Non-state educational institution
Higher professional education
Faculty of Economics
Department of Economics and Information Technologies
Test
By discipline: GMA economy
Option 1
Performed :
Group :
Checked : ____________
Nizhnevartovsk
2010
Introduction ....................................................................................... 3.
1. The basis and development of KHMAO ........................................... ............ 4
Conclusion ............................................................................ ... .. 12
List of used literature .................................................... 13Introduction
Located in the central part of the West Siberian lowland, the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous District is currently presenting a major administrative-territorial education, which is the subject of the federation and the most important in many demographic and economic parameters in the region of the Russian North.
The Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous District occupies the first place for oil production, the second - to generate electricity, on the shower production of industrial products, on investments in fixed assets, the third - on gas production, etc. The share of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug accounts for approximately the tenth of the tax revenues to the All-Russian budget.
It is not by chance that in the representation of many Russians the concept of "Khanty-Mansi Autonomous District" and "Oil" - synonyms. But such a presentation has a negative side - it seems that in the KhMAO "Life originated" only after the opening of oil storage rooms and, accordingly, after their emptying, everything will not be necessary for anyone who is not necessary, deserted, swampy territory. Such a one-sided look is not just erroneous, even dangerous, forcing people predatoryly belongs to everything that falls in sight.
But the first traces of the person's stay belong to the mid-stone century, people lived here, led the farm, putting tremendous labor in the development of these lands.
To understand why we are here, why we have all this and how we should dispose of this wealth, it would be nice to look back in time, for who does not know their story, there is no future.
The basis and development of KHMAO
The historical name of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug - Ugra.
The first written message about the people inhabiting "at semi-street countries" was recorded in the "Tale of Bygone Years" in 1096. The chronicle tells about the unknown people of Ugra - (Ostyaki (Khanty), Voguli (Mansi) - with whom Russian pioneers collided. The neighbors of Yugryach are first mentioned in the story - Selfie (Nenets). The XII - XIII century is marked in the chronicles with fairly frequent hits of Novgorod to Yugru For the collection of Dani - Fur Sobility, Mornostayev, Sands and Protein. The demand for expensive fur in Russia did not have dried up.
Finally, Siberia was attached to the Moscow State after the legendary campaign of Ermak Timofeevich. By falling in the fall of 1582 Khan Kuchum and taking the capital of the Siberian Khanate Soviet, Ermak at the end of the winter of 1583 sends a small detachment of the Cossacks down the Irtysh. The detachment headed by Pentecost Bogdan Bryazgoy (for other information - Ataman Nikita Pan), passing through the lands of the Kondinsky-Pelem Vogulov, went to the "walls" of Samarov town. Castled the sudden attack of the Cossacks, the ssytya retreated. Prince of Belogorsk Principality was killed - Samar.
A little later, after the death of Ermak, in the fall of 1585, the Cossacks under the leadership of Voivod Ivan Mansurov founded in the mouth of Irtysh on the right bank of Obi, the first Russian fortified settlement - the Orsk town. Thus, the Mansiysk and Khanty Lands were part of the Russian state, which was finally enshrined in 1592 the foundation of the cities of Pelima, Berezov, and in 1594 - Surgut.
The towns that appeared in the Obsk North began to serve the place of trade. Special stations emerged on the most lively directions - "pits". In 1637, two pit were arranged - Demyansky and Samarovsky (now G. Khanty-Mansiysk).
In order to establish new orders and economic development of the rich in the natural resources of the region, the Siberian province was established in 1708 (the Siberian province was established (they included the cities of Berezov, Surgut). In 1775, the decree of Catherine II created Tobolsk province.
For the history of the region, the glory of the references of state criminals was entrusted. In the Berezovsky district, Prince Dmitry Romodanovsky was served, in 1742 - Count Andrei Osterman, in 1798 - a numerous family of princes of dolvalukov. In the land of Berezovskaya, the ashes of Prince Menshikov and his daughter Mary rests in these places. After the events in the Senate Square, the Decembrists referred here.
Administrative management and execution of judicial functions among the peoples of the North was carried out on the basis of the Charter of Speransky "On the Office of Siberia Foreigns", approved in 1822.
The nature of the economy of the Ob-Irtysh North at the turn of the XIX-XX centuries. Defined both the peculiarities of natural climatic conditions and a relatively low population density. The main means of the message served river transport. Started in the middle of the XIX century. The movement of steamers was becoming more intense. In 1859, under Ob and Irtysh, there were 7 steamers, in 1904 - 107, and in 1913 - already 220.
In 1909, a telegraph line was laid in Samarovo, in 1913 it reached Berezov and Surgut.
The Ob-Irtysh Severian industry was represented by several semi-walled fish conservation institutions. Agricultural production in the northern conditions reduced to vegetable growing and animal husbandry. The main occupation of the northerners was fishing, hunting for animals and birds, collecting cedar nuts, fungi and berries.
In 1918, Tobolsk province was renamed Tyumen, the provincial center was postponed to Tyumen. In 1923, the province, counties, parishes were abolished. Ural region, Tobolsky district and districts are formed: Berezovsky, Surgutsky, Samarovsky, Kondinsky.
On December 10, 1930, the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee adopted a resolution "On the organization of national associations in the areas of the settlement of small nationalities of the North". The decision provided for the creation of 8 national districts, including Ostyako-Vogulsky (Khanty-Mansiysky).
In connection with the abolition of the Tobolsky district, a refinement occurred as part of the borders of the Khanty-Mansiysk and Yamalo-Nenets national districts. The Khanty-Mansi Autonomous District was formed as part of the Berezovsky (Center R.P. Berezovo), Mikoyanovsky (Central Condo region), Kondinsky (center of Nakhrathi), Samarovsky (Center Samarovo), Surgut (Center R.P. Surgut), Larryaksky (Center Larry).
The Khanty-Mansiysk National District received the status of autonomous in 1977
In 1993, the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous District received the status of a full-fledged constituency of the Russian Federation under Article 65 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation.
In accordance with the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of July 25, 2003 No. 841, the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous District was renamed Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug - Ugra.
On September 21, 1953, the Berezovskaya Superior Well (Berezovo - the village in the north of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug) gave a powerful fountain of natural gas. From this time, the development of the Great West Siberian Oil and Gas Province is conducted.
This event has radically changed the face of Ugra - territory where the oil rivers of Russia are born.
The history of the development of Ugra after the opening of large oil can be divided into three unequal phases.
The first is the period of primary development and increasing production of hydrocarbon raw materials. The period of ambitious projects, the analogs in the world there were not, records affecting the imagination - the opening of the samotlor, the exit to the level of production of 1 million tons of oil per day, the gasket of oil pipelines and roads for impassable swamps, the construction of cities where they never had, and t. d.
During these years, dozens of industries and ministries of the country have been commissioned in Ugra, all the efforts of which were aimed at finding and extracting more oil, lay more pipelines, etc., etc. At the same time, issues of conservation of ecological equilibrium in a fragile natural environment The North of Siberia into account, as a rule, was not accepted. "Industries, like wolves, break the single fabric of Siberia," wrote at that time the magazine "Eco" about the situation in the north of Western Siberia.
It was a difficult period in the life of the indigenous population of Ugra, especially the aboriginal peoples of the North, living in this territory.
In the early 1990s, the second period of district development began. He became an independent subject of the Russian Federation - as part of the Tyumen region. Changes in Russian legislation made it possible to accumulate significant financial resources in the district and direct them to implement the autonomous districts of projects and programs developed by the Government and adopted by the Duma. The socio-economic sphere of Ugra began to grow rapidly, the possibility of the opportunity missed for many decades.
The Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous District - Ugra, celebrated in September 2004, the extraction of eight-billion tons of oil, entered the third development period associated with the redistribution of part of funds to the federal and regional budgets and part of the authority - to the level of the Tyumen region.
The principal task for regional authorities was the correct placement of priorities. The main task of its activities has determined the increase in the standard of living of the population, the creation of such conditions so that people do not feel flawed.
The essence (and complexity) of the problem is that our people have been forced for a long time to infringe on themselves in all - in terms of housing, social and living conditions. Meanwhile, during the years of development of the territory of the Autonomous Okrug, the number of people living here increased ten times, their needs increased.
Given all this, formulated the main areas of social development of the territory that are still implemented.
In the district, a whole network of sports facilities is developed, a number of programs for working with indigenous small peoples are being implemented.
A large feature of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous District is:
the sustainable position of the branches of the social sphere of life, especially the social protection of the population, its medical care, as well as the construction of the social facilities and the housing of the district's population.
Problems and prospects
The KMAO - mono-industry region, where more than 57% of Russian oil is produced, so the fuel industry is dominated in the sectoral structure of the economy (almost 90% of VRP). But this situation is at all happy about the leadership of the district. Recognizing the extreme dependence on oil, the GMAO authorities seek to diversify their economy. In this regard, investment projects in other industries are now actively being developed. According to the task, by 2025, the share of oil in the GRP should be reduced to 50%.
At the moment, numerous social problems are added to the problem of the dependence of the incomes of the district from world oil prices. The main of them: a huge income inequality, the problems of the employment of young people after the completion of education, the problems of the low-quality housing deficiency, as well as the shortage of seats in preschool institutions and the overload of schools due to the displacement of the priorities of the authorities' investment policy towards more prestigious status objects.
Housing problem is most acute. The share of diet housing is high enough (8%) and is located at the level of the most underdeveloped autonomous districts and the republics of the country, the problem of phenolic housing (built from poor-quality building materials) has not been solved. The provision of housing in the KHMAO is 20% lower than the country and is only 16.7 square meters. m per person, and in younger cities (Nyagan, Langepas, Pyt-Yakh), Beloyarsk and Nizhnevartovsky district - 12-14 square meters. m per person. At the same time, as noted above, large funds are spent on status structures, especially in Khanty-Mansiysk - cultural, sports centers, airport - which even in the remote run will not be used on planned power.
Nevertheless, as they say, "not so bad". KHMAO - the only example of an autonomous district in Russia, more economically more developed and having a greater population compared to its "maternal" territory (Tyumen region) - 1.5 million people in KHMA against 1.3 million people in the Tyumen region (on early 2006). This situation was only in the 1990s, when the oil-producing district was able to use the advantages of independent disposal of financial resources. The volume of GRP KHMAO is 8 times more than the Tyumen region (without autonomous districts), 1.5 times higher than the GRP of the entire Far East and is almost equal to the Southern Federal District. But most of the product produced is redistributed by the federal center, so the actual final consumption of HMAO households is only 15% of the GRP (on average on the subjects of the Russian Federation - 61%). At the same time, investments in the development of the district's economy are very high: in terms of investment in the fixed capital, KHMA is inferior only to the capital of the country, and almost 70% of investments fall on private owners. In the industry, investments in industry dominate the industry, as large oil companies invest significant funds to ensure the growth of oil production.
As in all northern regions, the level of economic activity of the population of the district is significantly higher than the national average. Nevertheless, due to the monopropophone of the economy, the labor market, the HMAO reacts more strongly to any changes as negative and positive. Since the KHMA has already become a cured territory in which life is seriously equipped, it is extremely necessary to increase post-industrial functions to stabilize development. Employment structure should change towards the service economy, the development of business and consumer services, otherwise, with new shocks in the global oil market, social problems in the KHMA will be much more sharp than in the country as a whole .
First of all, in the diversification projects of the district's economy, it is planned to develop a mining cluster, since in addition to oil, the county is extremely rich in various solid minerals. Thus, in the territory of the KHMAO there are deposits of super-free quartz sand (serving raw materials for the production of semiconductors), the largest industrial coal reserves (650 million tons), iron ore (550 million tons), chromium ores (15 million tons), are also confirmed here. Copper ores (20 million tons), there are considerable volumes of bauxite, manganese, gold, uranium and other minerals.
The next promising direction in the diversification of the economy of the KHMAO is the petrochemical industry - after all, large oil volumes are produced in the region, and it will be logical to recycle at least part of the raw materials in the region. At the moment there are two projects - the construction of a plant for the production of high-quality road bitumen (capacity of more than 100 thousand tons of bitumen per year) on the basis of the Wangean field of heavy oil, as well as the construction of a GPZ (in the district of Surgut) for the processing of associated gas to methanol. Another direction of diversification of the GMAO economy is a timber-critical complex - the construction of a large CBC is planned in the region, in addition, more minor wood processing enterprises are developing. And finally, another important direction of the development of the economy of the KhMAO - innovation and, in particular, the development of information and space technologies. Yugorsky Research Institute of Information Technologies is most active in this area.
