What is the name of red little monkeys. Chimpanzee monkey. Lifestyle and habitat chimpanzees

Our closest relatives, if you believe the theory of Sir Charles Darwin, and take the evolutionary theory of human origin. We are delayed for a long stay at the avians with these funny animals, applauding their tricks in the circus, and do not count movies with monkeys.

It is unlikely that any of us meets in life with King Kong, but the monkeys are pretty and let's find out what monkey is the biggest on the planet. And for a start, look in the distant past, having acquainted with huge giantopitekami.

An artistic image of a giantopiteca based on the found animal remains

The world learned about the existence of a giant monkey, when a paleontologist from Germany bought in the souvenir shop Hong Kong Monkey's teeth, many times more than the jaws of Gorilla.

Another probable image of giantopiteca

By long research it has been proven that the teeth belong to the extinct monkey, the growth of which exceeded 4 meters. This species called gigantopites, and they existed on Earth simultaneously with Peteitrocks, and they could even make primitive tools.

For today, scientists allocate three types of giantopiteca who lived in about a period of 9 to 100,000 years ago.

But the story about now existing with the only representative of primates in Europe is the Berber Monkey. These funny animals in the mountain slopes of Gibraltar are inhabited.

Magma, inhabitants also in Asia and Africa, reach 70 centimeters growth, and weights - 14-15 kilograms. Lively big groupsMagms feed on the fruits of trees, as well as with pleasure eating insects.

Interestingly, the males these monkeys are happy to be with the offspring, sometimes choosing a pet, and they drag him everywhere.

These representatives of the admission of primates are the largest monkeys of the South American continent, and their unusual name received due to the ability to imitate various sounds.

Most The lives of the revouven are spent on the trees, gathering in flocks of 15-18 individuals. Monkeys with an increase in up to 80 centimeters and weighing 8 kg, with the help of a peculiar "Reserve" guard their territory. It is this skill whose sound is distributed to many kilometers to avoid intravidal conflicts.

If literally translate the name of this primate from one of the African languages, then chimpanzees means "a person similar". Indeed, these monkeys on the genetic base are the closest relatives of a person.

The growth of adult chimpanzees' males reaches 150-170 centimeters, females slightly smaller - 130 centimeters. They live difficult to arranged social groups, peculiar communities with a clear separation of functions.

These are pretty smart animals, and often use objects as well-tools.

Translated from the Malay language, the word "orangutang" translates as a "forest man." Long observations and studying Orangutans led scientists to the conclusion that after a person it is the intelligible animal on Earth.

Orangutans are the largest monkey, now living on the islands of Sumatra and Borneo. The population and the range was significantly reduced, and earlier Orangutan could be found throughout Southeast Asia.

The growth of these primates reaches 1.5 meters, and weight up to 100 kilograms. Live mainly on the branches of trees, moving with the help of massive paws, the swing of which reaches 2 meters.

These representatives of the admission of primates live in equatorial forests Africa, moreover, is a social animal living in a group.

Gorilla, height 1.8 meters and weighing more than 100 kilograms, the most big monkey in the world. Some eyewitnesses of the beginning of the twentieth century reported on individuals in 230 centimeters. Perhaps this information was inspired by the creators of King Cong.

Large animals are sometimes aggressive that even leopards avoid meetings with them. But, in general, good-natured animals that make fertile about the offspring. Gorilla will never attack the first, and aggressive only in the case of self-defense.

Conclusion

Similar to man, forced scientists more closely to study monkeys, and some of the discoveries relative to the mental abilities of these animals are worthy of surprise.

For example, monkeys can communicate not only with sounds, but also facial expressions. But to teach their human speech, most likely it will not be possible, but one of the chimpanzees easily mastered the gestured language of deafonym.

And as they are closest to us on the structure of the body and origin, they are more often launched into space. Today, 32 monkeys have entered the history of world cosmonautics, who seen our land with orbit.

Primates always interested people more than other animals. This is largely due to the theory of Darwin and the anthropological data of some species. Next, consider where monkeys live, their varieties and features of the life cycle.

general information

In nature, there are several hundreds of primates, the most famous of which are human individuals. The length of the monkey body can vary from several centimeters to two meters. As a rule, these animals lead wood Life, hold by groups. Until animals are active in the afternoon. Preferences in plant or animal food depend on the habitat. Where do monkeys live? Consider the environment of their residence for families.

Tool and galagovy

Family family refers to the very little mind Primates. They are very active and movable, inhabit the trees, all important things are performed in the afternoon, at night they swell in the vaplah of trees. The main nutrition is fruit fruits, seeds, birds and insects. Habitat regions - Brazil, Peru, Ecuador, Panama, Colombia.

