Evgeny Chazov is a legend of Russian cardiology. Biography of Evgeny Ivanovich Chazov. Scientific activity, family, interesting facts

Born on June 10 1929 1932 -1990 years - Gorky). V 1953 1956

1963 1965 year became a professor.

1960 1974

V 1965 -1967 1967 1976 1968 1967 -1986

V 1971 1991 - RAMS), in 1979 Academician of the USSR Academy of Sciences (since 1991 - RAS).

V 1976 1991 -1997 1997

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Chazov Evgeny Ivanovich - an outstanding Soviet and Russian scientist in the field of cardiology, Deputy Minister of Health of the USSR, Head of the Department of Emergency Cardiology of the A.L. Myasnikov Institute of Cardiology of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences, Director of the All-Union Cardiological Scientific Center of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences, Head of the 4th Main Directorate under the Ministry of Health USSR, Academician of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor.

Born on June 10 1929 years in the city of Nizhny Novgorod (in 1932 -1990 years - Gorky). V 1953 year graduated from the Kiev Medical Institute, after which he entered the residency at the Department of hospital therapy of cardiologist A.L. Myasnikov at the 1st Medical Institute in Moscow. Here, in 1956 year he defended his thesis for competition academic degree candidate of medical sciences.

He worked at the Institute of Therapy of the Academy of Medical Sciences (AMS) of the USSR as a junior, and then as a senior researcher, later as a deputy director of the institute for scientific work. Scientific interests Chazov were formed under the influence of the director of the Institute of Therapy of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences, academician A.L. Myasnikov. V 1963 year Chazov defended his thesis for the degree of Doctor of Medical Sciences, in 1965 year became a professor.

Chazov's work on thrombolytic therapy was widely known. WITH 1960 years he began to use these drugs for the treatment of myocardial infarction, and in 1974 year was the first to use their intracoronary administration. Chazov and his co-workers developed methods of dealing with life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias and conduction disorders in myocardial infarction, including the use of drugs, electro-pulse therapy and cardiac stimulation.

V 1965 -1967 years Chazov director of the Institute of Therapy of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, which in 1967 year was transformed into the Institute of Cardiology (since 1976 year - Institute of Clinical Cardiology named after A.L. Myasnikov) of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences. WITH 1968 Years Deputy Minister of Health of the USSR and at the same time head of the Department of Emergency Cardiology of the Institute of Cardiology named after A.L. Myasnikov. V 1967 -1986 years the head of the 4th Main Directorate under the USSR Ministry of Health.

V 1971 year was elected academician of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences (since 1991 - RAMS), in 1979 Academician of the USSR Academy of Sciences (since 1991 - RAS).

V 1976 year became the director of the new All-Union Cardiological Scientific Center of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences (in 1991 -1997 - Cardiological Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences). V 1997 year, the Center was transformed into the Russian Cardiological Research and Production Complex of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, the General Director of which was Chazov.

As the head therapist was personal doctor leaders of the USSR and Russia - L.I. , K.U. , Yu.V. , M.S. and B.N. as well as leaders foreign states.

V 1968 -1986 years Deputy Minister, and in 1987 -1990 years, the Minister of Health of the USSR.

By decree of the Presidium The Supreme Council USSR from June 27 1978 of the year Evgeny Ivanovich Chazov was awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labor with the award and the Hammer and Sickle gold medal.

The constant desire of Academician Chazov to unite the efforts of theorists and clinicians, representatives of various specialties, among other successes, to achieve important goals, led to the creation of a fundamentally new thrombolytic streptodecase, in which streptokinase was immobilized on a water-soluble matrix of polysaccharide nature for the first time in the world.

V 1982 For the theoretical, experimental and clinical substantiation of the use of immobilized enzymes for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, Chazov and a number of employees were awarded the Lenin Prize.

WITH 1974 year he was elected a deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, was a candidate member of the Central Committee of the CPSU ( 1981 -1982 ), a member of the Central Committee of the CPSU ( 1982 -1990 ).

Chazov became a recognized authority uniting the activities of Russian and American cardiologists. V 1970 -1980 years, together with B. Laun (USA), he was the initiator of the creation and co-chairman (with 1981 of the year) of the International Movement Doctors of the World for the Prevention of nuclear war", Which in 1985 year was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize.

Lives and works in Moscow.

Hero of Socialist Labor, Lenin and State Prize Laureate, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences

Born June 10, 1929 in Gorky. Father - Chazov (Gorshkov) Ivan Petrovich (1901-1969). Mother - Chazova Alexandra Ilyinichna (1904-1971). Spouse - Zhukova Lidia Mikhailovna, for 48 years worked in the 4th Department of the Ministry of Health. Eldest daughter- Tatyana, endocrinologist, associate professor of the Department of Endocrinology, Moscow Medical Academy named after I.M. Sechenov. Youngest daughter- Irina, MD, cardiologist, head of the department of the Institute of Clinical Cardiology. Grandson - Evgeniy Golovnya, 5th year student of the Medical Institute. Granddaughter - Voronkova Olga, graduating from school, is also going to connect her life with medicine.

My maternal grandfather, Ilya Chazov, was a well-known master in the production of cast iron products in the Urals, he worked at the Kuva plant of the Stroganovs. Father comes from peasants in Nizhny Novgorod, after the revolution for a long time served in the army. The mother was the youngest of twelve children in the family. During civil war her brothers went to the partisans, and she, as a Komsomol member, was soon arrested by the Kolchakites. At the onset of the Red Army, the arrested were taken to be shot ... Mother was wounded, miraculously survived: in the taiga, the foresters picked her up and went out. Soon she went to the front, where she met my father, then a partisan-Red Army soldier. When she was already over 30, she graduated from medical school, became a general practitioner, which, of course, played a decisive role in my choice of profession. Mother is a Great Party Patriotic War... At that time I lived with relatives in the northern Urals. In 1944 our family moved to Kiev. Mother worked as an assistant at the Kiev Medical Institute, and then, after moving to Moscow, as the head teacher of the school of nursing at the First Medical Institute. At the Kiev Medical Institute, I graduated with honors from the medical faculty and was recommended for graduate school. But a non-Ukrainian surname interfered with my plans ...

In 1953 E.I. Chazov left for Moscow and entered the department of hospital therapy at the 1st Medical Institute as an intern. Three years later, the young doctor defended his Ph.D. thesis and was sent to work at the Kremlin hospital on Granovsky Street. Meanwhile, A.L. Myasnikov reorganized the Institute of Therapy and in 1958 invited E.I. Chazov was first a senior researcher, head of the resuscitation department, and soon made his deputy.

From the very beginning of my professional activity I was lucky to work with such luminaries of our medicine as P.E. Lukomsky, E.V. Schmidt, V.H. Vasilenko, V.S. Mayat, A. Ya. Abramyan, I. L. Tager, V.N. Vinogradov, E.M. Tareev, M. Ya. Panchenkov. Working with them has allowed me to develop as a general practitioner.

However, my development as a doctor and scientist proceeded at Pirogovka, in the old hospital wards, where A.P. Chekhov, where the principles of the old Russian medical school reigned. Here I met Alexander Leonidovich Myasnikov, who became my teacher and life mentor, largely determined my fate as a scientist and doctor. And the point is not that later I became his closest assistant, that he contributed to my entry into the circle of the world's scientists. The main thing that A.L. Myasnikov, this is that he supported my scientific aspirations, made it possible to translate scientific ideas into reality.

In 1959 E.I. Chazov organized one of the first in international practice block of intensive observation for heart attack patients and special service prehospital medical ambulance. His work on thrombolytic therapy was widely known. Since 1960, he began to use these drugs for the treatment of myocardial infarction, and in 1974 he was the first to use their intracoronary administration. In 1963, Evgeny Ivanovich defended his doctoral dissertation, and two years later he became a professor.

In 1959, when we tackled this problem, every second patient with myocardial infarction died. Before our eyes, a kind of revolution took place that radically changed the fate of these patients. This victory was ensured by the first three principles of their treatment that we put forward: widespread introduction of thrombolytic therapy, including at the pre-hospital stage; creation of a treatment system - from specialized ambulance to intensive care wards; creation of a rehabilitation system.

Now these are simple lines in textbooks for medical schools and manuals for doctors. But how much hard work, sleepless nights, search involving risk, discussions, struggle with officials with or without titles, who were afraid to overstep the instructions, stands behind these dry phrases! How many difficult moments we had to endure because of the envy that often accompanies the successes of scientists!

Then, in the early 60s, when journalists and filmmakers glorified my courage and the successes of Soviet medicine, I could not say that the decision to inject myself with a completely unknown, untested, full of possible complications, a drug that dissolves blood clots, was taken out of despair and fears that I will not be allowed to complete the work. And I am grateful to Lilia Fedorovna Nikolaeva, who worked with me, who later became a professor, one of those who created rehabilitation with our country, and Igor Sergeevich Glazunov, who also became a professor, one of the founders of the epidemiology of non-communicable diseases, that they found the courage to carry out this experiment, which in case of failure and severe complications could bring them great trouble.

