What is FAO: decoding, explanation The issue of the early maturity of a hybrid is paramount; the indices of the International Organization for Food and Agriculture at the UN help to understand it. In other words, this is a conditional FAO indicator. The organization took 9 known hybrids and varieties that differed in biological development or early maturity. They are listed as a standard in one of five groups biological development. Thus, the early-ripening group according to the classification of the International Organization is indices up to FAO 199, mid-early hybrids are numbered from FAO 200 to FAO 299. Mid-ripening varieties are assigned numbers from FAO 300 to FAO 399. Middle-late - FAO 400-499 and the late-ripening group includes from FAO 500 and higher. The standard hybrid belonging to the first group, having 20% moisture content at the time of harvest, was given the FAO number 160. The hybrid of the second group with a moisture content of 25% received the FAO number 240. Therefore, when breeding a new seed with a moisture content of 22%, the corn variety should be assigned FAO value 190. This is achieved by the following calculations: The calculation is based on not only the percentage of grain moisture - important indicator its quality, but also: the moisture content of the whole plant;
dates of wax ripeness, etc.
Therefore, the lower the number in the “FAO decoding” index scale, the faster the hybrid is. Where and for what is FAO used? The FAO index is used to assess early maturity and compare cereal hybrids according to groups of this biological indicator. The entire world crop range is distributed according to FAO numbers in the range 100-999. The units correspond to average temperatures. The main area of its application is agronomy and plant breeding. Classification of corn hybrids according to FAO The classification of the International Food and Agriculture Organization is as follows: FAO maturity group Growing season, full ripeness (days) Sum of temperatures
average daily effective
Early ripening varieties 100-200 90-100 2200 800-900
Mid-early varieties 201-300 100-115 2400 1100
Mid-season varieties 301-400 115-120 2600 1170
Mid-late varieties 401-500 120-130 2800 1210
Late-ripening varieties 501-600 130-140 3000 1250-1300
The following have gained great popularity in Ukraine, Russia and Belarus: FAO 280 - a mid-early hybrid with a tooth-like grain type, highly resistant to lodging, and tolerant to major diseases. At the beginning of its development, the seed formed a large cob with a thin stem, quickly released moisture, which was reflected in high yields; plant density at the time of harvest reaches 80 thousand/ha;
FAO 330 is a mid-season variety with high adaptability to various growing technologies and agroclimatic conditions, high tolerance to drought and heat, demonstrated high yield potential, good moisture return, powerful root system. It is adapted to early sowing and is highly responsive to a good agricultural background. 65 thousand/ha - standing density of corn before harvesting.
(Food and Agriculture Organization - FAO) is an intergovernmental international organization dealing with issues of food resources and agricultural development in various countries.
FAO was founded on 16 October 1945 in Quebec, Canada, where, at the invitation of the United Nations Interim Commission on Food and Agriculture, representatives of states met to sign the Charter of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
FAO plays a leading role in international activities aimed at combating hunger. Working with both developed and developing countries, it serves as a neutral forum where all states meet on an equal basis to negotiate agreements and conduct discussions on food policy issues.
FAO also helps developing countries and countries with economies in transition to modernize and improve agriculture, forestry and fisheries practices and ensure adequate nutrition for all populations.
A central focus of FAO's work is achieving food security for all countries: ensuring that people regularly have access to sufficient, high-quality food to live active, healthy lives.
The main goals of FAO are to improve the quality of nutrition, increase labor productivity in agriculture, improvement of living conditions rural population and promoting global economic growth.
To ensure the ongoing activities of the organization, the Conference elects for a period of 6 years (with the right of re-election) the Director General of FAO, who is accountable to the Conference and the Council.
The current CEO, José Graziano da Silva, took office on 1 January 2012 and will serve until 31 July 2015.
According to the Charter, FAO has working bodies in the form of commissions, committees, working groups, etc., which are formed from representatives of member states in accordance with the procedures and duration of validity approved for them by the Conference or the FAO Council.
