Asia conquers with its nature, ancient culture and rich history, many unusual traditions, exquisite cuisine and hospitable people. It is interesting to study her even those who are not interested in traveling. Rivers - in the center of the life of any people, so it is with them worth a familiarity with the region. The great rivers of Asia not only determine the geographical features of the region, but also affect the culture and traditions of local residents. Which of them are most famous and significant?
Yangtze
Listing the major rivers of Asia, it is necessary to start with this. Yangtze extends 6300 kilometers. The source of the legendary river is located on a height of 5,000 meters above sea level of the Yangtze descends in the Sino-Tibetan mountains in a narrow gorge. At such sites, the river is very severe. Further, the pool is located in the Sichuan Basin, and in the lower course of Yangtzi passes through the Jianghan Plain and the southern part of the Great Chinese Plain. After it disintegrates a few sleeves and flows into the sea. Powered by the pool is monsoon rains, and in the mountain region, water is supplemented with melting snow and glaciers. The rivers of Asia as Jalongjiang, Hanshui, Jianinjiang, Minjiang include major tributaries. Numerous fish live in waters, which allows the inhabitants of the coast to actively engage in the craft of Karpov, Amur and Tolstolobik. In the cold season, the upper sections of the Yangtze are covered with ice, but quite briefly and only where it is extremely calm.
Huanghe
Not all the rivers of East Asia are so famous as this. Not surprising: the length of Juanhe is almost 5,000 kilometers. She descends from the Tibet's plateau to desert valleys in the south. The Juanhe basin takes 700,000 square kilometers. The valley, where the river flows, is referred to as the Chinese Sin-Su-High. Here Huanghe is enriched with water, and in the Tsarin-Nor Lake, it falls, already having a width of more than fifteen meters. The chain of water bodies on the river path is natural reservoirs of fresh water, which are located 4000 meters above sea level. From Lake Norin-Nor Huanghe leament with a width of eighty meters and flows through a wide valley, and then according to the Amnes Machin Range Gorge. Having reinged him, the river is sent to the East, to the city of Gui-her. Six hundred fifty kilometers it flows along the Great Wall, and then flows into the Zhili Bay. Power supply rain and melting snow. The tributaries are asia rivers as Udinhehe, Wehhe and Fynhe. Chinese crab intensives in the waters. The river moves at such a speed that is practically not covered with ice, only a couple of weeks in the middle or lower current in the coldest
Ob and Irtysh
These Asia Rivers flow through the eastern part of Russia. OIS Length is equal to 3650 kilometers, and from the source Irtysh is more than 5400. The pool is located in the Tomsk and Tyumen regions, the Altai Territory and the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District. Bottles in waters you can get a lot of different kinds of fish: sterlidi, sturgeon, herring, malm, Maxun live here. For the fishery used non-senses, saccs and ostrodies. In addition, on the shores there is a hunt for ducks, swans and geese. The ice of the river is covered in October - on the upper and middle sections of the flow, and a little later - on the lower. It comes off ice cover to May.
Mekong
The length of the river is 4500 kilometers. She originates in Tibet, proceeds along the Chinese province of Yunnan, and then in the territory of Vietnam and Cambodia, moves to the South China Sea. Like other Asia Rivers, Mekong has an impressive pool with an 810 square kilometer territory. A distinctive feature is frequent spills that occur during the melting of snow in Tibet, and during abundant summer rains. Mekong has three sleeves with a variety of tributaries. One of them, UDUG, forms a large number of fish. The river nutrition is mostly rain, but the upper flow is also replenished with snow and glacier. Famous tributaries are asia rivers, like Moon, U, Tonleshap, Tahan and San. Residents of coastal areas are engaged in carp and waterfowl fishing.
Amur
Many, thinking about this region, recall that the largest river in Asia - Yangtze. The above-mentioned Juanhe or Mekong come to mind. But about the Russian rivers like Amur, many do not think. Nevertheless, its pool is located in the Asian part of the continent. In addition, Cupid flows into and is one of the longest rivers of the region. Its pool takes about two million square kilometers, and the length is more than three thousand. Interestingly, in different parts of the river wears different names: in the upper, it is ONON, then, in a merger with an integration, this is a scroll and only after connecting to the argument receives the name of Cupid. Power comes from rains, there are few snow in the local edges, therefore spring spills do not happen. Waters increase only in rainy seasons. The most large-scale happened in 1872, when the water was sixteen meters above the usual level. But there is such features and advantage: the river is suitable for shipping, which goes throughout the location of the shores of Amur.
