Since time immemorial, people have tried to explain the nature of the rainbow. Residents Ancient Rus' They believed that the multi-colored stripes in the sky were a shining rocker with the help of which Lada Perunitsa scooped up water from the sea-ocean in order to irrigate fields and fields with it. Another version was held by the American Indians, who were sure that the rainbow was a staircase leading to another world. Well, the harsh Scandinavians identified the celestial arc with the bridge on which the guardian of the gods, Heimdall, keeps watch day and night.
AiF.ru explains how it explains the formation of this natural phenomenon modern science, and also shares the secrets of how to become a rainbow guardian yourself.
Why does a rainbow appear?
To understand why a rainbow appears, you need to remember what a ray of light is. From the course school physics it is known that it consists of flying enormous speed particles - segments of an electromagnetic wave. Short and long waves differ in color, but together in a single stream they are perceived by the human eye as white light.
And only when a ray of light “collides” with a transparent barrier - a drop of water or glass - does it break up into different colors.
The shortest red electromagnetic waves have the least energy, so they deflect less than others. The longest violet waves, on the contrary, deviate more than others. Thus, most of colors of the rainbow is located between the red and purple lines.
The human eye distinguishes seven colors - red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo and violet. But it should be borne in mind that in fact, colors smoothly transition into each other through many intermediate shades.
The inner side of the white rainbow may be slightly colored purple, and the outer one is orange.
How and where does a fire rainbow appear?
Fire rainbow. Photo: www.globallookpress.com
A fire rainbow primarily appears in the area of cirrus clouds: small pieces of ice reflect the incident light and literally “light up” the clouds, coloring them in different colors.
Is it possible to see a rainbow at night?
Yes it is possible. The light of the Moon, reflected by water particles from rain or a waterfall, forms a color spectrum that is indistinguishable to the eye at night and appears white due to its peculiarities. human vision in low light conditions. This rainbow is best seen during the full moon.
Lunar rainbow. Photo: Shutterstock.com/Muskoka Stock Photos
How to make a rainbow with your own hands?
You will need: glass, water, sheet of paper.
What to do:
1. Place a faceted glass filled with water to a window where the sun shines.
2. Place a sheet of paper on the floor near the window so that the light falls on it.
3. Wet the window with hot water.
4. Change the position of the glass and sheet of paper until the rainbow becomes visible.
You will need: water hose.
What to do:
1. Take a hose with running water and lightly squeeze its “neck” so that splashes appear.
3. Look closely and see a rainbow in the splashes.
How to remember the colors of the rainbow?
There are special phrases that help you remember the sequence of colors of the rainbow. The first letter of each word corresponds to the first letter of the color of the rainbow stripe - red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet.
Every hunter wants to know where the pheasant is sitting.
How Jacques the bell-ringer once broke a lantern with his head.
The mole stroked old sweatshirts for the sheep, giraffe, and bunny.
Every designer wants to know where to download Photoshop.
Who feels the cruel ringing of the gong of resistance to fatality?
How to predict the weather using a rainbow?
If the spectrum of the rainbow is dominated by red, then you need to wait for a strong wind.
There will be rainy weather in the coming days if you see a double or triple rainbow.
A high rainbow signals that the weather will be clear, and a low rainbow indicates that it will be rainy.
If there is more green color - there will be rain, yellow - good weather, red - wind and drought.
Rainbows are rare in winter; they signal impending frost or snow.
Rainbow along the river heavy rain, and across - to clear weather.
The appearance of a rainbow on Saturday promises a rainy next week.
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Introduction page 3
Chapter 1. Natural phenomenon - rainbow page 4
Chapter 2. Getting a rainbow at home page 7
Conclusion page 8
List of sources and literature page 9
Appendix No. 1 page 10
Appendix No. 2 page 11
Appendix No. 3 page 11
Appendix No. 4 page 12
Appendix No. 5 page 12
Appendix No. 6 page 13
Appendix No. 7 page 14
Appendix No. 8 p. 15
Appendix No. 9 page 15
Introduction
A multi-colored rocker hangs across the river
(Riddle, answer - rainbow)
Every person at least once in his life admired a wonderful natural phenomenon - a rainbow.
As a rule, rainbows appear after rain.
I have seen a rainbow many times, and its appearance always delighted me. In the summer one of sunny days It started to rain: warm, lightly drizzling. After it stopped, I was the first to see a rainbow in the sky.
I wanted to know what a rainbow is and how it appears.