FAO's headquarters are located in Rome, Italy. In addition, the Organization has representative offices in 130 countries.
FAO's decentralized offices form a network consisting of five regional offices, eleven subregional offices, two multidisciplinary teams of specialists, 74 country offices (excluding those in regional and subregional offices), eight offices with technical experts or FAO representatives, and representative offices with multiple accreditation in 36 countries. In addition, FAO has five liaison offices and four information offices in developed countries.
FAO's activities are financed through statutory and voluntary contributions. Statutory dues are contributions from Member States, the amount of which is determined by the FAO Conference. FAO's regular budget for 2012-2013 is one billion dollars.
Voluntary contributions from Member States and other partners are used to provide technical and emergency assistance to governments and directly contribute to FAO's core activities. In 2012-13, voluntary contributions are expected to exceed $1.4 billion.
The material was prepared based on information from RIA Novosti and open sources
FOOD AND AGRICULTURE
UNITED NATIONS
(FAO)
(Reference Information)
18-10-2005
History of creation. Decision on the need to create an intergovernmental organization for coordination and implementation international solutions and action plans aimed at solving the food problem at the global, regional and national levels were adopted at the International Conference on Food and Agriculture held in May 1943 in Hot Springs (USA). Representatives of 44 states took part in its work, incl. The USSR, which acted as founders of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations/FAO (short for “FAO” - Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations). In the spring of 1945, the Temporary Commission created at the Conference completed its work on preparing the draft FAO Constitution.
The official establishment of FAO took place on October 16, 1945 at its first Conference in Quebec (Canada) after the Provisional Commission received notifications from 20 states that they had accepted the Charter of the Organization. This day is celebrated annually as World Food Day.
As of March 1, 2005, 187 countries were members of FAO and European Union(EU).
In 1946, an agreement was concluded between FAO and the United Nations, according to which FAO received the status of the UN specialized agency for nutrition, food and agriculture.
FAO's main objectives: improving the quality of nutrition and living standards of people, ensuring increased efficiency in the production and distribution of all food and agricultural products, improving the situation of the rural population and thereby promoting the growth of the world economy and ridding humanity of hunger and malnutrition.
Main activities of FAO. FAO's activities contain, in addition to professional, an important political component, since the agri-food sector of the economy plays an important role in domestic and foreign policy each country.
Within the framework of its statutory functions and activities, FAO carries out specific work such as:
Advising Member States in developing effective agricultural policy, including land and other reforms;
Assistance in the development of national legislation on agricultural and other sections of the agro-industrial complex;
Development efficient systems use of land, water, forest and fisheries resources and ensuring environmental protection;
Providing services for the provision of information and direct transfer of advanced technologies to Member States;
Creation of a global gene pool of plant and animal genetic resources;
Output international standards quality various types commercial products agriculture, applied in global trade, taking into account the requirements of the World Trade Organization (WTO);
Help you improve efficiency plant protection by developing relevant international standards and regulations, complying with the requirements International Convention plant protection, of which FAO is the depositary;
Development and implementation of measures to combat economically especially dangerous diseases animals (foot and mouth disease, African swine fever, etc.);
Created for use by member states of the Organization automated systems scientific and technical information on agriculture and food;
Creation of a global system for space observation and transmission of information on agroclimatic conditions, the state of crops, biomass, expected harvest, as well as soil erosion processes, etc.;
Provision of services by the FAO Investment Center to member countries for the preparation and implementation of technical projects at the expense of its own and external funds;
Preparation analytical materials on the state of production and trade of agricultural and other goods in the world and individual countries; collection, synthesis and regular publication of statistical data on this topic;
Preparation and holding of international forums, technical meetings and meetings in all areas of FAO activities in accordance with programs approved by the FAO Conference or Council (such as the World Food Conference, 1974; World Food Conference agrarian reforms, 1978; World Food Summit 1996; World Food Summit: Five Years On, 2002; regional conferences held on a regular basis and other such events).