Ind
Many of the large rivers of Asia were once the cradles of civilizations. Ind is no exception and is known in history since the old centuries. Its length is 3180 kilometers. At the top it fills with melting glaciers, and in the middle and lower - precipitation and snow. The tributaries include numerous small rivers of Asia. The list includes less well-known - Zanskar, Shaysk, Shigar, Hilgit, and more famous - Kabul. In the waters of Indus, a variety of fish - Pescari, Cupid, Tolstolobiki. It is never covered with ice. The river originates in Tibet, from where he goes to the northwest, flows through the valley from the Himalayan mountains, connects with several tributaries in their gorges, acquires a width of several hundred meters and flows into the Arabian Sea. The greatness of the river provides multiple mouths, the exact number of which is unknown, as it changes during each flood. What is interesting, even the position of the main channel changed, and during the last century.
Euphrate
Listing the Asia River, the list of which includes world-famous names, you need to not forget about the Euphrates. Together with the tiger, he created the territory where civilization has already developed long. Euphrates swimming pool is extensive, thick in populated now and is 765 thousand square kilometers. The source of the river is located on Armenian Highlands, which affects the nature of the flow. Below the wave is much calmer. The average depth is about ten meters, and the width varies from 150 to 500 meters. Merging with the tiger, the Euphrates forms the Shattel River, which flows into the Persian Bay. Powered serve snow and rains. The tributaries are Tumma, Hex, Belich and Hur. Water is never covered with ice, even in the coldest season.
Asia Rivers are among the largest and most full-water rivers in the world. The cumulative water volume of all Asia Rivers is the largest among all parts of the world. The feature of Asia's rivers is also manifested in the fact that they fall into all the oceans of our planet. In addition, rivers with 40% of Asian territory belong to the indoor basin, i.e. Do not come in any ocean at all.
Most of all large rivers in Asia in Russia and China. In China, for example, there is the longest and large-water river Eurasia and the third river in the world along the length of the Yangtze River. Its length is about 6,300 km. The second on the length of the Asian River is also located in China - this is the River Juanhe. Her length is 5464 km. According to the area of \u200b\u200bhis pool, the largest river Asia is the river Ob with Irtysh, which is located in Russia.
The largest rivers of the internal flow in Asia are the Amudarya and Syr Darya rivers. They are nascent in the mountains, and then on the fertile plains of Central Asia, they understand irrigation. Previously, they fell into the Aral Sea, but now they do not have enough water for this and the Aral Sea because of this gradually dries. Also, large rivers of indoor flow are rivers or tarim.
A number of large rivers flowing through the territory of Russia, Ob, Yenisei and Lena, belong to the Northern Ocean Basin. The longest of them is Lena - she originates in the mountains of the Baikal and, along the course of her current, about 400 tributaries fall into it. In the lower flow, the river width reaches 30 km., And at the place of sign in the ocean, the river forms a delta size with the Kiev region! Yenisei is a multi-water river with a rapid flow - on Yenisei and his tributaries today are built among the largest hydroelectric power plants in the world.
The largest rivers of the pool of the Pacific Ocean - Yangtze, Juanhe, Amur. These rivers feed mainly due to the Muson Rain (except for the Yangtze, which feeds the same and counted the glaciers from the mountains) and are subject to floods and spills. For example, Amur during the autumn full-water can spill by 10-20 km. Wshir.
They feed on the Muson Rain and the River of the Indian Ocean in the area of \u200b\u200bSouth and Southeast Asia. The largest of these rivers - the River Ind, Gang, Brahmaputra. In the summer, they are full-flowered, at this time, floods often happen, and in winter they almost dry.
Other Rivers of the Indian Ocean, located in the Middle East - the Tiger Rivers and Euphrates fill in the main waters from the mountains.
The Atlantic Ocean Rivers are small - these are small rivers who fall into the Mediterranean and Black Sea.
The largest rivers of Asia are:
- Yangtze (the length of the river - 6300 km., The area of \u200b\u200bthe pool - 1807 thousand k.m. proceeds through the territory of the following countries: China).
