The latest best military aircraft of the Russian Air Force and World photo, pictures, video about the value of the fighter aircraft as a combat agent capable of providing "domination in the air", was recognized as military circles of all states by the spring of 1916. It demanded the creation of a combat special aircraft, superior to all other in speed, maneuverability, height and use of offensive small arms. In November 1915, the front-biplans of Newport II Week entered the front. This is the first aircraft built in France, which was intended for air combat.
The most advanced domestic military aircraft of Russia and the world are obliged to the appearance of popularization and development of aviation in Russia who contributed to the flights of Russian pilots M. Efimov, N. Popova, Alekhnovich, A. Schukov, B. Russian, S. Chifkin. The first domestic machines of designers J. Gakkel, I. Sikorsky, D. Grigorovich, B. Slesarev, I. Stheglau began to appear. In 1913, he made the first flight of the Russian Vityaz. But it is impossible not to recall the first creator of the aircraft in the world - the captain of the 1st rank of Alexander Fedorovich Mozhaysky.
The Soviet military aircraft of the USSR of the Great Patriotic War sought to hit the enemy's troops, its communication and other objects in the rear of air strikes, which led to the creation of aircraft-bomber capable of carrying a large bomb load at considerable distances. The diversity of combat missions on the bombing of the enemy forces in the tactical and operational depth of the fronts led to an understanding of the fact that their implementation should be commensurate with the tactical and technical capabilities of a particular aircraft. Therefore, the design teams should decide to solve the issue of specialization of bombers aircraft, which led to the emergence of several classes of these machines.
Types and classification, the latest models of military aircraft of Russia and the world. It was obvious that it would take time to create a specialized fighter aircraft, so the first step in this direction was an attempt to arm the already existing aircraft with rifle offensive weapons. Movable machine-gun installations that started equipping aircraft demanded from pilots of excessive effort, since the control of the machine in the maneuverable battle and the simultaneous launch of fire from unstable weapons reduced the efficiency of firing. The use of a double aircraft as a fighter, where one of the crew members performed the role of the arrow, also created certain problems, because the increase in weight and windshield resistance of the machine led to a decrease in its flight qualities.
What aircraft are. In our years, aviation made a large high-quality leap, expressed by a significant increase in flight speed. This was facilitated by progress in the field of aerodynamics, creating new more powerful engines, structural materials, radio electronic equipment. Computerization of calculation methods, etc. Supervision speeds have become the main modes of flight of fighters. However, the race for the speed also had its negative sides - the take-off-land characteristics and maneuverability of aircraft. During these years, the level of aircraft industry has achieved this meaning that it turned out to be possible to start creating airplanes with the wing of the variable sweep.
Russia's combat aircraft for the further growth of the flight speeds of reactive fighters exceeding the speed of sound, it was required to increase their energy equipment, to increase the specific characteristics of the TRD, as well as to improve the aerodynamic forms of the aircraft. For this purpose, engines with axial compressor were developed, which had smaller windscreen dimensions, higher efficiency and best weight characteristics. For a significant increase in thrust, and therefore, the flight speeds in the engine design were introduced. Improving aerodynamic forms of aircraft consisted of the use of wing and plumage with large sweat angles (in the transition to thin triangular wings), as well as supersonic air intakes.
Russian supersonic strategic bomber Tu-160. Armed with caustic rockets capable of hitting the goals at a distance of more than five thousand kilometers
The idea of \u200b\u200busing aircraft on the battlefields arose long before the first airplanes were closed, designed by Wright brothers. The subsequent development of military aviation was unusually rapid, and the current day of aircraft and helicopters became a formidable tool in the hands of the commander, yielding in their power unless missile-nuclear forces. Without domination in the sky, the victory on earth is incredibly difficult, and often impossible. Aviation is able to detect and destroy any goal, it is difficult to hide from it and even harder to defend.
What is military aviation
Modern air force includes special troops and services, as well as a rather complicated complex of diverse in its intended purpose of technical means that can be used to solve shock, intelligence, transport and some other tasks.
The main part of this complex is the following types of aviation:
- Strategic;
- Front;
- Sanitary;
- Transport.
Additional aviation units are also included in the strength of the incentive defense, navy and ground troops.
History of the creation of military aviation
Plane of the Sikorsky "Ilya Muromets" - the world's first four-dimensional bomber
The first airplanes were used for a long time almost exclusively in entertainment and sports purposes. But already in 1911, during the armed conflict between Italy and Turkey, the aircraft were applied in the interests of the army. Initially, these were intelligence flights, the first of which took place on October 23, and already on November 1, the Italian pilot of Havori applied weapons for ground targets, throwing several ordinary hand grenades on them.
By the beginning of World War I, the great powers managed to acquire air fleets. They were mainly from the aircraft airplanes. The fighters were not at all, and the bombers were only among Russia - these were the famous aircraft "Ilya Muromets". Unfortunately, it was not possible to establish a full-fledged serial release of these machines, so that their total number did not exceed 80 copies. Meanwhile, Germany in the second half of the war produced their own bombers with hundreds.
In February 1915, the first fighter created by the French pilot Roland Garros appeared on the Western Front. A fitting adaptation for firing through the air screw was quite primitive, albeit working, however, in May of the same year, the Germans put their own fighters equipped with a full synchronizer. From this point on, air battles have become an increasingly frequent phenomenon.
German fighter Fokker Dr.i. One of these aircraft was used by the best ACC of the First World War by Manfred von Richtgofen
After the end of World War I, the aircraft continued to grow rapidly: their speed, flight range and carrying capacity increased. At the same time, the so-called "doctrine of Due" appeared, named after her author, the Italian general, who believed that the victory in the war can be alone only by air bombardments, methodically destroying the defense and industrial opponent's potential, undermining his moral spirit and will To resistance.
As previous events have shown, this theory does not always justify itself, but it is precisely she determined the following directions for the development of military aviation worldwide. The most noticeable attempt to implement the Doctrine of Due in practice was the strategic bombing of Germany during the Second World War. As a result, military aviation has made a huge contribution to the next defeat of the "Third Reich", however, it was still failed to do without active actions of the land forces.
Armades of distant bombers were considered the main shock tool and in the post-war period. It was in those years that reactive aircraft appeared, which largely changed the very idea of \u200b\u200bmilitary aviation. The huge "flying fortresses" became just a comfortable target for Soviet high-speed and excellent armed "MiGs".
B-29 - American strategic bomber 40s, first nuclear weapon carrier
This meant that bombers should also become reactive, which soon happened. During these years, airplanes became more complicated. If only one aircraft was engaged in the second world of the fighter for servicing the fighter, then in subsequent years had to attract a whole brigade of specialists.
During the War in Vietnam, multipurpose aircraft, capable of impacts for land targets, as well as to air battle came to the fore. So there was an American F-4 Phantom, which became in some extent the source of inspiration for the Soviet designers developed by MiG-23. At the same time, the conflict in Vietnam once again showed that only bombing, even the most intense, for victory is not enough: combat aviation without the help of the ground forces can be forced to surrender only morally broken, pre-ready for the defeat of the enemy.
In the 70-80s of the last century, fighter-generation fighters appeared in the sky. They differed from their predecessors not only with flight characteristics, but weapons. The use of high-precision means of defeat once again changed the appearance of air war: there was a transition from massive air strikes to "point".
Su-27 (left) and F-15 - the best fighters of the 80s of the last century
Today, the main direction of the development of military aviation was the intensive use of drones of both reconnaissance and drums, as well as the creation of unobistant multi-purpose aircraft, such as American F-35, or Russian Su-57.
Purpose of military aviation
List of main tasks that are solved with the help of military aircraft and helicopters:
- Carrying out all types of aerial intelligence;
- Adjustment of artillery fire;
- The destruction of ground, marine, air and space purposes, small and large, stationary and movable, square and point;
- Mining areas of terrain;
- Protection of airspace and ground forces;
- Transportation and landing of troops;
- Delivery of various military cargo and gear;
- Evacuation of wounded and patients;
- Conducting campaigns;
- Terrain survey, detection of radiation, chemical and bacteriological infection.
Thus, military aviation can bring a huge benefit, of course, subject to its competent application.
Military aviation technique
During the First World War, shock airships were actively used ("Zeppelin"), however, today there is nothing like this in the Air Force. All used techniques are aircraft (airplanes) and helicopters.
