command skills. Here you are given two different ways: to further increase the effectiveness of artillery, or to bring up the second type of weaponry - air defense to its level. In a team game and battles with older ships, the AA defense option seems to be more preferable, despite the fact that you will not be able to outshine Cleveland. But the first option is also worthy of attention, especially since it will require fewer command skill points to implement it.
Option 1: "Duelist"
First level
"Fundamentals of damage control" Fires are very actual problem at any battle level.
Second level
"Master Gunner" Reducing the turret traverse time to 22.8 seconds.
Third level
"Vigilance" With this size it will be difficult to dodge torpedoes. It is better to know about the threat in advance.
Fourth level
"Explosives Technician" We turn our commander into a real pyromaniac.
Such a build-up of skills will require 10 points. We recommend spending the rest on the following:
"Artillery alert"
A life-saving skill in long-range gunfights. However, if you are confident in your attentiveness and experience, you can refuse it.
"Superintendent"
Additional equipment will definitely come in handy in protracted battles.
"Master of Disguise"
Decreases the visibility range of your cruiser from ships to 11.6 km. An optional but nice bonus.
Option 2: "Air Defense Master"
First level
"Basic fire training" + 10% to the effectiveness of air defense - what we need.
Second level
"Master Gunner" Let's not forget about the artillery. The best skill for "Budyonny" is at the second level.
Third level
"Superintendent" Equipment is a very useful assistant in the fight against both aircraft and ships.
Fourth level
"Enhanced fire training"
20% to the air defense firing range. By and large, for the sake of this skill, everything was started.
"Manual air defense control"
We are further increasing the effectiveness of anti-aircraft weapons. The main thing is to always keep an eye on the flying squadrons and remember to highlight them.
Such a build-up of skills will require 14 points. For the rest, it will not be superfluous to take "Artillery alert" and "Vigilance".
Modernization
“Main caliber guns. Modification 1 "
Maximum protection of gun mounts is especially important.
“Fire control system. Modification 1 "or" Air defense. Modification 2 "
Everything is simple here. If you have chosen the path of strengthening AA defenses, be sure to take “AA defenses. Modification 2 ". If not - “Fire control system. Modification 1 "will add a little more efficiency to the artillery. In general, the volleys of "Budyonny" and without it are quite heaps, but the range of the air defense without modification leaves much to be desired.
“Power plant. Modification 1 "
The Budyonny does not suffer from critical engine damage, but insurance will not hurt, because a stupor is the worst thing that can happen in battle.
“Steering machines. Modification 2 "
Reduces rudder shifting time to 6.9 seconds. The best choice!
Modules
As you level up the cruiser, you can improve the hull and the Fire Control System. The MSA will increase the firing range by 1.5 km, and the hull will give a tangible complex increase in performance. Both will be very useful, but we recommend starting with the case.
), then starting from Tier V these are very large ships with a large circulation radius, designed to play from a distance, that is, typical ships of the second (or even third) line. Soviet cruisers can be recommended for upgrading in exactly two cases:
- if you do not like a vigorous ship's chopper at close and medium range, and want to shoot high-explosive shells from behind the backs of allies most of the time;
- you want to play exactly on the Soviet technique.
Commander skills
A few words on the choice of the commander's skills for the Soviet. I have a separate one for pumping the commander, many Soviet cruisers are even given as examples.
In short, the commander upgrade for Soviet cruisers from Tier V to X depends on the caliber of the guns. So, on cruisers with 6 inch guns (up to 152 mm inclusive) it makes sense to take the skill level 4 "Inertial fuse", while on cruisers with guns larger caliber you can take some other, more useful skill.
Tier I and II cruisers Orlan and Novik belong to the type of ships that can be safely completed for free experience. Playing on these ships, you will not find anything interesting for yourself, you will only waste your time.
The premium ships Diana, Aurora and Oleg will also be of interest only to passionate pixel collectors.
Tier III cruiser Bogatyr
Russian cruiser imperial navy The hero is one of the brightest bending sticks in the sandbox, which is why it is interesting. Like any ship with guns less than 139 mm in caliber, it requires leveling the commander's Basic Fire Training skill to reach its full potential (don't forget about Desperate).
Want a monstrous bend in the sand? Keep the Bogatyr, pump the commander and bend over.
Tier IV cruiser Svetlana
After the developers of World of Warships cut the level of battles for Tier IV ships, the cruiser of the Russian Imperial Navy, Svetlana, began to play with new colors. This is an excellent high-explosive plume at its level with a preferential level of battles.
In total, Svetlana turned out to be a well-balanced, but completely passable ship.
Tier V cruiser Kirov
The Soviet Tier V cruiser Kirov is a large cardboard hull with low rate of fire and poor ballistics. Big sizes and weak armor automatically makes you a target number 2 (after all, there is also American Omaha and its equally tasty sisterships!), and a large circulation radius does not give the right to make a mistake when making a maneuver. All maneuvers on Kirov should be thought out in advance, so God forbid not to substitute the board for a volley of enemy ships.
As a result, at Tier V, we have a frankly weak and uncomfortable ship, which seems to be supposed to play from a distance, but the ballistics with the rate of fire let us down.
