Subject: Conversation: “Ecology and us”
Target:
contribute to the formation of a holistic perception of the world in children, promote love and a caring attitude towards nature.
Vocabulary work: ecology, habitat.
Progress of the lesson:
1. Organizational moment.
1.Introductory conversation.
The topic of today's conversation is "Ecology and us". What do you think will be discussed? That's right, today we will talk to you about nature conservation, about how humans influence nature. But here is how nature influences a person, Krasnov wrote:
“Nothing develops a person so much, nothing elevates his soul so much as communication with nature and observation of its great laws.”
It turns out that nature elevates our soul. And how sometimes it becomes offensive and painful for those people who destroy nature in the most merciless way.
2. Introductory conversation.
Today we will talk about ecology. What is ecology?
Ecology –
the science of life of all living organisms in their environment, on which the success of their survival and development depends.
What is the environment on which the successful survival of all life on earth depends?
Wednesday
- a habitat for living organisms.
There are 4 habitats: ground-air, water, underground or soil, and living organisms that serve as habitats for other organisms.
3. Game “Name who lives where?”
I will read a description of a living organism, and you must guess where it lives.
Butterflies are wonderful travelers. They can cover a distance of 100 km per day. What is their habitat? (Meadow, ground-air).
"Shark" fresh water- pike. The gluttony of these fish is surprising. One pike can eat 260 minnows per week. From here high speed height (at 2 years 5 kg). Where is her house? (Rivers, water environment).
The mole exists perfectly without light. Its eyes, like its ears, are tightly closed with fur, its front paws are powerful, with their palms facing outward (like shovels). Everything is adapted to a certain habitat. Which? (Soil or underground).
4.Crossword.
Solve the crossword puzzle.
1.Swift, helicopter-like insects often found on the banks of lakes and rivers? (Dragonfly).
2.What animals are called the kings of the steppes? (Rodents).
3. Accumulation of water in natural depressions and on land. (Lake).
4. Fish - an inhabitant of lakes, all so disheveled. (Ruff).
5. Is a shrub a tree that in nature is called “weeping”? (Willow).
There are a lot of robbers who spoil it without thinking about the future - they cut down the forests.
Carelessly stupidly generous
We are destroying nature around us, -
There are mammoths, cedars are falling,
From our own hands.
But only 1 hectare of forests gives us up to 20 million m3 during the year clean air. During the war, about 20 million hectares of forest were cut down and severely damaged.
5. Physical education minute “Tree”.
Target:
removal of muscle tone.
Instructions: We complete the task together with the teacher. We listen to the teacher’s speech: “A tree grew in the clearing, higher and higher. Suddenly a hurricane wind blew in and began to shake the branches of the trees, but the tree survived. Rain is coming. The leaves drooped, but the tree branches still grew higher. A man came and cut down the tree, but new shoots appeared on the stump, from which a new tree would then grow.”
6The next section of the conversation is “Rivers”.
Target:
Give children an idea about water pollution.
How to solve a problem clean water? Build purifiers, do not pollute water bodies. Every year numerous fertilizers Agriculture clog the water.
The Ob is polluted by industrial waste from the cities of Biysk, Rubtsovsk, Barnaul and even the city of Novosibirsk.
It is worth mentioning oil pollution of water bodies. Every year 6–10 million tons of oil enter the water. An oil film covers vast areas of water, preventing the access of oxygen and sun rays water, which leads to the inability of the inhabitants of the waters to breathe, and they die.
It's hard for something like this not to touch your soul,
Even if you are insensitive
For some reason they are thrown onto land
Lords of the sea are whales.
They hit the stones with their mighty chests,
Crashing like ships
And they resist good, worried people,
That they came to save the giants.
How many rivers dry up due to pollution?
Don’t let her, darling, die, -
You will have grandchildren and great-grandchildren who will be grateful
Believe me, the river will definitely become
Look into your eyes with gratitude.
7. Results of the lesson.
Conversation.
- What is ecology?
- What is the environment?
- Tell me why the forest needs people?
- Tell me why rivers need help?
- Tell us how man influences the animal world.
- Tell me how nature influences people.
Well done! That's the end of our lesson. Thank you for your attention!
There are two ways to submit useful information, instill good habits, to give children the skills to do something: talk with kids about pressing topics and set a personal example. If we talk about ecology, then the education of a responsible citizen begins with our personal example and well-constructed conversations filled with emotional examples.
We are in kindergarten We “talk” with children all the time, but we don’t limit ourselves to moralizing, but try to make the conversation interesting, instructive and productive. It is clear that garbage is not the only topic of conversation within environmental education. Below I will provide a list of sample topics for all ages.