Aircraft
The latitude of the spectrum of solved with the help of aviation tasks causes the machine to include several different types of air force. Each of them has its own destiny.
F-111 - American front-line bomber with wing of variable sweatshirt
Battle aircraft
This type of aviation includes:
- Fighters. Their main purpose is the destruction of enemy aircraft and conquering superiorities in the air, local or complete. All other tasks are minor. Armament - controlled air-air missiles, automatic guns;
- Bombers. May be frontal or strategic. Used mainly for hitting ground targets. Armament - air-surface missiles (including uncontrollable), free-sided, planning and corrected bombs, as well as torpedoes (for anti-submarine aircraft);
- Attack aircraft. Used mainly for direct support for troops on the battlefield;
- Fighters-bombers are aircraft that can strike under ground targets and conduct air battle. All modern fighters to some extent are as such.
Strategic bombers differ significantly from other combat airplanes in their own complex of weapons, which includes the winged rockets of a large range.
Inspection and Air Observation Aircraft
In principle, "ordinary" fighters or bombers equipped with the necessary equipment may be involved in solving intelligence problems. An example is the MiG-25R. But there is also a specialized technique. This, in particular, US U-2 and SR-71, Soviet An-30.
Super-speed reconnaissance aircraft SR-71 BlackBird
The same category also includes far-radar detection aircraft - Russian A-50 (created on the basis of IL-76), American E-3 Sentry. Such machines are capable of conducting deep radio relations, however, they do not differ intensity, since they are a source of powerful electromagnetic radiation. Significantly more "modestly" such scouts behave like IL-20, which are mainly engaged in a radio engineer.
Transport aircraft
This type of aircraft is used to transport troops and equipment. Some models of cars included in the transport aircraft are adapted for landing - both ordinary and non-parasite, carried out from extremely small heights.
In the Russian army, the Military transport aircraft IL-76 and An-26 are most often used. If you need to deliver significant by weight or volume of cargo, heavy An-124 can be applied. From the American military aircraft similar purpose, the most famous are C-5 Galaxy and C-130 Hercules.
IL-76 - the main aircraft of Russian military transport aviation
Tutorials
Being a military pilot is quite difficult. The most difficult thing to get real skills that cannot be replaced by virtual flights on a simulator or a deep study of the theory. An academic aviation is applied to solve this task. Such aircraft can be either specialized machines or combat aircraft options.
For example, SU-27UB, although it is used to teach pilots, can be used as a full fighter. At the same time, Yak-130 or British Bae Hawk - specialized training aircraft. In some cases, even such models can be attracted as a light attack aircraft to apply shocks by land targets. Usually this happens "by poverty", in the absence of full-fledged combat aircraft.
Helicopters
Although the rolling cars were limited to the time during the Second World War, after the end of the hostilities, interest in "helicopters" decreased noticeably. Soon it became clear that it was a mistake, and today helicopters are used in the armies of various countries of the world.
Transport helicopters
Conventional airplanes cannot take off and sit vertically, which narrows the area of \u200b\u200btheir application somewhat. Helicopters originally possessed this property, which made them a very attractive means for the delivery of goods and transportation of people. The first full "debut" of such cars took place during the war in Korea. The US Army, using helicopters, evacuated the wounded straight from the battlefield, delivered ammunition and equipment soldiers, created the problems to the enemy, sitting on his small armed troops in his rear.
V-22 Osprey - one of the most unusual samples of rolling technology
Today, the most typical transport helicopter in the Russian army is Mi-8. It also uses a huge heavy Mi-26. UH-60 Blackhawk, CH-47 Chinook, as well as convertoplan (aircraft and helicopter hybrid) V-22 Osprey are operated in the US Armed Forces.
Impact helicopters
The first coalcasting machine, created specifically for the defeat of the terrestrial purposes and the immediate fire support of its own troops, appeared in the USA in the 60s. It was a UH-1 Cobra helicopter, some modifications of which are used by American military and today. The functions of these machines to some extent intersect with the tasks of the attack aircraft.
In the 70s, percussion helicopters were considered almost the most effective anti-tank agent. This was made possible by new types of managed aviation missiles, such as American Tow and Hellfire, as well as Soviet "Falangam", Attacks and Vorki. A little later, combat helicopters were additionally equipped with air-air missiles.
The most "brutal" combat helicopter in the world - Mi-24 - is capable of not only to strike under ground targets, but also to transport paratroopers
The most famous machines of this class are Mi-24, Ka-52, AH-64 Apache.
Intelligence helicopters
In the Soviet, and then Russian army aviation intelligence tasks were usually imposed on specialized, but on ordinary combat or transport helicopters. In the United States, they went on another way and developed OH-58 Kiowa. Equipment posted on board of this machine allows you to confidently detect and recognize various targets at a high distance. The weak side of the helicopter is its bad protected, which sometimes led to losses.
From the Russian models, Ka-52 has the most perfect intelligence equipment, which allows you to apply this machine as a kind of "gunner".
CAPA
Over the past decades, the value of unmanned aerial vehicles has grown significantly. Drones allow reconnaissance and even apply sudden strikes for purposes, while remaining invulnerable. They are difficult not only to knock, but even just discover.
The drones are most likely to become a foreseeable future priority direction of aviation development. Such machines will, in particular, be applied as assistants for the most modern tanks and fighters of the fifth generation. Over time, they can fully displace manned combat aircraft.
Perspective Russian BPL "Hunter"
PVA
To solve anti-heart defense problems, both ordinary front-line fighters and specialized interceptors can be attracted. Special attention was paid to such aviation in the USSR, since American strategic bombers were considered a threat number 1 for a long time.
Soviet interceptors MiG-25 and MiG-31 became the most famous air defense airplanes. These are relatively minor aircraft, but they are able to quickly accelerate to speed more than 3,000 kilometers per hour.
From American fighters of similar purpose, the F-14 Tomcat received the greatest fame. This deck aircraft was the only carrier of the AIM-54 Phoenix AIM-54 AIM-54 AIM-54 Rocket Rocket and was used to protect aircraft shock groups from air attacks.
Interceptor MiG-25 on takeoff. Taking advantage of its record speed, such aircraft successfully leaving dozens of air-air missiles issued in them.
In recent decades, aviation equipment is developing not in such a rapid pace as it was before. Such fighters as F-15, F-16, F / A-18 and Su-27 are still dominated in the air force of different countries, although these cars first rose into the air in the 70-80s of the last century . Of course, this does not mean that progress stopped. The composition of weapons changes, the onboard electronics is updated, the main thing is to be revised the tactics and the strategy for the use of aviation, which in the future may become mainly unmanned. One thing is clear - whatever the technical staff of the Air Force, aircraft and helicopters will remain one of the most powerful means of achieving victory in any military conflict.
The modern military air forces of the Russian Federation are traditionally the most mobile and maneuverable type of armed forces. The equipment consisting of the equipment and other means are intended primarily to reflect the aggression in the air-space and protection of the country's administrative and industrial and economic centers, grouping of troops and important objects from the strikes of the enemy; to ensure the actions of the ground forces and the Navy; Application of strikes on the groupings of the enemy in the sky, on earth and the sea, as well as on its administrative and political and military-economic centers.
The existing Air Force in their organizational-staff structure is beginning since 2008, when the country has begun to form a new appearance of the Armed Forces of Russia. Then the command of the Air Force and Air Defense were formed, subordinates the newly created operational and strategic commands: Western, South, Central and Eastern. The General Command of the Air Force, the tasks of planning and organizing combat training, the prospective development of the Air Force, as well as the preparation of the governing staff of the governing bodies. In 2009-2010, a transition to a two-level control system of the Air Force was carried out, as a result of which the number of associations was reduced from 8 to 6, and air defense compounds were reformed in 11 brigades of air-and-space defense. The air guns were summarized in the air base with a total of about 70, including 25 tactical (front-line) airbases, of which 14 are purely fighter.
In 2014, reforming the structure of the Air Force continued: the forces and means of air defense were focused on air defense divisions, the formation of aviation divisions and regiments began in aviation. As part of the United Strategic Command "North", an Air Force and Air Defense Army is created.
The most fundamental transformation is expected in 2015: the creation of a new type of air-space forces on the basis of integration of forces and means of air force (aviation and air defense) and air-space defense troops (space forces, air defense and pro).