The death of A.L. Myasnikova, to some extent, changed the fate of E.I. Chazova. At that time it was not customary to put a "boy" at the head of the academic institute (and Evgeny Ivanovich was 36 years old) was not accepted. For a year, he served as Acting Director, and then was unanimously approved in this position and recommended as a Corresponding Member of the Academy of Medical Sciences. By that time, his work on the treatment of patients with myocardial infarction, new approaches to the treatment of thrombosis had already become widely known in many countries of the world, and the famous American cardiologist Paul White predicted a great future for Chazov's work. But fate intervened, and, despite his objections, E.I. Chazov was appointed head of the 4th Main Directorate of the Ministry of Health. This appointment turned out to be more than twenty long years long ...

Rotating for nearly a quarter of a century in the midst of political passions, knowing about the unusual and unpredictable fates of prominent politicians, I sometimes wanted to know why L.I. Brezhnev fell on me, and with my categorical objection?

At the end of December 1966, at the All-Union Congress of Cardiologists, I had to sit in the Presidium together with the then Minister of Health B.V. Petrovsky. I did not attach any importance to his questions about life, interests, acquaintances, about medical practice. The next day he called me and asked me to come and talk. This also did not cause me concern, since during a meeting at the congress, I dedicated it to plans to create a cardiological service in the country for the treatment of patients with heart disease. Imagine my surprise when, without even having time to say hello, he invited me to head the 4th Main Directorate under the USSR Ministry of Health, which was popularly called the Kremlin Hospital. At the first moment, I was so confused that I did not know what to say. However, the memories of the fastidious and spoiled "contingent" attached to the Kremlin hospital, the constant control of every step in work and life by the KGB made me categorically reject the proposal.

But Petrovsky did not accept my arguments. Having listened to all the arguments, the minister said that tomorrow I should be at the CPSU Central Committee with comrades V.A. Baltiysky and S.P. Trapeznikov, and right after the New Year, L.I. Brezhnev. After such a message, it became clear that I was already a "sold bride" and my resistance was in vain.

On the very first day of 1967, early in the morning, I went to Staraya Square, to entrance number 1. Crossing the threshold of this building, which at that time personified power, might, where the fate of millions was determined and where they entered with reverence and trembling, it did not enter my head it came that this entrance would become for me the usual entrance to an ordinary institution, where I would have to solve everyday work issues.

On this day, I was passed along a chain - B.V. Petrovsky - V.A. Baltiyskiy, V. A. Baltiyskiy - Head of the Science Department of the Central Committee of the CPSU S.P. Trapeznikov. Finally, at about 10 am we (me, B.V. Petrovsky and S.P. Trapeznikov) were invited to L.I. Brezhnev. When I greeted him, I had no idea that I would connect my life with this person for 15 years. At that moment I liked Brezhnev - a stately, fit man with a military bearing, a pleasant smile, conducive to frankness, the manner of conducting a conversation, humor, smooth speech.

The conversation lasted for about two hours. He did not ask me about my political sympathies or beliefs. There were more medical and everyday problems in the conversation. Brezhnev recalled how he suffered a severe myocardial infarction while working in Chisinau, as in 1957, on the eve of the Plenum of the Central Committee of the CPSU, at which Malenkov, Molotov and Kaganovich were defeated, he was hospitalized with a microinfarction and nevertheless went to the plenum to save Khrushchev. We recalled the old "Kremlin" where he was treated and where I worked in 1957. Brezhnev spoke sharply about the state of work of this department. “You are the person with new ideas that we need.

After hearing my categorical objections in conclusion, L.I. Brezhnev said: "Now, if you immediately agreed and said - Leonid Ilyich, the party said" must "means" yes! " you can't find anyone better. " And, turning to the head of security A. Ryabenko, who entered, he added with humor: “Sasha, Yevgeny Ivanovich does not want to go to work in the 4th department, so you find a policeman no lower than a colonel in the guard of the building and send him to the department with him. work".

And I (of course, without a policeman) went to the 4th Main Directorate. The fact that my appointment was made in a hurry and was a complete surprise, in particular for the staff of this department, became clear to me from the curious situation that arose when, with the order for my appointment, I arrived at the commandant's office on Granovskogo Street. When I identified myself, the faces of the guards showed such undisguised surprise and confusion that it made me smile. I was confusedly told that they had no right to let me in, as there was no pass. The head of security called somewhere for a long time, talked to someone. Finally, having apparently received instructions, he ran out of his office with an apology and escorted me to the main building.

Work in the 4th Directorate for E.I. Chazova means endless sleepless nights, constant psychological pressure, unpredictability of the situation, endless business trips combined with a colossal volume of medical activities, work without days off and vacations. Do I need to talk about the incredible responsibility, the extreme nature of the work? Suffice it to say that the health and life of not only the highest leaders of the party and state depended on her. Soviet Union, but also many leaders from Algeria, Angola, Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bulgaria, Hungary, Vietnam, East Germany, Egypt, North Korea, Yemen, Laos, Mongolia, Poland, Syria, Central African Republic, Ethiopia, not to mention hundreds of outstanding political and public figures, scientists, writers, artists such as M. Keldysh, A. Tupolev, M. Yangel, D. Shostakovich, D. Oistrakh, M. Sholokhov, K. Simonov, S. Lemeshev and many others.

As the head of the 4th Directorate E.I. Chazov supervised the treatment of the General Secretaries of the Central Committee of the CPSU L.I. Brezhnev, K.U. Chernenko, Yu.V. Andropov.

All kinds of conjectures, especially in the "post-perestroika" period, I have not heard enough about the level of work of the 4th Main Directorate to preserve the health of leading party and state leaders. What they did not write about the possible use of medicine in political goals, to the extent of accusations of deliberately constructing such treatment regimens and patient regimen, which contributed to the tragic outcome. From a human point of view, reading this nonsense was simply disgusting. But the conscience is calm, because all the results of the posthumous revision indicated the high professionalism of those who carried out the treatment. Our eminent pathologists who were invited to assess the correctness of the diagnosis after the death of the Kremlin leaders - academicians A.I. Strukov, N.A. Kraevsky, whose signatures are under the medical reports, wondered how patients with such a pathology could live and work actively for many years.

"This is possible only under the conditions of the Fourth Directorate," as a rule, they concluded their conclusions. And how could it be otherwise, if the treatment was collegially carried out by the leading scientists and doctors of the country? So all sorts of "memoirists" should know that Professor Chazov has never undertaken anything alone in terms of treating patients.

Implementation modern achievements world medical science was one of the conditions for the provision of highly qualified medical and diagnostic help to the attached contingent, inherent in the institutions of the Kremlin medicine.

For the first time in the history of practical health care in the bowels of the 4th Directorate, the Central Research Laboratory - the Educational and Scientific Center was created, the organizer of the creation of which was E.I. Chazov. It was the basis for optimization of research work in management, effective implementation of the achievements of medical science in everyday clinical and diagnostic work, the main base for postgraduate training of scientific and medical personnel. Academicians V.S. Gasilin, A.P. Golikov, G.A. Ryabov, V.G. Smagin.

The period in the history of medicine when E.I. Chazov, was characterized by a significant increase in the volume of the medical base, widespread introduction of preventive measures, improvement specialized care, the development of scientific foundations for organizing the work of institutions of medical and preventive care. This was facilitated by the construction of a whole network of new unique clinical and polyclinic and sanatorium complexes, such as the United Hospital with a Polyclinic, a new building of the polyclinic (Sivtsev Vrazhek), the Volzhsky Utz sanatoriums, Podmoskovye, Zagorskiye Dali, Moskva, White Nights "," Reshma "," Named after S. M. Kirov "in Pyatigorsk," Ai-Danil "and" Sea surf "in Crimea and many others," Valdai "rest house, creation of a rehabilitation center, further development the main inpatient complex of the Central Clinical Hospital and other healthcare facilities. The successful solution of the tasks assigned to the management was largely determined by the progressive development of the preventive direction in the activities of polyclinic institutions, effective use methods of recovery and rehabilitation in practical work hospitals and health centers of management.

Work in the 4th Directorate gave me the opportunity to create, create, grow as a leader and doctor, and bring my creative plans to life. There I went through a wonderful school and developed as a general practitioner. All complex issues were resolved collectively, at consultations. P.E. Lukomsky, V.S. Mayat, N.N. Malinovsky, A. Ya. Abrahamyan and other outstanding doctors. Despite my managerial position, I did not hesitate to ask and studied constantly. I remember with great respect those people who worked there. They were distinguished by high responsibility and dedication. I remember that during the operation, Marshal D.F. Ustinov needed warm donor blood. One of the anesthesiologists, by the name of Zapadnov, having the same group, gave required amount his blood, and then stood up again workplace in the operating room. And there were many such actions.

Today I am often asked: why, knowing about the state of health of all the top officials of our state, did you not publish them? This is a question that has tormented me for over thirty years and which no one can answer. Where is the line between civic duty and medical ethics? Isn't a doctor a criminal who hides from society the helplessness and incapacity of his patient - the leader of the country, who determines its life and the well-being of the people? But from the standpoint of personality: can a doctor reveal the patient's secrets? For a long time I adhered to the compromise position of "compromise" I myself hated - to open the truth when it cannot influence the political fate of the patient or former leader country, but will preserve the truth for history and, perhaps, will be a lesson for the future. Life experience convinced us that if we want to create an open, free society, then the country's leader should be the most open figure in all respects (including health, especially mental health).