It is worth saying that the conversation itself is rarely used as an independent method, but it is an obligatory component of any educational moment in a preschool educational institution. Thus, we distinguish between introductory conversations that organize children to perform one or another type of activity, accompanying conversations during a process or activity, and final or clarifying conversations. In addition, a distinction is made between cognitive and ethical conversations.
Therefore, the list of topics about ecologists from the card index, which I will give below, can be used not only within thematic classes on environmental education, month or week of ecology, but also during walks, when we observe nature, during organizational issues and on occasion, if an incident occurred that could be resolved through conversation, for example, a child picked flowers or broke a branch of a tree.
I will also add regarding conversation as the main, in my opinion, method of the educational process, that it is important to understand the power that the human word has. It wounds and heals, lifts you from your knees and kills. Remember that children absorb literally every statement you make and clearly understand the difference between what you say and how you act. real life. If you throw cigarette butts and pieces of paper on the sidewalk, there’s no point in moralizing about ethical issues...
List of topics for conversations within environmental education
So, I give a list of topics, and remember that it is suitable for any age, but, naturally, the information content must strictly correspond to the age of the child. What is clear preparatory group It will be absolutely incomprehensible to kids. Next, I will roughly describe what a card from an ecology card index looks like. And, of course, I’ll give you a tip on a good thematic guide: “Conversations based on pictures “Ecology lessons.” Demonstration material. (16 pictures + 8 diagrams)".
Topics of conversation on ecology:
- People are friends of nature;
- You need to be able to feel sorry;
- Amazing all around;
- Forest: love, protect and not be afraid;
- Secrets of plants;
- Birds and animals in winter;
- Pharmacy in the meadow;
- Do animals have houses?
- How can we help nature;
- All living things are under our protection;
- Insects are part of nature;
- Garbage is a disease of the planet;
- Don't pollute nature!
- Kindness must be learned;
- Our home is nature;
- Our helpers are birds;
- Nature in art;
- Fire: friend or foe?
As you noticed, the names of the topics are universal; they are suitable for classes in ecology and in the second younger group, and 1st grade will also find something to talk about.
How to design environmental conversation cards
Let’s take the topic: “Don’t pollute nature!” V senior group. We write down the topic on a card, then write down the goals of the conversation:
- Emphasize the problem of human pollution of nature;
- Explain how people pollute the environment: garbage, landfills, water and air pollution;
- Ensure that preschoolers understand the relevance of the problem;
- Together with children, determine ways to solve the problem of environmental pollution.
1. Introductory conversation about the existence of the problem of environmental pollution. Questions for children and expected answers:
— How do people pollute nature? (Garbage, exhaust gases, industrial waste);
— Where does household waste go from apartments and houses? (They take the garbage cars to the landfill);
— What happens to the garbage at the landfill? (Rots, decomposes, emits terrible odors, gathers hordes of rodents, its number is growing);
— How to reduce garbage dumps? (Buy less unnecessary things, sort garbage, recycle paper, glass, food waste put in compost);
— What can be made from waste paper and glass? ( New paper, glass products);
— What other types of waste are there? (Metal, construction, plastic);
- What can be done with them? (Recycle and reuse);
-What do you children throw in the trash can? (Candy wrappers, broken and old toys);
— How to reduce the amount of waste? (Donate unnecessary toys to charity, try to fix broken ones and reuse them, sort other garbage);
— Why do we need waste processing plants? (To recycle and reduce waste).
2. Demonstration of slides about products made from recycled materials.
- What can be made from ordinary garbage? (Paper products, glass, old unnecessary things can be used to make new toys, interior items, crafts and even entire houses);
3. Outdoor game “Who will assemble faster pieces of paper" and "Sorting the garbage."
4. Drawing on the theme “Garbage and nature.”
5. Closing conversation
- What did we talk about today? (About environmental pollution, waste recycling, recycled products);
- What conclusion can be drawn? (You need to take care of nature, do not litter and try to reduce the amount of waste, give a second life to unnecessary things).
What else should I add?
Using the same principle, you need to think through questions and answers on all topics. Within the framework of the article, I don’t see the point in writing “cheat sheets” on each topic. It’s actually not difficult, the main thing is to know what to talk about with your children. If you really don’t have time, you can buy ready-made cards.
Recommendations. This conversation can begin with a conversation about what specific help schoolchildren can provide to nature. By this time, children should have accumulated experience in communicating with nature and developed certain natural history and environmental knowledge. It is now important to involve younger schoolchildren in a variety of environmental conservation activities. A representative of the Ecology Committee and parents can take part in the conversation.
The purpose of the conversation. To develop children's knowledge about various types activities of schoolchildren to protect nature, arouse a desire for this activity, show joy from the work done, and give instructions for carrying out some activities to protect nature.