Simultaneously with the reorganization there is an active update of the aviation park. The replacing aircraft and helicopters of previous generations began to come their new modifications, as well as promising machines that have broader combat capabilities and flight specifications. Current and started new experimental work on promising aviation complexes were continued. The active development of unmanned aviation began.
The modern air fleet of the Russian Air Force in its number is inferior only by the US Air Force. True, its accurate quantitative composition was not officially published, but on the basis of open sources, it is possible to make quite adequate calculations. As for the update of the Parcark, then, according to the representative of the management of the press service and information of the Russian Ministry of Defense of Russia for VVS. Climova, Russia's air force only in 2015, in accordance with the state defense order, more than 150 new aircraft and helicopters will receive. These include the latest aircraft Su-30 cm, Su-30 m2, MiG-29 SMT, SU-34, SU-35 C, Yak-130, IL-76 MD-90 A, as well as Helicopters Ka-52, Mi -28 N, Mi-8 AMTS / MTV-5-1, Mi-8 MTPR, Mi-35 m, Mi-26, Ka-226 and "Anseat-y". It is also known from the words of the former commander of the Russian Air Force of Russia, Colonel-General A.Zelin, that in November 2010 the total number of personnel of the Air Force was about 170 thousand people (including 40 thousand officers).
All Russian Air Force Aviation as a genus of troops in its intended purpose and solved tasks is divided into:
- Far (strategic) aviation,
- Operational tactical (front) aircraft,
- Military transport aircraft
- Army aircraft.
In addition, the Air Force includes such types of troops as anti-aircraft missile troops, radio equipment, special troops, as well as parts and institutions of the rear (they will not be considered in this material).
In turn, aviation by childbirth is divided into:
- bomber aviation
- assault aviation
- fighter aircraft
- intelligence aviation
- transport aircraft
- special aviation.
The following are all types of aircraft as part of the Air Force of the Russian Federation, as well as promising machines. The first part of the article covers the far (strategic) and operational-tactical (front) aircraft, the second part is military transport, Rushing, special and army aircraft.
Far (strategic) aviation
Far aviation is a means of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief of Russia Armed Forces and is intended to solve strategic, operational-strategic and operational tasks on theaters of hostilities (strategic directions). Far aviation is also a component of the triads of strategic nuclear forces.
The main tasks performed in peacetime - deterrence (including nuclear) probable opponents; In the event of the beginning of the war, the maximum decrease in the military-economic potential of the enemy by damaged by its important military facilities and violation of state and military management.
The main promising areas of the development of long-distance aviation are maintaining and increasing operational opportunities to fulfill the tasks in the composition of the strategic forces of consideration and forces of general appointment through the modernization of aircraft with the extension of their service life, the purchase of new machines (Tu-160 m), as well as the creation of promising Aviation complex of long-range aviation Pak-yes.
The main armament of long-distance aircraft are managed rockets, both in nuclear and in conventional equipment:
- strategic winged rockets of high range x-55 cm;
- aerobalistic hypersonic rockets X-15 C;
- winged rockets of operational-tactical purposes X-22.
As well as free-free bombs of various caliber, including in nuclear equipment, one-time bombing cassettes, marine mines.
In the future, the armament of long-term aircraft is planned to introduce high-precision winged rockets of the new generation X-555 and X-101 with significantly increased range and accuracy.
The basis of the modern aircraft fleet of the Far Aviation Air Force of Russia is rocket bombers:
- strategic missile mines Tu-160-16 units. Up to 2020, it is possible to supply about 50 modernized Tu-160 m2 machines.
- strategic missile mines Tu-95 ms - 38 units, and about 60 more on storage. Since 2013, these aircraft are modernized to the level of Tu-95 MSM in order to extend the life.
- the long-range rocket mines-bombers Tu-22 m3 are about 40 units, and 109 more in the reserve. Since 2012, 30 aircraft upgrade is modernized to the level of Tu-22 M3 M.
Also, the far aviation includes aircraft-tankers IL-78 and intelligence aircraft Tu-22 MR.
Tu-160.
Work on the new multi-mode strategic intercontinental bomber was launched in the USSR in 1967. Having tried a variety of layout options, designers eventually came to the design of the integral lowlazine with a wing of a variable sweep with four engines installed in pairs in motogondals under the fuselage.
In 1984, Tu-160 was launched into mass production at the Kazan Aviation Plant. At the time of the collapse of the USSR, 35 aircraft (of which 8 prototypes) were released, by 1994 Capo transferred to Russia's Air Force, six more Tu-160 bombers, which were stationed under Engels in the Saratov region. In 2009, 3 new aircraft were built and put into operation, by 2015 their amount is 16 units.
In 2002, the Ministry of Defense entered into an agreement with CAPO to modernize the Tu-160 in order to gradually repair and modernize all bombers of this type in operation. According to the latest data, before 2020, 10 aircraft of modification of the Tu-160 M.Modernized machines will be sent to the Russian Air Force of the Russian Air Force, the cosmic communication system will receive, improved targeted guidance systems and electronics will be able to apply promising and upgraded (x-55 cm) Conventional bombing weapons. Due to the need to replenish the far aviation park in April 2015, Russian Defense Minister Sergei Shoigu instructed the issue of resuming the production of Tu-160 M. In May of the same year, the Supreme Commander V. V.Putin officially instructed to resume the production of improved Tu-160 m2.
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The main characteristics of Tu-160 |
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4 people |
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Wingspan |
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Wing Square |
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Mass empty |
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Normal take-off mass |
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Maximum take-off mass |
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Engines |
4 × TRDDF NK-32 |
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Maximum thrust |
4 × 18,000 kgf |
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Thrust on Foxhege |
4 × 25,000 kgf |
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2230 km / h (m \u003d 1.87) |
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Cruising speed |
917 km / h (m \u003d 0.77) |
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Maximum range without refueling |
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Battle-load range |
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Combat radius |
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Duration of flight |
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Practical ceiling |
about 22,000 M. |
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Push-power |
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Layout / Run Length |
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Armament: |
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Strategic Winged Rockets X-55 cm / x-101 |
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Tactical aerobalistic rockets x-15 with |
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Free-sided aviation bombs caliber up to 4000 kg, bomb cassettes, mines. |
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Tu-95ms
The creation of an aircraft was started by the KB headed by Andrei Tupolev in the distant 1950s. At the end of 1951, a developed project was approved, and then approved and approved by the time built by the time. The construction of the two first aircraft began at the Moscow Aviation Plant No. 156, and in the fall of 1952, an experimental sample made his first flight.
In 1956, aircraft that received the official designation of Tu-95 began to flow into terms of long-distance aviation. In the future, different modifications were developed, including carriers of anti-religious missiles.
In the late 1970s, a completely new modification of the bomber was created, which received the designation of the Tu-95 ms. The new aircraft in 1981 was launched into mass production on the Kuibyshev aircraft facing, which continued until 1992 (about 100 cars were released).
Now, the 37th Air Army Aviation Aviation Armion, consisting of two divisions, was formed as part of the Air Force of the Russian Federation, consisting of two divisions, which consists of two shelf on Tu-95 MS-16 (Amur and Saratov region) - only 38 cars. About 60 units are on storage.
In connection with the obsolescence of technology since 2013, the modernization of aircraft in the ranks to the level of Tu-95 MSM, which will last until 2025, began. They will have a new electronics, a sight-navigation complex, a complex of satellite navigation, the ability to carry new strategic winged rockets X-101 will appear.
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The main characteristics of Tu-95ms |
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7 people |
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Wingspan: |
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Wing Square |
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Mass empty |
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Normal take-off mass |
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Maximum take-off mass |
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Engines |
4 × twe NK-12 MP |
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Power |
4 × 15 000 l. from. |
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Maximum speed at height |
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Cruising speed |
about 700 km / h |
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Maximum range |
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Practical range |
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Combat radius |
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Practical ceiling |
about 11000 M. |
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Layout / Run Length |
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Armament: |
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Built-in Strategic Winged Rockets X-55 cm / x-101-6 or 16 Free airbags caliber aviation bombs up to 9000 kg, bomb cassettes, mines. |
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Tu-22m3.
The far supersonic rocket-bomber with a variable geometry of the Tu-22 m3 wing geometry is designed to conduct hostilities in the operational zones of the land and sea theaters of hostilities during the day and night in simple and complex meteo conditions. It is able to strike the Cirelets of X-22 rockets on maritime purposes, supersonic aerobalistic X-15 missiles for land targets, as well as perform aiming bombing. In the West, called "Backfire".
