To someone who has not thought much about the structure of the RF Armed Forces, the army may seem like a banal set of employees who are distributed among different troops, however, this is far from the case. The army is a separate formation capable of working in different conditions, based on the current foreign policy situation.
Sometimes the Supreme Court helps resolve matters of domestic importance. For proper operation in any situation, there must be a service dealing with logistics issues (in short, MTO). It is responsible for organizing the receipt and expenditure of money that is allocated to keep units on combat readiness.
As part of their MTO activities, troops solve the following tasks:
- plan the expenditure of money on the state defense order, the functioning of state programs and other purposes;
- check the equipment with weapons, equipment, equipment and other means;
- control the receipt of food by soldiers and organize its delivery;
- resolve issues regarding supply;
- ensure the operation of their services;
- reservists are being trained.
Composition of the logistics service
Back in the time of Peter I, a quartermaster management body was organized, which managed the military economy, and became a kind of model of today's logistics. Currently, this structure covers every activity in the RF Armed Forces.
Management is organized at the headquarters. Mobilization and logistics training, data collection, troop support, security and defense are carried out here. This includes the department for transport provision, regulation of railway troops, housing and communal services, food supply and coordination of metrology.
Certain troops are assigned to these departments and carry out diverse tasks. Automotive troops are independent units; they transport both materials and employees, the wounded, and the like. In the army there are brigades and battalions that report to the head of the transport department.
If it were not for the road troops, the transport links known today would not exist. They are engaged in the construction, maintenance and restoration of military roads. These troops have complex structure, but are subordinate to the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation.
The goals and objectives of the railway troops are to build and restore communication routes on railway, in its cover and exploitation. Few people know that there are also pipeline troops. They transport fuel and lubricants to warehouses or HF. In addition to personnel, the department owns construction equipment and weapons.
The clothing service deals with the employee's belongings, while repair work and dry cleaning are carried out, baths are provided, and hygiene products are purchased. There are armies without their own economy, then large units do this.
The task of the food supply service is to provide food for personnel. She has the appropriate technical equipment, since when organizing catering you need to supply it in parts.
Important importance is also given to issues of medical care resolved by the Medical Service of the RF Armed Forces. Here they not only provide necessary help, but also carry out prevention.
Assignment of MTO troops
Considering the goals and objectives of the formation, it becomes clear why such complex unit, like MTO.
The main tasks of the RF Armed Forces service include the following:
- supply of weapons to maintain the country's defense capabilities;
- delivery of fuel and lubricants to maintain combat readiness and military equipment;
- providing the employee with all necessary equipment;
- nutrition;
- laundry and hygiene procedures;
- construction and maintenance of automobile and railway roads, pipelines;
- maintenance, repair, provision of housing and public utilities services to buildings and premises;
- personnel training.
In the management of logistics and logistics, as in general, the principle of unity of command operates in the army, therefore, the central authority in the management is the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, and direct leadership is entrusted to one of the deputy ministers. Further powers are transferred to the commanders-in-chief, heads of departments and departments.
The regiment appears. The size of its composition depends on the type of troops, and its full complement of personnel is one of the factors in ensuring the combat effectiveness of the army. The regiment consists of smaller structural units. Let's find out what a company, regiment, battalion is, the number of these units by main branches of the military. We will pay special attention to the configuration artillery regiment.
What is a regiment?
First of all, let's find out. We'll find out the number of personnel in the various branches of the military in this unit later.
Regiment is combat unit, which is often commanded by an officer with the rank of colonel, although there are exceptions. Russian Federation the regiment is the main tactical unit on the basis of which it is formed
The regiment includes smaller structural units - battalions. The regiment itself can either be part of a formation or be a separate combat force. It is the regimental command that in most cases makes tactical decisions during a large-scale battle. Although quite often shelves are used as completely separate and independent units.
Number of members
Now let's find out the number of military personnel in the regiment, taking as a basis the composition of the rifle regiment as the most typical. This military unit usually contains from 2000 to 3000 soldiers. Moreover, approximately this number is observed in almost all (except perhaps artillery and some other types of troops) and even in law enforcement agencies. A similar number of military personnel, for example, has an infantry regiment, the number of soldiers in which also ranges from two to three thousand people. Although there are exceptions, the minimum number of military personnel in a regiment in any case cannot be less than 500 people.
