Know, Soviet people, that you are descendants of fearless warriors!
Know, Soviet people, that the blood of great heroes flows in you,
Those who gave their lives for their homeland without thinking about the benefits!
Know and honor, Soviet people, the exploits of our grandfathers and fathers!

An inconspicuous house of pre-war Stalingrad, which was destined to become one of the symbols of perseverance, heroism, and military feat - Pavlov's house.

“... On September 26, a group of reconnaissance officers of the 42nd Guards rifle regiment under the command of Sergeant Ya. F. Pavlov and a platoon of Lieutenant N.E. Zabolotny 13th Guards Rifle Division took up defense in 2 residential buildings on the 9 January Square. Subsequently, these houses entered the history of the Battle of Stalingrad as “Pavlov’s house” and “Zabolotny’s house” ... ".

During the days of the Battle of Stalingrad, the 42nd Guards Rifle Regiment of Colonel I.P. held the defense on the January 9 Square. Elina.

The commander of the 3rd battalion, Captain A.E. Zhukov received the task of conducting an operation to seize two residential buildings. For this purpose, two groups were created under the command of Sergeant Pavlov and Lieutenant Zabolotny, who successfully completed the task assigned to them.

The house, captured by Lieutenant Zabolotny’s fighters, could not withstand the enemy’s onslaught - the advancing German invaders blew up the building along with the Soviet soldiers defending it.

Sergeant Pavlov’s group managed to survive, they held out in the House of the Regional Consumer Union for three days, after which reinforcements under the command of Lieutenant Afanasyev arrived to their aid, delivering ammunition and weapons.

The building of the Regional Potrebsoyuz became one of the most important strongholds in the defense system of the 42nd Guards Rifle Regiment and the entire 13th Guards Rifle Division...

Before the war, it was a 4-story residential building for workers of the regional consumer union. It was considered one of the prestigious houses of Stalingrad: it was surrounded by the elite House of Signalmen and the House of NKVD Workers. Industrial specialists and party workers lived in Pavlov’s house. Pavlov's house was built so that a straight, flat road led from it to the Volga. This fact played an important role during the Battle of Stalingrad.

In mid-September 1942, during the battles on January 9 Square, Pavlov’s house became one of two four-story buildings that it was decided to turn into strongholds, since from here it was possible to observe and fire at the enemy-occupied part of the city to the west up to 1 km, and on north and south are even further. It was for this house that the most fierce battles took place.

September 22, 1942 Sergeant Yakov Pavlov’s company approached the house and entrenched itself in it - at that time only four people remained alive. Soon - on the third day - reinforcements arrived: a machine-gun platoon under the command of Lieutenant I.F. Afanasyev, who, as a senior in rank, led the defense of the house. But, nevertheless, for the artillerymen the house was named after the person who first settled in it. So the house became Pavlov's house.

With the help of sappers, the defense of Pavlov's house was improved - the approaches to it were mined, a trench was dug to communicate with the command located in the Mill building, and a telephone with the call sign "Mayak" was installed in the basement of the house. A garrison of 25 men held their position for 58 days, repelling endless attacks from vastly superior enemy forces. On Paulus's personal map this house was marked as a fortress.

“A small group, defending one house, destroyed more enemy soldiers than the Nazis lost during the capture of Paris,” noted Army 62 commander Vasily Chuikov.

Pavlov's house was defended by fighters of 10 nationalities - Georgian Masiashvili and Ukrainian Lushchenko, Jew Litsman and Tatar Ramazanov, Abkhaz Sukba and Uzbek Turgunov. So Pavlov's House became a real stronghold of friendship between peoples during the Great Patriotic War. All heroes were awarded government awards, and Sergeant Ya. F. Pavlov, who was wounded during the storming of the “milk house” and then sent to the hospital, was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.

The second house on January 9 Square was occupied by a platoon of Lieutenant N. E. Zabolotny. But at the end of September 1942, German artillery completely destroyed this house, and almost the entire platoon and Lieutenant Zabolotny himself died under its ruins.

Pavlov's House:

Defenders of Stalingrad near Pavlov's House

Zabolotny's house:

Yakov Fedotovich Pavlov:

From me.

I think it is important to filter the information from this video material, throwing historical lies aside.

TVC is a Western broadcasting company operating in Russian telecommunications spaces. As always, such structures, telling about the exploits of our grandparents during the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945, will definitely add a spoon "psychological tar" into history "barrel of honey" heroic battles of the Red Army for our great Soviet Motherland.

Remember that any information, even a feat, emotionally negatively colored, involuntarily leaves a negative aftertaste in a person when perceived.

Thus, our psychological enemy gradually convinces us that “The Nazis were people too” and it doesn’t matter to them that they considered themselves superhumans and us subhumans, with all the ensuing consequences. and it doesn’t matter to them that there are no historical cases of atrocities by Red Army soldiers, but the atrocities of the Nazis are known to all of humanity and were presented to the Nuremberg court. Some say that “if Hitler had captured us, we would now be drinking Bavarian beer and snacking on Bavarian sausages”, and it doesn’t matter to them that only every fourth Belarusian was killed by the Nazis, which exists, which provides for the disposal (extermination) of excess Slavs and the enslavement of the survivors, “Stalin is a tyrant and a murderer like Hitler”, but it doesn’t matter to them that Stalin defended the multinational Soviet people from destruction and enslavement, and it was Hitler who invaded the territory of the USSR, destroying cities, villages, Soviet citizens... Does anyone know of a case where a Nazi soldier or officer shouted “For Germany!” For Hitler! rushed into the embrasure of a Soviet pillbox, covering with his body a machine gun spewing deadly fire, in order to save his colleagues and carry out combat mission? When will we stop believing the lies of Western specialists in Psychological Warfare and learn to identify the “fly of psychological ointment” in our historical heroic “ointment”?

After the war, the square where it was located Pavlov's House, was named Defense Square. A semicircular colonnade was built near Pavlov’s house by the architect I. E. Fialko. It was planned to build a monument to a soldier of Stalingrad in front of the house, but the memory of the soldier’s feat was immortalized. In 1965, according to the design of sculptors P.L. Malkova and A.V. Golovanov, a memorial wall-monument was built on the end wall of the house from the side of the square in honor of the military feat of the defenders of Stalingrad. The inscription on it reads:

“This house at the end of September 1942 was occupied by Sergeant Ya. F. Pavlov and his comrades A. P. Aleksandrov, V. S. Glushchenko, N. Ya. Chernogolov. During September-November 1942, the house was heroically defended by soldiers of the 3rd th battalion of the 42nd Guards Rifle Regiment of the 13th Guards Order of Lenin Rifle Division: Aleksandrov A.P., Afanasyev I.F., Bondarenko M.S., Voronov I.V., Glushchenko V.S., Gridin T. I., Dovzhenko P. I., Ivashchenko A. I., Kiselev V. M., Mosiashvili N. G., Murzaev T., Pavlov Ya. F., Ramazanov F. 3., Saraev V. K., Svirin I. T., Sobgaida A. A., Torgunov K., Turdyev M., Khait I. Ya., Chernogolov N. Ya., Chernyshchenko A. N., Shapovalov A. E., Yakimenko G. I.”

Defenders of Pavlov's house:

Data on the number of defenders range from 24 to 31. (The name of the Unknown Soldier, who defended the House of Soldiers' Glory, was once claimed by about 50 people.) There were also more than thirty civilians in the basements, some were seriously injured as a result of the fires that broke out after German artillery attacks and bombings. Pavlov's house was defended by military personnel of different nationalities:

№	FULL NAME.	Rank/ job title	Armament	Nationality
1 reconnaissance group	Fedotovich	sergeant part-commander	gun-	Russian
2 reconnaissance group	Glushchenko Sergeevich	corporal	manual	Ukrainian
3 reconnaissance group	Alexandrov Alexander P.	Red Army soldier	manual	Russian
4 reconnaissance group	Blackheads Yakovlevich	Red Army soldier	manual	Russian
5 commander garrison	Afanasiev Filippovich	lieutenant garrison commander	heavy	Russian
6 department mortarmen	Chernyshenko Nikiforovich	junior lieutenant mortar squad commander	mortar	Russian
7 department mortarmen	Gridin Terenty Illarionovich		mortar	Russian
8 machine gun senior sergeant Voronova I.V.	Voronov Vasilevich	Art. sergeant machine gun commander	machine gun	Russian
9 machine gun senior sergeant Voronova I.V.	Hythe Yakovlevich		gun-	Jew
10 machine gun senior sergeant Voronova I.V.	Ivashchenko Ivanovich		heavy	Ukrainian
11 machine gun senior sergeant Voronova I.V.	Svirin Timofeevich	Red Army soldier	manual	Russian
12 machine gun senior sergeant Voronova I.V.	Bondarenko	Red Army soldier	manual	Russian
13 machine gun senior sergeant Voronova I.V.	Dovzhenko	Red Army soldier	heavy	Ukrainian
14 department armor piercers	Sobgaida	Art. sergeant armor piercing squad commander	PTR	Ukrainian
15 department armor piercers	Ramazanov Faizrahman Zulbukarovich	corporal	PTR	Tatar
16 department armor piercers	Yakimenko Gregory Ivanovich	Red Army soldier	PTR	Ukrainian
17 department armor piercers	Murzaev	Red Army soldier	PTR	Kazakh
18 department armor piercers	Turdyev	Red Army soldier	PTR	Tajik
19 department armor piercers	Turgunov Kamolzhon	Red Army soldier	PTR	Uzbek
20 machine gunner	Kiselyov	Red Army soldier	gun-	Russian
21 machine gunner	Mosiashvili	Red Army soldier	gun-	Georgian
22 machine gunner	Sarajevo	Red Army soldier	gun-	Russian
23 machine gunner	Shapovalov Egorovich	Red Army soldier	gun-	Russian
24	Khokholov Badmaevich	Red Army soldier sniper	rifle	Kalmyk

Among the defenders of the garrison, who were not constantly in the building, but only periodically, it is worth noting the sniper sergeant Chekhov Anatoly Ivanovich and medical instructor Maria Stepanovna Ulyanova, who took up arms during German attacks.

In the memoirs of A.S. Chuyanov, the following are still listed as defenders of the house: Stepanoshvili (Georgian), Sukba (Abkhazian). In his book, the spelling of some surnames is also different: Sabgaida (Ukrainian), Murzuev (Kazakh). -1 -2

Rodimtsev with the heroic garrison "Pavlov's House".

Yakov Fedotovich Pavlov(October 4, 1917 - September 28, 1981) - hero of the Battle of Stalingrad, commander of a group of fighters who, in the fall of 1942, defended a four-story residential building on Lenin Square (Pavlov's House) in the center of Stalingrad. This house and its defenders became a symbol of the heroic defense of the city on the Volga. Hero of the Soviet Union (1945).

Yakov Pavlov was born in the village of Krestovaya, graduated primary school, worked in agriculture. In 1938 he was drafted into the Red Army. He met the Great Patriotic War in combat units in the Kovel region, as part of the troops of the Southwestern Front.

In 1942, Pavlov was sent to the 42nd Guards Rifle Regiment of the 13th guards division General A.I. Rodimtseva. He took part in defensive battles on the approaches to Stalingrad. In July-August 1942, Senior Sergeant Ya. F. Pavlov was reorganized in the city of Kamyshin, where he was appointed commander of the machine gun squad of the 7th company. In September 1942, in the battles for Stalingrad, he carried out reconnaissance missions.

On the evening of September 27, 1942, Pavlov received a combat mission from the company commander, Lieutenant Naumov, to reconnoiter the situation in a 4-story building overlooking the central square of Stalingrad - January 9th Square. This building occupied an important tactical position. With three fighters (Chernogolov, Glushchenko and Aleksandrov) he knocked the Germans out of the building and completely captured it. Soon the group received reinforcements, ammunition and telephone communications. Together with the platoon of Lieutenant I. Afanasyev, the number of defenders increased to 26 people. It took a long time to dig a trench and evacuate civilians hiding in the basements of the house.

The Germans constantly attacked the building with artillery and aerial bombs. But Pavlov avoided heavy losses and for almost two months did not allow the enemy to break through to the Volga.

On November 19, 1942, the troops of the Stalingrad Front launched a counteroffensive. On November 25, during the attack, Pavlov was wounded in the leg, lay in the hospital, then was a gunner and commander of the reconnaissance section in the artillery units of the 3rd Ukrainian and 2nd Belorussian Fronts, in which he reached Stettin. He was awarded two Orders of the Red Star and many medals.

June 17, 1945 to junior lieutenant Yakov Pavlov was assigned title of Hero of the Soviet Union (medal No. 6775). Pavlov was demobilized from the Soviet Army in August 1946.

After demobilization, he worked in the city of Valdai, Novgorod region, was the third secretary of the district committee, and graduated from the Higher Party School under the CPSU Central Committee. Three times he was elected as a deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR from the Novgorod region. After the war, he was also awarded the Order of Lenin and the Order of the October Revolution.

He repeatedly came to Stalingrad (now Volgograd), met with residents of the city who survived the war and restored it from ruins. In 1980, Y. F. Pavlov was awarded the title “ Honorable Sir hero city of Volgograd.

In Veliky Novgorod, in a boarding school named after him for orphans and children left without parental care, there is a Pavlov Museum (Derevyanitsy microdistrict, Beregovaya Street, building 44).

Ya.F. Pavlov was buried on the Alley of Heroes of the Western Cemetery of Veliky Novgorod.

Glushchenko Vasily Sergeevich, corporal, member of the reconnaissance group that captured Pavlov's House.

At the end of October 1942, the squad of Sergeant Yakov Pavlov was ordered to knock out the enemy who had settled there from the four-story House of Specialists and hold the object until reinforcements arrived. There was a daring battle with an enemy clearly superior in numbers. Due to the desperate onslaught and courage of a handful of Soviet soldiers, the Nazis decided that they were being attacked by a large unit. But there were only a few attackers: Sergeant Pavlov, privates Alexandrov, Chernogolov and Stavropol collective farmer, infantryman Vasily Glushchenko. On the fourth or fifth day, small reinforcements arrived, and the garrison of Pavlov’s House, which held the unprecedented defense of just one building for 58 days, went down in the history of the great battle on the Volga. They fought to the death; the enemy never managed to knock them out of the fortified house.

After the war, Vasily Glushchenko settled with us in Maryinskaya. On the 30th anniversary of the Victory, Hero of the Soviet Union Yakov Pavlov himself came to the village to meet him. Some of the old-timers still remember this. They remember how, straightening his mustache with a slight movement, Vasily Sergeevich said:

“There were, however, rarely moments of calm. And then a sort of barking voice was heard from their German hiding places:

“Rus, give up.”