Night animals Galago are very active jumpers. The main diet is fruit, other fruits, invertebrates. Habitat - Africa. It can be both dry regions with spiny shrubs and places with a tropical climate.

Family of humans

Next, consider where they live and what do monkeys eat, the maximum similar to humans? These animals can be low, medium or high growth. The mass of animals is, depending on the genus and species, from five to three hundred kilograms. Distinctive features - massive addition of torso, long front and short rear limbs. Head - round shape with an outstanding facial part. They also have a well-developed brain.

Advantageously, manifold primates live in rainforest, lead a daily way of life, spend a lot of time on trees. Habitat Regions - Equatorial Africa, Southeast Asia And adjacent island territories. Food - Fruits of trees, pieces of shrubs, insects, birds, small animals.

Gibbon

For this family, the following features are characterized:

• torso in length - from 450 to 900 millimeters;
• body weight - from 8 to 13 kilograms;
• the original structure with especially elongated front limbs;
• primates in the presence of a sedlication corn;
• animals have dense hair;
• the koler of animals varies from cream color to a black or brown shade.

The gibbon families live mainly in the tropical forests on the trees, feed on with leaves and fruits. Habitat - Kalimantan, Sumatra, Java, Indochina, Thailand, Burma.

Where do dwarf lemurs live?

The largest individuals of these animals reaches 460 grams. They live in eastern rainforest and Western arise arrays. Depending on the region, the animals have a red-brown color or gray shade. Many these primates live on Madagascar Island. Unlike most other monkeys, lemurs lead night image Life, mainly on the trees. They build nests in the form of balls from foliage, use natural heap as housing. The animals usually feed with fruit fruits and roots.

Dolgia

The following is described below, where (in which country) live monkeys of the family, which are a transitional link between lemurs and lower species. Features of these animals:

• small size - from 280 to 400 millimeters with a tail length of 6-25 cm;
• mass - 150 g (maximum);
• the animals have a relatively large and very movable head, which can rotate 180 °.
• shortened muzzle;
• eyes - big straightened;
• well-developed heel;
• wool velvety, reddish or gray;
• long elastic tail has a brush at the end;
• the diet is vertebrate, insects, lizards, birds and eggs.

Habitat - Southeast Asia. At the same time, a certain species occupies a specific territory (Islands of the Philippine, Zonda and Malay Archipelago).

Rownowy

This family is represented by one species and listed in the Red Book. The individuals have small sizes, slim and somewhat elongated body, rounded head, shortened facial part. Wool in monkeys rough, brown or black.

Where do the monkeys of this family live? The main places of their habitat are bamboo and mangroves, as well as jungle. Primates are active at night, lead the woody lifestyle, sleep in the wrappers of trees or in their crowns. Basic food - insects and larvae. Majdagascar can only be found in Madagascar.

Martushki

Features of this family:

• the category includes eight primates;
• some of them are fucking;
• the physique is different - from an elegant light body to a massive and cargo torso;
• the hind limbs shorter than the front paws;
• long and silky shelter;
• wool covers all the torso, including the sedillat part, soles and rear paws.

Where do monkeys live? In the jungle, on open plains, stony places. Mangrove thickets are the main habitats of mardy-shaped. Some of them leads the woody lifestyle, others move along the ground. In the afternoon, animals are active, at night are arranged for overnight in caves or voids of trees. Regions of populations - Southeast Asia, Africa, Arabian Peninsula, Gibraltar.

Cappuchins

This is the most numerous variety of primates (11 genera). Animals are medium and small, have a long hairy tail. Some individuals can use it as an organ of touch. Hair Pokrov In climbed primates (cappuchins) thick and monophonic. The facial part of the head is shortened, the nostrils are clearly separated, large eyes have pronounced centuries.

These primates are perfectly moved by trees, feed vegetable foodHowever, insects, bird eggs and other small little animals are not bent. Capuchins are retaining with the help of the front paws, the muzzle is able to express some emotions. Habitat - South and Central America, Argentina, Mexico.

Where does a spider monkey live?

This category of primates lives on branches of trees, moves along them with the help of tenacious limbs. Live with families to twenty individuals, which are also divided into groups of 4-5 representatives. They lead a daily lifestyle, feed on plant and animal food.

Depending on the species, the color of the wool cover of spider primates can vary from gray to a black spher. The main habitat is Peru, Central, South America, Brazil, Bolivia. Above, we looked at where there lives a lot wild monkeys. It is worth noting that, despite the beauty and visual goodness of some primates, in fact they can be cunning and very dangerous. In our country, it is possible to look at monkeys in zoos located in large cities.

