Doctor Boqueria. A real doctor does not belong to himself. hours per day

Laureate of the Lenin and State Prizes, Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation, Academician of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Chief Cardiac Surgeon of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Doctor medical sciences, Professor

Born on December 22, 1939 in the city of Ochamchira (Abkhazia). Father - Boqueria Anton Ivanovich (1900-1943), engineer. Mother - Boqueria Olga Ivanovna (1905-1971), teacher primary school. Spouse - Boqueria Olga Aleksandrovna (born 1940), head of the department of the clinic of propaedeutics of internal diseases at the Moscow Medical Academy named after I.M. Sechenov. Daughter - Boqueria Ekaterina Leonidovna (born 1971), candidate of medical sciences, cardiologist-neonatologist at the 67th city hospital in Moscow. Second daughter - Boqueria Olga Leonidovna (born 1973), Doctor of Medical Sciences, senior researcher at the Research Institute of Agricultural Sciences. Grandson - Anton Petrovich Gukovsky (born 1995), schoolboy.
In 1965, L.A. Boqueria Graduated from the 1st Moscow Medical Institute named after I.M. Sechenov and entered graduate school at the Department of Topographic Anatomy and Operative Surgery under Academician of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences V.V. Kovanov. In 1968, having completed his graduate studies, Leo Antonovich was assigned as a senior research fellow to the Institute of Cardiovascular Surgery named after A. N. Bakulev, with whom he forever connected his life. From 1974 to 1977 he headed the hyperbaric oxygenation laboratory. From 1977 to 1993 he worked as Deputy Director for Science, Head of the Department of Surgical Treatment of Heart Rhythm Disorders. From 1993 to 1994 Acting director of the Institute of Cardiac Surgery of the Scientific Center for Cardiovascular Surgery named after A. N. Bakulev of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences. In 1994, after the death of his teacher and friend V.I. Burakovsky, he was elected director of the V.I. Burakovsky Institute of Cardiac Surgery of the A.N. Bakulev Scientific Center for Cardiovascular Surgery of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences and the A.N. Bakulev Scientific Center for Cardiovascular Surgery of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences.
L. A. Bockeria has pioneered, new for our country, work on the theoretical substantiation and clinical use of the hyperbaric oxygenation method in cardiac surgery in patients with high operational risk. He personally performed more than 200 heart surgeries under barooperative conditions, a number of which were completely new in surgical practice.
In 1980 Leo Antonovich created the country's first specialized department for the surgical treatment of cardiac arrhythmias and introduced into clinical practice electrophysiological methods for diagnosing arrhythmias, which opened a new direction in world cardiology and cardiac surgery. He was the first to introduce methods of epicardial electrical pulse destruction of accessory pathways, cryodestruction and laser photocoagulation of arrhythmogenic zones, and was the first in the country to perform the operation of implanting an automatic cardioverter-defibrillator.
L.A.’s personal surgical experience is unique. Boqueria, obtained during several thousand open-heart surgeries. Academician Boqueria belongs to a small number of outstanding cardiac surgeons in the world who perform the entire known arsenal of heart operations using artificial circulation for a wide variety of pathologies.
Leo Antonovich Boqueria is the initiator of the development of another new section of cardiac surgery in our country - minimally invasive heart surgery. He performed the first successful operations using the latest techniques on patients with congenital and acquired heart defects and patients with life-threatening arrhythmias and coronary heart disease (CHD), including the use of three-dimensional images of the surgical field, which increases the safety and reliability of operations. Great contribution from L.A. Boqueria contributed to the problem of surgical treatment of ischemic heart disease. He introduced into clinical practice new methods of physiological reconstruction of the left ventricle (LV) in patients with LV aneurysms. His great merit is the introduction into clinical practice of transmyocardial revascularization operations using the very powerful laser CO2 in the most severe patients with coronary artery disease with damage to the distal coronary arteries. A new step in the surgical treatment of this category of patients was the combination of intraoperative use of transmyocardial laser revascularization and coronary artery bypass grafting.
With the name L.A. Boqueria related discovery new chapter in domestic cardiac surgery - the formation of approaches to surgical treatment of terminal heart failure. He was the first to develop the concept of dynamic cardioplasty, including for the first time in the world in children. Special thanks to Leo Antonovich is to perform the first implantations of artificial heart ventricles in our country, in particular the Novokor system, which opens up new opportunities for previously doomed patients. He developed and successfully performed new operations in severe cardiac surgical patients with various forms cardiomyopathies.