As for projects directly in the field of oil production, then following the optimistic forecasts of the Government of the KhMAO, in the coming years, mining in the region will grow. This, of course, encourages, but there are also unsolved questions. For example, as under the existing conditions (when all serious levers of influence on the formation of the further dynamics of oil production in the district to date largely exhausted) to achieve predicted results? After all, it is necessary for this, firstly, to preserve the volume of operational drilling achieved in 2006 on the GMA, significantly increasing them according to the new largest fields (Priobskoye, South Priobskoye, Tylakovsky, Prirazlogo, Saliam Group and others). Secondly, improving the use of a bored well foundation. Because if, for example, at OJSC Surgutneftegaz at the end of 2006, one non-working well accounted for more than 12 working, then in LUKOIL-Western Siberia LLC - 6.5, and in TNK-BP Management (in KHMA) - Only 1.4 wells. In general, the proportion of the non-working wells in the district should be brought to 10% (now, for example, in the TNK-BP fields, it exceeds 40%.). It is also important to launch the mechanism of transferring deposits from the unallocated subsoil fund in the territory of KMAO subsoil users. This will allow you to enter about 800 million tons of oil reserves. It is also important to make amendments to the tax legislation of Russia, actually stimulating the input to the industrial operation of new, rigorous reserves in the old developed oil-producing areas of the country, to which the KHMAO belongs.
The export of liquid hydrocarbons will remain in the near future the main source of foreign trade foreign exchange earnings and, consequently, the main source of CHMAO financing.
On the one hand, this is the source of economic leadership of the territory, and on the other hand, concentrates the overwhelming part of all available material, financial, labor resources, deforms the economic system of the region and is experiencing an uncontrollable influence of world markets. The undoubted threat is to increase the share of the fuel and commodity sector, the formation of an economic model based on the export of fuel and raw materials and import equipment, food and consumption items, which can lead to the conquest of the domestic market of Russia by foreign firms .
Other industries are presented mainly by the enterprises of the initial stage of the technological cycle, take an insignificant place in the structure of the district economy. The inconsistency of the current situation and the uncertainty of the prospects for the development of the main sectors of economic specialization significantly limits the possibilities of developing the district
Conclusion
Thus, the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous District exists almost all conditions for further development - and raw materials (and diverse), and projects for the extraction and processing of this raw material, and, most importantly, the desire of the district leadership is finally exit from the "oil and gas king" by diversification of its economy. So now, as they say, "It remains for small" - to make a conceived, that is, nevertheless turn the economy of the region into a multidiscipline and thus less dependent on world oil prices.
List of used literature .
1. All-Russian Economic Journal "Eco" No. 12, 2004
2. "The Concept of National Security of the Russian Federation", approved by the Decrees of the President of the Russian Federation of December 17, 1997 No. 1300 and on January 10, 2000 No. 24
3. Crying L.I. Trends, problems and development prospects – 62 p.4. www.admhmao.ru/Economic/strateg/Konzepz.htm.
5. www.hmao.wsnet.ru.
www.hmao.wsnet.ru. All-Russian Economic Journal "Eco" № 12, 2004 Crying L.I. Trends, problems and development prospectsmonofunctional northern cities of the Russian Federation (on the example of the regional system of the KHMAO estimation): preprint. Ekaterinburg: Publishing House of URGS, 2005. – 62 p. "The Concept of the National Security of the Russian Federation", approved by the Decrees of the President of the Russian Federation of December 17, 1997 No. 1300 and on January 10, 2000 No. 24 www.admhmao.ru www.hmao.wsnet.ru.The economy of the city of Khanty-Mansiysk is a socio-oriented nature, serving the needs of the population and economic entities. At the same time, a favorable environment is created in the city to modernize the enterprises of the municipal sector and the creation of small manufacturing industries.
The city has an increase in production volumes of activity "Production and distribution of electricity, gas and water", which is explained by an increase in population, the introduction of additional premises of residential buildings and objects of the social sphere.
Among processing industries, indicators on the wood processing industry and the production of wood products are growing.
Increases its activities fishing factor. The area of \u200b\u200bthe plant stores is increasing, a greenhouse economy is built.
A construction industry is making a great contribution to the implementation of the economic potential of the territory, as to the systematic increase in the volume of work and services performed over the past years. Commissioning of large volumes of housing (1.45 square meters per person) allows construction organizations to create large amounts of value added and reinvest part of revenue into new construction projects.
A favorable investment environment has been created in Khanty-Mansiysk. In the ranking of investment attractiveness, the city occupies a leading position among the municipalities of the Autonomous Okrug. The investment portfolio of the city of Khanty-Mansiysk includes 92 investment projects with a total investment capacity of 67 billion rubles.
A significant factor in the development of economic potential is the city transport system. The construction of the road in the eastern direction from Khanty-Mansiysk, as well as the construction of a bridge across the Irtysh River in the western part of the city, made it possible to provide regular transport links between the district capital and other territories of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug - Ugra, as well as the cities of the Urals and Siberia. Further expansion of the transport network and the construction of logistics centers can give the city a certain development potential, however, in terms of the planned freight volumes, it is necessary to establish growth limits in order not to disturb the favorable environmental situation and the comfort of living in the city. In Khanty-Mansiysk, it is planned to develop water logistics, given the existing river port capacities and weak competition in this respect by other cities of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug - Ugra.
In general, the implementation of the economic potential of the city of Khanty-Mansiysk creates conditions for the growth of the local budget revenues. The budget balance allows the city does not just implement the authority to address local issues, but also to ensure the development of all key spheres of vital activity.
Indicators of the economic and investment activity of the city of Khanty-Mansiysk
In 2015, 13 state programs of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug - Ugra and 26 municipal programs of the city of Khanty-Mansiysk were implemented in the city of Khanty-Mansiysk.
As part of the implementation of 26 municipal programs for 2015, the achievement of 292 indicators was provided. 246 indicators are exceeded by planned values. The average percentage of the achievement of values \u200b\u200bof indicators for all municipal programs is 100%.
The municipal program "Development of individual sectors of the city of Khanty-Mansiysk for 2016-2020" was developed in 2015 to achieve the strategic goals of the city of Khanty-Mansiysk, such as: increasing the role of entrepreneurship in the economy of the city of Khanty-Mansiysk, ensuring food security; Increase investment activity in the city of Khanty-Mansiysk; Creating working conditions that ensure the preservation of the life and health of employees in the process of work.
Industrial products of the city are represented by four sections of the economic classification of the main branches of activity:
production and distribution of electricity, gas and water;
processing production;
fishing, fish farming;
provision of other services.
The largest share in industrial production is occupied by enterprises for the production, transmission and distribution of electricity, gas and water - 93.1%.
Processing manufacturing include: food production; pulp and paper production, publishing and printing activities; Manufacture of other non-metallic mineral products (concrete production, paving slabs and bricks); Textile and sewing production (repair and tailoring of products for individual orders, and the provision of services for the repair of household appliances). The volume of shipped goods, performed works and services in this area for 2015 amounted to 501.1 million rubles, increased by 22.9% for the year
The volume of production and services rendered to the type of activity "Fisheries, Fishery" for 2015 amounted to 96.5 million rubles, which is higher than 2014 almost 3 times. The representative of the industry "Fisheries, fish farming" among large and medium-sized enterprises is OJSC Rybobobabinat Khanty-Mansiysky. The volume of production and services provided to this enterprise is 30.8 million rubles.
Fish catch increased by 29.4% and amounted to 549.4 tons, 1008.9 tons of fish produced, which exceeds the indicators of the same period of 2014 by 32.0%.
Demography.
As of January 1, 2016, 73 municipal organizations are taken into account in the Register of Municipal Property of the city of Khanty-Mansiysk:
46 budgetary institutions;
9 state institutions;
5 municipal enterprises;
3 autonomous institutions;
10 local governments and authorities of the city administration.
In 2015, the trend of increasing the value of municipal property was preserved due to the acquisition, construction of facilities, as well as the redistribution of powers between the levels of the authorities of the municipal property included 458.3 thousand units of a total cost of 68,88 million rubles. (As of January 1, 2015, the total cost - 67 195 million rubles), the value of the property increased by 1.5%.
Objects of municipal property included in the register of municipal property are enshrined at municipal enterprises on the principle of economic management (11.09%), municipal institutions on the right of operational management (18.38%), and also make up the treasury of the city (70.53%).
The total area of \u200b\u200breal estate located in the register of municipal property (with the exception of land plots) is 464.8 thousand square meters, including: in economic management - 55.1 thousand square meters, in operational management - 201, 5 thousand square meters, in the municipal execution of -208.2 thousand sq.m.
In 2015, 721 units of property were leased, compared with 2014, the number of property transferred for rent increased by 48 units (in 2014 - 673 units), including:
685 units of movable property;
19 units of heat supply networks;
15 non-residential premises, with a total area of \u200b\u200b2.3 thousand sq.m, including 14 units of boiler rooms.
In 2015, 6 non-residential premises were transferred to free use, with a total area of \u200b\u200b9.1 thousand sq.m.
During 2016, it is planned:
Conduct control measures for the purpose of the objects of municipal property transmitted for rent, at gratuitous use, in economic management and operational management;
Conducting measures to reduce the size of the preferential coefficient from 0.8 to 0.5, in order to support small and medium-sized businesses when calculating the rental fee for the use of non-residential premises in municipal property and submitted.
Labor potential
An important factor determining the labor potential of the city is the high proportion of the working age population.
Thanks to the intensive development of small and medium-sized businesses, several hundred new jobs is created annually in Khanty-Mansiysk. An increasing increase in the average number of employees is observed in agriculture, fishing and fish farming, hotel and restaurant business.
The offer of workplaces is often ahead of the demand for labor, which predetermines the low values \u200b\u200bof the coefficient of tension in the labor market.
The city has the opportunity to create temporary jobs for the employment of young people. Labor detachments are formed, including a city youth service detachment, whose function is to ensure mass events in the city.
Migrants make up a special part of the labor potential of the city. Among the migrants, there is a lot of interest to individuals with higher and secondary special education, which strengthens the employment potential of the territory.
Standards of living
One of the main macroeconomic indicators of the standard of living is the income of the population. According to the results of 2015, the average per capita income amounted to 47,590.44 rubles.
The achieved level of monetary incomes of the population allows for more than three budgets of the subsistence minimum, which is 14,350.0 rubles.
In 2015, the average monthly salary of one working in the organizations of the city amounted to 67,300.4 rubles.
The average monthly pension of one pensioner according to the state institution Department of the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation in the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug - Ugra in the city of Khanty-Mansiysk in 2015 amounted to 19,605,89 rubles.
Budget city
In order to ensure the balance of the budget, the timely execution of the adopted consumables in the municipality was developed a plan of measures for income growth and the optimization of the budget expenditures of the city of Khanty-Mansiysk, providing for the achievement of the budget effect in 2015 by the amount of 185.5 million rubles.
The budget of the city of Khanty-Mansiysk in 2015 retained the social orientation, 52% of the budget expenditures are aimed at the functioning of the social sphere: education, culture, physical culture and sports, social policy.
The proportion of the cost of the budget of the city, formed on the basis of municipal programs, from 25% in 2011 increased to 98.4% in 2015.
Municipal order
Currently, the city has been implemented in the city to transition to the contract system of the city of Khanty-Mansiysk, aimed at improving the efficiency of the use of budget funds, to ensure the fulfillment of the requirements of the legislation of the Russian Federation in the field of procurement.
In 2015, elements were implemented as the introduction of the municipal information system of the city of Khanty-Mansiysk, integrated with the automated budget information system and a unified information system in the field of procurement, which ensured operational control over the planning and implementation of procurement and the possibility of placing schedules in Structured form already in 2015.
One of the main tools to improve the efficiency of budget use is the procurement planning. The plan of the municipal procurement of the city of Khanty-Mansiysk for 2015 amounted to 2,672,048.7 thousand rubles.
The structure of the plan for 2015 according to the methods of procurement is as follows:
In accordance with this plan for 2015, the procurement of goods, works, services for the provision of municipal needs in the amount of 2,479,778.4 thousand rubles was carried out.
In the total procurement, the share of procurement made by competitive methods is 77.5%, auctions in electronic form - 68.6%.
In order to further support the subjects of small businesses, socially oriented non-commercial organizations (hereinafter - SMP, Sonko), procurement was carried out in such organizations in the amount of 36.1% of the cumulative annual procurement volumes at a rate of 25% recommended by the Offion of the Autonomous District Government of December 12, 2014 of the year
No. 671-RP "On Plan of Events (Road Map) to ensure a favorable investment climate in the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug-Ugra."
Information on the share of procurement in %%, implemented in small businesses, socially oriented non-profit organizations for 2011-2015 is presented in the diagram.
The strategic planning system of the city is a coordinated interaction of participants in strategic planning in the implementation of the development and implementation of strategic planning documents.
