At all times, people have been interested in: why does a person die? In fact, that's enough interest Ask, to answer which we can consider several theories that can shed light on this situation. There are many different opinions on this topic, but in order to understand what death is and why a person is susceptible to it, it is necessary to uncover the mystery of old age. On this moment a large number of Scientists are struggling to solve this problem, completely different theories are being put forward, each of which, one way or another, has the right to life. But, unfortunately, none of these theories have been proven at the moment, and this is unlikely to happen in the near future.
Theories related to aging
As for opinions on the question “Why does a person die?”, they are all as diverse as they are similar. What these theories have in common is that natural death always comes with old age. Defined Circle Scientists are of the opinion that old age as such begins at the moment of the emergence of life. In other words, as soon as a person is born, the invisible clock begins its reverse movement, and when the dial goes to zero, the person’s presence in this world will also cease.
There is an opinion that until a person reaches maturity, all processes in the body occur in the active stage, and after this moment they begin to fade away, along with this the number of active cells decreases, which is why the aging process occurs.
As for immunologists and some gerontologists who tried to find an answer to the question “Why does a person die?”, then, from their point of view, with age, autoimmune phenomena intensify in a person against the background of a decrease in the reaction of cells, which, in essence, leads to What the immune system the body begins to “attack” its own cells.
Genetics, naturally, say that the whole problem lies in genes, while doctors argue that human death is inevitable due to body defects that accumulate throughout a person’s life.
Law of nature
Thanks to scientists from the USA who conducted research on this issue, it became known that people die while in the “kingdom of Morpheus”, mainly due to respiratory arrest. This occurs mainly in older people due to the loss of cells that control the breathing process, sending signals to the body to contract the lungs. In principle, such a problem can occur among a lot of people, its name is obstructive apnea, and this problem is the main one. But there cannot be such a cause of death as obstructive apnea. This is due to the fact that a person experiencing oxygen starvation (lack of oxygen) wakes up. And the cause of death is central sleep apnea. It should be noted that a person may even wake up, but still die due to lack of oxygen, which will result from a stroke or cardiac arrest. But, as mentioned earlier, this disease mainly affects older people. But there are also those who die before reaching old age. Therefore, a very reasonable question arises: why do people die young?
Death of the Young
It's worth starting with what Lately approximately 16 million girls between the ages of 15 and 19 give birth. At the same time, the risks of infant death are much higher than those of those girls who crossed the 19-year-old barrier. These problems are caused by both physiological and psychological factors.
Not the last reason Malnutrition is also an issue, and this is due to both obesity and problems associated with anorexia.
Smoking. Drugs. Alcohol
Concerning bad habits, such as abuse of alcohol, nicotine, and even more so drugs, then this problem every year affects younger and younger segments of the population, who not only put their future children at risk, but also themselves.
Still, the most common cause of death among the young population is unintentional injuries. The reason for this can also be alcohol and drugs, not counting youthful maximalism, which cannot be discounted. Therefore, until teenagers reach adulthood, all responsibility for moral and psychological education lies entirely with the parents.
How does a person feel at the moment of death?
In fact, the question of a person’s feelings after death has worried all of humanity throughout its existence, but only recently have they begun to say with confidence that all people at the moment of death experience definitely the same feelings. This became known thanks to people who experienced clinical death. Most of them claimed that even lying on the operating table, being immobilized, they continued to hear and sometimes see everything that was happening around them. This is possible due to the fact that the brain is the last thing to die, and this happens mainly due to lack of oxygen. Of course, there are stories about a tunnel at the end of which there is a bright light, but there is virtually no reliability of this particular information.
Finally
Having delved into the problem and understood it, we can confidently answer the question: why does a person die? Quite often people ask themselves similar questions, but you should not devote your entire life to the problem of death, because it is so short that there is no time to spend it on understanding those problems for which humanity is not yet ready.
Sudden death occurs as a result of a fast-flowing latent or clinically pronounced painful condition. As medical practice shows, sudden death in adults often occurs due to acute coronary insufficiency, congenital or acquired cardiac and vascular pathologies. Find out what symptoms may indirectly indicate hidden threat.
What is sudden death
According to international medical recommendations, a person’s death within 6 hours after the appearance of the first symptoms of a pathological condition is considered sudden. Instant death, or translated into English sudden death, occurs without knowing known cause. In addition, there are no morphological signs on the basis of which an appropriate diagnosis of the patient’s sudden death can be made at autopsy.
