Created in 1930 by Soviet weapons designer Fyodor Vasilyevich Tokarev, semi-automatic gun TT(Tulsky, Tokareva) became the first domestic self-loading pistol adopted by the army. The purpose of the tests carried out in this direction since the mid-20s of the last century was to create a modern self-loading pistol that can replace the one in service. Soviet army revolver of the Nagant system, model 1895, by that time morally obsolete and low-power, and also replace a number of pistols purchased abroad for the needs of the Soviet Army. Among the self-loading samples imported into the territory of the Soviet Union, the then famous Mauser C-96 of 7.63 mm caliber was quite popular, the main advantage of which was the use of a powerful cartridge 7.63x25 mm, and the main disadvantage of this Mauser was its large dimensions and heavy weight... Having appreciated the advantages of the 7.63x25 cartridge, the Soviet leaders of the arms industry decided to create a similar cartridge and their own model of a self-loading pistol for it, but more compact and easy to use than the Mauser S-96.
Weapon designer, creator of the TT pistol Fedor Vasilyevich Tokarev
For these purposes, the Soviet Union acquires a license for the aforementioned cartridge from the German company Mauser, after which it begins its production, but already in 7.62x25 caliber (with the aim of unification with Soviet technological equipment and equipment). Several gunsmiths begin to design pistols for this cartridge at once, among whom, in addition to Tokarev, were Korovin and Prilutsky, who presented their models to a high commission. However, after the official field tests were carried out, in June 1930 the commission made an unambiguous choice in favor of the sample made by F.V. Tokarev, named TT-30. After eliminating some of the shortcomings of this pistol regarding the accuracy and safety of handling, as well as after other improvements related to the wishes of the commission members, in December 1930, the TT-30 pistol was tested again, according to the results of which this pistol was approved by the commission and recommended for adoption by the Soviet Army. Over the next few years, the first installments were released. this weapon, the tests of which led to disappointing conclusions. The pistol was unreliable, very dangerous to handle, parts quickly failed, frequent delays in firing were observed, the TT-30's resource was ridiculously small, amounting to about two hundred shots. After that, the designers made certain conclusions and the main disadvantages were eliminated, and the pistol also underwent several upgrades in order to simplify and reduce the cost of production. And finally, in 1934, a modified version of the Tokarev system was adopted by the Red Army under the name TT-33, which became the most massive pistol tested in World War II battles.
It is worth noting that Tokarev at one time did an internship at the Belgian arms factory FN, where at the same time the weapons genius John Moses Browning worked. It was this fact that influenced the design of the TT pistol, built according to the Browning system. And to be honest, Comrade Tokarev clearly strove to be externally similar to Sir Browning, at least in photographs. (I hope I am not showered with rotten tomatoes by adherents of the genius of exclusively domestic gunsmiths).
Left - photo by F.V. Tokarev, right - photo by J.M.Browning
In February 1931, the troops received the first batch of TT-30 pistols for comprehensive tests, and mass production of an already modernized model called TT-33 began in 1933 at the Tula Arms Plant (TOZ), and by the time Germany attacked the USSR and the beginning of World War II, the number of TT pistols manufactured reached more than six hundred thousand pieces. During the years of that terrible war, this pistol received recognition among the troops, albeit very dubious, and was widely used as a personal weapon of officers, intended for close combat at distances of up to 50 m, and at these distances the TT worked very effectively, thanks to its powerful cartridge. During the war years, the production of TT pistols, like other small arms, of course, increased significantly, as required by the evolving situation. It should be admitted that the TT pistol was never and was not considered a good weapon, but in the absence of an alternative, the military could only get this pistol. In fact, the pistol did not receive national or "all-army" recognition, it received only a huge distribution, and the popularity and popularity of the TT pistol were only a consequence of the widespread distribution of this weapon. The TT-33 was unreliable and dangerous to handle, and was also afraid of dirt, which is a very significant factor in war. But, nevertheless, it was widely used, there was no other. For example, in comparison with the German Walter P38, which was used in the same war by the Wehrmacht, the TT looked like an unfinished self-propelled gun.
After the war, in 1946, the pistol was again slightly modernized, with the aim of further reducing the cost of production and eliminating shortcomings. It was not possible to eliminate all the shortcomings, but this will be discussed below. External hallmark post-war designs are the presence of shallow corrugation on the casing of the shutter, instead of vertical depressions in the form of pointed ellipses in pre-war models.
Tula Tokareva was the most massive personal short-barreled weapon Soviet Army and Soviet militia until the early 50s, when it was replaced by the Makarov pistol, and the TT was discontinued. But even after that, the TT continued to serve the Motherland in the army units and in the militia until the early nineties, until it was completely replaced with Makarov pistols (TT was removed from militia armament a little earlier, in the seventies). In total, over the years of production of the TT pistol, about 1.7 million pieces were produced. After the army and the police finally said goodbye to this pistol, the TT was in service with the paramilitary guards (VOKHR) and criminal gangs, in which, due to the illiteracy of most of the bandits, it was considered and is considered an excellent pistol, from which such an opinion went to the people and has been steadily retained among the masses to this day.
The popularity of TT in the underworld is mainly due to the cheapness of the pistol and the penetration ability of the cartridge, which ensured reliable hitting of the target through glass or car doors, as well as penetration of light bulletproof vests of the 1st protection class.
It should be noted that in addition to the Soviet Union, the TT pistol was produced in other countries, such as Hungary, China, Vietnam, Yugoslavia, Egypt, Iraq, Poland. It makes no sense to consider each of them, since the TTs produced abroad generally repeated the design of the Soviet model with minor differences. For example, one of the Chinese models called "Model 213" had a caliber of 9 mm and used a 9x19 Parabellum cartridge, and was also equipped with a mechanical safety catch of the flag type. Some models of foreign production differed in barrel and grip length, magazine capacity.
Nowadays, on the basis of TT pistols accumulated in military warehouses, the production of traumatic weapons has been established as a means of self-defense of citizens. After making the appropriate design changes, TT pistols are adapted for firing rubber bullets. The modern names of traumatic TT are "Leader", produced by the Vyatsko-Polyansky plant "MOLOT", as well as Izhevsk MR-81 and MR-82. These pistols can often be found on the shelves. gun shops... However, this weapon, in addition to its external resemblance, has nothing to do with the legendary TT, and is more suitable for the role of its shooting layout. In addition to traumatic options, a pneumatic TT is also produced in Izhevsk, operating from a standard cylinder with a compressed carbon dioxide, under the name MR-656K.