In order to ensure consistency in the priorities of socio-economic development and the intended development goals of the municipality and the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug - Ugra in 2015, the main document of strategic planning for the long-term period is updated - the strategy of the socio-economic development of the city of Khanty-Mansiysk until 2020 and for the period Until 2030 (decision of the city of Khanty-Mansiysk dated 30.03.2015 No. 633 - V RD).
The strategy of the socio-economic development of the city of Khanty-Mansiysk until 2020 and for the period up to 2030 (hereinafter referred to as the strategy) defines a system of long-term goals, the most important areas of activity, priorities of socio-economic development and the mechanisms for achieving targeted goals.
Based on the identified resources of development and competitive advantages of the city, the strategy is aimed at improving the investment attractiveness of the territory, asks the start of the new twist of the development of the fields of education, culture, tourism, will ensure more comfortable conditions for the life of citizens.
The actualized version of the strategy is in a certain relationship with the initially approved option and is reflected in the comprehensive program of socio-economic development of the city of Khanty-Mansiysk until 2020, which is the main mechanism of its implementation through the execution of state and municipal activities.
General
The Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous District is the subject of the Russian Federation. The district is an original place for residence of the indigenous peoples of Khanty and Mansi Mansiysk, Yugorsk, the territory of Beloyarsky, Berezovsky, Kondinsky, Nefteyugansky, Nizhnevartovsky, Oktyabrsky, Soviet, Surgut, Khanty-Mansiysk districts, towns, villages, village councils and other settlements located within the limits of listed areas.
Total municipal formations-22. The administrative center of the district is the city of Khanty-Mansions to. The number of cash in the county on 01.01.99 -1369.6 thousand. Man (preliminary data).
The territory of the district covers an area of \u200b\u200b534.8 thousand square meters.
Anty-Mansiysk Autonomous District is located in the middle part of Russia. He occupies the central part of the West Siberian Plain.
The geographical location of the county between 58 and 62 degrees of northern latitude. From the north to the south district extends 900 km from the west to the east of 1400 km. The length of the external borders of the district is 4750 km.
The district is located within the same natural zone - forest. The main part of the district occupies a very wetrated taiga. Among the swamps and forests are more than 25 thousand lakes.
On the territory of the district from the south to North, the two largest rivers of Russia - Ob and Irtysh flow. In addition, the most significant rivers of the district are inflows of Ob: Wah, Agan, Tromotegan, Big Yugan, Lyamin, Pim, Large Salym, Nazim, Northern Society, Kazim; Irtysh's tributaries: the rivers of the Conda, Sogh. Water mode of rivers is characterized by a stretched spring-summer flood. Spring water, spilling over the wide floors of rivers, form extensive grades. In winter, the rivers freeze for a long period - up to 6 months. The formation of climate has significant influence: the protection of the territory from the West Ural Range; Openness of the territory from the north, contributing to the penetration of cold Arctic masses; The plain nature of the terrain with a large number of rivers, lakes and swamps.
The climate of the district is sharply continental, characterized by a rapid change of weather conditions especially in transition periods - from autumn to winter and from spring by summer, as well as during the day. Winter is harsh and long-lasting with a steady snow cover, summer short and relatively warm, transition seasons (spring, autumn) with late spring and early autumn frosts.
Basic dates of history The formation of the subject of the Russian Federation - the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug:
· 1708 - Siberian province of Peter I was established
(it includes the cities of Berezov, Surgut);
· 1775 - Decree Catherine II created Tobolsk province, which included almost all Western Siberia;
· 1918 - Tobolsk province was renamed Tyumen, and the provincial center was postponed to Tyumen;
· 1923 - abolished provisions, treasures, parish. Ural region, Tobolsky district and districts are formed: Berezovsky, Surgut, Samarovsky, Kondinsky;
· 1930 - Ostyako-Vogulsky (Khanty-Mansiysky) was formed by the VTCIK, the National District with the Center in C. Samarovo (Khanty-Mansiysk);
· 1934 - in connection with the disagreeition of the Ural region, Ob-Irtysk region was created with the center in Tyumen;
· 1934 - District was part of the Omsk region;
· 1944 - a decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, the Tyumen region was formed, which included the Khanty-Mansiysk National District;
· 1977 - the Khanty-Mansiysk National District received autonomous status;
· 1993 - Khanty-Mansiysk Autonous District received the status of a full subject of the Russian Federation under Article 65 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation.
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Symbols Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous District are coat of arms and county flag.
History mastering oil and gas fields.
It is not by chance that in the representation of many Russians, the concept of "Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous District" and "Oil" are perceived as synonyms - the district is the mainneftegasque area of \u200b\u200bthe country.
The presence of oil and gas on the territory of the district was predicted by academician I.M. Gubkin in 1934. Drilling of reference wells began in 1951. On September 21, 1953, the geological exploration well in Berezovo gave a powerful gas fountain, which was the beginning of the change in the life of the region and the economy of the whole country. The systematic conduct of geophysical and drilling work began in 1954. September 25, 1959 near the village of Shaim (the modern district of the city) was opened an oil-bearing reservoir with a daily production volume of over one ton on April 25, 1960 from the well R-7 at Muliamnskaya Square received The first industrial oil (daily flow rate of more than 10 tons).
In June 1960, a fountain of oil with a daily flow rate of 300 tons struck from the well of the R-6 of the Schay-Petroleum Omnial Expedition. The first industrial oil field in Siberia was opened.
Ust-Balykskoe, West Surgut, Pokora, Vatinskoe, Mammoth, Salym, Pravda and many other deposits were opened. In 1965, it became known about the opening of the Samotlorskoye field, which in the reserves of oil is among the top ten largest fields of the world. In 1964, the industrial exploitation of the Oil Deposits of the district began. In the 80s, about a million tons of oil was mined daily on the territory of the district.
The high rates of the development of the oil industry, construction, energy led to the rapid growth of the population (more than 1 million people in the last 30 years).
Built new cities. Geological exploration is developing, oil-producing and refineries are created. In a short time, the construction of petroleum gas pipelines, automotive and railways is underway.
With the transition to market reforms in the country in the early 1990s, significant changes and in the district economy occur. Until 1996, a decrease in oil production was reduced, then this process has stabilized. However, at present, due to the crisis-breaking crisis and reducing oil prices, the production volumes had to be reduced again. But the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous District is still the main fuel and energy base of the country.
Chapter I.
County economy in the period from 1990-98 and now. Features of the economy of the district.
1.1 Industry.
Over the ten-year period of reforms, the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous District not only did not pass, as it would be assumed, looking at the sad example of most other subjects of the federation, but in many respects strengthened its position. Currently, Khanty-Mansiysk OK UG in its economic potential is among the top ten constituent entities of the Russian
The Fed of Rationis occupies the first place for oil production, the second - to generate electricity, the third - for the extraction of gas.
It is in the oil industry and is the main feature of his development of the reform period. The specifics of the economy of the district are associated with the opening of richest oil and gas fields here. In the sectoral structure of industrial products of the district, the oil producing industry is 80.5%, and oil is currently almost the main source of state budget revenues. The export of oil and gas brings annually millions of dollars and most of these millions mined from the depths of the Ugra Earth. That is why KhMAO played in the USSR economy and plays in the Russian economy, one of the main roles.
In addition to the oil industry, the electric power industry is played in the district economy - 12.6%, gas processing - 5.6%, logging and woodworking industry - 0.4%, production of building materials - 0.4%.
The volume of industrial products manufactured at the 1997 County Enterprises amounted to 87 trillion.
From the table it is clear that the most unfavorable years, in terms of production, steel 91, 92, 93. During this period, the decline in production volumes and the relative deterioration in the overall picture of the district's economy was observed.
The main producers were and remain large and medium-sized enterprises (98.7%). Small businesses for 1997 produced industrial products by 1.1 trillion rubles, which is 1.3% of the entire industrial product produced in the district. The index index of the physical volume of production for 1997 rose from 97.6% in 1996 to 101.7%.
Production and refining of oil and gas.
As mentioned earlier, the main feature of the Mansiysk Autonomous District is that
the volume of oil retrieved from its subsoil is about 57% of the total oil produced in the Russian Federation, and about 5% of world production. 40 joint-stock enterprises are engaged in the territory of the district of oil and gas mining and gas. Large suppliers of hydrocarbon raw materials - Joint-stock oil companies: "LUKOIL - Western Siberia", "Surgutneftegaz", "Yukos", "Tyumen Oil Company", "Sidanko", "Slavneft".
Thanks to the legislative framework that appeared during the years of reforms, regulating the admission of foreign capital to the Russian economy, enterprises with foreign investments were created in the district. The largest joint ventures include "White Nights", "Wangeanneft", "Chernogorsk", "Vatul".
Passing oil gas is processed by the Joint-Stock Company "Sibneftegazperobotka", which includes 8 factories with a total processing of over 16 billion cubic meters of gas per year. Powered and intelligence minerals in the district are engaged in geological and geophysical enterprises.
In 1998, 166.7 million tons of oil and 18.7 billion cubic meters were produced on the territory of the district, which constitutes 99% and 99.9%, respectively to the level of 1997. The price of oil in 1998 decreased by an external market by 40%, in the internal - by 20%. A sharp deterioration in the conjunctures of the global oil market and effective oil demand for oil in the domestic market forced the management of companies to begin implementation of measures involving a noticeable reduction in costs (reducing capital construction, drilling, well-repair of wells).
Prospects.
For 1999, the fall in oil production volumes due to the consequences of the 1998 financial crisis, as well as planned decrease in production related to the natural deterioration in the quality of reserves in the fields operated by the deposits, is predicted.
Currently, liaison with military actions in Iraq and the Balkan crisis, global oil produced decreased, which provoked an increase in oil prices. This pleasant news for County oil companies, it would seem that could somewhat smooth the consequences of the crisis and change the planned situation. However, most experts converge that new oil rolling will not affect the overall picture of the declining production volumes.
The numbers really talk about a constant, steady decline in production: a schedule of oil production growth rates:
Electric power industry
The Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous District created one of the largest electric power complexes in the country. Surgut GRES-1 and GRES-2 are the largest electricity producers in Europe. Nizhnevartovskaya 
GRES and Surgut GRES work on passing gas.
The energy system of the district gives electricity to the federal wholesale market in 57 of the energy systems of Russia and exports to 5 states (Latvia, Ukraine, Moldova, Kazakhstan, Belarus). The length of 35-500 kV VL, passing through the district, is more than 12 thousand km on the highway. Transformer substations with voltage from 110 to 500 kV - 381 pcs., Voltage from 10 to 35 kV-2000 pcs.
Prospects.
The crisis in the global oil market affected the electricity production. In 1998, in general, 50633 million square meters were developed in the district. Electricity, which corresponds to the level of 1997. In 1998, compared to 1990, electricity was produced by 17.6% less. Reducing the level of electricity production is planned in the future. This is due to the lack of market market due to reducing electricity consumption by oil and gas producing enterprises.
Forest complex
The timber-sensitive complex of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug is represented by the forestry and woodworking industry.
The location of building materials (window and door blocks, railings, staircase marches) are established in the area (window and door blocks), the production of planed molds (sex rack, the board is trimmed, platbands, plinth, figured rail), furniture production.
More than thirty large and medium-sized logging enterprises are engaged in logging in the district. Since the beginning of the 90s, the volume of wood harvesting annually decreased. There was a gap of existing economic ties, the traditional sales markets were lost. In 1997, with a settlement cutter, 22.7 million cubic meters. M Cocrent enterprises were harvested only 2.6 million cubic meters. m.
In general, in the area of \u200b\u200bthe enterprises of the timber industry complex produced in 1997 by the year of commercial products by 309.3 billion rubles. Production of the most important types of products in physical terms amounted to: Business Wood - 1226 thousand cubic meters. m, sawn timber - 312 thousand cubic meters. m, sleepers - 441.8 thousand pieces., Joinery - 66.7 thousand cubic meters. m.
In the first half of 1998, compared with the corresponding period of 1997, an increase in the production of all types of products was achieved.
The release of better, competitive products has been established. Enterprises, who managed to adapt to new market conditions, replace the old worn equipment new on the basis of progressive technologies. But at the same time, the technical re-equipment of logging enterprises is slower, which can later serve as one of the limiting factors for an increase in production in woodworking. The lack of raw materials for the woodworking industry is already felt in the Surgut and Nefteugan regions.
Due to the remoteness of the region from consumers of wood raw materials, the workpiece and delivery of it for the reason for high transportation costs has become unprofitable. Therefore, questions of increasing the volume of processing of wood through the construction of new enterprises have paramount importance for the timber industry complex.
Prospects.
The most promising direction of the development of the timber industry complex in the district is the creation of a forestry industry. The Joint Stock Company "Higrobum" (St. Petersburg) on \u200b\u200bbehalf of the Administration of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug conducted a study of the technical capabilities and economic feasibility of construction in the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous District of the pulp-cardboard plant. Work in this direction will be continued.
