Unfortunately, statistics show that every year the number of children with mental retardation is growing. This delay, in turn, provokes impairment of speech and mental functions. Coping with disruptions speech development Classes using special techniques will help: massage of the earlobes, massage of the tongue for the development of the child’s speech, articulation gymnastics. All of them are aimed at one goal - to help the baby develop his speech.
Speech therapy massage – what is it?
Speech therapy massage is a popular method of correctional and pedagogical intervention. It is based on a mechanical effect on the speech apparatus. With proper intervention, speech normalization occurs.
This technique has been in use for a long time, but continues to evolve every year. Speech pathologists, teachers, and speech therapists are constantly developing new methods and tactics for massage. There are classes at both a professional level and at home (performed by parents or the child himself).
What goals do specialists pursue when prescribing speech therapy exercises?
- Tone the facial muscles.
- Normalize the work of sedentary muscles.
- Reduce pathological movements in muscles (cramps, hyperkinesis, etc.).
- Increase the amplitude of articulatory movements.
- Form voluntary articulatory movements.
- Correct the condition of paresis and muscle paralysis.
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Effective types of logomassage
Recognized as the most popular the following types speech therapy massage.
- Classic or manual massage. It is carried out by a specialist using hands and various devices (toothbrush, spatula). Patting, stroking, rubbing, and light vibration are used.
- Probe massage according to Novikova. This type of influence was proposed by speech therapist Elena Viktorovna Novikova. This is done using tools (hatchets, forks, etc.).
- Acupressure, during which the specialist acts on points associated with the speech apparatus. Stimulation of these points promotes speech activation.
- Massage with vibration devices.
- Self-massage, during which the baby massages his own facial muscles.
All types of massage (except the last one) are performed by qualified specialists. If it is not possible to regularly conduct classes with a specialist, parents can do logomassage. To do this, they need to undergo training in the necessary massage techniques.
Depending on the final goal, massage is divided into 2 types:
- calming (for hypertension, paresis);
- activating (for cerebral palsy).
Indications for use
Massage for speech development has clear indications for:
- all types of stuttering;
- various speech defects (aphasia, dyslalia, bradyllia);
- loss of voice (partial);
- minor voice disturbances;
- uncontrolled salivation;
- Cerebral palsy (cerebral palsy);
- pronunciation pathology caused by severe tension in the facial muscles;
- hypertonicity of the facial muscles;
- problems with the development of articulatory muscles;
- dysarthria (limited mobility of the tongue, palate, lips).
Indications for speech therapy massage are determined by the doctor. The baby's parents are given a referral to visit a massage therapist or speech therapist in the children's medical institution. If parents do not want to visit a government specialist, they can turn to a private one. In this case, it is definitely worth checking his qualifications (diplomas and certificates).
Contraindications
Logomassage has a number of contraindications:
- stomatitis, gingivitis and other diseases oral cavity;
- conjunctivitis, blepharitis and other eye diseases;
- infectious diseases general type(chickenpox, flu, measles and others);
- herpetic infection;
- pulsation of arteries and veins;
- swollen lymph nodes;
- skin diseases (dermatitis, lichen);
- exacerbation of any somatic disease;
- violation of the integrity of the massaged skin(abrasions, cuts);
- bruises on the face;
- vascular wall disorders, thrombosis;
- oncological diseases;
- fungal infections of the skin;
- the child’s fear of the specialist or devices;
- hypersensitivity of the baby's skin.
The local neurologist must issue parents a certificate stating that there are no contraindications for speech therapy massage. An experienced and qualified speech therapist will definitely require this document from parents.
Features of logomassage
Carrying out exercises to correct speech in children is a serious action that requires special training of a specialist, parents and children. Therefore, it is important to know certain preparation rules.
The speech therapist’s preparation before the session consists of drawing up an individual exercise plan for each child and observing sanitary and hygienic standards:
- clean individual clothing (gown or suit), medical gloves, mask;
- disposable or disinfected instruments;
- frequent hand washing or using an antiseptic solution;
- the use of an antiseptic solution for the baby’s oral cavity (“Miramistin”, “Hexoral”);
- use of sterile wipes.
Preparation of parents and baby is also important.
- If the session is held at home, it is necessary to ventilate the room.
- The child should not be hungry. But you shouldn’t feed him immediately before the specialist arrives.
- If the baby is not in the mood, is capricious and cries, you should postpone the logomassage.
- If the baby is not feeling well ( headache, nausea, other symptoms), you should postpone the session.
The duration of one massage session depends on the age of the child. The smaller the baby, the shorter the work with a speech therapist.
- Ages from 0 to 3 years – 5-10 minutes.
- Ages from 4 to 7 years – 15-20 minutes.
- Child school age- more than 20 minutes.
The first logomassage session should not last more than 5-10 minutes. For the first time, the baby meets a speech therapist, a new experience of mechanical influence. If the child reacted normally the first time, feel free to increase the duration of the work.
A massage course consists of 10-20 procedures. There are 2-3 classes per week. Sometimes, due to special needs, classes can take place every other day or alternate with other rehabilitation activities. If a child needs several courses, then there is a break between them. The minimum duration of the break is 14 days. During this time, the baby’s body has time to readjust and prepare for new exposure.
Various logomassage techniques
Let's look at the basic massage techniques depending on the areas involved.
Speech therapy massage language
- It is carried out with professional devices (probes, spatulas) or improvised materials (spoons, toothbrushes). Can be done with hands wearing sterile gloves.