In parallel with work in the 4th Main Directorate E.I. Chazov did not sever ties with his "alma mater", continuing to be the head of the intensive care unit of the Institute of Cardiology. He stood at the origins of the formation in the country of an extensive network of cardiological institutions (research institutes, centers, dispensaries). Created in 1976 on his personal initiative and with the direct participation of the All-Union Scientific Cardiological Center of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences - the Russian Cardiological Research and Production Complex of the Ministry of Health of Russia - and headed by him to the present time, it is a leading multidisciplinary cardiological complex providing highly qualified assistance, whose specialists and the results of their scientific -practical activities received deservedly highly appreciated and recognition among the medical community both in our country and abroad.

There have been many events in my life, but the opening of the cardiological center as a monument to my generation meant no less to me than the award of the Lenin Prize for scientific developments. Our medicine owes the creation of such a center to Alexei Nikolaevich Kosygin, who, having seen 5 million rubles for the construction of the center in the primary plan for the distribution of subbotnik money, said: “What do you want to build - an institution of the highest architectural and medical level or another clinic? build an international center for cardiology. "

The adopted resolution created not only the center, but whole system cardiological care with the creation of institutes of cardiology in the republics. They were built in St. Petersburg, Kiev, Minsk, Chisinau, Bishkek, Tbilisi, Baku, Yerevan, Saratov, construction began in Tashkent, Alma-Ata. Two of our branches were created in Siberia - Tomsk and Tyumen, which later turned into the largest cardiological centers.

In 1987, at the insistence of M.S. Gorbacheva E.I. Chazov was appointed Minister of Health of the USSR by the decision of the Politburo.

With great reluctance I went to the ministry, where everything, starting with the dirty entrance and the corridors, seemed alien to me. But this was a trifle compared to the questions that stood before the ministry - low salary, poor material and technical base, insufficient qualifications of a significant part of doctors, lack of a clear ideology for improving financial, preventive and medical activities. I understood in what difficult situation hit. The position of the minister was no higher (if not lower) than the position of the head of the Kremlin's medical service, who was subordinate to the General Secretary of the CPSU Central Committee and was accountable only to him. Many of my colleagues sarcastically expected the vaunted academician to fail in his new place. The country's health care is not the 4th Main Directorate, which has colossal rights and numerous benefits. However, then I did not go into subtle philosophical and psychological assessments of the new appointment and enthusiastically got down to business.

E.I. Chazov invited to work in the ministry people who came out of practical medicine, who knew its pain points well and clearly represented the shortcomings that need to be corrected. It was obvious that there was a need for renewal in everything: in the principles of organization, financing, management, training and improvement of personnel, and finally, in the determination of priorities.

Under his leadership, the ministry began an active study of issues of insurance medicine, new forms of management and management in the health care system. In order to free medical institutions from shallow trusteeship from above, one of the first raised the issue of decentralization of management, that is, the transfer of many functions performed by the ministry to the localities, to the regions.

Priorities for health care were identified: combating child mortality, infectious diseases, including tuberculosis and AIDS, as well as cardiovascular and oncological diseases. The solution to these problems was carried out through widespread prevention, on the one hand, and the strengthening of specialized care, on the other.

The list of proposals for improving and restructuring the health care system, proposed by the ministry, fully coincided with those ideas for reforming the existing economic and economic system, which were put forward by leading economists, scientists, business executives. Subsequently, it was embodied in a specific resolution of the Central Committee of the CPSU and the Council of Ministers "The main directions of public health protection and the restructuring of health care in the USSR in the twelfth five-year plan and for the period up to 2000", which laid down new approaches to financing and managing health care, its priorities, solving issues of ensuring population with medicines, medical equipment, etc. To imagine the scale of this work, it is enough to point out that 190 (!) Billion rubles were allocated for the solution of healthcare problems for 6 years - a colossal amount at that time.

Analyzing the past, I think that we managed to do the main thing for those times: to achieve recognition by party and economic leaders not in words, but in deeds, the priority of health care issues, open the eyes of the party and society to the true state of health care, its social significance, bring to the consciousness of the leaders of all ranks that in solving health problems is the future of the country and the people. The apotheosis of a wide discussion of health problems was the first congress of doctors, held in the Kremlin Palace of Congresses with the participation, for the first time in the history of the USSR, of the entire Politburo.

List of specific cases of the Ministry of Health under the leadership of E.I. Chazova would take more than one page. So, created in those years with the active support of N.I. Ryzhkov's system of diagnostic centers, not only in Russia, but also in new states, has survived today and is an important link in providing diagnostics at the modern level. Many other examples can be cited, each of which would begin with the word "for the first time": a cardiac care system was created; the foundations for combating child mortality have been laid; a system for combating HIV infection was created (more than 400 special laboratories began to function in the country); an emergency medicine service was created. For the first time, a question was raised, which worried many human rights defenders, about the inadmissibility of using psychiatry for mercenary, including political, purposes. A proposal was made and implemented to organize special medical institutions for the care of dying patients - hospices. The problems of ecology, issues of sanitation and hygiene, which were previously hushed up, were brought up to a wide level of discussion.

The most important achievement was the reduction in those years of total mortality, child mortality, a decrease in the incidence of tuberculosis, sexually transmitted diseases, infections, which ultimately led to an increase average duration life.

All our professional activities, the struggle to improve healthcare took place against the backdrop of the most difficult political battles and political decisions that determined the fate great country... In the wake of popular dissatisfaction with the economic situation and in connection with the unpreparedness of the CPSU for new methods of struggle for power in conditions of pluralism, the so-called multiparty system, glasnost and democracy, many politicians, all kinds of political talkers were involved in these battles, in the center of which were Gorbachev and Yeltsin. with populist slogans that could not offer anything constructive.

When the First Congress of People's Deputies gathered, we hoped that Gorbachev would propose a concrete program for getting out of the economic and political crisis... Unfortunately, the country did not hear anything except general discussions about the mistakes of the past and about democratization, except for verbal skirmishes, appeals and appeals. All this confirmed me in the opinion that it is necessary to leave the post of minister.

Freed from the burden of the ministerial portfolio, in March 1990 E.I. Chazov returned to the leadership of the Cardiological Scientific Center. In full measure, he had to face many problems characteristic of the post-Soviet period.

To shorten the path from science to production, the Cardiological Research Center of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences was reorganized into the Russian Cardiological Research and Production Complex of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, which included clinical and theoretical institutes, a plant and a number of auxiliary units.

The success of our new undertakings would have been impossible without attracting the achievements of the fundamental sciences. Today, the first in Russia thrombolytic drug of a new generation obtained with the help of genetically engineered technology - prourokinase, which helps not only with heart attacks, but also some eye diseases, has been introduced into the practice of treating thrombosis. Monoclonal bodies were obtained to prevent thrombosis. The discovery of a new creatine phosphate pathway for the transfer of energy to the heart opens up new avenues in the search for treatments for heart failure. One of these drugs, neoton, has already found application in the clinic.

As a scientist, I have always been attracted by the riddles of the relationship between the brain and the heart, the elucidation of the material substrate in the central nervous system, which explains the appearance of a number of diseases, in particular hypertension. This became possible when the brain microdialysis method appeared. We began to find out what happens to the neurotransmitters that regulate the activity of the centers of the brain under conditions of well-known stress? And got answers to whole line questions that faced physiologists and clinicians. It turned out, for example, that the body's response to stress depends on the basal content in the vasomotor centers of such neutrotransmitters as norepinephrine and dopamine, that the level of their increase in neurotized animals differed from those observed in healthy animals.

Not many people know that the first works on space medicine came out of our center. V.V. Parin, who once headed the physiology laboratory of the Institute of Therapy, laid its foundations, which traditionally developed and resulted in the long space flight of our employee Oleg Yuryevich Atkov.

Carrying out such works became possible only with the creation of a cardiological center. What to hide? It was the real embodiment of my dream, and not only mine - my teacher, our employees. And not for my own sake, not for the sake of vanity and ambition, I put a lot of effort into a scientific center in the Soviet Union. international level... It is indicative that the first to respond to the creation of the cardiology center was the well-known American magazine Time under the impressive title - City of Cardiology near Moscow.

The authority of the center is undoubtedly confirmed by the fact that it is here and with great success the operation was carried out to the first president of Russia B.N. Yeltsin. The fame and world recognition of E.I. Chazov was brought to his fundamental and clinical research in the field of cardiovascular diseases. The main directions of his scientific activity were the study of the mechanisms of development and treatment of atherosclerosis, issues of thrombus formation and thrombolytic therapy, pathogenesis and treatment of acute myocardial infarction. His scientific developments in the field of diagnostics and treatment of myocardial infarction formed the basis for the system of stage-by-stage treatment of patients with myocardial infarction created in the Soviet Union for the first time in world practice. E.I. Chazov is one of the founders of the scientific direction of the development of thrombolysis methods, the creation of new highly effective thrombolytic drugs.

Evgeny Ivanovich is the founder of the generally recognized school of cardiology. Among his students are academicians, professors ... This is V.M. Bogolyubov, Yu.N. Belenkov, V.V. Kukharchuk, N.A. Mazur, O. Atkov and many others. The students of E.I. Chazova work not only in Russia, but also in Ukraine, Belarus, Kazakhstan, in many leading medical centers the world. Under his leadership, 27 doctoral and 49 candidate dissertations were defended.

