Differences between false and real chanterelles. How to distinguish a false chanterelle from a real one and not collect a basket of “doubles”

A trip to the forest always evokes a lot of positive emotions. Some prefer leisurely walks, others prefer useful pastime, such as picking mushrooms. From spring until late autumn they can be found almost everywhere. The main thing in this matter is to be able to distinguish edible specimens from dangerous ones, for example, do not type false ones instead of ordinary ones chanterelles or, which quite similarly masquerade as real ones.

Types of chanterelles

exists in nature big variety types of mushrooms. Often edibles have inedible double. These include the chanterelle; there are several species similar to it. The most similar to it is the false chanterelle. You can distinguish them from each other by recognizing the characteristics of each species.

So, either the Cockerel or the real one is one of the useful inhabitants of the forest. Represents a family of the same name. It got its name due to its color, reminiscent of the color of a fox fur coat, and its original shape.

It contains the following substances:

• some essential amino acids;
• carotene;
• vitamin C;
• polysaccharides;
• a number of microelements and other substances.

It has a pleasant, delicate taste. The components contained in it determine the following healing properties:

• Helps cope with certain liver diseases.
• Antihelminthic effect due to a special substance in the composition - quinomannose.
• Radiation products are removed.

False mushrooms, they are also orange talkers, do not have such properties, rather, on the contrary. Despite their external similarity, they belong to another family - Hygrophoropsis, category conditionally edible mushrooms. If a person accidentally (or intentionally) eats it, there is a possibility of stomach discomfort. Although with sufficient heat treatment it can be eaten.

In our country it is not consumed as food, as it is considered unfit or practically unfit for food due to its unpleasant taste. And in other countries (despite the fact that it is considered edible), cases of stomach upset and, according to some reports, hallucinations have been recorded after its consumption. Therefore, you need to think carefully before eating such a mushroom.

Botanical description of false chanterelle

Grows on rotten wood. Has the following characteristic features:

The first layer appears in early summer, then harvesting is possible from August to October. Often appears after rains. Grows in mixed and coniferous forests middle zone, usually. The common chanterelle is characterized by the following features:

So, false chanterelles can be determined by appearance. The following points will help you figure out whether the mushroom in front of you is edible or its harmful “analogue”:

1. Talkers love to grow on rotting trees, cockerels love to grow in moss.
2. IN natural environment The common chanterelle is found in groups in most cases. If you come across one, there will definitely be more and more nearby. The false one grows alone.
3. The chanterelle cap has a wavy, uneven shape, and the false one has an ideal geometry.
4. The false fox has a much brighter color than its opponent.
5. The leg of the false mushroom is noticeably thinner and smaller in height.
6. When pressing on false mushroom The flesh does not change color; the real one becomes darker.
7. And finally common chanterelle Worms almost never eat. This happens only when there are no other mushrooms in a dry summer.

Despite some external similarity, still false fox can be distinguished from the real one external signs. It is better not to eat it to avoid unpleasant consequences, such as disorder gastrointestinal tract or even a hallucinogenic-like state.

The mushroom season in our country begins at the end of summer and continues until late autumn. Thousands of pickle lovers go to the forests and happily indulge in a surprisingly calm and pleasant pastime - picking mushrooms. True, the statistics of poisonings during this period deteriorates significantly. And all because there are not many truly experienced people in this matter. The vast majority are an army of amateurs who often cannot distinguish real mushroom from its very successful “fake”, which is created by Mother Nature herself. How to avoid becoming a victim of her surprises? Today we will learn to distinguish such famous mushroom, like a fox, from her unfriendly sister - false.

Real fox- it is also called the common chanterelle. Belongs to the chanterelle family. Usually lives in symbiosis with various trees, but most often with pine, spruce, oak or beech. Prefers temperate climates, mixed or coniferous forests, wet moss, grass or litter. Chanterelle season is from August to October. Her hat and leg are a single whole, without a noticeable border. Color can vary from orange to light yellow. And when pressed it may turn red. The caps are usually about 2-12 centimeters in diameter and have a characteristic wavy edge or irregular shape. This distinguishes them from many other mushrooms, whose caps are geometrically regular: round or oval. On the surface of the chanterelle you can see a smooth matte finish, and the skin is difficult to separate from the pulp. Mushroom pickers love them for their dense fleshiness and special sour taste with the smell of roots and fruits.

False chanterelle(orange talker) - has a funnel-shaped golden-yellow or orange cap. It is characteristic that the flesh of this mushroom is different unpleasant smell. Like his ordinary relative mushroom kingdom, also inhabits coniferous forests, often appearing among moss or on dead wood, rotting trees.