- During the procedure, dry sterile wipes are placed under the tongue to absorb excess saliva.
- If there are complaints of pain and discomfort on the part of the child, work stops until the next time.
Speech therapy facial massage
- It is carried out in stages, from top to bottom. The forehead is treated first, then the cheeks, nose, lips, chin and neck.
- Impact is applied to special points.
- Instead of manual massage, massage with teaspoons can be performed.
Speech therapy hand massage
- Working with the hands improves fine motor skills.
- Impact on certain points improves nervous and brain activity and gives a positive mood.
- The warmth of a specialist’s hands calms and relaxes.
Earlobe massage
- First, massage the ears separately, and then together.
- The movement begins from the lower edge of the earlobe, gradually moving upward.
- All movements are smooth, gentle, but rhythmic.
Speech therapy massage for children at home
If it is not possible to constantly practice with a specialist, then the logomassage technique can be mastered at home. To do this, you need to take special courses or ask for help from an experienced speech therapist. Professionals in their field will teach you a minimum set of techniques and exercises for the proper development of the speech apparatus. This experience will help parents more than once in the future.
How is massage performed at home?
- After diagnosis is made, a individual plan activities with the baby. Adults choose appropriate exercises. Thus, with hypotonicity of the facial muscles, completely different tactics will be used than with uncontrolled salivation.
- The room for the procedure is being prepared. It needs to be removed and ventilated.
- Instruments for the procedure (toothbrush, spatula, spoons) are thoroughly washed and treated with boiling water.
- If the procedure is performed in the oral cavity, you must wear clean medical gloves.
- The parent washes their hands with soap and treats them with an alcohol-based antiseptic.
- The child is in a semi-sitting position with a soft cushion under the neck.
- The best movements: stroking, rubbing, light vibration. It is necessary to monitor the baby's mood. Massage is not performed if the baby is not in a good mood. The time of logomassage is regulated according to childhood. If your baby has no signs of allergies, you can use aroma oils(lavender oil - soothes, lemon oil - tones and triggers brain activity). For infants, it is more advisable to use powders rather than oils.
- At the end of the session, it is important to praise the baby and tell him pleasant words. You can play your favorite games with him. Such actions will form a friendly attitude towards classes in the child’s mind.
Let's give an example of simple massage exercises that help strengthen articulatory muscles. And it’s easy to do with your child at home.
All movements are repeated eight to ten times and carried out “from the center” to the periphery. Includes stroking, kneading, rubbing and pinching.
- Light stroking of the upper part shoulder girdle(from bottom to top).
- Stroking the chin and lower face (from the center to the ears)
- Lip massage: stroking alternately the upper and lower lips in the direction from the middle to the corners. Stroking the nasolabial folds (in the direction from the corners of the lips to the nose). Then lightly tingle the lips from the middle to the corners.
- Face massage. Stroking from the middle to the temples of the forehead, then from the middle to the hair. Stroking eyebrows, cheeks. Kneading the cheek and zygomatic muscles - (circular movements in a spiral from the center to the ears). And we finish by pinching the cheeks.
- Tongue massage. Includes soft circular movements to knead the tongue from the tip to the middle (front and along the side edges). Then the tongue is pulled (holding the tip) - up, down, left, right. And we “comb” the tongue with a toothbrush using movements from the depths to the bottom. We finish the massage by kneading - squeezing the tongue from the sides in the direction “from the sides to the middle.”
Children's speech therapy massage at home gives good results in combination with articulatory gymnastics. And if you add breathing exercises, physiotherapy, learning specialized games and tongue twisters, and maternal care, there is simply amazing progress in speech development. Doctors advise parents not to despair, but to study logomassage techniques. This invaluable experience will help out a mother or father more than once, even while raising a healthy baby.
Teryokhina E.A., speech therapist, Budgetary institution of Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug–Yugra “Rehabilitation center for children and adolescents with disabilities“Harmony”, Nyagan.
For children with significant speech disorders (alalia, dysarthria, dyslalia caused by a shortened hyoid frenulum, etc.), only articulation and breathing exercises. Speech therapy massage is required. Taking the massage system of E.F. Arkhipova as a basis. for children with cerebral palsy and the knowledge gained in regular therapeutic massage courses, I have prepared detailed material both for specialists, teachers, and for parents of children with severe speech impairments. This will greatly facilitate the correction of sound pronunciation and allow you to achieve certain results. Currently for correction speech disorders I use it in my classes different kinds logomassage. I introduce parents to the methods and techniques of speech therapy massage for further massage at home.
The role of speech therapy massage
Speech therapy massage is an active method of mechanical action that changes the condition of muscles, nerves, blood vessels and tissues of the peripheral speech apparatus. Speech therapy massage is one of the speech therapy techniques that helps normalize the pronunciation side of speech and the emotional state of people suffering from speech disorders.
Massage is used for dysarthria (impaired muscle tone), including its erased forms, stuttering, and voice disorders.