- Huanghe (the length of the river - 5464 km., The area of \u200b\u200bthe pool - 752 thousand km. Proceeds through the territory of the following countries: China
- Ob (with Irtysh) (the length of the river - 5410 km., The area of \u200b\u200bthe pool - 2990 thousand k.km proceeds through the territory of the following countries: China, Kazakhstan, Russian Federation
- Mekong (the length of the river is 4500 km., The area of \u200b\u200bthe pool - 810 thousand k.km proceeds through the territory of the following countries: China, Laos, Cambodia
- Cupid (with Arguna) (the length of the river - 4440 km., The area of \u200b\u200bthe pool - 1855 thousand k.m. proceeds through the territory of the following countries: China, Russian Federation
- Lena (the length of the river - 4400 km., The area of \u200b\u200bthe pool - 2490 thousand k.m. proceeds through the territory of the following countries: Russian Federation
- Yenisei (with Bol.eniseem) (the length of the river - 4092 km., The area of \u200b\u200bthe pool - 2,580 thousand k.m. proceeds through the territory of the following countries: Russian Federation
- Salouin (the length of the river - 3200 km., Pool area - 325 thousand km. Proceeds through the territory of the following countries: China, Myanmar
- Ind (length of the river - 3180 km., Pool area - 980 thousand k.m. proceeds through the territory of the following countries: China, India, Pakistan
- Euphrates (with Murat) (the length of the river - 3,065 km., The area of \u200b\u200bthe pool - 673 thousand k.m. proceeds through the territory of the following countries: Turkey, Syria, Iraq
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In Asia, there are mighty full-flow rivers. Together they carry so much water as they do not contain in the aggregate of the river any of the parts of the world. In Asia, there is the largest number of the largest rivers on the planet. Only Asian rivers fall into all the oceans of the Earth. At the same time, almost 40% of Asia's territory belongs to the indoor pool.
The rivers of the indoor basin or are lost in the sands of large deserts, or carry their waters in the lake. The largest of these rivers are Amu Darya and Syrdarya, who originate high in the mountains. On the plains of their water they understand irrigation. For these purposes, many channels are built, such as Karakum, whose length exceeds 1000 km. With water comes and a large amount of fertile ral. Therefore, irrigated fields give good yields. There are so many water for economic purposes that rivers, even until recently in the Aral Sea, no longer reach this reservoir. Large rivers of the indoor basin rivers are also or taring. They also originate in the mountains, feed on snow and glacially waters and therefore differ in summer.
All rivers of desert regions have a great economic value. In these areas there are numerous witnesses of the former watering. These include primarily the big dry river beds, stretching for hundreds of kilometers. They are filled with water only during rare storm rains, forming dangerous mudigan flows - sat down.
The Northern Ocean Basin includes such major Asia Rivers, like Ob, Yenisei and Lena. The longest one of them is Lena (4400 km), the largest area of \u200b\u200bthe pool area - Ob (almost 3 million km2), and the most popular - Yenisei.
Lena takes the beginning of a relatively small baycal ridges. However, on a long path to the sea, the Laptev Giant River takes more than 400 tributaries. In the lower flow, the river width reaches places 30 km, and its delta exceeds Kiev region.
Ob is formed from the confluence of the rivers Biya and Katun, which begin in the mountains of Altai. Somewhere halfway to the Kara Sea in Ob, Irtysh flows, the area of \u200b\u200bthe pool of which is equal to half the square of the entire Oba basin. Ob with Irtysh - typical plain rivers with a slow calm current.
Yenisei, which begins in Sayanov, also lays a path to the north to the Kara Sea. However, in contrast to Ob, the flow of Yenisei is predominantly stormy and rapid. In the direction of Yenisei, thresholds are often found that make shipping. However, the river is rich in hydropower. It is not by chance that Yenisei and his tributaries built the world's largest hydroelectric power plants. Yenisei takes a lot of large tributaries, the largest of which are the replacement Tunguska and the Lower Tunguska, as well as the hangar - the only river arising from Baikal.
Ob, Yenisei and Lena in spring, when snow is melted. At this time, the water level in them rises to 7-12 m, and in the lower course of Yenisei - even up to 15-18 m. Due to the high length of rivers from the north to the south, their freezing and autopsy in the upper reaches and in the lower flow occurs at different times. Cleansing the ice from ice as moving to the north is incurred later. Therefore, spring water arriving from the south, they meet numerous ice traffic. This leads to a sharp rise in the water level.
The River of the Far North - Yana, Indigirik, Kolyma and others bloom in the summer. In winter, they freeze for 5-6 months, covered with a thick layer of ice, and used during this period of the year as highways.
