Where does the most rainfall occur in the world? Bellenden Ker Range, Australia. Other temperature records

Some of the rainiest places on the planet are in remote areas where no man ever sets foot, but there are many settlements, which suffer from large amounts of rainfall every year. Most of these cities have a tropical climate. While some areas may only experience rain during certain seasons, other places experience rainfall throughout the year. Here are the eight rainiest cities that are also known around the world as places to avoid when planning your summer vacation.

Quibdo, Colombia

Quibdo is the largest city in the Chocó department, despite its population of just over 100,000 people. There is a staggering amount of rainfall here - about 8,130 mm per year! Quibdo is located near the mountains, in the western part of Colombia, where there is no dry season at all. It is raining almost every day (304 days a year on average). However, in cold season(in December) falls more precipitation in the form of drizzle, while the warm season (April) sees more thunderstorms.

The lowest amount of precipitation is recorded in March, but it still rains on average 15 days a month. Oddly enough, despite large volumes of precipitation, Quibdo often experiences a deficit healthy water due to the lack of reliable water storage systems.

Monrovia, Liberia

In northwestern Africa lies Liberia's capital, Monrovia, with a population of more than one million people who are drenched in rain every year. Approximately 5,140 mm of precipitation falls here annually! This figure roughly coincides with the number of rainy days. Monrovia's rainy season runs from May to October, but June and July are the wettest. At this time, many roads become impassable due to potholes filled with mud. The period from December to February is still very wet, although there are occasional showers.

Hilo, Hawaii

Despite the beautiful images of swaying palm trees, beaches and sunlight, which can be seen on the Internet and advertising brochures, Hawaiian Islands suffer from huge amount showers. Part of the island of Maui, where it is located national park, mountains, sees about 3,000 mm of precipitation per year, while in other areas of the islands all 4,000 mm are observed. Hilo can generally be called a winning city in this regard, since it rains here on 272 days throughout the year.

Mangalore, India

With a population of just over 400,000 people, Mangalore is far from the most populous city in India, but at the same time it has the highest rainfall, with about 3,800 mm falling annually. It is a city located on the Arabian Sea, on the western coast of India, where the Netravati and Gurupura rivers meet. And although the amount of precipitation here is significant, it is by no means the most rainy place in India. The northeastern Indian state of Meghalaya is home to two of the rainiest villages in the world, receiving 4,600 mm of rainfall annually.

Buenaventura, Colombia

Buenaventura, one of the western cities of Colombia, is more than 100 km south of its rainy “sister”, Quibdo. The city's population is more than 300,000 inhabitants. The city is located at Pacific Ocean, about 3,000 mm of precipitation falls here every year. The period from January to April is the driest, while at the same time, in the wettest months (September and October), the city receives more rainfall than the entire United States in an entire year.

Cayenne, French Guiana

Cayenne, the capital of the only French-speaking country in South America, is located north of the equator and has a tropical coastal climate. The city is located off the coast of the Atlantic Ocean. It is famous not only for cayenne pepper and rich history, but also as one of the rainiest cities in South America - with 3,800 mm of precipitation every year and 212 rainy days. Although residents experience rain throughout the year, there are two rainy seasons: from December to January and from April to mid-July.

Belem, Brazil

It is estimated that precipitation in the form of rain falls here in the range of 2,800 mm per year. And although Belem does not suffer from such downpours as other countries South America, it rains here on average 251 days a year. It is a port city with a population of about 143,000 people. Tucked away in the northernmost part, just below the equator, Belém is closer to a rainy city like Cayenne than Rio de Janeiro.

The rainy season in Belém is generally between December and May, while February and March are the two busiest rainy months per year.

Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia

Located north of the equator with tropical climate, Malaysia is one of the rainiest countries on the planet. Kuala Terengganu, a city in the northwest with a population of about 285,000, suffers 2,000 mm of rainfall year after year. Modern city Kuala Terengganu experienced extreme flooding in December 2014. Most of precipitation occurs here from November to January, although the rest of the time the city remains hot and humid.

Now you know the cities with the most big amount precipitation, so plan your vacation wisely!