Equipment. Exhibition of children's drawings on the theme: “We help nature”; essays and poems by schoolchildren on the topic; a photo stand dedicated to children's activities in nature; exhibition of feeders, birdhouses; posters on nature conservation; crafts from natural material; memo “What a young friend of nature should be able to do.”
Progress of the conversation
Guys, you already know that nature needs our protection, our help. Scientists, engineers, and the entire population of our country and planet are now thinking about this. Why has the problem of nature conservation become so important and necessary? If we don't urgently help nature, it will die. What will happen on earth then?! Do you think nature conservation is only the job of adults, or can schoolchildren also make their contribution? What can and do schoolchildren do? Yes, schoolchildren can do a lot. Their activities in nature are varied. For example, protection natural environment: feeding and rescuing animals in trouble; garbage control; production of bird feeders and houses; feeding animals and birds; installation of signs in places where protected plants are distributed; helping sick trees.
Now tell me about what you did. Let's now look at our exhibition of drawings “We Help Nature.” You do a lot of things that are beneficial to nature. Some drawings can even be described in poetry. (The teacher invites the children to match the drawings with poems written on separate pieces of paper and read them.)
Many of you depicted planting plants in your drawings: flowers, trees, shrubs. This is a very kind and feasible thing. You know, there is even a saying that a person has not lived his life in vain if he has planted and grown at least one tree in his life. It’s not for nothing that people say: “The one who plants a tree will be thanked by his grandchildren, and the one who destroys it will be cursed by his children.”
Who can tell us how to plant trees correctly? (If necessary, the teacher introduces students to the rules of planting.)
One of the schoolchildren reads a poem:
We will plant linden and maple trees,
The city will be elegant and green.
We will plant poplars in rows,
Our squares will become gardens.
We will surround the school with trees -
Let the cheerful hubbub ring over her.
Happy children love greenery.
They love to see trees in bloom.
Let it bloom more and more beautiful every year
Our young planet.
(N. Kutov)
Everyone loves to relax in the shade of trees, listening to the sound of leaves, but, unfortunately, not everyone participates in tree planting, for example, like this boy.
This boy loves it in the heat
Relax in the shade of the forest.
And tell him:
If the forest is so dear to you,
Why are you nowhere?
Didn't plant a tree?
(M.Mirshakar)
Children, it is important not only to plant a plant, but also to carefully and carefully care for it, protect it from damage, from pests, and water it regularly.
The beautiful birch tree's dress is silver,
The beautiful birch tree has green braids.
Goats jumped out from the yard to the birch tree,
They began to gnaw the birch tree, and the birch tree burst into tears.
We began to defend the birch tree in a crowd,
So that the beautiful birch tree grows big.
(P.Voronko)
In early spring you can see such a picture.
The shepherd cut the bark of a birch tree,
Leaning over, he sips the sweet juice.
Drop by drop falls into the sand
Birch blood, transparent as tears.
(F. Sologub)
Tree bark must not be cut! Your heart clenches painfully when you see a crippled tree - after all, it is alive! What will happen to the tree next? It will wither by next year, the trunk and branches will gradually dry out, and the roots in the soil will die.
Very great help Schoolchildren provide assistance to birch forests during the spring sap collection. They cover the wounds with clay and explain to the sap collectors what harm they cause to the trees.
Some boy injured a birch tree,
I cut birch bark with a knife.
Birch, don’t cry: I’ll go get the first aid kit,
I'll cover the deep wound with a bandage.
(V. Suslov)
Remember!
Wounds on trees are covered with wax, garden varnish, clay, putty or plasticine. The wound should be bandaged.
How do you understand the proverb: “If there is a lot of forest, take care of it, if there is a little forest, don’t destroy it, if there is no forest, plant it?”
Which one of you planted a tree? Where? How do you care for it? Did you know that planted trees need watering?
Don't stop me from working,
I'll bring some water
And well water
Of course, I will treat everyone.
Drink, drink, don't regret it,
Do you want to pour it into a watering can?
Water the garden:
He drinks water too!
(E. Blaginina)
The children have a lot of concerns about nature at all times of the year. Schoolchildren are worried about their friends - plants and animals. This is how our guys describe their concerns. (The teacher reads excerpts from children’s essays, especially paying attention to the manifestation of moral feelings of pity, compassion, duty, responsibility.)
Our guys have been helping wintering birds for a long time: they make feeders, feed the birds, as described in the poem by O. Vysotskaya.
1st student.
For guests on the window
Kostya pours millet,
Water pours onto a saucer:
Let them get drunk.
2nd student.
The titmouse's paws are freezing:
They feel bad without mittens
Yes, and hungry in the cold...