The rivers of the pool of the Pacific Ocean feed mainly due to monsoon rains. Therefore, their level in the summer is very rapidly rising and the water pour the surrounding area. Summer floods often acquire the character of real catastrophes, since it is covered by very large territories. Due to floods, tens of millions of hectares of processed lands are filled with flooded, people are dying. Flooders are characteristic of such large "color" rivers asia as Amur ("Black"), Juanhe ("Yellow") and Yangtze ("Blue").
The muddy dark waters of the Amur are spilled during the autumn flood of 10-20 km. Catastrophic floods arising at this time cause tremendous harm to coastal settlements.
Huanghe starts in the mountains of Kunlun and is the second along the river length in Asia (4845 km). On average, the river carries a large amount of dusty, yellow rock - lesse. It determines the color of water in the river, as well as in the sea where Juanhe.
A huge number of lesing breeds is deposited at the bottom of Huanghe. This led to the fact that the river flows in their nanos above the surrounding area. For many generations, the Chinese have built big protective dams, but the river has repeatedly breaking them, destroying the city and village. From catastrophic flooding millions of people and the results of their labor. Usually floods occur at the beginning of summer, when snow melts in the mountains. But Huanghe is especially dangerous after severe monsoon rains in the summer or in the fall, during Typhins. Frequent spills cause a wandering of the bed. For example, once Juanhe fell in the Yangtze. It was not by chance that the people called this river "River thousands of misfortunes".
Unlike Huanghe, the net and deep Yangtze (Changziang) is shipping up to the foot of the mountains. This is the largest river in Asia, its length is 5800 km. On the Great Chinese Plain, it disintegrates the set of sleeves that form large lake-shaped extensions. Delta Yangtze increases by 1 km for every 40 years.
The water regime of Yangtze is complex and is due not only to monsoon rains, but also melting snow in the upper reaches, as well as glaciers in the mountains. One of the latest catastrophic floods happened in the summer of 1995. Hundreds of settlements were flooded, tens of millions of people lost her beds, hundreds died.
In the lower course, the stock Yangtzi is regulated by many lakes. Ocean tides are also significant effect on the water level in the river.
The Pool Rivers of the Indian Ocean collect their waters from the territories that have a predominantly monsime climate type. Therefore, the summer of the river is full, and in winter - almost dry. The largest of them are ind, gang, brahmaputra.
The rivers of the Industan have a very ancient origin. For millions of years, they carried their existence from Himalayas, in which they originate, a huge amount of nanos. These injuries have formed lowlands that connected Industan with the mainland, and also created the world's largest Delta Ganges and Brahmaputra.
Water rivers are widely used for irrigation and shipping. But during the summer flood, they regularly overeach huge areas of agricultural land. Hurricanes coming from the Bengal Bay cause almost the most catastrophic floods on Earth.
The rivers Tiger and Euphrates begin on Armenian highlands and feed on the water from the melting of snow. In the Mesopotamian lowland, they do not take tributaries, their water is used for irrigation. In the lower current, the tiger and the Euphrates merge into a single stream - the Shuttle-Arab, which flows into the Persian Bay.
The Atlantic Ocean pool includes small rivers flowing into the Mediterranean and Black Sea. They bloom during the winter rains, and in the summer they dry.
Conclusions:
Asia's rivers belong to the pools of all four oceans and the world's largest basin in the world.
The rivers of the North Ocean Basin River bloom mostly in the spring, during the melting of snow.
Most rivers of the pools of the Pacific and Indian Oceans are bloated in the summer during monsoon rains. On the rivers of the pool of the Atlantic Ocean, the flood occurs during the winter rain.
Read in the section
Characterized by the variety of water regime and types of food, due to the large size of the mainland and sharp climatic differences.
The rivers of foreign Asia belong to the pools of the Atlantic, quiet, and.
Malay type. This small river length has rain food and stable annual stock. Seasonal fluctuations are insignificant, the daily fluctuations are more dramatically expressed - they bloom after a meal rain, in the morning level drops. The Indian Ocean's pool includes the systems of the Indus and Ganges-Brahmaputra rivers. Complex mode. A pronounced monsoon character. Used for irrigation. Large rivers - Gang, Godavari, Nammad, Krishna - shipping.
Tiger rivers and closer type. Take the beginning in the mountains. Forewide in winter, in the summer. From the confluence of the Tiger with Euphrates to the mouth (300 km) - the river is named Shatt-El Arab.