World weather records

1. AIR TEMPERATURE
1.1 Absolute maximum air temperatures by continent

1.2 Absolute minimum air temperatures by continent

1.3 Other temperature records

The most low temperature in the atmosphere (-143 °C) was recorded at an altitude of 80 - 96 km during a night observation of clouds over Kronogard, Sweden, from July 27 to August 7, 1963;

Lowest average annual temperature registered in 1958 in Antarctica, near the South Pole (-57.8 °C);

The tallest average annual temperature air temperature (for the period: October 1960 - November 1966) is +34.4 °C in Dallol, Ethiopia;

The lowest average monthly air temperature (-75.3 °C) was recorded at Vostok station, Antarctica in August 1987;

The largest average annual temperature amplitude is observed in Verkhoyansk, Russia and is 61.9 °C, the absolute amplitude in this place is 107.1 °C;

The most even climate is observed in the town of Garapan on the island of Saipan (Mariana Islands), Pacific Ocean. For 9 years from 1927 to 1935. the lowest temperature here was +19.6 °C on January 30, 1934, and the highest was on September 9, 1931 (+31.4 °C), which gives a difference of only 11.8 °C. According to other data, the record holder for the minimum temperature amplitude is the Fernando de Noronha islands off the coast of Brazil. There from 1911 to 1966. the lowest temperature was recorded on November 17, 1913 (+18.6 °C), and the highest was on March 2, 1965 (+32 °C), which is a temperature difference of only 13.4 °C;

The most dramatic warmings:

In 2 minutes at 27.2 °C. In Spearfish, South Dakota, on January 22, 1943 at 7:30 am the temperature was -20 °C, and just 2 minutes later the temperature rose to +7.2 °C! So sudden warming was caused by a sudden warm wind– Chinook;
In 12 hours at 46.1 °C. In the town of Granville, North Dakota (USA) on February 21, 1918, during the day the air temperature rose from -36.1 °C to +10 °C;

The most intense cold snaps:

In 27 minutes at 32.2 °C. In Spearfish, South Dakota on January 22, 1943, at 9 a.m. the air temperature was +12.2 °C, and at 9:27 it dropped to -20.0 °C;
During the day at 55.6 °C. In the town of Browning, Montana (USA), during January 23-24, 1916, the temperature dropped from +6.7 °C to -48.9 °C;

In Marble Bar, Western Australia, temperatures exceeded 100 °F (+37.8 °C) for 160 days from October 31, 1923 to April 7, 1924;

The most high point dew (+35 °C) was recorded at 15:00 on July 8, 2003 in the town of Dhahran, Saudi Arabia. The air temperature at this time was +42.2 °C. With a wind of 1 m/s, effective temperature reached +115 °C!

1.4 Water temperature

On August 8, 1920, the USS Titat recorded a temperature of 100 °F (+37.8 °C) in the Red Sea. The water temperature in the Persian Gulf in July-August usually stays around +31 °C, and on August 5, 1924 it reached a value of +35.6 °C (according to measurements from the Frankenfels ship);

The hottest river is a tributary of the Amu Darya, Tairsu. Once on this river the temperature of the surface layer of water was recorded at +45.2 °C. On the Tiligul River in the Odessa region, which flows into the Tiligulsky estuary, a temperature of 39.4°C was recorded near the village of Novo-Ukrainka. And the Caspian Sea can be considered the hottest lake. On Biryucha Spit the water temperature was recorded at +37.2 °C.

2. PRECIPITATION
2.1 Highest average annual precipitation by continent

2.2 Lowest average annual precipitation by continent

2.3 Maximum amount precipitation for different periods of time

On Mount Waialeale in the Hawaiian Islands, there are on average 330 - 360 rainy days a year;

In Arica (Chile) for 14 years - from October 1903 to January 1918, not a single rain was recorded;

The driest uninhabited place on Earth is located in Antarctica - the Dry Valleys. As calculations show, in this place There has been no precipitation at all for the last 2 million years

2.4 Hail

Large hail fell in Coffeyville, Kansas, USA on September 3, 1970. The diameter of the hailstones reached 14 cm and weighed 750 g. By calculation, it was established that the hailstones crashed into the ground at a speed of about 47 m/s;

Officially, the world's heaviest hailstone fell in Gopalganj, Bangladesh on April 14, 1986. Its mass was 1.02 kg;