Purpose of the study: determine what the connection is between rain, sun and the appearance of a rainbow, and whether it is possible to get a rainbow at home.
Object of study- natural phenomenon rainbow.
Subject of study- the origin of the rainbow.
Research objectives- find answers to the following questions:
How does a rainbow appear?
Rainbows only appear in sunny weather or can it be seen at night?
Is it possible to get a rainbow at home?
Hypotheses (assumptions):
Suppose a rainbow appears only on a sunny day after rain.
Let's assume that it is impossible to see a rainbow in nature at night.
Suppose that a rainbow can be obtained by replacing the sun's rays with an artificial light source.
Basic methods: literature study, observation, experiment.
Natural phenomenon - rainbow
What is a rainbow? Why does such a colorful arc appear in the sky?
I found answers to these questions in children's encyclopedias.
On a sunny day, you can see a rainbow at any time - just take a hose and start watering the flowers in the garden. If you stand with your back to the sun, you will definitely see a rainbow that appears from the rays of the sun illuminating the splashes of water.
This is also how a real rainbow appears, only in this case the sun’s rays do not pass through small splashes of water, but through a curtain of rain that falls somewhere in the distance. A rainbow appears when we stand with our backs to the sun, and in front of us it's raining.
But it's ordinary sunlight we see as white or colorless. Why, when passing through splashes of water, do the sun's rays form a rainbow?
It turns out that light is not white at all, in fact it consists of different colors. When sunlight passes through air, we see it as white light. But as soon as a raindrop appears in the path of the sun's rays, a sunbeam, passing through this drop and refracting twice, forms a rainbow: the multi-colored rays that make up the sunbeam change their direction and deviate at unequal angles - they diverge in the form of a fan (refract). Light breaks up because shorter wavelengths, such as blue ones, bend more than longer ones, such as red ones. The scattered rays are reflected by the back side of the drops and are refracted again at the exit. These rays enter our eye separately, in the form of a bright rainbow.
A rainbow is a collection of individual raindrops that act as tiny mirrors. They first refract the sun's rays falling on them, decomposing white light into all colors, and then reflect with their own inside, making them accessible to our eyes (Appendix No. 1).
Each color of the rainbow is obtained due to the fact that different rays emerge from a refracting raindrop (prism) at different angles from each other, and we see clear, neat stripes of different colors.
The number of these colors is always 7 and they are arranged in strict sequence - each color has its own strictly assigned place.
When sunlight hits the beveled end of a mirror, the edge of a glass prism, or the surface soap bubble, then we manage to see a whole set of colors in it. In each of these cases, what happens is that the white rays split up according to their wavelengths into red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo and violet.
As a result, a strip appears before our eyes, consisting of parallel lines of different colors, and at their boundaries one color smoothly transitions into another. This strip is called a spectrum. The red line is always at one end of the spectrum, and the purple line at the other. This is determined by the difference in wavelength of rays of different colors: it increases from violet to red. Therefore, looking at a rainbow, we see that the color is always red at the top and purple at the bottom.
A rainbow is essentially a spectrum that arcs across the sky.
Many people know the phrase: “Every hunter wants to know where the pheasant sits.”
Each word of this phrase begins with a letter representing a color: every (Red) hunter (Orange) wants (Yellow) to know (Green) where the (Blue) pheasant (Purple) sits. This is how easy it is to remember the colors of the rainbow.
But is white really made up of seven colors?
To answer this question, my mother and I did the opposite experiment. If white is made up of seven colors, then seven colors must produce white.
I divided the white circle into 7 equal parts and colored it in rainbow colors. Next, we inserted a ballpoint pen through the center of the circle and secured it. Having spun the circle, we saw how the multi-colored disk “turned” into white (Appendix No. 2).
A rainbow that appears after rain or in the splashes of fountains and waterfalls is a primary rainbow. But two rainbows also occur at the same time: the second rainbow is higher than the first, but less bright and the colors in it are arranged in the opposite order (Appendix No. 3).
To see a rainbow, you need to be strictly between the sun (it should be behind you) and rain, waterfall, splashes of water (they should be in front of you).
Found in nature different kinds rainbows. A very rare natural phenomenon is a fiery rainbow, and there are rainbows without rain (Appendix No. 4).
Conclusion: A rainbow appears in sunny weather after rain or in the splashes of a waterfall when the sun's rays pass through drops of water.
I found on the Internet unique photos night rainbow. It turns out that a rainbow can be seen not only during the day in sunny weather, but also at night (Appendix No. 5).
