Pavel Vasiliev was born on December 25, 1910 in the provincial town of Zaisan, Semipalatinsk region. His father Nikolai Kornilovich is a teacher, the son of a washerwoman and a sawmill worker.
The formation of Pavel Vasiliev’s poetic character was influenced by big influence his paternal grandmother Maria Feodorovna and grandfather Kornila Ilyich. Illiterate, they had the rare gift of composing and telling fairy tales; P. Vasiliev owes them much of his knowledge of Russian folklore, which was later reflected in different ways in his work.
The poet's spiritual development took place in the environment of provincial teachers, who played a huge role in Russia. Teachers brought to the people not only literacy, but also the advanced ideas of the Russian intelligentsia; they were “universalists” - they taught children, staged plays, introduced the population to classical literature and music. It was this environment that instilled in P. Vasiliev a love of art and poetry.
The boy saw life as diverse and harsh. Ethnic composition The Irtysh region was unusually colorful, multilingual speech was heard at bazaars and fairs, on mountain and steppe roads, on barges and mines. Kazakhs, Russians, Ukrainians, Germans, and Mongols lived here. Along coastline Along the Irtysh River, in a strip thirty miles wide, there were rich Cossack villages with their heavy traditional military way of life. A glow hung over the childhood of the future poet civil war, everything sank into his memory, into his soul, so that later what he saw, with the help of an unusually strong talent and flaming imagination, would appear in the verbal colors, sounds and rhythms of his poems and poems.
After graduating from fourth grade, P. Vasiliev made a trip with his father to the village of Bolshe-Narymskoye, located at the foot of the Narym ridge Altai mountains. And if earlier he only read poetry - by Pushkin, Lermontov, Yazykov, Maykov, Nekrasov - then this time in the face of untouched centuries-old nature, still intuitively, without any artistic goals, he himself wanted to express his feelings in poetic form. The autograph of the first poem, written in the Baldyn Gorge on June 24, 1921, has been preserved.
After graduating from Pavlodar high school P. Vasiliev goes to Vladivostok and enters the university at the Japanese department of the Faculty of Oriental Languages. He remains captivated by poetry. He reads Blok, Bryusov, Dravert, Tikhonov, Mayakovsky, Pasternak, Aseev. And completely captivated by Yesenin’s lyrics.
On November 6, 1926, Vasilyev’s name appeared in print for the first time: the Vladivostok newspaper “Red Young People” published the poem “October”.
The young poet was noticed by the poet Rurik Ivnev and journalist Lev Povitsky, who were in Vladivostok at that time. They arranged the first public speaking P. Vasilyeva. The evening was a great success.
With the coming winter holidays Having received a scholarship, on December 18, 1926, P. Vasiliev with letters of recommendation from R. Ivnev and L. Povitsky left Vladivostok for Moscow. But he stopped on the way in Novosibirsk and published several poems in the newspaper “Soviet Siberia” and the magazine “Siberian Lights”.
He appeared in Moscow briefly in July 1927. He visited the Union of Poets, in the editorial office of Komsomolskaya Pravda, where he was very warmly received by I. Utkin and S. Olender. Soon " TVNZ"Priortyshsky villages" published it.
P. Vasiliev listened sensitively to the capital's poetry, kept a keen eye on various literary groups and was rather skeptical about their declarations.
Since the beginning of 1928, P. Vasiliev has lived in Omsk, where his parents moved from Pavlodar.
He works a lot and experiments. In Siberian periodicals he publishes “Steamboat”, “Vodnik”, “Siberia”, “Pushkin”, “Asian”, “Through the eyes of fish beliefs...”. The last two things can be considered key; perhaps, independent creative path P. Vasilyeva.
Through the eyes of fish beliefs
My country is still watching,
Red and fresh fish feathers,
Fish scales do not go out.
And in the willows bending towards the water
Then the trumpets of regiments broken,
That's with a balalaika string.
I believe that they didn’t eat without legs,
The road meets the cloud,
And the monsters are still alive -
And a goose bird and an ide fish.
This fabulousness, folkloric colorism will gradually, over the years, be used in many of Vasiliev’s works - both in lyrics and in poems. One has only to remember the deep, full of philosophical reflection, charming in tone poem “Summer” - and it will become clear that in its beginning Vasiliev says about himself:
Believing in simple words,
In the slanting winds from bird wings,
Guide throughout Russia
You led a fairy tale by the hand.