Tier V premium cruiser Red Crimea
Soviet premium cruiser Tier V Red Crimea was twice awarded for completing simple combat missions, and therefore many World of Warships players have it. The ship itself is a Tier IV cruiser Svetlana, moved to a higher level.
Red Crimea shows itself well in battles of its level, but it looks rather weak against sixes. Playing at the very bottom of the list, Red Crimea may not be enough, and therefore it is hardly worth buying it for money.
Tier V premium cruiser Murmansk
In the old days (around 2015), the Soviet Tier V premium cruiser Murmansk was one of the best premium ships for silver farming in World of Warships. So if you watch enthusiastic guides on it, carefully look at the date of the video! This was fixed long ago.
The ship is an Omaha clone with all its pros and cons. Currently it has an exclusively collectible value, you can verify this completely free of charge by opening and downloading American Omaha. However, for sure even Murmansk in its present form has its admirers.
Tier VI cruiser Budyonny
Budyonny is one of the best cruisers soviet branches pumping. Reasonable dimensions for a Soviet cruiser, excellent for Tier VI 152 mm guns and a large number of inexperienced players in battles make the game on Budyonny quite comfortable. For achievement good results on Budyonny you don't have to play the "second line cruiser", this is the last Soviet cruiser that you can play aggressively throughout the battle.
The presence of two three-gun turrets in front and only one turret in the back allows you to go nose-down at enemy ships with a light heart, because the damage per minute rate drops by only a third, and the probability of tanking enemy shells, including due to misses, increases many times over. Due to the high rate of fire and the presence of GAP, Budyonny is also an excellent hunter for what can and should be used.
In general, Budyonny is an excellent ship that stands out sharply against the background of all previous and many subsequent Soviet cruisers.
Tier VI premium cruiser Admiral Makarov
This Tier VI promotional cruiser is a clone of the German cruiser Nürnberg, but with a Soviet hydroacoustic search (GAP). One of interesting features of the ship are towers of circular rotation, which allows you to very quickly transfer them from side to side when tanking with the bow.
The cruiser Admiral Makarov can be obtained by connecting to the "Game" tariff from the Internet operator "Rostelecom". Other players can try Makarov's original gameplay by opening and downloading the German Nürnberg.
Tier VI premium cruiser Molotov
As it is written in the official wiki of the World of Warships game, the Soviet premium Tier VI cruiser Molotov "is, in fact, an improved version of Kirov", and it is impossible to argue with that!
The gun turrets on Molotov stand straight from Dmitry Donskoy, and this, for a second, is a Tier IX cruiser with downright masterpiece armor penetration, ballistics and rate of fire. Like Donskoy, Molotov knocks out citadels from enemy cruisers from any distance with armor-piercing, and deals good damage and sets fire to high-explosive shells.
It should be remembered that our corps is from Kirov, and the citadel's booking is only slightly better. When playing the Molotov, you need to be especially careful and in no case substitute.
Should you buy a Molotov? If you like Soviet cruisers, play on armor-piercing shells, and want to enjoy bending at Tier VI, or shoot down bonus experience once a day for pumping a commander, then definitely yes. But for the most effective farming of silver, it is better to look after a ship of a higher tier. After all, a premium ship, the higher its silver and experience farm.
Tier VII cruiser Shchors
The Soviet Tier VII cruiser Shchors is a gigantic shell catcher with an epic circulation radius of 900 meters. Fortunately, having twelve 152 mm guns in four three-gun turrets at Tier VII, Shchors, as a rule, manages to throw enough land mines in order not to drop the damage statistics below the baseboard and not give the developers the slightest reason to somehow improve this ship!
Shchors is the quintessence of the concept of "second line cruiser", so quickly it develops from any successful salvo.
Tier VIII cruiser Chapaev
Everything is learned by comparison, and the Soviet Tier VIII cruiser Chapaev is no exception. After Shchors, it looks very good due to its slightly smaller size and due to the presence of a radar station (radar).
But in comparison with the premium Tier VIII cruiser Mikhail Kutuzov, Chapay is somehow not very good. So I propose to go straight to Kutuzov.
Premium Tier VIII cruiser Mikhail Kutuzov
If the Soviet Tier VIII premium cruiser Mikhail Kutuzov is inferior to Chapaev in any way, it is the lack of a radar. However, this is more than offset by the presence of a smoke generator at Kutuzov, a longer firing range, a smaller circulation radius, excellent air defense and torpedoes with a record range of 8 km for Soviet cruisers. So, answering the question "how is Mikhail Kutuzov", I will say that this is an excellent premium Tier VIII ship, not bending at all for the money, what do you mean!
However, it should be understood that Mikhail Kutuzov is a typical Soviet cruiser, which means a game in support of allied ships and a panic fear of focus from the opponents. It's just that Mikhail Kutuzov is much more convenient and more relevant than Chapaev. Shoot out the smoke with limit distance, illuminating the torpedoes with hydroacoustics, and after scattering the smoke, torpedoing the nearest strait with torpedoes and going into the sunset, famously shifting the rudders - this is not about Chapaev.