A lunar rainbow (also known as a night rainbow) is a rainbow produced by the moon rather than the sun. A lunar rainbow is paler than a normal rainbow. This is because moonlight is less bright than sunlight. A lunar rainbow is always on the opposite side of the sky from the moon.
We are used to seeing rainbows in the summer when it rains. But you can see a rainbow in cold weather: above the glacier, above the houses (Appendix No. 6).
No two people can see the same rainbow. Light reflected from certain raindrops reflects off other raindrops from a completely different angle for each of us. This also creates a different image of the rainbow.
Since two people cannot be in the same place, they cannot see the same rainbow. Moreover, even each of our eyes sees a different rainbow
Conclusion: A rainbow can be seen at almost any time of the day, even at night in the winter cold.
Making rainbows at home
To test my assumptions, I conducted several experiments.
First experience.
Equipment: CD, light source - electric lamp.
I took a CD and caught the beam of an electric lamp. The result is a rainbow like this (Appendix No. 7). The sharper the angle, the brighter the color scheme of the rays.
Experience two.
Equipment: a basin filled with water; mirror on a stand installed in water; light source - flashlight.
Mom and I put a basin of water on the floor and lowered a mirror into it. They “caught” the flashlight’s beam with a mirror, and as a result of the refraction of the beam in the water and its reflection from the mirror, a rainbow appeared on a white sheet of paper. At the same time, the light was turned off. The result is a rainbow (Appendix No. 8).
Experience three.
Equipment: basin, soap solution, wire.
I poured water into a basin and added soap (shampoo). I rolled the wire into a ring and lowered it into a soap solution. After holding it in the solution, I carefully took the ring out of it - a film formed inside the ring. Looking under the bright light with reverse side on the soap film in the ring, I saw stripes of colors there, like a rainbow (Appendix No. 9).
Conclusion: The experiments carried out confirmed my assumptions - a rainbow can indeed be obtained at home, even with the help of artificial light.
Conclusion
The theme of rainbows interested me very much, I studied the literature and conducted experiments. All the assumptions I made were basically confirmed.
Rainbow - amazing phenomenon nature, one might say a miracle of nature that will never cease to amaze us. Now we know that you can get a rainbow at home, at any time. A “homemade” rainbow is no worse than a natural one, and it also makes your soul happier.
List of sources and literature
ABC of nature. More than 1000 questions and answers about our planet, its flora and fauna. Moscow, Reader's Digest publishing house, 1997, p. 15.
Great encyclopedia knowledge. Moscow, publishing house "EXMO", 2012, p. 113.
I explore the world: Children's encyclopedia. Physics / ed. O. G. Hinn. Moscow, Publishing House AST-LTD, 1998, p. 480.
Article on the site http://potomu.ru/world/461.html.
Site materials www.astronet.ru.
Appendix No. 1.
Appendix No. 2
Reverse experience.
Appendix No. 3
Double Rainbow.
Appendix No. 4.
Fire rainbow.
Appendix No. 5.
Night lunar rainbow.
Rainbow at night over a waterfall.
Appendix No. 6.
Rainbow in cold weather.
Rainbow over the glacier.
Appendix No. 7.
CD experience.
Appendix No. 8.
Experience with a mirror.
Appendix No. 9.
Why does a rainbow appear after rain?? After all, a rainbow is one of the most beautiful phenomena nature. For a long time, people have pondered its nature and believed that its appearance in the sky is associated with many legends and beliefs. In ancient times, people attributed the rainbow different meanings, for some it was the road between earth and heaven, for others it symbolized the gate to other world, for others, the multi-colored arc was a heavenly bridge, allowing gods and angels into our world.
But what is a rainbow really? A rainbow is an optical phenomenon observed in the atmosphere. Appears when sunlight is refracted by water droplets during fog or rain, resulting in a multi-colored arc.
Sometimes a rainbow appears not only after rain, but is also born in reflected sun rays from the water surface big rivers, lakes, sea bays. Such celestial arcs are extremely beautiful and they appear on the shores of reservoirs.
In order for the colorful stripes of the rainbow to appear, sunlight is needed. The light of the Sun consists of various colors of the spectrum - green, yellow, red, blue, violet, indigo, orange. In a rainbow we see seven colors that smoothly transform into each other and give many beautiful shades.
Multi-colored stripes appear when a ray of light in water droplets is refracted and returns to the observer at an angle of 420, and is split into several parts from red to violet.