Despite the fact that the share of products of the timber industry complex amounted to only 0.4% of industrial production produced in the district, the industry has good prospects for further development, and its importance for the district economy will increase.
Production of building materials.
Five house-building plants, three brick factory, two concrete products manufacturing enterprises, five building structures and materials are capable of producing 43.3 million cases of conditional brick, 900 thousand cubic meters of precast concrete.
Perspectives: It is planned to further intensive development of this industry, due to the demand for its products both in the domestic and foreign market.
1.2 Agriculture.
The restructuring of socio-economic relations in the agricultural sector has led to the deterioration in the situation in the industry in recent years. The number of enterprises engaged in the production of agricultural products has decreased. Not received proper development and farming.
In the period 90s - 97 years, the situation of agriculture in the district constantly worsened. The main indicators and production volumes decreased, and the planning position of the industry was aggravated by constant underfunding. But against the background of the general, catastrophic on the scale of the crisis of the country's agriculture, the state of enterprises of the agricultural sector of our district is relatively satisfactory. This is due to the good position of the district in a whole, the northern specifics of activity, as well as the fact that agriculture has never occupied leading positions in the district economy.
Currently, the agricultural sector of the district includes 117 enterprises and 720 peasant (farmer) farms.
During 1997, gross agricultural products amounted to 378.7 billion rubles or 100% of the total price of last year in comparable prices. The pricing prices increased in relation to the level of prices last year by 15%.
More than 60 enterprises are engaged in the extraction and processing of fish.
About 20 types of food fish products produce fish farmers and fishery. The largest of them are: OJSC "Siberian fish", MUP "Oktyabrsky Fish", OJSC "Surgut fish farter", PC "Berezovskaya fishing artel". The area of \u200b\u200bthe reservoirs in which the industrial catch of fish is maintained in the region is 5.8 million gg. The basis of the catch is a pike, carp, baking breeds of fish. The catch of valuable sigal fish breeds is 10% of the total catch.
The Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug occupies a leading position among the Northern Autonomous Districts of Russia in Cell Valvery. In twenty farms, silvery-black and red foxes, sands, mink, are sold annually more than 30 thousand skins. Leading animal farms: Casimsky state farm, National Company "Velpas", Sovzhoz "Karymsky", Condenin KZPH JSC.
Reindeer reindeer services are engaged in two state farms - "Saranpaulsky" and "Kazym". The total number of deer is more than 30 thousand heads.
As of 01.01.98, in the farms of all categories of cattle, there were 30.4 thousand holsters, pigs - 37.3 thousand heats, sheep and goats - 4 thousand heads. For 1997, meat was produced in all categories of farms (cattle and birds at slaughter in the live weight) of 11305 tons, which is 96% of the total volume of last year, produced by milk 33888 tons or 94%.
More than 60 enterprises are engaged in animal husbandry. Up to 70% of milk is made by municipal and subsidized agricultural enterprises. More than 3,500 kg of milk from the fuzzy cow each year is obtained in MUP "Agricken", JV "Yugorskoe". Clauses for the processing of livestock production in MUP "Agronika", MUP "Soviet Northern", JSC "Sovzhoz Kondinsky" are constructed.
The foundation of the county of the district is 6 poultry farm with a shared population of 30000 churls. The population of the district annually receives more than 40 million eggs.
A somewhat better position was in 1997 in crop production. Sowing crops have increased in personal subsidiary farms and amounted to 7.4 thousand agents, including 6.2 thousand hectares to potatoes. At the 1996 level, the volume of product sales was preserved.
Sowing areas of the district occupy 11.3 thousand. The main branches of crop production in the district - potatoes and vegetable growing. Gross potato collection - 22692 centner, vegetables - 140000 centners. Most of the potatoes and vegetables are grown in personal subsidiary and farms.
The production of vegetables in the closed soil is engaged in the utility farms of Surgut, Urai, Ugrask and the Surgut region. Potatoes are grown by JSC "Peasant Dvor", state farm "Rebolovsky" Khanty-Mansiysk district.
The private form of property prevails on the village. In the non-state sector in 1997, 90% of the total potato, 94% of vegetables were produced.
Prospects.
In the future, it is not seen to improve the situation, because The possibilities of the domestic market are reduced, the purchasing power of the population falls. Budget reduction and as a result of this - a reduction in subsidies for the development of agriculture and a number of other negative factors - all this does not give reason to suggest improvements in the situation and stability of the agricultural sector.
But in addition to the reasons directly related to the economic crisis, it should be noted that the development of agriculture is constrained by a number of basic factors, among which the monopolism of procurement organizations and processing enterprises can be distinguished, high prices for the means of production and services, low labor productivity on agricultural enterprises.
1.3 Investments.
For the last difficult years of economic reforms, the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous District not only retained one of the highest production and financial potential among regions of the Russian Federation, but also takes on these indicators a steady second place.
In 1994-1998 Thanks to institutional, infrastructure transformations in the autonomous district managed to significantly change (raise) such components of an investment rating as innovative potential, institutional and employment potential.
As a result, in three years, the integral investment rating of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug rose from 45 (1996) to 6 (1998).
If the traditionally high potential of the autonomous district in past years was combined with a high level of risk, then thanks to the great work in the district to form the legal framework for the support of investment activities, a well-thought-out policy of investing budget funds in the most dynamic sectors of the economy (intelligence and development of new mineral deposits), The development of favorable conditions for the creation and survival of small and medium-sized business orientation enterprises has significantly reduced the level of investment risk (34 points) and allowed the autonomous district to rise in the list of regions with the greatest risk reduction from 49 to 2nd place. The region retains a sustainable 2nd place after Moscow for the provision of regional budget by its own income. It takes the 11th place from 20 regions with the smallest downturn of the physical volume of production.
In 1997-1998 The autonomous district retains the leading 2nd place after Moscow in terms of capital investments, including in terms of the volume of direct and portfolio investments, primarily in the enterprise of the oil and gas industry.
Currently, the most attractive investments are branches of oil production, oil and gas processing, exploration and mining of solid minerals (gold, colored stones, optical quartz, etc.), a timber processing complex, which, due to the investment policy held in the district for the first time in 1998 31.7% exceeded the 1997 indicators.
Tasks and prospects.
From the foregoing it follows that the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous District has a high investment potential with moderate risk, which can be viewed as a potential pole of the growth of the Russian economy.
Thus, the rational combination of the possibilities of federal and regional legislation in the field of investment policy made it possible to create conditions for the formation of a favorable investment climate in the region and attracting investments in the real production sector. This indicates the large prospects for the development of investment and financial markets, both internal and external importance. This gives grounds to gently what the district administration is interested in attracting both domestic and foreign investments in the regional economy. To create a favorable investment climate in the region, the district administration is working to form a legal framework, stimulating the exploration and development of new mineral deposits.
The formation of the regulatory framework for creating an attractive investment climate in the district is one of the most important tasks, the decision of which pays attention to the governor and deputies of the Duma of the Autonomous Okrug. Developed regulations should be devoted to the consolidation of the legal principles of the functioning of the economic system of the region on the principles and conditions for conducting market policies.
The work on this issue is currently being carried out and the following documents have already become the result:
Law "On Investment Activities in Khanty-Mansiysk Autonom Nomocrug". According to this regulatory act, state support (investment favored mode) is carried out in the following forms:
Provision of funds from the district budget;
- provision of tax breaks;
- Providing a tax investment loan.
For investment entities - legal entities, newly created exclusively for the implementation of the investment project, the above law provides for a decline in payments (rates) for taxes credited to the district budget, as well as the territorial roadfund.
Agreement with the Federal Securities Commission:
On August 6, 1998, an agreement was signed in Khanty-Mansiysk between the Chairman of the Omsk Regional Office of the Federal Commission on Securities in Russia V.Yu. Sinugin and Governor of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug A.V. Filipenko. This document is intended to determine the procedure for coordinating actions related to the development and operation of the securities market in the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous District.
As part of the Agreement, the Regional Office of the Federal Commission on Securities in Russia and the Administration of the Autonomous District intend to interact in the development of market infrastructure.
Coordination of cooperation is assigned to the Omsk Regional Office of the Federal Commission on Securities in Russia.
The signing of this document once again testifies to the attention of the administration of the Autonomous Okrug to establish and the development of civilized relations in the securities market. Now the autonomous district can take advantage of the experience of the Federal Commission on Securities in attracting investments, strengthening financial security, forming a system for collecting and distributing all information to be disclosed and on many other issues.
All this confirms the serious interest of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous District to the creation of an effective investment climate in the region, accelerating the development of the regional securities market, etc.
1.4 Finance.
According to the State Tax Service, the most significant for the budget system of Russia are income from 11 constituent entities of the Russian Federation, whose contribution to the revenue part of the federal budget is more than 66%. These include Moscow (30.9% of the total amount of income), Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug (8.9%), Moscow Oblast (5.3%), Sverdlovskaya, Perm, Nizhny Novgorod, Samara region, St. Petersburg, Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Bashkortostan and Tatarstan (1.5 - 4.3%).
According to the results of 1997, the consolidated budget of the district is executed with a deficit of 681.4 billion rubles. The revenue part amounted to 28473.4 billion rubles, the consuming part - 29154.8 billion rubles. In the structure of revenues of the consolidated budget, the main part amounted to tax revenues - 86% (24514.3 billion rubles). When comparing the structure of the revenue of the budget for 1996 and 1997, it is clear that in 1997 the share of payments for the use of natural resources (by 10%), VAT (by 2%) increased; The share of property tax (by 4%) has decreased, income tax (by 2%), non-tax revenues (by 1%), income tax from individuals (by 2%) and other income (by 1%).
In the structure of the consolidated budget consolidated budget, the share of the cost of financing the sectors of the economy (by 4%), transport, communications and informatics (by 1%), decreased housing and utilities costs (by 5%), for education (by 2%), health care (on 3%); At the same level, the costs of state administration, social policy, agriculture and fisheries remained.
The volume of the County GDP in 1997 is estimated at 120 trillion. rubles or $ 21.5 billion, which corresponds to the total volume of financial turnover of $ 50-55 billion per year. Cash circulation in dollar equivalent is at least $ 11.5-12 billion per year. It is 3-5 times higher than the corresponding turnover volumes in the territories of most subjects of the Russian Federation.
In the territory of the district there are 19 resident banks and more than 90 branches of 24 largest banks in Russia. The total capital is about trillion rubles. Many banks have general licenses of the Central Bank of Russia. The largest banks of the district: "Surgutneftegazbank", "Capital", Khanty-Mansiysk Bank - are included in the list of the 100 largest banks in Russia.
Prospects.
The protracted financial and economic crisis of the Russian economy is natural and will continue to be negatively affected by the financial picture of the district. Planned revenues to the budget will be reduced due to the insolvency of enterprises and it is unlikely that the county budgets for 99-2000 will be fulfilled without a deficit of funds. Financial activities will largely depend on the situation in the oil market and world oil prices.
1.5 Foreign Economic Activities and Interregional Relations
The foreign economic activity of the district is a dynamically developing economy. In 1997, the district's enterprises conducted business cooperation with partner enterprises and organizations from 67 countries of the world.
The share of the district in the foreign trade turnover of Russia amounted to 3.2% in 1997. The total revenue from the export of goods and services of enterprises of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug for 1997 amounted to $ 3596.95 million. The import of goods and services in 1997 amounted to 775 million US dollars.
The geography of exporters precisely coincides with the basing of the largest oil-producing associations: 21% of the exports of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug fall on Surgut and Nizhnevartovsk, 19% - to Nefteyugansk, 13% on Cogalym.
Most of the exports occupy the products of the oil and gas complex. Enterprises of this industry are actively upgrading production processes using imported technologies and equipment.
The traditional area of \u200b\u200bcounty export is the products of the forest and woodworking industry. The totality of the prerequisites of the Forest Complex of the district has good development prospects, which is determined by the geographical position of the district, the raw material base, high security of fuel and energy resources. The main areas-exporting forestry products are Soviet, Kondinsky and Oktyabrsky.
Basic goals for the near future.
The main purpose of the district authorities is the inclusion of the district's economy into the All-Russian and international division of labor, to the system of placement of production and productive forces, allowing to ensure economic growth and solving social problems.
1.6 Transport
Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug The main transportation of goods is accounted for water and rail transport, 29% is transported by road and 2% - aviation.
Aviation
On the territory of the district 13 airports. The population of the district is serviced by 25 airlines. The Khanty-Mansiysk District is connected by aviation communications with 50 airports of Russia, neighboring countries and far abroad. Among them: Moscow, St. Petersburg, Ekaterinburg, Tallinn, Sochi. Cogal and Raduzhny airports have international status.
