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Solstice is one of two days a year when the height of the sun above the horizon at noon is minimum or maximum. There are two solstices in the year - winter and summer. In a day winter solstice the sun rises to its lowest height above the horizon. Astronomical longitude of the sun on the day of winter and summer solstice is 90 and 270 degrees respectively.
For astronomers, this is the beginning of winter, although optimists quite reasonably believe that since the winter solstice everyone is slowly but surely approaching summer. Winter In the northern hemisphere, the winter solstice occurs on December 21 or 22, and is when the shortest day and longest night occur. The moment of the solstice shifts every year, as the duration solar year does not match calendar time. Since prehistoric times, the winter solstice has been celebrated as an extreme an important event. Many cultures celebrated the birth of the Sun and the New Year on this day.
IN different countries Ancient people, who were in close contact with nature, were convinced that on the day of the winter solstice you could radically change your destiny and fulfill many cherished desires and even get support higher powers. People believed that on the day of the winter solstice, barriers between the ghostly world and the kingdom of the living were erased, giving people the opportunity to directly communicate with spirits and gods. In Persia, on this day the birth of Mithra, the sun god, was celebrated. According to tradition, it annually defeats winter and clears the way for the coming spring. For pagan Europe, the winter solstice was marked by a twelve-day cycle of sacred Yule celebrations, a symbol of the sacrament of renewal of nature and the beginning of a new life. Christmas Market in Östersund It was believed that on the night of Yule, all worlds converge in Midgard, all the gods and goddesses descend to earth, trolls and elves talk to people, and the dead emerge from the Lower Worlds. People who communicate with the Other World leave their bodies and temporarily join the riders Wild Hunt or become werewolves or other spirits. Residents ancient China It was believed that it was from the beginning of this period that the male power of nature grew stronger and gave rise to a new cycle. The winter solstice was a worthy celebration, because it was considered a happy, successful day. Everyone, from the commoner to the emperor, relaxed and had fun on this day, gave each other gifts, went to visit, and set large tables laden with various dishes. An important role on this special day was given to sacrifices to the ancestors and the god of Heaven; appropriate ceremonies and rituals were carried out in order to protect oneself from diseases and evil spirits. Winter Solstice Day is still one of the Chinese traditional holidays.
Hindus call the winter solstice Sankranti. The holiday was celebrated in both Sikh and Hindu communities, where at night, on the eve of the festival, bonfires were lit, the flames of which resembled the rays of the Sun that warm the earth after cold winter. This day has been considered a holiday among the Slavs since ancient times. In pre-Christian Rus', the arrival of the pagan new year was celebrated at the winter solstice. He was associated with the birth of Dazhdbog - the son of the supreme blacksmith god Svarog - who gives people warmth and light. People believed that the Sun was stopped on this day by the formidable frost god Karachun, who became the prototype of the present-day Santa Claus. The rituals performed on the longest night were designed to help the Sun overcome the cruel Karachun, personifying the victory of Light over Darkness. At the same time, fearing to anger and offend the harsh god of winter, people appeased him, not forgetting to present sacrificial food.
The birth of the god of fun Kolyada also occurred on the day of the winter solstice. The holiday of the beginning of the first month of winter - Kolyadnya - was celebrated until January 6, traditionally calling these days “Carols”. The pie that was baked on this day resembled the same Sun in shape. A huge fire was lit, the flames of which, flying high, called on the sun to begin its work. In Scotland, there was a tradition of launching a burning wheel, symbolizing the solstice. The barrel was generously coated with resin, set on fire and launched down the slide, with rotating movements reminiscent of a fiery luminary. Traditions and rituals Celebrating the winter solstice in traditions different nations has a lot in common. The central place has always been given to the customs of remembrance, attempts to win the favor of the forces that visited the world on the darkest night.
Many of the rituals of antiquity have come down to today. Eg, Christmas tree became the “heiress” of the decorated tree, symbolizing life - the main attribute of Yule. The tradition of giving gifts, carols and food on Christmas Day reflects the ceremonies of sacrifice. And New Year's lights and candles now represent bonfires, which were intended to both protect and help in communicating with spirits and mysterious forces.
The material was prepared on the basis of open sources.
The spring and autumn equinoxes are astronomical events in which day equals night and mark the change of seasons. We know that the spring and autumn equinoxes occur at the moment when our Sun, in its annual movement along the ecliptic, crosses the celestial equator. These points are respectively located in the constellations Pisces and Virgo. Day spring equinox- this is the beginning of astronomical spring.