In total, 268 Tu-22 M3 bombers were built at the Kazan Aviation Production Association.
Currently, there are about 40 units of Tu-22 m3, and 109 more in the reserve. It is planned to modernize about 30 vehicles to the level of Tu-22 m3 m to modernize the Tu-22 M3 M capo (modification adopted in 2014). They will establish new electronics, expand the arms nomenclature due to the introduction of the latest high-precision ammunition, will extend the service resource up to 40 years.
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The main characteristics of Tu-22m3 |
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4 people |
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Wingspan: At the minimum coal of sweat At the maximum coal of sweat |
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Wing Square |
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Mass empty |
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Normal take-off mass |
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Maximum take-off mass |
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Engines |
2 × TRDDF NK-25 |
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Maximum thrust |
2 × 14 500 kgf |
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Thrust on Foxhege |
2 × 25,000 kgf |
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Maximum speed at height |
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Cruising speed |
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Range of flight |
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Warning radius with load 12 t |
1500 ... 2400 km |
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Practical ceiling |
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Layout / Run Length |
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Armament: |
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Built-in 23 mm Defensive installation with GS-23 guns |
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Anti-Developed Winged Rockets X-22 |
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Tactical aerobalistic rockets X-15 S. |
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Perspective development
Pak yes
In 2008, the financing of R & D was opened in Russia to create a promising aviation complex of the long-range aviation Pak Yes. The program provides for the development of a large-generation bombarder for replacing aircraft Airborne Airiaries. The fact that Russia's Air Force was formulated by tactical and technical requirements for the Pak program and began preparation for the participation of the design bureau in the competition for development was announced in 2007. According to the general director of OJSC "Tupolev" I.Shevchuk, a contract for the program of Pak yes won KB Tupolev. In 2011, it was reported that an activeproekt of the integration complex of the BREO of the promising complex was developed, and the Command of the Far Aviation of the Air Force of Russia issued a tactical and technical task for the creation of a promising bomber. It was announced about the plans for the construction of 100 cars, which are calculated to adopt to 2027.
As weapon, promising hypersonic missiles, high-range winged rockets of type X-101, high-precision missiles of low-range and corrected air bombs, as well as free-sided bombs will be used. It was stated that some of the samples of missiles were already developed by the Corporation "Tactical Rocket Arms". Perhaps the aircraft will also be used as an air carrier of an operational-strategic reconnaissance complex. It is possible that for self-defense, in addition to the RES complex, the bomber will be armed with air-air missiles.
Operational Tactical (Front) Aviation
Operational-tactical (front) aviation is designed to solve operational, operational-tactical and tactical tasks in operations (combat actions) of groups of troops (forces) on the theaters of hostilities (strategic directions).
The bombarding aircraft is part of the front-line aircraft is the main impact means of the Air Force mainly in the operational and operational tactical depth.
The assault aviation is designed primarily for aviation support for troops, lesions of the living force and objects mainly at the forefront, in the tactical and nearest operational depth of the enemy. In addition, it can also fight the enemy aircraft in the air.
The main promising directions for the development of bombers and attack aircraft of operational-tactical aviation are maintaining and increasing the possibilities within the framework of solving operational, operational and tactical tasks during combat operations on TVD due to the supply of new (Su-34) and modernization of existing ones (Su-25 cm ) Airplanes.
In armament of bomber and attack aircraft of front-line aviation, air-surface and air-air rockets, unmanaged missiles of different types, aviation bombs, including corrected, bombing cassettes, aviation guns are consisting.
Fighter aviation is represented by multipurpose and front-line fighters, as well as fighters-interceptors. Its purpose is to destroy aircraft, helicopters, winged rockets and unmanned aircraft enemy in the air, as well as land and maritime purposes.
The task of fighter air defense aviation is the cover of the most important directions and individual objects from the opponent's air attack by destroying its aircraft at maximum ranges using interceptors. In service with air defense, combat helicopters, special and transport aircraft and helicopters are also consisting of combat helicopters.
The main promising directions for the development of fighter aviation are maintaining and increasing the possibilities for performing the tasks due to the modernization of existing aircraft, the purchase of new machines (SU-30, SU-35), as well as the creation of a promising aircraft complex Pak-Fa, whose tests go from 2010 years and perhaps a promising long interceptor.
The main weapons of fighter aircraft are aviation controlled air-air rockets and the air-surface of various ranges, as well as free and corrected airbabs, unmanaged rockets, bombing cassettes, aviation guns. There is a development of promising missile weapons.
The modern aircraft fleet of assault and front-line bomber includes the following types of aircraft:
- the stormcuts of the SU-25-200 units, including the SU-25UB, are still 100 more stored. Despite the fact that these aircraft are adopted in the USSR, their combat potential, taking into account the modernization, remains rather high. By 2020, it is planned to modernize about 80 attack aircraft to the Su-25 cm level.
- front bombers Su-24 M - 21 units. These aircraft still soviet production are already outdated and are actively disappointed. In 2020 it is planned to dispose of all existing SU-24 M.
- fighters-bombers Su-34-69 units. The newest multipurpose aircraft, which are replaced by the outdated bombers of the Su-24 M. Commissioning Number of Su-34 ordered is 124 units that will be sent in the near future.
Su-25
Su-25 is an armored subsonic attack aircraft designed to directly support the ground forces over the battlefield. It is able to destroy spot and area targets on earth and at night with any meteo conditions. It can be said that this is the best plane of its class in the world, tested in real combat. In the SU-25 troops, he received an unofficial nickname "Grache", in the West - the designation "Frogfoot".
Serial production was conducted at aircraft plants in Tbilisi and Ulan-Ude (all the time 1320 aircraft all modifications were released, including exports).
Machines were produced in various modifications, including educational and combat SU-25UB and deck SU-25UTD for the Navy. Currently, about 200 SU-25 aircraft of different modifications consisting of 6 combat and several training airlines are located in the Russian Air Force. More than 100 units of old cars are on storage.
In 2009, the Russian Ministry of Defense announced the renewal of the procurement of SU-25 attack aircraft for the Air Force. At the same time, the modernization program of 80 machines to the Su-25 cm level was adopted. They establishes the latest electronics, including aiming complex, multifunctional indicators, new Reb funds, Suspended RLS "Spear". A new Su-25ubm aircraft adopted as a teaching and combat armament, which will have a similar SU-25 cm.
|
Main characteristics Su-25 |
|
|
1 person |
|
|
Wingspan |
|
|
Wing Square |
|
|
Mass empty |
|
|
Normal take-off mass |
|
|
Maximum take-off mass |
|
|
Engines |
2 × TRD R-95SH |
|
Maximum thrust |
2 × 4100 kgf |
|
Maximum speed |
|
|
Cruising speed |
|
|
Practical range with battle load |
|
|
Distant distance |
|
|
Practical ceiling |
|
|
Push-power |
|
|
Layout / Run Length |
|
|
Armament: |
|
|
Built-in 30 mm Two-sided gun GS-30-2 (250 patch.) On external suspension Controlled Rockets "Air Surface" - X-25 ml, X-25 MLP, C-25 L, X-29 L Avia Bones, Cassettes - Fab-500, RBC-500, Fab-250, RBC-250, Fab-100, KMSU-2 containers Rifle-cannon containers - SPU-22-1 (23 mm GS-23 gun) |
|
Su-24m
The front-line bomber with the wing of a variable sweatshirt of the Su-24 M is designed to apply rocket-bomb strikes in the operational and operational-tactful depth of the enemy in the afternoon and at night in simple and complex meteors, including at low altitudes, with a targeted lesion of ground and surface targets managed and uncontrollable ammunition. In the West, received the designation "Fency"
Serial production was carried out in them by Chkalov in Novosibirsk (with the participation of KNAAPO) until 1993, about 1,200 cars of various modifications were built, including exports.
At the junction of the centuries, due to the obsolescence of aviation equipment in Russia, a program of modernizing front-line bomber to the Su-24 m2 level was launched. In 2007, the first two Su-24 m2 were transferred to the Lipetsk Center for Combat Application. Supply in the Russian Air Force, the rest of the vehicles was completed in 2009.