Massage has a beneficial physiological effect on the body. Massage improves the secretory function of the skin, activates its lymph and blood circulation. And therefore, it improves her nutrition and increases metabolic processes. Under the influence of massage, capillaries expand, gas exchange between blood and tissues increases (oxygen therapy of tissues). Rhythmic massage movements facilitate the movement of blood through the arteries and accelerate the outflow of venous skin. Massage has a reflex effect on the entire lymphatic system, improving the function of lymphatic vessels. The state of the muscular system changes significantly under the influence of massage. First of all, elasticity increases muscle fibers, the strength and volume of their contractile function, muscle performance, their activity is restored after exercise. The differentiated use of various massage techniques makes it possible to reduce tone in case of muscle spasticity, and, on the contrary, increase it in case of flaccid paresis of articulatory muscles. This helps the formation and implementation of active voluntary, coordinated movements of the organs of articulation. There is a complex relationship between the force of massage and the body's response. With light, slow stroking, the excitability of the massaged tissues decreases.
Thus, speech therapy massage has an overall positive effect on the body as a whole, causing beneficial changes in the nervous and muscular systems that play a major role in the speech-motor process.
The main objectives of speech therapy massage are:
Normalization of muscle tone of the articulatory apparatus (in more severe cases, a decrease in the degree of manifestation of motor defects of the articulatory muscles: spastic paresis, hyperkinesis, ataxia, synkinesis);
Activation of those muscle groups of the peripheral speech apparatus in which there was insufficient contractility (or inclusion in the process of articulation of new muscle groups that were previously inactive);
Stimulation of proprioceptive sensations;
Preparing conditions for the formation of voluntary, coordinated movements of the organs of articulation;
Reducing hypersalivation;
Strengthening the pharyngeal reflex;
Afferentation into the speech zones of the cerebral cortex (to stimulate speech development with delayed speech formation).
Contraindications for massage are infectious diseases (including ARVI, influenza), skin diseases, herpes on the lip, stomatitis, conjunctivitis. Massage should be used with great caution in children with episyndrome (convulsions), especially if the child cries, screams, breaks out of his hands, his nasolabial “triangle” turns blue or there is a tremor of the chin.
Speech therapy massage is performed in a warm, well-ventilated room. Typically, massage is recommended to be carried out in cycles of 10-15-20 sessions, preferably every day or every other day. After a break of 1-2 months, the cycle can be repeated. Under certain circumstances, when massage cannot be done often and regularly, it can be carried out for a longer time, but less frequently.
The duration of one procedure may vary depending on the age of the child, the severity of the speech-motor disorder, individual characteristics etc. The initial duration of the first sessions is from 1-2 to 5-6 minutes, and the final duration is from 15 to 20 minutes. At an early age, massage should not exceed 10 minutes, in junior preschool - 15 minutes, in older preschool and school age - 25 minutes.
Body position during speech therapy massage
Before starting a massage session, the child’s body must be brought into the correct position. Correct posture helps normalize muscle tone (usually relaxation) and makes breathing more free.
For speech therapy massage, the following positions are most optimal:
In the supine position, a small cushion is placed under the child’s neck, allowing him to slightly raise his shoulders and tilt his head back; arms extended along the body; the legs lie freely or are slightly bent at the knees (you can also place a cushion under the child’s knees);
The child is in a half-sitting position in a chair with a high headrest;
The child is in a semi-sitting position in a reclining highchair or a stroller.
Main types of speech therapy massage:
Classic manual massage.
Therapeutic classical massage is used without taking into account reflex effects and is carried out near the damaged area of the body or directly on it. The main techniques of manual classic massage are: stroking, rubbing, kneading and vibration.
To perform these techniques when massaging the tongue, speech therapists often use soft-bristled toothbrushes, spatulas, pacifiers, etc.
Acupressure is a type of therapeutic massage, when locally a relaxing or stimulating effect is applied to biologically active points (zones) according to the indications for a disease or dysfunction.
Hardware massage is carried out using vibration, vacuum and other devices.
Probe massage (according to the method of Novikova E.V.).
Self-massage.
The definition of massage follows from its name. The child does the massage himself. This can be either a facial massage with your hands, or, for example, a tongue massage with the help of your teeth (the articulation exercise “Combing the tongue”, when the child forcefully pushes the tongue through closed teeth).
- Relaxing massage of articulatory muscles.
It is used in case of increased tone (spasticity) in the speech muscles (facial, labial, lingual muscles).
Carrying out facial massage contributes not only to the formation of facial means of communication, but also to the development of the oral sphere, which is necessary for the child’s normal nutrition and subsequent speech development.
Important: Place the child in positions in which pathological tonic reflexes would manifest themselves minimally or not at all.
Relaxation of the neck muscles (passive head movements).
Before starting a relaxing massage of the articulatory muscles, especially in the case of a significant increase in muscle tone of the upper shoulder girdle and neck, it is necessary to relax these muscles.
The position of the child is on the back or half-sitting, the head hangs slightly back:
a) support the child’s neck from behind with one hand, and with the other make circular movements of the head, first clockwise, then counterclockwise;
b) with slow, smooth movements, turn the child’s head in one direction and the other, rock it forward (3-5 times).
Relaxation of the neck muscles causes some relaxation of the root of the tongue. Relaxation of the oral muscles is achieved by lightly stroking and patting the muscles of the face, lips, neck, and tongue. Movements are carried out with both hands in the direction from the periphery to the center. Movements should be light, sliding, slightly pressing, but not stretching the skin. Each movement is repeated 5-8 times.
Relaxation of facial muscles:
- stroking from the middle of the forehead to the temples;
- stroking from the eyebrows to the scalp;
- stroking from the forehead line around the eyes;
- stroking the eyebrows from the bridge of the nose to the sides to the edge of the hair, continuing the eyebrow line;
- stroking from the forehead line down across the entire face along the cheeks, chin and neck;
- stroking from the bottom edge auricle(from the earlobes) along the cheeks to the wings of the nose;
- light pinching movements along the edge of the lower jaw;
- Pressure massage of the face from the hair roots down.