Typical rifle regiment consists of a headquarters where the main decisions are made, three motorized rifle battalions, communications company, tank battalion. This unit should also include anti-aircraft division, reconnaissance company, anti-tank battery, communications company, engineer company, repair company, chemical, biological and radiation protection company. IN Lately increasingly important functions are performed by the company, although in Soviet time this unit was also very significant. The regiment's composition is supplemented by auxiliary units: a commandant platoon, a medical company and an orchestra. But they are additional only conditionally, since, for example, a medical company performs functions that are much more important, so to speak, than other units. After all, the lives of other soldiers depend on the soldiers of this structural unit.
A typical regiment has approximately this structure. You can see photos of the fighters of this formation above.
Battalion composition
Typically, two to four battalions form a regiment. We will now consider the number of servicemen in the battalion.
The battalion is considered the main tactical unit of ground forces. The range of personnel in this unit generally ranges from 400 to 800 people. It includes several platoons, as well as individual companies.
If we consider artillery, then combat unit, which corresponds to a battalion, is called a division.
As a rule, a battalion is commanded by a soldier with the rank of major. Although, of course, there are exceptions. They can be found especially often during combat operations, when an acute shortage of personnel officers may arise in the armed forces of a country or a separate unit.
Let's look at the structure of a battalion using an example. As a rule, the backbone of this structural unit is three motorized rifle companies. In addition, the battalion includes a mortar battery, a grenade launcher platoon, an anti-tank platoon, and a control platoon. Additional, but no less important units are material and technical support platoons, as well as a medical center.
Company size
Rota - this smaller one structural subdivision, part of the battalion. As a rule, it is commanded by a captain, and in some cases a major.
The size of a battalion company varies greatly depending on the specific type of troops. Most of the soldiers are in the companies of construction battalions. There their number reaches 250 people. IN motorized rifle units it varies from 60 to 101 military personnel. Slightly fewer personnel in airborne troops. The number of army personnel here does not exceed 80 people. But the least number of soldiers in tank companies. There are only 31 to 41 military personnel there. In general, depending on the type of troops and the specific state, the number of military personnel in a company can vary from 18 to 280 people.
In addition, in some branches of the military there is no such unit as a company, but at the same time there are analogues. For cavalry this is a squadron, which includes about a hundred people, for artillery - a battery, for border troops - an outpost, for aviation - a link.
The company consists of command personnel and several platoons. Also, a company may include special squads that are not part of platoons.
Smaller units
A platoon consists of several sections, and the number of its personnel varies from 9 to 50 people. As a rule, the platoon commander is a soldier with the rank of lieutenant.
The smallest permanent unit in the army is the squad. The number of military personnel in it ranges from three to sixteen people. In most cases, a soldier with the rank of sergeant or senior sergeant is appointed as the squad commander.
Number of artillery regiments
The time has come to take a closer look at what an artillery regiment is, the number of personnel in this unit and some other parameters.
An artillery regiment is a structural unit of such troops as artillery. Typically it comes in as component to an artillery division, consisting of three or four units.
The size of an artillery regiment is smaller than the corresponding unit in other branches of the military. This indicator depends on how many divisions are included in the regiment. With three divisions, its strength ranges from 1000 to 1200 people. If there are four divisions, then the number of military personnel reaches 1,500 soldiers.
Artillery regiment structure
Like any other military unit, the artillery regiment has its own structure. Let's study it.
The structural elements of an artillery regiment are divided into three main groups: control, rear and combat support, as well as the main striking force itself - linear units.
It is these elements that make up an artillery regiment. A photo of the regiment structure is located above.
Regimental control composition
In turn, the regiment's management is divided into the following elements: command, headquarters, technical unit and rear.
The command includes the regiment commander (most often with the rank of colonel or lieutenant colonel), his deputy, the chief for physical training and the assistant commander for educational work. Last position in Soviet times, this corresponded to the post of political officer.
The headquarters unit includes the chief of staff, his deputy, as well as the chiefs of intelligence, topographic service, communications, secret unit, computer department and a combat assistant.
In the rear part of the regiment's command and control there are the deputy commander for logistics, the chiefs of food, clothing, fuels and lubricants and clothing services.