A man is very interesting to the life of monkeys. Still would! Not only, in the scientific world there are rumors about her involvement in the human race, so the promsses are reminiscent of people. Sometimes it seems that these animals are almost as reasonable as we. Where do they live monkeys?

What country do monkeys live in?

There are more than four hundred primates in the world. The most famous are humanlike. In nature there are monkeys with a long body from nine centimeters to one hundred eighty. Mostly primates lead a woody lifestyle. They are holding small groups. Support daily activity. These are omnivorous animals. The tendency to vegetation or carnivities depends on the habitat, the type of monkey and the time of year.

Since the types of primates are very much and, sometimes, they are quite removed from each other, we will look at the habitats of the families of primates. From zoology only recall: there are generated births within families, inside the kind - species.

Chained, or cappuchins

The most numerous variety in which eleven births are distinguished (roar, jumpers, squies, woolly, squirrels monkeys and others).

Clothing monkeys are the highest primates of small and medium size. All representatives of the Kapuchin family have a long tailcovered with hair. In some species, this part of the body is capable of touching. The facial part of the head is shortened, the nostrils are well separated from each other, the eyes are large with developed centuries. Hair cover in kapuchins monochrome, pretty thick.

Clothing monkeys jump well and run through the trees. Food, mainly vegetation. But there are also insects, eggs of birds and other small animals. For food extraction use the forelimbs. Their muzzle is able to express emotions.

Capuchin distribution area - South America east of the Andes (from 27 degrees of southern latitude), Argentina north through Central America to 23 degrees northern latitude in Mexico.

Martushki

The family has eight birth (macales, nose, bavians, mangabeys and others). Have small and medium sizes. Some species have a tail, some have no time. The build of mardy-shaped is also different: from elegant and easy to pretty heavy.

The front limbs are somewhat longer than the rear. Hair cover, as a rule, long, silky. Wool covered with the whole body, excluding the sedlication part, face, soles and rear limbs.

Martyrs live in different places: jungle, open plains, mangrove swamps, stony places. Almost all representatives of the family lead a woody lifestyle, Macaki - ground and woody, baboons - ground. Martyski - day animals. At night, they are arranged on the rocks, trees or caves.

The territory of distribution covers Southeast Asia, the Arabian Peninsula and Africa (where lions live). On the European continent are found only in Gibraltar.

Rownowy

Family represented by only one type. Monkeys have small sizes, elongated, slim torso, rounded head with a shortened facial department. Rough wool, dark brown or black.

Roworinks live in forests, bamboo bowls and mangrove thickets. Went, mostly a woody lifestyle. Support night activity, and in the afternoon they sleep in the wrappers or crowns of trees. The main diet is insects and their larvae.

Habitat - Madagascar. The view is very small, so it is listed in the Red Book.

Disclaimy

The family is represented by one family and two species. This is a transitional variety between lemurs and lower monkeys. Distinctive features:

• small size (from 28 to 40 cm, tail - from 6 to 27 cm);
• maximum weight - 150 g;
• a large, very movable head (can be rotated almost 180 degrees);
• short muzzle;
• huge, scolded eyes, not fit into the cranial orbit;
• highly developed heel department;
• velvety fur of a grayish or red-brown shade;
• long, twist tail with a tassel at the end;
• feed animals (insects, small vertebrate, lizards, birds and their eggs).

Habitat - Southeast Asia. Moreover, each species occupies certain islands of Filipino, Malay and Zonda archipelago. Disclaimers choose hard-to-reach jungle.

Dwarf lemurs

The maximum size of these monkeys is 460. The species living in the eastern rainforests have a reddish brown shade, in Western dry forests - gray back. Dwarf lemurs live in all types of forests on Madagascar Island.

These are night animals preferring a woody lifestyle. Dwarf lemurs build spherical nests from leaves or use natural voids in trees. The main diet is fruits and fruits.

Gibbon

Characteristic features of the family:

• body length - from 45 to 90 cm;
• weight - 8-13 kg;
• graceful body with highly elongated front limbs;
• there is a small sedlication corn;
• thick hair cover;
• the color varies from black or brown to cream or whitish.

Live gibbon in dense rainforests. Prefer wood lifestyle. The main nutrition is the leaves and fruits.

The territory of distribution is occupied by Assama, Burma, Peninsula Indochytai, Hainani, Thailand, Tenasserim, Malack Peninsula, island Java, Sumatra, Kaliman and Mentai.

Persons

There are small, medium and large sizes. Do not have a tail. The minimum weight is five kilograms, the maximum - three hundred. Massive physique, long front limbs and short rear. Round head with an outstanding facial department. Well-developed brain.