Relaxation of the labial muscles:
- stroking the upper lip from the corners of the mouth to the center;
- stroking the lower lip from the corners of the mouth to the center;
- stroking the upper lip (movement from top to bottom);
- stroking the lower lip (movement from bottom to top);
- stroking the nasolabial folds from the wings of the nose to the corners of the lips;
- acupressure of the lips (light rotational movements clockwise);
- lightly tapping your lips with your fingers.
In case of asymmetry of the facial muscles, we perform articulation massage with hypercorrection of the affected side, that is, perform it on it larger number massage movements.
2.Stimulating massage of articulatory muscles.
It is carried out in case of muscle hypotonia in order to strengthen muscle tone.
Techniques: Energetic and fast movements.
Massage movements are carried out from the center to the periphery. Strengthening the facial muscles is carried out by stroking, rubbing, kneading, pinching, vibration. After 4-5 light movements, their strength increases. They become pressing, but not painful. The movements are repeated 8-10 times.
Strengthening facial muscles:
- stroking the forehead from the middle to the temples;
- stroking the forehead from the eyebrows to the hair;
- stroking eyebrows;
- stroking along the eyelids from the inner to the outer corners of the eyes and to the sides;
- stroking the cheeks from the nose to the ears and from the chin to the ears;
- squeezing the chin with rhythmic movements;
- kneading the zygomatic and buccal muscles (spiral movements along the zygomatic and buccal muscles);
- rubbing the cheek muscle (index finger in the mouth, the rest outside);
- pinching cheeks.
Strengthening the labial muscles:
- stroking from the middle of the upper lip to the corners;
- stroking from the middle of the lower lip to the corners;
- stroking the nasolabial folds from the corners of the lips to the wings of the nose;
- tingling lips;
- slight tingling of lips.
3.Massage of the lingual muscles.
Perform the massage lying down before meals or 1.5-2 hours after meals for 5 minutes.
Gum massage begins with movements in a horizontal direction on one side of the gum. This increases salivation, so after 2-4 weakening movements the child should be given the opportunity to swallow saliva. Then a similar massage is carried out on the other side of the gum. Next, the gums are massaged with vertical movements.
The palate is massaged with a finger midline starting from the front with a slight lift soft palate. This movement is repeated 10-15 times. During the massage, the child can pronounce the vowels A and E.
The tongue is massaged from front to back until the gag reflex occurs. This involves stroking, light patting, and vibration for 15 seconds.
Massage to relax the tongue muscles:
Acupressure in the area of the submandibular fossa, which is carried out for 15 seconds, vibrating movements with the index finger under the lower jaw;
Vibration with two index fingers of both hands at the angles of the jaw (15 seconds).
The movements used are straight, spiral, circular, while holding the tongue with the fingers of one hand, and performing massage movements with the fingers of the other. They should be sent:
*From the middle of the tongue to its tip and back.
*From the center of the tongue to the left and right (“herringbone”),
*From the left edge of the tongue to the right and vice versa (across the tongue),
*Rolling a finger over the tongue in different directions,
*Pinching and stretching of the edges of the tongue.
*Stroking the tongue from the hyoid frenulum to the tip of the tongue and back.
Work to overcome drooling.
1. Teach children to chew well - first with their heads thrown back.
2.Teach to suck saliva and swallow saliva more often with one push,
especially before doing exercises.
3.Rotate your tongue in front of your mouth, then swallow saliva.
Massage of facial muscles for speech development (speech therapy massage)
All parents, without exception, are looking forward to their beloved child speaking. You can help your baby start talking by massaging the facial muscles. This kind of massage can be started selectively from 2-3 months, and for children over 2 years old who speak poorly, it is simply necessary. The mother can do the massage herself.
Speech therapy massage begins with a general facial massage, then moves on to a lip massage and then carries out manipulations in the child’s oral cavity. It should be borne in mind that not all children react positively to manipulations in the mouth, since the mouth area is very sensitive. The child must receive in the process speech therapy massage only pleasant sensations. Otherwise, the tone and hypersensitivity of the oral area increases. Inept active actions can lead to revitalization of the reflex sphere, in particular, the biting or gag reflexes.
Carrying out facial massage contributes not only to the formation of facial means of communication, but also to the development of the oral sphere, which is necessary for the child’s normal nutrition and subsequent speech development.
Facial massage is recommended daily for three minutes. This takes into account General requirements to conduct a massage: the environment should be comfortable and hygienic. Massage is contraindicated in the presence of skin or somatic diseases.
During the massage, you need to actively communicate with the child, play with him, sing songs to him, tell him fairy tales and poems, you can accompany the massage with calm music.
Among the massage techniques, the most acceptable are stroking and light vibration, which promote muscle relaxation. When stroking, the massaging hand glides over the skin without moving it into folds. First, superficial stroking is used, then deeper. It can be done with the palms, pincer-shaped fingers, or the dorsum of the fingers bent at right angles at the metacarpophalangeal joints.
Continuous vibration is performed by the end phalanges of the fingers, which are placed on the skin and produce a shock - a movement reminiscent of sifting flour through a sieve.
Massage should be carried out when room temperature with clean, warm hands, first stroking - four movements in each direction, then - similarly - continuous vibration and then stroking again.