I brought them some seeds:
Look here
This is delicious food!..
They sit on my palm.
Paws are warm. Not to be afraid of.
Let's see together what kind of feeders our guys made. (Children look at the exhibition of feeders and choose the best one.)
Schoolchildren will also have things to do in the summer.
How did you help nature in the summer, in the camp, in the village with your grandmother or in our city?
The main concern in the summer for adults and children is weed control. People have long disliked them. It is no coincidence that they say:
Get the weed out of the field!
The weed is strong on the root.
What weeds do you know?
He grew up angry and prickly in the field,
Needles in all directions. ( Burdock)Prickly, but not a hedgehog,
It will grab you if you pass by. ( Burdock)Just touch and withdraw your palm,
The grass burns like fire! ( Nettle)Nettle is a tricky herb.
Nettles are hiding in the grass,
Burns the kids patiently.
Evil and good - it bites everyone,
Doesn't let anyone through!
There are many types of weeds, including meadow bluegrass, creeping wheatgrass, wild oats, bromegrass, meadow timothy, sow thistle, stinging nettle, plantain, etc. Weeds are found in fields and vegetable gardens. Weeds must be removed, as they interfere with the growth of cultivated plants planted in vegetable gardens, flower beds, fields, etc. Cultivated plants, not weeded in time, give a lower yield, the fruits become small, and the plants themselves become small in size. Sometimes plants that are not weeded may even die.
Are you waiting for the harvest?
Don't be lazy to get up early!
If you start the beds,
You can't weed it, you can't water it -
Not a single sweet carrot
You won't find it in the garden!
(T. Belozerov)
Guys, do schoolchildren always help nature correctly? What do they most often get wrong? (The teacher works with posters reflecting children’s mistakes in environmental activities.)
One of the areas of environmental protection is the conservation of natural resources: economical use of water, gas, paper, heat, electricity; collection of scrap metal and waste paper.
Do you know that…
Does waste paper collection save the forest? 60 kg of waste paper saves the life of one spruce tree.
Today we awarded those who take care of books and notebooks. (A representative of the Ecology Committee awards schoolchildren.)
Children, how do you understand what is depicted here? (The teacher shows posters about careful attitude to natural resources.)
By helping nature, schoolchildren can take an active part in preventing bad behavior towards it: raids into nature, patrolling streets and squares.
E. Arefyeva’s fairy tale “Nature and Her Friends” was written about how nature’s friends fight against bad deeds. (The teacher reads a fairy tale.)
“In the forest, near an old, old oak tree, a small spring, Veselchak, bubbled out of the ground. And in this fontanel there lived a little sparkle with all her sisters. They splashed happily in their house, shone with all the colors of the rainbow when the sun extended its gentle rays to them, and were sad if the sun was gone for a long time. But the moments of sadness were short, because the rain added new drops to the fontanel, which quickly became familiar with Sparkle and her sisters and became completely familiar.
Sparkle and her droplet sisters were very small, but this did not stop them from taking care of each other and their fontanel. The more droplets, the more friendly they are, the louder Veselchak was.
Various little animals often came running to this protected corner of the forest to drink fresh water and chat with Veselchak, vocal birds flew in and sang their songs, entertaining the droplets, and the spring itself sang along with the birds. It turned out to be an amazing forest choir! Everyone in this forest lived together and took care of each other. But one day a car drove up to the old oak tree and a man got out. The fontanel was delighted. Now it will be useful to humans too! But big man, it seemed, did not even notice how diligently the fontanel was trying to attract his attention, how the birds were singing affably and the old oak was rustling joyfully.
Suddenly the man began to cut branches from young birch trees. Seeing this, the droplets began to cry in their house, and the old oak tree creaked menacingly. But how could they help the trees? For some reason, the forest immediately became quiet, no birds could be heard, but only the sound of an ax could be heard.
Suddenly Veselchak and the old oak heard a funny song, which was sung by boys and girls walking into the clearing. These were the guys from the Green Patrol - real friends of nature. They saw a man cutting branches and moved towards him menacingly. “Aren’t you ashamed to spoil a beautiful corner of the forest?! So big and you don’t know that nature needs to be protected!” And the adult uncle suddenly felt ashamed, got into the car and drove away.
There was nothing that could be done to help the birch trees; the guys carefully placed the branches aside. Then, seeing the spring, they hurried to it. The droplets played and sparkled in the sun. Sparkle invited the guys to drink some delicious and fresh water. Friends of nature gladly accepted this offer. The water was indeed very tasty and smelled of the forest.