IN technical part The regiment's management includes the deputy for armament, the chiefs of the armored, automobile and missile and artillery services.
In addition, the heads of financial, chemical and medical services report directly to the regiment commander.
Composition of the logistics and combat support unit
The logistics and combat support unit is divided into the following structural elements: medical center, club, repair company, company material support, battery and control battery.
This unit is commanded by the deputy commander of the regiment for rear affairs, who himself is part of the administrative part of the regiment, as mentioned above.
Composition of linear units
It is the linear units that are entrusted with the main function of the existence of an artillery regiment, since they fire directly at the enemy from guns.
The regiment consists of four linear divisions: self-propelled, mixed, howitzer and jet. Sometimes there may be no mixed division. In this case, three units remain the backbone of the regiment.
Each division is divided, as a rule, into three batteries, which, in turn, consist of three to four platoons.
Number and structure of the division
As mentioned above, three or four regiments form an artillery division. The number of personnel in such a unit reaches six thousand people. As a rule, the command of a division is entrusted to a soldier with the rank of major general, but there have been cases when these units were commanded by colonels and even lieutenant colonels.
Two divisions form the largest unit in the artillery - the corps. The number of military personnel in artillery corps can reach 12,000 people. Such a unit is often commanded by a lieutenant general.
General principles for forming the number of units
We studied the size of a division, regiment, company, battalion, division and smaller structural units of various branches of the military, with an emphasis on artillery. As you can see, the number of military personnel in similar units in different troops can vary significantly. This is due to the direct purpose of the various branches of the armed forces. The basis is the most optimal number of military personnel to perform specific tasks. Each indicator is not only the product of strict scientific calculations, but also the experience of conducting combat operations in practice. That is, each figure is based on the shed blood of the fighters.
Thus, we see that in the army there are both very small units in terms of personnel, in which the number of military personnel can be equal to even three people, and the largest units, where total numbered in tens of thousands of military personnel. At the same time, it is also necessary to take into account that in foreign countries the number of similar units may differ significantly from domestic options.
Like everything in this world, the science of warfare is progressing, new technologies and even new types of troops are appearing. For example, in Russia not long ago the Aerospace Forces appeared, which are a product of evolution and development Air Force. With the advent of new types of troops and changes in forms of warfare, it is certainly possible to adjust the number of personnel in units taking into account new conditions.
To those with a superficial understanding of the structure of the armed forces, the army appears to be a trivial collection of military personnel distributed by branch of service. In fact, it is a separate institution that functions in different modes, depending on the foreign policy situation. Internal affairs of national importance are often resolved through the involvement of armed forces. To ensure such uninterrupted functioning, a service is needed that would deal with issues of the state of the material and technical base, not only in wartime, but also in peacetime.
The logistics service (MTO), being integral part of the armed forces of the Russian Federation, organizes the regulation of receipts and expenditures of funds necessary to maintain the constant combat readiness of all units.
It is possible to classify the tasks that are solved by the material and technical support of the RF Armed Forces, dividing them according to the principle of homogeneity:
- Planning budget expenditures for the implementation of state defense orders, work government programs and other target areas.
- Monitoring the equipment of all units with weapons, equipment, equipment, and material resources.
- Monitoring compliance with food standards for soldiers, as well as organizing product supplies.
- Solving legal issues regarding the supply of funds.
- Ensuring the activities of our own services.
- Preparation of internal personnel reserves for the functioning of the logistics service.
Composition of the logistics service
The prototype of the modern logistics service is the quartermaster department formed by Peter I, which carried out military management. The modern structure is represented by a number of departments and directorates that cover all types of activities in the armed forces.
The logistics headquarters of the RF Armed Forces is entrusted with organizational and management functions. His responsibilities include ensuring mobilization preparation, rear readiness, collecting operational information in the rear, logistics support for troops, and resolving issues of security and defense of the rear. The MTO also includes the department of transport support, the management of railway troops, the management utilities, Department of Food Supply and Metrology Department.
The listed departments are assigned to certain types of troops that ensure the implementation of planned and unscheduled tasks of the armed forces. Automobile troops are presented in the form of independent units dealing with transportation issues, this can be the supply of construction materials, transportation of military personnel, evacuation, transportation of the wounded. IN Russian army brigades, regiments and battalion automobile troops were formed, reporting directly to the head of the transport support department.