Human-like - inhabitants tropical forests. They lead a daily lifestyle, most of which are carried out on the trees. Distribution Area - Southeast Asia and the adjacent Islands, Equatorial Africa.

Galago

These night animals are active jumpers. Feed fruits, fruits and invertebrates. Galago only live in Africa, but in various territories: from dry places with thorny shrubs to rainforest.

Toys

The smallest is higher primates. Very movable woody monkeys. Support daily activity, and at night we sleep in the wrappers of trees.

The main diet is insects, birds, juicy fruits and seeds. Completed, mainly in South America. Detected in Colombia, Panama, Peru, Brazil, Bolivia, on Ecuador.

How many monkeys do?

The life expectancy of various families of primates is different. So, the clutched survived in captivity to twenty-five years (about as much as tigers live). The life expectancy of martyrs in captivity is thirty-forty years. The tracks were able to live only up to nine years.

Disclaimers in captivity survive with difficulty, do not multiply. Life in wildlife continues until twelve. Currently, most species of this family have extinced. The main threat is the destruction of the habitat. Disappearance threatening I. dwarikov Lemraram. Today these animals are listed in the Red Book.

The maximum life expectancy of gibbon in captivity is twenty-three years. But man-like - long-livers. Life expectancy in captivity - forty-six years. Unfortunately, the number of people in natural environment Habitat is rapidly reduced. The result of persecution by man is ten thousand gorillas and two and a half thousand orangutans.

No animals cause people so much interest as monkeys. And all because they are our closest relatives both in physiological and intellectual plan. Monkeys make up a separate monkey infrastructure in the detachment of primates. Among primitive animals, their close relatives are long-sighted, lemurs, tupayi, lori, roads, and long-distance insectivore mammals. Such a relationship is annoying one of the most sustainable myths about monkeys, as the most advanced creatures on the planet. In fact, they only possess developed intelligenceWhat is due to the specifics of their existence, but the monkey physiology is at a pretty primitive level.

Crested Macak, or crested Pavian (Macaca Nigra) is the first type of monkeys entering the history of mankind as author of Selfie.

The sizes of the body in these animals vary in very wide limits: the smallest monkey - dwarf Pink - Weighs only 100-150 g, and the largest gorillas are whose weight can reach 140-200 kg. The males of orangutans almost do not fall behind them, whose weight in rare cases can reach 180 kg (their females are much smaller).

Dwarfs (Cebuella Pygmaea).

It is clear that such a difference in size could not but affect appearance. If you look for in monkeys common features, then combines their rounded skull, containing a large brain; small size fixed ears; Absorbing arcs that outline the sockets; big eyes adapted to see in daylight; short moving neck; Muscular long limbs. It is characteristic that all monkeys have a clavicle - the bone that allows them to move their forelimbs in different directions, in contrast to the paw of terrestrial four-legged, capable of moving mainly in the direction of "back-back".

Primitive wide-axis monkeys of the new light, the facial part of the skull is developed relatively weakly, so their frills are flat. In more advanced narcotic monkeys of the old world, the jaws are noticeably forth, for example, baboons, not a disgusting hunt, it gives almost a dog look.

Mametz Gamadril (Papio Hamadryas) yawns to demonstrate their teeth to opponents. Such oskal is often used by bavians for bloodlessly strengthen discipline.

Wine-friendly and cloth monkeys are called not so much by the size of the nose, as in the direction of the nostrils: in the widely, they are placed on the parties, and the fabrics are directed forward. The males nose nose looks like a cucumber - it acts as a resonator, and in the females of this species, the noses are short and welcomed.

Male Nosacha, or Kakhau (Nasalis Larvatus).

Very short noses with almost upward nostrils at ropes.

Male Smec Ripopite (Rhinopithecus BIETI).

Compared to other beasts in monkeys well developed mimic musclesSince their grimaces perform a communicative function. Vision in these primates binocular and color, which allows you to quickly determine the distance to objects and to accurately identify them. Such vision is vital for the inhabitants of high crowns feeding on with a variety of fruits, leaves, and sometimes small animals.

The front paws monkeys are five plated, with retractable first (large) finger, which allows you to bite the branches of trees and manipulate objects. For the extraction of the stern of the monkeys, the tools of labor are used as: stones, twigs, rolled leaves, with the help of which they split nuts, pull the ants, scatter water, etc.

Brown black-headed cabin, or Favn (Cebus Apella) uses a heavy stone to crush the solid walnut.