I answer them as best I can:

“Don’t make a mistake, you fascist bastard! It's not just Russians here. If I start listing everyone, you’ll die without listening.”

Indeed, the defenders of Pavlov’s House included representatives of many nationalities. Ukrainians, Georgians, Uzbeks, Tajiks, Kazakhs, Jews, and Tatars fought hand in hand with the Russians. They were workers before the war and during the war, in general, they remained essentially the same workers: they fought as they worked.

Until his death, Glushchenko kept a letter from twice Hero of the Soviet Union, Marshal Vasily Chuikov. Years after the war, the famous commander personally greeted and thanked the soldier:

“Dear Vasily Sergeevich, friend at the front, hero of the Stalingrad epic! Your feat is written in golden letters in history. HousePavlova, which you bravely defended for all 58 days, remained an unconquered fortress... Thank you, soldier and comrade.”

This year marks the 115th anniversary of the birth of Vasily Glushchenko. In honor of this date, a memorial evening was held at the Maryinsky House of Culture. The chairman of the Council of Veterans of the village, Lev Sokolov, told the audience, among whom there were many students from the village school, about the Battle of Stalingrad itself. And the history teacher and head of the village museum, Alexander Yaroshenko, introduced us to the biography of our heroic fellow countryman.Guests of the meeting saw photographs of Vasily Glushchenko, including front-line ones.

Ivan Filippovich Afanasyev(1916 - August 17, 1975) - lieutenant, veteran of the Great Patriotic War, participant in the Battle of Stalingrad. He led the defense of Pavlov's House.

Born in the village of Voronezhskaya, Ust-Labinsk district Krasnodar region. Russian.

October 2, 1942, during street fighting in Stalingrad, Lieutenant Ivan Filippovich Afanasyev led the defense of one of the houses (five days before, the house was occupied by the reconnaissance group of Sergeant Yakov Pavlov. Later this house would become known as Pavlov's House. The defense of the house lasted 58 days.

Despite the continuous attacks of the Nazis and air bombing, the garrison of the house held its facility until the general offensive of the Soviet troops began.

November 4, 1942 Ivan Filippovich Afanasyev led his fighters on the offensive across the January 9 Square. By 11 o'clock the guards took possession of one of the houses on the square, repelling four enemy attacks. In this battle, Lieutenant Afanasyev was shell-shocked (with loss of hearing and speech) and sent to the hospital. On January 17, 1943, in a battle for the factory part of the city, he was again wounded.

By order of the 13th Guards Infantry Division No.: 17/n dated: 02.22.1943, the commander of the machine gun platoon of the 42nd Guards Infantry Regiment of the 13th Guards Infantry Division of the Guard, Lieutenant Afanasyev, was awarded the Order of the Red Star for the fact that in the battles for Stalingrad near the village of Red October, together with his platoon, he destroyed about 150 enemy soldiers and officers, killing 18 soldiers with fire from personal weapons, and blocked 4 dugouts, allowing the infantry to carry out a counterattack.

After the Battle of Stalingrad, he took part in the battles on the Oryol-Kursk Bulge, near Kiev, Berlin and ended the war in Prague.

By order of the 111th Tank Brigade No. 6 dated: July 23, 1943, the commander of the bullet platoon of the rifle company of the 111th Tank Brigade of the Guard, Lieutenant Afanasyev, was awarded the Order of the Red Star for the fact that, while repelling an enemy counterattack, he destroyed his platoon with fire from heavy machine guns up to 3 enemy platoons, personally suppressing one enemy mortar from a machine gun.

By order of the 111th Tank Brigade No.: 17/n dated: 01/15/1944, Guard Lieutenant Afanasyev was awarded the Order of the Red Star for the fact that in the battle for the village of Chenovichi, with machine gun fire from his platoon, he destroyed up to 200 enemy soldiers and officers, while Afanasyev himself killed about 40 soldiers, replacing a wounded machine gunner.

By order of the 25th Tank Corps: 9/n dated: 05/09/1944, the party organizer of the machine gun battalion of the 111th Tank Brigade of the Guard, Lieutenant Afanasyev, was awarded the Order of the Patriotic War, 2nd degree, for the dedication and courage shown during the performance of his direct duties as a party organizer, aimed to maintain the morale of the battalion soldiers.

By order of the tank tank 173 of the 25th Tank Division, Senior Lieutenant Afanasyev was awarded the medal “For the Liberation of Prague.”

By order of the commander of the 25th Tank Division, Senior Lieutenant Afanasyev was awarded the medal “For the Capture of Berlin.”

By order of the 230th azsp of the 53rd Army of the 2nd Ukrainian Front No.: 3/1074 dated: 10/07/1946, Senior Lieutenant Afanasyev was awarded the medal “For the victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War of 1941–1945.”

As a result of a contusion received during the war in 1951, Ivan Afanasyev lost his sight, which was partially restored after operations.

Afanasyev settled in Stalingrad after the war. Despite his vision problems, he managed to write memoirs and also correspond with other defenders of Pavlov's House.

On October 15, 1967, at the opening of the monument to the ensemble on Mamayev Kurgan, together with Konstantin Nedorubov, they accompanied a torch with an eternal flame from the Square of Fallen Fighters to Mamayev Kurgan. And in 1970, together with Konstantin Nedorubov and Vasily Zaitsev, he laid a capsule with a message to descendants (which will be opened on May 9, 2045, on the centenary of the Victory).

Died Ivan Filippovich Afanasyev August 17, 1975, and was buried in the central cemetery of Volgograd. However, in his will he indicated that he would like to rest with other fighters on Mamayev Kurgan. In 2013, he was reburied at the Mamayev Kurgan memorial cemetery. A memorial plaque was installed on his grave.

Chernyshenko Alexey Nikiforovich took part in the defense of Pavlov's House and commanded a mortar squad.Junior Lieutenant Alexey Nikiforovich Chernyshenko was born and lived in the village of Shipunovo, Altai Territory, and from there in 1941 at the age of 18 he was drafted into the ranks of the Red Army and went to the front.

Alexey Nikiforovich Chernyshenko died a heroic death in 1942 in one of the battles for Stalingrad and was buried in a mass grave in the city of Stalingrad.

Sergeant Khait Idel Yakovlevich born in the village of Khashchevatoye, Odessa region in 1914. The Gaivoronsky RVK was drafted into the ranks of the Red Army. Red Army soldier, rifleman, 273rd rifle regiment, 270th rifle division.

Khait Idel Yakovlevich died heroically on November 25, 1942, on the last 58th day of the defense of “Pavlov’s house” in Stalingrad.

Khait Idel Yakovlevich was buried in a mass grave near the Volga, not far from the Gergart mill, located next to Pavlov’s house in the city of Stalingrad.

Red Army soldier Ivan Timofeevich Svirin. The war tore Ivan Timofeevich away from his peaceful profession. Before the war, he worked on a collective farm in the village. Mikhailovka, Kharabalinsky district. From there he went to the front. There was a wife and four children left at home.

As it becomes clear from the documents, Ivan Timofeevich was a machine gunner in the garrison of Pavlov’s House. He, along with everyone else, repelled enemy attacks, went to the rifle company command post with combat reports, equipped positions for firing points, and stood on duty. In terms of age, Ivan Timofeevich was the oldest, then he was 42 years old. He had years behind him civil war. Often, in between battles, he talked with newcomers, helping them understand much of what was happening in the garrison.

In January 1943, he died in the battles for the workers' village "Red October". In the Svirins’ house, books telling about the heroes of the immortal garrison are kept as a memory of their husband and father.

Sobgaida Andrey Alekseevich born in 1914 in the village. Politotdelskoye, Nikolaev district, Stalingrad region. At the age of 27 he went to the front. He already had several months of front-line life behind him; he took part in the battles near Kharkov. He was wounded and was treated at the Kamyshin hospital. The fighter Sobgayda was given only two days to visit his family.

In the morning I was already on my way. On the way to burning Stalingrad. There were battles here for every meter of land, for every house.

Sobgaida Andrei Alekseevich was one of the defenders of Pavlov’s house. In one of the defensive ones, Andrei was wounded. Only he did not leave the garrison, he tried to help his comrades. Together with other fighters, he dug trenches from the house to the mill. The last, most fierce attack was repulsed in mid-November. Company commander Naumov was killed, many were wounded, including Pavlov. There's an offensive ahead. In one of the offensive battles, Andrei Alekseevich Sobgaida died.

Corporal, armor piercer Ramazanov Faizrahman Zulbukarovich, born in 1906. Born in Astrakhan.

Ramazanov Faizrahman Zulbukarovich participated in the Battle of Stalingrad, including the defense of Pavlov’s house, liberated Hungary and took Berlin.

He was seriously wounded, but luckily he survived. He was awarded the Order of Military Glory, medals “For Stalingrad”, “For Kharkov”, “For Balaton” and other awards.

One of the best snipers of the 13th Guards Sergeant fired at the enemy from Pavlov's House Anatoly Ivanovich Chekhov, who destroyed more than 200 Nazis.

General Rodimtsev, right on the front line, awarded nineteen-year-old Anatoly Chekhov the Order of the Red Banner.

The Nazis managed to destroy one of the walls of the house. To which the fighters joked:

“We have three more walls. A house is like a house, only with a little ventilation.”

Gridin Terenty Illarionovich born on May 15, 1910 in the village of Blizhneosinovsky of the Second Don District of the Don Army Region.

In 1933 he graduated from the Nizhne-Chirsky Agricultural College. Worked as an agronomist.

Drafted into the Red Army on March 24, 1942. Kaganovich district military registration and enlistment office (now Surovikinsky) and was sent to the Astrakhan Military School. Afterwards he was assigned to the 13th Guards Rifle Division.

After securing the Red Army soldiers in Pavlov’s house, mortar men arrived there with junior lieutenant A.N. Chernyshenko, among them T.I. Gridin.

The funds of the Surovikinsky Museum of History and Local Lore contain a copy of the book “House of Soldier’s Glory”, on title page with which the author’s hand made a dedicatory inscription:

“To my combat friend from the Stalingrad battles T.I. To Gridin from the commander and author, May 9, 1971, Afanasyev.”

Terenty Illarionovich read the book with a pencil in his hands and underlined the most striking episodes and made notes in the margins. For example:

“I was with the mortar men in the house at a time when the 8th company of the 3rd battalion was still in the military trade building” (p. 46)

“As a result of the explosion, the entire western end wall of our House of Soldier’s Glory collapsed. At this time, our company commander was standing in the basement window. With a strong explosion of a heavy shell, I was concussed, hit in the head with rubble and tore off the door to the basement” (p. 54).

“We witnessed how the military trade building turned into a pile of ruins. During the day there was an L-shaped house, and in the morning only smoke came from the ruins” (p. 57).

“The mortar men were in the House led by Senior Sergeant Gridin, and at that time they sent us the commander of a platoon of company mortars, Comrade Alexey Chernyshenko, a young Siberian who had just graduated from 10th grade and command school” (p. 60).

On December 2, 1942, Gridin T.I. was seriously wounded in the right arm and sent to the hospital. After being seriously wounded, he did not take part in hostilities.

After the war, Terenty Illarionovich lived in the city of Surovikino, Volgograd region, worked at a plant protection station as an agronomist, maintained active correspondence with his comrades in arms, and came to the city of Volgograd to meet with fellow soldiers.

Died Gridin Terenty Illarionovich April 23, 1987, buried in Surovikino.

Art. Red Army sergeant, machine gun commander Voronov Ilya Vasilievich. The Stalingrad epic of machine gunner Voronov began like this. After being seriously wounded on the Don coast in May 1942, Ilya Voronov fought off doctors as best he could who tried to send him to further treatment in warm rear, away from the battles. In September, from the hospital evacuated to Astrakhan, untreated soldiers, among whom was twenty-year-old Ilya, went to fight in the burning Stalingrad. Machine gunners were worth their weight in gold, and even more so aces like Voronov, who treated thirty-kilogram Maxims like toys.

Guard Sergeant Yakov Pavlov, who was tasked by the command of the 3rd Battalion of the 42nd Infantry Regiment of the 13th Guards Division with holding the most important strategic facility with access to the Volga - Pavlov's house, requested Voronov for help.

The peasant son Ilya Voronov - about ninety meters tall, with fists of pounds - could choose the best position for his machine gun to attack, and the most inconspicuous place to dig in and wait out, if the combat situation required it. He was not only the commander of the machine gun crew, the assistant platoon commander, but also a real ringleader. Voronov taught his machine gunners the song “Forward, we are Dashing Stalinists” and was the lead singer himself.

“Yasha, if it gets difficult, I’m at the mill,” he told Pavlov before he went to the house.

At this time, Voronov’s machine gun was working at the same mill, which still stands in Volgograd as a destroyed reminder of the Battle of Stalingrad.

“Send me Voronov,” Pavlov asked and demanded from his command.

And in the end the battalion commander called Voronov and ordered:

"You are going to Pavlov's house."

“At first I didn’t understand: which house? – recalls Ilya Vasilyevich.

– This house was then officially called the House of Specialists. It turns out that the messenger is “to blame”. Yasha told him:

“Tell Voronov to come to Pavlov’s house.”

And the messenger said to the commanders:

"To Pavlov's house." That’s how it went from then on.”

“Well, now we can fight,” Pavlov hugged Voronov, who had finally arrived.

Few people know that when the house was in the hands of the Nazis, 34 civilians remained in it and suffered full grief.

Having captured the house, the Germans abused the people: they beat the elderly and raped the women. And when Sergeant Pavlov and his comrades drove out the invaders, they told him this:

“If you leave us here, we will not forgive you.”

They couldn’t leave this house after such words! This is tantamount to betrayal. How then to look into the eyes of children who have become almost family. One of the elders, ten-year-old Vanya, brought cartridges, water, and helped bandage the soldiers.

And one day Voronov came into one of the rooms, and there a naked woman was sitting and wrapping a baby in her dress.

“Why naked? Why are you embarrassing my fighters? – machine gunner Ilya Voronov was surprised.

“I have nothing to swaddle my child with,” the woman answered. “Get dressed, I’ll be there in a minute,” answered the machine gunner.

And he brought the woman new replacement footcloths for diapers.