Accumulation of similar clinical experience led to the active development of related issues of cardiology, resuscitation, anesthesiology, and artificial circulation. Thus, at the Scientific Center for Cardiovascular Surgery named after A. N. Bakulev of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, on the initiative of L. A. Boqueria was created whole line new clinical units with the highest diagnostic and treatment potential. Departments for the surgical treatment of cardiomyopathies, non-invasive arrhythmology, surgical treatment of tachyarrhythmias, terminal heart failure, electrophysiology laboratories, hemodialysis and a number of others were created.
L.A. Boqueria is one of the co-authors and developer of the “Moscow-Regions-Moscow” teleconferences, the purpose of which is to provide full consultation to patients and doctors from remote regions of Russia by the Center’s leading specialists.
In addition to intensive operational activities and extensive administrative work at the post General Director Leo Center Antonovich finds time and energy to actively engage in the methodology of medical science and pedagogical activity. He is the founder of the country's largest cardiac surgery school, a talented teacher who has trained more than one generation of cardiac surgeons, cardiologists, resuscitators and other related specialties. L.A. Boqueria is the head of the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery at the I.M. Sechenov Moscow Medical Academy and the Russian Academy of Postgraduate Education. Under his leadership, 76 candidate and doctoral dissertations have been defended and 37 dissertations are being prepared for defense. Many of his students are doctors of medical sciences, professors, and corresponding members of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Eight of his students received awards Lenin Komsomol, and one - State Prize.
L.A. Boqueria as the Chief Cardiac Surgeon of the Russian Ministry of Health, he actively contributes to the development of this area in the country. He is the initiator of the creation of a number of scientific and practical cardiac surgery centers in Russia.
In scientific and medical world Leo Antonovich enjoys the highest authority and well-deserved respect as a serious scientist and an excellent surgeon who gave life to thousands of patients.
L.A. Boqueria published over 1000 printed works, more than 100 of them abroad. He is the author of a number of problematic monographs and the only manual on cardiovascular surgery in the country. The most important monographs: “Hyperbaric oxygenation in cardiovascular surgery” (1974, 1981), “Cardiovascular surgery” (1989, 1996), “Tachyarrhythmias” (1989), “History of cardiovascular surgery” (1997, 1998) , "Minimally invasive heart surgery" (1998), "History of the A. N. Bakulev Scientific Center for Cardiovascular Surgery of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences" (1998, 2002), "Lectures on cardiovascular surgery" (1999-2002), "Endovascular and minimally invasive surgery of the heart and blood vessels in children" (1999), "Transmyoacardial laser revascularization" (2001), "Lectures on cardiology" (2001), "Minimally invasive myocardial revascularization" (2001), "Research Center for Cardiovascular Surgery named after A. .N.Bakuleva RAMS" (2001), "Ventricular arrhythmias" (2002), "Interventional methods of treating coronary heart disease" (2002), "Three-dimensional echocardiography" (2002), "Functional diagnostics in cardiology" (2002), "Essays History of Coronary Surgery" (2002), "Guide to Operating Cases in Cardiac Surgery" (2002), "Surgery mitral disease after closed commissurotomy" (2003), "Surgical treatment of ischemic mitral regurgitation" (2003), "Impaired cerebral venous circulation in patients with cardiovascular pathology" (2003).
Public recognition of the merits of L. A. Bokeria is that in 1996, 1997, 1999 and 2002. was recognized by the Russian Biographical Institute as “Person of the Year”, and in 2000 - “Person of the Decade” in the “Medicine” category.
In 2002, by the decision of the mayor of Moscow Yu. M. Luzhkov Leo Antonovich Boqueria awarded the title "Man-Legend". Laureate of the All-Russian Prize of the Government, the Union of Industrialists and Entrepreneurs and the Third Millennium Foundation (Russian National Olympus).
In 1991, L.A. Boqueria was elected corresponding member, and in 1994 - academician of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences.
Leo Antonovich also elected full member of the American Association of Thoracic Surgeons (1991), member of the board of the European Society of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgeons (1992), member of the Scientific Board of the International Cardiothoracic Center of Monaco (1992), president of the Russian scientific society cardiovascular surgeons (1994), member of the Serbian Academy of Sciences (1997), honorary member of the American College of Surgeons (1999), director of the Center for Interventional and Surgical Arrhythmology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (1998), chief cardiac surgeon of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (1996).
L.A. Boqueria- Lenin Prize laureate (1976), State Prize laureate (1986), Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation (1994), awarded the Order of Merit for the Fatherland, III degree (1999), Order of Honor (Georgia, 1999), Order St. Sergius Radonezh II degree (2001).
He is an honorary citizen of the cities of Poti (1981) and Tbilisi (1999). In 2003, he was elected President of the all-Russian public organization "National Health League".
IN free time loves to read and enjoys painting.
Lives and works in Moscow.