Yes, he carried this fairy tale, intertwined with living reality, it accompanied him on his travels around the country. P. Vasiliev traveled the length and breadth of Siberia. He saw all sorts of places, worked in various ways: as a prospector in gold mines in the spurs of the Yablonovy Ridge, as a musher in the tundra, as a cultural worker in the Suchansky coal mines, as a freight forwarder, as a physical education instructor, sailed on barges along the Ob, Yenisei, and Amur. During the 1929 navigation in the Far Eastern seas, Vasiliev worked as a helmsman on a coasting vessel, then on a fishing vessel, assigned to the port of Vladivostok. In August 1929, P. Vasiliev sailed to Japan on the schooner “Red India”. He himself spoke about this in the essay “A Day in Hakodate.” At this time, the poet tries to write in prose - and successfully. His truthful, psychologically accurate and romantic essays were included in two books, “People in the Taiga” and “In Golden Intelligence,” published in Moscow in 1930.
In the fall of 1929, nineteen-year-old P. Vasiliev again came to the capital and entered the Higher State Literary Courses. He lives permanently in Kuntsevo, works hard on poetry, and often visits the famous Galyanovka - a student dormitory behind the Pokrovsky Bridge on the Yauza. Poetry evenings were held there almost every day; V. Kazin, A. Zharov, I. Utkin, V. Nasedkin, M. Svetlov, actress Elga Kaminskaya, who infectiously read S. Yesenin’s poetry, came there.
I remember Yesenin in St. Petersburg, Suddenly rising above the Neva, Like a dream, like a vision, like a wild blizzard, With green leaves and a flaxen head. I remember autumn Vladivostok, the station smelling of the frantic sea, and Pavel Vasilyev with cruel pain, in his eyes that were not yet closed forever... Rurik Ivnev, March 1965For his contemporaries, his talent was obvious. The above lines by Rurik Ivnev are far from the only ones in which this patriarch of Russian poetry compared Pavel Vasiliev with Sergei Yesenin, his close friend. Alexey Tolstoy spoke of him as the Soviet Pushkin. Anatoly Lunacharsky considered him a rising luminary of new Russian poetry. Vladimir Soloukhin put his name immediately after the names of Pushkin, Lermontov, Blok and Yesenin. And Boris Pasternak wrote the following words about him in 1956:
In the early thirties, Pavel Vasiliev made an impression on me of approximately the same order as Yesenin and Mayakovsky had done in their time earlier, when I first met them. He was comparable to them, especially Yesenin, in creative expressiveness and the power of his gift and promised immeasurably much, because, in contrast to the tragic tension that internally shortened the life of the latter, he controlled and disposed of his stormy inclinations with cold calm. He had that bright, swift and happy imagination, without which there is no great poetry and examples of which to such an extent I have never seen in anyone else in all the years that have passed since his death...
On a very large poetic website (I quote the very top line of the main page:“The first large poetry server of the Russian network; today - 19,702 poems, 194 poets, 891 articles") probably tells about everyone who left at least some noticeable mark in our poetry. IN general list Some luminaries and not so great ones are listed there.
Eduard Bagritsky is there. Agniya Barto. There are Demyan Bedny, Viktor Bokov, Konstantin Vanshenkin. Evgeny Dolmatovsky and Vera Inber. Naum Korzhavin and Vasily Lebedev-Kumach. Alexander Kochetkov and Nikolai Rubtsov. Ilya Selvinsky and Nikolai Tikhonov. Sergei Mikhalkov and Lev Oshanin. Alexey Surkov and Stepan Shchipachev.
Of course, there is Pushkin, and Mayakovsky, and Lermontov, and Gorky, and Yesenin, and Blok, and Mandelstam, and Bunin, and Akhmatova, and Brodsky...
There are also those talented young poets of the post-revolutionary years whose lives were cut short so early and so tragically. We have already written about some of them: Pavel Kogan, Boris Kornilov, Joseph Utkin, Dmitry Kedrov, Semyon Gudzenko.
Who isn't there...
Pavel Vasiliev is not there.