After many, many years, that child turned, according to Ilya Vasilyevich, into beautiful woman. She set the table and welcomed the defenders of Pavlov’s House into her Volgograd apartment. She knew very well that she was alive because machine gunner Voronov, sergeants Pavlov and Ramazanov, private Glushchenko gave her rations to her mother, and they themselves climbed to the wheat warehouse located between the house and the mill. There were problems with food and ammunition: the command would send 10-12 boats, but only two or three would arrive. So the soldiers chewed the wheat they had obtained under fire. For water they made their way to the Volga, overflowing with oil from reservoirs bombed by the Nazis. Then the water was filtered six times through rags and foot wraps. But she still smelled of kerosene. They drank themselves and cleaned it for the machine gun.

The Nazis did everything they could to take this house: they fired at it with machine guns, bombed it with planes, and threw grenades at it. And ours rose as if from the ashes: “patched” broken windows and doorways with bags of earth - and they answered. They didn’t sleep for several days – and that’s why the Nazis lost count. They imagined that in the house there was not a wounded platoon, but almost a regiment.

The moment came when the Nazis could not stand it. “Hey, Rus, how many of you are there?” - came from the fascist loudspeaker, which was installed a few meters from Pavlov’s house.

“A full battalion and more,” answered the Pavlovtsians.

When the general offensive began, five remained alive in the dilapidated house.

They lasted 58 days! What are the components of heroism? Sergeant Voronov knows them. For example, the Nazis shot a simple Russian girl in the arm and sent her to ours for information about the location of units, and took her mother hostage. Heroism consisted of fearlessness: when you stuck out of the house almost up to your waist and poured fire on the Nazis, taking revenge for breaking a fragile Russian girl, forcing her to choose at the age of ten: life or the Motherland, mother or liberating soldiers.

This is how the defense of Pavlov’s House ended for Voronov.

“Once, during a battle in the center of the city, an enemy grenade fell at my feet,” the veteran said. “I quickly threw it back, but then another one exploded, and I was wounded in the face and stomach. I didn’t feel any pain and continued to fight, wiping the blood that was pouring into my eyes. During the next enemy counterattack, I was wounded again, but I was in such an angry passion that, even when the cartridges ran out, I tore rings out of grenades with my teeth and threw them towards the Fritz. When the nurse crawled up, while bandaging him, she counted more than twenty shrapnel and machine-gun wounds on the body.

I spent no less than 15 and a half months in hospital beds and underwent dozens of operations. He returned to Glinka’s native village in 1944, and his mother and sisters live in a dugout. It was as if pincers were squeezing my heart: I had to rebuild the village, build a house for the family, but he was on one leg. Harnessed. He worked as a storekeeper, a dairy farm manager, a security guard at a grain farm, so much so that some couldn’t keep up even on two legs. He didn’t let anyone off the hook.

After the war, Ilya Vasilyevich cried only once, in 1981. A telegram came from Nizhny from Pavlov’s son:

"Dad is dead".

Natalya Alexandrovna is the daughter of the legendary commander of the 13th Guards Rifle Division A.I. Rodimtseva - in her book about the war and about her father, wrote about the Russian soldier Ilya Voronov:

“This man is a diamond of the highest standard.”

For three years now he has not gone to the city on the Volga. When I was younger, I went there every year. I sat at the same table with Marshal Chuikov, and he repeated:

“If it weren’t for you, the defenders of the house, it’s still unknown how the war would have turned out.”

Afanasyev I. F., Voronov I. V., Ulyanova M. S.

LADICHENKO (ULYANOVA) Maria Stepanovna “Chizhik”.

"IN all 58 days of defense of Pavlov's House from the first to last day Masha, a gentle and skillful nurse, was part of our garrison. And if the enemy was advancing?.. Masha took a machine gun and grenades, stood nearby, fought and shouted:

“Beat the filthy fascists, guys, the enemy!”

L. I. SAVELIEV. "PAVLOV'S HOUSE". A true story about Soldier's glory:

“... the fascists started another “concert” and now everyone is at the firing points. There was Naumov, who brought the artillerymen to the house... medical instructor Chizhik - company commander, prudently took her with him when he was equipping the expedition for the cannon... everyone was sure that when needed, Chizhik would definitely be nearby... Chizhik hurried - medical instructor Marusya Ulyanova, who provided first aid to Dronov help... But most of all the guests and fellow soldiers were the platoon commander Ivan Filippovich Afanasyev, ... and Maria Stepanovna Ulyanova-Ladychenko - after all, she also lives in Volgograd. For her friends at the front, that’s how she remained: MARUSYA – CHISHIK.” (pp. 136-138, 144, 206).

"STALINGRAD. 1942-1943. Battle of Stalingrad in documents". Moscow.1995. P. 412. VSMP funds, folder No. 198, inv. No. 9846, original:

“FROM THE POLITICAL REPORT OF THE 62ND ARMY ABOUT THE INCLUSION OF ARMED WORK FORCES OF THE STALINGRAD FACTORIES INTO THE ARMY.

...Ulyanova Maria Stepanovna, an employee of the Red October plant, is considered to be in the 42nd rifle regiment of the 13th Guards. with the best nurse. Under any fire, she calmly performs her duties. She was recently awarded the medal "For Courage".…

Head of the political department of the 62nd Army, Brigade Commissar Vasiliev. TsAMO, f. 48, op. 486, d. 35, l. 319a-321. (pp. 321-323. KP).

Ulyanova Maria Stepanovna: Medal for Courage fund 33 inventory 686044 file 1200 l. 2 I am sending a piece of the award order:

"14. Medical instructor of the 3rd rifle battalion of the Red Army Guard, Maria Stepanovna ULYANOVA, for the fact that in the battles for Stalingrad from November 22 to 26, 1942, she carried 15 wounded soldiers and commanders and 15 rifles from the battlefield and provided first aid to 20 wounded commanders and soldiers. Born in 1919, Russian member of the Komsomol, in the Patriotic War since December 1941, has 2 wounds, in the spacecraft since 1941..., has no awards...".

Volgograd Regional Committee of the CPSU, Institute Military History USSR Ministry of Defense. "THE HISTORICAL FEAT OF STALINGRAD". Moscow. 1985. P. 219:

“IN THE legendary house of Sergeant Ya. F. Pavlov, TOGETHER WITH HIS DEFENDERS, FROM THE BEGINNING TO THE END OF THE FIGHTS, Maria ULYANOVA WAS STAYING, providing medical assistance to many soldiers.”

In the Museum of the HISTORY of the KIROV DISTRICT there is a record about Maria Stepanovna LADICHENKO (ULYANOVA), a participant in the Great Patriotic War and the Battle of Stalingrad, a participant in the battles of the legendary garrison of the House of Soldiers' Glory ("House of Pavlov"):

“Ulyanova had three combat medals:

- “For courage”;

- “For the defense of Stalingrad”;

— “For the victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945.”

Battle path Gary Badmaevich Khokholov started in 1941. 1941 - when the war began, Garya worked at a fish canning factory:

“...I had armor, and all my comrades went to the front. Well, I think everyone is fighting, and I’ll catch crucians?

Before I had time to leave Kalmykia, I was turned back - I wasn’t suitable for health reasons. On the second attempt, I finally broke through to the front,” the veteran later recalled.

IN 1 942, an 18-year-old boy, Garya joins the army. He ends up in the training battalion of the 139th Infantry Division, located in the Astrakhan region (Kharabali). I managed to train as a mortar operator for 1.5 months. Untrained recruits are sent on a 5-day forced march (on foot at night) and young mortar cadets find themselves on the left bank of the Volga.

Meanwhile, fierce battles are taking place in the very center of Stalingrad. For more than two months, soldiers of the 42nd Regiment of the 13th Guards Division have been holding back the enemy onslaught. Stone buildings - the House of Sergeant Ya. Pavlov, the House of Lieutenant N. Zabolotny and mill No. 4 - were turned into strongholds. "No step back!"- Following this order and the dictates of the soul, the guards did not want to retreat.

Pavlov's House or, as many today call it, the House of Soldier's Glory had a favorable, dominant position in this area (the territory occupied by the enemy was well covered). That is why the commander of the 42nd Guards Rifle Regiment I.P. Elin orders the commander of the 3rd Infantry Battalion, Captain A.E. Zhukov to seize the house and turn it into a stronghold. Fulfill this task soldiers of the 7th rifle company, commanded by senior lieutenant I.P., were sent. Naumov. At the end of September 1942, this house was captured by Sergeant Ya.F. Pavlov with his squad (3 soldiers).

At the same time:

“On September 20 we crossed the Volga...” - the entry was made in pencil by the hand of G. Khokholov himself on 1 sheet of the Red Army book.

On the third day of Pavlov’s stay there with his comrades, reinforcements arrived at the House: a machine-gun platoon of 7 people, led by Lieutenant I.F. Afanasyev, a group of armor-piercing soldiers of 6 people under the command of Senior Sergeant A.A. Sabgaydy, four mortarmen under the command of Lieutenant A.N. Chernushenko and three machine gunners. I.F. was appointed commander of the group. Afanasiev.

In the book “The Guardsmen Fought to the Death,” General A.I. Rodimtsev recalls:

“As a joke, Afanasyev called his assault group an international brigade. If the machine gunners represented only three nationalities - Russians, Ukrainians and Uzbeks, then an even more complex national family was represented by the armor-piercing units of the A.A. Subguides."

It was in this group that G. Khokholov was included.This is how Khokholov himself describes his appearance in the battalion.

“On the night of September 20, we crossed on a barge to the burning city. And immediately into battle. Then they stopped. They took us into the basement of some house. The smokehouse was burning and by its light they wrote down names. I spoke Russian poorly, but I still have a Red Army book with the personal signature of Company Commander-7 I.I. Naumova: 13th GSD, 42nd GSP, 3rd GSB, 7th rifle company, date – September 20, 1942. After a short clerical procedure, we were taken further - here bullets were already whistling, rockets were flashing, the front line was felt... About twenty of us had gathered. The platoon commander explained that the city is almost entirely owned by the Germans, but we will stay in this house.”

From the memoirs of G. Khokholov:

“I remember endless fascist attacks: German planes circled over the house, artillery, mortar and machine gun fire did not subside. The Germans stormed the house several times a day. For the rest of my life I remembered the smell of burning, limestone dust that corroded my eyes. And also the piercing autumn wind and burnt wheat, which he chewed to satisfy his hunger.”

In Alexander Samsonov’s book “The Battle of Stalingrad” there are the following lines:

“The famous division sniper A.I. often came to Pavlov’s House. Chekhov fired well at the enemy from the attic.”

And Khokholov in his letter tells how Chekhov taught him the art of sniper in a besieged house. The lessons, apparently, were not in vain. Proof of this is the entry in the Red Army soldier’s book, especially dear to the veteran:

“Awarded with the award “Excellent Sniper”.

The date of presentation - November 7, 1942 - clearly indicates that Khokholov first used his marksmanship skills in defending the house that later became famous.

In one of his last interviews, the veteran said:

“One day, the company commander handed me a sniper rifle and ordered me to shoot at the gas tanks of enemy cars and drivers, but not to give myself away. He took up his post on the northwest side of the house. A second soldier was on duty at another observation post. I stretched a wire to it to keep the connection in this way. When one of us took a break, the other took aim at the enemy. One of us had to be killed. I'm alive. Unfortunately, I don’t remember what the Ukrainian guy’s name was.”

The brave Soviet soldiers held out for 58 days and nights. They left the building on November 24, when the regiment launched a counteroffensive.November 21-24 were the bloodiest battles in the defense of Stalingrad.Morning of November 25 - attack on the enemy. In the battle, G. Khokholov was wounded and crawled to cover. At night, the wounded are carried to the Volga to be transported to the other side. Here's how he remembers it:

“The last battle was early in the morning of November 25th. Comroty spent the night with us and explained the task. He was the first to attack - he jumped out the window and shouted:

“Follow me, forward!”

The Germans opened dense mortar fire. A few steps from the house, I was hit in the legs by a machine gun, and I fell like a sheaf. It felt like a lot of our people were killed.

We, the wounded, were carried out to the Volga. But the crossing did not work - broken ice was flowing along the river. No one bandaged us, I experienced terrible agony for five days. I thought this was the end. And only in hospital EG-3638 in the city of Ershov, Saratov region, did I believe in my salvation.”

After a hospital in the Saratov city of Ershov, Khokholov ends up in the 15th Airborne Division, with which he takes part in the battles on the Kursk Bulge. In the terrible battles on the Kursk Bulge, 8 thousand people fought, of which 400 people survived. Garya Khokholov received a second wound in these battles. A bomb explodes next to him and he receives severe injuries to both arms and legs. The unconscious soldier was sent by train to the Chita region, to the Transbaikal-Petrovsky hospital. And inIn 1943, after treatment with a certificate of 2nd group disability on 2 crutches, he returned home to restore his post-war homeland.

Kamolzhon Turgunov was called up to the front at the end of 1941, where he mastered the specialty of anti-tank rifle shooter (armor-piercing gunner). After the Battle of Stalingrad, he took part in the liberation of Ukraine, Belarus, Romania, and Hungary.

He celebrated victory in Magdeburg, Germany. Returning home with two wounds, he worked as a tractor driver on his native collective farm in the village of Bardankul, Turakurgan district, Namangan region, where he lived with his family - his wife and 16 children. In Uzbekistan it is dedicated to him documentary "Long way home", filmed by the country's famous cameraman and director Davran Salimov.

On March 17, 2015, the last defender of the Pavlov House, Kamoljon Turgunov, passed away at the age of 92 in Namangan.

Pavlov's house became a symbol not only of the military, but also labor valor. It was from the restoration of this house - and Pavlov's House became the first house of the restored Stalingrad - the famous Cherkasovsky movement began to restore the city in his free time. Women's team of construction workers A.M. Cherkasova restored Pavlov’s house immediately after the end of the Battle of Stalingrad, in 1943-44 (the beginning of restoration is considered to be June 9, 1943).

The Cherkasov movement quickly expanded among the masses: at the end of 1943, over 820 Cherkasov brigades were working in Stalingrad, in 1944 - 1192 brigades, in 1945 - 1227 brigades. This is evidenced by the memorial wall-monument, opened on May 4, 1985 on the end wall of the house from Sovetskaya Street. Authors: architect V. E. Maslyaev and sculptor V. G. Fetisov. The inscription on the memorial wall reads:

“In this house, feats of arms and labor merged together”.