The width and brightness of the rainbow corresponds to the size of the raindrops. The larger the drops, the brighter and narrower they will be; moreover, such a rainbow has a rich red color. If the rain is light, then the arc will be wide, but with faded dull edges of orange and yellow.
We are used to the idea that a rainbow is an arc, but in reality, an arc is only part of a rainbow. In fact, a rainbow has the shape of a circle, but we see only half of the arc, since its center is located on the same straight line with the Sun and our eyes. The entire rainbow can only be seen on high altitude- With high mountain or from an airplane.
Inverted Rainbow
An inverted rainbow is a fairly rare phenomenon. It happens under certain conditions: if at an altitude of about 7-8 kilometers there are cirrus clouds formed by ice crystals as a loose thin curtain. The light of the sun falls on these crystals at a certain angle, and breaks up into a spectrum, being reflected into the atmosphere. The colors in an inverted rainbow are in the opposite order: red is at the bottom and purple is at the top.
Misty Rainbow
A foggy rainbow, or as it is also called - white, occurs when illuminated by the sun's rays of a weak fog, which consists of tiny drops of water. It is painted in very pale faded colors, but if the drops are very small, then the whole rainbow is painted white. A misty rainbow appears on a foggy night when there is a bright moon in the sky. But this is a fairly rare atmospheric phenomenon.
Moon Rainbow
A lunar rainbow, or as it is sometimes called, a night rainbow, appears at night and is caused by the Moon. A lunar rainbow is observed when rain falls opposite the Moon, and is especially visible during a full moon, when the bright, round Moon is low in the dark night sky. It can also be seen in areas where there are waterfalls.
Fire Rainbow
A fire rainbow is an incredibly rare optical phenomenon in the atmosphere. It appears when the light of the Sun penetrates cirrus clouds above the horizon at an angle of 58 degrees. But another prerequisite for the formation of a fiery rainbow is the presence in the atmosphere of hexagonal ice crystals, which have the shape of a sheet, and their edges must certainly be parallel to the ground. The rays of the Sun, penetrating through the vertical edges of a cold ice crystal, are refracted and form a fiery rainbow or, as scientists say, a rounded horizontal arc.
winter rainbow
A winter rainbow is an extremely amazing phenomenon. It can only be seen in winter, when it is standing outside severe frost, and when the Sun shines in the light blue sky, and the air is filled with tiny ice crystals. The rays are refracted, as if penetrating through these crystals through a prism, and are reflected in the sky in a multi-colored arc.
A multi-colored rainbow can also be seen on a bright sunny day near waterfalls or fountains. In the garden, when watering plants with a hose, you can also see a rainbow; in this case, you need to clamp the hole in the hose, as if creating a mist of water, and point the hose towards the Sun
"Every Hunter Wants to Know Where the Pheasant Sits"- this phrase will help you remember the colors of the rainbow and their sequence.
The rainbow has always attracted people's attention with its incredible beauty and unusualness. But not everyone can explain what it is and where it comes from. What does a rainbow really look like? Try to describe it most interesting phenomenon to a person who has never encountered it. Will it work? Let's try it together.
What does a rainbow look like?
If you take five different colors, draw stripes in a semicircle, one after another, on the blue sky, then you get something similar to the indicated miracle.
It is described in different ways. But any observer can find similar features of the phenomenon. Firstly, it always represents a piece of an arc. IN best case scenario- half a ring, each tip of which rests on the ground. Sometimes you can only observe a piece of the arc. It depends on the position of the observer. Ancient people worshiped this phenomenon and considered it a special “sign”. Naturally, everyone had to know what a rainbow looks like so as not to miss such a heavenly “message”. And even today, to be honest, people admire this phenomenon with pleasure. They even say that this is a sign of impending good luck. The rainbow is compared to a “celestial rocker,” a bridge, a gate, and so on. It appears “out of nowhere” and does not rely on anything. You cannot touch it, you can only look at it enthusiastically. Its meaning is interpreted unambiguously - only in a positive sense. Not a single people on Earth considered this beauty to be something sinful or a bad sign. The same cannot be said about the study of this phenomenon.
From the history
The Church did not welcome attempts by scientists to delve into the processes of rainbow formation. She insisted that God creates all physical phenomena in nature. Examples of this can be found in history XVII century. Thus, the scientist Dominis, who tried to conduct such research, was excommunicated from the church and put into custody. He did not wait for the verdict of the Inquisition and died in prison. Nevertheless, his corpse was burned (as was done to heretics). The same fate awaited other inquisitive researchers. Although their train of thought was generally correct. Obviously, when discussing what a rainbow looks like and why it appears, they had to get to the basic optical laws. The Czech scientist Mark Marcia was able to draw conclusions.