First the aspen forest ran by, then the oak trees passed, then, wrapped in blue sheepskins, thunder struck the tambourines with a bang. Fire danced in the eyes of those who had been planted, And the clouds began to rest, And the rain danced on the grasses scorched by their hooves. The bent run of the trees became strange under the open sky, And still it was as if it had not been, And if it had been, under this sky a man was leveled with the ground. May 1932 Lubyanka. Inner prisonFor twenty years his name and his poems were under a complete, absolute ban. What can we say about ordinary readers - according to the memoirs of the poet Kirill Kovaldzhi, even students of the Literary Institute, whose entire lives were spent in a literary environment, whose mentors were the most famous Soviet writers, did not have the slightest idea not only about poetry, but also about poetry itself. named after Pavel Vasiliev.
About the name of the poet, whose talent was quite comparable to the talent of Yesenin or Mandelstam...
All cotton, summer dream, Your forgotten name Will be found one among the others. Unfading life lurks in it: The shadow of the wind in the field, the smells of foliage, The early morning freshness of the coasts, The foreboding glow, slow and fresh, And the long whistle of a bird's bowstring, And the dark hop of your hair still. Eyes in the smoke. And if you have a dream, I will kiss the heavy eyelashes, Like a dove drinks - lightly and hotly. And maybe it will seem to me again that you have been captured by me again. And, as then, everything will be stupid - The cheerful heat of a golden tan, fluff at the lips and a knee-length skirt. 1932He was young and handsome, this Siberian guy. Women loved him, and he loved them. He was cocky, self-confident and often obnoxious. Nikolay Aseev - in 1956, in official document for the prosecutor's office - outlined it psychological picture in the following words:
The character is unbalanced, quickly moving from calm state to strong excitement. Increased impressionability, exaggerating everything gigantic size. This property of poetic perception of the world is often observed in great poets and writers, such as Gogol, Dostoevsky, Rabelais. But all these qualities have not yet been polished to the full brilliance of that restless nature that has not found life in life, which Pavel Vasiliev represented. Hence his proud impulses, resentment at not being fully recognized and even some, I would say, anger at the quick and undeserved successes of other poets, less talented, but more intelligent and adapting to the circumstances of the time...
Pavel Vasiliev was born and raised far, far from the capital's cultural centers of Russia - in Zaisan, a place near Pavlodar (now this city is located in Kazakhstan), in the family of a mathematics teacher, a native of the Cossacks. Very early he began to read, write his first poems and show his irrepressible, rebellious character. After one major disagreement with his father, 15-year-old Pavel... simply ran away from home. I got to Omsk, didn’t stay there either, and went to Pacific Ocean, to Vladivostok. It was in Vladivostok that he was noticed by Rurik Ivnev, who was there on a business trip, who helped Pavel with publication in a local newspaper and organized his first public appearance. In a poem called "To Pavel Vasiliev", written at the same time, in 1926, Rurik Ivnev first compared Pavel with his recently dead friend Yesenin:
Pavel quickly had to say goodbye to his initial plans to study at the Far Eastern University. He travels around Siberia, working in whatever way he can: as a longshoreman, as a cabin boy on a ship, as a prospector in gold mines, as a musher in the tundra, as a helmsman, as a freight forwarder, as a cultural worker, and as a physical education instructor.
In July 1927, Pavel Vasiliev - with letter of recommendation from Rurik Ivnev - reached Moscow. But he didn’t manage to go to study there that time, and he had to return. Reconciliation with his father occurred in Omsk, where his parents had also moved by that time.
One of the poems of young Pavel Vasiliev, published in the Omsk newspaper “Rabochy Put” in May 1927:
There, in Omsk, Pavel Vasiliev met his first wife. Hearing him read his poems, 17-year-old Galina Anuchina was captivated by him: “I loved him immediately. He was handsome and wrote beautiful poetry.". And Pavel - Pavel fell mortally in love with her. I came to him great love. Maybe for the first time... but far from the last.
This happened in the summer of 1928, and in 1930 they got married. But they lived apart: in the fall of 1929, Pavel Vasiliev finally moved to Moscow, enrolling in the Higher Literary Courses. He made new friends and new fans. His poems were published in the most reputable publications. And he himself was perfectly aware of the magnitude of his talent and did not consider it necessary to hide it. It seemed that a little more - and he would take the place of the untimely departed Yesenin in poetry. The poet Sergei Klychkov, one of the notorious trio “Klychkov - Klyuev - Yesenin,” spoke about him as follows:
The period of so-called peasant romantic poetry is over. With the arrival of Pavel Vasiliev comes new period- heroic. The poet sees far ahead from the heights of our time. This is a young man with a silver trumpet, heralding the coming of the future...