Along with the research work of E.I. Chazov is doing a lot of scientific and organizational work. At his suggestion and under his leadership, a network of research institutes of cardiology and institutions of the cardiological service of practical health care was created in all former republics USSR, Association of cardiologists of the CIS countries, developed the State program scientific research in cardiology. E.I. Chazov - Chief Editor journal "Therapeutic Archives", Chairman of the Scientific Council on Cardiovascular Diseases of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences.

My professional life is remembered not only by my successes in scientific and medical work, activities as head of the 4th department and minister. Years of struggle to ban nuclear weapons pass through my memories. When in 1979 my friend and colleague, the famous American cardiologist B. Lown, proposed to organize international movement doctors fighting for the prohibition of nuclear weapons, I had no idea what scale it would reach, what important role it will play an end to the arms race and its limitations. It played the role of a spark, from which a fire broke out social movement against the race nuclear weapons.

In the spring of 1980, a large conference of American medical scientists and doctors was held in Cambridge, Massachusetts, devoted to the consideration of the consequences of nuclear war. The conference, on behalf of 654 prominent American medical and scientific personalities, issued an open statement "Danger: Nuclear War" to the leaders of the United States and the USSR.

Soviet doctors supported the call of their American colleagues to unite the efforts of doctors around the world in the fight against nuclear threat, in explaining to the governments and peoples of the world the true consequences of a nuclear war. For this purpose, at the end of 1980, a meeting of Soviet and American medical scientists took place in Geneva: professors E.I. Chazova, L.A. Ilyina, M.I. Kuzin (USSR), Professor B. Lown and doctors D. Müller and E. Chevian (USA). They unanimously spoke out for the need to create a broad and representative international movement of doctors for the prevention of nuclear war. On March 20-25, 1981 in the small town of Arly near Washington (USA), the first international congress of the "Doctors of the World for the Prevention of Nuclear War" movement was held. Professors E.I. Chazov and B. Lown. At the congress, which was attended by scientists and doctors from 11 countries of the world, for the first time in the history of medicine, summarizing material was given on the medical consequences of nuclear war and documents were adopted, which were then used by the world community, unofficial (international non-governmental commission on disarmament and security under the leadership of U. Palme) and official international organizations (UN, World Health Organization) to make decisions regarding the consequences of a nuclear war. The materials of the congress, its documents found wide support among doctors all over the planet. In just 1981 alone, movements of doctors advocating the prevention of nuclear war were formed in 31 countries of the world.

In July 1981, under the Presidium of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences, the Soviet Committee "Doctors for the Prevention of Nuclear War" was organized, which included leading representatives of medical science, heads of almost all medical societies of the USSR. The committee focused its activities in two main areas: firstly, on the basis of scientific developments he gave an assessment of the possible medical consequences of a nuclear war and, secondly, informed the world community, governments and international organizations O possible consequences nuclear disaster. Academician E.I. Chazov presented scientific data on the medical consequences of nuclear war at meetings of the international non-governmental commission on disarmament and security. The speeches of Soviet physicians on this problem at a major international symposium of lawyers and at the Pontifical Academy of Sciences in Rome were of great importance.

A major victory for the Doctors of the World for the Prevention of Nuclear War movement was a special resolution adopted by the World Health Assembly in May 1981 on the medical consequences of nuclear war and the role of WHO in nuclear arms race prevention and disarmament. Pursuant to this resolution The Director General WHO has established a special expert commission with the participation of scientists from 10 countries, which, based on the study of scientific evidence, presented to WHO a special report "The consequences of nuclear war on public health and health services". 38th session The General Assembly The UN, which took place in December 1983, praised the WHO report in a special resolution.

On April 3-6, 1982, the Second International Congress of the Physicians of the World for the Prevention of Nuclear War movement took place in Cambridge (Great Britain). Over 200 scientists and doctors from 31 countries of the world took part in its work.

The focus of the congress was the consideration of the possible medical consequences of a nuclear war in Europe. The conclusions of the Congress that even partial use of nuclear weapons (1000 megatons) would lead to the death of about 170 million people in the first days and the defeat of another 150 million (out of 670 million living in Europe), exposed the statements of those who advocated the deployment of American nuclear weapons in Europe in an attempt to downplay the danger of this move to the peoples European countries... The congress adopted appeals to the heads of the United States and the USSR, to the participants in the second special session of the UN General Assembly on disarmament, to the heads of nuclear powers and an appeal to doctors in Europe. The participants in the Congress demanded that measures be taken to prevent a nuclear war and eliminate the consequences of the nuclear arms race. As a first step, they stressed the need to freeze nuclear weapons and their means of delivery, and to renounce the use of nuclear weapons first.

The Second Congress not only contributed to the dissemination of reliable information about the consequences of the nuclear conflict, but also strengthened the confidence in the movement of various circles of the public, international and national organizations. By the end of 1982 national organizations doctors, actively advocating the prohibition of nuclear weapons, have already been created in 43 countries around the world.

The Third International Congress "Doctors of the World for the Prevention of Nuclear War", held in June 1983 in Amsterdam, was devoted to the topic "Nuclear Illusions - What Humanity Pays With". More than 200 delegates from 43 countries of the world took part in its work. At the congress, much attention was paid to the long-term consequences of nuclear war, in particular the significance of changes in the biosphere for the future of mankind. For the first time, the issues of the influence of the nuclear arms race on the psyche were actively discussed modern man, in particular, on the formation of the psyche of children. Congress has called for an addition to the "Hippocratic Oath" that young doctors take when they start their careers. On November 15, 1983, the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR approved the following addition to official text"The oath of a doctor" adopted in the USSR: "Aware of the danger posed by nuclear weapon I swear to tirelessly fight for peace, for the prevention of nuclear war. " Secretary General UN

J. Perez de Cuellar, who was presented with the documents of the Congress, praised the contribution of the movement to the struggle to prevent nuclear war.

The Amsterdam Congress marked a qualitatively new stage in the history of the movement of doctors: it finally took shape as an international public organization with its own charter, reflecting its democratic and highly humane character, as well as governing bodies. The first issues of the bulletin were published, which were published by the headquarters of the international organization of doctors. Started to function international council, which consisted of representatives of all national branches of the movement, which involved thousands of doctors from all over the world into its orbit.

Created by E.I. Chazov and B. Lown the international movement "Doctors of the World for the Prevention of Nuclear War" in 1985 was awarded Nobel Prize the world, and Evgeny Ivanovich gave the Nobel lecture.

Long-term fruitful organizational, scientific and clinical work of E.I. Chazova has received many high state awards and prizes. He was awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labor (1978), laureate of the Lenin Prize (1982). He was awarded four Orders of Lenin (1969, 1976, 1978, 1981). Evgeny Ivanovich Chazov was awarded the USSR State Prize three times (1969, 1976, 1991). He is also a laureate of the USSR Council of Ministers Prize. In 1971 he was elected Academician of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, and in 1979 - Academician of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR (now - RAS). Since 1974 E.I. Chazov was elected a deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, was a candidate member of the Central Committee of the CPSU (1981-1982), a member of the Central Committee of the CPSU (1982-1990).

E.I. Chazov was elected an honorary member of the Academies of Sciences of Hungary, Bulgaria, Tajikistan, the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, the Columbian Academy of Medical Sciences, the Mexican National Academy of Medicine, and the Polish Academy of Medicine. E.I. Chazov is an honorary doctor of Jena University (Germany), Charles University (Czech Republic), Queens University (Canada), Belgrade University (Yugoslavia), Krakow University (Poland), Odessa Medical University (Ukraine), St. Petersburg Military Medical Academy (Russia). Honorary Member of the American Heart Association, Swedish Medical Scientific Society, International College of Higher nervous activity(USA), Council of Clinical Cardiology, American Heart Association.

E.I. Chazov was the organizer and president of the IX World Congress of Cardiology (Moscow, 1982) and the I International Conference on Preventive Cardiology (Moscow, 1985), which has become traditional and is held regularly every 4 years in different countries. For thirty years Evgeny Ivanovich has been the coordinator of cooperation with American cardiologists within the framework of an interstate agreement.

E.I. Chazov - member of the expert advisory board The World Organization health care. In 1997, he was awarded the Léon Bernard Foundation Prize by that organization, with the Bronze Medal for Distinguished Service in Community Medicine.

Writing books has become a necessity for me. For the first time I took up the pen in the days when Yu.V. Andropov. My first publicistic experience was the story "Excellent goals" about the experiences of doctors, which was published in the magazine "Banner". If we talk about my hobbies, then, apart from work, of course, first of all, painting. I especially like realists. I personally knew a lot of artists, including Serebryakova, the famous landscape painter Shcherbakov ... I know I. Glazunov well. I love nature very much, I love the Volga, where I was born ... People often write about me that I am an avid hunter. This is not entirely true. I do not hunt for the sake of killing a living, hunting for me is, first of all, an opportunity to be in nature, to have a rest.

When asked, who am I in the first place - a scientist, healthcare organizer, doctor? I, without a moment's hesitation, will answer: a doctor. No matter what work I was, I never left my phonendoscope, and the fate of a sick person was and remains main goal my activity.

Bibliography

For the preparation of this work were used materials from the site biograph.comstar.ru/

In the seventies, jokes were widespread, ridiculing the vices of the system, and personified in the image of L. Brezhnev. The second problem was the growth of corruption processes. Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev was by nature a non-confrontational person, therefore criminal prosecution there were practically no unscrupulous civil servants under him. Business executives ...