Comparison

In fact, distinguishing a real chanterelle from a fake is not so difficult. To begin with, you should pay attention to the color. In false chanterelles, unlike real ones, it is especially bright orange in the transition to copper-red. And the ordinary ones are just exactly yellow.

legs real fox thick and not hollow. The spores are yellowish. But her false sister has the opposite: the leg is thin, and the spores are white.

Take a sniff. It was already said earlier that the difference between a true mistress of the forest is her fruity or woody smell. But you are unlikely to want to put the talkers in the basket after such a check.

Each variety has its own growing habits. If you notice that a small family of foxes is located on a fallen tree - be careful! Real mushrooms would prefer a mossy stump.

Mushrooms do not like to grow alone. Usually this is a whole family united by a common mycelium. But false chanterelles have just such a feature. They are often found in a single copy. For this reason alone, you should be wary.

Look at the color of the pulp. The real one is yellowish and white in the middle. The fake one is distinguished by a solid orange or yellow color.

Lightly press the flesh with your finger. An ordinary fox will blush modestly, but a false one will remain calmly monochromatic.

Real chanterelles are rarely worm-bearing, since they secrete chitinmannose and the larvae die under its influence. But orange talkers do not have chitinmannose, so the larvae can infect them.

The chanterelles are real
False chanterelles

What to do if you eat a false chanterelle?

It is now believed that the false chanterelle is not poisonous, but its edibility is still conditional. In sensitive people, this mushroom can cause stomach upset. In any case, it is better to collect good, tasty and safe mushrooms.

Conclusions website

1. The coloring of real chanterelles is calm and light, while false ones prefer brightness.
2. The edges of the caps of real chanterelles are wavy, irregular shape. But the opposite is a sign of a false one.
3. The legs of the common chanterelle are thick and the spores are yellowish, while the false chanterelle has white spores and thin legs.
4. Smell good mushroom pleasant, which false chanterelles cannot boast of.
5. False chanterelles can grow on fallen trees, but real chanterelles love mossy places.
6. If you come across a lonely growing fox, it is better not to take it. Real ones love nepotism.
7. The common chanterelle has yellowish-white flesh, while the false ones are solid yellow.
8. When you press on the flesh, real chanterelles turn a little red, but false ones do not.
9. Worms will not eat real mushrooms. But the false one is fun.

Chanterelles (lat. Cantharellus) - mushrooms that belong to the department Basidiomycetes, class Agaricomycetes, order Cantarellaceae, family Chanterelleaceae, genus Chanterelles. These mushrooms are difficult to confuse with others, as they have an extremely memorable appearance.

Chanterelles (mushrooms): description and photo

The body of chanterelles is shaped like the body of cap-legged mushrooms, but the cap and stem of chanterelles are one whole, without visible boundaries, even the color is approximately the same: from pale yellow to orange. The cap of the chanterelle mushroom is from 5 to 12 centimeters in diameter, irregular in shape, flat, with curled, outstretched wavy edges, concave or pressed inward, in some mature individuals it is funnel-shaped. People call this type of hat “in the shape of an inverted umbrella.” The chanterelle's cap is smooth to the touch, with a skin that is difficult to peel off.

The flesh of chanterelles is fleshy and dense, fibrous in the stalk area, white or yellowish in color, has a sour taste and a faint smell of dried fruit. When pressed, the surface of the mushroom becomes reddish.

The leg of the chanterelle is most often the same color as the surface of the cap, sometimes slightly lighter, has a dense, smooth structure, uniform in shape, slightly tapered towards the bottom, 1-3 centimeters thick, 4-7 centimeters long.

The surface of the hymenophore is folded, pseudoplastic. It is represented by wavy folds flowing down the stem. In some species of chanterelles it may be veiny. The spore powder is yellow in color, the spores themselves are ellipsoidal, measuring 8*5 microns.

Where, when and in what forests do chanterelles grow?

Chanterelles grow from early June to mid-October, mainly in coniferous or mixed forests, about , or . They are found more often in damp areas, in forests temperate climate among the grass, in the moss or in a pile of fallen leaves. Chanterelles often grow in large groups and appear en masse after thunderstorms.

Types of chanterelles, names, descriptions and photographs

There are more than 60 species of chanterelles, many of them edible. Poisonous chanterelles does not exist, although there are some in the family inedible species, for example, false fox. This mushroom also has poisonous doubles– for example, mushrooms of the genus Omphalotes. Below are some varieties of chanterelles:

• Common chanterelle (real chanterelle, cockerel) (lat. Canthar ellus ciba rius)

The common chanterelle grows in deciduous and coniferous forests in June and then from August to October.