“Notoriety has spread, // That I am a bawdy and a brawler”
, - Sergei Yesenin wrote these lines about himself. Unfortunately, the “notoriety” about Pavel Vasiliev was not inferior to Yesenin’s. Even in Siberia, a long trail of drinking bouts, scandals and police reports followed him. But a different time has come: not the beginning of the 20s, like Yesenin, but the beginning of the 30s...After graduating from the Omsk Construction College in 1931, Galina Anuchina came to her husband in Moscow. However, their Moscow life together, full of everyday troubles and worries, did not last too long: in December 1932, Pavel Vasiliev took his pregnant wife back to Omsk. Their young family fell apart. But every cloud has a silver lining: this is precisely what saved - just a few years later - both Galina Anuchina herself and only daughter Pavel Vasilyeva, born in 1933...
How forgotten you have become, how strict you have become, and how you have forgotten about me forever. Don't laugh! And don't touch my hands! Long glances from under my eyelids did not suit me. No news! Are you really different? I know everything, I cursed you all. Distant, damned, dear, Love me even without loving me! 1932It must be said that 1932 was an eventful year in the life of Pavel Vasiliev. In March of that year, the “young man with a silver trumpet” was arrested in the so-called case of the anti-Soviet group “Sibiryaki” (the poet Leonid Martynov was also involved in the same case). This was the first serious meeting Pavel Vasilyeva with organs state security. Then everything turned out relatively painlessly for him: he received a suspended sentence. Other poets involved in this case were less fortunate. Probably, Pavel was helped by the intercession of Ivan Mikhailovich Gronsky, at that time a very influential person in literary circles, executive editor of the Izvestia newspaper and chairman of the organizing committee of the Congress of Soviet Writers. It was since then that I.M. Gronsky became a kind of guardian angel of Pavel Vasiliev, trying, if possible, to protect the young poet from the troubles that threatened him. How possible was it then to save him...
Lonely blood under a heated shirt, How silent was the resentment in your eyes. Nothing, dear! I indulged with this one, Not loving her one bit, not loving her at all. 1932Galina Anuchina was the first great love poet and his first wife. And at the end of 1932, another woman burst into his life, who the next year would become his wife and just five years later - his widow. She will have to go through many insults and many misfortunes, but she will retain her love for Pavel until the very end.
Elena Vyalova was I.M. Gronsky's sister-in-law (she was sister his wife Lydia). They met at Gronsky's house. Returning from Omsk, Pavel Vasiliev after some time came to Elena - in her small room on the first floor.
From the memoirs of Natalya Furman-Vasilieva, Pavel Vasiliev’s daughter from his first marriage:
As a true poet, P. Vasiliev was very amorous. In his a big heart so much grace came that there was enough for both poetry and women. Having met his next passion, each time he fell mortally in love, then, as a rule, the beauty, having suffered with him, left him...
His second wife, Elena Vyalova, suffered the most with him. But in 1936, Vasiliev finally calmed down... The hunted and humiliated poet turned from a “skirt lover” into a faithful husband and was no longer separated from his Elena.
A frequently quoted poem by Pavel Vasiliev called “Beloved” is dedicated to Elena Vyalova. This is probably an impromptu - the autograph has the author’s note: “Poems at once.”