Endocrinology problems. In 1924 V.D. Shervinsky was elected chairman of the newly organized Endocrinological Society. In 1925 V.D. Shervinsky spoke at the Russian Endocrinological Society with a report "Development of endocrinology in Russia", where he noted the great importance of nervous system for the clinic of endocrine diseases. Row interesting works V.D. Shervinsky wrote in the last period ...

The Christian feat of giving aid to those infected with cholera in St. Petersburg and the zeal that fell from this victim. " We have no information about the transfer of Mudrov's grave. We hoped to find a burial plan at the Sampson Cathedral and restore it. However, in the process of searching, it turned out that the Vyborg cholera cemetery was located quite far from the cathedral (the cathedral had its own cemetery - the first in ...

Reading. M., 1995. 68. Simonov N. The military-industrial complex of the USSR in the 20s - 50s. // Free thought. 1996. No. 2. 69. Sidorova L. A. "The Sixties" in historical science Russia. // National history... 2001. No. 5. 70. Trukhanovsky V. G. Winston Churchill. Political biography... M., 1977. 71. Timofeev T. Yu. Terror: Stalinist Party Purges (1936-1953). // Questions...

Chazov Evgeniy Ivanovich is an outstanding Russian scientist specializing in cardiovascular diseases. Famous cardiologist per long life held high posts in health care, which did not prevent him from taking place as a practicing specialist. Chazov is a laureate of Lenin, several State and Nobel Prizes, has the title of Academician of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences, professor, doctor of medical sciences.

Childhood

Evgeny Chazov was born in Nizhny Novgorod (then it was called the city of Gorky) on June 10, 1929. Parents met at the front during the Civil War. They moved to Gorky to live with their father's relatives. Mother entered the medical institute, after graduating, worked as a general practitioner. It was she who, by her example, determined the further choice of her son's profession.

WITH early childhood the mother took her son to the countryside, where in summer time I worked as a doctor for 4 months, because there were not enough of them in the village. With the outbreak of the war, my mother, as liable for military service, was immediately called up to the front. The woman ran a military hospital located in Nizhny Novgorod. And Zhenya at the age of 12 with cousin evacuated to Northern Ural- to the mother's homeland.

In 1944, after the liberation of Kiev, Zhenya's father was sent to rebuild the destroyed city - the family was finally reunited. In the city of Evgeny Chazov, choosing a medical institute, he entered to study. After the transfer of his father to Moscow, the young man was left alone in Kiev to finish his studies.

Until now, Evgeny Ivanovich fondly recalls his childhood, especially the pre-war period. He considers him happy and recalls how on the only day off, Sunday, they all went to the cinema together, having breakfast delicious pies prepared by their mother. He is grateful to his parents for happy time and considers the family unique, having survived two wars that did not squander love and respect for each other.

Labor activity

Student years Evgeny Chazov passed in Kiev - he studied at the Kiev Medical Institute, graduating in 1953. After receiving his diploma, the young specialist leaves for his parents in Moscow and enters the residency at the medical institute at the department of cardiologist Myasnikov. During the 3 years spent at the institute, Chazov not only declared himself as a doctor, but also as a scientist. He wrote and successfully defended his Ph.D. thesis already in 1959.

Chazov Evgeny Ivanovich, as a scientist, has come a long way from a junior employee of the institute to the general director, opened on his own initiative of the Russian cardiological complex. The scientist gained fame all over the world, received recognition, awards and titles in the international medical cardiological communities in Europe and the USA. Methods of treatment and discovery of new drugs received well-deserved awards from the state. Innovative ideas in cardiology have been tested on ourselves to make sure they are safe. They have saved millions of people with cardiovascular diseases around the world. For his labor activity no matter what position he occupied, he did not stop practicing.

The labor and scientific activity of Evgeny Ivanovich Chazov has developed brilliantly, taking into account all the titles and awards with which the country deservedly cherished him. The title of Hero of Socialist Labor, awarded in 1978, bears the doctor with dignity and rightly.

Personal life

If you look at the personal life of Academician Chazov without embellishment, then it did not work out as well for him as his scientific work. Evgeny Ivanovich was married three times:

1. First wife - doctor Renata Lebedeva - the first resuscitator in healthcare, academician. The couple did not live together for long. There is a daughter - Tatiana. The girl did not break the dynasty of doctors, being an endocrinologist and professor by profession.
2. The second wife - Lydia Germanova - professor, doctor of sciences, founder of preventive medicine. The couple lived together for over 10 years. From his second marriage, Chazov had a daughter, Irina. The daughter followed in her father's footsteps - she works in cardiology, professor, director of the Myasnikov Institute.
3. Last wife Evgenia Chazova was the secretary of Lydia Zhukova, with whom they lived for almost 30 years. She died several years ago.

After the death of his wife, the academician lives alone, he is supported by his daughters, grandchildren and great-grandson. Academician Chazov hopes that his grandchildren, a newly born great-grandson, will continue the work he has begun and will serve the science of cardiology, giving a second life to those sentenced to death.

Behind the years of prosperity and discoveries in science, years of work in the Main Directorate of the USSR Ministry of Health, where he was the leader and main guardian of the health of the heads of state and their families. He still keeps secrets about the state of health of influential people, why they could depend political career. Western politicians believed that his role in the formation of power was unlimited. But there were moments when he played a fatal role in the fate of politicians.

The biography of Evgeny Ivanovich Chazov is full of scientific activity, practice, love twists and turns. Now he does not have such power, but continues to work at his institute, teach and operate. According to Chazov himself, he is first of all a doctor, and then a health care organizer and a scientist - the fate of a sick person is the main goal of his activities.

H Azov Evgeny Ivanovich - an outstanding Soviet Russian scientist in the field of diseases of the cardiovascular system, a major organizer of health care, Deputy Minister of Health of the USSR, Head of the Department of Emergency Cardiology of the A.L. Myasnikov Institute of Cardiology of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences, Director of the All-Union Cardiological Scientific Center of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences, Head of 4 th Main Directorate under the USSR Ministry of Health, Academician of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor.

Born June 10, 1929 in the city of Nizhny Novgorod. Russian. In 1953 he graduated from the Kiev Medical Institute, after which he entered the residency at the Department of hospital therapy of the cardiologist A.L. Myasnikov at the 1st Medical Institute in Moscow. Here in 1956 he defended his thesis for the degree of candidate of medical sciences.

He worked at the Institute of Therapy of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences as a junior, and then as a senior researcher, and later as a deputy director of the Institute for scientific work. EI Chazov's scientific interests were formed under the influence of the director of the Institute of Therapy of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences, Academician A.L. Myasnikov. In 1963, EI Chazov defended his thesis for the degree of Doctor of Medical Sciences, in 1965 he became a professor.

His work on thrombolytic therapy was widely known. Since 1960, he began to use these drugs for the treatment of myocardial infarction, and in 1974 he was the first to use their intracoronary administration. EI Chazov and his co-workers developed methods of dealing with life-threatening heart rhythm and conduction disturbances in myocardial infarction, including the use of drugs, electro-pulse therapy and cardiac stimulation.

In 1965-1967 - director of the Institute of Therapy of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences, which in 1967 was transformed into the Institute of Cardiology (since 1976 - the A.L. Myasnikov Institute of Clinical Cardiology) of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences. Since 1968 - Deputy Minister of Health of the USSR and at the same time head of the Department of Emergency Cardiology at the Institute of Cardiology named after A.L. Myasnikov. 1967-1986 - Head of the 4th Main Directorate under the USSR Ministry of Health.

In 1976 he became the director of the new All-Union Cardiological Scientific Center of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR (in 1991-1997 - the Cardiological Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences). In 1997, the Center was transformed into the Russian Cardiological Research and Production Complex of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, whose General Director was E.I. Chazov.

As the chief therapist, he was the personal physician of the leaders of the USSR and Russia - L.I.Brezhnev, K.U. Chernenko, Yu.V. Andropov, M.S. Gorbachev and B.N. Yeltsin, as well as leaders of foreign states. The name of E.I. Chazov was entered in the Guinness Book of Records as a person who treated 19 leaders from 16 countries.

In 1968-1986 - Deputy Minister, and from February 17, 1987 to March 29, 1990 - Minister of Health of the USSR. He invited to work in the ministry people who came out of practical medicine, knew its pain points well and clearly represented the shortcomings that need to be corrected. It was obvious that there was a need for renewal in everything: in the principles of organization, financing, management, training and improvement of personnel, and finally, in the determination of priorities.

Under his leadership, the ministry began an active study of issues of insurance medicine, new forms of management and management in the health care system. In order to free medical institutions from shallow trusteeship from above, one of the first raised the issue of decentralization of management, that is, the transfer of many functions performed by the ministry to the localities, to the regions.

Priorities for health care were identified: combating child mortality, infectious diseases, including tuberculosis and AIDS, as well as cardiovascular and oncological diseases. The solution to these problems was carried out through widespread prevention, on the one hand, and the strengthening of specialized care, on the other. The list of proposals for improving and restructuring the health care system, proposed by the ministry, completely coincided with those ideas for reforming the existing economic and economic system, which were put forward by leading economists, scientists, business executives.