Design
In general, the design and operation of the TT pistol automatics repeated the scheme of the famous Colt M1911 pistol designed by John Moses Browning, with the difference that the TT used a block firing mechanism, like the Mauser S-96. This was done to simplify production and to simplify the repair and maintenance of weapons. The operation of the pistol's automation is based on the principle of barrel recoil with its short stroke, according to the Browning system. The differences also affected some other nodes and mechanisms, which will be described in more detail below.
Briefly, the automation system in gun TT as follows. When fired, the sleeve affects the bolt, the bolt moves back together with the barrel, which is linked to the bolt carrier with lugs. The barrel is attached to the frame of the pistol by means of a swinging shackle, which allows the breech to lower and move back. With this decrease, the barrel is disengaged from the bolt carrier, that is, the projections of the bolt carrier emerge from the corresponding grooves on the thickened part of the barrel. After that, the bolt carrier by inertia moves back, cocking the hammer and throwing out the spent cartridge case. On the return stroke, under the action of the return spring, the bolt sends the next cartridge from the store into the chamber and puts it on former place the barrel skewed before, locking it in its original position on the lugs. More details about the work of automation will be written below.
The difference from Browning's design in terms of automatic operation is that the barrel of the TT pistol does not have protrusions for engaging with the bolt, but on the contrary, in its thickened part it has two grooves, which include the protrusions of the bolt carrier when locked.
The lack of a separate mechanical fuse is a consequence of the simplification firing mechanism, while an accidental shot was prevented by a disconnector and a special groove for setting the trigger on the safety platoon. That is, the TT fuse could only be put on by means of the trigger, putting it on a safety platoon, without bringing it to a combat platoon. Such a system ensured the safety of the weapon in the event of a fall or an accidental hit on the trigger, because even an uncocked trigger on impact could transmit this blow to the striker, from which the cartridge in the chamber could fire. But often the safety platoon was ignored by people, from which many accidents occurred. For this reason, an order was even issued prohibiting the carrying of a TT pistol with a cartridge in the chamber.
At first, Tokarev assumed the presence of an automatic safety device on the back of the handle, as on the Colt M1911 pistol. But military officials were against, from which the TT was left with the only fuse - the middle position of the trigger. Legend has it that Comrade Budyonny, who, as you know, at that time had a huge influence on the military leadership of the country, forbade equipping a new soviet pistol such an automatic fuse. He explained the reason by the fact that once during Civil War when the "whites" were chasing him, he turned back, sitting in the saddle on a horse, and tried to shoot back from his Browning. But cavalry gloves and an uncomfortable position did not allow squeezing the safety catch on the back of the Browning handle. This turned out to be enough so that such a fuse was not installed on the TT.
The pistol is powered by cartridges from a single-row box magazine with a capacity of 8 cartridges, with a push-button locking system. Sights, front sight and rear sight, unregulated, which were targeted by the manufacturer at a distance of 25 meters.
The pistol consists of the following parts:
The frame is one piece with the handle and the trigger guard. Designed to connect parts of the pistol, being its basis.
The grip cheeks are a decorative element that covers the side windows of the grip, and also serve to comfortably hold the weapon in the hand. The cheeks were made of corrugated plastic and wood.
Magazine latch - holds the magazine in the frame handle.
Barrel - designed to tell the bullet in a certain direction when fired. It is completely closed by a bolt casing and connected to the frame by a Browning earring. The barrel bore has 4 right-hand grooves with a step of 240-260 mm (depending on the year of manufacture), to give the bullet a rotational motion that stabilizes the trajectory of its flight. In the breech of the barrel there is a chamber, which serves to accommodate the cartridge when loading and before firing. The barrel has two annular grooves on a special thickening in the breech area, which ensure the grip of the bolt with the barrel due to the entry of the bolt carrier projections (lugs) into them. At the bottom of the thickened part of the breech there is a lug with an eyelet for the Browning earring, at the rear edge of the chamber there is a protrusion for the ejector hook, as well as a bevel at the bottom for feeding the cartridge from the magazine into the chamber.
Earring - connects the barrel to the frame, and also serves to engage and disengage the barrel from the bolt, providing swinging and tilting of the barrel in a vertical plane.
The shutter is one piece with the casing and performs the bulk of the functions of the pistol. The shutter provides the ejection of a spent cartridge case or an unused cartridge, the supply of a new cartridge from the magazine to the chamber, puts the trigger on a combat platoon and locks the barrel before firing. Outside on the casing of the bolt are sighting devices (front sight and rear sight), an ejector window, a groove for placing an ejector, notches for conveniently holding the bolt when it is retracted to the rear position when reloading in the event of a misfire and when sending a cartridge into the chamber. Also, the bolt has a hole for the striker, in the casing there is a cutout to accommodate the protrusion of the bolt delay, a tube for the return spring, and in the back there is a groove for the trigger.
The striker is designed to break the cartridge primer and is located in a special breech groove between the trigger and the barrel chamber.
Ejector - to hold the sleeve (cartridge) until it meets the reflector when the shutter moves to the rear position, which ensures the ejection of the sleeve (cartridge) from the ejector window.
Return spring - serves to return the bolt to the forward position after it has been rolled back.
Return spring tip - serves as a stop for the return spring.
Guide rod - also serves as a stop for the return spring and limits the movement of the shutter back, and most importantly is the guide of the return spring.
Guide sleeve - serves to guide the muzzle of the barrel when the bolt moves, and also serves as a stop for the tip of the return spring.
Bolt lag - provides fixing of the bolt in the rearmost position when the magazine is empty, which ensures the quick delivery of the cartridge into the chamber from the new magazine.
The spring of the slide stop - fixes the delay on the frame and holds it in the lower position until the slide is fixed after the magazine is empty.
The trigger mechanism consists of the following parts:
Block - connects the trigger, mainspring, sear and disconnector.
Trigger - performs striking on the striker.
Mainspring - activates the trigger, imparting a quick movement to it for a sufficiently strong impact on the striker.
The sear - holds the trigger on the combat and safety cocks and provides the trigger when the trigger is pulled, which on the TT is essentially a button.
Uncoupler - designed to uncouple the trigger from the sear after firing a shot. This is necessary in order to exclude the possibility of firing a shot when the bolt is not fully closed.
The descent is made as a whole with the descent thrust. When you press the trigger with your finger, it pulls the sear back, from which the trigger, under the influence of the mainspring, breaks down and hits the striker, and when the thrust is in the forward position, it acts on the uncoupler, raising it to the top for safe handling with weapon.
Release spring - provides release thrust forward and upward.
Magazine - serves to accommodate eight cartridges and consists of a steel box, feeder, feeder spring and cover.
Work of parts and mechanisms
The shutter, when pulled to the rearmost position, acting on the trigger, turns it, thereby putting the trigger on a combat platoon. Also, due to the action of the supporting protrusions on the annular grooves of the barrel, the bolt pulls back the barrel. If there is a cartridge case or cartridge in the chamber, the ejector removes it and, by means of a reflector, ejects it through a special window.
