Today we present to your attention our research on the topic “What is the most a big tree in the world".
But what does “big” mean? High? Tolstoy? Old? After all, all these indicators are important, but there is no tree that would combine them all.
We will tell you about all the record holders among trees. Decide for yourself which of them is considered the largest.
10 Princely apple tree
A unique tree grows in Ukraine, in the city of Korolevets. This apple tree, which is about two centuries old, has an ability, unprecedented in trees of this species, to root branches that have descended to the ground.
After rooting, the branch shoots upward, and a new tree appears, which is actually the same organism. That's why unique tree called a colony apple tree.
The same organism has many root systems and trunks (and the mother trunk has already died) and occupies an area of about one hundred square meters. “Trees” (and, in fact, shoots) are covered with leaves and bloom every year, but only half of the apple tree bears fruit, while the other “rests,” and the next year they change.
The fruits are bittersweet. At the foot of the apple tree there is a gravestone of one of the Meshchersky princes, which is why the apple tree got its name.
One well-grown banyan tree is a whole forest, because the horizontal branches of the tree give off so-called aerial roots. As soon as they manage to touch the ground, they take root and begin to grow deeper, creating a real root system, and upward, growing a trunk, the branches of which are woven into the crown of the “twins” - other similar “children”.
From the point of view of scientists, since all the “babies” have the same DNA, they are one plant.
In India, near Calcutta, the Great Banyan grows, the crown of which covers an area of 1.4 hectares, and its age is 250 years.
The ficus tree has 3,000 trunks, but the main one died during the tsunami. However, often the largest tree in the world (by crown) is considered to be the Great Banyan tree, growing near the city of Bangalore: it is 400 years old, and the crown area is 1.2 hectares.
Both banyan trees belong to the species Ficus bengalensis; A banyan tree is a ficus that can produce aerial roots.
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8 Prometheus is one of the oldest trees in the world
In the middle of the last century, scientist D. Curry discovered a very old tree in the USA near Wheeler Peak, which later received the name Prometheus in honor of the hero ancient greek mythology. He suggested that the age of this tree is about 4 thousand years.
Technical capabilities at that time did not allow botanists to find out the age of a tree without cutting it down. Apparently, D. Curry was very unbearable, and he cut down amazing plant(it was a pine tree, by the way), and its trunk was cut into pieces and sent to various scientists so that they could determine the age of Prometheus more accurately.
According to scientists, the tree was more than 5 thousand years old. One can only wonder whether it was really necessary to destroy such a rarity.
7 Methuselah
Apparently, this is one of the oldest trees currently growing on the planet, and for a long time it was considered the oldest.
The oldest tree is almost 3 thousand years old, and the exact place where it grows is unknown. We can only say with certainty that a huge tree - the Methuselah pine - is located on the territory National Nature Reserve in California.
More accurate information is hiding in order to protect the pine tree from vandalism; there is not even a photo of the centenarian. One inevitably wonders: does a tree exist?
6 Old Tjikko
The world's oldest Christmas tree grows on the slope of Mount Fulu in Sweden. According to scientists, its age has far exceeded 9 thousand years!
It’s impossible to believe, but botanists believe that the tree could survive numerous natural disasters, which happened over 9 and a half millennia on our planet, if for a while it seemed to fall into lethargy.
Spruce had been studied before, but then it was not recognized as the oldest tree in the world, because the trunk was analyzed, but it was not the mother trunk, but one of the offspring. Now scientists have found out this quite accurately, having determined the age of the horse system, but it is precisely 9550 years!
The unique tree is still growing little by little, although just half a century ago the spruce “fell asleep” due to unfavorable condition environment.
5 One of the thickest trees in the world is the baobab
Baobabs are record holders for thickness. At the same time, they have very loose wood, adapted to accumulate large volumes of water and use it during drought. At such times, the baobab loses almost half of its volume.
It is convenient to make hollows and even entire rooms in soft wood. Thus, you can find completely unusual ways of using baobabs with a hollow middle (such damage often occurs in trees of this species and does not lead to the death of the plant): equipped as a bus station waiting room, a public restroom, a bar, and even a prison!
The diameter of the thickest known baobab was 9 meters, but even now it is not difficult to find individuals with extremely large trunks, which would require 30 people to stand in a round dance to cover!