When performing a massage in the oral area, you can use the recommendations of M. Borkovskaya, G.Ya. Levina, E.F. Arkhipova. So, to reduce hypersensitivity before eating, you need to gently touch the child’s shoulders, neck, forehead, cheeks, gradually approaching the oral cavity.
Facial massage is carried out in the following directions:
· from the middle of the forehead to the temples;
· from eyebrows to scalp;
from the inner corner of the eye to the outer upper eyelid and in the opposite direction along the bottom;
· from the root of the nose to the temporal region;
· from the corner of the mouth to the tragus of the auricle;
· from the middle of the chin to the earlobe;
· along the front surface of the neck - from bottom to top, along the sides - from top to bottom.
G.Ya. Levina suggests performing a special massage of the lower part of the face in the following sequence:
· simultaneous stroking massage of both cheeks from the nose to the ears with slightly spaced fingers 2,3,4,5;
· lightly rubbing the nasolabial folds from the wings of the nose to the corners of the mouth with the second fingers of both hands;
· stroking the chin from the middle to the earlobes with the second and third fingers of both hands;
· massage of the orbicularis oris muscle: from the middle of the upper lip to the corners and further to the middle of the lower lip;
· separate stroking of the upper lip from the midline to the corners of the mouth, from the nose to the edge of the lower lip, from the midline to the corners of the mouth, from the chin to the edge;
· stroking the neck from the middle to the earlobes.
The rubbing technique is used in the same sequence. With barely noticeable efforts, with small circular movements, the fingers move in the same directions, then lightly tap with the pads of fingers 1, 2, 3, 4 throughout the lower part of the face and neck from the midline to the ears. Finally, a stroking technique is performed. Total time massage – 5 minutes.
To relax the neck muscles, the child's head is rocked. The speech therapist's right hand is placed under the child's head and, with slow, smooth movements, turns his head in one direction and the other, rocking him forward. Relaxation of the neck muscles causes some relaxation of the root of the tongue.
After this, you can proceed to massage the area around the lips, keeping your mouth closed:
· massage to relax the muscles of the lips;
· stroking the nasolabial folds from the wings of the nose to the corners of the lips;
· stroking the upper lip from the corners of the mouth to the middle;
· stroking the lower lip from the corners of the mouth to the middle;
· patting lips;
· lip vibration.
Gum massage begins with movements in a horizontal direction on one side of the body. This increases salivation, so after 2-4 weakening movements the child should be given the opportunity to swallow saliva. Then a similar massage is carried out on the other side of the gum. Next, the gums are massaged with vertical movements.
The palate is massaged with a finger or a vibrating device along the midline, starting from the front with a slight lifting of the soft palate. This movement is repeated 10-15 times. During the massage, the child can pronounce the vowels A and E.
The tongue is massaged from front to back until the gag reflex occurs. This involves stroking, light patting, and vibration for 15 seconds.
Acupressure vibration massage can be used. First, the points are massaged to improve chewing (1.2), then swallowing (3.4)
M. Borkovskaya writes that these points can also be influenced thermally - with heat or cold.
Massage to relax the tongue muscles:
· acupressure in the area of the submandibular fossa, which is carried out for 15 seconds, vibrating movements with the index finger under the lower jaw;
· vibration with two index fingers of both hands at the angles of the jaw (15 seconds).
Speech therapy massage
I present a simple version of massage of the face and organs of articulation. It is adapted for parents and is easy to make.
In what cases can these exercises be recommended?
1. At six to seven months the baby did not start babbling.
2. When a child pronounces sounds, it seems that he does it with difficulty, he has an “awkward” tongue and “disobedient” lips.
3. The child pronounces sounds easily, but they are unclear/“blurred”
4. The child is searching for articulation; he does not understand how to position his tongue and lips to pronounce a sound/word/syllable.
It is also important to remember that the child should like the massage.
You need to start gradually, with exercises that are pleasant for the baby, and end with them.
Increase exercises gradually, skip those that the child absolutely does not like.
Invite your child to do some of the exercises himself. Perhaps he will start with you or with a bear, and then he will do it on himself.
Massage of the face and organs of articulation
1. Facial muscle massage
To massage the facial muscles, “chopping” and sliding (imitation shaving) movements with the edge of the index finger, stroking, patting with the palms and fingertips are used. It is necessary to make the same number of movements both clockwise and counterclockwise.
Exercise No. 1. Activation of facial muscles. Rub the terry cloth mitten over each cheek in a circular motion. The movements should be uniform and energetic, starting from the wings of the nose, moving up towards the temples, and down from the temples.
Exercise No. 2. Tapping your fingers on the child’s face “Fingers ran” Walk with quick, energetic movements over the child’s cheeks and lips.
Exercise No. 3. Patting the child’s cheeks with your palms. The bases of the adult's hands are connected under the baby's chin, and his cheeks are covered with his palms. Clap vigorously, but not too hard.
Exercise No. 4. Tapping the child's lips with the index and middle fingers. At the same time, you need to say: “M-mm-mm...”
Exercise No. 5. Game "Call".
Pronounced in a chant:
- “Wall, wall” (in this case, you need to pat your cheeks, as in exercise No. 3),
- “Ceiling” (touch forehead),
- “Two steps” (pat the chin and upper lip with the index and middle fingers),
- “And - the bell rings: “Ding!” (press your index finger on the tip of the baby’s nose).
Exercise No. 6. Sliding (shaving) movements with the side of the index finger from the temples to the baby’s mouth.