The barrel, when moving backward, due to the rotation of the earring, lowers its thickened breech part downward, from which the barrel is skewed, and at the same time it comes out of engagement with the bolt, since the bearing protrusions of the bolt come out of the annular grooves of the thickened part of the barrel.
The uncoupler falls down under the action of a recess in the lower part of the shutter, while deflecting the trigger rod to the bottom, thereby disengaging it from the sear.
The return spring, when the shutter moves back, is compressed.
The sear, under the action of a spring, is pressed against the front of the trigger and sequentially goes behind the safety, and then behind the cocking of the trigger. The uncoupler is then released.
During the movement of the bolt forward (due to the force of the return spring), the bolt moves the upper cartridge from the magazine along an inclined bevel to the breech of the barrel, into the chamber.
The barrel, due to the pressure of the shutter mirror on the bottom of the sleeve of the new cartridge, moves forward and upward through the shackle, while the bearing protrusions of the shutter enter the annular grooves of the thickened part of the barrel. The barrel is locked with a bolt.
The ejector hook enters the annular groove of the cartridge located in the chamber. When you press the trigger with your finger (when firing a shot), the actions of the parts of the pistol will be as follows: The trigger pull, by pressing on the ledge of the sear, pulls its lower part back, which leads to the exit of the nose of the sear from the groove of the cocking cocking of the trigger, after which the trigger, turning on its axis forward, under the action of the mainspring, strikes the striker. The striker, moving forward, hits the cartridge primer, igniting it. From the pressure of the gases formed during the combustion of the powder, the bullet begins to move along the grooves and flies out of the barrel, while part of the powder gases affects the walls and bottom of the sleeve, forcing the barrel and the bolt coupled to it to move back. After that, the parts of the pistol repeat the same actions as when manually moving the bolt to the rear position (described above). During the movement of the bolt backward, the ejector hook removes the spent cartridge case from the chamber, continuing to hold it until it meets the reflector, upon impact of which the cartridge case flies out into the bolt carrier window located on the right. At the same time, the next cartridge in the store, under the action of the feeder spring, rises up. In the absence of cartridges in the magazine, after the last shot, the feeder with its hook raises the slide delay, which, in turn, stops the slide in the rearmost position. The descent, in the absence of the pressing action of the finger, due to the elasticity of the trigger spring, returns to the forward position, while the uncoupler rises upward, entering with the stem into the recess of the bolt.
And this is how the work of the TT pistol automatics looks more clear. Especially for you, I found an animation of the operation of parts and mechanisms in the TT pistol during and after a shot. (May God grant health to the one who did this. Otherwise, in such animations, all the Colts and Glocks ...)
Advantages and disadvantages
The simplicity of the design makes Tula Tokarev pistol inexpensive to manufacture and easy to maintain pistol. The main advantage of the TT is its powerful cartridge, which provides a high muzzle energy of the order of 500 J, a significant direct firing range and excellent penetration. And due to the relatively long barrel and short trigger stroke, the pistol provides good grouping and firing accuracy, which allows an experienced shooter to hit the target even at a distance of more than 50 meters. Also, the good accuracy of the battle is facilitated by the automation system, which ensures the bullet takes off from the barrel without displacing the axis of the barrel in the vertical plane and without moving other mechanisms, which can negatively affect the trajectory of the bullet. When fired, the barrel moves back, and the barrel warp and disengagement from the bolt carrier occurs only after the bullet leaves the barrel. Slim and compact enough, the TT is well suited for concealed carry.
As for the shortcomings, the main one is the low resource of the pistol. This disadvantage stems from the pistol's advantage: the use of a high-power cartridge causes intense wear of the barrel locking unit. Not infrequently, after several hundred shots, delays appeared in the operation of the pistol in the form of jamming of the sleeve in the chamber, skewing of cartridges or tearing off the bottom of the sleeve. Other disadvantages include the excessive sensitivity of the pistol mechanisms to clogging and minor deformations, which requires careful handling and careful maintenance of the weapon.
Also, a serious drawback is the unreliable fastening of the magazine in the handle, the latch mechanism, especially on worn TT, often does not hold the magazine, which simply falls out of the pistol, of which there are many examples, especially from the fronts of the Second World War.
The practice of using the TT pistol showed a low stopping power of its ammunition. The reason for this drawback lies in the relatively small caliber of the bullet, its shape and high initial velocity, which, in turn, resulted in its indisputable advantage - excellent penetrating ability.
The lack of a manual safety catch can also be considered a serious drawback that has caused numerous accidents with this pistol. So, in the event of a fall or accidental hit on the trigger, if the cartridge is in the chamber, and the trigger is not set to the safety cocking, it is possible that the primer will be pierced by the drummer, which will lead to a spontaneous shot.
The high flatness of the ammunition and the preservation of the bullet with sufficient energy to inflict injury at a distance of 800 - 1000 m is another disadvantage when using a pistol in urban conditions: in the event of a miss when firing at the enemy, there is a high probability of causing harm to third parties (civilians).
Complaints about the ergonomics of the pistol can hardly be called a significant omission in the design, it is rather individual feature weapons, moreover, it is not fair to demand something outstanding from a pistol developed at the beginning of the last century. As, however, it would not be correct to compare this pistol with modern models, created with the use of high technologies and new scientific achievements.
TT went down in history as legendary pistol of its time, tested in the battles of the bloodiest war in the history of mankind. And the geography of its production and popularity in many countries of the world give reason to be proud of the thought of the Russian gunsmith and once again confirm the need for such a weapon for the era in the fate of which he took far from the last place.
The performance characteristics of TT arr. 1933 year
USM - single action
Caliber, mm - 7.62x25mm TT
Length, mm - 195
Height, mm - 120
Width, mm - 28
Barrel length, mm - 116
Rifling - 4, right-handed
Step of grooves, mm - 240
Weight without cartridges, g - 825
Weight with cartridges, g - 910
Magazine capacity, patr. - eight
Rate of fire, in / m - 30
Bullet muzzle velocity, m / s - 420
Sighting range, m - 30-50
Effort of descent when firing from a combat platoon, N, no more - 21
TT pistol (Tula Tokarev, GRAU index - 56-A-132) - self-loading pistol, developed in 1930 by a Soviet designer.
The TT pistol was developed as a result of tests conducted from the mid-1920s. in order to create a modern semi-automatic weapon, which was to replace the outdated revolver and a number of foreign semi-automatic models. One of the most popular foreign models was then the famous Mauser S-96. In the 1920s. it was purchased in large quantities, and the Red Army appreciated its powerful 7.63mm cartridge. For this ammunition, it was decided to create our own model.