However, during a post-mortem examination of a person, a pathologist, having compared all available data, can make a logical conclusion about the instantaneous or violent death of the person. In most cases, instant death is supported by changes in organs in which continuation of life for the shortest period of time is impossible.
Causes of sudden death
Statistics show that the main cause of most deaths is heart disease: ischemic pathology, the onset of ventricular fibrillation. At the same time, when answering what causes instant death, experts often name chronic illnesses that occur in a latent form for a long time, after which they suddenly worsen and lead to the unexpected death of a person. One of these deadly diseases is cancer.
In most cases, oncology develops asymptomatically and makes itself felt when the patient is often considered hopeless. Thus, malignant liver disease is the main cause of unexpected deaths in China. Another insidious disease that can lead to sudden death is AIDS, which claims millions of lives in Africa every year. In addition, it is worth mentioning separately about Mexico. This is the only country in which cirrhosis of the liver occurs main reason high mortality rate of the population.
In young age
Today, young men and women are exposed to the negative influence of modern lifestyle every day. From TV screens and the covers of fashion magazines, the cult of a slender (often dystrophic) body, accessibility and promiscuity is imposed on young people. Therefore, it is quite understandable that the mortality rate of people just beginning their life journey will increase over time. The main causes of instant death among boys and girls under 25 years of age are considered to be:
- alcohol;
- smoking;
- promiscuity;
- drug addiction;
- poor nutrition;
- psychological sensitivity;
- hereditary diseases;
- severe congenital pathologies.
In a dream
Unexpected death in this condition occurs due to the loss of special cells responsible for the contractility of the lungs. Thus, scientists from the USA were able to prove that people die in their sleep in most cases due to central sleep apnea. In this case, a person may even wake up, but still leave this mortal world due to oxygen starvation caused by a stroke or cardiac arrest. As a rule, elderly people are susceptible to this syndrome. There are no specific treatments for central sleep apnea.
Sudden infant death
This syndrome was first described in the early 60s of the last century, although cases of instant death of infants were recorded earlier, but they were not subjected to such a thorough analysis. Young children have very high adaptive abilities and incredible resistance to a variety of negative factors, because death infant is considered to be an exceptional situation. Nevertheless there is whole line external and internal reasons that can lead to sudden infant death:
- elongation QT interval;
- apnea (the phenomenon of periodic breathing);
- deficiency of serotonin receptors;
- overheat.
Risk factors
Due to the fact that the main cardiogenic cause of instant death is ischemic disease, it is quite logical to assume that the syndromes accompanying this heart pathology can be fully attributed to conditions that can increase the likelihood of sudden death. With all this, it has been scientifically proven that this connection is mediated through the underlying disease. Clinical risk factors for the development of clinical death among patients with ischemic syndrome are:
- acute myocardial infarction;
- post-infarction macrofocal sclerosis;
- unstable angina;
- heart rhythm disturbance due to ischemic changes (rigid, sinus);
- ventricular asystole;
- myocardial damage;
- episodes of loss of consciousness;
- damage to the coronary (heart) arteries;
- diabetes;
- electrolyte imbalance (eg, hyperkalemia);
- arterial hypertension;
- smoking.
How does sudden death occur?
This syndrome develops in a matter of minutes (less often hours) without any warning in the midst of complete well-being. In most cases, instant death affects young men aged 35 to 43 years. Moreover, often during the pathological examination of the deceased, vascular causes of sudden death are discovered. Thus, studying the increasing cases of instant death, experts came to the conclusion that the main provoking factor in the occurrence of this syndrome is a violation of coronary blood flow.
For heart failure
Instant in 85% of cases death is recorded in individuals with structural abnormalities of the organ that pumps blood into the vessels. In this case, sudden cardiac death looks like a lightning-fast clinical variant of coronary disease. Medical practice shows that in a quarter of people who die instantly, bradycardia and episodes of asystole are observed before the onset of primary symptoms. Death from cardiac arrest occurs due to the launch of the following pathogenetic mechanisms:
- Reducing left ventricular fractional ejection by 25-30%. This syndrome greatly increases the risk of sudden coronary death.
- Ectopic focus of automatism in the ventricle (more than 10 ventricular extrasystoles per hour or unstable ventricular tachycardia), arising as a consequence of ventricular arrhythmias. The latter mostly develop against the background of acute transient myocardial ischemia. An ectopic focus of automatism is usually classified as a risk factor for sudden arrhythmic death.
