Sin.: Topol trembling, Grank, Judino, Osinovoy, Sky, Osinka, Osine, Shake, whisperwood.
Aspen - a deciduous fast-growing tree with soft wood, refers to the genus of the poplars. Aspen is not used by official Russian medicine, but in Medicine of Western Europe, drugs from the plant are produced for the treatment of diseases of the genitourinary system. The second name is a trembling poplar - comes from the feature of the tree leaves to tremble on the slightest wind.
Ask a question to experts
Formula flower
Osine Flower Formula Osin: * O0T2-∞P0, * O0T0P (2).
In medicine
Ospen ordinary is not included in the State Pharmacope of the Russian Federation, however, in folk medicine, it is applied with great success.
In therapeutic purposes, aspen uses bark, kidneys, leaves and juice. Osin preparations are used in official medicine of Western Europe from urinary bubble diseases and prostate.
The aspen has antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anti-inflammatory and antichelmint properties, this makes it a promising drug in the complex treatment of such severe diseases, such as tuberculosis, smallpox, malaria, syphilis, dysentery, inflammation of lungs, cough of various origin, rheumatism and inflammation of the bladder mucous membrane.
Some synthetic preparations (aspirin, sodium salicylate, aceal, as well as the first antibiotics) in their composition derivatives of the aspen and plant related plants.
Contraindications and side effects
Barrays and aspen kidney chains have brightly pronounced binder properties, so they are better not to apply in chronic diseases of the tract, accompanied by constipation. Also, the aspen should be taken with caution during the diagnosis of "dysbacteriosis".
In cooking
Aspen is used in cooking quite indirectly - for processing food by smoking and cooking marinades, where "liquid smoke" is used. This liquid is obtained by burning aspen branches.
In other areas
Osin is used as a lake tree in landscape design.
The aspensar bark is one of the components of the skin tossing process. Also from the kora of aspen get yellow and green paints.
Osin flowers are an early and good honey, and special gluten is released from the kidneys of Osin, which is processed by bees in propolis.
Osin Tree is currently used in the construction of houses, more often in roofs (and before the aspens used to cover the domes of churches). Aspen is also raw materials for the manufacture of plywood, cellulose, matches, containers, etc.
Young row of aspen feeds forest animals in winter.
Classification
Osin, or Ospen ordinary, or poplar trembling (lat. Populus Tremula) - The type of deciduous trees from the family of the Family Family.
Botanical description
Aspen has a column-shaped barrel, which can reach 35 m of height and 1 m in diameter.
Wood lives on average from 80-90, sometimes up to 150 years. The aspen tree grows rather quickly, but wood wood is soft, therefore is subject to disease. As a result, large and at the same time healthy trees meet almost impossible.
The root tree is deep, the root siblings grow pretty much.
Young aspen have a smooth, light green or greenish-gray bark, cracking and darkening to a merchant over time. Ospens wood color - white, with greenish tint.
The tree leaves are rounded, sometimes rhombic, are located next. The length of the oxis leaves from 3 to 7 cm, sharp or stupid on top, with rounded base, edges are gallant, with cigarette housing. Escapes came down the leaves can be up to 15 cm long and have an almost heart-shaped form. Ospens leaf stuffed with sides in the top, long, because of this, there is a strong trembling of the leaves when air moves. In the fall, the leaves change their color - from green to golden yellow and brown-red.
Aspen - a separate plant. Flowers are small, unbroken, grow in hanging servants. Men's reddish seelings, up to 15 cm long, female greenish tint seelings, thinner than men. Aspen blooms before the leaves bloom, that is, in late April-early May. The ripening of seed occurs after 35 days, then they are scattered by the wind. For germination on wet soil, 1-2 days is enough. Flowering aspen begins after 10-12 years, then flowering and fruiting occurs annually. Flower formula Osin is ordinary - * O0T2-∞P0, * O0T0P (2). Osina's fruit is a very small box, seeds inside which is equipped with a bunch of hairs.
Spread
The aspen is quite widespread in moderate and cold climatic zones of Europe, almost throughout Russia, in Kazakhstan, China, Mongolia, on the Korea peninsula.
It grows on the border of the forest and the tundra, it is found in the forest and forest-steppe zones, along the shores of the reservoirs, in the forests.
The tree is not contemptuous, growing well on various soils, both osienniks and as part of mixed forests. In the steppes from the trees form aspen slices, which breed the shoots of the root system, while new stems in the colony appear further 30-40 m from the parent tree. Some aspen colonies of this kind can reach several hectares, increasing the meter per year. The location of the root system of such colonies allows forest fires to worry.