Birds appeared in the branches of the old oak tree, the guardian of the fontanel, and they were pleased to meet the children. The grass rustled nearby, and two lumps rolled into the clearing: a prickly and fluffy one - a hedgehog and a hare. They came running to drink water from the spring and chat with Sparkle and her sisters. The guys also met these forest inhabitants. And then they all sat together under the oak tree, listening to the conversations of Veselchak and the breeze that quietly rustled in the branches of the old oak tree.
The guys promised that they would often visit the forest corner and meet its inhabitants. And they also said that they would always protect nature and not let it be offended.”
Children, have you ever taken part in such work? Tell us about it.
There are many things children can do to improve the natural environment, such as planting trees, flowers, classrooms and schoolyards.
Did you know that natural beauty Can I save it to admire it at home? How many of you have seen panels, paintings and other crafts made from natural materials? Let's admire your crafts made from natural materials and choose the most interesting, most original. Notice the beauty natural forms, colors, outlines. You see, even a dry twig, blade of grass, or pine cone can become a wonderful decoration for your home. (The best craft is awarded with a prize.)
Guys, what do you feel, what do you think about when you do good deeds in nature? Are you feeling joy? Of course, you are very happy and pleased. This is how L. Nikitina describes the feeling of a girl who helps nature in her story “joyful moments.”
“In the spring, on cold, stormy days, I constantly monitor the birds and feed them. Tits most often visit the feeder. Hearing the song of a cheerful little bird is a great joy!
I found several anthills in the forest and fenced them off. One of the anthills was destroyed by someone, the whole top part domes. I scooped up all the scattered building material and made a top out of it. The ants quickly set about repairing the house, and after a while it looked normal, and the owners calmed down. And for me it’s a joyful moment!
On our street, workers were laying pipes and damaged many trees. I removed the fallen trees that could no longer be saved, and carefully removed the broken branches of the rest, covered the wounds here and there, and put up supports. I think that I saved them from death, and this is also joyful.
I saw a boy who caught a small wagtail chick. I insisted that he let go of it in the same place where he picked it up. We placed the chick on a branch, walked away a little and waited for the parents to arrive. Soon the voice of a wagtail was heard, the chick perked up, began shaking its tail, and squeaked. And then two adult wagtails flew in with food and began to take turns stuffing the caterpillars they had brought into the chick’s eagerly open beak. And again joy - both for me and for the boy!”
Children, any help to a person, plant or animal brings joy, satisfaction, and happiness.
Today we will hear a story about how schoolchildren helped nature in our city. (WITH brief information based on specific examples, a representative of the Committee on Ecology speaks. The conversation can be accompanied by a screening of the filmstrip “What a young conservationist should know and be able to do.”)
At the end of the conversation, the teacher gives the children a task: to explain to their younger friends and parents how they can help nature. The conversation ends with the words of M. Andronov:
All the guys, we're going on big hikes
We can entice you with a ringing song.
Vigilantly protect our nature -
This means protecting the Motherland.
List of used literature
- Chistyakova L.A. Formation of ecological culture. – Ural: GARK, 1998.
- Khafizova L.N. How to introduce children to the rules of behavior in nature //Primary school. – 1988. – No. 8.
- Khafizova L.M. Environmental education of junior schoolchildren // Elementary school. – 1989. – No. 3.
- Tsvetkova I.V. Ecology for primary school. Games and projects. – Yaroslavl: Academy of Development, 1997.
Lyudmila Radchenko
Ecological conversation “Let's help nature”
Recommendations: Conversation you can start by talking about a specific help that children can provide nature By this time they have accumulated sufficient experience in communicating with nature certain natural history and environmental knowledge. IN conversation Preschoolers and parents can take part.
Target conversations: To develop children’s knowledge about various types of protection activities nature, to arouse a desire for this activity, to target the implementation of certain activities to provide helping nature.
Equipment: Photo stand, exhibition of children's drawings "like me helping nature» "feeders" "birdhouses",posters on the topic of security nature, crafts from natural material
Participants: Teacher, invited schoolchildren, parents.
Progress of the conversation.
IN: You already know that nature needs our protection and help. Do you think security nature _ is it only for adults or can children also make their contribution? What can they do? For example: rescue animals in trouble, remove garbage, make feeders and bird houses, feed animals and birds in winter, install signs in places where protected plants are distributed, provide helping sick trees
Now tell us about what you do. Let's see our exhibition of drawings "Like me helping nature» . Many of the drawings depicted planting plants, flowers, trees, and shrubs. This is a good and feasible thing for you. You probably know the saying that a person has not lived his life in vain if he has planted and grown at least one tree.