FAO engages other intergovernmental and non-governmental agricultural organizations in the implementation of the strategy and regular programmes. Among them are organizations for crop production and plant protection; on animal husbandry and veterinary medicine; on mechanization and reclamation of agriculture; for the food and food processing industry; on forestry and woodworking industry; on fisheries; for trade in agricultural products, etc. In total, FAO engages more than 100 such organizations.
FAO has established and maintains business relations with many international organizations, primarily with such specialized UN agencies as the UN World Food Program (WFP), International Fund Agricultural Development (IFAD), United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), International Labor Organization (ILO), World Trade Organization (WTO), World Health Organization (WHO), United Nations Development Program (UNDP), United Nations Educational and Scientific Organization and culture (UNESCO), International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD), International Monetary Fund (IMF). Representatives of international organizations with which FAO has entered into cooperation agreements usually attend sessions of the Organization's Conference and meetings of interest to them held through FAO as observers.
In the system of international organizations of the UN system, FAO is the lead intergovernmental organization for the implementation of decisions taken international community in the field of food and agriculture, as well as other sectors of the agro-industrial complex, including solutions for sustainable development, environmental protection, and the development of global trade.
Special programs FAO helps member countries prepare for food emergencies and, if such emergencies occur, provide special assistance through these programmes. FAO's Global Information and Early Warning System provides current information on the world's food situation and highlights countries at risk of food shortages as a guide for potential donors. Its food security assistance system aims to help member countries, particularly developing countries, build national food reserves.
FAO's activities are carried out in accordance with a long-term strategy and regular biennial work programs developed on its basis.
Organizational structure FAO. The highest body of FAO is the Conference of Representatives of all Member States of the Organization, convened once every two years. The Charter provides for the possibility of convening extraordinary (special) sessions of the Conference.
The Conference determines the general policy of the Organization, approves its program and budget for the next two-year period; adopts rules of procedure and financial regulations; makes recommendations on food and agriculture issues for their practical use; may make recommendations to any international organization on any matter within the competence of FAO.
In addition to member states, associate members may participate in the work of the Conference session (without the right of casting vote); it may be attended by observers from non-member states of the Organization, intergovernmental and non-governmental organizations.
Issues of a substantive nature and policy of the Organization in the field of food and agriculture, as well as those relating to the program and budget of FAO, are considered in two commissions created during the session of the Conference - Commission I and Commission II, respectively. All other issues (including procedural, legal and administrative) are considered at the plenary sessions of the Conference, at which, during the general debate, delegations present their countries' positions on food and agricultural issues.
In addition, three subsidiary bodies are created for the duration of the Conference session - the General Committee, the Credentials Committee and the Resolutions Committee.
During the period between sessions of the Conference governing body The organization is a Council of 49 member states elected by the Conference for a period of three years. At the same time, the composition of the Council is renewed annually by one third. Council sessions are held as often as it deems necessary. As a rule, they convene twice a year. The independent Chairman of the Council is appointed by the Conference for a period of two years.
According to the Constitution, FAO has working bodies in the form of commissions, committees, working groups, etc., which are formed from representatives of member states in accordance with the procedures, terms of reference and validity period approved for them by the Conference or the FAO Council. Expert and Maintenance the work of these bodies is ensured by the relevant units of the FAO Secretariat.
At its first session after the Conference, the Council elects a Program Committee. Finance Committee and Committee on Constitutional and Legal Affairs, all members of which are elected to the listed committees for a period of two years.
In addition to them, the Council also has permanent open-ended committees, in the work of which any member state of the Organization can take part. These include: the Committee on Commodities, the Committee on Fisheries, the Committee on Forests, the Committee on Agriculture and the Committee on World Food Security (CFS).