Subsequently, it was embodied in a specific resolution of the Central Committee of the CPSU and the Council of Ministers of the USSR "The main directions of public health protection and the restructuring of public health in the USSR in the twelfth five-year plan and for the period up to 2000", which laid down new approaches to financing and managing health care, its priorities, solving issues providing the population with medicines, medical equipment.

Have kaz of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of June 27, 1978 for great services in the field of health care, the development of medical science, the provision of medical and sanatorium assistance to a professor, academician of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences, Deputy Minister of Health of the USSR, head of the 4th Main Directorate under the Ministry of Health of the USSR Chazov Evgeny Ivanovich awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labor with the Order of Lenin and the Hammer and Sickle gold medal.

The constant striving of Academician E.I. Chazov to unite the efforts of theorists and clinicians, representatives of various specialties, among other successes, led to the creation of a fundamentally new thrombolytic streptodecase, in which streptokinase was immobilized on a water-soluble matrix of polysaccharide nature for the first time in the world to achieve important goals. In 1982, for the theoretical, experimental and clinical substantiation of the use of immobilized enzymes for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, EI Chazov and a number of employees were awarded the Lenin Prize.

Author of a number of discoveries in the field of cardiology, over 500 scientific works, including 15 monographs on the problems of clinical cardiology, as well as the books "Diseases of the heart and blood vessels" (v. 1-4; 1982, 1992), "Health and Power" (1992) and "Rock" (2000). More than 100 doctoral and candidate dissertations have been defended under his supervision.

EI Chazov became a recognized authority uniting the activities of Russian and American cardiologists. In the 1970s-1980s, together with B. Laun (USA), he initiated the creation and co-chairman (since 1981) of the International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War movement, which was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1985.

Since 1974 he was elected a deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, was a candidate member of the Central Committee of the CPSU (1981-1982), a member of the Central Committee of the CPSU (1982-1990).

Lives and works in the hero city of Moscow.

Awarded the Soviet 4 Orders of Lenin (1969, 1976, 1978, 1981), the Russian Order of Merit to the Fatherland, 1st (06/10/2009), 2nd (06/12/2004) and 3rd (10/25/2014) degrees , medals, a Certificate of Merit of the Government of the Russian Federation (20.05.1999), as well as orders and medals of foreign states, including the Order of Labor Glory (Moldova), the Order of the Academic Palms (France).

Honored Scientist of the RSFSR (1974), Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan. Doctor of Medical Sciences (1963), Professor (1965). Laureate of the Lenin Prize (1982), the USSR State Prize (1969, 1976, 1991) and the RF (2003), the USSR Council of Ministers Prize, the Botkin Prize of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences (1967), the A.L. Myasnikov Prize of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences (1977), Prize of the Léon Bernard Foundation with the presentation of the medal "For Outstanding Service in the Field of Public Medicine" of the World Health Organization (1997), the International Prize of the Foundation of the Holy All-Praiseworthy Apostle Andrew the First-Called "For Faith and Faithfulness" (2004). He was awarded the Lomonosov Big Gold Medal of the Russian Academy of Sciences (2003), the I.P. Pavlov Gold Medal of the Russian Academy of Sciences (2011).

In 1971, he was elected an academician of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences (since 1991 - RAMS), in 1979, an academician of the USSR Academy of Sciences (since 1991 - RAS). Academician and Honorary Professor of many domestic and foreign academies and institutes, including: Honorary Member of the Academy of Sciences of Hungary, Bulgaria, Serbia, Tajikistan, the Academy of Medical Sciences of Mexico, Colombia, Poland, Romania, Honorary Professor of the Moscow state university, Honorary Doctor of Sciences of the Military Medical Academy (St. Petersburg) and Odessa State Medical University. He was one of the founders of the Faculty of Fundamental Medicine at Moscow State University.

Honorary Citizen of Nizhny Novgorod (June 24, 2009) and Bishkek (Kyrgyzstan).

Hero of Socialist Labor, laureate of the Lenin Prize, three times laureate of the State Prize of the USSR, laureate of the State Prize of the Russian Federation, holder of the Order of Merit for the Fatherland I, II and III degrees, laureate of the Prize of the Council of Ministers of the USSR, Honored Scientist of the RSFSR, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, honorable Sir cities of Nizhny Novgorod (Russia) and Bishkek (Kyrgyzstan)

He learned the innermost secrets of the human heart, his discoveries and selfless activities saved the lives of millions of people. The name Evgeny Chazov personifies the victories of national science and healthcare and is perceived as a legendary "brand".

Born June 10, 1929 in Gorky. Father - Chazov (Gorshkov) Ivan Petrovich (1901-1969). Mother - Chazova Alexandra Ilyinichna (1904-1971). The eldest daughter is Tatiana Evgenievna, Doctor of Medical Sciences, endocrinologist. The youngest daughter - Irina Evgenievna, professor, doctor of medical sciences, cardiologist, head of the department at the Institute of Clinical Cardiology.

Yevgeny Ivanovich's maternal grandfather, Ilya Chazov, was a well-known master in the Urals for the production of cast iron products, he worked at the Kuva plant of the Stroganovs. My father comes from peasants in Nizhny Novgorod, after the revolution he served in the army for a long time. The mother was the youngest of twelve children in the family. During the civil war, her brothers went to the partisans, and she, as a Komsomol member, was soon arrested by the Kolchakites. When the Red Army advanced, the arrested were led to be shot ... Mother was wounded, miraculously survived: in the taiga, the foresters picked her up and went out. Soon she went to the front, where she met Ivan Petrovich, then a partisan-Red Army soldier. When she was already over 30, she graduated from a medical institute, became a general practitioner, which, of course, played a decisive role in her son's choice of a profession.

Alexandra Ilyinichna - participant of the Great Patriotic War. Eugene at this time lived with relatives in the Northern Urals. In 1944 the family moved to Kiev. Mother worked as an assistant at the Kiev Medical Institute, and then, after moving to Moscow, as the head teacher of the school of nursing at the First Medical Institute. At the Kiev Medical Institute, E. Chazov graduated with honors from the medical faculty and was recommended for graduate school.

In 1953 E.I. Chazov left for Moscow and entered the department of hospital therapy at the 1st Medical Institute as an intern. Three years later, the young doctor defended his Ph.D. thesis and was sent to work at the Kremlin hospital on Granovsky Street. In 1959 E.I. Chazov went to work at the Institute of Therapy of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences, which was headed by his teacher A.L. Myasnikov, first a senior researcher, head of the intensive care unit, and soon made him his deputy.

His work on thrombolytic therapy was widely known. Since 1960, he began to use these drugs for the treatment of myocardial infarction, and in 1974 he was the first to use their intracoronary administration.

In 1963, Evgeny Ivanovich Chazov defended his doctoral dissertation, and two years later became a professor.

In 1959, when E.I. Chazov took up the problem of myocardial infarction, every second patient with myocardial infarction died. In front of and with the participation of E.I. Chazov, a kind of revolution took place that radically changed the fate of these patients. This victory was ensured by the first nominated by E.I. Chazov and his colleagues have three principles of their treatment: widespread introduction of thrombolytic therapy, including at the pre-hospital stage; creation of a treatment system - from a specialized ambulance to intensive observation wards; creation of a rehabilitation system.

The death of A.L. Myasnikova, to some extent, changed the fate of E.I. Chazova. At that time it was not customary to put a "boy" at the head of the academic institute (and Evgeny Ivanovich was 36 years old) was not accepted. However, he served as director for a year, and then was unanimously approved in this position and recommended as a Corresponding Member of the Academy of Medical Sciences. By that time, his work on the treatment of patients with myocardial infarction, new approaches to the treatment of thrombosis had already become widely known in many countries of the world, and the famous American cardiologist Paul White predicted a great future for Chazov's work.

But fate intervened, and, despite his objections, E.I. Chazov was appointed head of the 4th Main Directorate of the Ministry of Health. This appointment turned out to be more than twenty long years long ...

E.I. Chazov recalls: “Rotating for nearly a quarter of a century in the midst of political passions, knowing about the unusual and unpredictable fates of prominent political figures, I sometimes wanted to know why L.I. Brezhnev fell on me, and with my categorical objection? " The first conversation with L.I. Brezhnev. The conversation lasted for about two hours. He did not ask Evgeny Ivanovich about his political sympathies or beliefs. There were more medical and everyday problems in the conversation. Brezhnev recalled how he suffered a severe myocardial infarction while working in Chisinau, as in 1957, on the eve of the Plenum of the CPSU Central Committee, at which Malenkov, Molotov and Kaganovich were defeated, he was hospitalized with a microinfarction and still went to the plenum to save Khrushchev. They recalled the old "Kremlin", where he was treated and where E.I. Chazov worked in 1956-1958. Brezhnev spoke sharply about the state of work of this department. “You are the person with new thoughts that we need. It is necessary to create an indicative system, attract the best forces, take on arms all the best that is in world medicine. "

After hearing in conclusion the categorical objections of E.I. Chazova, L.I. Brezhnev said: "Now, if you immediately agreed and said: Leonid Ilyich, the party said" must "- that means" there is! " And if you refuse, it means that you will not find anyone better than you. "

Work in the 4th department for E.I. Chazova means endless sleepless nights, constant psychological pressure, unpredictability of the situation, endless business trips combined with a colossal volume of medical activities, work without days off and vacations. Do I need to talk about the incredible responsibility, the extreme nature of the work? Suffice it to say that the health and life of not only the top leaders of the party and our state, but also many leaders from Algeria, Angola, Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bulgaria, Hungary, Vietnam, East Germany, Egypt, North Korea, Yemen, Laos, Mongolia depended on it , Poland, Syria, Central African Republic, Ethiopia, not to mention hundreds of prominent political and public figures, scientists, writers, artists such as M.V. Keldysh, A.N. Tupolev, M.K. Yangel, D.D. Shostakovich, D.F. Oistrakh, M.A. Sholokhov, K.M. Simonov, S. Ya. Lemeshev, and many others.