A plant supposedly about 4 thousand years old, growing in Sicily, near Mount Etna, is not a tree, but five fused trees, which was confirmed by DNA analysis.
But it's still amazing biological organism, because the diameter of the resulting trunk is more than 20 meters, and a hundred horsemen can hide under its crown (an area of 64 sq.m.) (which explains its name).
Speaking about the most big trees on the planet, one cannot fail to mention the Thule tree, which is quite old (according to some scientists, it is 2 thousand years old, others believe that it is three, and some even think that it is 6 thousand years old!), quite high (forty meters), and The diameter of its trunk is about 14 meters!
It seems incredible that this is one tree, you might think that in front of us are several fused together, like the Hundred Horsemen of a chestnut tree, but DNA analysis confirmed: it is all one organism. This tree belongs to the cypress genus, and its biological species- Taxodium mexicanis.
It is located in Mexico, in a city called Santa Maria del Tule. About unique plant There are many legends, the Indians willingly tell them. The tree is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site; Holidays are held in his honor every year.
2 Hyperion - the tallest sequoia in the world
The tallest tree in the world is considered to be Hyperion, a sequoia that was spotted ten years ago in a national park in the USA. The height of this tree is 115 and a half m.
Now growth has stopped due to the fact that its top is damaged by woodpeckers. For this reason, scientists believe that Hyperion will soon yield the palm to its closest competitor, Helios. This is also a sequoia in the same park, but it is still a little more than a meter lower than Hyperion. However, Helios is growing, but the current record holder is not.
At the same time, the tallest tree is neither the oldest (its age hardly exceeds 900 years), nor the thickest and heaviest, so it still cannot be considered the largest tree on the planet.
1 General Sherman
Introducing the General Sherman, a tree that is now considered the largest on Earth. Its height, however, is somewhat lower than that of Hyperion (and Helios too), - 83.8 m, and its diameter is less than that of Thule - 11 and a bit meters, but in terms of volume and mass, General Sherman exceeds all other trees, so from this point of view he is a record holder.
The tree grows in the US Sequoia National Park and belongs to the sequoiadendron species.
You can see a photo of the largest tree, but the tree itself cannot.
Scientists fear large influx tourists to the stunning sequoiadendron, which, in principle, could lead to damage to the tree as a result of vandalism or disruption of the ecosystem in which General Sherman is accustomed to being.
To date, the most tall tree in the world - sequoia Hyperion.
The height of this tree is 115.6 m. The trunk diameter is 4.84 m. It grows in the USA, California. Approximate age 700 – 800 years. This tree was discovered in 2006 by Chris Atkins and Michael Taylor. You will not find real photographs of this tree, since its location is kept secret.
IN modern world only two types of trees are considered the tallest. These are eucalyptus trees, which grow on mainland Australia, and North American redwood trees.
Tallest tree in the world video:
The tallest tree among eucalyptus trees.
Eucalyptus is the tallest evergreen flowering plant on the planet, belonging to the myrtle family, genus - eucalyptus. They grow mainly in Australia and Tasmania. Australian eucalyptus trees are the tallest trees in the world. Their height can reach 100-150 m.
There was a time when the tallest tree belonged to the eucalyptus genus. There is a known specimen that grew to 189 m. Today, the tallest eucalyptus is “Centurion”, growing on the island of Tasmania and having a height of 101 m and a trunk diameter of 4 m. It was discovered in 2008.
"Centurion"
"El Grande"
A huge eucalyptus called "El Grande" was discovered in 2002 on the island of Tasmania. Unfortunately, in 2003 he died due to a fire.
The tallest tree in the world is the sequoia.
Sequoia is one of the tallest trees on Earth. This is a monotypic genus containing only one species woody plants, belongs to the cypress family. The distribution area of this plant is the Pacific coast of North America.
Until 2000, the tallest tree was considered to be the sequoia. belonging to the species—Sequoia sempervirens.
This Mendocino tree is 112.2 m high and 4.19 m in diameter. It is located in the USA, California.
The oldest clone tree on the planet is Tikko.