Aspen refers to very frost-resistant trees and grows almost to the forested. Due to the rapid increase, by 50 years can give up to 400 cubic meters of wood with 1 hectare. Lives up to 150 years.
Regions of distribution on the map of Russia.
Preparation of raw materials
Osin blooms before the leaves appear, so the collection of leaves is carried out in early May, or in June. The leaves are dried in the shade, you can also dry the raw materials and in the dryer at a temperature of about 60 degrees. Aspen's kidneys need to be collected before they dissolve. The speed of drying after collecting is also important (faster than the kidney is dried in the oven or oven).
The Cora is going not only with young aspen trees, a thickness of 7-8 cm, but also from thin branches, approximately from April 20 and June 1 - during the beginning of the movement of the juice.
The bark is caught with a sharp knife around the trunk, at a distance of about 30 cm. After that, on each resulting tube make a vertical incision and remove the bark. It is better not to comprising a bark from the aspen so that wood does not understand the raw material - it reduces the medicinal properties of the crust.
The collected bark, cut into pieces of 3-4 cm long, is dried under a canopy or in the oven, or in the furnace (at a temperature not higher than 60 degrees). If the raw material is dried in the room, it needs to be well ventilated. It is impossible to dry the kour of aspen in the sun, so it loses its properties. The term of storage of harvested raw materials is not more than 3 years.
Chemical composition
Osin leaves contain glycosides, including salciline, carotene and ascorbic acid, protein, fat, fiber.
The crust also contains glycosides (salicin, salicotine, tremulacin, bitter glycosides, population), essential oil, pectin, salicylase, tanning substances. The aspen bark includes a lot of useful trace elements: copper, molybdenum, cobalt, zinc, iron, iodine, nickel.
Aspen's kidneys contain glycosides of salcin and population, benzoic and apple acid, tannins, essential oil, carbohydrates and other connections.
Osin wood includes cellulose, nectase, resin.
Pharmacological properties
The aspen bark contains biologically active substances that determine its pharmacological properties.
Phenol glycosides cause an anthelminth action (especially against opistortoors), tannilic substances and organic acids, essential oils and bitterness give choleretic, anti-inflammatory, bactericidal, antispasmodic properties.
The decoction of the cortex of Osin is favorably acting on the work of the liver, contributes to the removal of small stones from the gallbladder.
Osin extract contains a large amount of vitamin C, so the reception of the aspen preparations will help to fill its deficiency.
Antichelmintic effect of Osin give phenol glycosides, saligenin derivatives - salicin, population, tremuloid, tremulacin, salicutin.
At the same time, the toxicological composition of the crust extract was also studied. The study showed that it is low toxic and practically deprived of allergizing properties.
Moreover, the drug reduces the level of hypersensitivity of immediate type (GTT).
In the children's clinic of the same university, an experimental treatment was conducted, during which the aspen of the aspen bark extract was detected, the adverse reactions to the drug were not observed, the gilent and anti-inflammatory effects were expressed.
Application in folk medicine
Aspen's kidneys, dried and powder, mixed with fresh cream or sunflower oil. This headquarters of Lekari recommended as an anti-inflammatory and wound-healing agent for burns, chronic ulcers, for softening hemorrhoidal nodes. Water preparations of kidneering People's Lekari recommend drinking in diseases of the joints, cystitis, urinary incontinence in pregnant women and many giving birth to women, prostate adenoma. Tincture on the kidney aspen alcohol is used for gastritis, dysentery, hemorrhoids. Relieved kidneys are part of ointment that helps with injuries, trophic ulcers, hemorrhoids, diseases of the joints.
The decoction of the crust is considered in folk medicine with a good means of zingi, hernia, syphilis and fever. Ramars from the kora of aspen are used in gastritis, diarrhea, diabetes, pancreatitis, edema of various origin, lung tuberculosis. In Tibetan medicine, the decoction of the crust of the aspen is treated with prostate cancer.
In case of neuralgia, radiculitis, Ishias help the baths from the branch of the bark of young trees.
The aspen from the cortex is added to ointment from the eczema, and the infusion of ash ash is taken with adnexite. Osin is also recommended for hypertrophy of the prostate gland and urinary bubble disease.
The juice of the leaves is taken inward during rheumatism, and externally - as a grain from the bite of snakes, and the juice lubricates warts and deprived.
The young leaves of the aspen are used in the form of a hot fit for sore places when gouging, rheumatism and sediments of salts in the joints.
Historical reference
Previously, Osin was disliked because of the sinister belief. This tree did not plant near the houses, did not use in the crossbow and did not even use the shadow from the crown of this tree. In Ukraine, they did not build at home from Osina. However, the aspen helped in the fight against all the evil spirits, heragues were made from it. It was believed that the cleanest water will be in a wedge with an aspen logone.