To ensure the ongoing activities of the Organization, the Conference elects for a period of 6 years (with the right of re-election) the Director-General of FAO, who is accountable to the Conference and the Council. From 1994 to the present, he is Jacques Diouf (Senegal), whose term of office expires on December 31, 2005 (he was re-elected for a second term in 2000). CEO heads the FAO Secretariat, consisting of 8 departments.
The Department of Agriculture consists of the Plant Production and Protection Division, the Land and Water Resources Development Division, the Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Division, the joint FAO/IAEA Division for the Use of Nuclear Technologies in Agriculture and Food (located in Vienna, Austria), the Agriculture Support Division economy (issues of economics, financing, mechanization of production, post-harvest processing, marketing, etc.).
Department forestry consists of the Division of Forestry Policy and Planning, Division forest resources, Forest Products Division, as well as the Forestry Program Coordination Division and the Information and Communications Division.
The Fisheries Department consists of the Fisheries Policy and Planning Division with the International Institutions and Liaison Service and the Development Planning Service; Department of Fisheries Resources with the Resource Service in inland waters and Aquaculture and the Marine Fisheries Service; Department of the Fishing Industry with the Service of Technology, Fisheries and the Service of Fish Utilization and Marketing; and the Information, Documentation and Statistics Branch and the Program Coordination Branch.
The Department of Economics and Social Affairs consists of the Division for Analysis of Agricultural and Economic Development; Department of Commodity Products and Trade; Food and Nutrition Division and Statistics Division. The Department provides assistance to FAO Member States in developing policies, strategies and guidelines on issues assigned to it; provides advisory and technical services; collects, analyzes and disseminates information within its competence.
The Sustainable Development Department consists of the Division rural development with the Land Tenancy Service and the Rural Institutions Service and participation in them; Department of Research, Propaganda and Training with the Service of Propaganda, Education and Communications, the Service for the Development of Science and Technology, the Service natural resources and Environment and the secretariat of the Technical Advisory Committee of the Joint Agricultural Research Group; Population and Gender Division with the Development and Population Service and the Gender and Development Service.
The Department is designed to promote the sustainable development of agriculture and other sectors of the agro-industrial complex, as well as rural areas of the Organization’s member states, including issues of rational use of natural resources and environmental protection.
The Technical Cooperation Department consists of the FAO Policy Assistance Division with the Field Program Development Service, the Technical Assistance Policy Coordination Service and the Agricultural Policy Support Service; Emergency Operations and Recovery Division; Field Operations Division and Investment Division (including the Investment Center established in 1964).
The Administration and Finance Department consists of the Finance Division, the Human Resources Management Division, the information systems and Technology and the Division of Administrative Services.
The General Affairs and Information Department consists of the Conference and Council Services and Protocol Division, the Information Division and the Documents and Library Affairs Division.
FAO staff. In 1994 - 2002 FAO implemented a program to decentralize the Organization's activities. Over 1,330 different posts were transferred locally (mainly to FAO Member States). At the same time, it was reduced by 30% numerical strength FAO Secretariat with 5561 people. in 1994 to 3950 in 2002 (-1611 people).
As of January 1, 2005, the staff of the FAO Secretariat numbered over 3,450 people, incl. over 1,450 professional staff and 2,000 general service staff. Work to further reform and restructure the FAO Secretariat continues.
Regional offices and liaison offices. FAO has representation in more than 100 countries, as well as the following regional offices and subregional offices:
Regional Office for Africa (Accra, Ghana) and Subregional Office for South and East Africa(Harare, Zimbabwe);
Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific (Bangkok, Thailand) and Subregional Office for the Pacific Islands (Apia, Samoa);
Regional Office for Europe (Rome, Italy) and Subregional Office for Eastern and Central Europe (Budapest, Hungary);
Regional office for Latin America And Caribbean(Santiago, Chile) and the Subregional Office for the Caribbean (Bridgetown, Barbados);
Regional Office for the Middle East (Cairo, Egypt) and Sub-Regional Office for North Africa. (Tunisia, Tunisia).