Old Tikko is a spruce tree that is 9550 years old. More precisely, this is the age of its root system. This tree is located on Mount Fulufjellet in Sweden. It is the oldest free-standing living tree - clone - in the world. It was discovered by Leif Kullman - professor physical geography, who gave the nickname to this tree in honor of his dog. Visible part The tree is young, but it is part of the old root system. Over thousands of years, a tree can clone itself many times. The old trunk dies and a new one grows.
The oldest tree
Of the single trees, the oldest is Methuselah.
This bristlecone pine was discovered by botanist Edmund Shulman in 1953. The approximate age of the tree is 4846 years. It was planted in 2831 BC. Today, this tree is considered alive and grows in the Inyo National Forest in California (USA) at an altitude of 3000 meters above sea level.
The thickest tree is Tule.
This tree grows in Mexico, in the city of Santa Maria del Tule. The height of the tree is 40 m, trunk diameter is 14 m, circumference is 40, weight is 636 tons. If 30 people join hands, they can embrace this tree. On the trunk of this tree you can see figures of animals: a lion, a crocodile, an elephant. This tree may have inspired the Tree of Life at Animal Kingdom in Florida.
Mysterious "tree of life".
In Florida, at Animal Kingdom Park, there is this tree of life. The height of this tree is 44 meters. 12 craftsmen worked to create a tree with many animals depicted on it. The tree itself is artificial. There is a cinema inside it.
The loneliest tree is Tenere.
In the Tenere desert, which is part of the Sahara, located in the northeast of Niger, until 1973, a single acacia tree grew, which was 300 years old. Not a single plant grew within 200 km of it. For caravanners, the crown of a tree served as a landmark in the desert. To extract water from the ground, the roots of the tree grew 36 meters down. Due to the fault of a drunk driver, this tree was broken. In its place now stands a metal monument resembling a tree.
The tree of Life"
In the kingdom of Bahrain - small Arab state, in the desert near the city of Jebel Dukhan the same thing grows lonely tree, as Tenere once was, but a living 400-year-old tree - Shajarat-al-Hayat. The tree belongs to the species Prosopis cineraria, whose roots go 50 meters underground.
The oldest oak - chapel
Thanks to the botanist Henri Gadot de Querville, this oak has been considered a historical monument of France since 1932. There is a possibility that that tree is more than 800 years old. Its height is 15 meters, its circumference is 16m. Inside the oak tree there are two chapels, accessed by a spiral staircase. Every year up to 40 thousand people visit this chapel.
Trees. Fight for life.
Socotra Island, Yemen.
Canada. Port Renfrew. Small tree on a log.
City of Kalaloh. Washington.
Crimea. On the way to the Foros Church.
The tallest tree in Russia is fir - conifer tree, belonging to the pine family.
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The flora of our planet never ceases to amaze with its diversity. A special place is given to trees. They have grown on Earth since ancient times. Diversity in appearance, shape, habitat, size - all this forces a person to study them with special care. Sometimes you can meet real record holders, for example, the tallest tree in the world. This will be discussed in this article.
Growth champion - general information
Sequoia is the name of the tallest tree in the world. This is a coniferous tree found mostly only in the state of California (USA).
It got its name in honor of the Indian chief who invented the Cherokee syllabary and became the founder of a newspaper in this language.
The local population, who are already accustomed to these giants, simply call this plant “mahogany.”
Most of these giants are found in the Muir Forest, Redwood and national park"Sequoia".
Among the giants you can find both “aged” and fairly young specimens.
Currently, the title of "Tallest Tree in the World" belongs to a sequoia called "Hyperion". It is over 115 m tall, 11 m in diameter and about 800 years old.
What is the tallest tree in the world? A little history
In ancient times, when air humidity was higher, sequoia was also found in today's territories of Japan, France, Spitsbergen and the New Siberian Islands. The Ice Age also had a significant impact on settlement.
Until 1848, this tree was not exploited in the forest. This is due to the large size of the plant, since it was difficult to fell it with an ax and even (later) a saw.
Extermination begins unique forest The “gold rush” is considered to have come to these territories in the same 1848. The US authorities took protection of this tree only after about half of these giants had been cut down. Then the sequoia was declared a national property.
Appearance
The crown of the plant has a conical shape. Sequoia branches grow mostly horizontally, less often with a slight downward slope.