- The process of spasm of the blood vessels of the heart, which leads to ischemia and contributes to the deterioration of the restoration of blood flow to damaged areas.
It is worth noting that tachyarrhythmia is a particularly significant electrophysiological mechanism resulting in sudden coronary death in a person with heart failure. At the same time, timely treatment of this condition using a defibrillator with a modified pulse configuration significantly reduces the number of deaths among patients who have suffered sudden cardiac arrest.
From a heart attack
Blood enters the heart through the coronary arteries. If their lumen closes, the formation of primary foci of necrosis and ischemia in the heart occurs. Acute manifestation of cardiac pathology begins with damage to the vascular wall with further thrombosis and spasm of the arteries. As a result, the load on the heart increases, the myocardium begins to experience oxygen starvation, which affects its electrical activity.
As a result of a sudden coronary spasm, ventricular fibrillation occurs, a few seconds after which a complete cessation of blood circulation to the brain occurs. At the next stage, the patient experiences respiratory arrest, atony, and absence of corneal and pupillary reflexes. After 4 minutes from the onset of ventricular fibrillation and complete cessation of blood circulation in the body, irreversible changes occur in the brain cells. In general, death from a heart attack can occur in 3-5 minutes.
From a blood clot
In the venous bed, these pathological formations arise due to the uncoordinated work of the coagulation and anticoagulation systems. Thus, the onset of the appearance of a clot is caused by damage to the vascular wall and its inflammation against the background of thrombophlebitis. Perceiving the appropriate chemical signal, the coagulation system comes into action. As a result, fibrin threads form near the pathological area, in which blood cells become entangled, creating all the conditions for the blood clot to break off.
In arteries, the formation of clots occurs due to narrowing of the vascular lumen. Thus, cholesterol plaques block the path of free blood flow, resulting in the formation of a lump of platelets and fibrin threads. It is important to note that in medicine a distinction is made between floating and mural thrombi. Compared to the first type, the latter has a slight chance of breaking off and causing a blockage (embolism) of the vessel. In most cases, the causes of sudden cardiac arrest from a blood clot are due to the movement of a floating thrombus.
One of the serious consequences of the separation of such a clot is blockage of the pulmonary artery, which is expressed in severe coughing, cyanosis skin. Often there is respiratory failure followed by cessation of cardiac activity. An equally serious consequence of blood clot separation is a violation cerebral circulation against the background of embolism of the main vessels of the head.
Diagnosis of sudden death
A timely physical examination is the key to the success of further cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) measures. Diagnosis of instant death is based on symptoms characteristic of the patient's natural death. Thus, absence of consciousness is determined if no external stimuli cause reactions on the part of the person being resuscitated.
Diagnosis of breathing disorders is noted when within 10-20 s. observation fails to detect coordinated movements of the sternum and the noise of the air exhaled by the patient. In this case, agonal breaths do not provide adequate ventilation of the lungs and cannot be interpreted as spontaneous breathing. During ECG monitoring, it is detected pathological changes, characteristic of clinical death:
- ventricular fibrillation or flutter;
- cardiac asystole;
- electromechanical dissociation.
Clinical manifestations
In 25% of cases, sudden death occurs instantly without any warning signs. Some patients, a week before clinical death, complain of various prodromal manifestations: increased pain in the sternum, general weakness, shortness of breath. It is important to note that today there are already methods of prevention heart attack, based on early diagnosis of warning symptoms of this condition. Immediately before the onset of sudden death, half of the patients experience an anginal attack. Clinical signs of a patient’s imminent death include:
- loss of consciousness;
- absence of pulse in the carotid arteries;
- dilated pupils;
- lack of breathing or the appearance of agonal breaths;
- change in skin color from normal to gray with a bluish tint.
Medical care for sudden death
Typically, most cases of unexpected cardiac arrest occur outside the hospital. For this reason, it is extremely important to master the technique of providing emergency care in case of sudden clinical death. This is especially true for subjects of society who, due to their job responsibilities come into contact with a large number of people. Remember, competent resuscitation actions immediately in the first minutes after the onset of symptoms of cardiac arrest will help gain time before arrival medical workers.