• Gray chanterelle (lat. Cantharellus cinereus)

Edible mushroom of gray or brown-black color. The cap has a diameter of 1-6 cm, stem height 3-8 cm, stem thickness 4-15 mm. The leg is hollow inside. The cap has wavy edges and a depression in the center, the edges of the cap have an ash-gray tint. The pulp is elastic, gray or brownish in color. Hymenophore folded. The taste of the mushroom is inexpressive, without aroma.

Gray fox grows in mixed and deciduous forests from late July to October. This mushroom can be found in the European part of Russia, Ukraine, America and other countries Western Europe. The gray fox is known to few people, so mushroom pickers avoid it.

• Cinnabar red chanterelle (lat. Cantharellus cinnabarinus)

An edible mushroom with a reddish or pinkish-red color. The diameter of the cap is 1-4 cm, the height of the stem is 2-4 cm, the flesh is fleshy with fibers. The edges of the cap are uneven, curved, the cap itself is concave towards the center. Hymenophore folded. Thick pseudoplates are pink. Spore powder is pink-cream.

Cinnabar-red chanterelle grows in deciduous forests, mainly oak groves, in the eastern part North America. The mushroom picking season is summer and autumn.

• Velvety chanterelle (lat. Cantharellus friesii)

Edible, but rare mushroom, having a cap of orange-yellow or reddish color. The color of the legs is from light yellow to light orange. The diameter of the cap is 4-5 cm, the height of the stem is 2-4 cm, the diameter of the stem is 1 cm. The cap of a young mushroom has a convex shape, which turns into a funnel-shaped shape with age. The flesh of the cap is light orange when cut, and whitish-yellowish in the stem. The smell of the mushroom is pleasant, the taste is sour.

The velvety chanterelle grows in the countries of southern and of Eastern Europe, in deciduous forests on acidic soils. The collection season is from July to October.

• Faceted chanterelle (lat. Cantharellus lateritius)

Edible orange mushroom yellow color. The fruiting body measures from 2 to 10 cm. The cap and stem are combined. The shape of the cap is carved with a wavy edge. The mushroom pulp is thick and dense, has a pleasant taste and aroma. The diameter of the stalk is 1-2.5 cm. The hymenophore is smooth or with small folds. The spore powder is yellow-orange in color, just like the mushroom itself.

The faceted chanterelle grows in oak groves in North America, Africa, the Himalayas, and Malaysia, singly or in groups. Chanterelle mushrooms can be collected in summer and autumn.

• Chanterelle yellowing (lat. Cantharellus lutescens)

Edible mushroom. The diameter of the cap is from 1 to 6 cm, the length of the stem is 2-5 cm, the thickness of the stem is up to 1.5 cm. The cap and stem are a single whole, as in other types of chanterelles. Top part the caps are yellow-brown in color, with brown scales. Leg yellow orange color. The flesh of the mushroom is beige or light orange and has no taste or smell. The spore-bearing surface is most often smooth, less often with folds, and has a beige or yellow-brown tint. Spore powder is beige-orange.

The yellowing chanterelle grows in coniferous forests, on moist soils, and bears fruit until the end of summer.

• Tubular chanterelle (funnel-shaped chanterelle, tubular cantarella, tubular chanterelle) (lat. Cantharellus tubaeformis)

An edible mushroom with a cap diameter of 2-6 cm, a stem height of 3-8 cm, and a stem diameter of 0.3-0.8 cm. The chanterelle's cap has the shape of a funnel with uneven edges. The color of the cap is grayish-yellow. It has dark velvety scales. The tube feet are yellow or dull yellow in color. The pulp is dense and white, with a faint bitter taste and a pleasant earthy smell. The hymenophore is yellowish or bluish-gray in color and consists of sparse brittle veins. Beige spore powder.

Trumpet chanterelles grow primarily in coniferous forests, but are sometimes found in deciduous forests in Europe and North America.

• Chanterelle Cantharellus minor

An edible mushroom, similar to the common chanterelle, but smaller in size. The diameter of the cap is 0.5-3 cm, the length of the stem is 1.5-6 cm, the thickness of the stem is 0.3-1 cm. The cap of a young mushroom is flat or convex; in a mature mushroom it becomes vase-like. The color of the cap is yellow or orange-yellow. The edge of the cap is wavy. The pulp is yellow, brittle, soft, with a barely noticeable aroma. The hymenophore is the color of the cap. The color of the stem is lighter than that of the cap. The leg is hollow, tapering towards the base. The spore powder is white or yellowish in color.

These mushrooms grow in deciduous forests (most often oak) in eastern North America.