On April 30, 1888, the deadliest hailstorm of all time occurred in the Indian regions of Moradabad and Beheri. human history. Then 246 people died;

In Europe, the heaviest hailstone is considered to have fallen during a thunderstorm in Strasbourg, France on August 11, 1958, weighing 971 grams;

A hailstone with a maximum diameter of 20 cm was discovered in Vivian, South Dakota, USA on July 23, 2010;

There is information that on May 30, 1879, in Kansas, USA, during the passage of a tornado, hailstones up to 38 cm in diameter were observed. As they fell to the ground, holes were formed measuring 43 x 51 cm;

According to eyewitnesses, in April 1981, hailstones weighing 7 kg were observed in Guangdong Province (China). As a result of this hailstorm, 5 people. about 10,500 buildings were killed and destroyed;

On May 11, 1894, in the town of Bovina, Mississippi, USA, a hailstone was discovered, inside of which there was... a turtle measuring 15 x 20 cm;

In the city of Sheki, Azerbaijan, in 1850, the world's largest large hail: individual hailstones weighed about 10 kg. This event was recorded in the journal of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, published in Tbilisi;

In western Kenya, the Kericho region (where extensive tea plantations are located) experiences an average of 132 hail days per year;

In 1965, hail fell in the Kislovodsk region, covering the surface of the earth in some places with a layer of 75 centimeters;

July 6, 1958 in the village of Achikulak Stavropol Territory hailstones weighing up to 2 kilograms 200 grams fell. Houses and trees were damaged by the hail, and 90 lambs were killed in the field;

On August 9, 1843, a hailstorm of incredible force and size hit eastern England (from Oxford to Norfolk). Were registered ice blocks up to 25 cm in diameter, and the layer of hail on the ground in some places reached 1.5 meters;

In 1961, a 3 kg hailstone killed an elephant in northern India;

In October 1985, in the state of Sergipe (Brazil), hailstones killed 20 people and left more than 4,000 homeless. In some places the thickness of the hail layer exceeded 1.5 meters.

2.5 Snow

On the slopes of Mount Rainier in Washington state, a total of 16.6 m of snow falls on average per year. And in one year from February 19, 1971 to February 18, 1972, 31.11 m of snow fell in the Paradise region (altitude 1646 m above sea level), which is an absolute altitude record snow cover ;

The record snow cover thickness of 11.46 m was recorded in March 1911 in Tamarac, pcs. California, USA;

On February 14, 1927, on Mount Ibuki in Japan (Honshu Island), the height of the snow cover was measured to be 11.8 meters! ;

In just 19 hours on April 5–6, 1959, 1.7 m of snow fell at Bessans station in the French Alps;

The heaviest one-day snowfall was recorded in Silver Lake, PC. Colorado, April 14-15, 1921, when 1.93 m of snow fell in 24 hours;

In 2 days (December 29-30) 1955, 3.1 meters of snow fell in the area of ​​Mile Camp 47 (Alaska);

The largest snowflake was recorded during a snowfall in the town of Fort Keogh. Montana (USA) January 28, 1887. Its diameter was 38 cm, and its thickness reached 20 cm;

3. THUNDERSTORMS
Top 5 most thunderstorm places on Earth

The small village of Kifuka in DR Congo (Africa) is the place with the maximum thunderstorm activity in the entire World. Here, every year there are an average of 158 cloud-to-ground lightning strikes per 1 km 2 of territory;

On average, about 2,000 thunderstorms thunder on Earth every second and about 100 lightning flashes every second; per day this figure is about 8.6 million flashes, and per year reaches 3.14 10 9 lightning;

The most powerful lightning recorded by instruments on July 31, 1947 at the University of Pittsburgh, USA, is considered to be the most powerful. The current reached 345,000 A;

The longest lightning strike was observed on October 13, 2001 between Dallas and Fort Worth (Texas). Its length was 193 km (120 mi);

According to unofficial data, during satellite observations of a strong thunderstorm in the area Japanese Islands, the instruments recorded a lightning flash with a power of 10-13 W. Such super-powerful discharges are called “super lightning”;