However, in some tree monkeys the first finger can be reduced, in this case the paw is used as a hook, that is, the animal hangs on the branch, keeping it with all four fingers. Hind legs The monkeys also have a repulsed finger: on the one hand, it allows them to be more efficient to hold onto the branches, and on the other, it does not prevent anything from going to walk and run on the ground. By the way, monkeys move, leaning on the entire surface of the palms and the soles and only human monkeys (orangutans, gorillas, gibbons, chimpanzees) when walking the fingers on the palms, leaning on their backward side.

Monkeys finish end with nails, in small wood monkeys, they sometimes have a vaulted form, which is why they seem similar to claws.

The tail is hardly the most volatile monkeys. W. personal primates And the macks, it is absent at all, in the pigless macaque, the short and no role in movement does not play, the remaining species - long, but operates in different ways. For example, the monkeys of the old world use it as a balancer during jumping (and Martyshki Gusara still rests when they stand), but among the wide monkeys a lot with an extremely chain tail. Its bottom surface of the cable and has papillary lines similar to fingerprints, besides, the tail itself is very flexible and strong. All this allows its owner to joke the tail of the branch, literally feeling their surface, and also to blame on it. No wish woolly, reddish and spider monkeys are sometimes called five, implying that the tail replaces them an additional limb. True, the smallest monkeys (toys, marblestones, tamarinov) is not a muscular long tail, these species use it like proteins like a steering wheel when jumping.

Reddish monkey (Brachyteles Hypoxanthus) with a young moves along the air bridge between the trees.

Monkeys are peculiar to thick wool without a subhead, but at the same time the palms, feet and partly their face is always bare. Some species are naked and there are other parts of the body: Geland is skin on the chest, all PAVIANS - Sedalish Corn, Uakari - Skull.

Babul, or Yellow Pavian (Papio Cynocephalus) demonstrates black sedabinators. In other types of bavians, these parts of the body are usually red.

Skin color u different species It may be bodily, bright red, blue, black or even multicolored, like Mandril.

An unusual texture of the skin of a non-game thinotel (Pygathrix Nemaeus) gives him a similarity with a doll.

Monkeys wool more often painted black, brown, grey colour, few species are peculiar to painting.

Nemoye thin-rods are also among the most brightly colored monkeys.

Many species have decorations in the form of elongated hair growing on the head, face, neck, shoulders and forming, respectively, a magnificent hair, beard and mustache, "hood", mane. Such decorations can only be characterized by males (for example, mane of bavians) or both floors (for example, the mustache of the imperial sague).

Imperial Saguini (Saguinus Imperator).

In general, monkeys are inherent in a sexual dimorphism, which boils down to a brighter color and larger sizes. However, it is expressed in different species in different ways. As a rule, the strongest differences between males and females can be observed in polygamous species with rigid dominance of the leader (baboons, nosasha), less clear - in herd monkeys with less aggressive males (gorilla, macaics), and very minor - in monkeys living with couples where the male and female will equally care about the offspring (toys, marchanics, tamarins).

Family of Tibetan Macak (Macaca Thibetana).

All monkeys are thermal-loving animals living in equatorial, tropical and subtropical belts Asia, Africa, South and Central America. In Europe, monkeys are known only in the extreme south-west of the continent - at Cape Gibraltar. Magma live here, but they also fell into Europe with the help of a person from their historic homeland - North Africa. Other extreme northern Point The habitats of these primates is located on the Japanese Islands. Here japanese Macaki They managed to settle even the islands with temperate climateswhere a lot of snow falls in winter. True, overcome frosts helps them not the skin, but intelligence - these monkeys learned to heal in hot springs, where they spend almost the entire winter day.

Japanese Macaki (Macaca Fuscata), heated in the water, simultaneously engage in everyday affairs: eat, move wool to each other. This group indulges half the Dream.

Favorites Having Monkeys - thick forests with many fruit trees. Few species mastered dry parel (monkey), savanna (bavians), rocky slopes (magicose, gelady).

A pack of Langurov hides from storm flows flowing from the rocky slope in the Tar desert. Most monkeys do not like water and even swim only in case of extreme necessity.

All monkeys in one degree or another are roasting. Some of them adhere to an exclusively vegetarian diet, entering the fruits of trees, leaves, young shoots, seeds, to such species include Orangutans, Gorillas, Rezunov. Others replenish protein stocks in the body, periodically drink eggs and chicks, small lizards, crabs. Such species include macaques, monkeys, toys. Finally, in the diet of Pavians, the meat plays a prominent role, sometimes these monkeys catch even such large animals as young gazelles and small antelopes.

Babul with a young gazelle killed.