Several pistols of different designers were tested, and in the end the choice fell on the model of the gunsmith Fyodor Tokarev. In 1930-32. several thousand copies were produced, but field tests revealed a number of shortcomings. Tokarev made the necessary changes to the design, and at the beginning of 1934 the pistol was put into service under the name TT-33 (Tokarev's 7.62mm self-loading pistol, model 1933).
Like the previous model, the TT-33 was in many ways reminiscent of the self-loading American M1911 Colt pistol using recoil energy and a lowering breech, but the TT-33 was still not just a copy: for example, the trigger, mainspring and other components were combined into a module that could be removed through the back of the handle. In addition, some other changes were made (for example, the locking protrusions were made around the entire trunk, and not just at the top).
Due to this, they simplified manufacturing process and maintenance of the pistol in the field. In addition, the length of the side walls of the magazine was increased, which now entered the chamber, thereby reducing the likelihood of a cartridge delay in the event of a slight deformation of the magazine. The result was a practical and durable weapon that, like other worthy examples of Soviet weapons, worked flawlessly even in the most difficult conditions.
It was produced in ever increasing quantities until the beginning of the Great Patriotic War. By June 22, 1941, about 600 thousand TT-33s entered service with the Red Army. During the war years, production increased even more.
In 1938 - 39, work was carried out to adopt more than modern pistol, however, due to the outbreak of the war, they were not completed. In 1942, the TT version with a two-row high-capacity magazine was created, but it was not mass-produced.
The Germans in World War II actively used captured weapons, among them were pistols captured in Soviet arsenals during the initial period of the war. TT-30 and TT-33 were sent to arm the German army units and subunits, as well as to the ground units of the Air Force under the designation "Pistole 615 (R)". The use of captured pistols was explained by the fact that the Soviet 7.62-mm cartridge mod. 1930 type P was almost identical to the German one, which could in turn be used in two types of Soviet pistols.
By 1945, the TT-33 almost completely replaced the Nagant revolver in service with the combat units of the Red Army. As the Soviet influence spread, the zone of distribution and production of the TT pistol also expanded.
In 1946, the TT was slightly modified, which made it possible to reduce its cost. External difference post-war samples consisted in the fact that they applied fine corrugation to the shutter casing instead of the vertical semicircular grooves in the pre-war ones. The production of the pistol in the USSR continued until about 1952, when it was adopted for service.
However, TT continued to be used in the Soviet Army until the 1960s, and in the police until the 1970s. In total, approximately 1,700,000 TT pistols were produced in the USSR.
In addition, in the late 1940s - 1950s, the USSR transferred documentation and licenses for the production of TT to a number of allied countries, namely Hungary, China, Romania, North Korea, Yugoslavia. In these countries, TT pistols were produced both for the military and for export and commercial sale.
On its basis, various models were created, in fact, they were copies. So, Poland produced TT-33 for its own needs and export to the GDR and Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia produced a pistol for itself and other countries under the designation M65, in China the pistol was produced under the designation "Type 51", and in North Korea it was called the M68.
The most thoughtful approach to copying was approached in Hungary, where they made several changes to the design and remade it for the 9-mm Parabellum cartridge. The result received the designation "Model 48", and the export version for the Egyptian police - "Tikagipt".
Export options could have a different caliber, as well as a non-automatic fuse of one design or another. In China and Yugoslavia, TT-based pistols are still being produced.
In the 90s, TT became popular among killers. He is given several basic explanations: the power of the cartridge, which allows the bullet to easily penetrate obstacles and light body armor, as well as the cheapness and ease of acquisition (on the black market of weapons in a large number there were TT, stolen from military warehouses of the countries of the former USSR), which made it possible to use a pistol once and throw it at the crime scene without significant costs, thus avoiding the risk of detention with a weapon and the presentation of evidence associated with its previous use. In addition, the overwhelming majority of TT pistols did not have shot samples in the Ministry of Internal Affairs' bullet-case, which significantly complicated the conduct of operational-search measures in the event of a crime.
The TT used a short-stroke recoil. The Browning swingarm system, borrowed from the Colt M1911 pistol, has been modified to simplify production. The trigger did not have a manual safety catch. An unwanted shot was prevented only by the disconnector and the cutout for setting the trigger for the safety cocking.
Single-action trigger trigger with open trigger, made in the form of a separate, easily removable module to simplify incomplete assembly and disassembly. Several years later, the Swiss gunsmith Charles Petter applied the same scheme to the French Model 1935 pistol. The steel magazine contained 8 rounds. The pistol has no special safety devices, only provisional platooning is provided. The advantages of the pistol are a simple and reliable design and a powerful high-speed cartridge, which provides relatively high accuracy and effective firing range, as well as the penetrating effect of the bullet.
Fixed front sight was sighted at the factory at a firing range of 25 meters. Accuracy of pistol firing is ensured due to the low position of the barrel bore axis in relation to the handle to reduce the recoil shoulder, reduce the recoil speed due to the use of a massive bolt cover, as well as by bringing the weapon's center of gravity closer to the handle.
The handle cheeks are plastic or (during the war years) wooden, with large vertical corrugations. At the bottom of the grip there is a sling swivel for the pistol belt. Cartridges are fed from detachable single-row box magazines with a capacity of 8 rounds. Magazine latch - push-button, located at the base of the trigger guard on the left.
TT is distinguished by its simplicity of design and, due to this, by its low production cost and ease of maintenance.
It has a high penetrating ability of a bullet (penetrates steel helmet from 50 m), significant kinetic energy of a bullet (a little less than 500 J) with a flat trajectory and effective accuracy sufficient for such weapons. The TT is a flat pistol, easy to carry, including a concealed one. However, in the course of operation, disadvantages also appeared.
A serious drawback is the lack of a full-fledged fuse. Because of this, numerous accidents occurred, and even in the "Investigator's Handbook" there was a chapter in which a typical "crossbow" TT from a blow was considered (in order to distinguish a truly random incident from a staged by a criminal). Unfortunately, after this mass of accidents due to the fall of a loaded pistol in the Ministry of Internal Affairs, it was forbidden to carry a pistol with a cartridge in the chamber.
Another drawback is the poor fixation of the magazine, which in combat conditions often led to the disarming of the shooter. The ergonomics of the TT raises a lot of criticism compared to more modern designs. The angle of inclination of the handle is small, the cheeks of the handle are thick and rough.
Some authors believe that a bullet fired from a TT pistol does not have a sufficient stopping effect due to its high velocity and relatively small diameter. Others believe that the term "stopping effect" itself does not make sense, and the severity of the wounds inflicted by TT is quite sufficient to defeat the enemy.