As the head of the 4th department E.I. Chazov supervised the treatment of the General Secretaries of the Central Committee of the CPSU L.I. Brezhnev, Yu.V. Andropov, K.U. Chernenko. For the first time in the history of practical health care, in the depths of the 4th department, the Central Research Laboratory - the Educational and Scientific Center was created, the organizer of the creation of which was E.I. Chazov. It was the basis for optimization of research work in management, effective implementation of the achievements of medical science in everyday clinical and diagnostic work, the main base for postgraduate training of scientific and medical personnel. Academicians V.S. Gasilin, A.P. Golikov, G.A. Ryabov, V.G. Smagin.

The period in the history of medicine when E.I. Chazov, was characterized by a significant increase in the volume of the medical base, the widespread introduction of preventive measures, the improvement of specialized care, the development of the scientific foundations for organizing the work of medical and preventive care institutions. This was facilitated by the construction of a whole network of new unique clinical and polyclinic and sanatorium complexes, such as the United Hospital with a Polyclinic, a new building of the polyclinic (Sivtsev Vrazhek), the Volzhsky Utz sanatoriums, Podmoskovye, Zagorskiye Dali, Moscow, White nights ”,“ Reshma ”,“ In the name of S.M. Kirov "in Pyatigorsk," Ai-Danil "and" Sea surf "in the Crimea and many others, the Valdai rest house, the creation of a rehabilitation center, further development of the main inpatient complex of the Central Clinical Hospital and other healthcare facilities. The successful solution of the tasks assigned to the management was largely determined by the progressive development of the preventive direction in the activities of polyclinic institutions, the effective use of recovery and rehabilitation methods in the practical work of hospitals and health resorts of the management.

Work in the 4th department gave E.I. Chazov has the opportunity to create, to create, to grow as a leader and doctor, to realize his creative plans. There he went through an excellent school and developed as a general practitioner.

All complex issues were resolved collectively, at consultations. P.E. Lukomsky, V.S. Mayat, N.N. Malinovsky, A. Ya. Abrahamyan and other outstanding doctors. Despite his managerial position, Evgeny Ivanovich did not hesitate to ask and studied constantly. He remembers with great respect those people who worked there. They were distinguished by high responsibility and dedication. Once during an operation, Marshal D.F. Ustinov needed warm donor blood. One of the anesthesiologists, by the name of Zapadnov, having the same group, gave the required amount of his own blood, and then got back to his workplace in the operating room. And there were many such actions.

In parallel with his work in the 4th Main Directorate, Evgeny Ivanovich Chazov did not break off ties with his "alma mater", continuing to be the head of the intensive care unit of the Institute of Cardiology. He stood at the origins of the formation in the country of an extensive network of cardiological institutions (research institutes, centers, dispensaries). Created in 1975 on his personal initiative and with the direct participation of the All-Union Cardiological Research Center of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences - the Russian Cardiological Research and Production Complex of the Ministry of Health of Russia (FSBI "National Medical Research Center of Cardiology" of the Ministry of Health of Russia) highly qualified assistance, whose specialists and the results of their scientific and practical activities have received deservedly high appraisal and recognition among the medical community both in the USSR, Russia and abroad.

Soviet, Russian medicine owes the creation of such a center to Alexei Nikolaevich Kosygin, who, seeing 5 million rubles for the construction of the center in the primary plan for the distribution of the subbotnik money, said: “What do you want to build - an institution of the highest architectural and medical level or another clinic? Remember, you are building an international center for cardiac science. "

The adopted resolution created not only a center, but a whole system of cardiological care with the creation of institutes of cardiology in the republics. They were created in St. Petersburg, Kiev, Minsk, Chisinau, Bishkek, Tbilisi, Baku, Yerevan, Saratov, construction began in Tashkent, Alma-Ata. Two branches of the cardiology center were created in Siberia - Tomsk and Tyumen, which later became the largest cardiology centers.

In 1987, at the insistence of M.S. Gorbacheva E.I. Chazov was appointed Minister of Health of the USSR by the decision of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the CPSU. With great reluctance he went to the ministry, where everything, starting with the dirty entrance and corridors, seemed alien to him. But this was a trifle in comparison with the issues that faced the ministry - low salaries, poor material and technical base, insufficient qualifications of a significant part of doctors, the lack of a clear ideology for improving financial, preventive and medical activities.

E.I. Chazov invited to work in the ministry people who came out of practical medicine, who knew its pain points well and clearly represented the shortcomings that need to be corrected. It was obvious that there was a need for renewal in everything: in the principles of organization, financing, management, training and improvement of personnel, and finally, in the determination of priorities. Under his leadership, the ministry began an active study of issues of insurance medicine, new forms of management and management in the health care system. In order to free medical institutions from shallow trusteeship from above, one of the first raised the issue of decentralization of management, that is, the transfer of many functions performed by the ministry to the localities, to the regions.

Priorities for health care were identified: combating child mortality, infectious diseases, including tuberculosis and AIDS, as well as cardiovascular and oncological diseases. The solution to these problems was carried out through widespread prevention, on the one hand, and the strengthening of specialized care, on the other. The list of proposals for improving and restructuring the health care system, proposed by the ministry and personally by the minister, completely coincided with those ideas for reforming the existing economic and economic system, which were put forward by leading economists, scientists, business executives. Subsequently, it was embodied in a specific Resolution of the Central Committee of the CPSU and the Council of Ministers of the USSR "The main directions of public health protection and the restructuring of public health in the USSR in the twelfth five-year plan and for the period up to 2000", which laid down new approaches to financing and managing health care, its priorities, solving issues providing the population with medicines, medical equipment, etc. To imagine the scale of this work, it is enough to point out that 190 (!) Billion rubles were allocated for the solution of healthcare problems for 6 years - a colossal amount at that time. “Analyzing the past,” says E.I. Chazov, - I think we managed to do the main thing for those times: to achieve recognition by party and economic leaders, not in words, but in deeds, the priority of health care issues, open the eyes of the party and society to the true state of health care, its social significance, bring to the consciousness of the leaders of all ranks that in solving health problems is the future of the country and the people. The apotheosis of a wide discussion of health problems was the first congress of doctors, held in the Kremlin Palace of Congresses with the participation, for the first time in the history of the USSR, of the entire Politburo. "

List of specific cases of the Ministry of Health under the leadership of E.I. Chazova would take more than one page. There are many examples, each of which would begin with the word “for the first time”: a cardiac care system was created; the foundations for combating child mortality have been laid; a system for combating HIV infection was created (more than 400 special laboratories began to function in the country); an emergency medicine service was created. For the first time, a question was raised, which worried many human rights defenders, about the inadmissibility of using psychiatry for mercenary, including political, purposes. A proposal was made and implemented to organize special medical institutions for the care of dying patients - hospices. The problems of ecology, issues of sanitation and hygiene, which were previously hushed up, were brought up to a wide level of discussion.

The most important achievement was the reduction in those years of overall mortality, child mortality, a decrease in the incidence of tuberculosis, sexually transmitted diseases, infections, which ultimately led to an increase in average life expectancy.

In March 1990 E.I. Chazov, freed from the burden of the ministerial portfolio, returned to the management of the Cardiological Scientific Center. In full measure, he had to face many problems characteristic of the post-Soviet period. To shorten the path from science to production, the Cardiological Research Center of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences was reorganized into the Russian Cardiological Research and Production Complex of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, which included the Institutes of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology, the experimental production of biomedical products and a number of auxiliary units.

The success of Yevgeny Chazov's new undertakings would have been impossible without attracting the achievements of the fundamental sciences. In the center E.I. Chazov, the first in Russia thrombolytic drug of a new generation obtained with the help of genetically engineered technology, prourokinase, which helps not only with heart attacks, but also with some eye diseases, has been introduced into the practice of treating thrombosis. Monoclonal bodies were obtained to prevent thrombosis.

The fame and world recognition of E.I. Chazov was brought to his fundamental and clinical research in the field of cardiovascular diseases. The main directions of his scientific activity were the study of the mechanisms of development and treatment of atherosclerosis, issues of thrombus formation and thrombolytic therapy, pathogenesis and treatment of acute myocardial infarction. His scientific developments in the field of diagnostics and treatment of myocardial infarction formed the basis for the system of stage-by-stage treatment of patients with myocardial infarction created in the Soviet Union for the first time in world practice. E.I. Chazov is one of the founders of the scientific direction of the development of thrombolysis methods, the creation of new highly effective thrombolytic drugs.

Evgeny Ivanovich is the founder of the generally recognized school of cardiology. Among his students are academicians, professors ... This is V.M. Bogolyubov, Yu.N. Belenkov, V.V. Kukharchuk, N.A. Mazur, O. Yu. Atkov and many others. The students of E.I. Chazova work not only in Russia, but also in Ukraine, Belarus, Kazakhstan, in many leading medical centers in the world. More than 30 doctoral and about 60 master's theses were defended under his supervision. E.I. Chazov - author of over 500 scientific papers, including fifteen monographs, some of which were published in the USA, Germany, Great Britain, Poland, Yugoslavia.