Transport communications would not exist in full if not for the activities of the road troops. Their task is to build, maintain, cover and restore military roads. Some tasks of road transport support are also within their competence. The structure of the troops is quite complex, since they include different units, but they are all subordinate to the head of the road department under the Ministry of Defense.
Railway troops provide construction or restoration work railway tracks, their technical cover and operation. Few people know about the existence of pipeline troops. These divisions carry out the transportation of fuels and lubricants to warehouses for storage, pumping or delivery to units. Their department has not only personnel, but also relevant construction equipment. The total length of all pipeline branches is 2,000 kilometers.
As a separate logistics service, the clothing service is allocated, which is responsible for bringing the personal clothing property of a serviceman back to normal. For this purpose, repairs are carried out, dry cleaning is carried out, detergents and hygiene products are purchased, and bath services are organized for soldiers. There are units in the Russian army that do not run their own farms. In this case, they are supported by other, larger units.
The food service, as an integral part of logistics, provides personnel with food. For this purpose, food supply to units, food rationing, and control are organized. This service is technically equipped, because supplies must be carried out to all army units.
The fuel and lubricants supply service includes associations involved in the transportation of rocket fuel, lubricants, special liquids, and fuel. This also includes storage areas, bases, and pipelines.
Support for the combat effectiveness of the army will be complete only with proper medical care, which is implemented by the Medical Service of the RF Armed Forces. The functionality of the medical service includes not only providing assistance, but also carrying out preventive measures. The service reports to the Main Medical Directorate of the Moscow Region.
Priority tasks
Taking into account the presented structure, as well as the grouped tasks, we present specific examples, explaining why it is necessary to contain such complex education, as a logistics service. To do this, it is enough to remember what the army faces in the rear, what work has to be done to maintain the combat effectiveness of units and organize the life activities of military personnel.
- The supply of weapons is carried out to directly ensure the defense capability of the state.
- Fuel delivery is carried out in order to maintain the combat readiness of all military equipment.
- Serviceman's equipment, clothing and equipment.
- Meals for soldiers and officers.
- Bath and laundry procedures.
- Construction and maintenance of roads, railways and pipelines.
- Maintenance of buildings, repairs of premises, maintenance of public utilities.
- Training of own personnel. There are no courses or short-term programs for training personnel in the logistics service staff. Consequently, you have to deal with preparation issues yourself.
The army principle of unity of command is also implemented in logistics management. It was mentioned above about the components of the entire structure, which were represented by departments. But according to the vertical chain of command, the entire service is located within the Ministry of Defense. Direct supervision is exercised by one of the Deputy Ministers. Further powers are distributed among the commanders-in-chief of the troops, with subsequent transfer to the heads of departments and directorates.
Tasks and organizational structure RAV regiment services. Subordinate units.
Sl.RAV is intended for timely and complete provision of units and units with missiles, armored vehicles and weapons of all types, as well as maintaining them in constant combat readiness for combat use.
Basic RAV service tasks:
1. Timely. provided other and parts cancer., b/p, military. and v.t..
2. Organization of reception and delivery of cancer. and b/p, delivery, accumulation in mouth. sizes.
3. Control over the content of all types of crayfish, b.p. and military..
4. Developed proposals for the use of art. warehouses and repairs other...
5. Organization of technical osm., rem. and evacuation, regulations. work with rockets.
6. Accounting, presence and further details of all cancers., Voor. and b/p, counting on them.
7. Providing spare parts and maintenance documentation.
8. Participation in the spread of cancer. and b/p according to other and combat tasks.
9. Organizing the collection and evacuation of spent cartridges and used ammunition.
10. Study of all the shortcomings, analysis of data on the action of cancer., b/p, military..
11. Generalization of work experience, use of forces and means of the RAV service.
Organization of the RAV regiment service:
Head of RAV SME (TP) service:
regiment. art. warehouse from RMO
repair platoon Voor. from the repair company
assistant chief sl. RAV, up to 2 pcs.
military repair technician up to 3 pcs.
support platoon commander. up to 3 pieces
Organization of RAV division service. Material assets managed by the service.