A long time ago used the antibacterial effect of the aspen - the twigs of the tree were necessarily put in the barrels with a sauerkraut - so that it does not roam.
Taiga hunters use in winter the aspen bark in food. The substances contained in the aspen cortex remove fatigue and increase endurance with long and severe transitions.
Aspen tree is included in the Red Book of the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug (2008).
Literature
- Grozdova N. B., Nekrasov V. I., Globa-Mikhaylenko D. A. Trees, shrubs and Liana: Reference Manual. - M.: Lesn. Prom-St, 1986. - P. 287-288.
- Ivanova T. N., Putintseva L. F. Forest Storeroom. - Tula: Tits. kn. Publishing house, 1993. - P. 55-56.
- Skvortsov V. E. Training Atlas. Flora of Central Russia. - M.: Chero, 2004. - P. 95.
Aspen and poplar, two trees that perform completely different functions in nature. But both are invaluable in its own way. Aspen - for the health of people. Poplar - for ecology. Osin belongs to the "IVV" family. Usually this tree grows in the forest, but there are exceptions. This is due to the fact that it is sufficiently susceptible to wood diseases. The forest bowl is aspen with a reliable home, since dense planting of plants, form a kind of shield from the wind. After all, it is precisely the wind all the existing bacteria and microbes affecting vegetable fauna. Despite this, healthy representatives of this plant are long-livers, the age of some copies, reaches 130 years.
Aspen has a slender and high trunk, it looks very similar to the poplar, they belong to one family. To understand how to distinguish aspen from a poplar, it is enough to look at the base of its trunk, and if the roots are not visible to the outside, then this is definitely not a poplar. When the weather is windless, and the crown of the tree is pegs, there is no doubt - this is an aspen. In the forest it is precisely impossible to confuse aspen with a poplar, since it simply does not grow there. The poplar has a powerful trunk, a very strong root system, as mentioned above. Poplar roots are located almost at the surface of the soil. It is very fruit, around you can see a lot of young offspring. The roots of the aspen are deep underground.
Before getting rid of Osin, it will not be superfluous to remember that the aspen on an ancient giving will distinguishes the unclean forces from housing. And at all, it is not worth destroying trees without a special need. But if there is a poplar on the plot, this need may occur. Topol will muffle with their roots any growing near the plant. He is able to lift asphalt and destroy the foundations of residential buildings. This plant has only one dignity - due to the resamping surface of its leaves, it is an excellent air sanitary engine.
If you walk through the forest after a fire, you need to pay attention to how the aspen looks like. Thanks to the structure of the root system, it is one of the few survivors in fires. Due to the fact that the aspen feeds deep underground, the top layer of the soil around this tree is most fertile. That is why the mushroom "Boostinovik" chose the place under the aspen. In the people there is a saying "tremble as an aspen sheet", it is used in the speech turnover associated with the expression of the fright. Botany also says that thin cuttings do not cope with the weight of the leaf, so Osin crown is always in motion.
Aspen is an excellent natural antiseptic. Aspen as a medicine, applicable in many diseases, as its bark, wood, kidney, and even leaves have antibacterial substances. In the old days, when there were no dentists and other doctors, people with head and dental pains went to the forest "hug with aspen". They applied the sick side to the tree cortex, and waited for healing. If you have walls in a pair of aspen wood, the effect of the healing properties of the Russian bath increases at times. For the same effect, it is necessary to have a pool for water from Osin in the steam room. People with problem skin (psoriasis, dermatitis, eczema) is an aspen broom in a steam room - salvation from illness. So many useful properties carries this tree. And the mushrooms grow, and the evil spirits distinguishes, is a lake. It is worth protecting the right guard of mankind.
Aspen or poplar trembling - Populus Tremula L. - A tree from the Salicaceae family (Salicaceae) height of 15-20 m. In good conditions, the aspen reaches more significant sizes. For example, in the Bryansk region, a noticeable area is occupied by 50-year-old Osinniki with trees with a height of 25 m. And in the Tver region among the impassable sphagnous swamps, bugs (the remains of the Moraine) are tested, on which only large aspen are growing: height 35 m, trunks with a diameter of up to 80 cm, And the age of only about 75 years. The bark of the trunks is preferably gray, but there are aspen with greenish bark, and in Eastern Siberia and Mongolia - almost white, from afar, they can be taken for birch. The bark is smooth, only old trees with longitudinal cracks.