Currently, 21 aircraft Su-24 M of several modifications remained in the Air Force of Russia, but as the revenues of the newest SU-34 are received, SU-24 is removed from weapons and utilized (by 2015 103 aircraft were reused). By 2020, they must be fully derived from the Air Force.
|
The main characteristics of the Su-24M |
|
|
2 people |
|
|
Wingspan At the maximum coal of sweat At the minimum coal of sweat |
|
|
Wing Square |
|
|
Mass empty |
|
|
Normal take-off mass |
|
|
Maximum take-off mass |
|
|
Engines |
2 × TRDDF AL-21 F-3 |
|
Maximum thrust |
2 × 7800 kgf |
|
Thrust on Foxhege |
2 × 11200 kgf |
|
Maximum speed at height |
1700 km / h (m \u003d 1.35) |
|
Maximum speed at an altitude of 200 m |
|
|
Distant distance |
|
|
Combat radius |
|
|
Practical ceiling |
about 11500 M. |
|
Layout / Run Length |
|
|
Armament: |
|
|
Built-in 23mm 6-Tenten GS-6-23 gun (500 patches.) On an external suspension: Controlled Air-Air Rockets - R-60 Controlled Rockets "Air-Surface" - x-25 ml / mr, x-23, x-29 l / t, x-59, C-25 l, x-58 Unmanaged rockets - 57 mm C-5, 80 mm C-8, 122-mm C-13, 240-mm C-24, 266-mm C-25 Airbobes, Cassettes - Fab-1500, Cab-1500 l / TC, Cab-500 l / Kr, ZB-500, Fab-500, RBC-500, Fab-250, RBC-250, OFAB-100, KMSU-2 containers Rifle-cannon containers - SPPU-6 (23 mm GS-6-23 gun) |
|
Su-34
The Su-34 multifunctional bomber fighter is the newest aircraft in the Russian Air Force and refers to the generation of 4+ aircraft. At the same time, it is positioned as a front-line bomber, as it should be replaced by obsolete airplanes SU-24 M.Prednival for the application of high-precision missile bombing strikes, including using nuclear weapons, on land (surface) goals at any time of day in all weather conditions . In the West there is the "Fullback" designation.
By mid-2015, 69 Su-34 aircraft were supplied to the system parts (8 prototypes) from 124 ordered.
In the future, in the Russian Air Force, it is planned to deliver about 150-200 new aircraft and by 2020 it is completely replaced by obsolete Su-24. Thus, now Su-34 is the main shock aircraft of our Air Force, capable of applying the entire nomenclature of high-precision weapons of the air-surface class.
|
Main characteristics Su-34 |
|
|
2 people |
|
|
Wingspan |
|
|
Wing Square |
|
|
Mass empty |
|
|
Normal take-off mass |
|
|
Maximum take-off mass |
|
|
Engines |
2 × TRDDF AL-31 F-M1 |
|
Maximum thrust |
2 × 8250 kgf |
|
Thrust on Foxhege |
2 × 13500 kgf |
|
Maximum speed at height |
1900 km / h (m \u003d 1.8) |
|
Maximum speed in the earth |
|
|
Distant distance |
|
|
Combat radius |
|
|
Practical ceiling |
|
|
Armament: |
|
|
Built-in - 30 mm GS-30-1 gun On an external suspension - all types of modern controlled air-air missiles and "air-surface", unmanaged rockets, airbabes, bombing cassettes |
|
The modern aircraft aircraft aircraft fleet make up the following types of aircraft:
- front fighters MiG-29 different modifications - 184 units. In addition to the modifications of the MiG-29 C, MiG-29 M and MiG-29Un, the latest MiG-29 SMT and MiG-29Ud (28 and 6 units as of 2013) were adopted for weapons. At the same time, the old construction planes are not planned to be upgraded. On the basis of MiG-29, a promising multi-purpose fighter MiG-35 was created, but the signing of a contract for its production was postponed in favor of MiG-29 SMT.
- front fighters Su-27 different modifications - 360 units, including 52 Su-27UB. Since 2010, there is re-equipment for new modifications of the Su-27 cm and the Su-27 cm3, which are supplied 82 units.
- front fighters Su-35 C - 34 units. According to the contract, by 2015 it is planned to complete the supply of a series of 48 aircraft of this type.
- multipurpose fighters Su-30 different modifications - 51 units, including 16 Su-30 m2 and 32 Su-30 cm. At the same time, the second series of SU-30 cm is currently being delivered, 30 units must be supplied until 2016.
- fighters-interceptors MiG-31 multiple modifications - 252 units. It is known that since 2014, MiG-31 BS aircraft are upgraded to the MiG-31 BSM, another 60 MG-31 B aircraft until 2020 is planned to be upgraded to the MiG-31 BM level.
MiG-29
The light front-line fighter fourth-generation MiG-29 was developed in the USSR and serially produced since 1983. In fact, it was one of the best fighters of its class in the world and, having a very successful design, was repeatedly modernized and in the form of recent modifications in the composition of the Air Force, Russia entered the 21st century as a multi-purpose. Initially intended to conquer superiority in the air in the tactical depth. In the West is known under the designation "FulCrum".
By the time of the collapse of the USSR, about 1400 cars of various options were produced at the factories in Moscow and Nizhny Novgorod. Now MiG-29 in different versions consists of army of more than two dozen countries of near and far abroad, where he managed to participate in local wars and armed conflicts.
Now in service with the Air Force of Russia consist of 184 fighter MiG-29 of the following modifications:
- MiG-29 C - had an increased combat load compared to MiG-29, equipped with new weapons;
- MiG-29 M - a multi-purpose generation fighter "4+", had an increased range and combat load, equipped with new weapons;
- MiG-29UB - Double Educational Option without RLS;
- MiG-29 SMT - the newest upgraded version with the possibility of using high-precision air-surface weapons, increased flight range, new electronics (first flight in 1997, was adopted in 2004, 28 units were delivered), the armament is placed on six sneakers and one suspended external suspension nodes, there is a built-in 30-mm gun;
- MiG-29Ud is an educational and combat version of the MiG-29 SMT (6 units delivered).
For the most part, all aircraft MiG-29 old release are physically outdated and decided to not be repaired and not upgraded, but to purchase a new technique - MiG-29 SMT (in 2014, a contract for the supply of 16 cars) and MiG-29Ud, and Also promising fighters MiG-35.
|
The main characteristics of the MiG-29 SMT |
|
|
1 person |
|
|
Wingspan |
|
|
Wing Square |
|
|
Mass empty |
|
|
Normal take-off mass |
|
|
Maximum take-off mass |
|
|
Engines |
2 × TRDDF RD-33 |
|
Maximum thrust |
2 × 5040 kgf |
|
Thrust on Foxhege |
2 × 8300 kgf |
|
Maximum speed in the earth |
|
|
Cruising speed |
|
|
Practical range |
|
|
Practical range with PTB |
2800 ... 3500 km |
|
Practical ceiling |
|
|
Armament: |
|
|
On an external suspension: Controlled Rockets "Air Surface" - X-29 L / T, X-31 A / P, X-35 KMSU-2 containers |
|
MiG-35
New Russian Multi-Purpose Fighter Generation "4 ++" MiG-35 is the deep modernization of aircraft of the MiG-29 M series, developed in the OKB MIG. According to the design, it is as unified with an early release aircraft, but it has an increased battle load and flight range, reduced radar viscosity, is equipped with a radar with an active phased antenna grid, the newest electronics, onto the Rab complex, has an open BREO architecture, the ability to refuel in the air. Double modification has the designation MiG-35 D.
MiG-35 is designed to conquer domination in the air and intercepting the air attack of the enemy, causing impacts with high-precision weapons for ground (surface) goals without entry into the Air Force and at night in all weather conditions, as well as conducting air reconnaissance using onboard agents.