The nature of the ration imposes a print and lifestyle. Purbittory toys, marblestiles and gibbons live in pairs or small families, including close relatives (older children, grandparents). These monkeys are very peaceful, do not like the fight, the territory is labeled either by urine (marblesties), or by special songs (gibbons).

Surroundless Gibbon, or Symanang (Symphalangus Syndactylus) performs the morning song. The bag under the throat serves him as a resonator that enhances the sound.

Very calm, vegetative orangutans, living by one, and gorillas having small harem. But these species can stand up for themselves. Stoyed species have the level of aggression above. For example, the revins protect their possessions and females of deafening cries, and the voices of these monkeys are the loudest sounds published by animals!

Black Revenches (Alouatta Caraya) guarding the borders of its territory.

I am in moderation of Drochliva omnivorous monkeys, macales, more aggressively bavian. The flocks of these monkeys have a male leader, which is subject to all the others. Young males can get along with it only under the condition of comprehensive subordination, otherwise they will have to know the power of his bites on their own skin. The females play the role of powerless concubines, the fate of each of them depends on the taste of a leader: the favorites receive maximum care and food, the rest are forced to be content with the remains from the table of stronger and successful. In chimpanzees, internal aggression is removed by either sexual contacts or a war organized against another flock. In the latter case, the winners can taste meat. By the way, chimpanzees are the only monkeys hunting on other monkeys. And we are not only about clan disagreements, but also about martyrs who regularly enter the tooth tooth "concurrent".

Two male baboons agreed in a fight. Teenagers felt whose would take, and immediately supported strong. Although their participation in battle is symbolic, such training will allow them to gain the necessary experience and confidence to claim leadership in the future.

Regardless of the level of relations within a hundred, communication monkeys is accompanied by complex forms of behavior. These animals are not alien to such feelings as friendship, love, envy, offense, shaggy, trick, anger, grief and empathy.

This female chakma, or the Baba Ursinus (Papio Ursinus) died, but after his death, she continues to wear the body of the baby on his back until the corpse is completely decomposed.

In case of danger of their cries, not only indicate an approaching threat, but accurately identify it: there are separate signals denoting a leopard, poisonous snakes, Python, eagle-monkey, armed and unarmed person. Thus, monkeys own a primitive speech, in which at least there are nouns. In captivity, the monkey's human speech is not reproduced due to the difference in the structure of voice ligaments, but they are completely able to master the language of gestures or signals.

Gorilla Coco, who owns the tongue of gestures, explained to his caretakers that he wants to have a cub. But since scientists did not allow her to mate, their ward was allowed to adopt the kitten. Coco's adopted kid was very attached and cried when I had to die with him.

The monkeys do not have a certain breeding season. Pairing occurs round year. The female is usually giving birth to one baby, rarely - two (twins are more common in Tamarins). The newborn is born with moisture, coated short wool, but helpless. At first, he hangs on his mother's belly, she later moves to her back. Gifts occur in the flock and attract increased attention to the young mother, its social status increases for some time. The males of toys and Tamarins take birth in females and even eat the placenta, subsequently they take the most active part in the upbringing of the offspring: they are babies on themselves, and the mother is given only for feeding time. The males of other monkeys go down the young man, allowing kids and adolescents more than it is permitted by ordinary members of the flock, but they do not show special attention to their own children. The childhood monkeys is relatively long, due to complex behavior forms - to get the necessary experience, the kids will have to watch adults for a long time and play with each other.

Young gorilla and chimpanzees are studying together the world. Although in nature such a meeting is impossible, in captivity, the kids quickly found a common language.

W. large monkeys natural enemies No, only chimpanzees, as mentioned above, may die from the paws and stones of the neighboring flock. Otherwise, things are at medium and small monkeys. Their enemies are primarily wild cats (Leopard, Jaguar, less often - Lion or Tiger), all sorts of snakes, especially pythons and fluffs. They can be asked to the crocodile into the water. In South America and on the islands of the Philippine Archipelago on monkeys hunt eagles-monkey. Their name eloquently makes it clear that they have achieved perfection in the trim. However, the danger from the air can be touched by monkeys and in other parts of the world, where they can attack the peels, hawks and venge eagles.

Standard eagle (Stephanoaetus Coronatus) caught a marty.

Monkeys are subject to human infections, such as angina, flu, tuberculosis, herpes, hepatitis, rabies, cortex, so in areas of mass tourism they are protected from unauthorized contacts.

This young gorilla rescued animals from the hands of traders in Congo. While the orphan gets used to the new dwelling, the employees of the rehabilitation center are masks so as not to infect the kid by sore infections.