21.12.2009

Russian cardiac surgeon Leo Antonovich Bockeria born on December 22, 1939 in Abkhazia, in the city of Ochamchira.

In 1965, Leo Bockeria graduated from the First Moscow Medical Institute named after I.M. Sechenov and entered graduate school at the department of topographic anatomy and operative surgery.

In 1968, having completed his postgraduate studies, he was assigned as a senior researcher at the Bakulev Institute of Cardiovascular Surgery.

In 1973, he defended his doctoral dissertation on the topic “Hyperbaric oxygenation (HBOT) in cardiac surgery.” Has the title of professor.

From 1974 to 1977, Leo Bockeria headed the hyperbaric oxygenation laboratory at the Bakulev Institute of Cardiovascular Surgery.

From 1977 to 1993 he worked as Deputy Director for scientific work, head of the department of surgical treatment of cardiac arrhythmias.

In 1993, in connection with the organization of the Scientific Center for Cardiovascular Surgery of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Leo Bockeria was appointed director of the Institute of Cardiac Surgery of this Center.

Since September 1994, Bockeria has been acting, and since November 1994, director of the Bakulev Scientific Center for Cardiovascular Surgery of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences (SCSS RAMS).

In 1994, he was elected a full member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, specializing in cardiovascular surgery.

Leo Boqueria is one of the founders of surgical treatment of cardiac arrhythmias - the newest direction clinical medicine.

Its main directions scientific activity: surgery of arrhythmias and coronary heart disease, congenital and acquired heart defects, terminal heart failure, hyperbaric oxygenation, minimally invasive heart surgery, the use of laser in heart surgery, the use of computers in surgery and mathematical modeling, modeling of cardiovascular system pathology in experiments, target planning and methodology of science. Leo Bockeria was the first in the country to work on hyperbaric oxygenation. He personally performed almost two hundred heart surgeries under high blood pressure in the barooperative room.

Unique is his personal experience of open heart surgery for tachyarrhythmias (more than 2000 cases).

Leo Antonovich Bockeria is one of the leading cardiac surgeons on the planet. He repeatedly traveled abroad to perform demonstration operations and performed the first successful operations for tachyarrhythmias in Italy and Poland.

International recognition of Boqueria's merits is his election in 1998 as an Honorary Member of the American College of Surgeons, the highest title in the surgical hierarchy, where the 100 best surgeons in the world are elected for life.

He is a full member of the American Association of Thoracic Surgeons (1991), a member of the European Society of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgeons and the International Cardiothoracic Center of Monaco (1992), and a member of the scientific council International Center cardiac surgeons (1993), member of the faculties of a number of regular international conferences in France, Italy, Switzerland.

For outstanding achievements in the field of medicine and for the assistance and support provided during the blockade of Yugoslavia, Leo Bockeria was awarded the diploma “Honorary Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of Serbia.”

In 1976, Bockeria was awarded the highest award of the USSR - the Lenin Prize, and in 1986 - for his innovative work in the treatment of cardiac arrhythmias - the USSR State Prize.

Leo Bockeria was repeatedly named “Person of the Year” by the Russian Biographical Institute in the “Medicine” section (1997, 1999, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009).

In 2003, Bokeria became a laureate of the prestigious international Golden Hippocrates Award for his outstanding personal contribution to the development of cardiovascular surgery.

In 2004, he became a laureate of the Triumph-Science Prize and was awarded the Order of Merit for the Fatherland, II degree. In May 2007, during a visit to the Chechen Republic, Leo Bockeria was awarded the medal “For Services to the Chechen Republic” for his services in organizing and providing medical and preventive care to citizens of the republic.

From 1993 to 1998, Bockeria headed the Committee of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation and the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences on antiarrhythmic implantable devices and electrophysiology, and since 1998 - director of the Center for Surgical and Interventional Arrhythmology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation.

Leo Antonovich is an Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation, full member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences. He is the chief freelance cardiovascular surgeon at the Ministry of Health and Social Development.

Bokeria is the President of the Russian Scientific Society of Cardiovascular Surgeons.

He is the editor-in-chief of the journals “Breast and Cardiovascular Surgery”, “Bulletin of the Scientific Center for Cardiovascular Surgery named after. A.N. Bakulev RAMS", "Children's Heart and Vascular Diseases", "Clinical Physiology of Blood Circulation", "Annals of Arrhythmology", he founded the now very popular journal "Annals of Surgery" for surgeons of various profiles and the magazine "Doctor" - a popular scientific publication. He is a member of the editorial boards of magazines in the USA and Great Britain.

In June 2003, Leo Bockeria was elected President of the All-Russian public organization “League of National Health”, in 2005 - a member Public Chamber Russian Federation, in 2006 - Chairman of the Commission of the Public Chamber of the Russian Federation on the formation healthy image life.

Bockeria is the head of the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery at the Moscow Medical Academy. Sechenov, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the Russian Academy of Postgraduate Education and Department of Cardiovascular Surgery and Interventional Cardiology of the Faculty of Postgraduate Education of the Medical and Dental University.

Under his leadership, more than 40 doctoral and more than 90 candidate dissertations were prepared and defended. Many of his students are professors and corresponding members of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences.

Leo Boqueria is married and has two daughters.

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Abstract on the topic:

“Leo Antonovich Bockeria. Biography, scientific and professional activities"

Moscow 2012

LeoAntomnewbiebokehmRiya(real name - Leonid; cargo. ??? ?????????; born December 22, 1939, Ochamchira, Abkhaz Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, Georgian USSR) - leading cardiac surgeon in Russia, a famous scientist and organizer of medical science. Academician of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences and Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Member of the Presidium of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences. Chief cardiac surgeon of the Ministry of Health. Director of the A. N. Bakulev Research Center for Agricultural Sciences since 1994. President of the All-Russian public organization “National Health League”. Member of the Public Chamber of the Russian Federation.

boqueria cardiac surgeon professional scientific

Biography

IN 1965 year graduated MMI them. THEM. Sechenov USSR Ministry of Health and graduate school at the same institute in 1968.