The leaves are regular, rounded-rhombic, or rounded, length and 3-7 cm long, naked, on top of the green, from the bottom are sly, along the edge with uneven large rounded teeth. Autumn leaves become yellow and purple. Our scientific name - "Topol trembling" aspen is obliged to leaves (they are with long cutters). Look carefully on aspen. Even when there seems to be no wind, her leaves are constantly trembling. Hence and sticking: "trembles like an aspen leaf." The mobility of the leaves is carried out at the expense of flexible cuffs, thinner in the middle than around the edges. On the threshing shoots, the leaves are usually larger and other shape -theld-egg-shaped with a pointed top.
Osin's flowers are small, separation, assembled in inflorescences-earrings with a length of 4 to 15 cm. All in the family of IV type - doublome plants, that is, only men's flowers are developing on other individuals - only female. And those and other flowers are arranged very simply, even primitive. They do not have at all the perianth. Men's flowers consist of 5-8 stamens with red anthers, and female - only from the pestle with the top urging and two purple stigmas. Flowers aspen to dissolve leaves, in April.
The fruits ripen a month after flowering, disclosed in the first hot days: in late May - early June. Fruits - 2-fold boxes with numerous small seeds equipped with fluffy pavements in the form of a bunch of hairs. 1 Osin Seeds LLC weigh only the tenths of gram. They scatter very far away, because because of the lightness, they hang in the air for a long time and is transferred to the wind at a considerable distance. So aspen wins new territories. Her fruiting is abundant and annual. Specialists calculated that at 1 hectares of Osinnik in the yields ripen to 500 million Osin seeds.
The seed begins to germinate a few hours after entering a wet soil - a seed shell burst, two tiny seedlies are exposed. After a day, the root appears. By autumn, the seedler has a stem size with a pencil and a rod root up to 30 cm long. Growing aspen is growing very quickly, especially in youth. In 20 years, trees have a 10-meter height, and by 40 years reach limit sizes in height. Aspen lives long - 80-90 years old, but individual trees live to 1,40-150 years.
In the first years of life, Ospens is expressed by a rod root. However, it will soon cease to grow, but the side roots are very vigorously. They are completely shallow, in the upper soil horizon, depart from the parent plant away to the sides and give a rich root piglery. Porn shoots grow very quickly - in the first year they reach half-meter height. It is the row of aspen to a large extent renewing and applies, although it has been expressed by seed reproduction. Many Osinniki are folded by trees of exclusively threshing origin.
Osin spread
Ospens Area - Moderate Belt of Eurasia and Mountain North Africa. A significant part of the range falls on our country. In Russia, the aspen is distributed almost everywhere. In the north she comes to the border of the forest with Tundra, in the south - to dry steppes. In the forest-steppe forms island groves, the so-called "aspen slices". At saline sections takes a corrupt shape. In the Alps rises to the mountains up to 2,000 m above sea level. Almost everywhere, the aspen forms, as a rule, clean forests, only with a small admixture of other breeds in the upper tier. She is very vigorous, so where other breed shadhes aspen, she dies. Ospen itself often acts as an admixture in birchings or on the clarified areas of other forests.
Osin forests most often arise on the site of a man with a man or destroyed by fire and Elnikov. Such ralniki live relatively long - 80-100 years old. They are bright, which allows them under their canopy successfully grow the teen indigenous rock (oak, ate, etc.), even if it does not differ as shadowlessness. Over time, the indigenous tree breeds grew under the canopy of the Osinnik overtake aspen in growth, shadow it and she dies, giving way to their stronger competitors. Thus, the Ospen performs an important biological role - preserving the forest area, it contributes to the restoration of the oak and the Elnikov.
Ospen can perform a pioneer wood. For example, the abandoned Parshi in the non-sinnamine strip of Russia will quickly overgrow the forest and turn into dense oxes or birchings (aspen-birch forests are formed in places). But they will not last long - under their canopy, a medium is created for the settlement of indigenous, more durable rocks: ate, oak, linden, etc.
Economic use of Osina
Wood aspen Soft, light, but continuing. It goes to different crafts, for example, wooden shovels, spoons, buckets and another dangle and carved dishes. From it they make Faneru, as well as chip (duch), which covered the roofs. In the mince areas, the Schire trunks are used both as a building material for the construction of residential buildings, sheds, other utility rooms. Unfortunately, the aspen wood is easily amazed by mushrooms causing rotting the core of trunks, so it is not easy to choose a good building material in the Osin Forest.
But the main use of the aspen wood found in matchmaking. It is from her that matches are made, without which it is impossible to present our lives. What conquered aspen matches? Of course, not trembling leaves. The main advantage of its wood is the absence of resins and tanning substances that smell when combustion. In addition, it is lightweight and in a dry state is well lit, without soot. For the manufacture of the so-called matching straw, it is also important that the aspen wood is easily split in the right direction.