The nature of white light
It happens that a person studies one small phenomenon and receives conclusions that will later be called fundamental. That is, with little experiment a revolution in science may begin. Now the famous Czech was interested in nature, examples of which he observed in Everyday life. Only he was not satisfied with the Church’s explanations regarding the divinity of their origin. He carried out simple experiments with the sun's rays. Namely, he examined the rays passing through cut glass. One day, perhaps by accident, a piece that vaguely resembled a prism fell into his hands. He sent a thin beam through her dark room. His surprise knew no bounds. One ray entered a piece of glass, but five came out, all multicolored! This was how the complex structure was experimentally proven. Later it was theoretically substantiated by Newton.
What happens in a prism and how is this related to the appearance of a rainbow?
When a white ray enters another medium, it is refracted. Since it consists of different waves, each of them behaves differently. This cannot be seen when passing through flat surfaces. But in a prism that resembles a pyramid, white light is decomposed into a spectrum. That is, a wave of a certain color is refracted in its own way. The output is no longer a white beam, but a rainbow stripe. Now remember that the phenomenon under study appears during rain. The sun's rays pass through the droplets, each of which resembles a prism, and are divided into a spectrum. And the viewer sees a rainbow in the sky. It looks like it was painted in the air. The magic of this phenomenon is unlikely to disappear, even if the mechanism of its occurrence is fully understood.
What are the colors of the rainbow?
Not everyone perceives this phenomenon in the same way. It depends on specific conditions, even the characteristics of the human retina. But that doesn't mean rainbows appear in different ways. No, they're all the same, it's just that sometimes certain colors are less noticeable. Sometimes the phenomenon itself looks pale, and sometimes it looks very bright. After reviewing the theory, we can say with precision what colors the rainbow should have. Red comes first. Orange appears next. They can merge into one strip for a person with low retinal sensitivity. Then yellow and green color. Next - blue and blue. They can also be perceived by a single arc strip. It ends in purple. Such a “perfect” rainbow is rarely seen. Only in laboratory conditions. There is even a rhyme for children to remember the colors of the rainbow. Here it is: “Every hunter wants to know where the pheasant sits.” The first letters of the words are similar to the name of the color that makes up this magnificent natural phenomenon.
Is it possible to see a rainbow without rain?
If you understand how it is formed, the question will seem very strange. In order to create a rainbow, two conditions are needed: sunlight and drops of water splashed in the air (on the surface of plants). When does this happen? A beautiful rainbow (photo) can form in a waterfall or fountain jets. In this case, all conditions are met. It is important to consider here that a rainbow can be seen when the observer stands between the water “suspension” and the sun. So, if possible, wander around the fountain on a fine day. You will definitely find such an angle when this magnificent phenomenon appears in the air. It also sometimes occurs in strong surf, when the waves break up into a lot of splashes. If the sun is shining brightly, you can see multi-colored stripes in the air.
View from heaven
We must understand that basic natural phenomena have their own patterns. If we talk about rainbows, they have been sufficiently studied. So, people were wondering why it looks like a piece of a circle? It turns out that it depends on the point from which you observe it. The rays of the sun, refracted, fall into a person’s eyes. They are all straight. If you draw them on a piece of paper, you will get exactly an arc. And if you look at it from above, it will look like a rainbow ring. It is quite rare to see several “sky bridges”. They occur when sunlight is refracted more than once into droplets. Cases of two, three, and five rainbows appearing in the sky at once are described. A magnificent sight!
A different perception of the rainbow
The scientific basis for the phenomenon is boring. It is incomparable with the sensations experienced by the viewer. Sometimes it’s even a pity that everything is explained in such detail by science. including this “sign of heaven,” fill the audience with a feeling of incredible joy, an extraordinary miracle. It is even described in Holy Scripture. This was a sign from the Lord to the long-suffering righteous man. When Noah, fleeing the flood, swam in stormy waters without hope, but with deep faith in his soul, a sign was given to him. It was a rainbow that appeared in the sky after a rainstorm that lasted forty days. Noah realized that he was saved. It was from that time that the multi-colored arc began to be considered a good omen, a sign from the Almighty. They say that she appears only good, righteous people. Have you seen a rainbow yourself?