And who will tell us? How to plant trees correctly? (If necessary, introduce children to the rules of planting)
We will plant linden and maple trees
The city will be elegant and green
We will plant poplars in rows
Our squares will become gardens
We will surround the school with trees
Let the cheerful hubbub ring over her
Happy children love greens
Love to see trees in bloom
Let it bloom more and more beautiful every year. Our young planet.
IN: It is important not only to plant a tree. The plant, but also take good care of it. Protect from pests, water regularly
The beauty of the birch tree has a silver dress
The beauty of the birch tree has green braids
Goats jumped out of the yard towards the birch tree
They began to gnaw the birch tree, and the birch trees began to cry
We began to defend the birch tree in a crowd
So that the beauty of the birch tree grows big "P. Voronko"
In early spring you can see this picture:
The shepherd cut the bark of a birch tree
Leaning over, pulling sweet juice
Drop after drop falls into the sand,
Birch trees blood is transparent like tears (F. Sologub)
IN: Tree bark cannot be cut! Your heart aches when you see a crippled tree, because it is alive! What will happen to the tree next? It will wither by next year, the trunk will gradually dry out, and the roots in the soil will die.
REMEMBER: Wounds on trees are covered with wax, garden varnish, clay, putty or plasticine. The wound should be bandaged. In the proverb it says: Take care of a lot of forest, don’t destroy a little forest, plant no forest. Which of you planted a tree together with adults? Where? How do you care for it? Did you know that planted trees need watering?
Don't stop me from working
I'll bring some water
And well water
Of course, I’ll treat everyone
Drink, drink, don’t regret -
Water the garden
He drinks water too (E. Blaginina)
IN: Children have a lot of worries at all times of the year. They are worried about winterers birds: together with parents they make feeders and feed the birds.
For guests, Kostya sprinkles millet on the window,
He pours water on a saucer - let them drink
Titmouse feet are freezing
They feel bad without gloves
Yes, and hungry in the cold winter
I brought them seeds
Look, sbda,
They sit on my palm
Paws are warm. They are not afraid (O. Vysotskaya
Let's see together what kind of feeders our guys made. (Children look at the exhibition of feeders and choose the best one)
And how are you helped nature in the summer? The main task in the summer for adults and children is weed control. Not by chance They say: Weeds out of the field
There are many types of weeds, among them - meadow bluegrass, creeping wheatgrass, etc.
(Show pictures of plants)
Weeds are found in fields and vegetable gardens. They need to be removed, they choke out cultivated plants planted in the garden, flower beds, etc. Cultural plants that are not weeded on time give a low yield and become small. Sometimes plants that are not weeded may even die.
Waiting for the harvest
Don't be lazy, get up early!
If you start the beds
You can’t weed it, you can’t water it -
Not a single sweet carrot
You won't find it in the garden (T. Belozerov)
Any help to a person , plant or small animal - brings joy, satisfaction, happiness. And the types of this help can be very different, for example, as in the poem by A. Barto.
We didn't notice the bug
And he's alive, he's alive for now
Humming in the window, spreading its wings
And I'm calling on help mom
There's a living beetle there, open the frame.
In custody conversations give the children the task of telling their younger friends and parents what they can help nature
CONVERSATION: PLANTS ASK HELP.
RECOMMENDATIONS: Conversation It is advisable to spend in the spring in a corner nature, you can involve specialists. What role do plants play in nature? Why do humans and animals need them? Plants are the green outfit of the planet. This "lungs" planets, they release oxygen in the air, which is necessary for breathing. Plants provide food for animals and humans, and supply people building material, raw materials for fabrics.
Let's look at reproductions of paintings together “Display reproductions of paintings by landscape artists” What is shown on them? Forest, field, meadow, our dear nature. Do you like these pictures? How? Nature is also beauty, without which a person cannot do. And we see in nature First of all, the beauty of the plants around us. Unfortunately, they are sometimes in danger. Many of them die at the hands of humans, from soil and air pollution. It is no coincidence that the Red Book was created nature, where extinct and rare plants under state protection are also included. "demonstrate the Red Book" Ask the children why the book cover is red? This is a signal of danger, a sign of trouble that threatens the green side of the planet.
In one sunny day, one hectare of forest absorbs 250 kg from the air. carbon dioxide, and emits 200 kg. Oxygen
The forest takes a very long time to grow, it is difficult to grow it, and people often destroy it without thinking.
What threatens the fir trees with the approach of the New Year. How can we help them help? We will explain to people that instead of spruce, it is better to decorate the room with a New Year's bouquet of spruce branches. This will save the lives of many trees.
Winter will pass, and in the spring the plant friends will again have their hands full. Meadows and forests will turn green, and people will be drawn to the beauty of spring nature, for the sun, air and bouquets. Trouble will come to the primrose plants, and then they will urgently need our help, because there are fewer and fewer flowers left in the forests. But flowering plants - in the field, in the forest, and in the meadow - decorate our Earth and make people happy.