Battle of Stalingrad. Chronicle, facts, people. Book 1 Zhilin Vitaly Alexandrovich

HEROES OF THE BATTLE OF STALINGRAD

HEROES OF THE BATTLE OF STALINGRAD

One of the most important factors for victory in the Battle of Stalingrad is the heroism of the soldiers and commanders, who, despite the numerical superiority of the enemy, showed unprecedented tenacity in defense and decisiveness in the offensive.

A sense of responsibility for the Volga stronghold gave birth to entire units, units and formations of heroes. Many of them covered themselves with unfading glory. 103 people were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. Their exploits will forever remain in the hearts of many peoples. They will forever be a symbol of fearlessness, courage and self-sacrifice in the name of the Fatherland. This collection includes little-known materials about the Heroes of the Soviet Union who performed feats during the Battle of Stalingrad (02/17/1942-02/2/1943). In biographical information military ranks and positions are indicated at the time of the feat.

ABDIROV

NURKEN

Sergeant, participated in the Battle of Stalingrad as a pilot of the 808th Assault Aviation Regiment (267th Assault Aviation Division, 1st Mixed Aviation Corps, 17th air force, Southwestern Front).

Born in 1919 in village No. 5 (Karkaraly district, Karaganda region, Republic of Kazakhstan). Kazakh. Incomplete secondary education. He worked on a collective farm. In the Armed Forces since 1940. Graduated from the Orenburg Military Aviation School.

In the active army during the Great Patriotic War from October 28, 1942. On December 19, 1942, pilot Sergeant Abdirov, pilot of 4 Il-2 aircraft, carrying out an order for a bombing and assault raid. As a result of his repeated attacks on the heavily fortified enemy line and a large concentration of tanks in the Bokovskaya-Ponomarevka area, he showed high skill and exceptional courage. With strong defensive anti-aircraft fire, the enemy tried to prevent our pilots from delivering targeted strikes to destroy fortifications, equipment and manpower. One after another, enemy anti-aircraft batteries were disabled. But one of the shells hit Sergeant Abdirov’s plane. The plane caught fire. Realizing that the burning car could not reach the airfield, the brave son of the Kazakh people, following the example of Captain N.F. Gastello, sent his plane into the thick of enemy tanks and died with his crew the death of a hero. During 16 combat missions, Nurken destroyed: 12 tanks, 28 vehicles with manpower and equipment, 18 wagons with ammunition, 1 tank with fuel, suppressed the fire of 3 anti-aircraft artillery guns. In the last sortie, he destroyed: up to 6 tanks, 2 ZA points, up to 20 enemy soldiers and officers.

By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated March 31, 1943, for this feat Sergeant Nurken Abdirov was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union (posthumously).

Awarded the Order of Lenin.

Buried in the village. Konkov (Bokovsky district, Rostov region).

A monument to the Hero was erected in Karaganda. During the war, the Nurken Abdirov aircraft was built at the expense of the workers of Karaganda and took part in battles.

ALEXEEV

BORIS PAVLOVICH

Junior lieutenant, in the Battle of Stalingrad he participated as deputy commander of the aviation squadron of the 808th assault aviation regiment (267th assault aviation division, 1st mixed aviation corps, 17th air army, Southwestern Front).

Born on June 6, 1913 in Perm. Russian. Graduated from incomplete high school and 1st year of construction technical school, worked as a driver in Ulyanovsk. In the Armed Forces since 1938. Graduated from the Ulyanovsk OSOAVIAKHIM school.

In the active army during the Great Patriotic War from October 1942, on December 19, 1942, Alekseev, leading 4 Il-2 aircraft in the Bokovskaya-Ponomarevka area, made a bold raid on a heavily fortified enemy line and a large concentration of his tanks. Despite the continuous barrage of enemy anti-aircraft fire and difficult weather conditions, the group successfully struck enemy units that were hindering the advance of our troops. As a result of these attacks, the following were destroyed: 12 tanks, 17 vehicles with cargo and manpower, up to 10 wagons with ammunition, 2 tanks with fuel, up to 2 platoons of infantry, and the fire of 2 anti-aircraft batteries was suppressed. An enemy shell destroyed the control surfaces of Alekseev’s plane, making it almost impossible to control the aircraft. With incredible efforts, Alekseev not only continued the flight, but controlled his wingmen by radio throughout the entire route. The desire to bring his own and the planes subordinate to him to Soviet territory occupied all his thoughts. And when Alekseev did this, the rudders completely failed and he died. During his 20 combat missions to attack the enemy as a leader, he always captivated his subordinates with his personal example and courage. He personally destroyed: 16 tanks, 32 vehicles, 23 carts with cargo, 7 bunkers, up to 15 horsemen, 4 ammunition depots and up to a company of enemy infantry.

By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of March 31, 1943, for the exemplary performance of combat missions of the command on the front of the fight against the German invaders and the courage and heroism shown, Boris Pavlovich Alekseev was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union (posthumously).

Awarded the Order of Lenin.

ALKIDOV

VLADIMIR YAKOVLEVICH

Lieutenant, participated in the Battle of Stalingrad as a flight commander of the 434th Fighter Aviation Regiment (8th Air Army, Stalingrad Front).

Born on August 12, 1920 in the village. Alkuzhi (Morshansky district of the Tambov region. Russian. Graduated from junior high school, worked as a mechanic. In the Armed Forces since 1939. Graduated from the Kachin Military Aviation School in 1940.

In the active army during the Great Patriotic War from the beginning of hostilities. In the battle for Stalingrad, Lieutenant Alkidov showed miracles of courage and bravery. With his skillful actions, he repeatedly aroused the admiration of his command and subordinates. He participated many times in conducting aerial reconnaissance, attacking enemy troops and airfields. Repeatedly, despite serious damage to the plane, he returned to his airfield. Vladimir Yakovlevich made 300 sorties in these battles and at the same time shot down 10 enemy aircraft.

By a decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated August 12, 1942, for the exemplary performance of combat missions of the command on the front of the fight against the German invaders and the courage and heroism shown, Vladimir Yakovlevich Alkidov was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.

In 1946, Captain Alkidov was transferred to the reserve. Lived in Slavyansk-on-Kuban.

Awarded 2 Orders of Lenin, Order of the Red Star, and medals.

ANDREEV

IVAN FEDOROVYCH

Captain, in the Battle of Stalingrad he participated as a flight commander of the 2nd Guards Aviation Regiment (3rd Aviation Division, long-range aviation).

Born on September 11, 1910 in the village. Aleksandrovka (Sechenovsky district, Nizhny Novgorod region). Russian. Graduated from junior high school. He studied at the Moscow OSOAVIAKHIM pilot school, then at the Tambov United Pilot School. Since 1932, pilot of the Moscow Directorate Civil aviation. In the Armed Forces since 1939. Participant in the Soviet-Finnish War of 1939-1940.

In the active army during the Great Patriotic War from the beginning of hostilities. By October 1942, he had flown 135 combat missions, 116 of them at night and 19 during the day. Bombed concentrations of railway trains with ammunition and motorized units at the stations of Bryansk, Vitebsk, Smolensk, Minsk, Gomel, Orel, Vilno, Kursk, Dvinsk, Pskov, Nevel, Dno, Sychevka, Shchigry, Vyazma, Baranovichi, Polotsk and others. Bombed accumulations enemy troops and manpower in the areas: Rzhev. Gzhatsk, Sychevka, Vitebsk, Stalingrad and others. On August 20 and September 13, 1942, respectively, they bombed military-industrial facilities in Warsaw and Bucharest. Despite heavy anti-aircraft artillery fire, he completed the task successfully on both flights. From September 17 to 27, 1942, Andreev’s crew took an active part in the defeat of enemy groups in the Stalingrad area, making 2 sorties per night, which amounted to 16 sorties. On September 20, he bombed a concentration of enemy troops in the Stalingrad area; as a result of the bombing, a strong explosion occurred - a direct hit on an ammunition depot.

By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated December 31, 1942, for the exemplary performance of combat missions of the command on the front of the fight against the German invaders and the courage and heroism shown, Ivan Fedorovich Andreev was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.

Awarded the Order of Lenin, 2 Orders of the Red Banner, 3 Orders of the Patriotic War, 1st degree, Order of the Red Star, and medals.

ANDREEV

NIKOLAI RODIONOVICH

Lieutenant, participated in the Battle of Stalingrad as commander of a tank platoon of the 1st battalion of the 6th tank brigade (Southwestern Front).

Born on August 7, 1921 in the village of Kuropleshevo (now Kologrivo, Slantsevsky district, Leningrad region). Russian. He graduated from junior high school and road-mechanical technical school. Worked as a technician at a machine and road station in Amur region. In the Armed Forces since 1940

In the active army during the Great Patriotic War from June 1941 on August 6, 1942, the enemy with a force of up to 70 tanks, up to a motorized infantry regiment and several divisions of heavy self-propelled and anti-tank artillery wedged into the location of our units and reached the railway in the area of ​​junction 74 of the Stalingradskaya areas. The tank battalion was given the task of attacking the enemy and knocking him out of the line he occupied. Enemy aircraft continuously bombed the battle formations of our tanks in massive raids. During the attack, Andreev, in his tank, was the first to break into a siding occupied by the enemy and came face to face with a column of German tanks, consisting of 20 vehicles. Andreev was not at a loss and entered the battle. Turning his tank around, he directed it in high gear along a column of enemy tanks, shooting them point-blank from a cannon. In this battle, he burned 5 tanks, knocked out 2 and destroyed 2 guns. The tank received minor damage, which was repaired by the crew. In total, Andreev had 27 destroyed tanks, several dozen guns and a large number of weapons and manpower of the Nazis.

By a decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated November 2, 1942, Nikolai Rodionovich Andreev was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union for the exemplary performance of combat missions of the command on the front of the fight against the German invaders and the courage and heroism shown.

In 1945 he graduated from the Military Academy of Armored and Mechanized Forces. Lieutenant General N.R. Andreev served in the Ural Military District, and then in the Main Personnel Directorate of the USSR Ministry of Defense.

Awarded the Order of Lenin, the October Revolution, the Patriotic War, 1st degree, the Red Banner of Labor, 3 Orders of the Red Star, the Order “For Service to the Motherland in the Armed Forces of the USSR”, 3rd degree, and medals.

ASLANOV

AZI AGADOVIC

Lieutenant Colonel, participated in the Battle of Stalingrad as commander of the 55th separate tank regiment(2nd Guards Army, Stalingrad Front).

Born on January 22, 1910 in Lankaran (Republic of Azerbaijan). Azerbaijani. Incomplete secondary education. In the Armed Forces since 1929. Graduated from the Leningrad Cavalry School, courses at the Military Academy armored forces. Participant in the Soviet-Finnish War of 1939-1940.

In the active army during the Great Patriotic War from June 1941, he particularly distinguished himself in the period December 15-19, 1942. The battle took place on a front 12-18 km wide. 4 of them were Aslanov’s tanks. From the bottom of the ravine, the tankers clearly saw the crest of the hill and the enemy vehicles on it. The beam became the dominant position for tankers. Aslanov's only order in those days was to fight from an ambush. Maneuvering along the beam and on the reverse slopes of the height, the tankers were inaccessible to direct shots from the enemy. At the same time, any enemy vehicle that appeared above the beam came under targeted fire. Over four days of continuous fighting, Aslanov’s tankers knocked out about 100 enemy tanks. The engines did not turn off at night either. The tankers dozed and ate food without leaving their vehicles. The hardest day was December 20th. There was no infantry, and German machine gunners had already reached the northern outskirts of the village. Verkhnekumsky. Then Aslanov removed one person from each vehicle and formed a foot detachment to support the tanks. And only when the enemy broke through and occupied the village, Aslanov received the order to retreat. The next day he restored the situation again.

By a decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated December 22, 1942, Azi Agadovich Aslanov was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union for the exemplary performance of combat missions of the command on the front of the fight against the German invaders and for the courage and heroism shown.

Later, Guard Major General A. A. Aslanov commanded the 35th Tank Brigade. In one of the battles on Lithuanian soil on January 25, 1945, he was mortally wounded.

Monuments to the Hero were erected in Baku and on the territory of the state farm bearing his name in the Lankaran region. Officers' houses in Baku and Volgograd are named after him. A house-museum of the Hero was created in Lankaran.

Awarded the Order of Lenin, 3 Orders of the Red Banner, Order of Suvorov 2nd degree, Order of Alexander Nevsky, Order of the Patriotic War 1st degree, 2 Orders of the Red Star, medals.

BABKOV

VASILY PETROVICH

Captain, participated in the Battle of Stalingrad as a navigator of the 434th Fighter Aviation Regiment (Stalingrad Front).

Born on April 14, 1918 in the village. Kushugum (now the town of Zaporozhye district, Zaporozhye region, Republic of Ukraine). Ukrainian. Graduated from junior high school. He worked as an electrician at the Zaporizhstal metallurgical plant. In the Armed Forces since 1937 after graduating from the Borisoglebsk Military Aviation School of Pilots.

In the active army during the Great Patriotic War from June 1941. By August 1942, he made 287 combat sorties, of which 68 were accompanied by air battles, in most cases with superior enemy forces, and 16 sorties to attack troops. During the fighting, Captain Babkov received 6 wounds, 3 of which were serious, and, despite this, continued to carry out combat missions. In air battles, he personally destroyed 11 enemy aircraft and 9 in a group with his comrades. Participating in battles on the Southwestern Front during June-July, making 6-7 sorties a day, he personally destroyed 3 Yu-87 and 1 Me-109 aircraft. Despite his injuries, he refused hospitalization and continued to fly. On July 26, in an air battle on the Stalingrad front, a group led by Vasily, consisting of 8 aircraft, entered into battle with 57 enemy aircraft and destroyed 11 enemy aircraft, without suffering any losses.

By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated November 23, 1942, Vasily Petrovich Babkov was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union for the exemplary performance of combat missions of the command on the front of the fight against the German invaders and the courage and heroism shown.

In 1950 he graduated from the Air Force Academy, in 1956 from the Military Academy of the General Staff. Colonel General of Aviation V.P. Babkov, retired since 1986.

Awarded 2 Orders of Lenin, Order of the October Revolution, 2 Orders of the Red Banner, Order of Alexander Nevsky, 2 Orders of the Patriotic War 1st degree, 2 Orders of the Red Star, Order “For Service to the Motherland in the Armed Forces of the USSR” 3rd degree, medals, foreign orders.

CORMORANT

ANDREY YAKOVLEVICH

Senior lieutenant, participated in the Battle of Stalingrad as a flight commander of the 434th Fighter Aviation Regiment (16th Air Army, Stalingrad Front).