On the days of the solstices, our daylight reaches the extreme points of its annual path across the sky - in summer it deviates 23.4 degrees north from the celestial equator, in winter - 23.4 degrees south. Therefore, in June the sun shines more North hemisphere Earth - and at the moment of solstice summer begins here, and at the end of December - southern, and at this time winter begins here (and summer in the southern hemisphere).
Below you can see exact dates spring and autumn equinoxes for the city of Moscow, just like the winter and summer solstices.
event | date Time |
Spring equinox | March 20 at 07:30 Sun |
Summer solstice | June 21 at 01:34 Tue |
Autumn equinox | September 22 at 17:21 Thu |
Winter solstice | December 21 at 13:44 Wed |
These dates were among the most revered in the pre-Christian period. Solstice, rotation, equinox, solstice are the names of solar holidays, which are also called the four hypostases of the Slavic Dazhdbog, which is the Sun itself - the son of Svarog.
Kolyada - winter solstice (December 21-22);
- Maslenitsa or Komoeditsa - the day of the vernal equinox (March 21-22);
- Kupailo (Kupala) – summer solstice (June 21-22);
- Radogoshch (Svetovit, Veresen, Tausen) – autumn equinox (September 22-23);
Kolyada is the winter solstice or the longest night of the year. During this period, the young sun Kolyada replaces the old sun Svetovit in his post. That is why the daylight hours begin to increase from this day on. Replaced by the church on Christmas Day.
Maslenitsa or Komoeditsa - the day of the vernal equinox (day and night are equal in time), farewell to winter, burning of the effigy of Madder, welcoming spring and the Slavic New Year. The date March 21-22 is also the beginning of astronomical spring. From this day on, the day becomes longer than the night. Yarilo-Sun replaces Kolyada and drives away Winter-Madder. Traditionally, this bracelet was celebrated for two whole weeks.
Kupailo is the day of the summer solstice. The longest day and the longest short night per year. The last day of Rusal Week or Rusalia. Kupala is one of the oldest holidays, which has kept many traditions and customs unchanged to this day, for example: the funeral of Yarila, who is replaced by God summer sun Kupala, collection medicinal herbs, searching for a fern flower, etc. Kupailo is also a great holiday, which is now replaced by the church on the birthday of John the Baptist.
Radogoshch (Svetovit, Veresen, Tausen) - day autumn equinox(day and night are equal in time). On this day, the Sun-Old Man Svetovit comes into his own. The night is getting longer than a day. It is both a solar holiday and a celebration of the end of the harvest. Substituted for church at Christmas Holy Mother of God.
Equinox and solstice by year:The Winter Solstice is the day when darkness dominates light, for on this date the night is the longest of the year. Very often people get confused because the Solstice can be either December 21 or 22.
To avoid confusion, it is advisable to find out in advance when the Solstice will be. The shortest day and longest night in 2016 will be not December 22, but 21. The sun will rise above the horizon at approximately 9 a.m. in the European part of the country, and will set by 4 p.m. Thus, the day will last only 7 hours. After this, the night will slowly but surely decline, shortening by several minutes every day.
The astronomical meaning of the Solstice
There are only two equinoxes in a year - autumn and spring. There are also two Solstices - winter and summer. In our northern hemisphere, the Winter Solstice falls almost every time on December 21, but due to the fact that the calendar has leap year, this date sometimes shifts by one day. In 2015, for example, the Solstice was exactly on December 22.
If the calendar did not have this shift, then the Solstice would constantly move in one direction, arriving earlier and earlier. As for the astronomical meaning of this event, it personifies a special point in the Earth’s orbit. When Earth moves around the Sun, then it substitutes sun rays first one part, then the other. When the rays heat up more Southern Hemisphere, summer is coming there, and winter is here. Have you noticed that in winter the Sun never rises much above the horizon? This is why it is cold in winter: the rays seem to casually hit the surface of the Earth. The sun barely peeks over the horizon. The temperature of the Earth's surface directly depends on this.
December 21, 2016 the earth will pass a special point in the orbit when our hemisphere will be exposed to the Sun, and the southern hemisphere will be increasingly deprived of solar “attention”. This point is called the beginning of astronomical winter. In fact, winter is coming to its climax on December 21, it’s just that the higher we are towards the North Pole, the more pronounced and prolonged winter is. In theory, from December 21 it should be warmer and warmer, but in reality it will be cold for at least another two or one and a half months.
Astrologers and psychics about the Solstice in 2016
December 21 is a very important date, full of mystical secrets. In many cultures, it was taken as a starting point for the new year. For the Celts, the new year began exactly on the day of the Solstice - on December 21 or 22. 2017 would have arrived for them on the 21st. In general, many experts agree that this is one of the most logical dates for timing, but this method has not sunk into oblivion along with Celtic traditions, since the Chinese and many other eastern peoples build their calendar based on the Solstice. They are celebrating New Year on the second New Moon after the horizon of astronomical winter - that is, after December 21. For them, 2017 will not begin until January 28th.