WITH 1968 of the year works at the Institute of Cardiovascular Surgery named after. A. N. Bakuleva, first as a senior researcher, then as head of the hyperbaric oxygenation laboratory. In the same year he defended his Ph.D. thesis.

IN 1973 year defended his doctoral dissertation on the topic “Hyperbaric oxygenation in cardiac surgery.” Has the title of professor.

IN 1977 year was appointed deputy director for scientific work and worked in this position until 1993, when, in connection with the organization of the Scientific Center for Cardiovascular Surgery of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, he was appointed director of the Institute of Cardiac Surgery of this Center.

From september 1994 of the year L.A. Bockeria was the acting director, and since November 1994, the director of the National Center for Agricultural Agricultural Sciences named after. A. N. Bakuleva RAMS.

IN 1994 year elected full member RAMS specialty " cardiac surgery».

IN 2011 year elected valid member RAS in the Department of Physiology and Fundamental Medicine.

ProfessionalAndscientificactivity

L.A. Throughout his career, Boqueria actively and fruitfully used the experimental method. A number of operations and methods tested in the experiment were then successfully implemented in the clinic. These are different operations remote control in barooperative, electrical insulation left atria, denervation of the heart, modeling blue and pale heart defects, etc. From the latest methods-- these are cryoablation, fulguration, laser photoablation, now widely used not only in the country, but also abroad.

Actively uses computer methods in diagnostics and pathology modeling systems blood circulation, gas exchange, arrhythmias. Various nomograms, chart maps, tables used in the clinic. Performed about 2000 open heart operations for tachyarrhythmias.

He is one of the founders of the surgical treatment of cardiac arrhythmias - the newest direction of clinical medicine. Back in 1980, he created the country's first specialized department tachyarrhythmias and electrophysiological methods for diagnosing arrhythmias were introduced into clinical practice. A complex of non-invasive examination of patients with complex life-threatening rhythm disturbances was developed and introduced into the clinic, including the most modern methods diagnostics, surface mapping, ECG high resolution, heart rate variability and others. He developed and introduced into widespread practice new operations for premature excitation syndrome ventricles, supraventricular tachycardias and life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias. These are operations of resection and denervation of the sinus node with implantation of bifocal pacemakers for sinus arrhythmias and long QT syndrome, epicardial electrical impulse destruction for syndrome Wolf -- Parkinson's -- White, endocardial resection and cryodestruction for non-coronarogenic ventricular tachycardias, operations for allorhythmias, for syndrome elongated interval QT, various operations of isolation of the atrioventricular node for nodal tachyarrhythmias, radical elimination of flutter atria, the most complex operation"Labyrinth-3" for treatment flickering arrhythmias.

The main directions of scientific activity of L.A. Boqueria is: surgery arrhythmias And ischemic illnesses hearts, congenital and acquired vices hearts, terminal cardiac insufficiency, hyperbaric oxygenation, minimally invasive heart surgery, the use of laser in heart surgery, the use of computers in surgery and mathematical modeling, modeling of cardiovascular system pathology in experiment, target planning and scientific methodology.

Scientific achievements

§ L.A. Bockeria was the first in the country to work on hyperbaric oxygenation. Original works were performed using hyperbaric oxygenation in resuscitation, transplantology and some other areas. He personally performed almost two hundred heart surgeries under high pressure in the barooperative room. A number of operations on a “dry” heart, as well as with a combination of hyperbaric oxygenation and artificial circulation, were the first in surgical practice.

§ He was one of the first in the world to perform simultaneous operations to correct congenital, acquired heart defects, or coronary heart disease, combined with life-threatening tachyarrhythmias. These operations significantly expanded the possibilities of radical cure for previously inoperable patients. They were also the first in the country to perform implantation of cardioverter-defibrillators for the prevention of sudden death.

§ L. A. Bockeria made a great contribution to the problem of coronary heart disease - the most common disease. He introduced new methods of left ventricular reconstruction in patients with post-infarction cardiac aneurysms into clinical practice. This is a new type of physiological surgery in patients with a very high operational risk.

§ L. A. Bokeria is the initiator and pioneer of minimally invasive heart surgery, including the use of three-dimensional imaging of the surgical field to improve the safety of the operation itself.

§ The great merit of L. A. Bockeria is the development, together with physicists, the performance of the first operations and the introduction into practice of transmyocardial myocardial revascularization using the domestic carbon dioxide laser, and subsequently the excimer laser in the most severe group of patients with coronary artery disease with distal forms of coronary artery disease, when it is impossible performing aorto-coronary bypass surgery. A new step in this newest problem became the intraoperative use of TMLR during coronary artery bypass grafting.

§ With the name L.A. Bockeria is associated with the opening of a new chapter in domestic cardiac surgery - the formation of approaches to the surgical treatment of critical (terminal) heart failure. He is a pioneer in the development of the concept of dynamic cardiomyoplasty for critical heart failure. He personally performed a large number of these operations, including the first in the world on children.