Born on July 23, 1917 in the village of Kalinovka (Zhovtnevsky district, Nikolaev region, Republic of Ukraine). Ukrainian. Graduated from 2 courses of evening workers' faculty. He worked as a marker at the Nikolaev shipbuilding plant. In the Armed Forces since 1938 after graduating from the Odessa Military Aviation School. Participant in the Soviet-Finnish War of 1939-1940.

In the active army during the Great Patriotic War from June 1941. By October 1942, he made 400 combat missions, of which 57 sorties were to attack enemy troops, tanks and motorized columns. For the successful execution of the assault operations, the group in which he acted was awarded with thanks from the People's Commissar of Defense and the Commander-in-Chief of the South-Western direction, Marshal of the Soviet Union S. K. Timoshenko. On the most intense days of combat work, he made 5-7 combat missions, and almost all of them were accompanied by air battles. As part of a fighter flight, he fought an unprecedented battle in the history of air battles with 18 enemy bombers and 9 fighters, as a result of which 5 enemy aircraft were shot down, 2 of which were shot down by him personally. Taking part in hostilities on the Southwestern Front, he fought a fearless battle against 7 enemy fighters, shot down 2 Me-109fs and, being seriously wounded, brought his plane to the airfield. He personally shot down 13 enemy aircraft and 23 in a group with other pilots.

By a decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated November 23, 1942, Andrei Yakovlevich Baklan was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union for the exemplary performance of combat missions of the command on the front of the fight against the German invaders and for the courage and heroism shown.

After the war he commanded a squadron and an aviation regiment. In 1952 he graduated from the Air Force Academy. Since 1957 he has been teaching. Colonel A. Ya. Baklan, retired since 1963. He worked as the head of the department of the regional communications department in Pskov.

Awarded 2 Orders of Lenin, Orders of the Red Banner, Suvorov 3rd degree, Patriotic War 1st degree, Red Star, medals.

BALASHOV

VASILY DMITRIEVICH

Captain, participated in the Battle of Stalingrad as deputy squadron commander of the 8th Reconnaissance Aviation Regiment (8th Air Army, Stalingrad Front).

Born on February 10, 1921 in the Dor farmstead (Rzhevsky district, Tver region). Russian. He graduated from junior high school, worked as a mechanic in the Armed Forces since 1938. In 1940 he graduated from the Voroshilovgrad Military Aviation Pilot School

In the active army during the Great Patriotic War since 1941. In the battle for Stalingrad he showed unparalleled courage and bravery. With his skillful actions he repeatedly aroused admiration from his command and subordinates. Many times he participated in conducting aerial reconnaissance during the day and at night to identify concentrations of troops, defensive structures and the movement of enemy echelons. Repeatedly, despite serious damage to the plane, he returned to his airfield. By May 1943, he made 210 successful combat missions to reconnaissance enemy troops and communications. In the battles near Stalingrad, he carried out 45 combat missions, photographing the territory with total area 14.5 thousand sq. km.

By a decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated August 24, 1943, Vasily Dmitrievich Balashov was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union for the exemplary performance of combat missions of the command on the front of the fight against the German invaders and the courage and heroism shown.

After the war he worked in the DOSAAF system. In 1967, Colonel V.D. Balashov retired to the reserve. Lived in Krasnodar.

BARANOV

MIKHAIL DMITRIEVICH

Senior lieutenant, in the Battle of Stalingrad he participated as a flight commander of the 183rd Fighter Aviation Regiment (269th Fighter Aviation Division, 8th Air Army, Southwestern Front).

Born on October 21, 1921 in the village of Gorki (Kingisepsky district, Leningrad region). Russian. He graduated from junior high school and worked as a turner at the plant named after. CM. Kirov in Leningrad. Graduated from the Central Aero Club. In the Armed Forces since 1939. In 1940 he graduated from the Chuguev Military Aviation School of Pilots.

In the active army during the Great Patriotic War from June 1941, he opened his combat account of enemy aircraft shot down by him in 1941. When he was returning to the airfield after his first victory, four enemy fighters suddenly appeared near him. They walked across the Soviet pilot. Fuel was running out. And then the unexpected happened. Baranov abruptly threw the car to the side and rushed towards the Nazis. The Messers scattered, stunned by the daring maneuver of the Soviet pilot, and one of them even went to land. He shot down several more planes and in the fall of 1941 was awarded the Order of the Red Banner, and soon a second one. And then trouble came. Returning from a combat mission, Mikhail came across five enemy fighters. Ammunition was running out, but the pilot took on an unequal battle. Having struck the enemy plane with the last burst, he immediately felt a dull pain in his leg and saw that his car was on fire. When landing by parachute, the impact on the ground occurred wounded leg and he lost consciousness. Having overcome enemy-occupied territory with great difficulty, Mikhail reached our hospital. The doctors had only one verdict - amputation of the leg. But the brave pilot rejected him. After undergoing several difficult operations, Baranov returned to duty. On August 13, 1942, the newspaper Pravda, in correspondence about air battles on the Don, reported: “Senior Lieutenant Mikhail Baranov is an outstanding fighter pilot. The other day, in just one battle, he shot down 4 German planes. He rammed the last enemy plane.” By June 1942, Baranov had made 176 combat missions, personally shot down 24 enemy aircraft and destroyed 6 at airfields.

By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated August 12, 1942, for the exemplary performance of combat missions of the command on the front of the fight against the German invaders and the courage and heroism shown, Mikhail Dmitrievich Baranov was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.

He died on January 17, 1943, after ramming an enemy plane. He was buried in Kotelnikovo (Volgograd region). A monument was erected at the grave. The exhibits of the Volgograd Defense Museum tell about the Hero’s feat. A street in Volgograd is named after him. A memorial plaque was installed in the town of Slantsy (Leningrad Region).

Awarded the Order of Lenin, 2 Orders of the Red Banner.

BASHKIROV

VYACHESLAV FILIPPOVICH

Political instructor, in the Battle of Stalingrad he participated as a military commissar of the squadron of the 788th Fighter Aviation Regiment (102nd Fighter Aviation Division, Air Defense Forces of the country).

Born on April 22, 1915 in the village. Lukashevka (Kurchatovsky district Kursk region). Russian. He graduated from the pilot school at the Central Aero Club in 1935, then from the school of pilot instructors. He worked in Moscow as a design engineer for the Aeroproject GVF. He graduated from the All-Union Industrial Institute in 1940. In the Armed Forces since 1940. He graduated from the Chuguev Military Pilot School in 1941, then the courses for military commissars in the city of Bataysk, Rostov Region.

In the active army during the Great Patriotic War since 1941, the military commissar of the squadron, V. F. Bashkirov, defending the city of Stalingrad from German vultures, in air battles, with his combat example, inspired his flight personnel to military exploits. In August 1942, Vyacheslav shot down 6 enemy aircraft, of which 4 Yu-88 and 2 Me-109 f. Bashkirov's squadron shot down 18 enemy aircraft in the same month.

By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated February 8, 1943, for the exemplary performance of combat missions of the command on the front of the fight against the German invaders and the courage and heroism shown, Vyacheslav Filippovich Bashkirov was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.

After the war he continued to serve in the Air Defense Forces. In 1950 he graduated in absentia from the Higher Party School under the CPSU Central Committee. In 1955, the Air Force Academy. In 1966, Major General V.F. Bashkirov retired to the reserve. Lived in Moscow. He worked as the head of the Central House of Aviation and Cosmonautics.

Awarded the Order of Lenin, 2 Orders of the Red Banner, Order of the Red Banner of Labor, 2 Orders of the Patriotic War 1st degree, Order of the Red Star, medals.

Bezmenov

VASILY IVANOVYCH

Senior lieutenant, participated in the Battle of Stalingrad as deputy battery commander for political affairs of the 915th artillery regiment(346th Infantry Division, 5th tank army, Southwestern Front).

Born in 1913 in the village of Maltino (Karachevsky district, Bryansk region). Ukrainian. In the Armed Forces since 1939

In the active army during the Great Patriotic War from June 1941. In combat operations in the Smolensk direction on July 18, 1941 he was wounded. Deputy battery commander for political affairs, senior lieutenant Vasily Ivanovich Bezmenov, distinguished himself in the battle near Stalingrad for the state farm named after. Stalin on January 4, 1943. In the course of repelling the onslaught of the enemy, who was trying to get out of the encirclement, Bezmenov, commanding the battery, gave commands to destroy the enemy with direct fire and point-blank gun fire when the Nazis approached at a distance of up to 50 m. Having no support from our infantry and having fired all the shells, he ordered the battery personnel not to retreat, but to continue the battle. Using the available personal weapons, the batteries continued to carry out the combat mission. The brave commissar, being wounded in both legs, continued to give orders to render the material part of the guns unusable so that they would not fall to the enemy. The enemy, with the strength of a battalion, attacked the artillery stronghold, brutally dealing with the artillerymen. Not wanting to be captured, Bezmenov shot himself. In this battle, the battery under the command of the commissar destroyed up to 200 fascist soldiers and officers with its fire.

By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated March 31, 1943, for the exemplary performance of combat missions of the command on the front of the fight against the German invaders and the courage and heroism shown, Vasily Ivanovich Bezmenov was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union (posthumously).

He was buried at the central estate of the Rossiya state farm (Morozovsky district, Rostov region).

Awarded the Order of Lenin.

BELIK

PETER ALEXEEVICH

Lieutenant Colonel, participated in the Battle of Stalingrad as commander of the 8th separate motorcycle regiment (5th Tank Army, Southwestern Front).

Born on October 6, 1909 in the village. Zhukovtsy (Obukhovsky district, Kyiv region, Republic of Ukraine). Ukrainian. In the Armed Forces since 1927. Graduated from the Kyiv Infantry School in 1930, Moscow Armored Command Improvement Courses in 1932.

In the active army during the Great Patriotic War from June 1941, he particularly distinguished himself on November 19, 1942. The 8th motorcycle regiment in the Bolshaya Klinovaya section was introduced into a breakthrough with the task of destroying the headquarters and communications of the enemy group, convoys and suitable reserves. The motorcycle regiment completed the task assigned to the regiment by the army command brilliantly. For 8 days, in a raid deep behind enemy lines, the regiment destroyed his headquarters, institutions, warehouses with ammunition, weapons and food. Lieutenant Colonel P. A. Belik, skillfully managing the combat operations of the regiment, achieved great success in defeating the enemy. The regiment destroyed 3 regimental headquarters, killed 800 and captured 1,100 enemy soldiers and officers, destroyed 7 warehouses with ammunition and food, 247 vehicles, 470 carts, blew up the railway track and the communication line on the Stalingrad-Lekhaya stretch. A successful raid on an enemy airfield in the area of ​​the Oblivskaya settlement destroyed 9 aircraft, knocked out and burned 14 tanks, 16 self-propelled guns, 15 anti-tank guns, the train was fired upon, 6 wagons with ammunition were burned. Through its actions, the regiment contributed to the defeat of the enemy and the introduction of panic and confusion into its ranks. Lieutenant Colonel Belik constantly showed miracles of courage and heroism during the raid.

By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated February 14, 1943, for the exemplary performance of combat missions of the command on the front of the fight against the German invaders and the courage and heroism shown, Pyotr Alekseevich Belik was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.

In 1953 he graduated from the Higher Academic Courses at the Military Academy of the General Staff. In 1960-1966. 1st Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the Group of Soviet Forces in Germany. Since 1966, commander of the Transbaikal Military District. Army General (1969).

Awarded 3 Orders of Lenin, Order of the October Revolution, 4 Orders of the Red Banner, Order of Suvorov 3rd degree, Order of the Red Star, “For Service to the Motherland in the Armed Forces of the USSR” 3rd degree, medals, foreign orders.

BELYASNIK

PETER NIKIFOROVICH

Captain, in the Battle of Stalingrad he participated as a navigator of the 126th Fighter Aviation Regiment (6th Fighter Aviation Corps, National Air Defense Forces).

Born on December 21, 1917 in the village. Vovna (Shostkinsky district, Sumy region, Republic of Ukraine). Ukrainian. Incomplete secondary education. He worked as a turner at a factory in Makhachkala. In the Armed Forces since 1939. Graduated from the Kachin Military Aviation Pilot School in 1940.

In the active army during the Great Patriotic War since 1941. An excellent fighter pilot. Courageous and brave air fighter. By February 1943, he had flown 250 combat missions, of which 59 were attack missions, 15 were reconnaissance missions, and 37 were escorting attack aircraft and bombers. Spent 78 air battles, in which he personally shot down 9 and in the group 17 enemy aircraft. By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated August 9, 1941, he was awarded the Order of the Red Banner for downing enemy aircraft: 3 personally and 7 in group battles. Captain Belyasnik made 123 sorties to carry out combat missions, including: reconnaissance - 15, attack - 15, escort - 37. He conducted 33 air battles, in which he personally shot down 6 and in a group 10 enemy aircraft. Personally shot down on August 15, 1941 1 Yu-88, August 16 1 XE-111, August 31, 1942 4 Me-109 (in the Stalingrad area), including 4 enemy aircraft shot down in group battles during the defense of Stalingrad.

By a decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated April 28, 1943, for the exemplary performance of combat missions of the command on the front of the fight against the German invaders and the courage and heroism shown, Pyotr Nikiforovich Belyasnik was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.

After the war, at flight test work. Honored Test Pilot of the USSR. In 1966, Colonel P.N. Belyasnik retired to the reserve.

Awarded the Order of Lenin, the Red Banner, the 1st degree of the Patriotic War, 2 Orders of the Red Star, and medals.

BIBISHEV

IVAN FROLOVICH

Lieutenant, participated in the Battle of Stalingrad as deputy squadron commander of the 285th Assault Aviation Regiment (288th Assault Aviation Division, 16th Air Army, Don Front).

Born on August 8, 1921 in the village. Kamakuzha (Insarsky district of the Republic of Mordovia). Russian. Graduated from a special school. He worked as a meteorologist in Magnitogorsk. In the Armed Forces since September 1940. Graduated from the Chkalov Military Aviation Pilot School in 1942.