Urgent Care
The main problem that arises in unconscious persons is obstruction of the airways by the root of the tongue and the epiglottis due to muscle atony. It must be said that this condition develops in any position of the body, and when the head is tilted forward, it develops in 100% of cases. Therefore, the first thing that needs to be done is to ensure proper airway patency. For this purpose, you need to use P. Safar’s triple technique, consisting of the following sequential actions:
- Throwing back the head;
- Moving the lower jaw forward;
- Opening the mouth.
Once airway patency is ensured, you should proceed to artificial pulmonary ventilation (ALV). When providing first aid, this activity is carried out using the mouth-to-mouth method. So, one hand is placed on the victim’s forehead, while the other pinches his nose. Then the resuscitator fixes his own lips around the mouth of the person being revived and blows air, while controlling the excursion of the patient's chest. When it is visible, you need to release the victim’s mouth, giving him a chance to exhale passively.
At the next stage, artificial maintenance of blood circulation is carried out, to ensure which an algorithm is used indirect massage heart, or chest compressions. For this purpose, it is necessary to correctly place the person being resuscitated on the flat surface. Next, you should determine the compression points: by palpating the xiphoid process and moving away from it 2 transverse fingers upward.
The hand must be placed on the border of the middle and lower part of the sternum so that the fingers are parallel to the ribs. Pushes are performed with the limbs straightened at the elbows. Chest compression is performed at a frequency of 100 compressions per minute with a break for artificial ventilation. The depth of the shocks is about 4-5 cm. Measures to restore cardiac activity should be stopped if:
- A pulse appeared in the main arteries.
- The actions taken do not have the desired effect within 30 minutes. The exception is the following conditions that require prolongation of resuscitation:
- hypothermia;
- drowning;
- drug overdose;
- electrical injury.
Resuscitation measures
Today, the CPR concept is based on strict rules, ensuring complete safety of the activities carried out for human life. In addition, an algorithm for the resuscitator’s actions in case of sudden cardiac arrest or sudden loss of respiratory function in the injured person is presented and scientifically substantiated. In the development of these conditions, time plays a major role: only a few minutes separate a person from death. The algorithm for performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation involves performing the following actions:
- Determining the condition of the victim, on the basis of which the range of measures necessary for revival is selected;
- Early initiation of CPR, which involves performing two manipulations: chest compressions and artificial ventilation.
- If the second stage is ineffective, they proceed to defibrillation. The procedure involves applying an electrical impulse to the heart muscle. In this case, direct current discharges should be applied only if the electrodes are correctly installed and good contact with the skin of the victim.
- On at this stage, as a rule, the victim is provided with specialized medical care, including the following early treatment measures:
- artificial ventilation with tracheal intubation;
- drug support, involving the use of:
- catecholamines (adrenaline, atropine);
- antidiuretic hormones (Vasopressin);
- antiarrhythmic drugs (Cordarone, Lidocaine);
- fibrinolytic agents (Streptokinase).
- intravenous drip administration of electrolyte or buffer solutions (for example, sodium bicarbonate is administered for acidosis)
Video
The atmosphere on our planet, the distance to the sun and many other incredible coincidences have led to the fact that life as we know it can exist on Earth. We take all this for granted, and we, rushing to work or relaxing at a table in a cafe, do not find anything surprising in our existence. But all good things come to an end. One day the Earth will become unsuitable for supporting life as we know it. Maybe this won't happen for millions of years. But astrophysics tells us that a catastrophe can happen at any moment. And scientists have found many reasons why the Earth can become lifeless.
1) The planet's core will cool down
The earth is surrounded magnetic field called the magnetosphere, which protects us from solar wind.
This field is created due to the rotation of the planet, due to which the liquid iron-nickel shell (outer core) moves around the solid metal core ( inner core), forming a giant magnetic generator. 
The magnetosphere deflects energetic particles emitted by the sun, changing their size and shape. 
If the planet's core cools, we will lose our magnetosphere - as well as protection from the solar wind, which will gradually spread the Earth's atmosphere throughout space. 
Mars, which once had water and an atmosphere, suffered just such a fate several million years ago, becoming the dry and lifeless world we know it today. 
2) The Sun will expand
The sun, and especially our distance to it, is perhaps the most important factor, thanks to which the existence of life became possible. 
However, the Sun is a star. And the stars die. 
Right now the Sun is in the middle of its life path, constantly converting hydrogen into helium using thermonuclear reactions. 
But this can't last forever. In a few billion years, the hydrogen in the Sun's core will run out, and it will begin to recycle helium. 