§ The special merit of L. A. Bokeria is the performance of the first operations in the USSR on fully implanted artificial heart ventricles (IHC), in particular the Novokor IHC.

§ L. A. Bockeria is a pioneer of a fundamentally new branch of cardiac surgery - minimally invasive heart surgery in the USSR. He performed the first successful operations using the latest techniques on patients with congenital and acquired heart defects, life-threatening arrhythmias, and coronary artery disease.

§ He is one of the initiators of the creation of the only automated medical history of cardiac surgery, the database of which includes more than 20 thousand patients.

§ He is one of the authors and developers of the pilot telemedicine project “Moscow - regions of Russia”, the purpose of which is for local doctors to conduct full consultations with the Center’s specialists using the entire volume of diagnostic information. Today within of this project Teleconsultations are regularly held using videoconferencing, including from the operating room, with doctors from 16 Russian regions and Belarus.

§ Has more than 150 patents for inventions, utility models and innovation proposals.

Honorary ranks And awards

§ 1976 - Laureate of the Lenin Prize (together with V.I. Burakovsky and V.A. Bukharin) - for the development and implementation of hyperbaric oxygenation into clinical practice

§ 1986 - Laureate of the State Prize - for the development and implementation into clinical practice of new methods of electrophysiological diagnostic methods and operations for ventricular overexcitation syndromes, supraventricular and ventricular tachycardias and the development of a new direction - surgical arrhythmology.

§ 1994 - Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation

§ 1999 - Order of Merit for the Fatherland, III degree

§ 1997, 1999, 2002 - title “Person of the Year”, Russian Biographical Institute

§ 2000 - title “Man of the Decade” in the “Medicine” category, Russian Biographical Institute

§ 2001 - Russian Order Orthodox Church St. Sergius of Radonezh II degree

§ 2002 - the title “Man-Legend” of the All-Russian Prize of the Government, the Union of Industrialists and the Third Millennium Foundation, “Russian national Olympus»

§ 2002 - State Prize in the field of science and technology - for developing the basic principles of the problem of surgical treatment of aneurysms of the ascending aorta and aortic arch.

§ 2003 - International Golden Hippocrates Award (to the best cardiac surgeons in the world)

§ 2003 - title “Person of the Year 2003” in the “Medicine” category for outstanding contribution to global cardiac surgery and strengthening Russian healthcare, Russian Biographical Institute

§ 2003 - Prize of the Government of the Russian Federation in the field of science and technology - for the development and implementation of a transmyocardial method of treating inoperable patients.

§ 2004 - award sign-order "Patron" for outstanding contribution to the revival and prosperity of the World, for the greatness of the soul, for selfless generosity. Awarded Charitable Foundation"Patrons of the Century."

§ 2004 -- Golden badge of honor " Public acceptance» for his great personal contribution to the development of domestic medicine, carrying out unique cardiac surgeries using the latest medical technologies that saved the lives of hundreds of children and newborns, many years of fruitful scientific, practical, pedagogical and educational activities, and active citizenship. Awarded by the National Foundation for Public Recognition, the National Civil Committee for Interaction with Law Enforcement, Legislative and Judicial Bodies, and the independent organization Civil Society.

§ 2004 - Triumph Prize.

§ 2004 - title “Person of the Year 2004” (Russian Biographical Institute).

§ 2004 - Order of Merit for the Fatherland, II degree

§ 2004 - Order “For Honor, Valor, Creation, Mercy.” Prize Profession-Life.

§ 2005 - Award “Best Books and Publishing Houses of the Year”, nomination “Science”, for the publication of the book “Health of the Nation” (Atlas).

§ 2005 - title "Person of the Year - 2005" (Russian Biographical Institute).

§ Honorary member of the Russian Academy of Arts

§ 2007 - medal "For services to Chechen Republic»

§ 2010 - Order of Merit for the Fatherland, IV degree

Every year, heart disease kills 300 thousand people in Russia. More - only in Ukraine. And this figure cannot be reduced in any way. Poor environment, unhealthy lifestyle, constant stress, lack of highly qualified surgeons and the latest equipment- these are the troubles of our days. This is probably why the “Hero of Our Time” award in the “Scientist of the Decade” category was given to the readers of Novye Izvestia by the one who is trying to solve this problem with his own hands. We are talking about the country's chief cardiac surgeon, academician of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, head of the Bakulev Scientific Center for Cardiovascular Surgery Leo BOKERIA.

An ordinary morning for an ordinary hero. At half past six Leo Antonovich was already on his feet. Contrast shower, healthy breakfast - cottage cheese with yogurt, and off to the car. At half past seven he already arrives at the gates of the Bakulevsky center. In a spacious office, littered with soft toys, Boqueria is not delayed - it’s time for surgery. Despite his age (the doctor celebrated his 68th birthday last weekend), he performs 5-6 operations a day. She helps children in the morning and adults in the afternoon.

Putting on a sterile gown and cap, Leo Antonovich is transformed. Intense concentration appears in the eyes. As the surgeon admits, even during a multi-hour operation, he cannot think about anything except the patient, whose heart he holds in his hands. Only in the most difficult moments does he remember the voices of his children, which help him regain confidence and calm down.