In the mince areas, the aspen is in the mass goes to firewood, but their calorific value is quite low.
Aspen's bark, despite the bitter taste, serves as feed for wild fishing animals. Losi clap a bark with growing trees, and the hares purify from it fallen or cooled stems of aspen. Bees are collected from aspen to pollen, as well as resinous renal discharges, which are then converted to propolis. 
Medicinal value of aspen and methods of medical use
In scientific medicine, the Aspen did not find applications. In the people, it is used with medicinal purposes wide enough. A kidney, leaves, bark go on medicines. Aspen in paganism was of good importance as a tree, performed an excess of life; The leaves always tremble, hesitate, talk to each other. That is why this tree was considered particularly saving against any unclean power. For popular beliefs, vampires can be killed, just pushing the aspen cooke.
According to folk lycari, the drugs from Osin have anti-inflammatory, painful and diuretic effects.
Aspen bark and kidneys contain tubyl substances, bitter glycosides, benzoic acid and other substances. Alcohol aspen kidney extract has a bactericidal effect on some dangerous microbes (golden staphylococcus, cinema wand, intestinal-typhoid bacteria). The kidneys is better to harvest with young trees in the spring - in April-May.
Aspen's kidneys insist on vodka or 70% alcohol in a 1:10 ratio for a week. Take 25-30 drops on water 3 times a day. This tincture is used in acute chronic cystitis and weakness of the bladder, when goug and rheumatism.
The decoction of a young, greenish bark is good when inflammation of the bladder and kidney: 1 tablespoon of crushed bark pour 1 glass of water, boil on low heat 15min. Take 2 tablespoons of 3-4 times a day before meals.
Take a pinch (1 tablespoon with top) kidney or aspen cortex for 500ml boiling water. Boil 15, min. Insist, shitting, 3 hours. Take, with a cough, cold, as the coherent and campling 1 cup of 3rds per day, sweetening honey. In addition, it is a good appetizing agent.
One tablespoon of dry crushed aspen bark is boiling 30min. On small fire in 2 glasses of water. Insist, shitting, 3 hours. Take 1/5-1 / 4 glasses of Zraza daily before meals at the initial stage of diabetes. Drink up to 3 months and more. A decoction from the kora of the aspen helps and with gastritis.
Aspen wood aspen to mix with vaseline in half or in a 1: 4 ratio. The resulting ointment to process the place affected by eczema.
Crumpled, fugged with boiling water Young oxine leaves apply to hemorrhoids and leave for 2 hours. If these krops will disturb the patient, leave the leaves, after 1-2 days the procedure is repeated.
Folk medicine of different countries recommends patients with prostate hypertrophy Alcohol tincture of aspen cortex: 5stole spoons of crushed bark at 0.5 liters of vodka, insist 2 weeks. The bark is removed in early spring young, greenish, with thin branches. The tincture takes a dessert spoon once a day shortly before meals. Instead of the bark, you can insist the kidneys in the same way and take 20-40 drops 3 times a day.
Ointment from the kidneys is a great remedy for the treatment of cracks on the chest and nipples: mix 1 part of the kidneys and 2 parts of swine fat, grind and cook on low heat until completely dehydration, strain. The same ointment can be treated and hemorrhoidal cones.
The dried and dried aspen kidney powder, mixed with fresh butter, serve as an anti-inflammatory and wound-healing agent for burns, chronic ulcers and are used to softening hemorrhoidal nodes.
A good advice was given in the ancient herbalists: with inflammatory processes in the mouth, use the decoction of the kora of Osin, oak, alder.
Olovovy's bark Yes aspen yes, buckle to evaporate with water, grate to strain, yes, let it with a molasses go, and that water in the mouth of pulling out, and in the larynge it is not letting it.
In the explanatory dictionary V. I. Dalya, we find: a fever and teeth speak to the aspen. Changing the triangle from the bark (in the name of the father and son and the saint spirit), work the gums to the blood and apply it again in their place.
The people know one original simple way to external use of aspen juice with salt with a salt during dental pain. Take the freshly aspen log, trying it to the middle (but not to the end), the salt falls asleep in the hole and plug. Throw a log in the fire and, without letting it burn to the end, pour salt from the hole, the juice already soaked with juice. This salt is put on a sick tooth or bred by water in a hundreds of 1:10 for rinsing the mouth.
From the leaves of Osin, you can cook a vitamin decoction: 1 piece of crushed leaves pour 4 pieces of boiling water, boil 10-15 minutes., Cool and strain. Check into the vinegar and take on 1 tablespoon of 3-4 times a day. Autumn leaves give a decoction containing 1.5 times less vitamin C than spring and even summer. Remember this! For the winter you can prepare and vitamin syrup from aspen leaves.