What plants appear first in spring? Which one is mentioned in riddle:
The flower is changeable. Either a red corolla, or a blue corolla "lungwort"
Delicate lungwort flowers decorate forest glades in spring. Don't collect it in bouquets; admire it in the forest.
What other flowers can be seen in the awakening forest?
He was the first to get out of the earth - on a thawed patch.
He is not afraid of frost, even though he is small "snowdrop"
The melody of the play sounds "snowdrop" P. I. Tchaikovsky Children listen to poems about snowdrops
A snowdrop looked out in the twilight of the forest -
Little scout sent in the spring
Let the snow still rule over the forest,
Let it lie under the snow, sleepy meadows
Let the ice remain motionless on the sleeping river
Once the scout has come, spring will come! "Serova"
In May, lilies of the valley appear; they are loved for their aroma and modest appearance. People carry bouquets from the forest in armfuls, the clearings become empty, the forests become gloomy.
Lily of the valley was born on a May day
And the forest protects him
I think: his rear –
It will ring quietly
And the meadow will hear this ringing,
And birds and flowers
Let's listen, what if
Shall we hear - me and you?
Let's never collect these flowers in bouquets and explain this correctly to our friends
How many of you had a dream about grass? Where did you see her? This is a very beautiful and delicate flower (show illustration). A lumbago or a dream - grass, you can see in early spring in the bright pine forest. Beautiful purple flowers it looks like bells, and the leaves seem to be cut into narrow strips. All plants are covered with delicate silvery fluff.
Why is this plant called dream-grass? Its drooping colors seem to be sleeping. Split leaves grow only towards the end of flowering. Dream grass is collected in armfuls, so it does not have time to produce seeds and quickly disappears. (demonstrate color photo or slide.)
Sometimes, sitting down in a clearing, we smell a subtle aroma. This is a pale blue violet. Know you are lucky, these are very rare flowers! Admire them and don’t rush to touch them with your hand. Who can show the violet in the picture? (demonstration)
In the spring, some flowering trees also get it from people. Do you know which one?
The bird cherry blossomed near the stream,
In the April sun - whispering with branches
Light as a cloud, white as snow.
Every person rejoiced at the tree
Girls came to sit under it
And it could bloom for many many days
Whose bird cherry is this? Yes she is a draw
White Snow Maiden near the stream
Aunt drove by, looking around
I immediately broke off a branch from a bird cherry tree
City schoolchildren went on a long journey
Seeing the bird cherry, they began to bend the branches.
The girls came running, but there was no Snow Maiden
Only a withered bouquet lies in the dust
And the bird cherry was as pure as snow
Every person rejoiced at the tree. (Z. Alexandrovna)
So let's not break trees. We will not collect flowers in bouquets. We will heal wounds on trees, water plants, fence young trees, plant new trees and shrubs. We will stop those who cause harm so that there are no such cases this:
Oh how I love nature! – Seryozha spoke –
I really love lilacs
And rowan too.
And I would like to ask
Quiet at Seryozha's
Who broke the lilacs in the garden
And rowan too? (R. Sef.)
In custody conversations Invite children to plant flowers and shrubs on the site and care for them.
Conversations on ecology. Senior preschool age.
Prepared by teacher: Vasilyeva S.V.
When working with preschoolers on their environmental education and training, it is necessary to use an integrated approach, with the interconnection of activities, games, observations, conversations during walks, and excursions into nature.
Great importance given research activities children - conducting experiments and observations. During the learning process, attention is paid to using all the child’s senses, and not just hearing and vision. To do this, children were given the opportunity to touch and smell the objects around them.
Great importance was attached to the leading form of activity of preschool children - play ( didactic games environmental content). Transformation games aimed at developing empathy for animals in the child helped to develop positive emotions towards nature.
Topics of conversation on ecology:
* People are friends of nature;
* You need to be able to feel sorry;
* Amazing all around;
* Forest: to love, protect and not be afraid;
* Secrets of plants;
* Birds and animals in winter;
* Do animals have houses?
* How can we help nature;
* All living things are under our protection;
* Insects are part of nature;
* Garbage is a disease of the planet;
* Don't pollute nature!
* Our home is nature;
* Fire: friend or foe?
“Why do people plant forests?”
The forest occupies most land areas. Many forests have been destroyed by humans. However, other forests have been replanted. One fifth of our planet's landmass is covered by forests. The forest can be coniferous or deciduous. The forest performs important tasks for all life on earth. Trees absorb from the air carbon dioxide, and release oxygen. Forest cover protects the surface layer of soil from erosion and weathering. Protects rivers and lakes from shallowing. Leaves, flowers, fruits and seeds of trees serve as food for insects, birds, small mammals. The forest also gives a lot to people. It is the main source of energy (wood combustion). Forest fruits, berries, and nuts are used in cooking and medicine. They build houses from the forest, make furniture, paper, and books.