Note that in the picture I painted there is nothing about air defense, because although there is one on Kutuzov, premium ships are intended primarily for pumping commanders from existing ships. And weak air defense is just a feature of most Soviet cruisers. No matter what kind of pumped light cruiser you put the commander on Kutuzov, he probably will not have air defense skills.
Should I take Mikhail Kutuzov? If you like Soviet cruisers - definitely worth it, Mikhail Kutuzov is an excellent farm for silver and experience for pumping commanders.
While a real guide to Soviet cruisers was being prepared, Mikhail Kutuzov was removed from the game and took its rightful place in the most imbalanced premium ships that can no longer be bought.
Tier IX cruiser Dmitry Donskoy
The Soviet Tier IX cruiser Dmitry Donskoy has a monstrous size, and therefore suffers greatly from any attention given by the players of the opposite team. The ship does not hold the blow at all, so Dmitry Donskoy simply shoots landmines from the maximum distance for the main part of the battle and tries not to fall into focus, since landmines do good damage and set fire to great. Armor-piercing shells perfectly knock out citadels from enemy cruisers from almost any distance, just have time to charge armor-piercing shells without the Master Loader skill, while the enemy ship is turning, it will be problematic - Dmitry Donskoy's basic reload time is 12.5 seconds.
Well, again, everything is learned by comparison. Artillery and armor-piercing shells near Moscow are much better.
In general, the ship is a typical "second line cruiser" and, due to its size, can seem boring and uncomfortable. However, this is a feature of the entire branch of Soviet cruisers, and Dmitry Donskoy is simply her bright representative, no more.
Tier X cruiser Moscow
The pinnacle of the branch of Soviet cruisers was the Tier X cruiser Moscow. The ship turned out to be very unusual, but interesting. Perhaps the main feature of Moscow is a very weak camouflage, the ship glows like any other on the whole map. It is, of course, up to you to decide whether to install the "Disguise System" upgrade on the ship, and whether to take the "Master of Disguise" skill to the commander. However, it should be understood that good camouflage not only reduces the likelihood of falling under focus during the initial illumination, but also, with careful play, allows you to "disappear" on the ground 20 seconds after the ceasefire.
Another feature of the ship is the 220 mm guns with a base reload time of just over 10 seconds and a huge firing range of 19.4 km. Both the reload speed and the firing range can be increased by installing the appropriate upgrades. High-explosive fragmentation projectiles of 220 mm guns set fire perfectly, while armor-piercing projectiles simply masterpiece knock out citadels from enemy cruisers, and from almost any distance. It would seem that Molotov and Dmitry Donskoy also have excellent weapons, but, as they say, everything is learned by comparison. Of the shortcomings of the main caliber, it should be noted that the turrets are quite tight for a cruiser.
Unlike other ships of the upgrade branch, the cruiser Moscow is completely devoid of torpedoes, but taking into account all the features of the ship, that is, long-range artillery, huge size and the general cardboard, as well as the presence of GAP and radar, they are especially for Moscow and useless.
The ship's armor is just enough for enemy shells to be cocked without any through penetrations there. And the citadel is located high enough above the water, so it is highly discouraged to substitute in Moscow. On the other hand, Moscow has a very well-armored bow end, which makes it possible to successfully tank with the bow. This is also facilitated by the arrangement of the towers (2 towers at the bow, one at the stern), in which the damage per minute when firing only from the bow towers is reduced by only a third.
The large size and, accordingly, poor camouflage, the large length of the ship and, accordingly, the large circulation radius, as well as the high side with the citadel sticking out above the water make Moscow an excellent projectile trap. As, however, and most Soviet cruisers.
The key to a successful game in Moscow is not to be exposed to enemy shots, if necessary, to tank with your nose, covering the sides with islands, and not to get under focus. All maneuvers are recommended to be performed behind the islands. A game in Moscow is always a game from a distance or from the islands using the HAP and radar. However, as on all other Soviet cruisers.
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“... Wiping the blood flowing from a split eyebrow with the back of his hand, Political Officer Shkrofsky made his way through the narrow gloomy corridors of the Iron Fist. He realized that the cruiser was doomed - that he himself was doomed if he stayed on the sinking ship. But none of this mattered to Shkrofsky. All of his being was turned on only one goal: to get to the reserve missile post in the stern and launch the deadly Lezginka towards Great Britain. The projectile plane will cope - the political officer was sure of this. And then he, Shkrofsky, will finally be avenged ...
... The fire, caused by the second British missile, reached the cellars of the artillery towers, and in a terrifying burst of smoky flames, the Iron Fist split in half and disappeared into the waves ... "
Novelization of the science fiction film "Iron Fist", BBC, 1965.
In 1922, the state of affairs with cruisers in the young navy Soviet Russia it could not even be called awful: it was nothing at all. The Soviet fleet simply did not include a single turbine cruiser. modern type... All cruising forces of the Baltic Fleet consisted of five obsolete armored and three armored cruisers, a significant part of which was laid down in the last century. Their combat value was extremely limited at best.
Things were even worse at other theaters. The only cruiser that survived the intervention and the civil war on the Black Sea was the faulty Memory of Mercury, forgotten by Wrangel in Sevastopol. In the Arctic Ocean there were the "Varyag" and "Askold" returned by the British and the archaic "Peresvet", which, with some stretch, claimed the title of an armored cruiser. To top it off, absolutely all available cruisers were faulty to one degree or another.