In the active army during the Great Patriotic War from May 26, 1942. First baptism of fire received on June 11, 1942 on the Southwestern Front in a combat mission in a group of Il-2 aircraft to defeat an enemy motorized mechanized column, as a result the column was scattered, and up to 20 burning vehicles and 5 tanks remained on the battlefield. On June 15, in group 6 Ilov, 27 tanks and 63 vehicles were destroyed as a result of the attack, which was confirmed by a message from the Sovinformburo. On July 1, 1942, he destroyed 4 vehicles, 2 anti-aircraft artillery points and a river crossing. Oskol. From July 28, Bibishev took part in battles on the Stalingrad and Don fronts. On August 12, in a group of 13 aircraft, he carried out a raid on the enemy Oblinskaya airfield, where he destroyed 4 enemy aircraft, which was confirmed by intelligence data and photographs. On August 20, in one go, he destroyed the river crossing. Don. In October 1942, in the area of ​​Kletskaya and Tsimlyanskaya settlements, during heavy barrage fire from enemy anti-aircraft artillery at the airfields of B. Rossoshka, Pitomnik, Morozovsky, he destroyed 16 aircraft. From January 10, 1943, during the final liquidation of the encircled group, he made 3-4 combat sorties a day, and the result of each was irreparable damage to the enemy. On January 18, 1943, during an attack on the Gumrak airfield near Stalingrad, he was shot down and sent the car engulfed in flames into the parking lot of enemy aircraft.

By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated August 24, 1943, for the exemplary performance of combat missions of the command on the front of the fight against the German invaders and the courage and heroism shown, Ivan Frolovich Bibishev was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union (posthumously).

Awarded the Order of Lenin, the Red Banner, and the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree.

A street in the city of Insar (Republic of Mordovia), street and school No. 8 in the city of Magnitogorsk bear his name; in this city, a memorial plaque was installed on the house where the Hero lived.

SWAMP

PETER OSIPOVICH

Guard junior sergeant, in the Battle of Stalingrad he participated as the first number of the anti-tank rifle crew of the 84th Guards Rifle Regiment (33rd Guards Rifle Division, 60th Army, Stalingrad Front).

Born on June 22, 1909 in the village of Baydovka (Starobelsky district, Voroshilovgrad region, Republic of Ukraine). Ukrainian. Worked in a mine. In the Armed Forces since 1941

In the active army during the Great Patriotic War from 1941, the Guard junior sergeant P. O. Boloto, being the first number of the PTR crew, together with fighters Samoilov, Belikov and Aleinikov, occupied the road with 2 anti-tank rifles at the junction of the defense area of ​​the 3rd and 2nd th battalions of the regiment. On July 23, 1942, 30 enemy tanks, separated from the total mass of 250 tanks, broke into the 2nd battalion's location and began to enter the flank and rear of the 3rd battalion and the second echelons of the regiment. Two heroic crews, surrounded by 30 tanks, did not retreat a single step and opened fire. Well-aimed shots they destroyed 15 enemy tanks and turned the rest back. In this battle, Peter personally knocked out 8 tanks. At the beginning of the battle, he told his comrades: “It is better to die, but not to let the enemy get to Stalingrad.” On a piece of paper they wrote: “A cloud of German tanks is moving towards us. If we die, consider us communists.” By heroically defending their positions, Pyotr Boloto and his comrades prevented the breakthrough of German tanks to Stalingrad.

By a decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of November 5, 1942, for the exemplary performance of combat missions of the command on the front of the fight against the German invaders and the courage and heroism shown, Pyotr Osipovich Boloto was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.

Awarded the Order of Lenin, the Order of the Patriotic War, 2nd degree, and medals.

In 1948, Guard Senior Lieutenant P. O. Boloto retired to the reserve. Lived in the city of Gorskoye (Voroshilovgrad region), worked at the Gorskaya mine.

BORODIN

ALEXEY IVANOVICH

Senior lieutenant, in the Battle of Stalingrad he participated as the head of the air rifle service of the 504th assault aviation regiment (226th assault aviation division, 8th air army, Southern Front).

Born on March 30, 1917 in the village. Oktyabrsky (Belinsky district, Penza region). Russian. He graduated from high school in 1938. He entered the Perm Agricultural Institute. In the Armed Forces since 1939. In 1940 he graduated from the Perm Military Aviation School

In the active army during the Great Patriotic War from October 4, 1941. By February 1943, he made 60 combat sorties to attack airfields, concentrations of enemy manpower and equipment, of which 27 combat sorties directly to defend Stalingrad. With his skillful actions he caused enormous damage to the enemy. Personally destroyed and damaged 2 aircraft, 15 tanks, over 100 vehicles, 7 guns of various calibers and about 200 enemy soldiers and officers. Each combat mission was an example of exceptional courage and perseverance, the ability to find a target, evaluate it and hit it accurately. He showed particular valor during the battles for Stalingrad. So, on September 13, 1942, as part of nine Il-2s, they stormed a large concentration of enemy motorized mechanized troops and manpower in the Voropanovo-Peschanka area. Despite the hurricane fire of anti-aircraft artillery, the group destroyed and damaged up to 15 tanks, about 30 vehicles and over 50 fascist soldiers and officers in 4 passes. When Borodin's car was hit by an anti-aircraft shell, the steering wheel was broken and pierced left-hand side rudder depth. But, despite the damage, he landed the plane safely at his airfield. He was slightly wounded.

By a decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated May 1, 1943, for the exemplary performance of combat missions of the Command on the front of the fight against the German invaders and the courage and heroism shown, Alexei Ivanovich Borodin was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.

In 1945 he graduated from the courses for assistant commanders of Air Force regiments, in 1953 from the Air Force Engineering Academy. N. E. Zhukovsky. In 1963, Colonel A.I. Borodin retired to the reserve. Lived in Penza. On the building of a secondary school in the village. A memorial plaque was installed in the Belinsky district.

Awarded the Order of Lenin, 3 Orders of the Red Banner, Order of Alexander Nevsky, 2 Orders of the Patriotic War 1st degree, Order of the Red Star, medals.

FAST

BORIS STEPANOVYCH

Senior lieutenant, in the Battle of Stalingrad he participated as a flight commander of the 99th Bomber Aviation Regiment (270th Bomber Aviation Division, 8th Air Army, Stalingrad Front).

Born on March 28, 1916 at the station. Mysovaya is now within the city of Babushkin (Republic of Buryatia). Russian. He graduated from 8 grades and the Balashov Civil Air Fleet School. Since 1939, pilot of the Tyumen Aviation Enterprise. In the Armed Forces since 1940

In the active army during the Great Patriotic War from June 1941, Senior Lieutenant Bystrykh made 168 combat missions by September 1, 1942, of which 35 were reconnaissance missions to enemy troops and airfields. On July 13, 1942, while carrying out a reconnaissance mission, in the area of ​​​​the Olshana settlement, he discovered an enemy airfield, where there were up to 130 aircraft different types. Despite anti-aircraft fire and fighter patrols, the airfield was photographed. On July 28, 1942, he received a new task: to carry out visual reconnaissance on the Kalach-Tsimlyansk section to establish the front line and the direction of movement of enemy tanks. Reconnaissance was carried out from a height of 800 m, all detected data was transmitted by radio. Unexpectedly, the crew was attacked by 3 enemy fighters. The plane was shot down and caught fire 40 km from the front line. The plane reached the front line and, when the car began to fall apart, the crew jumped out with parachutes. When landing, Bystrykh and the radio operator received severe bruises, and the navigator died. Having recovered, Boris already on August 8 carried out a reconnaissance mission in the area south of the Kalach settlement. Having discovered an enemy airfield, where there were about 100 aircraft, he immediately informed the command, and they immediately sent attack aircraft. By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of September 11, 1941, he was awarded the Order of the Red Banner, by order of the commander of the Southwestern Front - the Order of Lenin (order of June 17, 1942).

By a decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated November 5, 1942, Boris Stepanovich Bystrykh was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union for the exemplary performance of combat missions of the command on the front of the fight against the German invaders and the courage and heroism shown.

Killed on June 3, 1943 during a forced landing on enemy territory. Buried in the village. Prolysovo (Navlinsky district, Bryansk region).

VASILIEV

VLADIMIR ALEXANDROVICH

Guard sergeant, participated in the Battle of Stalingrad as a squad commander of the 130th Guards Rifle Regiment (44th Guards Rifle Division, 1st Guards Army, Southwestern Front).

Born in 1921 in the village. Biyavash (Oktyabrsky district, Perm region). Russian. Worked in Sverdlovsk. In the Armed Forces since 1941

In the active army during the Great Patriotic War from 1942, Sergeant Vasiliev especially distinguished himself, acting as part of a group of 13 people led by company commander I. S. Likunov. The group, despite hurricane machine-gun and mortar fire and the numerical superiority of the enemy, overcame a wire fence and a wall of snow and broke into the outskirts of the railway village. Donskoy (now the village of Krasnovka, Tarasovsky district, Rostov region) and with a swift attack captured 3 houses on its outskirts. The Germans, having recovered from the unexpected attack, devoted significant forces to destroy the brave men. The soldiers repelled numerous enemy attacks and continued to fire even when the Nazis set fire to houses. Despite the flames from the burning houses, not a single fighter came out, and everyone continued to fight until the ammunition ran out. In this battle, all the personnel died, but they coped with the task. The main forces took the village, suffering minor losses.

By a decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated March 31, 1943, for the exemplary performance of combat missions of the command on the front of the fight against the German invaders and the courage and heroism shown, Vladimir Aleksandrovich Vasiliev was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union (posthumously).

Buried in the village. Krasnovka, where a monument to the Heroes was erected. There is a memorial plaque on the school building in his home village. In Moscow, at the Central Museum of the Armed Forces, a stand “Thirteen Heroes of Krasnovka” is equipped.

Awarded the Order of Lenin.

VLASOV

NIKOLAY IVANOVICH

Lieutenant Colonel, participated in the Battle of Stalingrad as a senior inspector for fighter aircraft Inspections Air Force Red Army.

Born on November 11, 1916 in Petrograd (now St. Petersburg). Russian. He graduated from junior high school and secondary school. He worked as a mechanic at the Leningrad Foundry plant. In the Armed Forces since 1934. Graduated from the Kachin Military Aviation School in 1936.

In the active army during the Great Patriotic War from June 22, 1941. By November 1942, on I-16, MiG-3 and Yak-1 aircraft, he made 220 combat missions with a total duration of 165 combat hours, of which: assault operations of troops and enemy airfields - 9, to cover troops and crossings - 95, to intercept enemy air - 60, to escort attack aircraft - 30 and for reconnaissance - 26. Participating in 27 air battles, fearlessly destroying enemy air, he personally shot down 10 aircraft, of which: 5 bombers, 2 spotters and 3 fighters. Distinctive features Lieutenant Colonel Vlasov had unparalleled courage, bravery, composure and perseverance. On August 18, while pursuing an enemy reconnaissance aircraft and having received damage to the small arms of his aircraft in battle, he rammed the enemy aircraft, preventing it from leaving the front line. On July 20, 1942, having received the task of removing the downed Hero of the Soviet Union, Lieutenant N.L. Dymchenko, from the German rear, despite the large accumulation of anti-aircraft weapons and enemy fighters in the area, he brilliantly completed the task on a U-2 aircraft. For ramming and successful combat missions on the Stalingrad Front he was awarded the Order of Lenin. The award sheet for conferring the title of Hero of the Soviet Union was signed by the head of the Air Force Inspectorate, Lieutenant Colonel V. I. Stalin (son of I. V. Stalin). During the fighting he received two wounds and a concussion.

By a decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated March 23, 1943, Nikolai Ivanovich Vlasov was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union for the exemplary performance of combat missions of the command on the front of the fight against the German invaders and the courage and heroism shown.

On June 29, 1943 he was shot down and taken prisoner in an unconscious state. He was in the concentration camps of Würzburg, Dachau, and Mauthausen. He was one of the leaders of the underground. Shot on January 9, 1945. Enlisted forever in the lists of the military unit. A school and a street in Moscow bear his name. A museum was created at school No. 516 in St. Petersburg.

Awarded 2 Orders of Lenin and the Order of the Red Banner.

GERASIMOV

INNOKENTY PETROVICH

Political instructor, in the Battle of Stalingrad he participated as a military commissar of an anti-tank rifle company of the 101st Guards Rifle Regiment (35th Guards Rifle Division, 62nd Army, Stalingrad Front).

Born on December 22, 1918 in the village. In memory of 13 Fighters (now the village Krasnoyarsk Territory). Russian. Graduated from the Krasnoyarsk school of military technicians railway transport. In the Armed Forces since 1941

In the active army during the Great Patriotic War from August 1941, on August 22, 1942, at the Voroponovo station (now the town of Gorkovsky, Volgograd region) he led a group of 10 armor-piercing soldiers and a platoon of machine gunners. IN Hard time battle, when a handful of people confronted 20 enemy tanks, Gerasimov picked up an anti-tank rifle and, together with the soldiers, repelled the first and subsequent attacks. After repelling the first attack, 5 enemy tanks were burned. After this, the strong point was subjected to massive attacks by enemy aviation and artillery. The political instructor told his brave men: “Not a step back! The guardsmen are obliged to prove that they are not afraid of either tanks or aircraft.” While repelling the second attack, the political instructor was seriously wounded. The guards repelled the tank attack - and 7 more tanks remained burned on the battlefield. The remaining soldiers lifted the wounded Gerasimov in their arms and showed him how the remaining soldiers left the battlefield. German tanks. And then Gerasimov shouted: “Well, who else wants to go to Stalingrad?!”

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Chapter 5 Foreign intelligence officers - heroes of the Soviet Union and heroes

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Losses of the parties in the Battle of Stalingrad In order to determine the losses of the parties during the Battle of Stalingrad, it is necessary first of all to determine the total amount of losses of the parties during the Second World War. Since the official assessment of the irretrievable losses of the Red Army during the years

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Heroes of the Battle of Stalingrad

Stalingrad...The Great Battle, where two great armies collided. A city that claimed more than two million lives within 5 months. The Germans considered it hell on Earth. Soviet propaganda spoke of the death of one in this city German soldier per second. However, it was he who became the turning point of the Great Patriotic War and, without a doubt, became the personification of the feat of the Red Army. So who are they...Great Heroes of the Great Battle?

Military statistics calculated that during the battle in Stalingrad the enemy spent an average of about 100 thousand shells, bombs, and mines per kilometer of the front, or 100 per meter, respectively. A burnt mill building with empty window sockets will tell descendants more eloquently than any words about the horrors of war, that peace was won at a high price.