In addition, FAO has a liaison office in Brussels, Belgium; Washington, USA; Geneva, Switzerland; Yokohama, Japan and New York, USA.
National FAO committees have been established in many countries.
Sources of financing. FAO's program activities are financed both from its own budget and from funds raised by the Organization from external sources(voluntary contributions from member states and other international organizations). The revenue side of FAO's own budget consists of annual membership fees member states of the Organization. FAO Budget 2004-2005 approved in the amount of US$749.1 million.
Official and working languages. The official and working languages of FAO are English, Arabic, Spanish, Chinese and French.
FAO publications.FAO publications are numerous and varied - from small popular brochures to extensive special studies and monographs, various types of yearbooks, quarterly and monthly bulletins, magazines, meeting materials, etc.
Since 1947, FAO has published annual State of Food and Agriculture reviews. A wealth of factual material is contained in the Statistical Yearbook of Food and Agriculture. This publication consists of two volumes: the first provides data on world production of the main types of agricultural products, the second is devoted to an overview of world trade in agricultural goods. In addition to it, FAO publishes the quarterly journal “Food and Agriculture Legislation”, which publishes the texts of legislative acts of various countries on food and agriculture issues, and the “Monthly Bulletin on Economics and Agricultural Statistics”, which, in addition to statistical materials, publishes articles on the situation in agriculture and notes on individual groups of agricultural products.
FAO publishes the two-part Forest Products Yearbook, which analyzes the state of forest products production and markets and provides detailed statistics on the production and trade of major forest products. In addition, FAO publishes a quarterly magazine on forestry and forestry issues, Unasilva. The FAO Bulletin on Plant Protection is published annually.
FAO publishes the Fisheries Statistical Yearbook, which is also published in two volumes: the first contains statistics on fish catch, production and distribution of fishery products; the second is data on the import and export of fish products. In addition to the yearbook, the FAO Fisheries Bulletin is published quarterly.
FAO headquarters has been located in Rome (Italy) since 1951. Before that, it was located in Washington (USA). Postal address: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Vialle delle Terme di Caracalla, 1 – 00100 – Roma – Italia. Phone: (39 06) 570 512. Fax: (39 06) 570 531 52.
FAO has its own website on the Internet (www.fao.org).
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
History of creation. The decision to create a specialized intergovernmental organization on agricultural issues was made in May 1943 in Hot Springs (USA) during the International Conference on Food and Agriculture. Then 44 states, incl. USSR, became the founders of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO).
In the spring of 1945, the FAO Charter was developed. The official establishment of FAO took place on October 16, 1945 at its first Conference in Quebec (Canada). This day is celebrated annually as World Food Day.
In 1946, FAO received the status of the UN specialized agency for nutrition, food and agriculture.
As of December 2017, 194 countries (including the Russian Federation) and the European Union are members of FAO .
FAO's main objectives: improving the quality of nutrition and living standards of people, ensuring increased efficiency in the production and distribution of food and agricultural products, improving the situation of the rural population and thereby promoting the growth of the world economy and ridding humanity of hunger and malnutrition.
Activities. In the UN system
FAO is the lead intergovernmental organization for the development and implementation of food and agriculture solutions. FAO's activities are carried out in accordance with a long-term strategy and regular biennial work programs developed on its basis.