The rivers of the indoor basin are insignificant in length, differ in the irregularity of the mode. Starting high in the mountains, they are sooty or glacial nutrition. Increasing the level at the beginning of the summer when melting of snow and ice in the mountains, by the end of the summer they are very melted or dry. Such large rivers as tarim, Gilmend, Teden, Murgab is lost in the sands.
For Arabia, episodic watercourses (Wadi) are characterized, stretching from west to east for hundreds of kilometers. Wadi's plungy epochs had a constant course. During the fallout of the shower, the villages go to the village streams.
The largest river Asia - (5800 km). Starts in the central part of Tibet from the tangla. Cutting from the south of Sino-Tibetan mountains and forming a cascade of waterfalls here, within the limits of Sichuan basin, she takes several large tributaries and becomes shipping from G.Ibin. In the mountains of the Southeast China, Yangtze forms a spine gorge, and below, entering into Chinese plain, the flow slows down. Here, her tributaries wander among their own injuries and form unrefined lakes and. Lakes (Duntinhu, Boychuchi) are drain regulators. Extensive delta.
Missual mode. In the gorges below the Sichuan basin, the difference between the summer and winter level reaches 40 m. The magnitude of the average annual runoff takes the fourth place (after, and gang) in the world. In the lower flow, the influence of tides (monthly rise of 4.5 m) is influenced. To protect against fabricated dams 2700 km long, 10-12 m high.
Important economic importance, main shipping artery. Ocean vessels rise to Tych. Water goes to irrigation.
The second value - Juanhe (4845 km). Beginning in Kunlun. On average, it describes a huge arc, rich ORDOS, then crosses the lesing plateau. The distribution of the Delta goes at a speed of 290 m per year. Modern Delta arose 130 years ago and advanced to the sea by 25 km.
Musson mode. Shipping in separate areas. In the Middle Ages, the Eastern China River was connected by a single great channel. He lost his meaning, from 1782 km for local shipping, not more than 300 km is used.
The largest river Southeth Mekong (4500 km). Begin in Tibet in tange glaciers. Stormy mountain river when crossing Yunnan Highlands. The exit to the lowland forms a huge delta, completely cultivated. Musson mode. Maximum in summer, interety - in spring. Sea vessels rise to the capital of Campucia (350 km), river to Vientiane of the capital (1600 km).
The most important river - Gang (2700 km). Beginning at an altitude of 4500 m, there is also the main tributaries (Jamna). 500 km from the sea begins Delta. The main sleeve - Padma Meghna - takes Brahmaputra. Some consider it an independent river. According to the food regime, it refers to alpine and monsoon types. Female in the second half of summer, when ice melted in the mountains, and the monsoon is the greatest strength. Mortary - winter and spring (minimum in February). Economic significance is great. Personal population. Water to irrigation. Shipping throughout, except for mountainous sites.
Brahmaputra is the influx of Ganges (2900 km). The beginning in southern Tibet, flowing parallel to Himalayas, is called Tsangpo. The lowland flows smoothly. The regime resembles Ganges. Shipping for 1300 km from the mouth. Irrigation.
South Asia - (3180 km). The beginning in South Tibet at an altitude of 5300 m. In the Himalayas, forms a system of deep, inaccessible gorges. Punjab takes major tributaries - Trimab, Sutland. In the lower course of Indus crosses the dry, hot region of Sind, decaying the sleeves.
Complex mode. By water, much inferior to Gangu. Irrigation, the most branched irrigation system in. Shipping is small due to chalks and bystrin in the lower reaches.
Lakes by origin are the remains of larger, previously existing here. Such lakes are preserved, the level of which is maintained by flowing rivers: UBSU-NUR, Lobnor, Shychase-Nemk. The water in them is mineralized, the depths are small. Many lakes dry in the summer. Lobnor changes its position.
Tectonic lakes in rhythic areas: Hubsugul, Buyr-Nur, Dead Sea; In tectonic depressions - Biva, Cucunor, Duntinhu, Boychuhu.
At the Armenian Highlands of Lake Wolkotektonic Origin - Wang, Urmia (Cutter).
Lakes of origin - on both Filipino and are placed in crater extinct volcanoes.
In the mountains of Tavr, Yunnan and Shangoreakh - small karst lakes. Lakes of glacial origin have been preserved in Tibet.
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