The deadliest strike of all time was a lightning strike on June 26, 1807 in the town of Kirchberg, Luxembourg. On that day, due to a lightning strike, a powerful explosion occurred in a small gunpowder factory, resulting in the death of 300 people;

4. WIND
4.1 Tropical cyclones

The greatest distance – 13,280 km – was covered during the existence of Typhoon “John” in 1994 in the Pacific Ocean. This typhoon also holds the world record for duration of existence - 31 days (from August 10 to September 10);

The highest horizontal pressure gradient was recorded in tropical cyclone Tracy (near Darwin, Australia) on December 24, 1974 and amounted to 5.5 hPa/1 km. Also, a gradient of 5 hPa/1 km was observed in Hurricane Inez in North Atlantic September 28, 1966;

Typhoon Type is considered the largest in the northwest Pacific Ocean. On October 12, 1979, a storm wind with a speed of more than 17 m/s was observed within a radius of 1110 km from the center;

Tropical Storm Marco occurred on October 7, 2008, and is considered the smallest tropical cyclone. Gulf of Mexico. The zone of storm winds (more than 17 m/s) extended only 16 km from the center. Thus, it is 69 times smaller than Typhoon Type!

The highest surge wave was observed during the passage of cyclone “Mahina” off the coast of Australia (Queensland) in March 1899. Its height was 13 meters;

The largest “eye of the storm” - 90 km in diameter - was observed in tropical cyclone"Kerry" (Coral Sea, February 21, 1979), and the smallest - 6.7 km was recorded near Cyclone Tracy on December 24, 1974;

The fastest intensification was observed during Typhoon Forest in September 1983 in the northwestern Pacific Ocean. Then, within 24 hours, the pressure in the center of the typhoon dropped by 100 hPa from 976 to 876 hPa, i.e. at a rate of 4.2 hPa/hour;

The highest wind speed near the ground was observed in Cyclone Olivia on April 10, 1996 at Barrow Island, Australia. Then for 3 seconds the wind blew at a speed of 113.2 m/s (407 km/h);

According to unofficial data, stable maximum speed wind in 1 minute in super typhoon “Nancy” on September 12, 1961 was 345 km/h (96 m/s);

The deadliest was tropical cyclone Bhola, which hit Bangladesh on November 12, 1970. According to various estimates, it claimed the lives of 300 to 500 thousand people;

The warmest “eye of the storm” was observed during Typhoon Nora (October 1973) in the western Pacific Ocean. The air temperature at 700 hPa (altitude about 3 km) reached 30 °C;

The most costly was Hurricane Katrina, which hit the United States in August 2005 as a Category 3 hurricane. The damage from it amounted to 108 billion dollars;

Typhoon Nancy (West Pacific) was continuously at maximum Category 5 on the Saffir-Simpson scale for 5.5 days from September 9 to 14, 1961;

On December 26, 2001, tropical storm Vamei (South China Sea) formed at just 1.4°N. from the equator.

List of most intense tropical cyclones in different regions Earth

4.2 Smerchi (Tornado)

The maximum officially recorded wind speed of the tornado (about 135 m/s) was remotely measured using a mobile Doppler radar on May 3, 1999, near Oklahoma City at an altitude of 32 meters above the ground. This value is a world record for surface wind speed;

The tallest waterspout, information about which is reliable, was observed on May 16, 1898 at Eden, pcs. New South Wales, Australia. Using a theodolite, its height was determined - 1528 m;

The widest tornado in the world was an EF5 tornado that occurred near El Reno, Oklahoma (USA) on May 31, 2013. Its width reached 4180 meters;

The largest number of tornadoes in a month in the United States - 758 - was recorded in April 2011;

The largest number of tornadoes in a year in the United States (1,819) was recorded in 2004;

The deadliest was the tornado that struck the cities of Saturia and Manikgank Sadar, Bangladesh on April 26, 1989. It took the lives of 1,300 people and injured more than 12,000;

A record number of tornadoes per day - 148 - swept across the southern and midwestern states of the United States on April 3-4, 1974;

The most costly tornado was the one that hit Joplin, Missouri on May 22, 2011. The total damage is estimated at $2.8 billion;