Nevertheless, there was no choice, and in 1922 the RKKF had to start with what it was.
In 1923-1927 was held overhaul armored cruisers "Rurik" ("Profintern") and "Bayan", and for the repair of the latter, the same type "Admiral Makarov" was partially disassembled. Although both cruisers were obsolete, they were nevertheless still sufficiently useful for auxiliary service. The Profintern, reclassified as battleships of the 2nd class, was included in the Second Line Squadron along with two battleships of the Andrew the First-Called class. The renovated "Bayan" was transferred to the Northern Arctic Ocean- scare the Norwegian poachers.
The armored cruisers (excluding the Aurora) were almost all written off and scrapped in 1922-1923. The exception was the Bogatyr cruiser.
Preserved as an experimental ship and a floating base, "Bogatyr" was disarmed in 1927-1928 and subsequently converted into a seaplane carrier. The towers were dismantled on the cruiser, and in return they installed an above-deck hangar, cranes and a launch catapult purchased in Germany in the stern. The ship's air group consisted of five flying boats: three more could be stored on the hangar roof. Due to the relatively high speed (23 knots), the seaplane carrier, named “Krasny Bogatyr”, could effectively interact with battleships of the “Sevastopol” class, carrying out naval reconnaissance and artillery target designation.
The rest of the old ships were determined to be sent for scrap. Suddenly, in 1922, international politics intervened. In 1923, the Kuomintang government in China, frantically seeking funds to strengthen its fleet, bought the armored cruiser "Russia" and the armored cruiser "Askold" for $ 500,000. The USSR, which was not a member of the League of Nations at that time, was not bound by an arms embargo, and the proposed price was still higher than the cost of the ships as scrap metal.
Six light cruisers of the "Svetlana" type stood on the stocks of Petrograd and Nikolaev in varying degrees of readiness. In 1923, two of them - "Admiral Nakhimov" and "Svetlana", which were in the highest degree of readiness, it was decided to complete the construction according to the original project, with minor changes caused by the experience of the past world war. Under the designations, respectively, "Red Crimea" and "Chervona Ukraine", these cruisers entered service in 1927-1928.
Soviet admirals were well aware that the completion of the the original project the ships laid down before the war did not remove the problem, but only somewhat mitigated its severity. Against the background of high-speed heavy cruisers with 203-mm artillery, which entered service with the leading naval powers in the second half of the 1920s, the completed Svetlans, with their 30-knot speed and armament of fifteen 130-mm guns, looked simply pathetic. And yet it was necessary to continue to work with them: the difficult economic situation in the USSR and the then dominant doctrine of the "small fleet" practically did not make it possible to obtain funds for laying new cruisers.
In 1927, the designers' attention was drawn to the unfinished cruiser "Admiral Lazarev".
It was decided to complete this cruiser according to a radically redesigned project. The engineers took into account the main drawback of the Svetlana-class light cruisers - weak armament - and tried to compensate for it by installing the newest 180-mm BK-1 guns in four single-gun turrets on the new cruiser.
The project was only partially successful. Although the 180mm 60-caliber cannons had excellent ballistic performance, their trunks were heavily overpowered and quickly burned out. And the gun turrets themselves suffered from a lot of shortcomings. As a result, the idea of re-equipping the unfinished Svetlana with 180-mm guns had to be abandoned.
The comparative failure of Krasny Kavkaz, however, did not stop the engineering search. The 1929 shipbuilding program included the completion of another Svetlana-class ship, the Admiral Butakov cruiser, which was stationed at the outfitting wall of the Putilovsky Zavod. Initially, it was also going to be armed with 180-mm guns, but in view of the doubts that arose, it was decided to revise the composition of the armament.
Renamed "Red Ural", the new cruiser was armed as the main caliber with eight 152-mm 50-caliber guns of the 1908 model, taken from the "Shkval" type monitors. These rather powerful guns fired at a distance of up to 17,300 meters at a rate of four rounds per minute, and most importantly, they were quite reliable.
It was also possible to take into account a number of other shortcomings of the previous project. So, the height of the side in the bow was increased, which improved the seaworthiness of the ship. Auxiliary artillery was positioned more rationally. The new cruiser entered service in 1934.
The fate of two more Svetlans, Admiral Spiridov and Admiral Greig, remained uncertain for a long time. These ships were stopped by the construction in the least degree of readiness, and contractor work on them was only partially completed. In the 1920s, even a plan was considered to convert the unfinished cruisers into tankers! With great difficulty, the fleet managed to prove that such a "conversion" simply could not be effective because of the narrow, with small internal volumes of the hulls of the ships.
As a result, in 1929 it was decided to complete these ships as mine-layer cruisers. The armament of the cruisers was reduced to six 130-mm guns, instead of installing in the aft part under the deck covered with bulletproof armor rails for 180 minutes. Another 100 minutes could be additionally taken to the upper deck. Immediately before entering service, eight 76-mm anti-aircraft guns and four anti-aircraft machine guns were additionally installed on the cruisers (in 1937 they were replaced by eight 100-mm anti-aircraft guns and six 45-mm machine guns), thereby giving them the opportunity to serve as air defense ships in the squadron. Under the names "Chief Divisional Officer Kotovsky" and "Chief Divisional Officer Shchors", these cruisers entered service in 1933.