Due to the fact that recycling helium provides much more energy, the Sun will begin to expand, and possibly attract the Earth towards itself. 
We will burn and evaporate. 
Either that, or the expansion of the sun, on the contrary, will push the Earth away, it will leave its orbit and will be doomed to wander through space as a wanderer planet - a dead piece of cold stone. 
3) The Earth will collide with a wanderer planet
There are many planets in space that move freely through it and do not revolve around a star. Planets quite often find themselves thrown out of their star systems during their formation.
Recent calculations show that the number of wandering planets in the Milky Way outnumbers the number of stars by 100,000 times. 
One of these planets could approach Earth and dangerously destabilize its orbit. 
Or a rogue planet could collide with Earth. Moreover, this has already happened - about 4.5 million years ago, a small planet collided with a larger one, which formed the Earth and the Moon as we know them. 
4) The Earth will collide with an asteroid
Hollywood loves such scripts.
Rocks from space can be very destructive - one of them destroyed dinosaurs. Although, of course, in order to completely destroy the planet, much more asteroids are needed. 
But it can still happen. For example, in the hundreds of millions of years since the formation of the Earth, asteroid impacts have been very common. The impacts were so strong that the oceans boiled for years, and air temperatures were above 500 degrees Celsius. Life on Earth then was single-celled, and was represented in the form of particularly heat-resistant microbes. Most of modern forms I couldn't bear to live like that. 5) The Earth may come close to a wandering black hole
Black holes are perhaps the second most popular cause of planetary death in Hollywood. It's easy to see why. 
They are mysterious and frightening. Even their name itself sounds creepy. 
We don't know much about black holes, but we do know that they are so massive that not even light can escape beyond their event horizon. 
Scientists also know that there are black holes that travel freely through space. So it is possible that one of them may visit the solar system. 
If light cannot escape from a black hole, then the Earth certainly cannot. There are two theories about what will happen to a planet after it crosses the point of no return of a large enough black hole. A smaller one will simply stretch (as astrophysicists say, “spaghettiify”) the planet. 
Some physicists say that beyond the event horizon, atoms will stretch until they are completely destroyed. 
Others - that we will end up in another part of the universe, or even in another dimension. 
But even if black hole does not pull the Earth into itself, then if it passes close enough, it can cause earthquakes and other natural disasters or disrupt the orbit of the planet, so that we will either leave solar system, or we will fall into the Sun. 6) The Earth will be destroyed by a burst of gamma radiation
Gamma-ray bursts (or simply gamma-ray bursts) are some of the most powerful phenomena in the universe. 
Many of them are the result of the collapse of a star during its death. One short burst can contain more energy than the Sun can produce in its entire lifetime. 
Such a powerful flow of energy could deprive the Earth of the ozone layer, leaving us defenseless against dangerous ultraviolet radiation, and trigger a mechanism for rapid global cooling. 
A gamma-ray burst that hit the Earth 440 million years ago could have caused the first mass extinction. 
But fortunately, David Thompson, deputy director of the gamma-ray observation project, said that gamma-ray bursts are actually not very dangerous. 
He said the chance of Earth being caught in a gamma-ray burst is about the same as "the chance of me meeting a polar bear in my closet." 
7) The Universe will fall apart in its final “Big Rip”
This is something that can destroy the entire universe, not just the Earth. 
The point is this: an unknown force called dark energy is causing the universe to expand faster and faster. 
If the expansion continues (which is very possible), after 22 billion years, interatomic bonds will weaken and all matter in the universe will gradually dissipate as energy. 
But if we assume that the Big Rip does not happen, then what could happen after global catastrophe, which humanity will not survive? 
It is quite possible that some microbes will survive, from which life will then develop again. 
But if the destruction is absolute, then extreme case, we can hope that somewhere in the universe there is another intelligent life that can pay us our final respects. 
Soviet fighter pilot Valentin Bondarenko could become the first man in space. In any case, he had a chance of this... But he simply did not live to see his first flight: he died by a stupid accident during testing.
First squad
Valentin Vasilyevich Bondarenko was born on February 16, 1937 in Kharkov. His father, the head of a workshop at the Kharkov fur factory, went to the front in the first days of the war. Together with his mother and older brother, Valentin survived the German occupation. As a high school student, he began studying at the Kharkov flying club. In 1954, after graduating from school, he entered the Voroshilovgrad Military Aviation School, after its disbandment he transferred to Grozny, and then to the Armavir School, from which he graduated with honors in 1957. Military service Bondarenko served in the aviation units of the Air Force of the Baltic Military District.