In Russian villages, the peasants noted: if the feet reduces, helps the aspen is covered, laid in the legs, and from headaches - under the head.
Economic Council: to make cabbage not reoxit, put aspen in it.
According to the examination, he is controlled by Saturn, and is healing for Capricorn and Aquarius.
The Ospen tree, the photo and the description of which is easy to find in the reference book - this is the plant of the family of IVV, the kind of poplars. It grows quite large - about 35 meters high.
Ospen tree: photos, leaves, trunk and other distinctive features
The trunk, as the directories write, "colonno-like", and indeed, if nothing prevents the trees to grow, it is pretty slim. The bark is light, grayish green, "glows" at dusk, thanks to this, in the evening, the aspens can be confused with birch. Dark "checkmarks" at the base of the branches are added and the distinguishes are added, but the differences are still significant. First, the aspen is a tree (the photo is not allowed to discuss) visually more powerful. Secondly, the touch is also different: the bark is smooth, and the birch is rough.
Even easier to confuse her with a poplar: these plants are really very similar (since they are pretty close relatives). If there is no possibility to make a ride on nature, you can find another way to determine what exactly grows under the window. Poplar leaves are smoother, shiny, the color of them is thick, and the edge is not so wavy. The easiest way to focus on the stalk: short and dense - poplar, and if it is thin, long and flexible so much that it can be tied up with a node, in front of us aspen (wood).
Where it grows
Meet this plant is very simple. In the oppings, on the edges, near the reservoirs, among the pines or birches - an unpretentious tree is taken everywhere. Aspen, photo and description of which do not allow to doubt that this is a typical resident of our forests, grows on any soils and very quickly, and also seeks to form extensive colonies.
The fact is that the root system of the plant is very powerful, well developed and can give numerous shoots. Thanks to this, each aspen is easily detected in a roof forest - a tree around which a lot of young frightened grows.
Sometimes with a favorable coincidence of circumstances, such oranges are very thick. Visit them, of course, it is especially autumn: mushrooms are perfectly growing in these thickets - mostly raw materials and boomines.
Life-to be
The age of the tree is not particularly impressive: the 90-year-old plant - has already been older (there are separate individuals who lived one and a half years, but this is a rarity). But in one place can live a whole chain of his generations.
It is a pity that aspen is not used for gardening of cities: a tree, whose photo is clearly demonstrated, to which it can be decorative, looks good at any time of the year.
In early spring, it is one of the first to be covered with flowers (salad female or crimson-male worms), in summer green, falls in autumn surprisingly bright shades - from Canary-yellow to brightly crimson.
The only claim is the already mentioned passion to let root shoots. With them in the city and really do not worry the hassle: it would have to constantly cut down a fresh piglery and repair around the asphalt. Beauty would require too much costs.
Why tremor
In the literature of artistic and journalistic Osin, it is different how votes almost no one calls. And indeed, the plant trembles from the slightest blow of the wind. From a scientific point of view, it is quite simple to explain why the aspen behaves in a similar way: a photo of a tree and leaves, as well as the knowledge of some of its properties will be prompted by the most correct answer.
The plant itself is large, grows quickly, and his green mass has enough heavy. Thin long cuttings do not allow the leaves to resist moving air. Otherwise, the tree could break, because the wood is very soft, besides, it is susceptible to diseases to such an extent that adult aspen, not affected by any fungus or mold, find it difficult enough.
Such "love" is explained very simple: in the plant's juice there is many polysaccharides, they attract unwanted guests. Thanks to the same circumstance, the raw oxygen is not stored for a long time - dark spots appear on it, from which it is very difficult to get rid of it.
Aspen wood: where used
Despite this, in ancient times during the construction of churches, the Ospen tree was used. What does the traditional ancient wooden temple look like (in the quiz, for example), everyone knows who at least a little interested in history and architecture. "Scales", covering dome, made precisely from Osin. It has a specific property to burn out under the influence of the sun, wind and moisture, and acquire a proprietary silver glow as a result.
In itself, the aspen wood is very soft and well prepared, but it should be dried as it should be dried, then it acquires oak hardness: the ax bounces, you can't throw a nail. It is very important to find the desired balance, in which the necessary softness will persist, and the subsequent drying does not deform the finished product.
Is it suitable for furniture
Perhaps, therefore, in the production of furniture, the Aspen - the tree is not very popular, especially a variety called "ordinary". Still, it is not too good texture: the drawing is visible weakly, the color is vague light gray, with a greenish tint. In addition, it is difficult to find high-quality material (sickness spoil the bark), a lot of coming with the right drying. Experienced joiners say that it is not worth it.