New cruisers Soviet fleet
The completion in 1928-1934 of six old light cruisers of the "Svetlana" class corrected the situation, but only partially. The Soviet fleet still lacked fully modern cruisers - and worst of all, Soviet shipbuilding did not have adequate experience in building large warships at all. I had to get out of the situation - to turn to foreign experience.
In 1932, diplomatic relations between the USSR and France improved so much that it became possible to conclude a Franco-Soviet non-aggression pact. The warming of relations also affected the naval sphere.
On March 11, 1933, the Soviet government requested the naval arsenal in Brest for the possibility of building two Foch-class heavy cruisers for the USSR. The proposal put the French government in a difficult position: despite a significant warming of relations, many conservative politicians of the Third Republic fiercely protested against the supply of weapons to the communists. On the other hand, the French military feared that in case of refusal, the USSR would simply turn to the Italians, and the trust between the nations would be severely damaged.
As a result, after long negotiations and consultations, a compromise decision was made in 1934 - France built two ships, but supplied them without weapons, which should have been produced and installed in the USSR. The Council of Ministers of the USSR agreed with the proposal (since the capacity of the Soviet shipyards was still not enough) and in the spring of 1934 two cruisers were laid down on the stocks in Brest.
The cruisers laid down in France were a technical variation between the Suffren-class heavy cruisers (which were the official prototype) and the newest heavy cruiser Algerie. They had a total displacement of 13,210 tons at a speed of 32.5 knots.
The armor protection of the cruisers consisted of an 80-mm belt covering central part housing. The belt stretched from the bow to the aft towers of the main caliber, providing reliable protection from 150 mm and acceptable - from 203 mm guns. A 70mm horizontal deck rested on top of the belt.
The main armament of the ships (symbolically named Varlene and Dombrowski, after the revolutionary leaders of the Paris Commune) consisted of three three-gun turrets with 180mm 57-caliber B-1-P guns, developed for the new generation of Soviet cruisers. The French were given all the necessary specifications for the manufacture of cellars and barbets: the installations themselves were made in Russia and installed on the cruiser after their arrival. Auxiliary armament consisted of six B-34-BM 100 mm universal guns and eight 21-K 45 mm semi-automatic guns.
Both cruisers were launched in 1935 and were officially handed over to the USSR in the fall of 1936. In May 1937, the still unarmed "Dombrovsky" made the transition to the Baltic and stood at the outfitting wall of the Baltic Shipyard to install artillery. "Varlaine" was delayed in France due to the complication of Soviet-Italian relations in connection with civil war in Spain, and arrived in the USSR only at the end of 1937.
These ships were the newest and most modern cruisers of the Soviet fleet. The Soviet government actively used them for the political demonstration of the resurgent power of the USSR. "Dombrowski" in 1938 made a large voyage across the Atlantic, visiting the ports of the United States, Mexico, the Pacific Confederation and Chile. The visit of the Soviet cruiser to New York caused a lot of excitement: American naval officers did not miss the opportunity to visit the ship, carefully studying its main elements.
Finally, in 1935, the USSR began laying the foundation for its first cruisers. Two "medium" cruisers of Project 26 - "Kirov" and "Voroshilov" - were laid down in October 1935 for the Baltic and Black Seas, respectively.
These 8500-ton ships were a combination of the Soviet constructive solutions, Italian technical advice and French experience. They were armed with a standard combination of nine 180mm guns in three three-gun turrets. The 180mm cannons of the new design were not as overpowered as the first 60-caliber guns, but they still suffered from barrel burnout, which forced a constant revision of ballistics.
The initial design of the cruiser provided for a standard displacement of no more than 7,500 tons. But later, under the influence of the French experience, it was decided to increase it by 1,500 tons, which made it possible to install more powerful and effective booking, which included an 80-mm armor belt. The speed dropped from the design 37 knots to 35.4 knots, but it was still considered more than sufficient.
Two cruisers of Project 26 entered service in 1938-1939. In 1936-1937, it was decided to lay down four more ships according to the improved project 26 bis: one for the Baltic and the Black Sea, and two for Pacific Ocean... These cruisers - "Maxim Gorky", "Molotov", "Kalinin" and "Kaganovich" - entered service in 1940-1942.
Thus, by 1937, the number of built and laid down Soviet cruisers with 180-mm guns was 8 units. The Anglo-Soviet naval agreement of 1937, which recognized these cruisers as "heavy", stopped the further development of 180-mm cruisers in the USSR. Instead, in 1939 it was planned to build a huge series of 10,000-ton, formally “light” cruisers of the “Chapaev” type, but in 1941 these plans were suspended due to the outbreak of war.
Cruisers of the USSR during the war.
At the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, Soviet Union possessed quite significant cruising forces. In service or under construction were eight medium and one light cruiser with 180 mm guns, one light cruiser with 150 mm guns, two outdated light cruisers with 130 mm guns, and two minesag cruisers. In addition, two old armored cruisers - "Profintern" (renamed "Spanish Republic" in 1938) and "Bayan" - played the role of coastal defense ships.