FAO carries out the following tasks:
Advising member states in developing effective agricultural policies, including land and other reforms;
Assistance in the development of national legislation on agricultural and other sections of the agro-industrial complex;
Development of effective systems for using land, water, forest and fisheries resources and ensuring environmental protection;
Providing services for the provision of information and direct transfer of advanced technologies to Member States;
Creation of a global gene pool of plant and animal genetic resources;
Development of international quality standards for various types of commercial agricultural products used in world trade, taking into account the requirements of the World Trade Organization (WTO);
Providing assistance in improving the effectiveness of plant protection through the development of relevant international standards and regulations, compliance with the requirements of the International Plant Protection Convention, of which FAO is the depositary;
Development and implementation of measures to combat particularly dangerous animal diseases (foot and mouth disease, African swine fever, etc.);
Creation of automated systems of scientific and technical information on agriculture and food for use by the Member States of the Organization;
Creation of a global system for space observation and transmission of information on agroclimatic conditions, the state of crops, biomass, expected harvest, as well as soil erosion processes, etc.;
Providing services to Member States for the preparation and implementation of technical projects at the expense of own and external funds;
Preparation of analytical materials on the state of production and trade of agricultural and other goods in the world and individual countries; collection, synthesis and regular publication of statistical data on this topic;
Preparation and conduct of international forums, technical meetings and meetings in all areas of FAO activities, as well as regional conferences held on a regular basis and other industry events.
FAO technical assistance programs are aimed at supporting farming in countries in need, primarily developing ones. Through its projects, FAO supports sustainable agriculture and preparedness for food emergencies. If a country is already experiencing a humanitarian crisis, FAO provides the necessary emergency assistance within its mandate (supply of seeds, replenishment of livestock, vaccination, restoration of irrigation systems, etc.).
Organizational structure of FAO. Supreme body FAO is a conference of representatives of all member countries of the Organization, convened once every two years. The Charter provides for the possibility of convening extraordinary (special) sessions of the Conference.
The Conference determines the general policy of the Organization, approves its program and budget for the next two-year period; adopts rules of procedure and financial regulations; makes recommendations on food and agriculture issues for their practical use.
In addition to member states, associate members (without voting rights) may take part in the work of the Conference session. Observers from states that are not members of the Organization, intergovernmental and non-governmental organizations may attend.
During the period between sessions of the Conference, the governing body of the Organization is the Council, consisting of 49 member states elected by the Conference for a period of three years. At the same time, the composition of the Council is renewed annually by one third. Sessions of the Council are usually convened twice a year. The independent Chairman of the Council is appointed by the Conference for a period of two years.
FAO has working bodies in the form of commissions, committees, working groups, etc., which are formed from representatives of member states in accordance with the procedures, terms of reference and validity period approved for them by the Conference or the FAO Council. Expertise and technical support for the work of these bodies is provided by the relevant units of the FAO Secretariat.
At its first session after the Conference, the Council elects the Program Committee, the Finance Committee and the Committee on Statutory and Legal Affairs. Members of the listed committees are elected for a period of two years.
In addition to them, the Council also has permanent open-ended committees, in the work of which any member state of the Organization can take part. These include: the Commodities Committee, the Fisheries Committee, the Forestry Committee, the Agriculture Committee and the World Food Security Committee.
CEO. To ensure the ongoing activities of the Organization, the Conference elects for a term of 4 years (with the right of re-election) the Director-General of FAO, who is accountable to the Conference and the Council. From 2012 to the present, he is José Graziano da Silva (Brazil), whose term of office expires in July 2019 (he was re-elected for a second term in 2015).
The Director-General heads the FAO secretariat.
FAO staff. As of November 2017, staffing table FAO employs 2,945 people, more than 55% of whom are at headquarters in Rome, the rest in FAO's decentralized offices.
The total number of personnel of the organization, including freelancers, consultants and other categories of workers, is more than 13.5 thousand people.
FAO offices. The organization has more than 100 country offices, as well as a number of regional and subregional offices, in particular:
Regional Office for Africa (Accra, Ghana) and sub-regional offices for Central Africa(Gabon), for Eastern Africa (Ethiopia) and South Africa(Harare, Zimbabwe);
Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific (Bangkok, Thailand) and Subregional Office for the Pacific Islands (Apia, Samoa);
Regional office for Europe and Central Asia(Budapest, Hungary) and the Subregional Office for Central Asia (Ankara, Turkey);
Regional Office for Latin America and the Caribbean (Santiago, Chile) and Subregional Offices for the Caribbean (Bridgetown, Barbados) and Central America(Panama);
Regional Office for the Middle East (Cairo, Egypt) and Sub-Regional Office for North Africa(Tunisia, Tunisia).