Along with the research work of E.I. Chazov did a lot of scientific and organizational work. At his suggestion and under his leadership, a network of research institutes of cardiology and institutions of the cardiological service of practical health care in all the former republics of the USSR, the Association of Cardiologists of the CIS countries was created, the State Program of Scientific Research in Cardiology was developed. E.I. Chazov - member of the Bureau of the Branch biological sciences RAS, member of the Presidium of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, editor-in-chief of the journals "Therapeutic Archives", "Cardiology of the CIS", "Cardiological Bulletin", Chairman of the Scientific Council on Cardiovascular Diseases of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Chief Cardiologist of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation.

Talking about professional life Academician E.I. Chazov, you cannot pass by his multifaceted social activities and the fight to ban nuclear weapons. When in 1979 his friend and colleague, the renowned American cardiologist B. Lown proposed to organize an international movement of doctors fighting for the prohibition of nuclear weapons, E.I. Chazov did not anticipate what scale it would reach, what an important role it would play in ending the arms race and its limitations. It played the role of a spark that ignited the fire of a broad social movement against the nuclear arms race. In the spring of 1980, a large conference of American medical scientists and doctors was held in Cambridge, Massachusetts, devoted to the consideration of the consequences of nuclear war. The conference, on behalf of 654 prominent American medical and scientific personalities, issued an open statement "Danger: Nuclear War" to the leaders of the United States and the USSR. Soviet doctors supported the call of their American colleagues to unite the efforts of doctors around the world in the fight against the nuclear threat, in explaining to the governments and peoples of the world the true consequences of a nuclear war. To this end, at the end of 1980 in Geneva (Switzerland), a meeting of Soviet and American medical scientists took place: professors E.I. Chazova, L.A. Ilyina, M.I. Kuzin (USSR), Professor B. Lown and doctors D. Müller and E. Chevian (USA).

They unanimously spoke out for the need to create a broad and representative international movement of doctors for the prevention of nuclear war. On March 20-25, 1981, in the small town of Arly near Washington (USA), the First International Congress of the Physicians of the World for the Prevention of Nuclear War movement was held. Professors E.I. Chazov and B. Lown. At the congress, which was attended by scientists and doctors from 11 countries of the world, for the first time in the history of medicine, summarizing material on the medical consequences of nuclear war was given and documents were adopted, which were then used by the world community, unofficial (International Non-Governmental Commission on Disarmament and Security under the leadership of U. Palme) and official international organizations (UN, World Health Organization) to make decisions regarding the consequences of a nuclear war. The materials of the congress, its documents found wide support among doctors all over the planet. In just 1981 alone, movements of doctors advocating the prevention of nuclear war were formed in 31 countries of the world.

In July 1981, under the Presidium of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences, the Soviet Committee "Doctors for the Prevention of Nuclear War" was organized, which included leading representatives of medical science, heads of almost all medical societies of the USSR. The committee focused its activities in two main areas: firstly, on the basis of scientific developments, it assessed the possible medical consequences of a nuclear war and, secondly, informed the world community, governments and international organizations about the possible consequences of a nuclear catastrophe. Academician E.I. Chazov presented scientific data on the medical consequences of nuclear war at meetings of the International Non-Governmental Commission on Disarmament and Security.

A major victory for the Physicians of the World for the Prevention of Nuclear War movement was a special resolution adopted in May 1981 by the World Health Assembly on the medical consequences of nuclear war and the role of WHO in nuclear arms race prevention and disarmament.

Pursuant to this resolution, an ad hoc expert commission of experts from 10 countries was established by the Director-General of WHO, which, based on a study of scientific evidence, presented to WHO a special report “The consequences of nuclear war on public health and health services”. The 38th session of the UN General Assembly, which took place in December 1983, praised the WHO report in a special resolution.

Then the Second and Third International Congresses of the "Doctors of the World for the Prevention of Nuclear War" movement took place. Over 200 scientists and doctors from 45 countries of the world took part in their work. The Third Congress called for an addition to the "Hippocratic Oath" that young doctors take when they start their professional career. On November 15, 1983, the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR approved the following addition to the official text of the Doctor's Oath adopted in the USSR: “Aware of the danger posed by nuclear weapons, I swear to tirelessly fight for peace, for the prevention of nuclear war.” UN Secretary General J. Perez de Cuellar, who was presented with the documents of the Congress, praised the contribution of the movement to the struggle to prevent nuclear war.

The Third Amsterdam Congress marked a qualitatively new stage in the history of the movement of doctors: it finally took shape as an international public organization with its own charter reflecting its democratic and highly humane character, as well as governing bodies. Created by E.I. Chazov and B. Lown the international movement "Doctors of the World for the Prevention of Nuclear War" in 1985 was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize, and Evgeny Ivanovich gave the Nobel Lecture.

Long-term fruitful organizational, scientific and clinical work of E.I. Chazova was awarded many high state awards and prizes of the USSR and the Russian Federation. He was awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labor (1978), laureate of the Lenin Prize (1982). E.I. Chazov was awarded the highest awards of the USSR (awarded four Orders of Lenin), Russia (holder of the Order of Merit for the Fatherland I, II and III degrees, the Order of Merit for the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic). E.I. Chazov was awarded the USSR State Prize three times (1969, 1976, 1991), he is a laureate of the USSR Council of Ministers Prize. In 2004 he was awarded the 2003 State Prize of the Russian Federation in the field of science and technology. In 1971, he was elected an academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR (now the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences), and in 1979 - an academician of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR (now the Russian Academy of Sciences). Since 1974 E.I. Chazov was elected a deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, was a candidate member of the CPSU Central Committee (1981-1982), a member of the CPSU Central Committee (1982-1990).

E.I. Chazov was elected an honorary member of the Academies of Sciences of Hungary, Bulgaria, the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, the Colombian Academy of Medical Sciences, the Mexican National Academy of Medicine, the Polish Academy of Medicine (with the presentation of the International Gold Medal for Merit in Medicine "Medicus Magnus" and the Great Gold Medal of the Polish Academy medicine).

E.I. Chazov is a full member of the World Academy of Medicine. Albert Schweitzer, honorary member of the Romanian Academy of Medical Sciences, the International Academy of Sciences on Cardiovascular Diseases (Canada), member of the European Academy of Sciences and Arts (Austria), honorary member of the Tajik Academy of Sciences, Kyrgyz State Medical Academy, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Moldova.

E.I. Chazov - Honorary Doctor of Jena University (Germany), Charles University (Czech Republic), Queens University (Canada), Belgrade University (Yugoslavia), Krakow University (Poland), Faculty of Medicine of Pristina University of the Republic of Serbia, Moldavian Medical University, Odessa Medical University (Ukraine) ), St. Petersburg Military Medical Academy (Russia). Honorary Professor of the Kazakh National Medical University, National Medical University named after A.A. Bogomolets (Ukraine), Moscow State University. M.V. Lomonosov.

Honorary member of the American Heart Association, the Swedish Medical Scientific Society, the International College of Higher Nervous Activity (USA).

E.I. Chazov was the organizer and president of the IX World Congress of Cardiology (Moscow, 1982) and the I International Conference on Preventive Cardiology (Moscow, 1985), which has become traditional and is held regularly every 4 years in different countries.

For thirty years Evgeny Ivanovich has been the coordinator of cooperation with American cardiologists within the framework of an interstate agreement.

E.I. Chazov - Commander of the Order of Nemani ( state award Serbia and Montenegro), awarded the title of Commander of the Order of Academic Palms (France), awarded the gold medal of Albert Schweitzer (Poland), the Order of Glory (Moldova). E.I. Chazov was awarded the M.V. Lomonosov (RAS), he was awarded the S.P. Botkin (Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR), named after A.L. Myasnikov (Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR), Andrew the First-Called "For Faith and Loyalty." E.I. Chazov is a laureate of the International Prize in the field of medicine, health industry and preservation of the human environment in the category "Legend of World Medicine".

E.I. Chazov is a member of the Expert Advisory Council of the World Health Organization.

In 1997, he was awarded the Léon Bernard Foundation Prize by that organization, with the Bronze Medal for Distinguished Service in Community Medicine. The International Biographical Center (Moscow) is recognized as the "Man of the Century". Evgeny Ivanovich Chazov is the author of publicistic books: "Health and Power" (Moscow: Novosti, 1992), "Rock" (Moscow: Geotar Medicine, 2000) and a number of others.

If we talk about the hobbies of E.I. Chazova, this is primarily work and, of course, painting. He is especially fond of realists. I personally knew many artists, including Serebryakova, the famous landscape painter Shcherbakov. He was friends with I. Glazunov. He loves nature, the Volga, where he was born. It is often written about him that he is an avid hunter. This is not entirely true. He hunted not for the sake of killing a living, hunting for him is, first of all, an opportunity to be in nature, to have a rest.

To the question, who is he in the first place - a scientist, a health care organizer, a doctor? - Evgeny Ivanovich Chazov, without a moment's hesitation, answers: “Doctor. No matter what job I was, I never left my phonendoscope, and the fate of a sick person was and remains the main goal of my work. "