The deployment of the cruising forces was as follows:
KBF - "Dombrovsky", "Kirov", "Maksim Gorky", "Red Ural" and "Chief Divisional Officer Kotovsky"
Black Sea Fleet - "Varlen", "Voroshilov", "Molotov", "Krasny Kavkaz", "Chervona Ukraine", "Krasny Krym", "Chief division officer Shchors"
Pacific Fleet - under construction "Kalinin", "Kaganovich".
From the very beginning of the war, the cruiser of the Red Banner Baltic Fleet suffered a heavy combat work... The cruisers intensively disrupted the work of the German minelayers trying to "lock" the Gulf of Finland, and provided cover for the Soviet minesweepers and minesweepers operating against the German forces. Additionally, the Baltic Fleet's cruising forces also regularly provided fire support to the Soviet forces, and attacked the Finnish coast. In the fall of 1942, the “chief commander Kotovsky” sank after being blown up by two mines.
In April 1943, Goebbels stated in one of his speeches that “ most of the Soviet fleet in the Baltic is destroyed by the Luftwaffe, and the remnants are so intimidated that even Stalin's threats cannot force them to go to sea”. This boastful assurance aroused the real ire of Stalin, who ordered an immediate demonstration operation. On May 11, 1943, three cruisers - "Dombrovsky", "Kirov" and "Red Ural" - crept through the previously explored minefields of the Gulf of Finland and made a short raid into eastern part Baltic Sea by sinking the German steamship Austloff. Military significance The raid was small, but in terms of propaganda, it generated considerable excitement among Soviet citizens.
By the beginning of hostilities, the Black Sea Fleet had greatest number cruisers - seven units - from all three main Soviet fleets. He was the only one who had a "permanent" enemy - on June 21, 1941, at Hitler's request, a combination of two Italian light cruisers - "Alberico da Barbiano" and "Bartolomeo Colleoni" - and six destroyers, passed the straits and relocated to Constanta. Further, this “ Imperio squadrone di incrociatori del Mar Nero”Caused a lot of trouble for the fleet.
The Black Sea cruisers had to do the most intensive combat work in 1942-1943. They provided support, fire and transport support for the 1942 Kerch-Feodosiya landing operation. In many ways, it was thanks to the support provided by the fleet that Manstein's offensive against Feodosia on January 18 was thwarted, which allowed the Red Army to hold the front and in the summer of 1942 to break the blockade of Sevastopol.
In August 1942, the light cruiser Chervona Ukraine was killed in a battle with Italian cruisers. This happened on August 18, when an old ship escorting a group of small transports was discovered by German air reconnaissance, which brought a detachment of "Alberico da Barbiano", "Bartolomeo Colleoni" and two destroyers at it.
Although the old light cruiser with 130mm guns had little chance against two outnumbered Italian light cruisers with 152mm artillery, Chervona Ukraina bravely entered the battle, trying to buy time for the transports to withdraw. At full speed, the Soviet cruiser rushed to the Italian detachment, which, trying to stay out of the radius of destruction Soviet guns, was forced to step back. The transports managed to escape, but “Chervona Ukraine” got three hits and practically lost its course.
From immediate death, the old cruiser saved the approach to the aid of the "Red Caucasus". The light cruiser, rushing in at maximum speed, fired a salvo of her overpowered 180-millimeter guns at the maximum distance, which lay behind the Italian cruisers. Considering that they are dealing with a new heavy cruiser of the "Kirov" class, the Italians thought it best to retreat.
The heavily damaged Chervona Ukraine, however, remained afloat. Soon other ships of the Black Sea Fleet came to the rescue, and the old cruiser, barely developing 7 knots, trudged to Sevastopol. But the German aviation, which rose from the airfields of the Crimea, struck a blow at the squadron. Despite the desperate efforts of the escort ships and Soviet fighters, barely moving "Chervona Ukraine" received two more hits with 500-kg bombs, completely lost its speed, and the commander of the Black Sea Fleet decided to leave the ship.
In the summer of 1943, after numerous Axis failures, Benito Mussolini realized that he was on the wrong side and began looking for a way out of the war. In August 1943, after secret negotiations with Roosevelt and Stalin, Mussolini officially resigned and was placed under “house arrest,” and Italy concluded a separate peace with the United Nations. Under the terms of the armistice, the Italian ships on the Black Sea moved to Novorossiysk, where they were interned. After the start of the German invasion of Italy, both cruisers were requisitioned by the Soviet government, and commissioned by the USSR Black Sea Fleet as “Kerch” and “Evpatoria”. Under these names, they took part in the final operations of the war against Romania and Bulgaria.
The largest scale work ended up on two Pacific cruisers. They were the only ships of this class in the Soviet Navy that had the freedom to enter the oceans. In 1942, the newly commissioned Kalinin and Kaganovich were transferred through the Panama Canal to the Northern Fleet (moreover, due to the lack of anti-aircraft guns in Vladivostok, the ships were temporarily armed with 102-mm British anti-aircraft guns and pomami ").