Organization Sl. RAV divisions:
1 chief of RAV division service
1.1 divisional art. DAS warehouse from OBMO;
1.2 weapons repair company from the Special Operations Bureau;
1.3 senior assistant for operation and repair;
1.4 engineer SL RAV
1.5 control point assistant
1.6 assistant for ammunition, cartridges and capping.
IN general view Sl. RAV consists of 3. parts: 1)service apparatus; 2) a unit containing inventories of material assets; 3) repair units.
Material assets under control.
These include:
· Missile weapons(missiles, launchers, handling equipment);
· Art. Weapons (art. Weapons and mortars, tanks, infantry fighting vehicles, armored personnel carriers, MLRS, etc.)
· Ammunition (grenades, caps, gunpowder, shots, shells);
· Rocket art. property (spare parts, tents, documentation, materials);
· Mobile equipment Maintenance and repair (mobile repair equipment, inspection machines).
Purpose and organizational structure of the regiment's capabilities. Possibilities for transportation of bulk goods.
Material support company(RMO) is intended to maintain the regimental stock of materiel and transport them to units.
Empty transport (if available) is used to evacuate the wounded and damaged weapons, cappings and cartridges.
RMO organizationally consists of:
· Automotive platoon for supplying military equipment (Total 19 people, transport under military equipment: 1) URAL-375-10 pcs.; 2) trailers 2-P-5.5-11 pcs.
· Automotive fuel supply platoon (27 people in total, fuel transport: 1) URAL-375-2 pcs.; 2) ATMZ tanker; 3)URAL-4320-1 piece; 4)Tank truck AC-10-23 pcs.)
Automobile platoon for the supply of food, clothing, and military-technical equipment (Total 17 people, transport: 1) ZIL-131-6 pcs. (for cont.); 2)U-375-6pcs. (VTI); 3) PAZ bus; 4) AFK-66 van; 5)ZIL-130-2 pcs. (for things); 6) Water tanks - 2 pcs.; 7)Car trailers - 5 pcs.
· Household platoon (Total 9 people):
a) Clothes repair shop;
b) Field bath: (1) ZIL-131-1 pcs.; 2) DDA-66-1 pcs.; 3) Trailer - 1 pc.)
This organization logistics support is typical for motorized rifle regiment. The difference between the day of tank and artillery regiments is that in platoons different quantity personnel and road transport.
The maximum total carrying capacity of RMO transport by B/P is up to 100-110 tons; for fuel - 90 tons. The company is subordinate to the deputy regiment commander for rear.
At the base of the company, they deploy in battle regimental warehouses: artillery weapons and military equipment, fuel, food, clothing, armored vehicles, automobiles, military-technical equipment (communications, chemical and engineering).
Purpose and organizational structure of the division's main military organization. Ammunition transportation capabilities.
The OMO serves to timely and completely provide division units with all necessary supplies of materiel (ZMS) and carries out the following activities:
Delivery of ZMS to division units;
Issuance of materials and dispatch of transport;
Refueling equipment with fuel;
Baking bread and providing it to division units;
Washing of unit personnel and dry cleaning of uniforms;
Repair of clothing and footwear;
Evacuation of the wounded and sick from units as intended, as well as weapons and equipment, etc. funds;
Acceptance of surplus weapons, equipment and trophies from units that require repair, checking them, sorting them and sending them to their intended destination.
Capabilities for transporting ammunition for MSD (TD):
1st Automotive Ammunition Delivery Company
Car URAL-375N(4320) 65 (67)
Truck crane 5-6, 3t 1 (1)
Car trailers 2PN-4M 52 (57)
Total lifting capacity (t) 470 (490)
2nd Automotive Ammunition Delivery Company
Car URAL-375N(4320) 56 (58)
Car URAL-375N for shelving 9137 9 (9)
Truck crane 1 (1)
Car trailers 2PN-4M 27 (29)
Total lifting capacity (t) 375 (390)
The regiment commander carries out the management of logistics personally through the headquarters, deputy for logistics and service chiefs. To solve logistics support problems, the regiment has the following services (Fig. 55).