As you can see, everyone needs a forest. It is not only raw material, but also priceless beauty! Various birds, animals, and insects live in the forest. Trees, shrubs, herbs, flowers grow. Rivers and lakes flow. And all this must be protected! Nowadays, the forest is cut down and polluted. If this continues, many forests will disappear, and our planet will lose a tenth of the species of living beings. Scientists and environmentalists from all countries are trying to stop this predatory destruction of nature.
Take a look around, children. How big and beautiful world surrounds us! Trees, grass, flowers, sun! All this is nature. Man is inseparable from it. She feeds us, waters us, clothes us and makes us happy. Nature is generous and selfless. She spares us nothing, giving us her priceless gifts, but only requires one thing in return - that you and I be kind to her!!!
“Where do frogs spend the winter?”
Some people consider them harmful and unpleasant. It is not right. Frogs are defenseless and harmless. They eat mosquitoes, midges, and themselves serve as food for many animals. They should not be caught or offended. But what happens in winter, when it’s frosty outside, there’s snow all around, and the ponds are covered with ice? The most hard time for our animals it is winter with its cold weather. How to hide from them? Many birds fly south, where there is no frost. Bears sleep in their dens all winter. Well, what about frogs? When autumn comes, they look for a secluded place somewhere in a pond or swamp, huddle deep in the silt and fall asleep for the whole winter. Sometimes they even freeze and become hard, like ice. But the spring sun will warm up, melt the ice, and the frogs will also warm up, crawl out and begin their concerts.
This means that frogs are adapted to our winter, which is why it is not scary for them.
What places do frogs live in?
What do frogs eat?
How do they hunt midges?
How do frogs adapt to winter?
“Why does a tree need leaves?”
Questions to discuss with children:
How do plants breathe?
How do plants “prepare” their food?
Why are leaves called “food factories”?
Why do trees shed their leaves? How does this happen?
“Which seeds travel through water and air”
Why is the wind called a plant helper? Because he carries them all over the world, scatters them all over the earth. A seed falls on the ground and germinates. And a little green friend grows - a tree, a bush or just green grass.
But what helps the seeds fly away? The fact is that many seeds have small devices for flight. For example, dandelion seeds are equipped with small parachutes. And the seeds of some trees have wings different shapes and size. And why wings? Because the seeds of these trees fall from high altitude, and the wings help them fly away from the tree. Moreover, they fly in different ways, for example, pine and spruce seeds have very small wings, like a fly, they help the seeds rotate like helicopters, fly far in the wind and roll far on the crust.
Everyone knows maple lionfish. When they fall, they always turn over and spin, are caught by the wind and are carried far, far away.
How does a water lily reproduce? It grows in water, and therefore its seeds float on the surface of the river, like small boats. The water carries them to distant shores.
Questions to discuss with children:
How does the wind help plants?
What devices has nature come up with to spread seeds?
Why do some tree seeds have small wings?
The seeds of which plants can be called “travelers”?
“Where do water drops live in kindergarten?”
The teacher invites the children to discuss the problem - why does a person need water? Then he asks them: “Where do you think the water drops live in our kindergarten?”
After the children express their assumptions, the teacher offers to check them and take a trip around the kindergarten to do this. For this purpose, children cut out drops of water from paper. The teacher explains that with these drops the children will mark where water is used in kindergarten.
The drops are put into a box, tape and scissors are put there, and the children begin the search. The examination begins in a group room: there is water in the washbasin and in the toilet - two drops are glued to the door; There is water in the sink where dishes are washed - a drop is stuck on. Then drop by drop - into a corner of nature where plants that need watering live; on a cage with a bird; for a teapot with drinking water; on the cabinet where brushes and paints for painting are stored - they must be washed in water, etc.
Next, the journey through the kindergarten continues outside the group. Five blue drops are hung on the kitchen door (preparing food and drinking, washing vegetables, washing dishes and floors). Three drops are attached to the door of the medical office (water for washing hands and taking medicine). The same number of drops appears on laundry doors.
On the way back to the group, the children collect drops and count them. The teacher draws the children's attention to how much water is needed in kindergarten alone, and leads the children to the conclusion about the need to use water sparingly.
Questions to discuss with children:
We found out how much water is needed for life in our
kindergarten. Where else do people use water?
Do you think the Earth's water supply could run out? How are these reserves replenished?
Let's think about how you and I can learn to use water economically.
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