In the Northern Fleet, Pacific cruisers mainly operated in escorting convoys. In the winter of 1943, they took part in the battle of Svalbard, where they opposed German light cruisers. In the summer of 1943, during Operation Torkhammer, a German naval attack on Iceland and the Faroe Islands, these two cruisers were the only ships flying the Soviet flag to take an active part in the battle. Together with other light cruisers, they covered a detachment of British escort aircraft carriers off the Faroe Islands, and later - finished off the aircraft-damaged Königsberg light cruiser, which was lagging behind the retreating German fleet.
In 1944, Kalinin took part in Operation Dragoon (landing in Southern France), supporting the Allied forces with fire.
As part of the Lend-Lease program, the USSR in 1943 received from the United States the light cruiser Milwaukee, Omaha class. This outdated ship called "Murmansk" was used by the Northern Fleet as a training ship and was returned to the United States in 1949. In 1944, the USSR temporarily borrowed the modern light cruiser Houston (in the USSR Navy - Svalbard), which was returned in 1949.
After the surrender of Germany, the USSR began to concentrate a significant naval grouping on the Pacific Fleet, preparing for a war with Japan. By August 1945, this included a battle cruiser, four aircraft carriers and three light cruisers - "Kalinin", "Kaganovich" and "Varlen" transferred from the Black Sea. A transfer of cruising (and line) forces from the Baltic was also being prepared, as part of support for the proposed amphibious operation against Hokkaido, but Japan surrendered before the transition could be made.
After the war:
Immediately after the war, the old cruisers of the Soviet fleet were put into reserve. “Krasny Kavkaz”, disarmed, was shot in 1952 while testing anti-ship cruise missiles... “Red Ural” had a more interesting fate - in 1951, this old cruiser was transferred to communist China, where, renamed “ Shènglì de qízhì”Served until the 1980s as first - a flagship, then - a training ship.
Eight cruisers, armed with 180-millimeter guns, remained in the Soviet fleet. The war that died out showed that the bet on this artillery was not very successful: the guns suffered from constant burning out of their barrels. In 1950, the fleet was supplemented by five Chapaev-class cruisers (Project 68-k), laid down before the war. Including three captured cruisers - "Kerch", "Evpatoria" and "Admiral Makarov" (formerly "Nuremberg") - the Soviet fleet in the early 1950s consisted of sixteen modern cruisers, which put it in fourth place in the world.
In 1949-1953, the USSR began the implementation of the last large-scale program for the construction of heavy artillery ships. The post-war shipbuilding program, adopted in 1950, provided for the construction of a huge series of twenty-five (!) Modern light cruisers of the 68-bis project - the last and most powerful ships of this class in the world.
The implementation of the program was entrusted to seven main shipbuilding enterprises throughout the USSR. The ships were built using all the novelties of modern military shipbuilding - like a sectional assembly of an all-welded hull - as a result of which the average ship construction cycle was 28-36 months. In terms of their characteristics, these new cruisers successfully surpassed all existing light cruisers of foreign fleets, and made a confident parity with heavy cruisers.
In total, 21 cruisers of the 68-bis project were laid down by 1955. Of these, according to the initial project - i.e. only 14 were completed as purely artillery light cruisers. Khrushchev in 1955 ordered the suspension of work on the last seven cruisers of this type, motivating his decision by the obsolescence of the very concept of heavy artillery ships. In general, Khrushchev was absolutely right: the rapid progress of nuclear and missile weapons (in particular, the beginning of the rearmament of the American fleet with SSM-N-4 “Dingbat” anti-ship missiles in 1953) made purely artillery ships a waste of resources. The ships, which were in the completion of construction, found a different, more effective application.
Missile fleet cruisers
The history of guided missile weapons in the Soviet Navy began with cruisers. In 1950, the 10X projectile, developed by the Chelomey Design Bureau, was put into service with the Navy. On the light cruisers Dombrovsky and Kirov, they installed equipment for launching shells from a ship's catapult at coastal targets at a distance of up to 240 km. I didn't get the idea further development- the projectile itself turned out to be too imperfect, no longer meeting the requirements of modern air warfare.
In 1955, a complex of controlled anti-ship weapons"Quiver". On the elevated bow tower of the cruiser, a guide was mounted for launching KSS anti-ship missiles, with a range of up to 40 kilometers. The installation was reloaded using a folding crane from the hangars located on the sides of the superstructure. The tests of the complex turned out to be successful, and later eight light artillery cruisers of project 68-K and project 68-bis were upgraded according to program 67, with the installation of launchers on elevated towers, reloading from a hangar located in the superstructure.
In the early 1950s, the rapid growth in jet aircraft speeds put an end to the future prospects of heavy antiaircraft artillery... The only way to ensure the survival of warships was to switch to guided anti-aircraft missiles. This was well understood in the USSR, where on January 11, 1955, a decree was issued "on the development of controlled means of protecting warships from aviation." In accordance with the decree, it was planned to develop three anti-aircraft missile systems: M-1 "Volna" (short-range, similar to the ground-based S-125), M-2 "Volkhov" (medium-range, similar to the C-75) and M- 3 (long range).