Astrologically, the Solstice has the most negative impact on people if it falls on a Sunday - the day of maximum influence of the Sun. Our luminary is the patron of rest, calm and tranquility, therefore, on the Solstice, which falls on a Sunday, it is not recommended to overload yourself with work, because you may not be able to rest normally. December 21, 2016 is Wednesday, so everything will be in in perfect order. This day can be quite productive because the Sun will be the least active of the entire year.
Psychics say that on December 21, 2016, meditation and spiritual practices will be especially useful. Many esotericists have versions that on the Winter Solstice you can relive your past lives and see the future, as well as change your destiny. This means that you can tell fortunes on this day in any way convenient for you - on Tarot cards, on water, or by other methods. This is the day of wisdom, so psychics recommend studying. Preparation for upcoming exams and tests should be very successful.
From time immemorial, seers and magicians believed that the Sun is always on the side of people, giving us only the best. On December 21 or 22, this faith grows stronger every year positive energy Sun. Be kind to others and never indulge in envy or revenge.
The moon on December 21 will be in the third quarter, that is, at the waning stage. The day will also pass under the auspices of Libra, which astrologers call main problem for hardworking people. The energy of this Sign can disrupt your plans and make you turn off the road leading to success.
So, this year the Solstice will not be December 22, but 21. Only you can decide how to spend this important day. You shouldn't expect anything special from him, but you shouldn't underestimate his strength either. Meditations according to the Zodiac Sign will help you find mental balance and attract luck into your life, making your energy more stable. Good luck to you, and don't forget to press the buttons and
20.12.2016 02:11
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December 21-22 is the winter solstice. Among the Slavs it is celebrated on this day ancient holiday Kolyada. In Kolyada, it was customary to arrange carols - to sing funny songs with wishes for goodness, peace, prosperity and ask for treats. Nowadays it is customary to sing carols and read carols at Christmas, but originally carols were celebrated on the day of the winter solstice. Slavic holiday Kolyada coincides in time with the Winter Solstice, when a new, young sun is born. Also, this holiday was called White Christmastide.
Winter Solstice is natural process, at which the inclination of the Earth's rotation axis in the direction from the Sun takes highest value. On the day of the winter solstice, there is the shortest daylight and the longest dark night. The winter solstice of 2016 will occur on December 21st.
On the day of the winter solstice, the sun rises to its lowest height above the horizon. In the northern hemisphere, the winter solstice occurs on December 21 or 22. This day marks the shortest day and longest night. The moment of the solstice shifts every year, since the length of the solar year does not coincide with calendar time.
In 2016, the winter solstice will occur on December 21, when the sun crosses the 18-hour meridian and begins to rise up the ecliptic, towards the spring equinox.
After the winter solstice, the day will gradually increase and the night will decrease. According to the winter solstice, they used to note about the future harvest: if there is frost on the trees, it means a rich grain harvest.
The ancient Slavs celebrated the New Year, or Kolyada, on the winter solstice. The main attribute of the festival was a fire, depicting and invoking the light of the sun. On Kolyada they prepared a ritual New Year's round pie - a loaf - shaped like the sun.
Among the Slavs, Kolyada marks renewal, the New Year's cycle. The nascent Sun appears in the form of a child. The Child is the disk of the Sun called Colo. The holiday of Kolyada is opposite in time to Kupala. Marks the seasonal turn, the arrival of light, the dying of the old, the arrival of the strong and young.
All holidays associated with the movement of the sun were the most significant among the Slavs. They fall on 4 points - two equinoxes and two solstices. At this time the sun, the earth and all nature turn towards new stage life. For the Slavs, every change of year was important and carried with it life meaning. In December we welcomed winter and the Sun, which on December 21, after the most dark night took on a new birth and was therefore believed to be a new Sun.
During Kolyada on December 21-22, the Sun is in the process of transition from one state to another, and at this moment a situation arises in which the doors between the worlds open slightly.
On the day of the winter solstice, they brought sheaves and dolls to houses and sang songs - carols with wishes for the well-being of the home and with requests for gifts - loaves and pies. Carolers dressed up in animal costumes - a bear, a horse, a goat, a cow, which denotes an ancient symbol of abundance. They praised the owners, wished well-being to the home and family, and in return they demanded gifts, jokingly predicting ruin for the stingy. And those who did not apply for Kolyada are considered to remain in poverty next year.
In Kolyada it was customary to give round rolls as gifts. The holiday of Kolyada is also called “White Christmastide”.