How often do we see a rainbow after rain? This colorful spectacle leaves no one indifferent! But when I saw a rainbow in the spray of the fountain, and then on the wall diagonally from the mirror, I wondered what was the reason for its appearance, if not rain or water? Having turned to the teacher for help, I learned that the cause of the rainbow is the phenomenon of dispersion, I found out who studied it for the first time, and I understood what it is.
Rainbow is one of the most beautiful natural phenomena, which rarely leaves anyone indifferent. Once upon a time people considered rainbows God's sign. And this is not surprising, because she appears literally out of nowhere, and also mysteriously disappears.
What do we know about the rainbow?
The colors of the rainbow are always arranged in the same order from top to bottom: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo and violet (remember from childhood the reminder of the order of colors in the rainbow - Every Hunter Wants to Know Where the Pheasant Sits or How Jean the Beller Once Broke the Blue Flashlight?).
The brightest stripe is red. Every next color paler than the previous one. Violet is generally difficult to distinguish against the sky.
What are the components of a rainbow? These are water droplets in the air, sun rays and an observer who sees a rainbow. In this case, a whole ritual must be observed: not only does the sun illuminate the rain, it must be low above the horizon, and the observer must stand between the rain and the sun - with his back to the sun, facing the rain. At this moment he sees a rainbow. How does this happen?
A sunbeam illuminates a raindrop. Penetrating inside the drop, the beam is slightly refracted. As you know, rays of different colors are refracted differently, that is, inside the drop the ray white breaks down into its component colors. This is a dispersion phenomenon. Having passed through the drop, the light is reflected from its wall, like from a mirror. Reflected colored rays go in the opposite direction, refracting even more. The entire rainbow spectrum leaves the drop from the same side from which the sun's ray entered it.
Light from the sun penetrated the drop from the observer's side. Now this ray, decomposed into a color spectrum, returns to it. A person sees a huge colored rainbow spread across the entire sky - light refracted and reflected by billions of raindrops.
Double Rainbow
It's rare to see two rainbows in the sky at the same time. As a rule, the second rainbow is less visible, sometimes barely noticeable. The colors in such a rainbow are inverted, that is, purple comes first. Its appearance is explained by the repeated reflection of light rays inside the drop.
We can also see the phenomenon of a rainbow when light is refracted by droplets of fog or evaporation from the surface of the sea, and in the city - near a fountain.
Experience
Rainbows can also be observed using a drop of water.
Place a drop of water on a stick or blade of grass. Stand with your back to the Sun or other bright source of light. When the rays of light form an angle of about 42 degrees with the direction of the eye - the drop, the transparent drop suddenly flashes with an extremely pure color in tone!
Which one?
Anyone!
If you carefully move the drop along a circular arc, you can see all the colors of the rainbow!
Dispersion phenomenon- decomposition of white light into a spectrum (according to the colors of the rainbow) - was discovered and studied by I. Newton. This phenomenon indicates the complex composition of white light. I went to the Science Museum in London for a performance dedicated to Sir Isaac Newton. Plunging into the atmosphere of the 17th century, “visiting” a scientist’s laboratory recreated (even if on stage), I felt like a natural scientist.
Take a look at the Science Museum and learn more about the discoveries made by Newton by clicking on the links below.
Task
Answer
: It turns out that a rainbow is visible only when the sun’s height above the horizon does not exceed 42 degrees. On June 22 at noon the sun is higher in the sky and there is no way to see a rainbow.
Let's look at an experiment that explains the phenomenon of dispersion and complex composition white light.
Wave properties of light. Dispersion.
Interesting fact
From the surface of the earth, a rainbow usually looks like part of a circle, but from an airplane it can look like a whole circle!
Interesting optical physical phenomena: http://class-fizika.narod.ru/w25.htm
You can get acquainted with some optical phenomena by following the link to one of our pages school encyclopedia in mathematics and physics "Algorithm for success".
Conclusion
The phenomenon of light dispersion, which explains the causes of the rainbow, allowed me to understand why white light paints the world around us with colorful colors. We see some transparent objects as red, others as iridescent different colors. And all thanks to the complex nature of white light, due to the fact that bodies reflect, refract and absorb light of different wavelengths in different ways. That’s why an ordinary fragment shines and shimmers in the sun’s rays clear glass and a diamond.
Thus, we have proven that we see a rainbow thanks to the special properties of light waves, and it has its own, interesting explanation, like many other optical phenomena in nature.
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