The highest mountain tornado was registered on July 7, 2004 in national park in California (USA). The height of the area where it touched the surface is 3658 m;

The highest speed of movement (117 km/h) was recorded in the Tri-State Tornado on March 18, 1925;

4.3 Other wind records

The strongest gust of wind on record (without the influence of a tornado or tropical cyclone) occurred on April 12, 1934 at Mount Washington (elevation 1917 meters) in New Hampshire. On that day, instruments noted a wind speed of 103 m/s;

Port Martin (Antarctica) is considered the windiest place in the world, where the average annual wind speed is 17 m/s. The highest average annual wind speed in this place was recorded in 1995 and amounted to 22.4 m/s. The highest monthly average wind speed was also recorded here - 29.1 m/s (in March 1951) and the daily average - 48.3 m/s (March 21 - 22, 1951).

5. OTHER WEATHER RECORDS
5.1 Atmospheric pressure

The highest Atmosphere pressure at earth's surface, normalized to sea level, was recorded on December 19, 2001 in Tosontsengel (Mongolia) and amounted to 1084.8 hPa. The height of this point is 1725 m above sea level. On the plain high pressure was recorded in Agata (Russia) on December 31, 1968 - 1083.3 hPa;

The lowest pressure on Earth was recorded in Typhoon "Tip" in the northwest Pacific Ocean on October 12, 1979 - 870 hPa. In extratropical cyclone the lowest pressure (914 hPa) was recorded in the storm "Braer" in the North Atlantic on January 10, 1993;

The sharpest drop in pressure was observed during the passage of an EF4 tornado near Manchester, South Dakota (USA) on June 24, 2003. Using a special setup, a pressure jump of 100 hPa was measured for about 40 seconds (from 950 to 850 hPa). The value of 850 hPa can be considered the lowest pressure on the Earth's surface during meteorological observations.

5.2 Sunshine

The sunniest place is considered to be the town of Yuma, Arizona (USA), where the average annual sunshine is 4019 hours out of 4456 possible;

In St. Petersburg, pcs. Florida, USA, from February 9, 1967 to March 17, 1969 there were 768 absolutely sunny days contract

5.3 Ice

A severe ice storm swept through the southeastern regions of Canada and the northeastern United States from January 4 to January 10, 1998. Then 44 people died, almost 1000 towers of high-voltage power lines were toppled. The thickness of ice deposits in some places reached 12 cm! The total damage is estimated at 5-7 billion dollars.

5.4 Rainbow

The city of Sheffield (UK) had the most persistent rainbow: on March 14, 1994, the rainbow was visible for 6 hours: from 09:00 in the morning to 15:00 in the afternoon.

5.5 Fog

The foggiest place in the world is considered to be the area of ​​the Grand Banks of Newfoundland in the North Atlantic. Another record foggy place is Argentia (Newfoundland, Canada) - 206 days a year with fog.

5.6 Dampness

The Prince Edward Islands in the southern Indian Ocean are the wettest and cloudiest place on earth. The average annual sunshine here is only 800 - 1300 hours, and it rains about 320 days a year.

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Climatic conditions on Earth vary, which is especially noticeable in extreme weather characteristics. On South Pole, for example, Vostok station is located at an altitude of 3475 m above sea level in East Antarctica, located at the highest latitudes. It is not surprising that “Vostok” is the coldest place on Earth. In other parts of the world with the hottest climates, records for the most high temperature, the driest, wettest and windiest place, and also the place where the largest hail fell.
With a certain combination of indicators, weather conditions become extreme.
At the Vostok station, the lowest temperature in the world was recorded - this is due to the high latitude (78.46″ S - almost the pole) and altitude above sea level.
India experiences the typical Asian monsoons, which bring intense rain throughout the summer. The most precipitation falls in the foothills of the Himalayas, which are considered the most damp place on the ground.
The Atacama Desert in Chile is the driest place on Earth because the air becomes dry as it crosses South America and the Andes Mountains before reaching the desert. When the wind changes direction, air moves from the ocean and also loses moisture as it passes over the cold Peruvian Current.
Other record weather conditions completely random. The largest hailstones, formed in a high storm cloud, could fall anywhere, and the strongest winds could blow anywhere in the world within the zone of tropical cyclones.