Nikolay Panipakha

He was buried on the Mamayev Kurgan. Through the roar of shots and shell explosions, the clanging of caterpillars could be heard more and more clearly. By this time, Panikaha had already used up all his grenades. He only had two bottles of flammable mixture left. He leaned out of the trench and swung, aiming the bottle at the nearest tank. At that moment, a bullet broke the bottle raised above his head. The warrior flared up like a living torch. But the hellish pain did not cloud his consciousness. He grabbed the second bottle. The tank was nearby. And everyone saw how a burning man jumped out of the trench, ran close to the fascist tank and hit the grille of the engine hatch with a bottle. An instant - and a huge flash of fire and smoke consumed the hero along with the fascist car he set on fire. This heroic feat of Mikhail Panikakh immediately became known to all the soldiers of the 62nd Army.

Hero of the Battle of Stalingrad - Vasily Grigorievich Zaitsev

In the battles of the Great Patriotic War from September 1942. Sniper rifle received from the hands of the commander of his 1047th regiment, Metelev, a month later, along with the medal "For Courage". By that time, Zaitsev had killed 32 Nazis from a simple “three-line rifle”. In the period from November 10 to December 17, 1942, in the battles for Stalingrad, he killed 225 soldiers and officers of the pr-ka, including 11 snipers (among whom was Heinz Horwald). Directly on the front line, he taught sniper work to soldiers in the commanders, trained 28 snipers. In January 1943, Zaitsev was seriously wounded. Professor Filatov saved his sight in a Moscow hospital.

Having received the Star of the Hero of the Soviet Union in the Kremlin, Zaitsev returned to the front. He finished the war on the Dniester with the rank of captain. During the war, Zaitsev wrote two textbooks for snipers, and also invented the still used technique of sniper hunting with “sixes” - when three pairs of snipers (a shooter and an observer) cover the same battle zone with fire. After the war he was demobilized. He worked as director of the Kyiv Machine-Building Plant.

The feat of Nikolai Serdyukov

On April 17, 1943, junior sergeant, commander of the rifle squad of the 44th Guards Rifle Regiment of the 15th Guards Rifle Division, Nikolai Filippovich SERDIUKOV was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union for military exploits in the Battle of Stalingrad. It was necessary to silence the enemy's firing points. Lieutenant V.M. Osipov and junior lieutenant A.S. Belykh undertook to complete this task. Grenades were thrown. The pillboxes fell silent. But in the snow, not far from them, two commanders, two communists, two guardsmen remained lying forever.

When the Soviet soldiers rose to attack, the third pillbox spoke. Komsomol member N. Serdyukov turned to the company commander: “Allow me, Comrade Lieutenant.” He was short and looked like a boy in a long soldier's overcoat. Having received permission from the commander, Serdyukov crawled to the third pillbox under a hail of bullets. He threw one and two grenades, but they did not reach the target. In full view of the guards, the hero, rising to his full height, rushed to the embrasure of the pillbox. The enemy's machine gun fell silent, the guards rushed towards the enemy. The street and school where he studied are named after the 18-year-old hero of Stalingrad. His name is included forever in the lists of personnel of one of the units of the Volgograd garrison.

The feat of signalman Matvey Putilov

The feat of Matvey Putilov When communication stopped on Mamayev Kurgan at the most intense moment of the battle, an ordinary signalman of the 308th Infantry Division, Matvey Putilov, went to repair the broken wire. While restoring the damaged communication line, both his hands were crushed by mine fragments. Losing consciousness, he tightly clamped the ends of the wire with his teeth. Communication was restored. For this feat, Matvey was posthumously awarded the Order of the Patriotic War, II degree. His communication reel was passed on to the best signalmen of the 308th division.

The feat of the defenders of Pavlov's House

The heroic story of this house is as follows. During the bombing of the city, all the buildings in the square were destroyed and only one 4-story building miraculously survived. From the upper floors it was possible to observe it and keep the enemy-occupied part of the city under fire (up to 1 km to the west, and even further in the northern and southern directions). Thus, the house acquired important tactical importance in the defense zone of the 42nd regiment. Fulfilling the order of the commander, Colonel I.P. Elin, at the end of September, Sergeant Ya.F. Pavlov with three soldiers entered the house and found about 30 civilians in it - women, old people, children. The scouts occupied the house and held it for two days. On the third day, reinforcements arrived to help the brave four. The garrison of “Pavlov’s House” (as it began to be called on the operational maps of the division or regiment) consisted of a machine-gun platoon under the command of Guard Lieutenant I.F. Afanasyev (7 people and one heavy machine gun), a group of armor-piercing men led by assistant guard platoon commander Senior Sergeant A. A. Sobgaida (6 people and three anti-tank rifles), 7 submachine gunners under the command of Sergeant Ya. F. Pavlov, four mortar men (2 mortars) under the command of junior lieutenant A. N. Chernyshenko. There are 24 people in total. The soldiers adapted the house for all-round defense. The firing points were moved outside of it, and underground communication passages were made to them. Sappers from the side of the square mined the approaches to the house, placing anti-tank and anti-personnel mines. The skillful organization of home defense and the heroism of the soldiers allowed the small garrison to successfully repel enemy attacks for 58 days.

Not far from the “Pavlov’s House”, on the banks of the Volga, among new bright buildings stands the terrible, war-damaged building of the mill named after. Grudinin (Grudinin K.N. - Bolshevik worker. He worked at the mill as a turner, was elected secretary of the communist cell. The party cell led by Grudinin waged a decisive struggle against the disguised enemies of Soviet power, who decided to take revenge on the brave communist. On May 26, 1922 he was killed by a shot from around the corner. Buried in the Komsomolsky Garden). Not far from the “Pavlov’s House”, on the banks of the Volga, among new bright buildings stands the terrible, war-damaged building of the mill named after. Grudinin (Grudinin K.N. - Bolshevik worker. He worked at the mill as a turner, was elected secretary of the communist cell. The party cell led by Grudinin waged a decisive struggle against the disguised enemies of Soviet power, who decided to take revenge on the brave communist. On May 26, 1922 he was killed by a shot from around the corner. Buried in the Komsomolsky Garden). Not far from the “Pavlov’s House”, on the banks of the Volga, among new bright buildings stands the terrible, war-damaged building of the mill named after. Grudinin (Grudinin K.N. - Bolshevik worker. He worked at the mill as a turner, was elected secretary of the communist cell. The party cell led by Grudinin waged a decisive struggle against the disguised enemies of Soviet power, who decided to take revenge on the brave communist. On May 26, 1922 he was killed by a shot from around the corner. Buried in the Komsomolsky Garden). Not far from the “Pavlov’s House”, on the banks of the Volga, among new bright buildings stands the terrible, war-damaged building of the mill named after. Grudinin (Grudinin K.N. - Bolshevik worker. He worked at the mill as a turner, was elected secretary of the communist cell. The party cell led by Grudinin waged a decisive struggle against the disguised enemies of Soviet power, who decided to take revenge on the brave communist. On May 26, 1922 he was killed by a shot from around the corner. Buried in the Komsomolsky Garden).

Buried on Mamayev Kurgan

“It’s better to die standing than to live on your knees,” the slogan of Dolores Ibarurri, whose son died after being wounded in a Stalingrad meat grinder, perfectly describes the fighting spirit Soviet soldiers before this fateful battle.

The Battle of Stalingrad showed the whole world the heroism and unparalleled courage of the Soviet people. And not only adults, but also children. It was the bloodiest battle of the Second World War, radically changing its course.

Vasily Zaitsev

The legendary sniper of the Great Patriotic War, Vasily Zaitsev, during the Battle of Stalingrad in a month and a half, destroyed more than two hundred German soldiers and officers, including 11 snipers.

From the very first meetings with the enemy, Zaitsev proved himself to be an outstanding shooter. Using a simple “three-ruler”, he skillfully killed an enemy soldier. During the war, his grandfather’s wise hunting advice was very useful to him. Later Vasily will say that one of the main qualities of a sniper is the ability to camouflage and be invisible. This quality is necessary for any good hunter.

Just a month later, for his demonstrated zeal in battle, Vasily Zaitsev received the medal “For Courage”, and in addition to it - a sniper rifle! By this time, the accurate hunter had already disabled 32 enemy soldiers.

Vasily, as if in a chess game, outplayed his opponents. For example, he made a realistic sniper doll, and he disguised himself nearby. As soon as the enemy revealed himself with a shot, Vasily began to patiently wait for his appearance from cover. And time didn't matter to him.

Zaitsev not only shot accurately himself, but also commanded a sniper group. He accumulated considerable didactic material, which later allowed him to write two textbooks for snipers. For demonstrated military skill and valor to the commander sniper group awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, the Order of Lenin and the Gold Star medal. After being wounded, when he almost lost his sight, Zaitsev returned to the front and met Victory with the rank of captain.

Maxim Passar

Maxim Passar, like Vasily Zaitsev, was a sniper. His surname, unusual for our ears, is translated from Nanai as “dead eye.”

Before the war he was a hunter. Immediately after the Nazi attack, Maxim volunteered to serve and studied at a sniper school. After graduation, he ended up in the 117th Infantry Regiment of the 23rd Infantry Division of the 21st Army, which on November 10, 1942 was renamed the 65th Army, 71st Guards Division.

The fame of the well-aimed Nanai, who had the rare ability to see in the dark as if it were day, immediately spread throughout the regiment, and later completely crossed the front line. By October 1942, “a keen eye.” was recognized as the best sniper of the Stalingrad Front, and he was also eighth in the list of the best snipers of the Red Army.

By the time of the death of Maxim Passar, he had 234 killed fascists. The Germans were afraid of the marksman Nanai, calling him “the devil from the devil’s nest.” , they even issued special leaflets intended for Passar personally with an offer to surrender.

Maxim Passar died on January 22, 1943, having managed to kill two snipers before his death. The sniper was twice awarded the Order of the Red Star, but he received his Hero posthumously, becoming a Hero of Russia in 2010.

Yakov Pavlov

Sergeant Yakov Pavlov became the only one who received the title of Hero of the Soviet Union for defending the house.

On the evening of September 27, 1942, he received a combat mission from the company commander, Lieutenant Naumov, to reconnoiter the situation in a 4-story building in the city center, which had an important tactical position. This house went down in the history of the Battle of Stalingrad as “Pavlov’s House”.

With three fighters - Chernogolov, Glushchenko and Aleksandrov, Yakov managed to knock the Germans out of the building and capture it. Soon the group received reinforcements, ammunition and a telephone line. The Nazis continuously attacked the building, trying to smash it with artillery and aerial bombs. Skillfully maneuvering the forces of a small “garrison”, Pavlov avoided heavy losses and defended the house for 58 days and nights, not allowing the enemy to break through to the Volga.

For a long time it was believed that Pavlov’s house was defended by 24 heroes of nine nationalities. On the 25th, the Kalmyk Goryu Badmaevich Khokholov was “forgotten”; he was crossed off the list after the deportation of the Kalmyks. Only after the war and deportation did he receive his military awards. His name as one of the defenders of the House of Pavlov was restored only 62 years later.

Lyusya Radyno

In the Battle of Stalingrad, not only adults, but also children showed unparalleled courage. One of the heroines of Stalingrad was the 12-year-old girl Lyusya Radyno. She ended up in Stalingrad after the evacuation from Leningrad. One day, an officer came to the orphanage where the girl was and said that young intelligence officers were being recruited to obtain valuable information behind the front line. Lucy immediately volunteered to help.

On her first exit behind enemy lines, Lucy was detained by the Germans. She told them that she was going to the fields where she and other children were growing vegetables so as not to die of hunger. They believed her, but still sent her to the kitchen to peel potatoes. Lucy realized that she could find out the number of German soldiers simply by counting the number of peeled potatoes. As a result, Lucy obtained the information. In addition, she managed to escape.

Lucy went behind the front line seven times, never making a single mistake. The command awarded Lyusya the medals “For Courage” and “For the Defense of Stalingrad.”

After the war, the girl returned to Leningrad, graduated from college, started a family, worked at school for many years, and taught elementary school children at Grodno School No. 17. The students knew her as Lyudmila Vladimirovna Beschastnova.

Ruben Ibarruri

We all know the slogan « No pasaran! » , which translates as « they will not pass! » . It was declared on July 18, 1936 by the Spanish communist Dolores Ibarruri Gomez. She also owns the famous slogan « It's better to die standing than to live on your knees » . In 1939 she was forced to emigrate to the USSR. Her The only son, Ruben, ended up in the USSR even earlier, in 1935, when Dolores was arrested, he was sheltered by the Lepeshinsky family.

From the first days of the war, Ruben joined the Red Army. For heroism shown in the battle for the bridge near the Berezina River near the city of Borisov, he was awarded the Order of the Red Banner.

During the Battle of Stalingrad, in the summer of 1942, Lieutenant Ibarruri commanded a machine gun company. On August 23, Lieutenant Ibarruri’s company, together with a rifle battalion, had to hold back the advance of a German tank group at the Kotluban railway station.

After the death of the battalion commander, Ruben Ibarruri took command and raised the battalion in a counterattack, which turned out to be successful - the enemy was driven back. However, Lieutenant Ibarurri himself was wounded in this battle. He was sent to the left bank hospital in Leninsk, where the hero died on September 4, 1942. The hero was buried in Leninsk, but later he was reburied on the Alley of Heroes in the center of Volgograd.

He was awarded the title of Hero in 1956. Dolores Ibarruri came to her son’s grave in Volgograd more than once.

...A great battle where two great armies collided. A city that claimed more than two million lives within 5 months. The Germans considered it hell on Earth. Soviet propaganda spoke of the death of one German soldier per second in this city. However, it was he who became the turning point of the Great Patriotic War and, without a doubt, became the personification of the feat of the Red Army. So who are they...Great Heroes of the Great Battle?

The feat of Nikolai Serdyukov

On April 17, 1943, junior sergeant, commander of the rifle squad of the 44th Guards Rifle Regiment of the 15th Guards Rifle Division, Nikolai Filippovich SERDIUKOV was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union for military exploits in the Battle of Stalingrad.

Nikolai Filippovich Serdyukov was born in 1924 in the village. Goncharovka, Oktyabrsky district, Volgograd region. This is where his childhood and school years. In June 1941, he entered the Stalingrad FZO school, after graduating from which he worked as a metal worker at the Barrikady plant.

In August 1942 he was drafted into active army, and on January 13, 1943 he accomplished his feat, which made his name immortal. These were the days when Soviet troops destroyed enemy units surrounded at Stalingrad. Junior Sergeant Nikolai Serdyukov was a machine gunner in the 15th Guards Rifle Division, which trained many Heroes of the Soviet Union.

The division led an offensive in the area settlements Karpovka, Stary Rogachik (35-40 km west of Stalingrad). The Nazis, entrenched in Stary Rohachik, blocked the path of the advancing Soviet troops. Along the railway embankment there was a heavily fortified area of ​​enemy defense.