Railway
Total length of railway tracks 1073 km. Railway on the territory of the district takes place in three directions:
"Tyumen - Pyt-Yah - Surgut - Kogalym - New Urengoy" with a branch to Nizhnevartovsk;
"Yekaterinburg - Ivdel - Soviet - Nyagan - Priobye" with a branch to Agirish;
"Ekaterinburg - Tavda - Mezhdurechensky".
The main volume of cargo and passenger traffic, communication with major cities, industrial centers of Russia is carried out by the Surgut branch of the Sverdlovsk Railway.
The largest railway nodes: Surgut, Nizhnevartovsk, dust yach, kogalym, Nyagan. Surgut railway bridge is considered the largest in the Asian part of Russia.
Automobile transport
The length of the automotive roads with a solid coating is 9214 km. The main automotive highway connecting the district with other territories of Russia passes through Nefteyugansk, Tobolsk and Tyumen. Roads connecting districts with Tomsk and Sverdlovsk regions are being built. On the territory of the district there is a federal road from Tyumen to Khanty-Mansiysk (through Surgut).
One of the largest motor vehicles - Open Joint-Stock Company "Severavtotrans" in which 26 enterprises include 20 of them are located in the district.
On the territory of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous District in the traffic police authorities, 447.5 thousand visiting vehicles were registered, including 264.6 thousand passenger cars.
Water transport
Navigable River Rivers - Ob and Irtysh, as well as Ob: Wah, Agan, Tromotegan, Big Yugan, Lyamin, Pim, Large Salym, Nazim, Northern Society, Kazim; Irtysh's tributs: the rivers of the Conda, Sogh, etc.
The length of shipping waterways of the district is about 5 thousand km. The navigation period lasts less than 6 months.
In the area of \u200b\u200bcargo transportation, three river shipping companies are carried out - Irtysh, Ob-Irtysh and West Siberian. To coordinate work on the transport of passengers and goods formed in 1998 OJSC "Severschflot". Of the five main river ports, through which goods are cargo to the north, the greatest volume of traffic is carried out from Surgut and Khanty - Mansiysk ports.
Irtysh and Ob bind settlements of the district with such major Siberian cities as: Omsk, Tobolsk, Salekhard, Tomsk, Novosibirsk.
Registered in the Khanty-Mansiysk District Department of the State River Shipping Inspectorate is the fleet of 575 shipowners (more than 2.5 thousand Unitedians).
By ensuring safe shipping on the Rivers of the Autonomous District, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous District Department of Waterways and Shipping.
Telecommunications
The Khanty-Mansi Autonomous District is provided with a high-quality telephone connection. The cities have automated digital telephone stations of the firms "Alkatel Bel" (Belgium) and "Itallel" (Italy). The district is associated with automatic communication with 150 countries of the world.
The largest enterprise of communication is JSC Khantymansiyskokrtelecom, which is engaged in the operation and development of telecommunications networks.
More than 70 district enterprises have public communications service licenses.
Currently, cellular communication works in the cities of Khanty-Mansiysk, Surgut, Kogalym, Megion, Nizhnevartovsk, Langepas, Nefteyugansk.
Main oil and gas pipes
A whole network of oil and gas pipelines passes through the territory of the Khanty-Mansiysk district. Among them are such well-known oil pipelines as: "Nizhnevartovsk - Anzhero-Sudzhensk - Irkutsk"; "Surgut - Polotsk"; "Nizhnevartovsk-Samara - Ust-Balyk - Omsk"; gas pipelines "Urengoy - Pomara - Uzhgorod"; "Urengoy - Chelyabinsk". The total length of pipelines in the district is 66 thousand kilometers.
Chapter 2.
Features of the social sphere of KHMAO.
A large feature of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous District is the sustainable position of the sectors of the social sphere of life, especially the social protection of the population, its medical care, as well as the construction of the social facilities and ensuring the housing of the population of the district. The general demographic and social picture of the district looks quite satisfactory, especially against the background of just a catastrophic deterioration of the situation in other subjects of the Federation.
For the period of reforms, the social sphere certainly experienced many difficulties. However, despite the problems, work in this direction was carried out, and now in the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous District there is everything necessary for normal life: well-maintained housing, hospitals, houses of culture, theaters, shops, schools, kindergartens, physical education complexes, Hotels. Young Northerners can continue their education in higher educational institutions of the district - institutes, universities. The district has developed a network of social service institutions (centers of urgent social assistance, social assistance to family and children, social services, rehabilitation of children, family planning and reproduction of a person, boarding schools For elderly and lonely), which provides social protection and adaptation of certain categories of the population.
Housing construction
The share of capital investments on the construction of social facilities in 1997 compared with 1996 increased.
2067 billion rubles are spent on the housing construction, the construction of secondary schools - 363.9 billion rubles, pre-school institutions - 67.1 billion rubles, health facilities - 560.2 billion rubles.
In the past year, enterprises and organizations of all forms of ownership introduced residential buildings 472.9 thousand square meters (95% of the last year). Housing construction. Housing construction per capita in the district were higher than on average in Russia.
Entering a housing per capita,
| 1990 | 1991 | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | |
| Russia | 0,16 | 0,28 | 0,28 | 0,26 | 0,28 | 0,23 | 0,22 | |
| Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous District | 0,71 | 0,5 | 0,42 | 0,48 | 0,39 | 0,52 | 0,36 | 0,35 |
In many territories of the district, the volume of built housing exceeded the 1996 level, at the same time in the cities of Lyster and showing the input of residential buildings for the past year.
The main entry was carried out by enterprises and organizations relating to the mixed form of ownership.
Compared with 1996, the construction of housing has increased by individual developers. For 1997, they introduced residential buildings with a total area of \u200b\u200b32.4 thousand square meters, which is 13.9% more than in 1996.
From the objects of the social sphere in the past year compared with 1996, the introduction of pre-school institutions increased 6 times - 794 places. Secondary schools were introduced at 7958 students (117.8% by 1996), hospitals for 227 beds (2 times more than 1996), outpatient polyclinical institutions at 651 visits to shift.
Demography
Demographic processes in the district until the end of the 80s developed in the scenario, characteristic of most areas of intensive economic development. The main increase in the population is 82% - accounted for migration, the intensity of which was extremely high: the gross migration turnover reached an average of about 20%. However, the effectiveness of migration was low - 20%; This means that only 20 people from 100 arrivals remained in the region. Since the beginning of the 90s and to date, the situation has changed:
For the district, in contrast to the country as a whole, the tendency to reduce the absolute population population is not characterized, on the natural growth of the population of the district ranks second among the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.
Negative demographic tendencies: decline in fertility, growing mortality and as a result, the reduction in the natural population growth is also in our district.
The situation in the whole district is characteristic of all cities and districts of the district. Considering demographic processes in individual cities and areas of our district, it should be noted that the fertility fell significantly in rural areas. These are areas such as Soviet (35.1%), Nefteyugansky (34.9%), Oktyabrsky (48.2%), Berezovsky (49.9%), Kondinsky (51.2%), Khanty-Mansiysky (44 ,one%). (In brackets given the number of those born in 1997 in a percentage of 1989).
At the medium-level level, mortality in the cities of Kogalym, Nefteyugansk, Nyagan, Uraera, Khanty-Mansiysk, above the moderate - in the Surgut and Beloyarsky districts, Baleoyarsky.
The percentage of reducing the natural growth of the population
In 1997, in relation to 1989
In certain territories, there is a decrease in the absolute population as a result of natural loss, which is determined by the exceedment of the number of those who died over the number of born.
Excess the number of those who died over the number of born
| Territory | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 |
| khanty-Mansiysk | 1,4 | 1,5 | 1,4 | 1,4 | |
| r. Berezovsky | 1,1 | 1,0 | 1,1 | 1,2 | |
| r. Kondinsky | 1,1 | 1,4 | 1,4 | 1,3 | 1,3 |
| r. Khanty-Mansiysky | 1,3 | 1,3 | 1,4 | 1,3 |
Standards of living.
The cost of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug "On the subsistence minimum" is adopted on March 5, 1996. In accordance with this law, the District Administration's Labor Office is calculated quarterly, the magnitude of the subsistence minimum budget, which is approved by the decision of the Governor of the Autonomous Okrug.
Salary ratio, pension
And subsistence minimum
| The ratio between s / n and subsistence minimum | The ratio between the pension and subsistence minimum | |||
| 1996 | 1997 | 1996 | 1997 | |
| By district | 4,0 | 3,2 | 0,71 | 0,65 |
| In Russia | 2,7 | 2,9 | 0,85 | 0,88 |
The table shows that the standard of living of the working part of the population of the district in 1997 remained higher than on average in Russia, and the standard of living of pensioners remained below the average Russian.
Unemployment.
Another important feature of the development of the district in the reforming period is a relatively low level of unemployment. While unemployment grew throughout Russia a terrifying pace, in the Khanty-Mansiysk JSC, the picture of the employment of the population has deteriorated less largely. This is explained by the fact that the employment of the economically active population is associated with the preparation, preparation, processing and transportation of hydrocarbon raw materials, with related industries and enterprises providing the process of life in the region. The unemployment rate in the district, calculated as the ratio of the number of unemployed to the number of economically active population, amounted to 4.8% on January 1, 1999. However, recently the situation has become significantly worsening, mainly due to the crisis of the oil industry and the consequences of this process - massive reduction in jobs. The number of unemployed for the year increased from 25 thousand people to 35.7 thousand people, or 42.8%.
And in Berezovsky, Kondinsky, Oktyabrsky, Khanty-Mansiysk and Soviet district, the unemployment rate began to significantly exceed the average Russian and medium-grade indicator and amounts to 14.5%, 14.2%, 12.2%, 12%, 9.1%, respectively. Among the unemployed employment in the employment service by January 1, 1999, women make up 61%, young people - 35.6%, graduates of various educational institutions - 5.9%.
The age of unemployed
Social protection of the population.
The system of social protection of the population as a new industry emerged in the district in 1992 and quickly turned into a multifaceted service for the organization of the normal life of elderly, disabled, children who came to difficult situations. The development received such areas as pension provision, a system of monetary aid, natural kinds of assistance, social services and benefits, stationary service, legal support of social guarantees, recruitment. The source of financing is the district and local budgets. Pension provision According to the Pension Reform Program in the Russian Federation, the Voluntary Additional Pension Provision, carried out through non-state pension funds, will be further developed. Licensing in the NPF Inspectorate under the Ministry of Labor and Social Development of the Russian Federation, four NPFs and one branch of the non-state pension fund were registered and held.
October 29, 1997 adopted the law "On the activities of non-state pension funds in the territory of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug".
Public manuals for children by decree of the President of Russia dated June 1, 1992 No. 543 "On priority measures to implement the World Declaration on ensuring the survival, protection and development of children in the 1990s" and dated May 14, 1996 No. 712 "On the main directions of the State Family Politicians "Childhood Problems are recognized as priority at the federal and regional levels, in particular, in the formation of budgets, the distribution of material and financial resources, the organization and development of production, investing social programs.
In recent years, a number of regulatory documents have been adopted, including the Federal Law of May 25, 1995 No. 81 "On state benefits of citizens who have children" aimed at the social protection of children, government benefits have been introduced for children and compensatory payments to family members. Periodically, the amounts of benefits increase due to the increase in the cost of life. The transfer of child benefits from January 1, 1998 to the social protection bodies make it possible to streamline the payment of benefits, strengthen control over the correctness of budget expenditures, eliminate double payments.
Social service of the population
The social service system currently operating in the district is improved in accordance with FZRF of December 10, 1995 "On the Fundamentals of Social Services of Citizens in the Russian Federation." The network of social institutions and services in the district is developing since 1992. These are institutions of stationary and nonstationary service of the elderly, disabled and families with children. Their number for 6 years has increased from 10 to 92, i.e. 9 times.
In 1997, a program for the development of the material and technical base of social services institutions until 2001 was clarified. In accordance with this program, the expenses for the development of the material and technical base of social service institutions will be 5% of the capital investments in the capital.
A new form of social services for single-elderly and disabled citizens is actively developing. On 01.07.98 2097 citizens were serviced at home and another 1419 people were in line for home service.
Social support for family, women and children
To form a holistic social policy system for family support, women and children, the management of social protection of the population determines the following tasks and activities:
· Conducting the analysis of trends in the social development of childhood in the district and the development of regional standards for ensuring its welfare and security;
· Reducing the scope of social orphanhood, expanding state support for new forms of family education of children who have lost their parent care;
· Development of the District Law project "On the State Family Policy of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug".
Social and logistics veterans.
and
disabled
Several target programs are adopted in the district: about labor veterans, the improvement of the housing conditions of war veterans, Afghans, Chernobyl and others. The source of funding is 2% of the expenditure part of the district and local budgets, which is determined by the decision of the III session of the District Council of People's Deputies of the Autonomous District of 12.02.93. In addition, the financing of targeted programs is carried out from the budget separately. The main types of assistance are: surcharge to pensions, benefits, one-time assistance, free meals, subsidies for utilities, fuel, preferential passage of transport and others.