FAO also has liaison offices in Brussels, Washington, Geneva, Yokohama and New York. In 2015, an FAO Office was opened in Moscow to serve as a liaison office Russian Federation(address: Leontyevsky per. 9).
Sources of financing. Program activities FAO is financed both from its own budget and from funds raised by the Organization from external sources (voluntary contributions from member states, the private sector and other international organizations).
The FAO budget is formed from annual contributions from the Organization's member states in accordance with the scale of contributions. For 2016-2017 and 2018-2019 the budget is just over $1 billion. USA for two years. Voluntary contributions from countries for 2016-2017. – about 1.6 billion dollars.
Russia's interaction with FAO is constructive in nature. Experts from specialized Russian federal bodies executive power regularly participate in sessions of FAO bodies in accordance with their specialization. A confidential dialogue is maintained with the FAO Secretariat and its management.
Russia acts as a reliable partner in a number of FAO projects, including those financed by our country. Among them, a project to combat the spread of antimicrobial resistance in a number of CIS countries and a project to assist Armenia, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan in the field of food safety, nutrition and agriculture.
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. FAO's work covers eight strategic areas. The Organization's tasks include food monitoring; forecasting food security taking into account the state of natural resources and scientific knowledge; international food regulation; national policies, institutional and legal mechanisms; ensuring sustainable growth in production and increasing food availability; adaptation of technologies to create conditions for intensifying production and ensuring adequacy of food supplies; security, rational use natural resources. A separate task includes monitoring the implementation of the decisions of the World Food Summit, carried out jointly with the UN Chief Commissioner for Human Rights. Ensuring food security, meaning the provision of targeted assistance to countries in greatest need, is the most important strategic direction in the functional activities of FAO. FAO's long-term strategy is focused on ensuring food security, sustainable development of the agro-industrial complex, as well as improving food trade. The organization has significant budgetary and extrabudgetary funds (the total budget reaches more than a billion US dollars). FAO operates many programs in the field of agriculture and food, providing assistance to countries in solving socio-economic, scientific and technological, organizational, legal and financial problems. FAO involves organizations whose activities are aimed at providing assistance to solve food supply problems. This group includes: Committee on Food Aid Policies and Programs, World Food Program (WFP), International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), United Nations Development Program (UNDP), Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO). FAO is working with the Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Advisory Group on international studies in the field of agriculture, the World Health Organization (WHO), the United Nations Organization for environment(UNEP), International Labor Organization (ILO), World Trade Organization (WTO), International monetary fund(IMF), the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD), other institutions, is in contact with the Population Fund, the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), etc. In the implementation of economic and technical programs FAO is attended by 80 sectoral governmental and non-governmental international organizations. Some of them received regional status. FAO integrates the activities of agricultural and other international organizations, covering the entire range of socio-economic, scientific and technological, trade and economic, environmental, information and other aspects of activities aimed at ensuring food security at national, regional and international levels. The organization has developed several systems for collecting, storing and distributing information about the achievements of scientific and technological progress in countries around the world (AGRIS, ARIS), and has approved a number of product quality standards used in international trade. In Europe, through the FAO, the Cooperative System of Research Networks in Agriculture (ESCO-RENA), which includes leading institutes of soybean, corn, sunflower, etc., as well as the Space Observation Center, which receives information from American, Russian, French and Japanese satellites, has been created , processing it using its own methodology and techniques. The center provides FAO member countries with information on agro-climatic conditions of production, the condition of crops, soil erosion processes, etc. FAO has an Investment Center, which has ensured the implementation of about 2.5 thousand technical projects for member countries total amount$56 billion. As part of technical assistance programs, a large research institute has been established in Bulgaria to study the biopotential of the earth.
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