The guardsmen of the 4th Guards Company of Lieutenant Rybas were given the task of overcoming a 600-meter open space, a minefield, wire fences and knocking out the enemy from trenches and trenches.

At the agreed time, the company launched an attack, but machine-gun fire from three enemy pillboxes that survived our artillery barrage forced the soldiers to lie down in the snow. The attack failed.

It was necessary to silence the enemy's firing points. Lieutenant V.M. Osipov and junior lieutenant A.S. Belykh undertook to complete this task. Grenades were thrown. The pillboxes fell silent. But in the snow, not far from them, two commanders, two communists, two guardsmen remained lying forever.

When the Soviet soldiers rose to attack, the third pillbox spoke. Komsomol member N. Serdyukov turned to the company commander: “Allow me, Comrade Lieutenant.”

He was short and looked like a boy in a long soldier's overcoat. Having received permission from the commander, Serdyukov crawled to the third pillbox under a hail of bullets. He threw one and two grenades, but they did not reach the target. In full view of the guards, the hero, rising to his full height, rushed to the embrasure of the pillbox. The enemy's machine gun fell silent, the guards rushed towards the enemy.

The street and school where he studied are named after the 18-year-old hero of Stalingrad. His name is included forever in the lists of personnel of one of the units of the Volgograd garrison.

N.F. Serdyukov is buried in the village. New Rogachik (Gorodishche district, Volgograd region).

The feat of the defenders of Pavlov's House

On the square. There is a mass grave of V.I. Lenin. The memorial plaque reads: “The soldiers of the 13th Guards Order of Lenin Rifle Division and the 10th Division of the NKVD Troops, who died in the battles for Stalingrad, are buried here.”

The mass grave, the names of the streets adjacent to the square (St. Lieutenant Naumov St., 13th Gvardeiskaya St.) will forever remind of war, of death, of courage. The 13th Guards Rifle Division, commanded by Hero of the Soviet Union, Major General A.I. Rodimtsev, held the defense in this area. The division crossed the Volga in mid-September 1942, when everything around was burning: residential buildings, enterprises. Even the Volga, covered with oil from broken storage facilities, was a fiery streak. Immediately after landing on the right bank, the units immediately entered into battle.

In October - November, pressed to the Volga, the division occupied defense along a front of 5-6 km, the depth of the defensive line ranged from 100 to 500 m. The command of the 62nd Army set the task for the guardsmen: to turn every trench into a strong point, every house into impregnable fortress. The “Pavlov’s House” became such an impregnable fortress on this square.

The heroic story of this house is as follows. During the bombing of the city, all the buildings in the square were destroyed and only one 4-story building miraculously survived. From the upper floors it was possible to observe it and keep the enemy-occupied part of the city under fire (up to 1 km to the west, and even further in the northern and southern directions). Thus, the house acquired important tactical importance in the defense zone of the 42nd regiment.

Fulfilling the order of the commander, Colonel I.P. Elin, at the end of September, Sergeant Ya.F. Pavlov with three soldiers entered the house and found about 30 civilians in it - women, old people, children. The scouts occupied the house and held it for two days.

On the third day, reinforcements arrived to help the brave four. The garrison of the “House of Pavlov” (as it began to be called on the operational maps of the division and regiment) consisted of a machine-gun platoon under the command of Guard Lieutenant I.F. Afanasyev (7 people and one heavy machine gun), a group of armor-piercing soldiers led by the assistant guard platoon commander, senior sergeant A. A. Sobgaida (6 people and three anti-tank rifles), 7 machine gunners under the command of Sergeant Ya. F. Pavlov, four mortar men (2 mortars) under the command of junior lieutenant A. N. Chernyshenko. There are 24 people in total.

The soldiers adapted the house for all-round defense. The firing points were moved outside of it, and underground communication passages were made to them. Sappers from the side of the square mined the approaches to the house, placing anti-tank and anti-personnel mines.

The skillful organization of home defense and the heroism of the soldiers allowed the small garrison to successfully repel enemy attacks for 58 days.

The newspaper “Red Star” wrote on October 1, 1942: “Every day the guards take on 12-15 attacks from enemy tanks and infantry, supported by aviation and artillery. And they always repel the enemy’s onslaught to the last opportunity, covering the earth with new dozens and hundreds of fascist corpses.”

The fight for Pavlov's House is one of many examples of the heroism of Soviet people during the battle for the city.

There were more than 100 such houses that became strongholds in the 62nd Army’s zone of operations.

On November 24, 1942, after artillery preparation, the garrison of the battalion went on the offensive to capture other houses in the square. The guardsmen, carried away by the company commander, Senior Lieutenant I.I. Naumov, went on the attack and crushed the enemy. The fearless commander died.

The memorial wall at the “Pavlov’s House” will preserve for centuries the names of the heroes of the legendary garrison, among which we read the names of the sons of Russia and Ukraine, Central Asia and the Caucasus.

Another name is connected with the history of the “House of Pavlov”, the name of a simple Russian woman, whom many now call “the dear woman of Russia” - Alexandra Maksimovna Cherkasova. It's her, the worker kindergarten, in the spring of 1943, after work, she brought soldiers’ wives like herself here to dismantle the ruins and breathe life into this building. Cherkasova’s noble initiative found a response in the hearts of residents. In 1948, there were 80 thousand people in the Cherkasov brigades. From 1943 to 1952 they worked 20 million hours for free in their free time. The name of A.I. Cherkasova and all members of her team is included in the city’s Book of Honor.

Gvardeiskaya Square

Not far from the “Pavlov’s House”, on the banks of the Volga, among new bright buildings stands the terrible, war-damaged building of the mill named after. Grudinin (Grudinin K.N. - Bolshevik worker. He worked at the mill as a turner, was elected secretary of the communist cell. The party cell led by Grudinin waged a decisive struggle against the disguised enemies of Soviet power, who decided to take revenge on the brave communist. On May 26, 1922 he was killed by a shot from around the corner. Buried in the Komsomolsky Garden).

There is a memorial plaque on the mill building: “The ruins of the mill named after K. N. Grudinin are a historical reserve. Here in 1942 there were fierce battles between soldiers of the 13th Guards Order of Lenin Rifle Division and the Nazi invaders.” During the battle, there was an observation post of the commander of the 42nd regiment of the 13th Guards Rifle Division.

Military statistics calculated that during the battle in Stalingrad the enemy spent an average of about 100 thousand shells, bombs, and mines per kilometer of the front, or 100 per meter, respectively.

A burnt mill building with empty window sockets will tell descendants more eloquently than any words about the horrors of war, that peace was won at a high price.

The feat of Mikhail Panikakha

To the battalion positions Marine Corps Nazi tanks rushed in. Several enemy vehicles were moving toward the trench in which sailor Mikhail Panikakha was located, firing from cannons and machine guns.

Through the roar of shots and shell explosions, the clanging of caterpillars could be heard more and more clearly. By this time, Panikaha had already used up all his grenades. He only had two bottles of flammable mixture left. He leaned out of the trench and swung, aiming the bottle at the nearest tank. At that moment, a bullet broke the bottle raised above his head. The warrior flared up like a living torch. But the hellish pain did not cloud his consciousness. He grabbed the second bottle. The tank was nearby. And everyone saw how a burning man jumped out of the trench, ran close to the fascist tank and hit the grille of the engine hatch with a bottle. An instant - and a huge flash of fire and smoke consumed the hero along with the fascist car he set on fire.

This heroic feat of Mikhail Panikakh immediately became known to all the soldiers of the 62nd Army.

His friends from the 193rd Infantry Division did not forget about this. Panikakh's friends told Demyan Bedny about his feat. The poet responded in poetry.

He fell, but his honor lives on;
The highest award for a hero
Under his name are the words:
He was the defender of Stalingrad.

In the midst of tank attacks
There was a Red Navy man named Panikakha,
They're down to the last bullet
The defense held strong.

But no match for the sea lads
Show the backs of your enemy's heads,
There are no more grenades, two left
WITH flammable liquid bottles.

The hero fighter grabbed one:
“I’ll throw it at the last tank!”
Filled with ardent courage,
He stood with a raised bottle.

“One, two... I won’t miss!”
Suddenly, at that moment, like a bullet right through
The bottle of liquid was broken,
The hero was engulfed in flames.

But having become a living torch,
He did not lose his fighting spirit,
With contempt for the sharp, burning pain
Fighter hero on enemy tank
The second one rushed with the bottle.
Hooray! Fire! A puff of black smoke,
The engine hatch is engulfed in fire,
There is a wild howl in a burning tank,
The team howled and the driver,
He fell, having accomplished his feat,
Our Red Navy soldier,
But he fell like a proud winner!
To knock down the flame on your sleeve,
Chest, shoulders, head,
Burning torch avenger warrior
I didn't roll on the grass
Seek salvation in the swamp.

He burned the enemy with his fire,
Legends are written about him -
Our immortal Red Navy man.

Panikakh's feat is captured in stone in the monument-ensemble on Mamayev Kurgan.

The feat of signalman Matvey Putilov

When communication stopped on Mamayev Kurgan at the most intense moment of the battle, an ordinary signalman of the 308th Infantry Division, Matvey Putilov, went to repair the wire break. While restoring the damaged communication line, both his hands were crushed by mine fragments. Losing consciousness, he tightly clamped the ends of the wire with his teeth. Communication was restored. For this feat, Matvey was posthumously awarded the Order of the Patriotic War, II degree. His communication reel was passed on to the best signalmen of the 308th division.

A similar feat was accomplished by Vasily Titaev. During the next attack on Mamayev Kurgan, the connection was lost. He went to fix it. In the conditions of the most difficult battle this seemed impossible, but the connection worked. Titaev did not return from the mission. After the battle, he was found dead with the ends of the wire clenched in his teeth.

In October 1942, in the area of ​​the Barricades plant, signalman of the 308th Infantry Division Matvey Putilov, under enemy fire, carried out a mission to restore communications. When he was looking for the location of the broken wire, he was wounded in the shoulder by a mine fragment. Overcoming the pain, Putilov crawled to the site of the broken wire; he was wounded a second time: his arm was crushed by an enemy mine. Losing consciousness and unable to use his hand, the sergeant squeezed the ends of the wire with his teeth, and a current passed through his body. Having restored communication, Putilov died with the ends of the telephone wires clamped in his teeth.

Vasily Zaitsev

Zaitsev Vasily Grigorievich (March 23, 1915 - December 15, 1991) - sniper of the 1047th Infantry Regiment (284th Infantry Division, 62nd Army, Stalingrad Front), junior lieutenant.

Born on March 23, 1915 in the village of Elino, now Agapovsky district Chelyabinsk region in a peasant family. Russian. Member of the CPSU since 1943. Graduated from a construction technical school in Magnitogorsk. Since 1936 in the Navy. Graduated from the Military Economic School. The war found Zaitsev in the position of head of the financial department in the Pacific Fleet, in Preobrazhenye Bay.

In the battles of the Great Patriotic War from September 1942. He received a sniper rifle from the hands of the commander of his 1047th regiment, Metelev, a month later, along with the medal "For Courage". By that time, Zaitsev had killed 32 Nazis from a simple “three-line rifle”. In the period from November 10 to December 17, 1942, in the battles for Stalingrad, he killed 225 soldiers, including 11 snipers (among whom was Heinz Horwald). Directly on the front line, he taught sniper work to soldiers in the commanders, trained 28 snipers. In January 1943, Zaitsev was seriously wounded. Professor Filatov saved his sight in a Moscow hospital.

The title of Hero of the Soviet Union with the presentation of the Order of Lenin and the Gold Star medal was awarded to Vasily Grigorievich Zaitsev on February 22, 1943.

Having received the Star of the Hero of the Soviet Union in the Kremlin, Zaitsev returned to the front. He finished the war on the Dniester with the rank of captain. During the war, Zaitsev wrote two textbooks for snipers, and also invented the still used technique of sniper hunting with “sixes” - when three pairs of snipers (a shooter and an observer) cover the same battle zone with fire.

After the war he was demobilized. He worked as director of the Kyiv Machine-Building Plant. Died on December 15, 1991.

Awarded the Order of Lenin, 2 Orders of the Red Banner, Order of the Patriotic War 1st degree, and medals. The ship plying along the Dnieper bears his name.

Two films have been made about the famous duel between Zaitsev and Horvald. "Angels of Death" 1992 directed by Yu.N. Ozerov, starring Fyodor Bondarchuk. And the film "Enemy at the Gates" 2001 directed by Jean-Jacques Annaud, in the role of Zaitsev - Jude Law.

He was buried on Mamayev Kurgan.

Gulya (Marionella) Queen

Koroleva Marionella Vladimirovna (Gulya Koroleva) Born on September 10, 1922 in Moscow. She died on November 23, 1942. Medical instructor of the 214th Infantry Division.

Gulya Koroleva was born in Moscow on September 9, 1922, in the family of director and set designer Vladimir Danilovich Korolev and actress Zoya Mikhailovna Metlina. At the age of 12, she starred in the leading role of Vasilinka in the film “The Partisan’s Daughter.” For her role in the film she received a ticket to the Artek pioneer camp. Subsequently she starred in several more films. In 1940 she entered the Kiev Irrigation Institute.

In 1941, Gulya Koroleva with her mother and stepfather evacuated to Ufa. In Ufa, she gave birth to a son, Sasha, and, leaving him in the care of her mother, volunteered for the front in the medical battalion of the 280th Infantry Regiment. In the spring of 1942, the division went to the front in the Stalingrad area.

November 23, 1942 during a fierce battle for height 56.8 near x. Panshino, a medical instructor of the 214th Infantry Division, provided assistance and carried 50 seriously wounded soldiers and commanders with weapons from the battlefield. By the end of the day, when there were few soldiers left in the ranks, she and a group of Red Army soldiers launched an attack on the heights. Under bullets, the first one burst into the enemy trenches and killed 15 people with grenades. Mortally wounded, she continued to fight an unequal battle until the weapon fell out of her hands. Buried in x. Panshino, Volgograd region.

On January 9, 1943, the command of the Don Front was awarded the Order of the Red Banner (posthumously).

In Panshino, the village library is named in her honor, the name is carved in gold on the banner in the Hall military glory on Mama's Kurgan. A street in the Traktorozavodsky district of Volgograd and a village are named after her.

Elena Ilyina’s book “The Fourth Height” is dedicated to the feat, which has been translated into many languages ​​of the world.