But still, the Ospen tree is used for the manufacture of furniture. What a triploid variety looks like, there is no need to argue - in appearance they differ not strongly (it is easiest to determine in inflorescences). But as a wood, the difference is very noticeable. Triploid Aspen is less susceptible to mold fungi, the core of the trunk is tougher, it is less "leading" during drying.
However, despite the relative cheapness, the popularity of aspen furniture is small. First, there are not so many wooden cabinets and tables we buy, but among other things, the dark ancient superstitions prevent commercial success.
Osinovy \u200b\u200bsuperstition
It was believed that the aspen was a damned tree. Sources of such conviction are extremely contradictory and do not adhere to a single strategy. The only thing that links all versions is a binding to evangelical events.
According to one of them, the aspen with his rustle frightened Jesus Christ, and he promised her in his hearts that henceforth she would be shaking to the outcome of the times. Another legend reads that the Savior himself was angry at the tree, and his parental, Virgin Mary. Another myth argues that the Christ-seller of Judas hanged himself on the Osin, and since then the tree is "unreliable".
At the same time, the rumor prefers to shyly to silence, from where the aspen could take in Palestine: a description of the tree and the environment of his habitat confidently deny a similar opportunity. Not growing now, did not grow in the foreseeable past, it is unlikely about to grow in the future. However, scientific accuracy is not necessarily combined with myths and legends.
The combination of them, by the way, is also quite bizarre and contradictory. In some regions, the aspen is not used in the construction of houses (because the inhabitants will tremble from diseases), in others, go into the course of aspen rafters, and nothing terrible.
Despite the declared "cursing", the tree was actively used in the construction of churches (already mentioned lemmers of domes), wells (dry aspen is not impregnated with moisture), baths (poorly conducting heat), in the manufacture of wooden dishes (it is also approved that it is not yet soup and milk).
Magic properties
In any case, the aspen is a tree around which many beliefs are spinning.
Approve, for example, that it "pulls out" from humans (therefore, it is categorically impossible to make beds from it). There are objections: not all, but only bad. Aspen chambers are able to "suck the disease." The main thing - after recovery to bury the used artifact to the ground. With the same purpose, the patient's clothes were buried under the aspen, and he himself was put on a penalty or under the crown.
Aspen, photo of a tree and leaf of which do not give a reason to suspect it in magical abilities (a plant as a plant), used in frankly witchcraft events. So, in some villages, they believed that if they bury the aspen rods in the corners of the village, the inhabitants will overlook the impending epidemic. And about the material from which stakes are made to combat vampires and other evil spirits and there is nothing to say: it is not known about it that the cappuses.
Aspen in folk medicine
Among other things, the Aspen is a tree, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties of which are quite widely used in folk and traditional medicine. Most often there are recipes from the kidneys, the champs are treated with inflammation of the urogenital system (prostatitis, cystitis). It has a plant and anthelmintosis effect.
There are opinions about the fact that the drugs from Osin have long been treated with tuberculosis, OPU, syphilis, hemorrhoids, gastritis, digestive disorders and much more. It must be said that in the modern world, such treatment can hardly be considered as independent therapy - until the invention of antibiotics, many diseases treated "overlaying hands." The final statistics was not too inspiring.
In the case of a serious disease, and even in acute form, one bravers do not do. But to facilitate chronic states and prevention, they will fit perfectly.
- Description of wood
- Basic properties
- Natural medicine
- Improved soil
- Application in construction
- Ospen on the nursery
- And what options exist?
Aspen is mainly growing in the central lane of Russia, Transbaikalia, the Vologda region. Some parts of wood make medicines, animal feed. Osin is used in landscape design. An adult plant is a good honey, building material.
Description of wood
Ospen ordinary, or poplar trembling, reaches a height of 35 m. Typically, a straight trunk, colonum. Diameter to one meter. The bark is thin, to the touch smooth, gray-olive color. Leggings are formed with age with age, in shape resembling a black rhombus (see photo). The tree is frost-resistant, grows well on wet peeled soils, in shaded places.
From other clans, species, for example, poplar, is distinguished by the form of leaves, flowers that appear early in spring. The leaves round-rhombic, with a gear frame, width is larger than the length. Thined thin, flattened, so the leaves are easily in contact with each other. With the wind, the aspen trembles. The front side of the leaf is brilliant, bright green, rear matte, but a little lighter. The lower order leaves are larger, up to 15 cm long, have a pointed top, the heart-shaped shape, along the edge of the saw-gear frame, is published from the bottom side. Leaves of young shoots are more like the leaves of the poplars.