Exercise No. 7. Chopping movements with the edge of the index finger in the direction from the temples to the mouth.
Exercise No. 8. Close the baby’s mouth and hold the lower jaw. With your other hand, run from your chin down your neck. This teaches you to swallow saliva.
2. Massage the child’s oral muscles and tongue
(Use a massage toothbrush or an adult’s finger wrapped in a bandage).
1. Slap your fingertips around your mouth clockwise and counterclockwise.
2. Do the same thing more slowly, stopping and, as it were, “screwing in deeper” with each touch.
3. Massage the baby’s upper labial muscles: pat the tip or pad of the index finger from the nose to the upper lip.
4. Stroke the child’s muscles in the direction from the nose to the upper lip. The movements are performed with the edge of the index finger.
5. Press several times with springy movements of the index and thumb on the points in the corners of the mouth. Then bring the corners of your lips together, imitating their position when pronouncing the sound “U”. Be sure to say “Oooh” when doing this.
6. Place your index finger under your lower lip and push it up until it meets your upper lip. Say “Ba-ba-ba” while doing this
7. “Dumplings”: close the baby’s lips with movements of the big and index finger. These movements should resemble those made when making pies or dumplings. Say “Mmmm” while doing this.
8. Place a special massage brush or a finger wrapped in a bandage in the child’s mouth, positioned with inside cheeks. Perform rotational movements, lifting the muscles upward. Be sure to perform movements both right and left.
9. “Rub” the muscles of both cheeks from the inside. Index finger with a brush or bandage in the baby's mouth, thumb outside.
10. Use your finger to lift the tip of the child’s tongue to the alveoli (tubercles behind upper teeth), while saying “Yes-yes-yes”, “Ta-ta-ta”.
Tongue massage can be done with a special massage or toothbrush, clapping and stroking the center of the tongue from tip to root and back.
End of the massage. Close the baby's mouth and use your index finger to help keep the mouth closed and help swallow. Increase your exercises gradually. Good luck. Write how it turns out.
Speech therapy massage for cerebral palsy
Cerebral palsy (CP) is a traumatic disease of the DNS as a result of birth trauma or previous infectious disease pregnant woman, in which the functions of movement (pathological tonic reflexes) and the child’s speech suffer. To restore impaired functions in children suffering from cerebral palsy, speech therapy massage, therapeutic exercises and other means are used.
Considering that from the first days of life, under the influence of pathological tonic reflexes, the child develops pathological positions of the arms, legs, body and head position (torticollis), it is necessary to select for each child individually a body position in which pathological tonic reflexes do not appear at all, or appear minimal. These positions of the torso, limbs, and head are called the “reflex of prohibiting positions”; they must be given to the child before the start of speech therapy classes and during the process of gymnastics and speech therapy massage.
When performing a massage of cerebral palsy and gymnasts great importance has a choice of poses.
Speech therapy massage poses:
fetal position;
lying on his back, a cushion is placed under the child’s neck, while the legs are bent at the knee joints;
lying on your back, the head is fixed with bolsters;
on the side in the fetal position;
in the prone position, a cushion is placed under the baby’s chest.
When selecting a pose, a speech therapy massage is performed (massage of facial and chewing muscles, massage for cerebral palsy).
Speech therapy massage technique for face and neck massage
stroking (ironing) with the pads of two or three fingers from the middle of the forehead to the temples;
stroking from the eyebrows to the beginning of the scalp;
stroking on both sides of the nose (from top to bottom);
stroking from the middle of the chin to the earlobes;
stroking from the middle of the upper lip to the earlobes.
Each movement must be repeated 3-5 times. Perform 3-5 times during the day.
Massage technique for cerebral palsy - relaxation of the tongue muscles
impact on a point located in the submandibular fossa;
impact on symmetrical points of the nasolabial fold;
impact on symmetrical points of the zygomatic muscles;
impact on symmetrical points of the submandibular muscles.
Gymnastics are performed in combination with speech therapy massage. It is aimed at increasing the volume and strength of the respiratory muscles, depth, and rhythm of breathing. For a child over five months old, the following gymnastic exercises can be performed:
Spread your arms to the sides, and when returning, press them to your chest;
raise your arms up, and when lowering, press them to your chest;
move your right hand to the side and turn your head at the same time, then
return to original position;
extend your leg(s), then bend them at the knees and hip joints and lead to the stomach;
starting position - lying on your stomach, lift your head and shoulders by your outstretched arms, and then lower your head and shoulders.
Repeat all exercises 3-5 times. Subsequently, the set of gymnastic exercises for cerebral palsy is complicated and supplemented with a number of exercises.
Goals and objectives of speech therapy massage and therapeutic exercises:
Normalization of tone and motility of the articulatory apparatus;
increasing the force and duration of exhalation;
development of hand manipulations;
development of rhythmic breathing and limb movements;
development of visual differentiated movements;
stimulation of kinesthetic movements (sensations) and development of finger touch;
development of emotional reactions;
development of hand movements with objects (toys).
Dear Parents! I would like to offer speech therapy massage for your children.
It can be done before speech therapy sessions or in the morning when the child wakes up.
To do this, guess the time when your child good mood so that the baby is relaxed and does not experience negative emotions towards the new type of exercise.
Massage will have a positive effect on the development of sensitivity in your children and will help strengthen the muscles of the lips and tongue.