Nevertheless, when shooting indoors, you should be aware of the possible ricochet, and in urban conditions - about the high flatness of the ammunition, which can create unnecessary problems if the rule “before shooting, clearly see the situation in front of and behind the target”. Partially compensate for the shortcomings of the standard TT cartridge allow cartridges with expansive (that is, expanding, like a flower, when it hits the target) bullets. But such cartridges are prohibited for military use, and in some countries - for self-defense.
Due to the indicated negative factors, TT is not very suitable as modern weapons self-defense and police weapons.
The interaction of parts and mechanisms when firing
In the initial position, the loaded magazine is inserted into the pistol grip, the trigger is on the safety cocking. To produce the first shot, the hammer is cocked, the bolt is retracted to the rearmost position and released abruptly.
Under the action of the return spring, the bolt moves forward, captures and advances the cartridge into the chamber, engages with the barrel and locks the barrel bore in the front extreme position. The pistol is ready for the first shot.
When the trigger is pressed, the launch rod presses on the sear protrusion and turns it, causing it to disengage from the trigger, which, under the action of the mainspring, turns and hits the drummer - a shot occurs. The formed powder gases, acting on the bottom of the liner, cause the shutter to roll back. The barrel held by the protrusions in the grooves moves with the bolt, gradually dropping down under the action of the earring.
By the time the pressure of the propellant gases drops to a safe value, the movable, coupled "breech-barrel" system has passed about three millimeters, and the barrel will be disengaged from the breech. Having passed a little more forward and lowering, he hits the frame of the pistol and stops. The shutter, together with the sleeve held by the ejector in the front cup, continues to move backward. When it meets the reflector, the sleeve is thrown away. The hammer is cocked and goes behind the combat platoon.
At the same time, the shutter with its bevel sinks the uncoupler, thereby disengaging the sear and the trigger. The sear, turning freely, goes behind the combat platoon and holds the trigger in the cocked position. Next shot possible only after pressing the trigger again. The shot will take place only after the bore is completely locked, when the uncoupler can rise into the corresponding recess of the shutter and allow the trigger rod to stand in front of the sear.
The operation of the mechanisms of the TT pistol at the time of the shot
When the bolt moves forward, it grabs the top cartridge from the magazine and sends it to the chamber. To direct the cartridge into the chamber, the bevels of the front fork of the firing mechanism and the bevel on the breech of the bore are used.
When the bolt approaches the barrel, their joint movement and rotation of the breech begins until the protrusions fully engage. In the extreme forward position of the "bolt-barrel" movable system, the uncoupler rises into the recess of the bolt, allowing the trigger rod to engage with the sear. The pistol is ready for the next shot.
The pistol does not have a hand-operated safety device or lever that releases the trigger from the cocking position. To prevent accidental firing, the trigger has a safety cocking. The trigger is set to the safety position by turning it a few degrees. At the same time, the whispering tooth will jump over the safety cocking of the trigger.
In this state, it is impossible to press the shutter release and cocking. When setting the trigger to the safety cocking position from the cocked position, it is necessary to hold the trigger, press the trigger and smoothly return the hammer to the uncocked position and, releasing the trigger, smoothly cock it again until the safety cocking is set.
Soviet post-war TT
Until now, the TT pistol of post-war production is in service with parts of the VOKHR and irregular formations of some CIS countries.
The resource of these pistols, produced in the forties and fifties, has long been exhausted, therefore they are extremely unreliable. A common defect? cartridge misalignment and sticking.
Previously, regular army pistols were used for sports shooting, since, according to the conditions of the competition, it was not allowed to make constructive changes and modifications. On the basis of the TT pistol, the designer Sevryugin created two models of sports pistols in the fifties: P-3 and P-4. The P-3 pistol had a free breechblock and fired 5.6 mm cartridges.
For the P-4 model, an attachment holster was developed - a butt, which was attached to the back of the handle. In most cases, the shooters "adjusted" to the force on the trigger, which is allowed by the rules of the competition, equal to one and a half kilograms.
The use of a stock when firing from the R-4 allows for a sufficiently high fire efficiency at distances significantly exceeding the usual 25-50 meters provided for personal weapons.
TT was widely used in foreign countries... In the early nineties, this pistol returned home again: thousands of TTs, mainly of Chinese production, flooded the Russian arms market with an avalanche.
| The table of exceeding (lowering) the average trajectory when firing from a pistol, reduced to a normal battle by 25 m. | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Distance, m | Excess (decrease), cm | The radius of the circle centered in the STP containing | ||
| With an excess of the midpoint of impact (STF) 12.5 cm above the aiming point | With combination of STP with aiming point | 100% holes (R100), cm | 50% holes (R50), cm | |
| 10 | +5,4 | +0,4 | 3,5 | 2,0 |
| 15 | +8,0 | +0,5 | 5,0 | 3,0 |
| 20 | +10,4 | +0,3 | 6,5 | 4,0 |
| 25 | +12,5 | 0 | 7,5 | 4,5 |
| 30 | +14,7 | - 0,3 | 9,0 | 6,0 |
| 40 | +18,7 | - 1,3 | 12,0 | 7,0 |
| 50 | +21,8 | - 3,2 | 16,0 | 8,0 |
Notes to the table.
The "+" sign indicates the excess of the trajectory over the aiming point, with the "-" sign - the decrease.
Traumatic version
On the basis of the pistol, there are its traumatic variants called TT-Leader and MP-81, supplied to the civilian market as a self-defense weapon.
Disassembly and assembly of the TT pistol
Self-loading pistols are products of fine mechanics and technology. To ensure reliable operation, you need to know their structure, be able to recognize the first signs of an impending technical illness. An important and obligatory step in this direction is mastering the skills of disassembling and assembling weapons. Disassembly of the pistol is subdivided into incomplete (partial) and complete.
Incomplete disassembly is carried out in order to Maintenance pistol, inspection and lubrication. Complete disassembly is required much less often, but it is mandatory in those cases when the pistol has been in special conditions - it got into the water, got into the mud, for a long time was in various kinds of environments of increased aggressiveness.
The first rule of thumb to do this is to choose a clean and comfortable place. A smooth table, a wide bench, and even bedding are best suited for this. In the course of complete disassembly, it is necessary to observe accuracy and order: put parts and mechanisms in the disassembly sequence, handle them carefully, do not allow sharp blows. When assembling, pay attention to the numbering of parts - confusion with parts of other pistols, even of the same system, is unacceptable.
Incomplete disassembly
1. Press the magazine release button to remove the magazine from the pistol grip (Fig. 1).
2. To remove the pistol from the safety cocking, to do this, cock the trigger (Fig. 2), pull the bolt back
and check if there is a cartridge in the chamber (Fig. 3).