But the impact of a person on these animals is not limited to passive transfer of infections. For a long time, people have hunted monkeys: the natives used their meat into food, more advanced nations simply destroyed them as pests agricultureMaking raids on the fields and plantations, white colonialists killed a pendant for their beautiful fur, the paw gorills went to the manufacture of souvenirs. Finally, with the arrival of fashion on the "Love for Animal", many species of monkeys became welcome pets. This demand began to satisfy thousands of poachers around the world, catching monkeys in nature for resale. As a result, many types of monkeys were on the verge of extinction and are listed in the International Red Book.

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How many types of monkeys live on our planet than they eat, what are the features of their life? We are pleased to read about all this and watch TV shows. And it is not surprising, because we have come from a general ancestor. We have a lot of similar features not only in the appearance and structure of the skeleton, but also in behavior.

What types of monkeys are?

Zoologists define two groups of primates, these animals are classified on them. They are divided into primates of new and old light. The first group includes monkeys living in Central and South America, and to the second - in Asia and Africa. And each group has its own distinctive features. The monkeys of the new light have a tail that they can hold onto the branches when moving on the trees, and the nose is wide. The African and Asian primates are very often no tail, but even if it is, then animals do not use it as a certain fifth limb, they have a narrow nose. These two groups include more than one hundred sixty types of monkeys.

Primates of South and Central America

The following monkeys (species) are inhabited in this area: Martyski, Tamarina, Capuchins, Belichesky Monkeys (56 species), Soviet and night monkeys, Titi, Sakis and Uakaris (41 species), Revubus, spider and woolly monkeys.

African and Asian Primates

These continents live the most a large number of Primates - more than 135 species. If you list all types of monkeys, the list will be huge. They are combined into wider categories: baboons, thin-rods, colobuses, mandryls, macaics. There is another category that includes next species Manoid monkeys: gorilla, chimpanzees, orangutan, bonobo (dwarf chimpanzees) and gibbon.

Tamarina

These monkeys belong to the family of chain. They live in the warmest districts South America: Brazil, Costa Rica, Tamarian pool very easy to distinguish from other monkeys on the main characteristic a distinctive feature These are the mustache, although there are also waiting representatives of this species. Some have straight lion griva. And because of their very unusual appearance There are constant hunting behind these animals - poachers are caught by Tamarins for sale in the black market. That is why the extinction threatens this type.

In length, Tamarin's body reaches from eighteen to thirty five centimeters, with a tail - from twenty-three to forty-four centimeters, they weigh to a kilogram. If we list the types of small monkeys, then Tamarina will lead this list. The main place of their habitat is the alpine areas of Brazil. In these places, monkey feel excellent: soft humid climate, abundance of food. Tamarins live in small groups of 5-10 individuals, so it is easier for them to find food and defend against predators. At night they sleep on high treesAnd with the onset of the morning begin to lead an active lifestyle: looking for food, care for each other.

Tamarins are omnivores - they are happy to eat both lizards, snails, insects, bird eggs, and vegetable foods - leaves of trees, fruits, nuts and nectar. The mined food is equally distributed between all members of the pack. If a stranger is closed on their territory, they traveled all together, building frightening grimaces. About young people care with the whole group. Kids up to four months old are constantly moving on the back of the father. Monkey all the time talking between themselves, thereby telling each other about the found food and about the approach of the enemy.

Martushki

Refer to the family of Martish-shaped. These are very small and funny monkeys. Types of monkeys: Real and Green, Gusar, Talapoyn and others (23). The sizes of the body are usually small (like a cat), the wool is thick and very soft. Color of these monkeys is very diverse: olive, gray-green, light gray, brown, red, blue, black. Forers slightly elongated, some representatives of this species have a mustache, buynbard and beard. The tail is usually twice as long than the body. Sedal corn of small sizes.

These primates live mainly in the forests. Martens feed both vegetable food and animal. The diet includes young branches of trees and leaves, fruits, juicy grass, insects and small vertebrates. The monkey enemies are fleeing. It should be noted that the greatest danger For them, people who catch them are caught for sale. Martyski tame well, but for this you need to take a young. An adult monkey, being in captivity, is practically not a lesser.

Cappuchins

This combined more than thirty subspecies. These primates form four groups. These monkeys live in Brazil and Honduras. Most of the time spend on the tops of tall trees. The length of the body of the animal reaches fifty centimeters. Head round, with protruding cheekbones. The color of the face is usually pink or white color. On the Makushka - the Black Khokholok, similar to the hood (actually, because of this similarity, the animal and got its name).