Since 1993, the disabled means of movement since 1993 has been provided with disabilities.
Medical and Social Examination of the Population
Medical and social expertise as an independent service of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug began operating since 1993. Currently, medical and social expertise is as close as possible to the population of the district at the expense of the active activities of the ITU primary bureau and specialized ophthalmologic. Expert assistance to the population of the district is provided by the 13th Bureau of Medical Social Expertise, from them-1 Eye specialized District Value, 1-higher common profile and 1-specialized pediatric.
Organizations
One of the signs of civil society is the creation and functioning of free associations of citizens, whose number includes public associations. The right to establish public associations of citizens is provided for by the Constitution and the legislation of the Russian Federation.
From December 1, 1991 On July 8, 1998, 772 public associations were registered in the management of Justice of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug. In fact, they are much more in the cities and villages of the district, but, without having enough completeness of them, imagine the socio-political map of the district, based only on those that are officially registered. For the most visual and understandable characteristics of these associations, we introduce two features: 1) the meaningful, which consists in the main activity; 2) territorial, consisting in geography of the activities of a public association.
Our district, despite the fall in fertility in recent years, still has a predominantly young population composition, which is confirmed by the presence of a fairly large number of sports associations, clubs, sports federations, which are 181. Almost a third of them - 58- are in Surgut, 38 - District, Nizhnevartovsk - 16, Nefteyugansk - 15. Far outside of our district know about our biathletes, boxers, football players, volleyball players, wrestlers, dancers, chess players and relevant sports federations in the district. Recently, sports associations of billiards in Surgut, district federations of motorsport, checkered sports, Kix Boksing Federation in Nizhnevartovsk, Federation of Sports Gymnastics in Nyagani, Sports and Technical Club "Motors Ts-2" in Megion and many others are registered.
Professional unions are no less numerous - they are registered in the district 170. The greatest number of trade unions in Nizhnevartovsk - 31, Nefteyugansk and Khanty-Mansiysk - on 22, rainbow - 17, Kogalym - 16, in Surgut and Nefteyugansky district-11, District - 8. The most numerous unions of oil workers, power engineers, transport workers. Recently, working in many cities and settlements of trade unions of tax authorities, enterprises of the social sphere have been formed and registered.
Among the district associations of trade unions are the most famous: the Khanty-Mansiysk district association of the organization of trade unions (Chairman of Sivash F.G.) and the Tyumenenergo Electroprofo (Smirnov L.G.), the District Committee of the Trade Union of Physical Culture Workers, Sports and Tourism (Carliskov A. N.), Khanty-Mansiysk district association of trade union organizations of the flight composition and aircraft workers (Luplenko N.L.), the union of military personnel of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug (Shishkin AA), a trade union of cultural workers (Koshkin GB), trade union employees of science and education (Asaulelenko N.G.).
In recent years, the Social Protection of Individual Populations has been rapidly developed in the district, many of them are registered in the district administration of justice. In total, the associations 76, including 13 district, operate as much in Surgut, 12 - in Nizhnevartovsk, 9 - in Nefteyugansk. The most famous in the district and beyond the unification of the old-timers of our cities, the associations of disabled people, Chernobyl, war veterans in Afghanistan, the movement in defense of northerners, anti-drug movements, "Anti-AIDS", consumer protection society and many others. The activities of these public organizations are extremely important, and it is fully supported by the municipal and district authorities.
It is impossible not to call the unification of women, which in the district 18. Their activities are noticeable in almost all territories of the district. In May 1997, the "Woman and Politics" conference was held in Khanty-Mansiysk, at which almost all the leaders of the female movement were presented, and not only Ugra, but also other regions of Russia. Chairman of the Association of Women's Organizations of our region is the Deputy Chairman of the Duma of the Autonomous Okrug L.A. Clean.
Close to their functions to just mentioned charity funds, which in district 36, including 11-district, 8 are created in Surgut, 7 - in Nizhnevartovsk. Charitable funds provide financial assistance to various socially significant initiatives, glorified population groups.
In almost every territory, there are organizations of war veterans, labor and law enforcement agencies, all of them in district 21. The activities of these public associations are not one decade. Overly to remind that these people gave their strength and health to the country and certainly earned the best share than they have today. Aware of its responsibility to future Russia, veterans lead patriotic, cultural and educational work, transmit professional and life experience of young people. This work deserves greater public attention, approval and promotion.
Military-patriotic associations, which in the district registered 44, as well as veteran, lead to a great job among young people, and also provide comprehensive assistance to the participants of armed conflicts and disabled. These are various organizations of the organizationalists, unification of stock officers, etc. Here we also attributed the organization of the Russian defense and sports society.
The work of creative associations, which in the district there are several groups in the district: creative unions - 21, scientific and technical associations - 4, cultural and spiritual organizations - 23. Among this group of public associations are the most noticeable: "Masters of decorative and applied creativity are:" Ugra ", unions of artists, writers, journalists, associations of psychologists, teachers and sociologists. The greatest number of these organizations is concentrated in major cities of the district and in the district center. The participation of the population in the work of these public associations helps to reveal the creative potential of the personality, communicating with colleagues on the creative "workshop" enriches each participant, contributes to creative growth.
In public organizations formed by interest, the creative potential of the person is also revealed. In this group of public movements, we have taken 81 association. In order to be clear what kind of associations are we talking about, we call only some of them: the societies of fishermen and hunters, the society of animal lovers, motorist societies, radio amateurs, booklers, etc. These social movements help people jointly conduct leisure, solve problems associated with their common interests make the lives of members of these associations more rich and bright. It is especially important that many of these associations include young people.
The next group of public associations is national-cultural, which in the district - 44. Among them, the association of the aboriginal population is the Association "Saving Ugra" (President Gogolev TS). The work of this socio-political organization is well known to residents of the Khanty-Mansiysk district. The members of the Association are representatives of the creative, scientific intelligentsia, the deputies of the Duma of the Autonomous District and the representative bodies of municipalities.
To the same group of public associations, we attributed national-cultural autonomies of various national population groups, national-cultural centers, earthland, society. The Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous District is characterized by a multinational population. It presents the majority of nationalities living in the Russian Federation and beyond, therefore, the process of creating national-cultural societies is a completely natural process.
Sociological studies conducted by us in the last 3 years show that participation in the work of national-cultural associations for 3/4 respondents - the opportunity to join its national culture, for half of the respondents - the desire to obtain information from the native places and the possibility of communication in the native Language. Approximately about a third count on solving business issues with countrymen, hoping to obtain support and assistance to tribesmen in a difficult life situation, to meet the need for communicating with the UNDERS. It is important and the desire to join the national culture of his wife (husband) and find a marriage partner for their children, etc.
And finally, the political organizations of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug, which were registered 34. The most influential of them is the movement "Our House-Spring". In addition to the district organization of this movement, registered in Surgut, Nizhnevartovsk, Khanty-Mansiysk, Kogalym, Nyagani, Megion, Yugorsk, Oktyabrsky, Berezovsky and Konditionsky districts.
The LDPR has a regional organization registered in Surgut, urban organizations in Nefteyugansk, Khanty-Mansiysk, district - in Surgutsky district. The Communist Party of the Russian Federation also has a regional organization registered in Nefteyugansk city - in Surgut and Megion.
Another three all-Russian parties have district offices: the Agrarian Party of the Russian Federation, the Democratic Choice of Russia, the Russian People's Republican Party. In addition, there is an urban branch of the All-Russian movement "Forward, Russia!", In Uraera - the city office of the Press Party, in Nefteyugansk - the separation of the All-Russian Movement "Reforms - a new course", in Kogalym - the separation of the National Patriotic Movement "Russian National Unity" (Pne). In the district and in some territories, the Ugra Committee is registered in support of the President of the Russian Federation and the Regional Public Institution "People's House".
The characteristic of the socio-political map of the district will be incomplete if it is not to submit the reliance of Izny organizations registered on the territory of the district. Religion, as is well known, separated from the state, but not from civil society, it affects many people, and religious communities play an extremely important role in the formation of the social structure of the population.
List of closure communities registered in the management of justice
Khanty-Mansi Autonomous District
1. Composition of the people's complex of Russia. The main directions of development of the People's Day complex KhMAO-Ugra
The economy is a unified complex of the industry, it consists of spheres of industries and sectors of the economy. The economy is material production and not material production.
Economy industry is a group of enterprises that characterizes homogeneous products, etc.
Inter-sectoral complexes
Sectors of the 4th sector economy;
1. Household sector
2. sector of industrial enterprises; Financial p / p cans; not financial p / n provide services
3. Sector of state institutions judicial, legislative
4. The external sector of p / p is not resident, military bases, consulates.
KhMAO - Ugra, oil and gas complex, construction industry, forest, communications, trading, housing and housing.
The national economy consists of elements of spheres, spheres and sectors and sectors of the housekeeper.
The area of \u200b\u200bthe vision of the participation of national income of social proceedings is divided into two large spheres of material production and intangible production
- Material production - refers to industry, trade, agricultural, transport, communication (not all) serving production by the sphere.
- Intangible production - the sphere relates housing - communal households, education, culture, art, science, opara organized management.
The sector of the economy is divided into specialized industries.
Industry - This is a group of qualitatively homogeneous host. The assessment characterizes with special conditions .... In the public labor system of homogeneous products performing the overall function of the national economy.
To meet the growing needs, an union of various p / p arises as within the industry so p / n in other industries that leads to between sectoral complexes.
Between the sectoral complex - It is characterized by interactions in various industries and their elements of the various production stage and its product.
Economy sectors - Composite elements of the national economy, complex can be grouped on various signs of the economic sector.
The sector means a combination of the manual of the unit with the initial economic goals, behavioral functions.
1) the household sector - includes consuming units ie ......
2) the sector of industrial P / P - financial p / p, and non-financial p / p.
3) the financial sector P / P - covers the P / p busy financial intermediation
4) The non-financial sector P / P - combines p / p engaged in the production of goods and services for the purpose of profit.
5) Public institutions are a combination of bodies of the legislative, executive and judicial field of social security funds.
6) The external sector is a totality .......
2. Business entrepreneurial activity. Support for entrepreneurship and the development of competition in KhMAO - Ugra
Entrepreneurs are a house. Subjects of functions that are implemented new implementation of new combinations.
Under entrepreneurship means activities are carried out by individuals by enterprises or a private facility for the production of services.
- independence and unknown
- Economic interest
- Hoz. Risk and responsibility
Conditions of entrepreneurship function;
- Economic conditions - Market infrastructure is formed for normal activities of entrepreneurship
- Infrastructure is a lot of organizations with the help of which entrepreneurs can participate mutually relations and leads commercial operations.
- Social conditions - the desire of buyers to acquire goods in response to tastes and fashion.
- Legal environment - the presence of laws regulating entrepreneurial activities that create benefits of good conditions for its development.
1. The need to protect firms from each other to prevent no bona fide competition.
2. The need to protect consumers from unfair manufacturers.
3. The need to protect the highest interests of society from the disturbance of entrepreneurs.
Entrepreneurial activity is formed by ideas develop without a legal entity.
Entrepreneurs without the formation of a legal entity - are carried out by private entrepreneurs who have passed state registration.
A legal entity is an organization that has the ownership of economic management or operational management. Separate property is responsible for the obligation may be the plaintiff and is responsible for the court.
Legal entities are characterized by signs;
1. The property is separately separated by the balance of a commercial enterprise or an independent estimate in non-commercial p / p.
2. Independent property responsibility.
3. An independent speech in civil circulation.
4. Organizational unity. The presence of a sustainable structure enshrined in constituent documents.
5. Availability of an account in the bank.
6. Presence of printing.
Support for entrepreneurial activities KMAO - Ugra
Business Development Development Fund
The trading policy defends the interests of the business, settles mutual relations.
3. Property and enterprise capital
Property p / p- These are material and not material elements used by P / P in production activities.
Property P / P - the isolation of the property of its founders and participants and workers
The property will determine the material property and not material elements.
Materials - buildings, cars, finished products, cash, land plots.
Not material elements - they are created in the procession of life activities Reputation of the company, the circle of regular customers, the name of the company and the use of trademarks, personnel qualifications, proprietary methods of production, know-how, contracts.
Capital enterprises
There are real capital - there is a form of funds ...
Money form money.
Means ensuring the activities of P / P - are usually divided into their own and borrowed. Own capital is the value of the property of its property.
Capital - is attracted by P / P Sostirana in the form of loans of financial assistance, the amounts of the deposit obtained, etc., external sources for a specific period, for a certain period, for some.