3. Release the bolt, smoothly release the trigger.
4. Remove the slide stop: for which with the end of the magazine cover
push back the spring of the slide stop and push it back by the ledge so that it releases the axis of the slide stop (Fig. 4) (in this case, do not remove the spring, but leave it on the rack), then,
pressing on the protruding part of the slide stop axis, remove it from the frame (Fig. 5).
5. Remove the bolt with the barrel, for which holding the return
spring slide the shutter forward along the grooves of the frame.
6. Remove the return spring together with the guide rod and tip from the valve (Fig. 6).
7. Turning the guide sleeve by 180 °, pull out its bolt forward (Fig. 7).
8. Rotate the breech so that the breech bearing lugs come out of the annular grooves of the barrel
and the trunk moved forward a little; tilting the shackle forward, remove the barrel (Fig. 8).
9. Remove the block of the firing mechanism (Fig. 9).
The practice of operating the pistol has made its own adjustments to the procedure for disassembling and assembling the pistol.
So, to prevent deformation of the return spring during disassembly, before separating the slide delay, the guide sleeve is usually separated, for which the tip of the return mechanism (Fig. 10) is recessed with a ramrod, the guide sleeve is rotated 180 ° and removed from the barrel (Fig. 7), and the held the return mechanism is slowly unloaded by hand (fig. 11).
After that, the separation of the slide lag occurs without the slightest effort.
Incomplete disassembly of the pistol completed.
The assembly of the pistol is carried out in the reverse order.
To connect the barrel to the bolt, the barrel must be inserted into the bolt by folding the shackle back. When installing the shutter on the frame, the trigger block should be recessed so that it does not interfere with the free movement of the shutter. To attach the slide stop, move the slide back a little so that the hole in the shackle of the barrel matches the hole in the frame.
Before complete disassembly, the pistol must be partially disassembled. Further disassembly is carried out as follows: 
Disassemble the trigger block:
1. Pulling the trigger back, knock out the sear axis and remove the sear and the uncoupler.
2. With the rod of the uncoupler, push out the trigger axis and separate it together with the spring. It is necessary to hold the spring and make sure that it does not fly out when the load is released.
Expand the frame:
1. With the long feather of the trigger block, turn the tail of the fixing strip of the left cheek and, pushing it from the inside, separate it. Repeat the same with the right cheek.
2. Press the lid hold up and, pushing from the inside, separate the release spring and the latch from the lid.
3. Press the split head of the magazine latch to push it out of the base and frame. Separate the base from the frame and remove the magazine latch spring from the check.
4. Remove the trigger from the frame socket by moving it forward.
Disassemble the return spring:
1. Separate the guide rod from the return spring.
2. Separate the tip from the return spring by turning it in different directions.
1 - drummer,
2 - striker spring,
3 - split axis. "Rel =" lightbox "> 
Disassemble the shutter:
1. Knock out the pin of the striker and remove the striker with a spring.
2. Repeat a similar operation with the ejector.
Disassemble the store:
1. Drown the magazine cover with the pointed end of a match or hairpin, slide it forward and, holding the spring hold, remove the cover.
2. Remove the spring with the feeder.
Complete disassembly of the pistol is complete.
1. Shop. 2. Shutter delay.
3. Shutter with sights, ejector and striker and their springs.
4. Return mechanism (spring, guide rod and tip).
5. Barrel with an earring. 6. Guide sleeve.
7. Shoe firing mechanism with a trigger, mainspring, sear and its spring and disconnector.
8. Frame with release spring release, magazine catch and cheeks "rel =" lightbox "> 
After complete disassembly, the pistol is assembled in the reverse order. When assembling the store, after inserting the supply spring, a delay is imposed on it with the bent end outward and forward.
By pressing on it, the delay should be drowned flush with the lower edge of the store and, holding it in this position, slide the cover onto the store. After assembly, it is necessary to check the functionality of the gun.
The operation of a new pistol must be started with a thorough removal of the preservative grease by disassembling all detachable joints of the pistol parts and especially removing it from the striker channel, otherwise negative temperatures it will lead to misfires,
- pistol resource exceeds 6000 shots at the most intensive firing mode (96 shots in a row - 12 loaded magazines, and subsequent cooling in water or air to ambient temperature);
- the bores of the TT pistols are not chrome-plated, therefore, special attention should be paid to their cleaning in order to avoid corrosion;
- it is forbidden to make idle triggers without a dummy cartridge or a spent cartridge case in the chamber in order to avoid breakage of the split axis of the drummer, release the trigger from the combat platoon smoothly, holding it.
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The creator pistol TT-Tulsky Tokarev became an outstanding engineer small arms Fedr Vasilyevich Tokarev (1871-1968), who created the SVT-40 self-loading rifle for the Red Army during the Second World War.
Causal appearance pistol TT became a morally and technically obsolete Nagano pistol of the 1895 model, which was in service with the police and the military. In the 1920s, the German Mauser S-96 pistol was very popular, which was purchased for the Soviet Army, where he received a lot positive feedback... On February 12, 1931, the Revolutionary Military Council, after testing several pistols, decided to opt for a pistol TT-30(the first index of the pistol) and decided to order the first trial batch of 1000 pistols. Thanks to the first batch, the pistol revealed flaws that were corrected in the shortest possible time, which made it possible to produce a full-fledged TT pistol under the index TT-33... The pistol was based on the American Colt M1911 pistol, but partially simplified (the trigger group was combined into one module). The principle of reloading the pistol was the rollback of the bolt, which is transmitted by the sleeve when fired. The pistol has a bolt action. If the magazine has run out of cartridges, that bolt carrier engages the bolt lag, which makes the shooter understand that the pistol is empty and when changing the magazine, it is not necessary to juggle the bolt. A special feature of the pistol was the setting on the safety lock with the trigger, which later became its disadvantage, since the wear of the pistol parts could accidentally be removed from the safety lock and fire an accidental shot, as a result, an order was given not to have a cartridge in the chamber during the operation of the pistol. For a pistol of its class, there were not bad technical characteristics, which made it possible to aim the 7.62x25 cartridge up to 50 meters and lay the cartridges at such a distance with a spread of 15 cm, and its cost was attractive with high-quality production. Also for export was produced 9-mm TT chambered for 9x19 Para.
Famous gun TT produced from 1930 to 1951, 1.7 million units were produced in the Soviet Union alone, and TT is also produced now in many countries of the world under license. became the main pistol for military and internal affairs until the 1970s, even now it is in service with the VOKHR and is available in large quantities in military warehouses for conservation. Until 1941, 600 thousand pistols were produced and by 1945 the TT pistol completely replaced the Nagano revolver. The captured pistol during the war was positively assessed by the Germans, which had the index "Pistole-615" in German army... For changing pistol TT the Makarov pistol came to Russia, but that's another story. The second brief birth of the pistol TT began the "dashing 90s", when he often appeared in crime reports, which was immediately "thrown off" after the crime, often a TT pistol with a silencer became for this.