• Chanterelle Cantharellus subalbidus

An edible mushroom that is whitish or beige in color. Turns orange when touched. A wet mushroom takes on a light brown tint. The diameter of the cap is 5-14 cm, the height of the stem is 2-4 cm, the thickness of the stem is 1-3 cm. The cap of a young mushroom is flat with a wavy edge, and as the mushroom grows it becomes funnel-shaped. There are velvet scales on the skin of the cap. The pulp of the mushroom has no aroma or taste. The hymenophore has narrow folds. The leg is fleshy, white, uneven or smooth. Spore powder is white.

Cantharellus subalbidus grows in the northwestern part of North America, found in coniferous forests.

False chanterelles: description and photo. How are they different from edible ones?

There are 2 types of mushrooms with which the common chanterelle can be confused:

1. Orange talker (inedible mushroom)
2. Omphalote olive (poisonous mushroom)

The main differences between edible chanterelle and false chanterelle:

1. The color of the common edible chanterelle is uniform: light yellow or light orange. False chanterelles usually have brighter or lighter colors: copper-red, bright orange, yellowish-white, ocher-beige, red-brown. The center of the false chanterelle's cap may differ in color from the edges of the cap. Spots of various shapes may be observed on the cap of the false chanterelle.
2. The edges of a real chanterelle's hat are always torn. The false mushroom often has smooth edges.
3. The leg of a real chanterelle is thick, while the leg of a false chanterelle is thin. In addition, the edible chanterelle's cap and leg form a single whole. And in the false chanterelle, the leg is separated from the cap.
4. Edible chanterelles always grow in groups. False chanterelles can also grow alone.
5. Smell edible mushroom palatable as opposed to inedible.
6. When pressed, the flesh of the edible chanterelle turns red; the color of the false chanterelle does not change.
7. Real chanterelles are not wormy, which cannot be said about their poisonous counterparts.

False fox or orange talker

Calorie content of chanterelles

The calorie content of chanterelles per 100 g is 19 kcal.

How and for how long can fresh chanterelles be stored?

Mushrooms should be stored at a temperature of no more than +10°C. Freshly collected chanterelles cannot be kept for more than a day, even in the refrigerator. It is best to start processing them immediately.

How to clean chanterelles?

Mushrooms need to be cleared of debris and damaged mushrooms must be separated from whole ones. Forest debris is removed with a hard brush or soft cloth (sponge). Dirt does not stick to the surface of the chanterelles so much that it needs to be cleaned off with a knife. Use a knife to cut off the rotten, softened and damaged parts of the mushroom. Remove debris from the plates with a brush. This is especially important for subsequent drying.

After cleaning, the chanterelles should be rinsed thoroughly, paying special attention to the cap plates. They are usually washed in several waters. If you suspect a bitter taste, soak the mushrooms for 30-60 minutes.

An experienced mushroom picker should not have difficulty distinguishing a real chanterelle from a fake one. The experienced eye of such a mushroom hunter immediately determines whether the mushroom in front of him is good or whether it is worth going further.

For beginning mushroom pickers, the following information will be useful: firstly, look at appearance chanterelles. They should be:

• yellowish, but in no case bright orange;
• The edges of the cap of a real mushroom are uneven and tortuous, while the false chanterelle has a rounded cap;
• the legs of real mushrooms are fleshy, tapering towards the bottom; the mushroom, which is trying to pass itself off as an edible chanterelle, has a thin leg and the same width throughout its entire length;
• real chanterelles grow in flocks, false ones love solitude.



In fact, it is not difficult to distinguish a false chanterelle mushroom from a real one; this can be done visually; if you look at the picture below, the visual differences are visible to the naked eye.



but, there are cases when false chanterelles are very similar to ordinary ones, they have the same wavy edges and shape, in this case you need to focus primarily on the color, the false chanterelle has a darker color and its cap is thicker.

It is not at all difficult to distinguish a false fox from a real one.

Chanterelle is one of my favorite mushrooms. I am always happy when I come across a clearing of red foxes. They grow in bunches. And even if you are very lucky, you can run into a whole plantation of these delicious mushrooms in the forest.

But the mushroom picker should know that there are also false chanterelles, which, in my opinion, can be easily distinguished from real chanterelles. False chanterelles are bright orange, I would say poisonous orange. False chanterelles have a very thin leg, and the funnel-shaped cap itself is thin. This false mushroom has bad smell, which should alert an inexperienced mushroom picker.



I myself have come across false chanterelles many times in the forests, but since I know what real chanterelles look like, I didn’t pick up any false ones. When picking mushrooms, remember that false chanterelles are more orange (the usual ones are yellow), the caps of the false ones themselves are thicker, and they grow one at a time. Normal foxes are always in the company of their own kind.