The minimum size of the established capital of CJSC is 100 minimum wages and the minimum amount of payment.
Capital is the money bused and bringing revenue from this turnover.
Money turnover is carried out by investing in entrepreneurial transmission in court, transferred to hire.
Entrepreneurial capital - investments in various p / p in direct and portfolio investment.
Judgment capital is a cash capital submitted in court on urgency conditions, and paying and repayment.
Structural capital consists of cash which is sent to the formation of fixed assets, intangible assets of current funds, conversion funds.
4. Economic essence and classification of fixed assets
Main Production Funds P / P - This is the value of the means of labor, the main specific features are the deadline for use (long period) and the method of transferring the cost to the created product (in parts, by measure).
Worn takes into account the established norm of the sums of which includes products in the cost price.
The economic essence of fixed assets is that the value is temporarily balanced, moving from the monetary form to the natural commodity and again monetary.
The main production facilities of P / P are part of the work of labor involved in many industrial cycles maintaining its natural shape and carrying the cost of the product with parts as wear.
The law of reproduction of fixed capital is expressed in that in a normal economy, the condition of its value in the manufactured production is completely restored, it provides an opportunity for a constant technical substantiation of labor.
The most important indicator of reproduction and turnover of fixed assets of renewal and departure increases.
Incremental coefficient;
To when \u003d OPF Introduction
OF N.G.
The growth rate reflects an increase in fixed capital and considers the period and calculated as newly conducted fixed assets to their value at the beginning of the year.
The renewal coefficient, it characterizes the degree of updating of industries and is calculated as the ratio of the average annual in the new value of their value at the end of the year.
To about. \u003d. OPFVED
The coefficient of disposal is the ratio of the value of the founded fixed assessment towards their value of the beginning of the year.
To leave \u003d OPF Introduction
1. Classification of fixed assets on the field of activity.
2. By sectors and industries on the native economy.
3. Functionally specified classified allows you to obtain information about the most important quality changes occurring in the economic plan of P / P.
Current classification of 10 groups;
1. Buildings (residential buildings)
2. Buildings (oil and gas wells, bridges, hydra, technical facilities)
3. Transmission devices (all pipe wires, electrical transmission lines)
4. Machines and equipment
5. Vehicles
6. Tools, production and economic inventory.
7. Product table.
8. Perennial plants.
9. Other types of fixed assets.
The structure of the main production facilities;
Structurally - the proportion of the common species is generally the set calculates%.
Depending on the degree of product creation, the main funds of activity on the active and passive part, to the active part include the main funds that are directly involved in the production; Passive - ensure the normal functioning of active elements of fixed assets of funds.
5. Types of evaluation, methods of revaluation of fixed assets
Accounting and planning of fixed assets - in natural and monetary form in the assessment of fixed assets in the natural form takes into account their number of size production of areas, etc., quantitative indicators, for this purpose, inventory and certification of equipment are produced.
Monetary or valuation - for planners. Extended reproduction of basic funds of wear degree and depreciation size.
Basic types of assessments of fixed assets of JAV. Initial, reducing, and residual, cost.
Full initial cost represents its own amount of actual costs in current prices for acquiring or creating water tools for transportation, establishing and installing machine and equipment. At the initial value of fixed assets, depreciation is stabilized on the balance sheet of p / p.
The reducing cost expresses an assessment of the reproduction of fixed assets in modern conditions at the time of revaluation.
The residual cost is a complete initial cost or complete reducing cost per minute of initial wear.
Liquid cost is a possible revenue from the sale of liquidated property.
Balance price is the value of which the main fund is taken into account in the balance sheet of P / P on the data used on their accrual and movement.
Revaluation of fixed assets can be produced by two methods; Expert and using the index price system. In the expert method on p / p, commissions are created from among the most experienced specialists; which produce revaluation.
With the index revaluation, the book value multiplied by the price index set for this group of fixed assets.
6. Wearing and depreciation of fixed assets
Depreciation is charged on finished standards in% of the initial cost.
1. Proportional - they are characterized by the fact that every year, depreciations are functions for all periods calculated according to the same norm in% of the initial cost.
2. Methods of accelerated depreciation - mainly part of the accrual .......
A) evenly straightforward
N AMAR \u003d. Gv* 100%
NV.
N Amor - Depreciation rate
GW - annual development
NV - Development rate
Proportional methods accrual depreciation?
The proportional method belongs
A) evenly straightforward
B) accrual of wear depending on the established life of the service life.
C) accrual depreciation depending on the production volume of work.
N AMAR \u003d. Gv* 100%
N Amor - Depreciation rate
GW - annual development
NV - Development rate
Accelerated depreciation methods?
Method of calculating accelerated depreciation;
1. Firmly fixed labor service
N AMAR \u003d. 1 *100%
n - number of years
2. The method of decreasing residue with a doubled rate, depreciation is accrued by doubled in% of the residual value
Vickthe cost of revolutions was 24 miles. The annual rate of amortization is 5% calculated the amount of depreciation amount for 3 years.
2) 216 – 10 = 2,2
3) 194 – 10 = 1,9
3. The accumulation method (the number of numbers) combines the first methods in it is normalized by the service life .... Wear rate of the first years of operation
Pr: The service life of fixed assets is 6 years old, it is not necessary to calculate annual norms.
Life time The number of years is recorded in the opposite direction Amortization rate 7. Indicators of the use of fixed assets
All performance indicators can be combined into three groups: 1) indicators of extensive use of office reflecting the level of use of them in time; 2) the intensive use indicators reflecting the level of their use in power (performance); 3) Indicators of integral use that take into account the cumulative influence of all factors. The first group of indicators include: the extensive use ratio of equipment, equipment change coefficient, equipment loading factor, the coefficient of interchangeable operation time of the equipment. The extensive use coefficient of equipment (CACK) is calculated by the formula: Where t Obor.F.
–
the actual time of the equipment, h; T Obro.Pl - the operation time of the equipment normally, h. Extensive use of equipment is characterized by a coefficient of replacement of its work, which is defined as the ratio of the total number of exhaust equipment of this type during the day of the day and shifts to the number of machines that have been working to the greatest shift. Calculated in this way, the shift coefficient shows how much shifting on average each unit of equipment works annually. The main directions of increasing the replacement of the equipment: improving the level of specialization of jobs; increasing the rhythm of work; reduction of downtime related to disadvantages in organizing job service; the best organization of the repair business; Mechanization and automation of labor. The equipment boot factor also characterizes the use of equipment in time. It is calculated as the ratio of the complexity of the manufacture of all products in this form of equipment to the time fund of its work. Based on the measurement of the equipment, the coefficient of using the interchangeable mode of operation of the equipment is calculated. It is determined by the division of the replacement coefficient of the equipment achieved in this period the duration of the change in the enterprise. The intensive use coefficient of equipment is determined by the ratio of the actual performance of the main technological equipment to its regulatory performance. To calculate the indicator use the formula: where In f -actual production equipment production per unit of time; In n -technically reasonable production equipment for products per unit of time. The integrated use coefficient of equipment is defined as a product of the coefficients of intensive and extensive use of equipment and comprehensively characterizes the operation of its time and productivity: The result of the best use of fixed assets is primarily an increase in production. Therefore, the generalizing performance indicator of the main production funds should be based on the principle of compulsion of manufactured products with the entire combination of fixed assets used in its production. It will be an indicator of production coming per 1 rub. The cost of fixed assets, - FDO-report. For its calculation, the formula is used: where T -volume of commodity or realized products, rub.; F -the average annual value of the main production facilities. The average annual value of the main production facilities is determined as follows: where F 1 -the cost of the main production facilities of the enterprise at the beginning of the year, rubles; F input; F selected.- the cost of the main production funds introduced (dropping) during the year; p 1 p 2 -the number of full months from the input (retirement). Product durability - the value, inverse fund-student. It shows the share of the cost of fixed assets per each ruble of products. If the foundation should tend to increase, then the durability is reduced. The efficiency of the enterprise is largely determined by the level of labor supply, determined by the value of the main production facilities to the number of workers' enterprises. This value must continuously increase, since technical armament depends on it, and therefore labor productivity. Another major indicator of the effectiveness of the main funds is a phorstability, which is a general level of profitability of funds characterizing how much profits received by 1 rub. Funds. It is determined by the formula: where n is profit from sales, rub. OPF - the average annual value of the main production facilities, rub. 8. Composition and classification of working capital
Curvas - these are cash flowed into circulating and production funds and funds appeal. Current foundations are part of the means of production that is consumed in each production cycle and their cost is transferred at the production of products entirely and immediately revolving funds lose their consumer value as consumers are made. New consumer value arises the form of products produced from them. Current funds 1. Produce stocks - raw materials, materials, fuel, combustible, purchased by semi fabrics, etc. 2. Incorrect production and semi-finished products of their own production. Labor objects entered into the process unfinished manufacturing in some shops and subject to further processing in other workshops. 3. The expenses of future periods are the costs that are produced in this period but include products produced in the future. Foundations appeal Consuming the sphere of circulation and including in its composition ready-made products to implementation but not implement. Products Cash and funds in the calculations. Usually, 2 groups of means differing in terms of scheduling are normalized and non-normalized. - rationing - the establishment of economically reasonable reserves is necessary for the norm of P / P. The normalized revitalized production funds are finished products. Calling funds are not normalized. Sources are formed working capital. Own, borrowed, and attracted. - Own - arrived, and sustainable liabilities Sustainable are liabilities that are constantly using the turnover, although do not belong to it. - Overgoing wage arrears (sustainable passive) - Pledge for the return card - borrowed funds main source briefly urgent loan - Attracted funds are the payables of all species as well as means of targeted funding for their intended purpose. 9. Determination of the needs of the enterprise in working capital
The purpose of rationing is to determine the rational distributions of working capital involved in a certain period. - rationing of working capital is carried out in natural and monetary terms Stages of rationing 1. The norms of stocks for each rationing of working capital are being developed. 2. The norm is the relative value of the corresponding volume of stocks of each element, the period established in the days ...... and means the duration of the provision of data and material values 3. One-day consumption of material values \u200b\u200bis calculated. Normalization methods. 1. Direct account methods analytical, coefficient. Direct account method- provides for the calculation of stocks for each element of working capital, taking into account all changes in the level of organizationally technical. Analytical- It is used in the case when it does not provide to be able to change under the working conditions of the P / P compared to the previous period. Coefficient- The standard is determined on the basis of the standard preceding standard with external change, accounting. The rationing of materials is the standard of working capital in the reserves of the raw materials of the main materials and purchased semi-finished products on the basis of the average daily flow and the average rate of day stocks. The rate of reserves of working capital for each type or alone ......... materials time stay of the current (t) insurance (C) transport, technological, preparatory reserves. H \u003d P * (T + C + T P + T st + P) (T) Current stock - the main type of stock is necessary between two regular supplies. (C) Insurance stock - 50% of the current stock (T p) Transport reserve - Creates the timing of turnover cargo in comparison with the period of document management. (T ST) technological reserves - it is created in cases when this type of raw materials is created .... (P) Preparatory stock - is associated with the need to accept unloading sorting and storage of production reserves. (P) reserves Rationing of not completed production From the volume and composure of production, a long production cycle of the cost of production and is characterized by the increase in costs in the production process. All costs in the manufacturing process are divided into one temporary and increasing. To one-time - the costs produced at the very beginning, all other costs are considered increasing. N \u003d S. *
Q. *
T. well * K. NZ S is the rationing of working capital not completed production. S is the cost of units. Products. q - production volume of products T Well - the duration of the production cycle To the NZ - the coefficient of cost increase T N is the number of days in the period. 10. Ratioration efficiency indicators
Current means are in constant motion commit the circle turnover. Circle of money turnover Starting from the date of payment of the material resource and ends with the return of these costs in the form of revenue of the implementation of the time during which the total circle is due to the turnover turnover is called a period of working capital. This indicator characterizes the average rate of working capital. 3 - and the main indicator 1. The turnover coefficient To o \u003d. PH R - CO - the average remainder of working capital It characterizes the number of circle of revolutions of the working capital of p / p for a certain period or shows the volume of products sold per 1 ruble of working capital. 2. The coefficient of loading of working capital. Its turnover The turnover coefficient characterizes the amount of working capital spent by 1 ruble. K 3 \u003d. SO 3. Duration of one turn in days of a certain division of the number of days in the period on the turnover coefficient. T \u003d. D. Ways to accelerate turnover, working capital 1. At the stage of creating stocks, these are external substantiated reserve standards. Approaching the supply of raw materials to consumers the development of long-term direct links. Complex mechanization and automation, warehousing. 2. At the stage of not completed production, the acceleration and introduction of achievements of the scientific and technical process. Development of unification standardization. Improving the forms of the organization of production. Application of cheaper constructive materials. Improving the system of economic stimulating, economic use of raw materials and fuel and economic resources. 3. At the stage of treatment - the consumer approximation to its products from the preparation and improvement of the calculation system increases the volume of products on direct relations Careful and temporary selection shipped products for parties, transit norm and shipment in accordance with the concluded agreements. 11. The concept and types of enterprise costs