The disadvantage of the TT pistol with a silencer was the rapid wear of spare parts and a large weight load on the barrel, which could lead to jamming of the pistol or a lack of recoil force of the bolt with a lack of force of powder gases that were absorbed by the silencer.
Pistol TT-33 (Tula Tokarev) produced in the following countries:
- China under the designation Type-51, Type-54 with a safety catch, Type-213 chambered for 9x19 cartridge for 8 rounds, Type-213A chambered for 9x19 cartridge for 14 rounds, Type-213B with non-automatic fuse;
- Hungary half by the index TT-58 and Tokarev 48M;
- Vietnam in artisanal conditions;
- Egypt under the symbol Tokagypt-58 chambered for 9x19;
- DPRK Type-68 / M68;
- Poland PW wz. 33;
- Romania Cugir Tokarov;
- Yugoslavia M54, M57, M70A chambered for 9x19, M88, Z-10 chambered for 10 mm;
- Iraq;
- Pakistan.
Also produced were sports modifications P-3 chambered for 5.6 mm, which completely copied a conventional TT, and P-4 with an elongated barrel.
It is not going to go down in history, as it produces pneumatic pistols, traumatic, signal, and in many countries it is still in service.
The pistol turned out to be reliable and simple, which rightfully deserves a place in weapon history not only in Russia, but also in other countries of the World.
| Number of shots | 8 in the store |
| Barrel diameter | 7.62x25 mm |
| Combat rate of fire | there is no data |
| Sighting range | 50 meters |
| Maximum firing range | 900-1000 meters |
| Initial departure speed | 420-450 m / s |
| Automation | free shutter recoil |
| The weight | 0.85 kg empty / 0.94 with cartridges |
| Dimensions (edit) | 127x24x48 mm |
Caliber: 7.62 × 25mm (7.63mm Mauser)
USM: Single action
Length: 116 mm
The weight: 910 g
Shop: 8 rounds
The TT pistol (Tula, Tokareva), as its name suggests, was developed at the Tula Arms Factory by the legendary Russian gunsmith Fyodor Tokarev. The development of a new self-loading pistol, intended to replace both the standard obsolete revolver Nagant arr 1895, and various imported pistols in service with the Red Army, began in the second half of the 1920s. In the 1930 year, after lengthy tests, the Tokarev system pistol is recommended for adoption, and the army orders several thousand pistols for military trials... In 1934, according to the results of trial operation in the troops, the Red Army adopted a slightly improved version of this pistol under the designation "Tokarev's 7.62mm self-loading pistol, model 1933". Along with the pistol, a 7.62mm P-type pistol cartridge (7.62x25mm), created on the basis of the popular powerful 7.63mm Mauser cartridge, purchased for the Mauser C96 pistols available in large quantities in the USSR, is also adopted. Later, cartridges with tracer and armor-piercing bullets were also created. TT pistol mod. For 33 years, it was produced in parallel with the revolver of the Nagant until the beginning of World War II, and then completely displaced the revolver from production. In the USSR, TT production continued until 1952, when it was officially replaced in service with the Soviet Army by the Makarov PM pistol. The TT remained in the army until the 1960s, and to this day, a significant number of these pistols have been mothballed in the army's reserve warehouses. In total, about 1,700,000 TT pistols were produced in the USSR. In addition, in the late 1940s - 1950s, the USSR transferred documentation and licenses for the production of TT to a number of allied countries, namely Hungary, China, Romania, North Korea, Yugoslavia. In these countries, TT pistols were produced both for the military and for export and commercial sale. Export versions could have a different caliber (9mm parabellum) as well as a non-automatic fuse of one design or another. In China and Yugoslavia, TT-based pistols are still being produced.
For its time, the TT pistol represented enough perfect weapon, powerful and reliable, easy to maintain and repair. Its main disadvantages were reduced safety in handling due to the lack of full-fledged safety devices, a relatively low stopping effect of a light 7.62mm bullet, and an uncomfortable grip shape. In 1938 - 39, work was carried out to adopt a more modern pistol for the Red Army, however, due to the outbreak of the war, they were not completed. In 1942, the TT version with a two-row high-capacity magazine was created, but it was not mass-produced.
The Tokarev pistol, model 1933, is built on the basis of automation that uses recoil energy with a short barrel stroke. The barrel is locked by tilting it in the vertical plane using a swinging earring (similar to the Browning / Colt M1911 system). Locking protrusions on the barrel are made around its entire circumference, which simplifies the manufacture of the barrel. The firing mechanism is a single-action trigger mechanism, made in the form of a single, easily removable module (for the first time in the world). There are no safety devices, for a relatively safe carrying of a pistol with a cartridge in the chamber there was a safety half-cocking of the trigger, however, with worn parts of the trigger, the fall of the pistol with the trigger on half-cocking could lead to an accidental shot. The sight is open, unregulated, pistols were fired at a distance of 25 meters. The handle cheeks are plastic or wooden, with large vertical corrugations. At the bottom of the grip there is a sling swivel for the pistol belt. Cartridges are fed from detachable single-row box magazines with a capacity of 8 rounds. Magazine latch - push-button, located at the base of the trigger guard on the left.
Pistol mod. 1933 g.(TT, Tulsky, Tokareva, GRAU Index - 56-A-132) - the first self-loading army pistol of the USSR, developed in 1930 by the Soviet designer Fyodor Vasilyevich Tokarev.
| TACTICAL AND TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS TOKAREV PISTOL OBR. 1933 YEAR | |
|---|---|
| Manufacturer: | Tula arms factory |
| Cartridge: | 7.62 × 25 mm TT |
| Caliber: | 7.62 mm |
| Empty weight: | 0.854 kg |
| Weight with cartridges: | 0.94 kg |
| Length: | 195 mm |
| Barrel length: | 116 mm |
| Number of grooves in the barrel: | 4 |
| Height: | 130 mm |
| Firing mechanism (USM): | Single-acting kurkovy |
| Operating principle: | Barrel recoil with short stroke |
| Fuse: | Safety cocking of the trigger |
| Aim: | Front sight and permanent rear sight with an aiming slot |
| Effective range: | 50 m |
| Bullet muzzle velocity: | 450 m / s |
| Ammunition type: | Detachable store |
| Number of cartridges: | 8 |
| Production years: | 1930–1955 |
History of creation and production
The TT pistol was developed for the 1929 competition for a new army pistol, announced to replace the Nagant revolver and several models of foreign-made revolvers and pistols that were in service with the Red Army by the mid-1920s. As a standard cartridge, the German cartridge 7.63 × 25 mm Mauser was adopted, which in significant numbers purchased for the Mauser S-96 pistols in service.