The bark of this giant is quite thick and can reach 30 cm in width. It is fibrous and soft to the touch; when you touch it, it seems as if your hand is plunging into it; the sensations are very unusual. When the bark is removed, it is red-brown, but after a while it darkens.
The tallest tree in the world changes its appearance with age. In “youth” (up to 100 years) it resembles a dark green pyramid. The branches densely cover the trunk from the ground to the top. Over time, its lower part becomes exposed and becomes thicker.
The leaves are small, reaching 15-25 cm in length. In young sequoia they grow elongated and flat, in long-lived ones they grow with arrows in the lower crown, and scaly in the upper crown.
The cones of these giants are small, no more chicken egg, approximately 1.5-3.5 cm. Pollination occurs at the end of winter, and after 8-9 months up to 7 seeds ripen. They fall to the ground when the cone dries and opens.
It is expected that by 2017 the record holder will change again, and it will become the Helion sequoia, which now reaches 114 meters. This is due to the fact that the tree grows very quickly, which cannot be said about “Hyperion” with its top damaged by woodpeckers.
Age
Sequoia is not only the tallest tree in the world. It also breaks world records for the fauna of our planet in terms of age. The plant is also called a "living fossil" or mammoth tree. On average, a sequoia lives from two to four thousand years.
The real record holder among representatives of this species is a tree with an age of 4484 years. It was established using the growth rings of a cut sequoia tree in 1965.
In the pre-glacial period, the number of these plants was greater, perhaps dinosaurs also rested under them. Archaeologists have proven that the tree grew in the Jurassic period.
The secret of the longevity of these giants is in their root system. It is superficial and widely branched. Thanks to this, when searching for water and other nutrients, it covers a larger area.
The special sequoia bark plays a significant role; it is very thick and contains chemical elements, repelling various insects and other pests.
Sequoia National Park
It is located in the state of California and has an area of 1683 sq. km. It got its name thanks to its majestic inhabitants. It was formed in 1890 with the aim of protecting these trees. It has mountainous terrain.
The largest plants are under special protection, surrounded by a fence and even have their own name.
The most popular is the General Sherman tree. You can see him in the Forest of Giants. It is about 2 thousand years old, the plant reaches a height of 81 meters, and its circumference at the base is 32 meters.
The General Sherman Sequoia continues to grow today, each year the diameter of the trunk increases by an average of 1.5 cm. Its wood would be enough to build a six-room house.
Thanks to such amazing characteristics the tree received the title of “largest”.
The tallest tree in the world, the Hyperion sequoia, is located in another Redwood National Park. However, five out of ten record holders among plants for growth grow here.
The national park is also famous for other attractions. Here you can drive a car through a small tunnel cut through the middle of a sequoia tree that fell onto the road and blocked further movement.
The park is also famous for its caves, of which there are more than 250.
Living conditions
Sequoia needs high humidity, that's why it grows near the coast Pacific Ocean. The tree can be found at an altitude of 30-750 m above sea level. It grows both on the shore and in the mountain gorge. It loves fogs, from which it receives up to 30% of all the necessary humidity, which allows the tree to grow taller and larger.
Despite their scarcity (only 500 specimens remain in the world), the tallest trees in the world are very viable. Around the huge stumps left over from the cut down giants, you can always see young shoots, and they also begin to grow instead of a broken branch or top. Usually the “new generation” grows very quickly.
It has been proven that the tallest trees in the world - sequoias - have the ability to purify the air from carbon dioxide better than other plants. Forest owners who have not cut down a significant part of them for a hundred years receive special compensation for lost profits. It's called a carbon credit.
Fires are not destructive to this tree; its bark does not burn. On the contrary, they have great importance for his survival. Fire prepares forest floor for germination and thins the forest from other plants, providing access sun rays to young shoots. The heat also causes the buds to open, causing the seeds to fall to the ground.
Sequoia will grow well in other conditions (someone even tries to plant it at home), but the process will be long, and it will not reach its majestic size, as in natural environment a habitat.
The tallest and largest trees in the world
These titles are transferred from one to another creation of nature from time to time.
Sequoia - absolute record holder among all the trees. However, you should not ignore other plants.