The concepts of costs of P / P exists differ depending on their economic purposes. According to the reproductive sign, the cost of P / P is divided into 3 groups 1. The cost of production and sales of products forms the cost 2. Expansion costs and production renewal, large single temporal investments of capital nature. 3. Costs for socially cultural housing - domestic and other similar needs of P / P Production costs are the cost of using production factors, the cost of costs of resources spent and the price. There are external and internal costs. External costs (cash or explicit) are alternative costs receiving cash payments made by supplier firms by the factor of production. Internal costs (not explicit or liquid) they reflect the use of industrial resources belonging to the owners of entrepreneurial labor labor, not material assets. Economic costs are external and internal costs. Accounting costs are the external costs of P / P. Production and sales costs are classified 1. The role in the production process is divided into basic and overlaps. Main costs directly form the created product is its physical basis. Overhead costs with the maintenance process of production. 2. By the way of incorporating the cost of products. Costs are divided into direct and indirect. 3. By the dependence of the costs of changing the volume of products. 4. According to the methods of accounting, costs are divided into simple and complex - collected groups on the functional role in the production process either at the expense of costs. 5. In terms of use in production, everyday or current costs and one-time costs are distinguished. 12. Product cost
The cost of production is one of the most important economic indicators of industrial enterprises and associations, expressing in cash all the costs of the enterprise related to the production and sale of products. The cost shows what the products manufactured by it costs them. The costs of past labor (depreciation of fixed assets, the cost of raw materials, materials, fuel and other material resources) and the cost of paying for employees of the enterprise (wages) are included in the cost price. In accordance with the determination of costs (cost) of production, the cost of production and sales, production and sales should be distinguished. The cost of production (production) of products characterizes in monetary measurement all material costs and costs of labor costs, which are falling per unit in one or another production to the entire volume of products. In cost as in the generalizing economic indicator, all parties to the activity of the enterprise are reflected: the degree of technological equipment of the production and development of technological processes; the level of organization of production and labor, the degree of use of production capacity; Efficiency of using material and labor resources and other conditions and factors characterizing production and economic activities. Starting consideration of complex issues of the formation of costs for the production and sale of products (works, services), it is necessary to consider the main positions of the cost of the cost of the economic and legal category. Economic and production activities at any enterprise are related to the consumption of raw materials, materials, fuels, energy, with salary payment, payments to social and pension insurance of employees, depreciation accrual, and with a number of other necessary costs. Through the process of appeal, these costs are constantly reimbursed from the revenue of the enterprise from the sale of products (works, services), which ensures the continuity of the production process. To calculate the amount of all expenses of the enterprise, they lead to a single indicator, presenting for this in monetary terms. This indicator is the cost. The cost of production (works, services) is one of the important generalizing indicators of the company (enterprises), reflecting the efficiency of the use of resources, the results of the introduction of new equipment and progressive technology; Improving the organization of labor, production and management. Production firms determine the costs of production, and firms carrying out sales, supplied, trade and intermediary activities - costs of circulation. The specific cost of the costs that can be attributed to the costs of production and circulation are regulated by law internally in all countries. This is due to the peculiarities of the tax system and the need to distinguish the cost of the company on the sources of their refund (included in the cost of production and, therefore, reimbursed at the expense of prices for it and reimbursed from the profits remaining at the disposal of the firm after paying taxes and other mandatory payments). In accordance with paragraph 1 of the provisions on the cost of production and sales costs (works, services) included in the cost of the cost, and on the procedure for the formation of financial results, taken into account in the taxation of profits, approved by the Government Decree of July 1, 1995 No. 661 ( Regulations on the cost of costs), the cost of production (works, services) is a valuation of natural resources used in the production process (works, services) of natural resources, raw materials, materials, fuels, energy, fixed assets, labor resources, as well as other costs Production and implementation. But, in addition to costs, directly or indirectly caused by the production process, the company also carries direct costs that are not related to the production of products (works, services) and in the cost of the cost, as a rule are not included. Types of cost The enterprise in the process of its activities makes material and cash costs for simple and expanded reproduction of fixed assets and working capital, production idealization of products, social development of their teams, etc. Through the amount of considerable costs, three types of cost are distinguished: 1) workshop cost, including production costs within the workshop, in particular direct material costs for the production of products, depreciation of shop equipment, wages of the main production workshops, social contributions, the costs of maintenance and operation of workshop equipment, and community costs; 2) the production cost (cost of finished products), in addition to shop costs, includes public expenditures (administrative and management and general costs) and the costs of auxiliary production; 3) Complete cost, or the cost of implemented (shipped) products, is an indicator that combines the production cost of production (works, services) and the costs of its implementation (commercial costs, outproduction costs). Its actual definition at the enterprise is necessary for: 1) marketing research and adoption on their basis decisions on the beginning of the production of a new product (providing a new type of service) with the lowest costs; 2) determining the degree of influence of certain costs of costs for the cost of production (works, services); 3) pricing; 4) the correct definition of financial results of work, and, accordingly, and income taxation. Thus, enterprises that determine the sales revenue for paid accounts, the total cost was a production cost plus some commercial expenses included in the cost of specific types of products (works, services) directly: transportation costs and packaging costs. At the same time, the cost of realized products treated all other commercial expenses, which were to be attributed to the cost of production only at the time of its implementation, i.e. Payment. However, after it was found that for all the goals of accounting reporting, there arises at the time of its shipment (execution of work, providing services), the special allocation of these types of costs lost its meaning, since the concepts of shipped and realized products began to coincide. In addition, the planned and actual cost is distinguished. Planned cost Determined at the beginning of the planned year based on the planned norms of expenses and other planned indicators for this period. Actual cost Determined at the end of the reporting period on the basis of accounting data on the actual costs of production. Planned cost and actual cost are determined by one method and according to the same calculation items, which is necessary for comparing and analyzing cost indicators. 13. Labor resources of the enterprise
Labor resources include the part of the population, which has the necessary physical data, knowledge and skills in the relevant industry. Sufficient provision of enterprises with the necessary labor resources, their rational use, the high level of labor productivity is of great importance to increase product volumes and increase production efficiency. Frames, or labor resources of the enterprise, is a combination of workers of various professional qualification groups employed in the enterprise and included in its list of composition. The list includes all employees adopted for work associated with both the main and not with its main activity. Labor resources are classified by participation in industrial activities: 1) A group of industrial and production personnel (PPP); 2) The staff of the non-productive sphere of organizations, which are part of this enterprise. The 1st group includes workers who are directly occupied in industrial processes work in shops, departments, laboratories, research institutes. The 2nd group includes those who serve the infrastructure of the enterprise: warehouse, utility farm, sports, medical institutions. The classification of the PPP is produced by the nature of the operations. 1. Workers. 1.1. Basic. 1.2. Auxiliary. Basic workers- Employees of the enterprise, taking direct participation in the process of manufacturing products. The degree of participation of all workers is different. Some workers are directly occupied in the technological processes of manufacturing products that proceed in the main workshops of the enterprise. Auxiliary workers- Workers engaged in the maintenance of technological processes: transportation of labor items, repair work, work on the preparation of production, equipment commissioning, etc. Over the centuries, the nature of the economy of the Ob-Irtysh North was determined by both natural-climatic features and a relatively low population density. The main classes of Northerners were fishing, hunting for animals, birds, collecting cedar nuts, mushland and berries. However, the discovery of huge deposits of oil and gas in the 1960s. Cool changed the life of the edge. Currently, KHMA for economic potential is among the top ten constituent entities of the Russian Federation. It is the first oil extraction, the second to produce electricity, the second-third gas production. About 3% of the country's internal gross product is produced in the district, 5.6% of industrial products. The tenth of tax payments in the federal budget comes from the KHMAO. The structure of industrial production of the district is as follows: the oil and gas industry - 79.8%; electric power industry - 12.2%; gas processing - 6.1%; Stroy industry - 0.7%; Forest and woodworking - 0.6%. The beginning of the change in the life of the region and the economy of the whole country was the discovery of rich deposits of oil and gas. In 1964, the first industrial oil was obtained on the Ust-Balyk deposit (Nefteyugansky district). From this time, the operation of the Oil Deposits of the district began. In 1965, a unique self-control deposit was opened (Nizhnevartovsky district). In the late 1980s. About a million tons of oil was mined daily on the territory of the district. The maximum amount of oil was mined in 1988 - 335 million tons, and from the beginning of the operation of the subsoil in the district, over 7 billion tons of oil was extracted. Today, 61 geophysical and 46 geological enterprises are engaged in the search and exploration of the fleet of minerals. In total, 410 petroleum, gas and oil and gas fields are open in the territory of the district. Licenses for the development of 249 fields were issued, of which 145 were commissioned, the rest expect swelling and arrangement. In the undisturbed fund of the subsoil, 161 deposits are located, each year of them is set on contests and auctions. Licenses for the right to produce oil on the territory of the district issued 50 companies. In tenders, along with Russian enterprises, such famous firms in the world, as "Shell", "Ecsens", "Mobile" took part. The proportion of the refinement industry in the total volume of production of the district is small and is 0.7%. Almost the entire volume of oil produced is recycled outside the KHMAO. This industry is located so far only at the age of becoming, but she has a great future, which is spoken by the fairly rapid rates of its development in recent years. Thus, in 1996, an oil refinery in Nyagani, Chernogorneftepererabotka in Nizhnevartovsk was commissioned; In 1997, the engine fuel in Kogalym began a job; In 1999, the installation of equipment at the oil refining association in Nizhnevartovsk was completed, and the factory of motor fuels in Surgut, specializing in the processing of gas condensate supplied from the Yamal deposits, was built. 10 enterprises are engaged in the production and sale of petroleum products to the territory of the district, which produce gasoline Marie AI-92, AI-80, A-76, gas stable gasoline, diesel fuel, jet fuel (TC-1), etc. The gas processing in the area has been established much earlier than refinery, and every year the number of burning torches decreases. Backway petroleum gas is processed by enterprises of SIBUR JSC, which employs 8 factories with a total processing volume of over 16 billion cubic meters of gas per year. The main products are dry gas, which employs the county power stations, and unstable gas gasoline coming to further processing on Tobolsky Petrochemical Combine. The district creates one of the largest electric power complexes in the country. The installed capacity of power plants is 9500 MW. Surgut GRES-1 and GRES-2, Nizhnevartovskaya GRES work on passing gas. GRES-2, with a capacity of 4800 MW, the largest in the world. Every year, at least 50 billion kW / h of electricity is produced annually by the district power plant generators. The circumferential energy system has become redundant and supplies energy to other territories, for example, in the Yamalo-Nenets District - 5%, to the south of the Tyumen region - 7%, in the Ural region there are 24% of energy generation. A significant part of the district is covered with forests, in which cedar, pine, spruce, fir, larch, birch grow. The land foundation land area is 48.4 million hectares (4.5% of the total forest fund of Russia) with a common stock of wood about 3248 million cubic meters. The estimated forest sector allows you to cut down 23.2 million cubic meters. Currently, the settlement of the forest is appropriate for about 15-18%. The greatest volumes of the billets were reached by the end of the 1980s. They averaged 12.2 million cubic meters per year. Currently, about 4 million cubic meters are harvested. m wood per year. Recycling is 25% of the volume of blanks. It is on its development that it is focused today. The main logging areas (Soviet, Kondinsky and Oktyabrsky) are located in the western part of the district. Forestry enterprises are based mainly on the banks of the Obi, Irtysh, Condi, as well as along the railways of Ivdel - Priobye and Tyumen - Surgut. Today, the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous District is one of the most prosperous among the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. According to experts -Economists, the advantages of the region in terms of investment projects are very high. First, it is a developed structure among the means of communication - they are already at the global level. Secondly, it is almost the most politically stable region of Russia. Finally, local legislation regulating the economic activity of entrepreneurs is reasonably and understandable - lawyers consider. According to the district administration, such investment projects as the construction of the 2nd block of Nizhnevartovskaya GRES, the construction of an oil refineries, pulp and paper and phansteronic plants, the organization of the production of high-purity quartz concentrates on the basis of Polyarny Quartz OJSC, is most promising. The last project is especially curious, since at the moment the production of 90% of high-purity quartz is accounted for by the USA. Without pure quartz concentrates, the cultivation of silicon crystals, which, in turn, are the basis for the production of modern electronics. It is the Khanty-Mansiysk quartz raw materials that are best suited for the release of super-free quartz, in which medicine needs and the electronic industry - they confirmed, in particular, German specialists.
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