The question of the equipment of the Air Force of Russia by the MiG-35 aircraft remains open until the contract with the Ministry of Defense is signed.
|
Main characteristics MiG-35 |
|
|
1 - 2 people |
|
|
Wingspan |
|
|
Wing Square |
|
|
Mass empty |
|
|
Normal take-off mass |
|
|
Maximum take-off mass |
|
|
Engines |
2 × TRDDF RD-33 MK / MKV |
|
Maximum thrust |
2 × 5400 kgf |
|
Thrust on Foxhege |
2 × 9000 kgf |
|
Maximum speed at high altitude |
2400 km / h (m \u003d 2.25) |
|
Maximum speed in the earth |
|
|
Cruising speed |
|
|
Practical range |
|
|
Practical range with PTB |
|
|
Combat radius |
|
|
Duration of flight |
|
|
Practical ceiling |
|
|
Push-power |
|
|
Armament: |
|
|
Built-in - 30-mm gun GS-30-1 (150 patch.) On an external suspension: Controlled Air-Air Rockets - P-73, R-27 R / T, R-27T / ER, R-77 Controlled Rockets "Air Surface" - x-25 ml / mr, x-29 l / t, x-31 a / p, x-35 Unmanaged rockets - 80 mm C-8, 122-mm C-13, 240-mm C-24 Avia Bones, Cassettes - Fab-500, Cab-500 l / kr, ZB-500, Fab-250, RBC-250, OFAB-100 |
|
Su-27
The front-line SU-27 fighter is a fourth-generation aircraft, developed in the USSR in the OKB dry in the early 1980s. Designed to conquer superiority in the air and was one of the best fighters of their class at one time. The latest modifications of SU-27 continue to be in service with the Russian Air Force, in addition, as a result of the deep modernization of the Su-27, new samples of the 4+ generation fighters were developed. Along with the easy front fighter fourth-generation, MiG-29 was one of the world's best aircraft in the world. On Western classification is called "Flanker".
Currently, 226 Su-27 and 52 fighters of the old issue of the Old Release are listed as part of the Air Force Parts of the Air Force. Since 2010, re-equipment has begun on the upgraded version of the Su-27 cm (first flight in 2002). Now 70 such cars are supplied to the troops. In addition, fighters of the SU-27 cm3 modification fighters are supplied (12 units are released), which differ from the previous version of the AL-31 F-M1 engines (forging 13500 kgf), enhanced glider design and additional height pendants.
|
The main characteristics of the Su-27 cm |
|
|
1 person |
|
|
Wingspan |
|
|
Wing Square |
|
|
Mass empty |
|
|
Normal take-off mass |
|
|
Maximum take-off mass |
|
|
Engines |
2 × TRDDF AL-31F |
|
Maximum thrust |
2 × 7600 kgf |
|
Thrust on Foxhege |
2 × 12500 kgf |
|
Maximum speed at high altitude |
2500 km / h (m \u003d 2.35) |
|
Maximum speed in the earth |
|
|
Practical range |
|
|
Practical ceiling |
|
|
Push-power |
more than 330 m / s |
|
Layout / Run Length |
|
|
Armament: |
|
|
Built-in - 30-mm gun GS-30-1 (150 patch.) Controlled Rockets "Air Surface" - X-29 L / T, X-31 A / P, X-59 Avia Bones, Cassettes - Fab-500, Cab-500 l / kr, ZB-500, Fab-250, RBC-250, OFAB-100 |
|
Su-30
A heavy Double Multipurpose Su-30 generation "4+" fighter was created in the OKB dry on the basis of the SU-27UB teaching and combat aircraft by re-modernization. The main purpose is to manage the group combat actions of fighters when solving the tasks of conquest of domination in air, ensuring the hostilities of other childbirth, the cover of ground troops and objects, the destruction of landing assaults, as well as the maintenance of air intelligence and the destruction of ground (surface) goals. The SU-30 features have become a large range and duration of flights and the effective management of a group of fighters. Western plane designation - "Flanker-C".
In the composition of the Russian Air Force, there are currently 3 Su-30, 16 Su-30 m2 (all production of KNAAPO) and 32 Su-30 cm (production of the Irkut plant). The last two modifications are supplied in accordance with the contracts from 2012, when two parties were ordered for 30 units of Su-30 cm (until 2016) and 16 Su-30 m2.
|
The main characteristics of Su-30 cm |
|
|
2 people |
|
|
Wingspan |
|
|
Wing Square |
|
|
Mass empty |
|
|
Normal take-off mass |
|
|
Maximum take-off mass |
|
|
Limit takeoff mass |
|
|
Engines |
2 × TRDDF AL-31FP |
|
Maximum thrust |
2 × 7700 kgf |
|
Thrust on Foxhege |
2 × 12500 kgf |
|
Maximum speed at high altitude |
2125 km / h (m \u003d 2) |
|
Maximum speed in the earth |
|
|
Flight range without refueling near the earth |
|
|
Flight range without refueling at height |
|
|
Combat radius |
|
|
Flight duration without refueling |
|
|
Practical ceiling |
|
|
Push-power |
|
|
Layout / Run Length |
|
|
Armament: |
|
|
Built-in - 30-mm gun GS-30-1 (150 patch.) On the outer suspension: controlled air-air missiles - R-73, P-27 p / t, R-27T / ER, R-77 Controlled Rockets "Air Surface" - X-29 L / T, X-31 A / P, X-59 M Unmanaged rockets - 80 mm C-8, 122-mm C-13 Avia bombes, cassettes - Fab-500, Kab-500 l / kr, Fab-250, RBC-250, km |
|
Su-35
Multipurpose ultra-superstrue Su-35 fighter refers to the 3 ++ generation and equipped with engines with a controlled thrust vector. Designed in the OKB dry, this aircraft in its characteristics close to the fighters of the fifth generation. Su-35 is designed to conquer domination in the air and interception of the air attack of the enemy, deposits with high-precision weapons for ground (surface) goals without entering the air defense zone during the day and night in any weather
conditions, as well as aerial reconnaissance using onboard agents. In the West, there is the designation "Flanker-E +".
In 2009, a contract was concluded for the supply of Russian Air Force 48 of the newest Serial Su-35c serial fighters during the period 2012-2015, of which 34 units are already in the troops. It is supposed to enter into another contract for the supply of these aircraft in 2015-2020.
|
Main characteristics Su-35 |
|
|
1 person |
|
|
Wingspan |
|
|
Wing Square |
|
|
Mass empty |
|
|
Normal take-off mass |
|
|
Maximum take-off mass |
|
|
Engines |
2 × TRDDF with OVT AL-41F1C |
|
Maximum thrust |
2 × 8800 kgf |
|
Thrust on Foxhege |
2 × 14500 kgf |
|
Maximum speed at high altitude |
2500 km / h (m \u003d 2.25) |
|
Maximum speed in the earth |
|
|
Earth's flight range |
|
|
Height flight |
3600 ... 4500 km |
|
Practical ceiling |
|
|
Push-power |
|
|
Layout / Run Length |
|
|
Armament: |
|
|
Built-in - 30-mm gun GS-30-1 (150 patch.) On an external suspension: Controlled Air-Air Rockets - P-73, R-27 R / T, R-27T / ER, R-77 Controlled Rockets "Air-Surface" - X-29 T / L, X-31 A / P, X-59 M, perspective rockets of high range Unmanaged rockets - 80 mm C-8, 122-mm C-13, 266-mm C-25 Avia bibles, cassettes - 500 l / kr, Fab-500, Fab-250, RBC-250, km |
|
MiG 31.
Double supersonic all-weather fighter-interceptor of the distant radius of the MiG-31 action was developed in the USSR in the Mikoyan OKB in the 1970s. At that time it was the first fourth-generation aircraft. Designed for interception and destruction of air targets at all heights - from extremely small to the largest, day and night, in any meteo conditions, in a complex interference situation. In fact, the main task of MiG-31 was the interception of winged missiles in the entire range of heights and speeds, as well as low-fat satellites. The most high-speed combat aircraft. Modern MiG-31 BM has onboard radar with unique characteristics so far inaccessible to other foreign aircraft. In Western classification, the designation "Foxhound" has the designation.
The MiG-31 interceptors (252 units) fighters are now in service with the Air Force, MiG-31 (252 units):
- MiG-31 B - serial modification with refueling system in the air (adopted in the 1990s)
- MiG-31 BS is a variant of the basic MiG-31, upgraded to the MiG-31 B level, but without a refueling rod in the air.
- MiG-31 BM - upgraded version with RLS "Barn-M" (developed in 1998), which has increased to 320 km range, equipped with the latest electronic systems, including satellite navigation capable of using controlled air-surface missiles. Until 2020, it is planned to modernize 60 MiG-31 B to the MiG-31 BM level. The second stage of the state testing of the aircraft ended in 2012.