Speech therapy massage
LIPS MASSAGE
1. Place your index fingers at the wings of the nose and carry out stroking movements with pressure towards the corners of the mouth, along the nasolabial folds. 8-10 times.
2. Place your index fingers in the middle of your upper lip and rub it towards the corners of your mouth. 8-10 times.
3. Place your index fingers in the middle of your lower lip and rub it with pressure towards the corners of your mouth. 8-10 times.
4. Using the thumb and index finger of your right hand, pinch first upper lip from one corner of the mouth to the other, then the bottom. 8-10 times each lip.
5. Using the index finger of your right hand, tap above the upper lip and under the lower lip clockwise. The tapping should be active, the strength of the movements gradually increasing.
6. Place your index fingers in the corners of your lips and gather your upper lip towards the middle, then stretch your lips again, and then use the same technique to gather your lower lip. 8-10 times.
TONGUE MASSAGE
When performing an activating (strengthening) massage, you should pay attention to the following points:
1. Movements during a strengthening massage are active, intense and directed mainly from the root of the tongue to the tip;
2. The techniques of kneading and grinding are mainly used;
3. As a rule, with reduced muscle tone of the tongue, the gag reflex is also reduced, so massage movements in this case can be quite active even in the area of the root of the tongue;
4. With reduced muscle tone, as a rule, hypersalivation (increased salivation) is observed, therefore, before performing the massage and during the massage, the adult invites the child to swallow saliva.
An energizing massage may include the following movements.
1. Grinding in a horizontal direction. Thumb on top, middle and index finger on bottom. Rubbing the muscles of the tongue from root to tip on one side of the tongue, then on the other.
2. The position of the fingers is the same. Rubbing the muscles of the tongue into a spiral shape
movements, the force of pressure gradually increases. The movement is directed from the root to the tip of the tongue on one side, then on the other.
3. The position of the fingers is the same. Grinding the muscles of the tongue in the transverse
direction from one side of the tongue, then from the other.
4. Thumb and index fingers are on the side surfaces
language. Squeeze the tongue from the sides. Keep your tongue tight
position 1 - 2 s, move your fingers a little and repeat the movement.
5. The position of the fingers is the same. Right hand squeeze the tongue from the side surfaces, and with your thumb and forefinger make rubbing movements, gradually moving from the root to the tip of the tongue.
6. Using your thumb and index finger, make pinching movements along the edge of the tongue.
7. Patting the tongue muscles with a spatula (or a grooved surface
pens, toothbrush).
8. Vibrate the tongue using a wooden spatula, which is applied to the tip of the tongue for 10-15 s. You can place a gauze roller on the child’s lower teeth to avoid damaging the mucous membrane of the lower surface of the tongue.
Speech therapy massage to strengthen facial muscles.
The nature of the massage movements should be of a pronounced tonic nature; the baby’s skin may turn a little red, but do not overdo it smile
If your baby's skin is very dry, you can use a small amount of baby cream.
When performing a massage, you should follow some rules:
1.Massage movements are carried out from the center to the periphery.
2. Strengthening the facial muscles is carried out by stroking, kneading, rubbing, vibration.
3. After 4-5 light movements, the strength increases, they become pressing, but not painful.
4. The movements are repeated 8-10 times.
Strengthening facial muscles:
1. stroking the forehead from the middle to the temples;
2. stroking the forehead from the eyebrows to the hair;
3. stroking eyebrows;
4. stroking along the eyelids from the inner to the outer corners of the eyes and to the sides;
5. stroking the cheeks from the nose to the ears and from the chin to the ears;
6. squeezing the chin with rhythmic movements;
7. kneading the zygomatic and cheek muscles (spiral movements along the zygomatic and cheek muscles);
8. rubbing the buccal muscle (index finger in the mouth, the rest outside);
9. pinching cheeks.
During the massage, you can recite poems in time with the movements, for example, the following:
“Mom washed the children’s foreheads,
Mom washed her forehead with soap.
Mom washed the children's cheeks,
Mom washed her cheeks with soap.
Mom washed the children's nose,
Mom washed her nose with soap.
Mom washed the children's eyes,
Mom washed her eyes with soap.
Mom washed the children's mouths,
Mom washed her mouth with soap.
Soap the children's chins,
And I haven’t forgotten him.”
Instead of the word “baby” you can say daughter, son or child’s name.
Today, unfortunately, many children suffer from speech impediments, some are even diagnosed with various disorders. Speech therapy massage for children not only accompanies the correct production of sounds, but is also a powerful stimulant for children to begin speaking. After all, the muscle tone of newborns affects future speech. Therefore, with the help of massage, facial muscles and tissues relax, which forms correct speech.
Benefit
Combining visits to a speech therapist and massage will be productive and beneficial.
The adjustment includes the following tasks:
- there is a correction of sounds that are difficult for the child, and therefore they do not correspond to the norm, this can be the replacement of hissing or letters L and R, G and D;
- bringing speech breathing indicators to normal is necessary if the child’s pronunciation is incorrectly formed due to improper breathing;
- reduction of emotional stress;
- correction of stuttering, dysarthria, rhinolalia, voice disorders;
- increased tone of facial muscles if the child uses little effort when pronouncing sounds;
- reduction of increased salivation;
- work on the articulatory apparatus;
- strengthening the pharyngeal reflex when speaking and improving the condition of the voice - for medical reasons.
All this, with the right approach and systematization, leads to high-quality results.