The sailors were not satisfied with this decision. The main objections were caused by the S-75 anti-aircraft missile system, which was supposed to be "piled up": the liquid-propellant missiles of the complex were inconvenient to store, needed refueling before launch, and in addition used extremely toxic fuel. Admiral Kuznetsov pointed out that on land, where space is not limited, these features of the air defense system do not pose a problem, but in the limited volume of the ship, a fire during refueling or the ingress of toxic fumes into the ventilation can lead to catastrophic consequences. As a result, faced with the "rebellion of admirals", the USSR government made a compromise: for the ship version of the S-75, the fleet was offered new rocket B-758, equipped with an axial ramjet engine.
Running on ordinary kerosene, the ramjet engine created significantly fewer problems in operation, and was much more convenient to handle. Research carried out on the initiative of the Navy has shown that through the use of direct-flow missiles, it is possible to increase the range of the complex to 55 km. Thus, the adoption of two air defense systems - M-2 and M-3 - was considered redundant, and they were both replaced by the new M-4 "Amur-M".
To test the capabilities of the new air defense system, the light cruiser of the project 68-bis "Dzerzhinsky" was chosen. In 1957-1958, the third main turret was dismantled on the cruiser and in its place an experimental two-boom launcher SM-63 and a drum magazine for 12 missiles were installed. During tests carried out in 1958, the first salvo shot down an unmanned Il-28 flying at an altitude of 10,000 meters.
The Dzerzhinsky was followed by the Ordzhonikidze cruiser, upgraded according to a similar project 70-P. Since the alteration of ready-made cruisers presented certain difficulties (including those associated with the unscheduled withdrawal of ships from the fleet), it was decided to further use the unfinished cruisers of the 68-bis project, standing on the stocks. The fleet was in dire need of missile cruisers - in 1956-1961 four new heavy aircraft carriers of Project 81, which needed escort ships, entered its structure. In addition, at the initiative of Khrushchev, a program was launched to build 25,000-ton aircraft carriers of the PBIA type (floating base of fighter aircraft), which also required a reliable escort.
In 1959-1962, two light cruisers, Admiral Kornilov and Petropavlovsk, were completed according to the improved 72-P project. On these cruisers, the entire aft group of towers was dismantled, and in its place two launchers- SM-63 and SM-65. Two main drum magazines contained 24 B-758 missiles, and one auxiliary (for installing SM-65) - 16 short-range B-600 missiles. Upgraded system control made it possible to effectively direct both types of missiles.
In 1961-1964, four light cruisers of Project 68 bis - Tallinn, Arkhangelsk, Novorossiysk and Vladivostok - which were in the least degree of readiness, underwent the most ambitious modernization in 1961-1964.
On these four cruisers, they completely dismantled heavy artillery weapons, installing four (!) SM-65 launchers instead. Two bow and two aft drum magazines could hold forty-eight B-758 missiles, and located behind the fourth launcher in the stern, an auxiliary magazine could hold sixteen B-600 short-range missiles. Thus, the total ammunition of the cruisers reached 64 missiles of two types! Two guidance posts made it possible to simultaneously aim up to 6 missiles at two targets within a radius of up to 55 km from the cruiser.
Rebuilt missile cruisers formed the basis of the escort forces of the Soviet aircraft carrier fleet in the first half of the 1960s. On average, every Soviet aircraft carrier included one escort cruiser. In 1967, on each cruiser, two B-758 missiles were replaced by B-760 missiles, with a nuclear warhead equivalent to 5 kt.
By the late 1960s, however, missile-carrying escorts were in short supply. The unfinished "Sverdlovs" were over: the idea of capital modernization of the artillery cruisers was not approved due to the high cost. The aircraft carrier fleet of the USSR continued to grow, and was in dire need of new missile cruisers.
In 1965, the first four missile cruisers were laid down (originally designated as KPVO - ships air defense) of project 1138.
Based on the design of the project 1134 large anti-submarine ship, the new missile cruisers were 12 meters longer and had a total displacement of about 8,200 tons. Like the previous missile-carrying cruisers of the Soviet fleet, they were armed with the Amur-M long-range air defense system. The ships carried two modified launchers for faster reloading. The bow launcher had two magazines for 14 B-758 missiles, and the stern launcher had one magazine for 14 B-758 missiles and one magazine for 16 B-601 missiles. In addition to missile armament, the cruisers carried light AK-725 gun mounts and a hangar for the Ka-25PL anti-submarine helicopter.
"Iron Fist"
At the end of the story about Soviet cruisers, one more amusing incident should be mentioned. In the early 1960s, the British TV channel BBC, with the active assistance of the Royal Navy, filmed the fantastic propaganda film "Iron Fist", developing the idea of a Soviet attack on Great Britain. For the role of one of the main objects - the fantastic Soviet cruiser "Iron Fist" - the old cruiser HMS "Gamibia" was "invited", intended by the fleet to be shot during the exercises. The cruiser was partially rebuilt using iron and plywood decorative elements, and acquired an external resemblance to the silhouette of the Soviet cruisers of the 68-bis project. In the end of the film, real footage of the flooding was used “ Of the iron fist”Missiles“ Blue Slug ”from the destroyer HMS“ County ”.
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