- MiG-31 BSM is an upgraded version of the MiG-31 BS with the RLS "barrier-M" and the corresponding electronics. Modernization of crashing aircraft is conducted since 2014.
Thus, 60 MiG-31 BM airers and 30-40 MiG-31 BSM will be in service with the Air Force and 30-40 MiG-31 BSMs, and approximately 150 old release machines will be written off. It is possible that in the future a new interceptor will appear, known under the conventional name MiG-41.
|
The main characteristics of the MiG-31 BM |
|
|
2 people |
|
|
Wingspan |
|
|
Wing Square |
|
|
Mass empty |
|
|
Maximum take-off mass |
|
|
Engines |
2 × TRDDF D-30 F6 |
|
Maximum thrust |
2 × 9500 kgf |
|
Thrust on Foxhege |
2 × 15500 kgf |
|
Maximum speed at high altitude |
3000 km / h (m \u003d 2.82) |
|
Maximum speed in the earth |
|
|
Cruising speed dosvukovaya |
|
|
Cruising speed supersonic |
|
|
Practical range |
1450 ... 3000 km |
|
Flight range at a large altitude with one refueling |
|
|
Combat radius |
|
|
Practical ceiling |
|
|
Push-power |
|
|
Layout / Run Length |
|
|
Armament: |
|
|
Built-in: 23-mm 6-Tenten GS-23-6 (260 patch.) On an external suspension: Controlled Air-Air Rockets - R-60 M, R-73, R-77, P-40, R-33 C, R-37 Controlled Rockets "Air Surface" - X-25 MPU, X-29 T / L, X-31 A / P, X-59 M Avia Bones, Cassettes - 500 L / CB, Fab-500, Fab-250, RBC-250 |
|
Perspective development
Pak Fau
The promising aircraft complex of front-line aviation - Pak Fa - includes a multi-purpose fighter of the fifth generation, developed by the OKB dry under the symbol of T-50. By combination of the characteristics, all foreign analogues will be exceeded and in the near future, after adopting into armaments, it will be the main aircraft of the Fighter Front Aviation of the Air Force.
Pak Fa is designed to conquer domination in the air and interception of air attack of the enemy in all height bands, as well as deposits with high-precision weapons on ground (surface) goals without entering the air defense zone and at night in all weather conditions, can be involved in air intelligence Using onboard agents. The aircraft fully meets all the requirements for fighters of the fifth generation: unimprovability, supersonic cruising speed, high maneuverability with large overloads, advanced electronics, multifunctionality.
According to the plans, the serial production of the T-50 aircraft for the Air Force of Russia should begin in 2016, and by 2020 the first air units equipped with them will appear in Russia. It is also known that production and export is possible. In particular, in conjunction with India, an export modification is created, which received the FGFA designation (Fifth Generation Fighter AirCraft).
|
Key Features (Supplementary) Pak Fa |
|
|
1 person |
|
|
Wingspan |
|
|
Wing Square |
|
|
Mass empty |
|
|
Normal take-off mass |
|
|
Maximum take-off mass |
|
|
Engines |
2 × TRDDF with UVT AL-41F1 |
|
Maximum thrust |
2 × 8800 kgf |
|
Thrust on Foxhege |
2 × 15000 kgf |
|
Maximum speed at high altitude |
|
|
Cruising speed |
|
|
Practical range at the subsonic speed |
2700 ... 4300 km |
|
Practical range with PTB |
|
|
Practical range on supersonic speed |
1200 ... 2000 km |
|
Duration of flight |
|
|
Practical ceiling |
|
|
Push-power |
|
|
Armament: |
|
|
Built-in - 30 mm gun 9 A1-4071 K (260 patch.) On the inner suspension - all types of modern and promising controlled air-air missiles and air-surface, airbab, bombing cassettes |
|
Pak-dp (MIG-41)
Some sources report that at present, the OKB MIG together with the KB Falcon Aviation (Nizhny Novgorod) leads the development of a long-term fighter-interceptor with the conditional name "Perspective Aviation Complex of the Far Interception" - Pak DP, also known as MiG-41. It was stated that the development was launched in 2013 on the basis of the MiG-31 fighter by order of the Head of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of Russia. It may be referred to in mind the deep modernization of the MiG-31, the study of which was carried out earlier, but was not implemented. It was also reported that a promising interceptor is planned to be developed under the arms program until 2020 and adopt to 2028.
In 2014, the media appeared in the media that the GSC commission of Russia, Bondarev, stated that only research work was now there, and since 2017, it is planned to begin experimental design work on the creation of a promising aviation complex of long-distance interception.
(continued in the next issue)
Consolidated chart of quantitative aircraft
Air Force of the Russian Federation (2014-2015) *
|
Type of aircraft |
number |
Scheduled |
Scheduled |
|
Bombarding aviation in the distance of far aviation |
|||
|
Strategic missile mines Tu-160 |
|||
|
Strategic missile mines Tu-95ms |
|||
|
Dzlnia Rocket Mountain Bombers Tu-22m3 |
|||
|
Bomber and assault aviation as part of frontal aviation |
|||
|
Navigator Su-25 |
|||
|
Front bombers Su-24m |
|||
|
SU-34 bombers fighters |
124 (total) |
||
|
Fighter Aviation in Front Aviation |
|||
|
Front fighters MiG-29, MiG-29SMT |
|||
|
Front Fighters Su-27, Su-27cm |
|||
|
Front Fighters Su-35s |
|||
|
Multipurpose fighters Su-30, Su-30cm |
|||
|
Fighters-interceptors MiG-31, MiG-31BSM |
|||
|
Perspective Aviation Complex of Front Aviation - Pak Fa |
|||
|
Military Transport Aviation |
|||
|
An-22 transport aircraft |
|||
|
Transport aircraft An-124 and An-124-100 |
|||
|
IL-76M transport aircraft, IL-76MDM, IL-76MD-90A |
|||
|
Transport aircraft An-12 |
|||
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Ant-72 transport aircraft |
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Transport aircraft An-26, An-24 |
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Transport and passenger aircraft Il-18, Tu-134, IL-62, Tu-154, An-148, An-140 |
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Perspective military transport aircraft IL-112B |
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Perspective military transport aircraft IL-214 |
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Helicopters of army aviation |
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Mi-8M Multipurpose Helicopters, Mi-8amSh, Mi-8Mt, Mi-8MTV |
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Mi-24V, MI-24P, Mi-35 Transport and Combat Helicopters |
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Mi-28N shock helicopters |
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Percussion helicopters ka-50 |
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Percussion helicopters Ka-52 |
146 (total) |
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Transport helicopters Mi-26, Mi-26M |
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Perspective multi-purpose Mi-38 helicopter |
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Intelligence and Special Aviation |
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Airplanes Dreloy A-50, A-50U |
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Rear and Reb IL-20M aircraft |
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An-30 scouting planes |
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OT-214R scouts |
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Tu-214on scouts |
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Air Commands IL-80 |
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Airplanes-tankers IL-78, IL-78M |
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Perspective aircraft dryyu a-100 |
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Perspective aircraft RER and Rab A-90 |
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Airplane-refaster Il-96-400tz |
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Unmanned aerial vehicles (transferred land forces) |
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"Bee-1T" |
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The history of military aviation began almost immediately after the first flight of the aircraft of Americans Rait brothers, held in 1903 - after a few years the military majority of the world's armies realized that the aircraft could become a wonderful weapon. With the beginning of the First World War, combat aviation as a genus of troops was already quite serious - first found the use of intelligence aviation, which allowed the opponent's full and operational data on the movements of the enemy's troops, followed by bombers, first improvised, and then special buildings. Finally, fighter aviation was created to counteract the enemy airplanes. Aces aces appeared, on the successes of which films were filmed and newspapers wrote with admiration. Soon, the Navy was created by the Navy - naval aviation originated, the first air transport and aircraft carriers began to be built. A truly one of the main generics of troops Military aviation has shown himself with the beginning of World War II. Luftwaffe bombers and fighters became one of the main tools of German blitzkrieg, predetermined German's success of the first years of war at all fronts, and the Japanese sea aviation as the main impact power of the Navy attack on Pearl Harbor set the course of hostilities in the Pacific Ocean. The UK's fighter aviation has become a decisive factor prevented by the invasion of the island, and the allied strategic bombers put Germany and Japan on the edge of the catastrophe. The Legend of the Soviet-German front was the Soviet assault aviation. Military aircraft are aircraft used for military front-line or respectively combat departures designed for greater power excluding economy, unlike civil aviation aircraft. Military aircraft, first of all, high ventilation requires, as well as high speed, height and range of flight. For operational air war operation, long-range bombers and missile mines are served to destroy military facilities. Airplanes-tankers, which on board have only fuel, have the ability to refuel combat aircraft directly in flight. Military aircraft include long-range reconnaissance aircraft with high range, height and flight speed. Fighter aircraft (or fighters), fighters-bombers, light bombers and tactical intelligence planes are belonging to tactical military aircraft. Modern military aircraft are often constructed as a multi-purpose, i.e. They are intended for combat use as attack aircraft, fighters-interceptor and scouts. 