1. Fuel supply service;
2. Food service;
3. Clothing service;
4. Medical service;
5. Apartment maintenance service;
6. Financial service.
The regiment's logistics support units include:
1. Material support company (rmo ) consisting of:
Ammunition supply platoon (URAL-4320 - 11 pieces; ZIL-131 - 6 pieces; GAZ-66 - 1 piece; UAZ-469 - 5 pieces; PAZ-672 - 1 piece);
Platoon for the supply of fuels and lubricants (URAL-4320 ATs-55 - 9 pieces; URAL-4320-ATMZ - 6 pieces; URAL-4320 - 4 pieces);
Branch Maintenance(MTO-AT - 1 piece);
Economic platoon (KP-125 - 6 pieces);
Warehouses (missile and artillery weapons, automobile, military-technical equipment, food, clothing, fuel and lubricants).
2. Regimental medical station (MPP) (GAZ-66 - 2 units).
The placement, work and movement of rear units is carried out within the regiment's position area. Rear units are controlled from the TPU (rear control point).
Material reserves, the procedure for their expenditure and replenishment
For the uninterrupted supply of regiment units with material resources, military reserves are created and constantly maintained in established sizes, which are divided into consumables and emergency reserves.
Material reserves are calculated for registered personnel, standard equipment and weapons (Fig. 56).
The need and provision of troops with material resources is determined in calculation and supply units, and, if necessary, in pieces, weight and volume units.
The accounting and supply units are:
a) for wheeled vehicles - the amount of fuel that provides a power reserve of set distance(500 km);
b) for tracked vehicles - the amount of fuel that is filled into the fuel tanks;
c) for power units - the amount of fuel required to operate the engine for 50 hours.
2. Sutodacha- the amount of food required according to established standards to feed one military personnel per day.
3. Emergency reserve:
a) part of the military reserves of material resources, which is spent in special cases with the permission of the senior commander (chief);
b) a stock of material resources intended to support military formations during mobilization.
4. Minimum stock(missiles, ammunition, etc.) - the minimum level of supply that should not decrease during the battle. Installed by the commander in ammunition kits or pieces.
5. Ammunition- a set number of missiles (ammunition) per unit of weapon (BM, machine gun, pistol, etc.).
Spent supplies of material resources must always be replenished to the established standards. They are usually transported by regiment transport. IN in some cases, by order of the regiment commander, by battery transport.
Military reserves are contained in the transport of the regiment and units, in combat and other vehicles, in weapons and personnel.
To carry out logistics support activities, a maintenance station is created in the air defense unit, the work of which is headed by a battery sergeant major.
Let's consider some features of the organization of logistics support in an anti-aircraft missile battery.
Refueling of combat vehicles with fuel and lubricants carried out: on the march - in areas of halts, rest and upon arrival at the designated area. When conducting combat operations, the battery can be supplied with a tanker with diesel fuel(ATMZ). Fuel consumption accounting, preparation of reporting documents ( waybills, distribution sheets) is usually assigned to the head of the technical maintenance department.
Food is stored and transported in protected containers, dry rations are kept by personnel (on combat vehicles). Control over the availability of NZ food is assigned to the heads of calculations.
Meals for personnel are organized through the PCB (household supply point), for which a cook from the economic platoon of the material support company is allocated to the battery sergeant-major and assigned field kitchen KP-125. Meals for personnel with hot food are organized, as a rule, 3 times a day, and if three meals a day are not possible, with the permission of the regiment commander, 2 times a day, but at the same time part daily norm issued to personnel in dry rations.
The release of clothing property is carried out according to the supply standards for payroll personnel seasonally, as well as to replace worn-out, lost in battle or contaminated property. Each serviceman bears personal responsibility for the safety of the property allocated to him.
Personnel are washed weekly with a mandatory change of underwear. Handing over laundry for washing and receiving clean linen is the responsibility of the battery foreman.
To meet the needs of personnel for household services, a utility room is equipped at the battery location, which contains: ironing boards, irons, shoemaking tools, threads, scissors, accessories, etc.
The supply of water to the starting positions is organized by the battery foreman from the water supply points. It is prohibited to use unequipped water sources. For example, during combat operations in Afghanistan as drinking water often used mineral water, delivered through stores in the military trade network.
In exceptional cases, panthocide, which is included in individual first aid kits, can be used to disinfect water.
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