Everyone who has ever been in Leo Bokeria’s operating room has noted how accurately and deftly his hands fly, how well-tuned his assistants understand with just one nod of the head. The team of surgeons works like clockwork, like the master’s heart, which he has not checked for many years - there is no reason. Sport, proper nutrition, gymnastics, which he even practices, sometimes in the operating room, and the inner fire do their job. The attending physicians of Leo Bockeria, his daughter, are closely monitoring to ensure that no reason arises. Both of them followed in their father’s footsteps: they became heart surgeons.

Everyone who has ever been in the Boqueria operating room notes the doctor’s determination. Even in life he gives the impression of a man who knows what he is doing. Leo Antonovich long ago answered the main question for surgeons - does he have the right to take on the role of arbiter of destinies? He has because he has to give people a chance. “I remember this incident. The grandfather learned that his newborn grandson would have to undergo a series of heart operations, and refused to give the child a chance, deciding that it could be very painful. I told him then and I will repeat it now: no one has the right to take a person’s life! Even just a few moments of it. As a doctor, I always proceed from these considerations,” says Leo Boqueria.

To give people a chance, he worked on a method called hyperbaric oxygenation, which made it possible to operate on practically inoperable children by placing them in a pressure chamber. For the sake of this very chance, he, risking his own health, performed more than 2 thousand operations under pressure equal to the pressure of water at 25 meters depth. He earned the Lenin Prize and... the Honored Submariner Award. It was for this chance that he became the first in the country to implant defibrillators to prevent sudden death. It was for this reason that he spent years developing the newest direction in clinical medicine - surgical treatment of arrhythmia. It was this chance that recently, in November, made him dare to implant an artificial left ventricle of the heart into a teenager. Again for the first time in the country...

“If medicine is surgery. If it’s surgery, then it’s cardiac surgery!” - this is how 17-year-old Leo, who came to Moscow from the Abkhaz town of Ochamchira, reasoned, choosing which university and faculty he should enter. He has not deviated from his principle even now. Only he already thinks in other categories: if he deals with the treatment of heart diseases, then also with their prevention. If you work in medicine, then keep your finger on the pulse of government policy in healthcare. This was one of the reasons that Leo Bockeria headed the public organization “League of National Health”. Organizing football championships among schoolchildren in the regions, free diagnostics for hundreds of people, lectures on a healthy lifestyle, helping young surgeons - this is just a small part of what Leo Bockeria is trying to find at least a couple of hours for in his busy surgery schedule.

He is on friendly terms with both officials and legislators. But of course! If he doesn’t talk about the sick spots in Russian healthcare, others won’t listen at all. Leo Bokeria never tires of talking about the need to increase quotas for the treatment of heart patients. His constant headache is the problem of pediatric transplantology. Now, due to imperfect legislation, it is actually prohibited. Meanwhile, in the West, a heart transplant from a child to a child saves hundreds of lives. Thanks also to the efforts of Leo Bockeria, a document authorizing pediatric transplantation may appear in the coming months.

In general, Leo Antonovich always did everything himself. He himself renovated the unfinished building of the Bakulevsky Center, which he had to move into in the early 90s, he himself selected the staff for the clinic, and he manages it himself. Subordinates say: strict, but fair.

Surprisingly, with such strength of character, Leo Bockeria never got used to many things. Not used to human grief. In a recent interview, he admitted that he could not forget the touching smile of a child whom he had recently operated on. “The baby’s diagnosis is serious - a heart defect. The operation was completed with complications. I had to operate again. Fortunately, everything worked out fine. But to this day I have it in my head that this child smiled at us, and here we are... It happens that something goes wrong, and then suddenly you begin to remember some details of the conversation with your parents or relatives, or with the patient himself. I never got used to it.”

Leo Bokeria is emotional not only about failures, but also about victories. He says that every patient’s recovery is for him ordinary miracle. He still remembers many of those he operated on. “It was about 20 years ago. A friend from Ochamchira comes to me and says: “We’re coming to us urgently, our guy is dying from a wound in the heart!” I'm taking an evening flight via Adler to Georgia. I have surgery and fly to Moscow in the morning. And I completely forget about it. About two years later I came to Ochamchira on vacation. The mountain river Galizga, which is very close to my house, overflowed. The entire city spilled onto the shore. They are looking. And only one person, the strongest, pulls the floating cows out of the river and the fallen trees. As a tourist, I photograph all this. And suddenly he sees me, throws another cow - and rushes towards me. He grabs it with dirty hands and throws it into the air. It turned out that he was the same guy whose heart I sewed,” Leo animatedly told this story to journalists more than once.

They say about the Bakulevsky center that doctors here never take bribes. This is the Boqueria rule. A bottle of cognac in gratitude - no more. For extorting patients, he immediately fires them. Although he values his employees. He even plays football with them on Sundays. He says that all work conflicts are resolved on their own, although sometimes they trip him up.