1) Fighter aircraft (fighters) The fighter aircraft is a very fast single or double combat aircraft to destroy (search) enemy combat aircraft, unmanned rockets, etc. All modern fighters, as a drive, are equipped with one or two air-reactive engines. The speed exceeds the sound and currently about 3,500 km / h, the durability of the earth is over 200 m / s and the maximum working height of up to 30,000 m. The weapon consists of 2 to 5 fixed automatic guns (with a caliber from 2.0 to 3 , 7 cm) and ballistic, radio-controlled or self-controlled air-air missiles. In addition, for the most part, fighter aircraft have extensive electronic equipment, such as radar, recognition device, etc. Heavy fighter fighter fighters combine flight power and flight quality fighters - high combat speed and vertegeneration, greater maximum flight height, good maneuverability - and the quality of light and medium bombers - greater range, good weapons, high load capacity, extensive Electronic and radar equipment. In their fighting, they differ in high polyhedral. Among their intended purpose, among other things, there are actions to intercept and storming ground targets, search for submarines, support for ships and ground combat operations, combat use as a support fighter or scout aircraft. Armament and equipment respectively corresponds to the tasks. Radar settings are standard; Armament consists, as a rule, from large-caliber cannons and missiles (air-air or air-to-ground class), as well as bombs and torpedoes as bomber weapons. Since there are no free space in the fuselage of these military aircraft, then bombs, rockets and additional fuel tanks are suspended under and at the ends of the wings. High-speed indicators of heavy bombers are between the number of Maha 0.2 and 2, the maximum flight height is from 15,000 to 20,000 m, flight range is from 1500 to 4500 km. Previously, there were special night fighters, which were used specifically for conducting hostilities at night, as they were equipped with devices for the blind flight. Most of the modern fighter aircraft are all-weather, i.e. They can make combat units with bad weather conditions, as well as at night. Also, often, all-weather fighter aircraft are called heavy fighters, as they are in most cases double and equipped with two engines. The essence of effective air defense is to "intercept" the flushing enemy and prevent the fulfillment of its combat knowledge, and therefore destroy. This requires fighter aircraft with good electricity, high speeds, with a large maximum flight height and good weapons, namely, interceptor fighters. First of all, they are divided into proximity to the border of industrial centers and other protected objects. The use of high-speed and high-speed combat aircraft (bomber) with a jet engine significantly improved the requirements for racing, speed and maximum height of interceptor fighters. From this flows the following power characteristics: the maximum speed from 2000 to 2500 km / h, the flight range is 2000-3500 km. Such indicators require, with a middle take-off mass from 7 to 12 tons, the use of engines with a load from 3000 to 5000 kgf, whose power may increase by another 50% due to the additional fuel combustion. For short-term acceleration, especially when set of height, additional rocket motor installations can serve. 2) Airplanes-bombers (bombers) Fighter aircraft are primarily used to solve defensive tasks, offensive actions are available for bombarders. The bomber is a big, heavy military aircraft with several turbojet engines (reactive turbines or turboprop engines). On short runways or with excessive loading, bombers are often equipped with auxiliary starting missiles. Before bombers there is a challenge quickly and at high altitude to attack bombs in the form of bombs far away. Because of the big danger, when approaching the target in the enemy district, more and more bomber improves to the rocket mines who launch rockets at a large distance from the target and remotely control to its defeat, while the bomber himself is outside the district, which is controlled by the enemy. The take-off mass of modern bombers reaches 230 tons, and a complete thrust of over 50,000 kgf or, accordingly, the total capacity of approximately 50,000 hp The bomb load depends on the tactical radius of action; It is without refueling up to 16,000 km, when refueling in the air and more. The height of the flight reaches 20,000 m, and the crew can be 12 people. The speed of modern bombers exceeds the mark in 2000 km / h; At the moment, bombers are designed, which will have even more speed. Defensive armament consists of rockets, machine guns and automatic guns. Like all kinds of aircraft, bombers can also be classified according to different aspects, for example, on a bomb load and thus take-off (light, medium and heavy bombers) or, depending on their combat use (tactical and strategic bombers). Tactical bombers are aircraft that are intended to solve certain particular tasks of operational warfare, namely for tactical tasks. Under this implies such actions that change the situation on a certain section of the front and subordinate to themselves all the goal, and consequently the destruction in a certain area of \u200b\u200bconcentration of enemy troops, areas of collection, fireproof positions, airfields, trials, etc. Based on this setting of the problem, we can formulate the basic requirements for tactical bomber: high combat speed, bomb load up to 10 tons, flight limit range up to 6000 km. Due to these requirements, structural features are determined, which can be summarized as follows: an aircraft with one, two, three or four jet engines with a taking place from 20 to 50 tons, with a controlled by defensive weapons or air-air missiles, electronic and radar equipment, with a solid housing capable of withstanding heavy loads under flight at low heights. Of all this it can be argued that tactical bombers have a certain similarity with heavy fighters, both in their tasks and parameters. Strategic bombers. The strategy is a science of war on a large scale. The word strategic means large-scale fighting. This also explains the combat application of strategic bombers. These military aircraft are designed to perform combat missions in the deep enemy rear. All bombers are equipped with radar devices (radar) to find the goal and location of attacking fighter aircraft. Combat departure is performed by small groups or alone. Since modern bombers have almost the same speed as fighters, the same flight range with them, as well as significant defense capability due to air-air missiles, today often refuse to cover fighters. For the first time, bombers began to be applied during the First World War alone or as part of small groups. In World War II, "massive" combat departures took place in large groups, which had several hundred bombers and flew under the cover of fighter aircraft. The then bomber had several engines, were relatively slow, calculated on the maximum bomb loading and a large number of defensive weapons. Modern, on the contrary, are designed for high range, height, as well as flight speed. In most cases, reconnaissance aircraft flew ahead and were intended to find the goal. In contrast to the then bomber, they were equipped with radar devices. Thanks to the luminous aviation bombs discharged on the parachutes, the target designation occurred. A special type was considered a peer-based bomber, which from a high height approached the target, then tagged it in a rapid picing flight, and from a short distance he dropped one or more bombs. After that, the bomber again leveled his position in flight. After the design of intercontinental missiles, it was believed that strategic bombers were outdated. But thanks to their improvement to rocket mines and before flying starting plants, they have recently gained their meaning. 3) Scout Airplanes (Scouts) These are multi-place, easily armed fighters or bombers (without bombing loads), which are equipped with aerial photographer, radar devices, often devices for transmitting television signals or also ship aircraft for air intake, i.e. For exploration of positions, objects, etc. enemy, territory and weather conditions in the interests of all parts of their own armed forces. Previously, depending on the maximum range of flight and the field of application, aircraft reconnaissance reconnaissance and long-range action were distinguished. Today they say, depending on the combat, about tactical and strategic scouts. There are special intelligence aircraft to conduct artillery fire from air, for exploration of the area in the shelling zone of their own artillery due to visual exploration or aerial photographs, as well as to control the disguiseness of their own artillery. Such aircraft are called artillery aircraft. They relate to short-range reconnaissance or tactical scouts. 4) Military Transport Aircraft These are large aircraft that have from 2 to 8 engines and the range of flights from 3000 km and more. They have light weapons or are not armed at all and are intended for transportation of supply items for troops (food, fuel, ammunition, weapons, also tools, tanks, vehicles, etc.). Military transport aircraft are used for landing (landing) of airborne troops, as well as transportation of troops during regrouping. The fleet of vehicles of military transport aviation consists of transport aircraft, cargo gliders and helicopters, which are equipped accordingly. See also:
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