April 28, 1960 came true cherished dream Valentina: after a careful selection, he was enrolled in the first detachment of Soviet cosmonauts. Out of several thousand applicants, only 29 people were selected.
Initially, Valentin was not one of the six candidates for space flight on the Vostok spacecraft. But on various reasons several selected future cosmonauts dropped out of action, and Bondarenko was brought in for training.
Ridiculous death
The tests included a ten-day stay in a pressure chamber, the purpose of which was to test the reaction to the absence of external stimuli. It was believed that the conditions in the chamber were close to the conditions inside the spacecraft. It was located at the Air Force Research Institute-7 (now the Institute of Aviation and Space Medicine).
At the end of the experiment, Valentin was informed that he could remove the medical sensors attached to his body. There were red marks left at the attachment points, which Bondarenko wiped with a cotton swab soaked in alcohol. After that, the young man, without looking, threw the cotton wool towards the trash can. But by an unfortunate accident, it landed on the spiral of a hot electric stove and immediately burst into flames... Since the chamber was filled with almost pure oxygen, the flame quickly spread. Bondarenko's woolen training suit caught fire.
It was not possible to open the chamber quickly due to the large pressure drop. When it was finally opened, the cadet was still alive. Doctors at the Botkin Hospital fought for his life for 8 hours. He died on March 23, 1961, just 19 days before Gagarin’s flight, who, together with his squad comrades, spent several hours in his hospital... The cause of death was burn shock.
Secret Hero
The death of Senior Lieutenant Valentin Bondarenko was not reported anywhere: in those days, everything related to space was strictly classified. However, on June 17, 1961, by decree of the Presidium Supreme Council USSR Bondarenko “for the successful completion of the government’s assignment” was posthumously awarded the Order of the Red Star.
At Bondarenko’s grave, located in Kharkov at the Filippovsky cemetery, an obelisk was erected with the inscription: “In blessed memory from fellow pilots.” Only in the 80s did the postscript appear: “-cosmonauts of the USSR.”
Bondarenko left behind his wife Anna and son Alexander. For some time they continued to live in Star City, where Anna worked at the Cosmonaut Training Center, then they left for Kharkov, where they had relatives. Until Sasha’s 16th birthday, he was paid a pension of 100 rubles for his father - quite decent money at that time. Subsequently, Alexander Bondarenko followed in his father’s footsteps and became a military pilot.
Only in 1980 did the Western press begin to write about the death of Valentin Bondarenko. In the USSR, an article about him was first published in 1986 in Izvestia. In 1991, one of the lunar craters was named after Bondarenko, and in July 2013, the name of the cosmonaut was given to school No. 93 in the city of Kharkov, where he once studied.
It would seem that the death of Valentin Bondarenko has nothing to do with the space flights themselves - it is simply a tragic accident. However, without such mistakes and tragedies, astronautics could not develop. By the way, this story forced engineers and scientists to reconsider the design of the test pressure chamber, in particular, changing the composition and pressure of the atmosphere, which was taken into account in the further development of manned spacecraft.
Today in the Museum of the First Flight, located in the city of Gagarin Smolensk region, in the small homeland of the world's first man to go into space, you can see a deaf chamber, which is an exact copy the one in which Valentin Bondarenko died.
Since the appearance of man, he has always been tormented by questions of the mystery of birth and death. It is impossible to live forever, and, probably, it will not be long before scientists invent an elixir of immortality. Everyone is concerned about the question of how a person feels when he dies. What is happening at this moment? These questions have always worried people, and until now scientists have not found an answer to them.
Interpretation of death
Death is natural process the end of our existence. Without it, it is impossible to imagine the evolution of life on earth. What happens when a person dies? This question has interested and will continue to interest humanity as long as it exists.
Passing away proves to some extent that it is survival of the fittest and the fittest. Without it, biological progress would have been impossible, and man might never have appeared.
Despite the fact that this natural process has always interested people; talking about death is difficult and difficult. First of all because it gets up psychological problem. Talking about it, we seem to be mentally approaching the end of our life, which is why we don’t want to talk about death in any context.
On the other hand, it is difficult to talk about death, because we, the living, have not experienced it, so we cannot say what a person feels when he dies.