Indications for the procedure
- The first and most important indication, if you take your child to a speech therapist - consolidate the result. Speech therapy massage will speed up the pronunciation process, this is important for children whose speech lags behind their peers.
- Weak or, on the contrary, increased tone of the facial muscles.
- Stuttering - the child repeats syllables in a word or cannot pronounce the word completely, becoming fixated on one part. Often this affects children who are frightened, have experienced a strong shock, or are simply indecisive kids.
- Voice disorder – the child gets tired of speaking b, does it quietly and complains of pain and sore throat, a feeling of “lump” and heaviness when speaking.
- Dysarthria. Violation, rather, psychological than articulatory. Against the background of various mental disorders The child cannot speak correctly.
- Increased salivation It is also an indication for massage; it indicates weak muscles not only of the face, but also of the tongue.
- Children with cerebral palsy.
However, it is not always possible to do speech therapy massage.
It is contraindicated in skin diseases face, lips and oral cavity (rash, herpes, stomatitis, viral infections, gingivitis, throat diseases, inflammation of the lymph nodes, as well as conjunctivitis and boils).
All of them will bring pain and discomfort, due to which a child, even in a healthy state, may refuse to exercise.
Varieties
It’s no secret that to develop speech you need to work not only with the speech apparatus, because in human body everything is interconnected.
- Massage for the tongue. It is first necessary to relax the jaw muscles, neck and shoulder muscles so that the root of the tongue relaxes. If touching the tongue causes spasm and a gag reflex, then the massage is limited only to the tip of the tongue in the baby’s mouth, gradually increasing the distance and forcing the tongue to extend longer.
- Lip massage. All movements are repeated at least 50 times and very gently.
- Neck massage. Performed before meals or after passing 2 hours from eating.
- Ear massage. Stimulates the articulatory apparatus.
- Hand massage. Each finger is responsible for a specific organ, so this massage is effective not only for speech. The thumb is the brain, the index finger is the stomach, the middle finger is the spine, intestines, the ring finger is the liver, the little finger is the heart. It is better to start with a finger massage, gradually increasing the area of manipulation.
- Massage with spoons. Requires careful handling.
Conditions for holding
Ideally, speech therapy massage is prescribed by a medical specialist. However, not everyone has the opportunity to visit it, so light exercises can be done at home on your own. First you need to create favorable conditions- peace and quiet so that the child is not distracted. The room should be bright and ventilated. The massager's hands are warm and clean.
The first lesson is no more than five minutes; the child should get used to the procedure, which is unusual for him. At first, the massage should be no more than 10 minutes; after a week, the time can be increased to 25-30 minutes. The time varies depending on age: the smallest children can only withstand 10 minutes, preschoolers up to 15-20, but schoolchildren can fully endure 25 minutes.
Classes should be systematized, approximately 2-3 times a week; the smaller the gap between classes, the higher the effectiveness. However, daily repetition can also lead to rejection.
For massage, you should purchase massage oil or plant oils, having first checked them for allergic reaction. To avoid infections, use gloves and a mask, this is important especially for infants. You may also need ammonia in case of loss of consciousness, which happens extremely rarely.
Technique at home
Many people believe that a mother will not be able to cope with speech disorders at home. However, this is a big misconception. All speech therapists talk about the need to practice at home, otherwise it is difficult to consolidate the results obtained from each lesson.
It is better to start massaging from the entire face, which will relieve hypertension and total voltage baby. Starting from the forehead, gradually stroke down to the chin. The movements are soft, from the center of the face to the edge, horizontally. Forehead - temples, eyebrows - hairline, eyelids, cheeks - from nose to ear, from lips to ear. You can repeat them 2-3 times.
If the child is uncomfortable or simply doesn’t want to, then you should limit yourself to light stroking, gradually moving on to the complex.
Language
Performed from the tip of the tongue to its root.
- Grabbing the end of the tongue, you need to move it up and down, left and right, back and forth.
- Stroking the tongue with your thumb, and you need to support it from below, movements are made from the center, in a circle or longitudinally.
- Stroking the top and bottom of the tongue with your thumb and middle finger.
- Creating vibration. Gently rock the tongue, tap lightly with your finger.
- Massage the frenulum of the tongue with up and down movements.
- Use a cloth of different texture to stroke your tongue.
- We use soft toothbrush, drawing along the tongue, we draw letters.
Without preparation, these exercises are not so easy to do. Many training videos for tongue massage will help beginners.
Another important condition– the child must control salivation; if this turns out poorly, you can put a napkin under the tongue and change it as it gets wet.
Lips
This also includes the chin and nasolabial fold.
- Rubbing lips with fingers.
- We move our fingers in a circular motion from one corner to another.
- Massage both lips opposite sides, top - left, bottom - right and change direction.
- Tingling of lips and surrounding area.
- Pressing on the lips with circular movements.
- Light finger spanks.
This complex is repeated several times in one session.
Hands
The fingers and the entire surface of the palm are worked on separately. The fingers are massaged from tip to base. It's best to start with the little finger.
- Massaging your fingers, pressing on the pads, increasing the pressure.
- The poem “The White-sided Magpie”, familiar from childhood, will help you work out your entire palm. Offer your child self-massage in verse.
- Draw a spiral on your palm with your finger, from the center to the edge.
- Stock up on a rubber ball with spikes (su-jok) and roll it over the baby’s palm, invite him to roll it between his palms. You can also use a special “Hedgehog” brush to work on nerve endings.
- Pour cereal into a plate different sizes and dip your fingers into it.
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