A false chanterelle can be easily distinguished from a real one. A real fox has a pleasant yellow color. The false chanterelle has a bright orange color, which raises doubts and is immediately alarming. That's the whole trick. It is enough to see a false fox and a real one once and you will no longer have to confuse them.

Identify real chanterelles(as they are also called common chanterelles) from false ones is not particularly difficult and even a novice and inexperienced mushroom picker can do it.

False chanterelles are the orange talker mushroom, but it only from a distance resembles real chanterelles and is a mushroom with a funnel-shaped cap and the flesh of which has a rather unpleasant odor.

Actually, once comparing these two types of mushroom, in the future there will be no problems in determining the authenticity of chanterelles:

• The color of false chanterelles is bright orange, even turning into copper-red. In real chanterelles the color is not so bright, but just a smooth yellow.
• False chanterelles have a cone-shaped cap with smooth edges. In real chanterelles, this is possible only in those that have not yet grown enough, and medium-sized and large-sized chanterelles have curved, wavy edges. Yes, the shape of the cap itself is almost never cone-shaped.
• The legs of real chanterelles are quite thick and hollow. The spores are always yellow (even in those cases when the caps are up and fade a little in the sun to a faded yellow. The false chanterelle has a thin leg, and the spores are white.
• I already mentioned the smell of mushrooms at the beginning, so it’s worth smelling the mushrooms. Real chanterelles smell of the forest and have a fruity or woody smell, which cannot be said about false chanterelles - their smell will be unpleasant.
• Real chanterelles, as a rule, grow up in whole families, while false ones prefer solitude.
• The color of the flesh of real chanterelles is yellowish, white in the middle. In false ones, the color of the flesh is uniformly orange or yellow.
• With the hats of real foxes that have reached enough good sizes you should handle them more carefully as they are fragile; false chanterelles do not have this.
• When you press on the flesh of a real chanterelle, you can often notice a slight redness; false chanterelles will not have this, their flesh color will be undisturbed).
• Real chanterelles are almost never wormy, this is facilitated by the substance chitinmannose they contain, which insects really dislike. This is not the case with false foxes and they can just be wormy.

Certainly You don’t need to remember all the listed differences; one or two positions are enough. I actually determine exclusively visually. It’s just that neither the color of real chanterelles nor the shape of the hat can be confused with their false counterparts).

(Cantharellus friesii)

Scientists have crossed out the false chanterelle from the list poisonous mushrooms. The mushroom was given another name - cocoshka.

Even though it is very similar to, with which it is often confused, chanterelles are not related, they are similar only in appearance.

In many directories of modern publications, in particular foreign ones, the false chanterelle may be classified as edible, but it is of lower quality in relation to the common chanterelle.

False chanterelle does not have a special taste. If the mushroom is prepared correctly, poisoning can almost be avoided. But if a person’s digestive system is weakened, then he may feel unwell.

False chanterelles are easily distinguishable from real ones. They have brighter colored caps. The color of the cap ranges from orange to orange-brown with a copper tint. In addition, the hat of adult mushrooms resembles a funnel in shape, while that of a young mushroom is slightly convex. As a rule, the edges of the cap are smooth and even, their size does not exceed 3-6 cm in diameter.

The caps at the edges are a little lighter in color than in the center. Its surface is slightly velvety.

You should also pay attention to the stem of the mushroom. In false chanterelles it is much thinner. The leg does not taper downward, but it has a cylindrical shape. The color of the stem is orange-reddish; when you cut an adult mushroom, you will notice that it is hollow. At the bottom, the leg becomes darker in color.

The mushroom pulp does not have a very pleasant aroma. The back of the cap has a bitter aftertaste. The flesh of the false chanterelle is yellow or orange. When pressed with a finger, the color does not change.

Nutritional qualities of false chanterelles

These mushrooms are edible. But before using, they should be soaked for three days, replacing the water every morning and every evening. Then they should be boiled for 15 minutes in boiling water. After this, they can be marinated or fried.

Usually, experienced mushroom pickers They don’t even pay attention to false chanterelles, since you can always find healthier, tastier mushrooms in the forest.

It should be remembered that in some people who are very sensitive, eating false chanterelle can cause digestive problems.

If the false chanterelle is not processed correctly, then when it enters the stomach, the following symptoms appear: nausea, dizziness, weakness, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, cramps.

It should be remembered that if signs of the slightest malaise appear, you must immediately call ambulance, since the preservation of health and life depends on it!

False fox photo

False Chanterelle (Cantharellus friesii)
False Chanterelle (Cantharellus friesii)