Spring in the trees appear inflorescences. The form is similar to earrings, biscuits. Women's salad, men's bright purple. In the fall, boxes with seeds are formed. After ripening, the boxes open, seeds having a joke, are spread by the wind.
Application
Corra can be harvested for the winter, use in food. Helps to relieve fatigue.
In the hungry years, an ushine lob was added to the flour, well dried, chopped into powder.
The twigs of the first tier still put into the sauer cabbage. This prevents fermentation processes, helps to keep the blanks until spring.
Natural medicine
In the leaves of pine, there are many organic acids, easily digestible carbohydrates, carbohydrates, vitamin C, anthocyanis, flavonoids. The infusion, boiled from the leaves, has a soft expectorant property, helps to increase the intensity of sweat selection. Using aspen, you can quickly recover from the cold. The leaves are used to combat hemorrhoids. The tincture of the bark helps to bring the sputum, stimulate the work of immunity, treat the diseases of the joints, the urogenital system, reduce blood sugar, pain in pancreatitis, improve digestion, excite appetite. Young shoots are used to stop bleeding, alcohol ointments treat burns, eczema, other skin diseases. The baths from the Osinovoy Bagharma soothe.
Improved soil
Autumn aspen drops a lot of leaves. They decompose in the ground faster than the leaves of other trees. The roots grow up, capturing a plot of 160 m 2. When the plant dies, there are moves in Earth, in which other high trees deepen. Osins are often planted on clay degraded soils. After some time, favorable conditions are formed for the growth of other more capricious plants.
Landscape Design Opportunities
Application:
- Creating windproof lines.
- Strengthening the shores of ravines, rivers, lakes.
- The formation on the edge of the steppe and forest of the aspen natural fence to protect against the penetration of the steppe fauna.
- Landscaping streets in a short time.
- Arrangement of firefare.
High decorative properties. In the spring, summer, the tree is covered with a thick green hat, in autumn - bright red. There are varieties with scaby tiers, pyramidal forms. Used to create a household landscape.
Application in construction
The greatest value is wood aged 40-45 years. In an adult tree she is white, the pattern texture is poorly expressed. According to the structure, soft, but homogeneous, dries moderately, almost not cracking. On the scale of the European Standard (EN 350-2: 1994) refers to the class of unstable rocks, therefore it does not apply in the construction of residential premises. Lumber is used to create roofing dranco. During the construction of wooden churches, Lemeh is used - the aspen plates needed to cover church chapters.
Because of the low density, the wood is well tolerating moisture. The material is suitable for the construction of wells, cellars, baths.
Due to low density, low resin content, the lack of a large number of bitch is used to make elements of the internal finishing of Russian baths, Finnish saunas. The match industry for the release of its products takes the basis of the wood of Osin. At articles of decorative and applied art, you can also often meet beautiful products from this plant.
Ospen on the nursery
You can plant aspen with seeds, but growth and development will be long. It is better to find a wild grove in the neighborhood, to dig there already have already grown seedlings. They need to have two meters away from each other. If you put trees closer, they will grow, become like a thick shrub.
Aspen has a strongly branched root system. Therefore, the tree can not land closer than 12 m from the buildings. Otherwise, the roots will damage the foundation, drainage system, communications.
Saplings are unpretentious, grow on any soils, but in front of the landing in ducks, mineral fertilizers add. Make a drainage layer, poured in a hole a decade-cated layer of rubble. Plants plant early spring, immediately after the snow comes from the ground.
Aspen - a dense, but moisture-loving tree. If the sapling will grow in drying soil, he will perish. Therefore, as the soil is burned, it is necessary to moisturely moisture.
Tree care is simple, boils down to watering the plant in the first four years of growth. The feeding is required only during the landing. A solution of cow manure was poured into the fossa, prepared in the proportion - 1 kg on 20 liters of water. The widely stretched root system of the adult tree itself will find everything you need for growth, development.
Osins, which are more than fifty years old, need to cut, recycle: Over time, the barrel becomes drumming, with a strong impact of the wind can break. Around the hemp quickly grows a sharp, it is easy to form a living elevation.
Sort
There are trees not with green, but a gray bark. The base of their trunk is noticeably darker of the upper part. There are early, late varieties, which differ from each other by the time of the appearance of leaves.
There are aspen to 140 m in height. They have a tripotoid set of chromosomes. There is a pinned trunk. It is used for the manufacture of furniture. Decorative forms, having a molding, pyramidal crown apply to landing in the loft. They get along well with coniferous rocks.
Aspen is suitable for landscape design only in the presence of a plot of a large area. The tree grows quickly, unpretentiously in care, it forms a green volume. There is an opportunity from decorative breeds to make shrubs, form living hedges.
Loading...