And the surgeon likes to spend Sundays festive table. Like a real Georgian, he knows a lot about good wine and cognac. He says that alcohol (in moderation, of course) brightens our lives. He loves to make toasts and can sing a Georgian romance. Boqueria - guardian family traditions. He has two daughters, two sisters, a wife. The male company consists of a son-in-law and a 12-year-old grandson, with whom the grandfather communicates as equals. IN New Year All his relatives gather in his house - at least thirty people.

Leo Bockeria himself does not undertake to list all his awards. There are many of them in the piggy bank - from the State Prize to the “Golden Hippocrates”. Readers of Novye Izvestia called him a “Hero of Our Time.” However, the word “hero” itself does not really suit Leo Antonovich. A hero is one who rests on his laurels, but he still fights. Against death on the side of life.

LeoBOCERIA-"NewIzvestia"

“A terrible thing for the heart - bad habits: smoking, alcoholism, overeating, sleeping when necessary, disregard for the regime. A person should move more, sleep at the same time, even if he works different shifts. It is better to exclude very fatty foods from food, with increased content carbohydrate products. There is a diet for astronauts, we call it the Kremlin diet. A good thing, because a person can not deny himself anything. The only condition if you want to maintain normal weight or lose weight is to eat boiled fish and meat, and only fresh vegetables. And, of course, you need to study physical exercise. You don't have to go to the fitness center, there is simple gymnastics. In general, to stay in shape, a person who has passed middle age only needs to walk one hour a week.”

“Today it is difficult to meet a calm, balanced person who is confident in the future. Everyone is under some kind of tension. Even children experience a constant state of stress passed on to them from their parents. This is not yesterday’s or today’s problem, it is a long-standing one.”

“The main issue is the poverty and destitution of Russians. Throughout the 19th-20th centuries and now, people mainly solve the problem of survival. I'm talking about the bulk of the population. If we take the USA and Western European countries, then by and large people there are not bothered by pressing problems, if, of course, they work. They have a roof over their head, they don't think about what to eat or wear. They think about other things: about health, about quality products, about a sports club, about where to go on vacation. All this is important for improving the health of each individual and the nation as a whole.”

Material taken from sites:

http://www.peoples.ru/medicine/surgery/bokeria/history.html

http://ru.wikipedia

Posted on www.allbest.ru

Mistakes happen

"AiF": - Doctors often make mistakes with the diagnosis. have you ever encountered this?

L.B.:- Unfortunately, this happens. During our last on-site examination, we literally removed several people from the operating table. Today, misunderstandings occur less frequently. Many medical institutions are equipped with echocardiographs, computer and magnetic resonance imaging scanners.

“AiF”: - One gets the feeling that heart disease can only be cured through surgery. How effective is cardiac surgery than cardiac therapy?

L.B.:- Today, surgical methods are coming to the fore - due to the simplicity and durability of the effect. However, we never refuse conservative treatment.

“AiF”: - Your brainchild, the “Touch a Child’s Heart” campaign, is 10 years old. What have you managed to accomplish over the years?

L.B.:- 10 years ago there was a different attitude towards heart disease. Young parents abandoned children with congenital defects, considering them incurable. Budgetary funding for operations was insignificant. We decided to talk about the possibilities of diagnosing and completely curing such children and at the same time treating some of the children at the expense of sponsors. We didn't know what would come of it. But the action gained fame. We managed to turn the situation around: heart defects are now treated as a solvable problem, and the state allocates serious funds to help such children.

"AiF":- Is there a difference between domestic and world cardiology?

L.B.:- It’s difficult to generalize, but our Center for Cardiovascular Surgery named after. Bakuleva is in many ways superior to all well-known world clinics. The domestic school of clinical medicine has always been considered classical. The fundamental difference is only in the mentality of our patients. An American knows for sure that he must sleep at least 7 hours every day, take annual rest and avoid stress. Our people treat everything as God wishes. The only advice from cardiologists that is successful is alcohol indulgences. One cardiologist said that whiskey is healthier for the heart than vodka, and now everyone drinks whiskey under the pretext that it is good for the heart. Sorry, fix it public consciousness So far it has not been possible, despite all efforts.

“I continue to operate”

“AiF”: - What is your daily surgical norm?

L.B.:- That turns out to be at least 4 operations per day.

“AiF”: - Until what age do cardiac surgeons remain “in service”? After all, heart surgery is physically difficult.

L.B.:- My colleagues are hardy people. Few people leave practice before age 65. They usually work much longer. Outstanding surgeons Michael DeBakey and Fyodor Grigorievich Uglov operated until the last years of their lives, although Michael passed away before two months before his centenary, and Fyodor Grigorievich at the age of 105 years. It’s a shame to “go into reserve” ahead of time - American heart surgeons are just getting started independent work at 37 years old.

“AiF”: - Are there many long-livers among cardiac surgeons?