A giant eucalyptus from the dense forests of Tasmania is the tallest deciduous tree in the world. It reaches 101 meters. Experts have established that its age is 400 years old, the plant was named “Centurion”. It is included in the Guinness Book of Records because it is the tallest flowering tree in the world.
One should not ignore another giant - a record holder, but this time in terms of trunk thickness. This is a baobab, or Adansonia palmata. It grows only 30 m in height, but its diameter can reach 9 m. This plant does not have growth rings, which will make it difficult to determine its age. However, thanks to special analyzes it has been proven that a tree with a trunk diameter of 4.5 meters is approximately 5000 years old.
Only the European chestnut can compete with the baobab. A tree with a trunk diameter of 20 m has been known since 1845.
Tallest tree in Russia
Our country also has its own giants. These are Siberian firs. They grow up to 60-100 meters. The straight trunk of the tree is densely covered with branches, making it seem as if the crown starts from the ground itself.
IN Krasnodar region the Nordmann fir is known, which favorable conditions reaches 80 m in height. Even the common spruce, which grows throughout Russia, can stretch up to 60 meters.
There is another tall tree - it is 18 meters Siberian cedar, its trunk girth is 3 m, age is 250 years. This evergreen coniferous tree is considered one of the most beautiful in this region. Siberian cedar can reach a maximum height of 40 meters, since it grows up to 500 years.
This is a world of incredible contrasts. In this world there are almost invisible dwarfs and real giants, it’s incredible dangerous plants and vice versa, incredibly useful. The most contrasting representatives of the flora will be discussed below.
The largest tree in the world
It is also the largest and heaviest living organism on Earth. This title belongs to sequoiadendron by name "General Sherman", which has been growing for 2500 years in the United States. The dimensions of this one are simply impressive: height 84 meters, diameter 11 meters, base circumference 31.3 meters. Even more serious indicators are in weight - 1910 tons and volume - 1490 cubic meters.
Tallest tree
This nomination must be divided into 2 categories: - currently growing trees, - record holders of all time. Of the trees currently growing, the tallest is sequoiadendron(aka mammoth tree and giant sequoia), to whom the Americans also gave the nickname - "Hipperion". On this moment its height is 116.2 meters.
The absolute record holder is regal eucalyptus, which was felled in 1872 in Australia, the length of this eucalyptus exceeded 150 meters.
They also grow very tall, among them you can find many plants whose length reaches more than 100 meters.
Longest tree
Palm rattan, which looks more like a vine, grows up to 300 meters. Interestingly, the diameter of the trunk at the very roots is only a few centimeters. In terms of its growth form, the rattan palm is also more like a liana; it twists around other trees and clings to them with the help of thorns located on the leaves.
The largest crown
Many types of ficus have interesting feature form aerial roots (layers) and thereby grow horizontally. This form of ficus life is called banyan. The largest banyan tree today is "The Great Banyan" from the Indian Botanical Garden, its area is 1.5 hectares.
The oldest tree
Bristlecone pine intermountain - apparently is the longest-living tree on Earth. Pine tree by name "Methuselah", which grows in the high mountain region in North America in 19 years it will be 4863 years old, and if this happens, it will break the record of another pine of the same species, “Prometheus”. Today the age of "Methuselah" is 4844 years!
The thickest tree (the thickest trunk)
Taxodium mexicanis(cypress) growing in the city of Santa Maria del Tule has a diameter of 11.62 meters and a girth of almost 36.5 meters.
Baobabs and European chestnuts also achieve impressive results in this category.
Fastest growing plant
This record belongs to plants from the bamboo family. Almost all types of bamboo grow at a speed of up to 20-30 cm per day, but the fastest growth rates are observed in edible psyllid. This plant grows 40 cm per day.
Tallest grass
Fun fact, the tallest grass in the world is banana(banana palm). This is not a joke, bananas are real herbaceous plants. The record belongs to the variety Musa itinerans- 12 meters in height.
Largest aquatic plant
Kelp macrocystis can grow up to 300 meters in length, however the average size ranges from 70 to 200 meters.
The largest water lily
Water lily victoria regal(Victoria Regia) is the largest in the world, its diameter is more than 2 meters. It grows in the Amazon River basin.
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