The competition committee, headed by M.F. The commission's requirements included improved firing accuracy, ease of triggering effort, and safety in handling. In a few months of work, the shortcomings were eliminated. On December 23, 1930, a decision was made on additional tests.
According to the test results, the TT pistol, created by the design team led by F.V. Tokarev in the design bureau of the Tula Arms Plant, won the competition. On February 12, 1931, the Revolutionary Military Council of the USSR ordered the first batch of 1000 pistols for comprehensive military tests. In the same year, Tokarev's pistol was put into service under the official designation “7.62-mm self-loading pistol mod. 1930 " together with a cartridge 7.62 × 25. The pistol, called TT (Tula Tokareva), was simple and technologically advanced in production and operation.
TT pistol mod. 1933 At the same time, the USSR bought a license for the production of a cartridge from the German company Mauser and began production under the designation "7.62-mm pistol cartridge" P "mod. 1930 " ...
Several thousand copies were produced in 1930-1932. In order to improve the manufacturability of production, in 1932-1933. the weapon has undergone modernization: the lugs of the barrel were not milled, but carried out by turning; the frame was made in one piece, without a removable handle cover; the uncoupler and the trigger link were improved. At the beginning of 1934, a new pistol was put into service under the name “7.62-mm self-loading pistol mod. 1933 ".
In November-December 1941, the equipment for the manufacture of TT was transferred to Izhevsk. In 1942, the Izhevsk Machine-Building Plant No. 74 managed to produce 161,485 Tokarev pistols. Also in 1942, Izhevsk Plant No. 74 produced a small batch of Tokarev's pistol with a two-row magazine for 15 rounds. The thickness of the handle was 42 mm (versus 30.5 mm for the standard TT). The magazine latch has been moved to the base of the handle.
In 1947, the TT was again modified in order to reduce its cost: large vertical grooves, alternating with small grooves on the casing-shutter for convenient pulling back of the bolt, were replaced with small grooves (corrugation).
Variants and modifications:
Design and principle of operation
The TT pistol combines design features different systems: Barrel locking scheme designed by J.M.Browning, used in the famous Colt M1911, Browning M1903 design and cartridge originally developed for the Mauser C96 pistol.
According to some experts, when developing the design of the pistol, it was originally intended to completely copy the design of the modified Browning pistol with a detachable trigger firing mechanism. However, in the process of work, the designers refused to completely copy due to the lack of a technological base for the production of a complete copy of the original. It was necessary to reduce production costs by simplifying the design.
At the same time, the pistol has original design solutions aimed at ease of handling the weapon: combining the trigger mechanism in a separate single block-block, which, when disassembling the weapon, is freely separated from the frame for cleaning and lubrication; placement of the mainspring in the trigger, which reduced the longitudinal width of the handle; fastening of the grip cheeks with the help of rotary bars fixed on them, which simplified the disassembly of the pistol, the absence of a safety mechanism - its function was performed by the safety cocking of the trigger.
TT pistol, partially disassembled. Browning's scheme for locking the barrel with a short stroke and a swinging shackle, the automatic system, as well as the trigger, borrowed from the Colt M1911 pistol, have been modified to simplify production.
USM single action. The impact mechanism is made in a single unit, which simplifies factory assembly. (A few years later, the Swiss gunsmith Charles Petter used the same layout in the French Model 1935 pistol).
The pistol does not have a fuse as a separate part; its function is performed by a safety cocking of the trigger. To set the trigger on the safety cocking, you need to pull the trigger back a little. After that, the release and shutter will be locked, and the trigger will not touch the striker. This eliminates the possibility of a shot when the pistol falls or accidentally hits the trigger head. To release the trigger from the safety cocking, you need to cock the trigger. To put the cocked hammer on the safety cocking, you must first release it by holding it and pressing the trigger. And then the trigger needs to be pulled back a little.
Carrying a pistol with a cartridge in the chamber with the trigger pulled is not recommended and does not make sense, since to fire the trigger you need to cock the trigger, just like the trigger set to the safety cocking.
TT pistol in a holster. On the left side of the frame is the slide stop lever. When the magazine is used up, the shutter is delayed in the rear position. To remove the shutter from the delay, you need to lower the shutter delay lever.
The magazine holds 8 rounds. The magazine release button is located on the left side of the handle, at the base of the trigger guard, like the Colt M1911.
Hits when shooting at 50 m in each of 10 series of 10 shots are placed in a circle with a radius of 150 mm.
Sights consist of a front sight, made integral with the bolt, and a rear sight pressed into a dovetail groove at the rear of the bolt. The handle cheeks were made of bakelite or (during the war years) of wood (walnut).
Advantages and disadvantages
The TT pistol is distinguished by its simplicity of design and, therefore, by its low production cost and ease of maintenance. A very powerful cartridge, which is not typical for pistols, provides an unusually high penetration power and a muzzle energy of about 500 J. The pistol has a short, easy trigger and provides significant accuracy shooting, an experienced shooter is capable of hitting a target at distances of more than 50 meters. The pistol is flat and compact enough for concealed carry. However, in the course of operation, disadvantages also appeared.
Before World War II, the military demanded that a pistol could fire through the embrasures of a tank. TT did not satisfy this condition. Many experts consider this requirement to be absurd. However, the Germans did not stop from making such a requirement for their weapons: the Luger P08, Walther P38 and even the MP 38/40 fully satisfied him.
Without a safety catch, the TT was put into a safe position by the so-called semi-cocking of the trigger, which made it difficult to bring the pistol into the firing position. There were involuntary cases of self-shooting, one of which was described by Yuri Nikulin in his book "Almost Seriously". Ultimately, the Charter explicitly prohibited carrying a pistol with a cartridge in the chamber, which further increased the time it took to bring the pistol into combat readiness.
Another drawback is poor fixation of the store, which leads to its spontaneous loss.
The mainspring, placed in the hammer cavity, has a low survivability.
The ergonomics of the TT raises a lot of criticism compared to other designs. The angle of inclination of the handle is small, its shape does not contribute to a comfortable holding of the weapon.
The TT pistol is distinguished by its flat trajectory and high penetrating action of a pointed bullet, which is capable of penetrating an army helmet or light body armor. The penetrating effect of the TT bullet exceeds the penetrating effect of the 9x19 mm cartridge (the 7.62 P bullet with a lead core, after being fired from a TT pistol, penetrates body armor class I protection, but class II body armor does not penetrate even when fired at point-blank range. , the stopping effect of 7.62 mm TT bullets is inferior to the action of a 9 × 19 mm cartridge.
Operation and combat use
In the period 1930-1945:
Video
Shooting from TT, weapon handling, etc.:
TT pistol.
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