L.B.:- There are unique examples of longevity in cardiac surgery. Boris Vasilievich Petrovsky, Minister of Health of the USSR, founder of the Scientific Center for Surgery of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, lived to be 97 years old. Boris Alekseevich Korolev, patriarch of Russian cardiac surgery, academician of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, celebrated his centenary. The secret is this. All great surgeons are organized people who adhere to a healthy lifestyle and pay great attention to maintaining physical fitness. Most of them do not drink, do not smoke, many have long given up coffee, and go in for sports (most often swimming). Great value have characteristics of the nervous system and self-control. Petrovsky’s wife said that even after working in the Kremlin, when he returned home, he always dined with appetite and immediately fell asleep - without any sleeping pills or sedatives. It is very important that cardiac surgeons are people who are absolutely confident in the usefulness of their work.

“AiF”: - In your family, everyone is a doctor - wife, daughters, sons-in-law. Do you often family dinners flow into the “academic council”?

L.B.:- Thematic conversations do happen. My daughters ask me something, but most often I ask them questions. My daughters - good specialists. If something happens, I will trust my heart only to my daughters.

“AiF”: - What do great cardiac surgeons wish for their anniversary?

L.B.:- I recently read an interview with Korolev on the eve of his 100th birthday. He was asked what he dreams about. Boris Alekseevich replied: “To live a little longer...”

Extremely important physical activity- It is impossible to keep your heart healthy without adequate physical activity.
Follow your diet - it is not recommended to either starve or overeat. You need to eat just enough to survive until the next meal. Eating in the morning, when the body has not yet woken up, is anti-physiological, and by fasting in the evening, we do not allow nervous system opportunities to recover
Don't break your biological clock - stick to your daily routine, this gives your heart the opportunity to recover.

Dossier

Leo Bokeria was born on December 22, 1939 in Ochamira (Abkhazia). Since 1994 - Director of the Scientific Center for Agricultural Sciences named after. A. N. Bakuleva RAMS. Laureate of Lenin and State Prizes. Founder of surgical arrhythmology.

cardiac surgeon

Leo Antonovich Bokeria was born on December 22, 1939 in the city of Ochamchira (Abkhazia). In 1965, he graduated from the 1st Moscow Medical Institute named after I.M. Sechenov and entered graduate school at the Department of Topographic Anatomy and Operative Surgery.

After completing his studies in 1968, Bockeria was assigned to work as a senior researcher at the Bakulev Institute of Cardiovascular Surgery. Here, in 1974-1977, he headed the laboratory of hyperbaric oxygenation, and then was appointed deputy director for science, head of the department of surgical treatment of cardiac arrhythmias. Since 1994, Leo Antonovich has been the director of the Scientific Center for Cardiovascular Surgery (SCSS) named after A.N. Bakulev RAMS.

The main areas of scientific activity of Boqueria are surgical treatment of various heart diseases using the latest diagnostic and treatment methods. He personally performed more than 200 heart surgeries under barooperative conditions, a number of which became completely new in surgical practice. Leo Antonovich made a great contribution to the problem of surgical treatment of cardiac arrhythmias and coronary heart disease. He performed the first successful operations, which significantly expanded the possibilities of treating previously inoperable patients.

He is also the initiator of the development of such a direction as minimally invasive surgery. The special merit of the cardiac surgeon is the implementation of the first implantations of artificial heart ventricles and cardioverter-defibrillators in the country. He personally performed a large number of such operations, including the first in the world on children. Throughout his career, Boqueria actively and successfully used the experimental method. A number of operations and techniques, tested experimentally, were then successfully implemented in the clinic, and are now widely used not only in our country, but also abroad. Leo Antonovich’s personal surgical experience, gained during several thousand open-heart operations, is also unique. He repeatedly traveled abroad to perform demonstration operations. On the initiative of Leo Antonovich, a number of new clinical units with the highest diagnostic and therapeutic potential were created at the Bakulev Scientific Center for Surgery of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences. Along with intensive operational activities and enormous administrative work as director of the Center, Boqueria is also actively involved in teaching.

He is the founder of the country's largest cardiac surgery school, head of the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the Moscow medical academy named after I.M. Sechenov, the Russian Academy of Postgraduate Education and the Faculty of Postgraduate Education of the Medical and Dental University, thereby educating more than one generation of doctors. Bockeria - Academician and member of the Presidium of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, full member of many international associations surgeons, President of the All-Russian public organization "Nation's Health League", Member of the Public Chamber of the Russian Federation, Director of the A.N. Bakulev Scientific Center for Cardiovascular Surgery of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Chief Cardiac Surgeon of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor.

Leo Antonovich has more than 150 patents for inventions, utility models and innovation proposals, he has published more than a thousand articles, more than a hundred of them abroad. He is the author of a number of problematic monographs and the only manual on cardiovascular surgery in the country. He is also the editor-in-chief of the journals “Thorax and Cardiovascular Surgery” and “Bulletin of the Scientific Center for Cardiovascular Surgery named after. A.N. Bakulev RAMS”, founder of the journal “Annals of Surgery” and the magazine “Doctor”.

Laureate of the Lenin and State Prizes, Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation, Bockeria was awarded the Order of Merit for the Fatherland, II, III and IV degrees, the Order of Honor (Georgia), the Order of the Russian Orthodox Church of St. Sergius of Radonezh, II degree, and other awards, both from Russia and others countries, as well as many international and domestic public awards. He is an honorary citizen of the cities of Poti and Tbilisi.

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