Records and anti-records of weather indicators:
1. Most cold snap, which occurred in one day, was observed in Browning, Montana, USA. On January 23-24, 1916, the temperature dropped from 6.7 °C to -49 °C
2. The greatest amount of snow fell in one snowfall in Tamarac, California, USA. In March 1911, the snow thickness was 11.46 m.
3. The most strong wind was recorded in the states of Alabama and Mississippi, USA. In August 1969, Hurricane Camille brought winds of 200 mph.
4. The driest climate is in the Atacama Desert, Chile. Precipitation in the city of Arica over the past 59 years has fallen only 0.76 mm.
5. The hottest place is in Al-Aziziya, Libya, where on September 13, 1922 the temperature was 57.8 ° C.
6. The highest average annual temperature over a 6-year period was observed in Ethiopia. And it was 34.4 °C
7. The lowest average annual temperature was recorded at the Pole of Inaccessibility station in Antarctica and is -58 °C.
8. The coldest place is considered to be the Vostok station (Antarctica). On July 21, 1983, the temperature dropped to -89.2 °C
9. Most windy place on Earth - this is Commonwealth Bay in Antarctica: average speed The wind there is 80 km/h.
10. The heaviest single rain occurred on March 15-16, 1952 in Chilaos, o. Reunion, Indian Ocean: 1867 mm of precipitation fell there in 24 hours.
11. The highest rainfall during the year (1860-1861) was recorded in Cherrapunji, India - 22,987 mm.
12. The highest long-term rainfall was recorded in the village of Mawsynram, India. The annual precipitation level for 38 years was 11,872 mm.
13. The largest hailstone weighing 1 kg was discovered in Bangladesh in April 1986.
14. The highest atmospheric pressure was recorded at the Agata weather station, Siberia, Russia. On December 31, 1968, the pressure was 812.4 mm Hg. Art.
15. The lowest atmospheric pressure is 658 mm Hg. Art. recorded in October 1979 during a typhoon 483 km west of the island. Guam, Pacific Ocean.
Extreme cold. Winter in Siberia lasts from October to April. average temperature During the day it is -16°C, and at night it is about -24°C. This photograph was taken on December 11, 2000 near the village of Listvyanka on the shores of Lake Baikal.
The driest desert in the world. The Valley of the Moon in Chile is part of the driest Atacama Desert. There was virtually no rain here from 1570 to 1971, so you won't find anything alive here. Under the influence of constantly blowing winds, the sand moves, creating a landscape reminiscent of the moon.

It is generally accepted that London is a city constant rains and fogs. Actually this is not true. It has been proven that in Europe there are cities that are rainier and more foggy than the capital of Foggy Albion.

The web page web2.airmail.net compiled a rating of European cities by weather conditions, based on data from the World Meteorological Organization. These are cities with the most changeable and stable weather, hot and cold cities, cities with the highest and lowest amounts of precipitation, humidity, the largest number thunderstorms, sunny, rainy, snowy, foggy and frosty days.

The foggiest cities were Rome and Milan, and London didn't even make the top 10. In the list of wet cities, London is in 6th place, rainy cities - in 3rd place, total number London's annual precipitation was not included in the top ten. But the capital of the British Kingdom has the most stable weather, and thunderstorms occur here only 13 days a year.

Naiminlivisa weather in Milan. In addition, it is characteristic high level precipitation (97.3 cm) and 49 thunderstorm days per year.

Copenhagen has the most rain - Denmark has maritime climate by virtue of its geographical location.

Helsinki is the most cold city. During the winter there are 51 days without sunshine, and in northern Finland a snowball covers the ground a long period- from mid-October to mid-May.

Madrid is the least humid city in Europe. Perhaps the reason is that it is also the highest city in Europe - the capital of Spain is located at an altitude of 667 meters above sea level. Madrid experiences high temperature changes. At the same time, it is one of the warmest cities in Europe.

Athens is at its hottest. On June 27, 2007, a record temperature of 46.2 C° was set in the city.

Data for 20 European cities was collected by the editors of web2.airmail.net from the following resources: the International Meteorological Organization (World Meteorological Organization), the Internet portal weatherreports.com, a division of the BBC - the BBC Weather department.