Some compare death to simply falling asleep, while others argue that it is a kind of forgetting, when a person completely forgets about everything. But neither one nor the other, of course, is right. These analogies cannot be called adequate. We can only say that death is the disappearance of our consciousness.
Many continue to believe that after his death a person simply passes into another world, where he exists not at the level of the physical body, but at the level of the soul.
It's safe to say that research into death will always continue, but it will never provide a definitive answer about how people feel at this moment. This is simply impossible; no one has ever returned from the other world to tell us how and what is happening there.
How does a person feel when he dies?
Physical sensations probably at this moment depend on what led to death. Therefore, they can be painful or not, and some believe that they are quite pleasant.
Everyone has their own inner feelings in the face of death. Most people have some kind of fear sitting inside, they seem to resist and do not want to accept it, clinging to life with all their might.
Scientific evidence shows that after the heart muscle stops, the brain still lives for a few seconds, the person no longer feels anything, but is still conscious. Some believe that it is at this time that life’s results are summed up.
Unfortunately, no one can answer the question of how a person dies and what happens. All these sensations are most likely strictly individual.
Biological classification of death
Since the very concept of death is a biological term, classification must be approached from this point of view. Based on this, the following categories of death can be distinguished:
- Natural.
- Unnatural.
Natural death can be classified as physiological death, which can occur due to:
- Aging of the body.
- Fetal underdevelopment. Therefore, he dies almost immediately after birth or while still in the womb.
Unnatural death is divided into the following types:
- Death from disease (infections, cardiovascular diseases).
- Sudden.
- Sudden.
- Death by external factors(mechanical damage, breathing problems, exposure to electric current or low temperatures, medical intervention).
This is how we can roughly characterize death from a biological point of view.
Socio-legal classification
If we talk about death from this perspective, then it can be:
- Violent (murder, suicide).
- Non-violent (epidemics, industrial accidents, occupational diseases).
Violent death is always associated with external influence, while non-violent death is caused by senile flabbiness, illness or physical disabilities.
In any type of death, damage or illness triggers pathological processes, which are the direct cause of death.
Even if the cause of death is known, it is still impossible to say what a person sees when he dies. This question will remain unanswered.
Signs of death
It is possible to identify initial and reliable signs that indicate that a person has died. The first group includes:
- The body is motionless.
- Pale skin.
- There is no consciousness.
- Breathing stopped, no pulse.
- There is no reaction to external stimuli.
- The pupils do not react to light.
- The body becomes cold.
Signs that indicate 100% death:
- The corpse is numb and cold, and cadaveric spots begin to appear.
- Late cadaveric manifestations: decomposition, mummification.
The first signs can be confused by an ignorant person with loss of consciousness, so only a doctor should pronounce death.
Stages of death
Death may take different periods of time. This can last minutes, or in some cases hours or days. Dying is a dynamic process, in which death does not occur immediately, but gradually, if you do not mean instant death.
The following stages of dying can be distinguished:
- Preagonal state. The processes of blood circulation and breathing are disrupted, this leads to the fact that the tissues begin to lack oxygen. This condition can last for several hours or several days.
- Terminal pause. Breathing stops, the work of the heart muscle is disrupted, and brain activity stops. This period lasts only a few minutes.
- Agony. The body suddenly begins to fight for survival. At this time, short pauses in breathing and weakening of cardiac activity occur, as a result of which all organ systems cannot function normally. Changes appearance person: the eyes become sunken, the nose becomes sharp, the lower jaw begins to sag.
- Clinical death. Breathing and blood circulation stop. During this period, a person can still be revived if no more than 5-6 minutes have passed. It is after returning to life at this stage that many people talk about what happens when a person dies.
- Biological death. The body finally ceases to exist.
After death, many organs remain viable for several hours. This is very important, and it is during this period that they can be used for transplantation into another person.
Clinical death
It can be called a transitional stage between the final death of the organism and life. The heart stops working, breathing stops, all signs of the body’s vital functions disappear.
Within 5-6 minutes, irreversible processes have not yet started in the brain, so at this time there is every chance of bringing a person back to life. Adequate resuscitation actions will make the heart beat again and the organs function.
Signs of clinical death
If you carefully observe a person, you can quite easily determine the onset of clinical death. She has the following symptoms:
- There is no pulse.
- Breathing stops.
- The heart stops working.
- Severely dilated pupils.
- There are no reflexes.
- The person is unconscious.
- The skin is pale.
- The body is in an unnatural position.