Live primates with groups from 10 to 30 individuals. Sharely mining food, they are protected from enemies and care about the offspring. Capuchins are omnivores: feed on both vegetable and animal food. It should be noted that these monkeys are very intelligent. They can split nuts with a stone, beat the fruit of the branches of trees. Catching the mucus from her, wiping about the tree. Capuchins for up to three months spend all the time on the back of the mother, overwhelming the chest to feed the milk. From the semi-annual age begin to lead a more independent lifestyle, eat adulthood, but they are far from the mother.

Reuts

Revubunas are the largest primates on the territory of the new world. They are with a dog. These monkeys have a long and very chain tail, which they are constantly used when moving in trees.

The body of the primate is covered with thick but short hair. Long wool only on the head of the cone-shaped form. The jaw drank forward, something similar to the dog. The neck is very short, so it seems that it is generally absent. Most of the life, these primates spend on trees. In the afternoon, they are closed under the very tops, where they are looking for food, and at night lowered down, setting up for the night in dense branches of small trees. Areas are very afraid of water, as they absolutely do not know how to swim.

They feed on monkeys by the kidneys of trees, leaves, juicy shoots and fruits. Revubunas are combined into flocks, which are from five to forty individuals. The female, as a rule, is born one cub, which she feeds up to 18 months. Looking behind the kid helps young and childless females.

Babuines

The second name is a yellow baboon. In length, the body reaches seventy five centimeters, and the length of the tail is about sixty centimeters. Wool yellow color - hence the name of the primate. Baboes live in Eastern and Mid Africa (in mountain and steppe areas). Feels like most primates, plant and animal food. In the diet of Pavians, there are bulbs, juicy grass, fruits, nuts, insects, lizards, bird eggs, etc.

Babuines never live alone. The group includes up to eighty individuals. A clear hierarchy is observed in the flock, several adult males dominate. In case of danger, they come to each other for help. Between the males and the offspring establish friendships. Matured young female people remain in the flock, but the young males are forced to leave. Interestingly, often the flock of hoofs join the flock of yellow bavians. The fact is that baboons have very sharp vision, so they can warn on time.

Mandrily

It is very large view Primates, not belonging to the group of man-shaped monkeys. They live in the territory West Africa. Female males have a very beautiful and bright color. They have a bright pink nose, and on the face there are strips blue color. Females and young males have no bright coloring. The weight of males sometimes reaches fifty four kilograms. Females are much less.

The diet of primates includes both vegetable and animal food. Mandrils eat more than one hundred thirteen species of plants.

There are monkey data with families in which one male and ten-fifteen females are included. Each family is fixed the territory in fifty square meters, which they marked the fragile secret. Pregnancy females last two hundred twenty days. The kids appear on the light from April to December, at this time a lot of food, therefore females have time to fade them. The connection between the mother and the cub is saved for a very long time. Up to three years, the baby comes to spend the night to his mother.

Gorilla

Gorillas are the largest man-like monkeys. These primates in Africa live. Until recently, the duration of the habitat of these monkeys was inaccessible. But the aborigines always knew about the neighborhood of these animals and tried not to meet with them, believing that they had a fierce moral.

Gorilla growth reaches almost two meters, and the weight is from one hundred forty to two hundred kilograms. The body has a square shape. Wool and skin color - black. With the age of males on the back wool seats. Like all primates, the gorillas lead a daily lifestyle. These monkeys eat exclusively vegetable food. They prefer stalks and leaves, but the fruits make up a small share of the diet.

The gorillas are very calm, even phlegmatic character, despite the awesome look. The female mates only with the leader of herd, the pregnancy lasts eight and a half months. The first time he rides the back of the mother, and then walks alongside, holding her wool. Life expectancy is thirty-thirty-five years, but some individuals live in half a century.

The rarest types of monkeys

Man is very harmonious about environmental. Many animals were on the verge of extinction, and the monkeys fell into their number. Some of them include such a small number of individuals that scientists all over the world are alarming. Thus, the animal protection society took under the custody of Drilov - Primates, which are made to the Red Book. The population of these animals has no more than ten thousand individuals. All monkeys (species do not matter) are exterminated by a person with a catastrophic speed. And if it goes on it, then the planet can lose these wonderful animals.

Pets

Currently, the home monkey is not at all uncommon. Many pet stores sell these exotic animals. But it should be borne in mind that not all types of primates are good at home. Here are some types of homemade monkeys, well-adapting to captivity: Tamarins, Martens, Gibments, toys, Kapuchins. These primates are unpretentious in content, but it is necessary to adhere to certain rules. So, they should have a spacious cell, proper nutrition. In no case do not beat the animal and do not shout at him, otherwise it will clict in yourself, it will be aggressive and boring. In bad conditions, monkeys die very quickly.