To determine the onset of this moment, you need to feel the pulse and look at the pupils. Clinical death differs from biological death in that the pupils retain the ability to react to light.
The pulse can be felt in the carotid artery. This is usually done simultaneously with checking the pupils to speed up the diagnosis of clinical death.
If a person is not helped during this period, then biological death will occur, and then it will be impossible to bring him back to life.
How to recognize approaching death
Many philosophers and doctors compare the process of birth and death with each other. They are always individual. It is impossible to predict with accuracy when a person will leave this world and how it will happen. However, most dying people experience similar symptoms as death approaches. How a person dies may not even be influenced by the reasons that triggered the onset of this process.
Just before death, certain psychological and physical changes occur in the body. Among the most striking and frequently encountered are the following:
- There is less and less energy left, and drowsiness and weakness throughout the body often occur.
- The frequency and depth of breathing changes. Periods of stopping are replaced by frequent and deep breaths.
- Changes occur in the senses, a person can hear or see something that others cannot hear.
- Appetite becomes weak or practically disappears.
- Changes in organ systems lead to urine that is too dark and stools that are difficult to pass.
- There are temperature fluctuations. High can suddenly give way to low.
- The person completely loses interest in the outside world.
When a person is seriously ill, other symptoms may occur before death.
A person's feelings at the moment of drowning
If you ask the question of how a person feels when he dies, the answer may depend on the cause and circumstances of death. This happens differently for everyone, but in any case, at this moment there is an acute lack of oxygen in the brain.
After the movement of blood is stopped, regardless of the method, after about 10 seconds the person loses consciousness, and a little later the death of the body occurs.
If the cause of death is drowning, then the moment a person finds himself under water, he begins to panic. Since it is impossible to do without breathing, after a while the drowning person has to take a breath, but instead of air, water enters the lungs.
As the lungs fill with water, a feeling of burning and fullness appears in the chest. Gradually, after a few minutes, calm appears, which indicates that consciousness will soon leave the person, and this will lead to death.
The lifespan of a person in water will also depend on its temperature. The colder it is, the faster the body becomes hypothermic. Even if a person is afloat and not underwater, the chances of survival decrease every minute.
An already lifeless body can still be taken out of the water and brought back to life if not too much time has passed. The first thing you need to do is release Airways from water, and then carry out full resuscitation measures.
Feelings during a heart attack
In some cases, it happens that a person suddenly falls and dies. Most often, death from a heart attack does not occur suddenly, but the development of the disease occurs gradually. Myocardial infarction does not affect a person immediately; for some time, people may feel some discomfort in the chest, but try not to pay attention to it. This is what big mistake which ends in death.
If you're prone to heart attacks, don't expect things to go away on their own. Such hope may cost you your life. After cardiac arrest, only a few seconds will pass until the person loses consciousness. A few more minutes, and death is already taking away our loved one.
If the patient is in the hospital, then he has a chance to get out if doctors detect cardiac arrest in time and carry out resuscitation measures.
Body temperature and death
Many people are interested in the question of at what temperature a person dies. Most people remember from biology lessons in school that for humans a body temperature above 42 degrees is considered fatal.
Some scientists associate fatal outcome at high temperature with the properties of water, the molecules of which change their structure. But these are only guesses and assumptions that science has yet to deal with.
If we consider the question of at what temperature a person dies, when hypothermia of the body begins, then we can say that already when the body cools down to 30 degrees, a person loses consciousness. If no measures are taken at this moment, death will occur.
Many such cases happen to people who are intoxicated, who fall asleep right on the street in winter and never wake up.
Emotional changes on the eve of death
Usually, before death, a person becomes completely indifferent to everything that happens around him. He ceases to be oriented in time and dates, becomes silent, but some, on the contrary, begin to constantly talk about the road ahead.
A loved one who is dying may begin to tell you that they talked to or saw deceased relatives. Another extreme manifestation at this time is a state of psychosis. It is always difficult for loved ones to bear all this, so you can consult a doctor and get advice about taking medications to alleviate the condition of the dying person.
If a person falls into a state of stupor or often sleeps for a long time, do not try to stir him up or wake him up, just be there, hold his hand, talk. Many people, even in a coma, can hear everything perfectly.
Death is always difficult; each of us will cross this line between life and non-existence in due time. When this happens and under what circumstances, what you will feel about it, unfortunately, is impossible to predict. This is a purely individual feeling for everyone.
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