| Thank God, I still [have] property: An apartment, boots, A handful of tobacco. I still control your Hand, I still control your Love. And let him try to encroach on you, My enemy, friend, or neighbor, - It’s easier for him to steal [snatch] the cubs from the she-wolf, Than from you from me, My light, my light! You are my property, My estate, Here I planted My poplars. Stronger than all closures and tougher than tin | The blood indicates: “She is mine.” My life is a fault, My heart is a fault, In it everything is still going on as it was before, And let them try to go to war against the light shadow of Your hair! I haven’t told anyone anywhere yet that I’m parting with the damned right to drink alone from the last strength of your lips, unconsciousness and poison. [ And when they rush from edge to edge, Marking us with songs and bullets, | I, who swore so much to you, - Dying, will not agree and will say: “I will not give it up.”] Sleep, I’m nearby, Your own, alive, Even in my dreams Don’t contradict me: Covering you with my own wing, I protect our love. And tomorrow, When the dawn gives fire and more fire as a reward, We will stand, Chained, sinners, Side by side - And let it burn You and burn me. 1932 |
... Elena truly loved Pavel and forgave him everything. But there were many people who could not and did not want to forgive Pavel Vasiliev anything. For many, this bright, incredibly talented, self-aware and careless person aroused sincere hostility. No, sticking out from the general ranks, of course, was allowed, but... but not too far and only in the “right” direction. Sergei Yesenin was fifteen years older than Pavel Vasiliev. It was this difference—fifteen years—that turned out to be fatal for Pavel. The beginning of the 20s is gone forever. Outside the windows it was the mid-30s...
Unlike Yesenin or Mandelstam, Pavel Vasiliev was an epic poet rather than a lyrical one. His best works are not short poems about love, but epic poems. Often he wrote about things that were too dangerous to write about. For example, about the Cossacks. Not about red or white Cossacks, but simply about people. He wrote something completely different from what the victorious proletariat needed at the current moment. He behaved completely differently from how a proletarian poet should have behaved. All this was quite enough to destroy him. Around the beginning of 1933, the persecution of Pavel Vasiliev has been steadily gaining momentum. “The singer of the kondovo Cossacks,” “a fragment of the kulaks,” “an imaginary talent,” “a hooligan of the fascist type”—that’s all he, Pavel Vasiliev.
And this is him too. The poem “Troika,” a poem of amazing power, was written by Pavel Vasiliev in 1934:
| Again on the snow, rolling from the storms, In thorny beads made of burr, You step on your shaggy legs into the distance, snoring, And you say, muzzles in foamy roses, - Who could, getting ready for a long journey, To the sleigh - on hewn birches, To attract such a force ? But even the chatter of the magpie's harness is shackled in an icy hoop. You hesitate, staring into the distance, Breathing straw and saliva. And the rootman, like a bathhouse, breathes, with his cheek pressed to the reins, He moves his ear, as if he hears the owners being beaten in the forge nearby; His steel heels shine, And his white-toothed mouth grins, And the mug with red squirrels, Gypsy, laughs with anger. | In his eyes the fires are slanting, In him the beasts become and the agility of the beasts, To this you can attach half of Russia to a disastrous cart! And attached! Retreating, One stands still and gallops, The other, red-haired and angry, is all bent into a red roll. One is from the marked and red, The other is stolen, to know, - Tatar princess and b..., - Who came up with the idea of harnessing drunken horses to Reckless girls? The December glow of eyelashes And the woman's smell of drunken skins, A bucket of silver neighing - If you put it to your muzzles, you'll get it. But here is a chest with copper upholstery placed on the sleigh. Have fun! And someone's hands at the last moment |
In the summer of 1934, “heavy artillery” was used. At the same time, two central and two “literary” newspapers published on June 14, 1934 the first part of a long article by Maxim Gorky entitled “Literary Fun”. In this article, the wise mentor of Soviet writers, in particular, pointed out (hereinafter it is emphasized by me - V.A.):
They complain that poet Pavel Vasiliev hooligans worse than Sergei Yesenin hooligans. But while some condemn the hooligan, others admire his talent, “breadth of nature,” his “wild peasant strength,” etc. But those who blame do not do anything to disinfect their environment from the presence of a bully in it, although it is clear that, if it really is a contagious element, it should be isolated somehow. And those who admire P. Vasiliev’s talent do not make any attempts to re-educate him. The conclusion from here is clear: both are equally socially passive, and both are essentially indifferent to the corruption of literary morals, to the poisoning of youth by hooliganism, although the distance from hooliganism to fascism is “shorter than a sparrow’s nose”.
“The distance from hooliganism to fascism is “shorter than a sparrow’s nose”... It was already too serious. Moreover, immediately after this passage, Gorky considered it possible to very sympathetically quote a letter (denunciation?) from a certain unnamed “party member”, which, among other things, said:
Undoubtedly there are alien influences on the most talented part of literary youth. Specifically: on the characterization of the young poet Yar. Smelyakov more and more reflects the personal qualities of the poet Pavel Vasiliev. There is nothing dirtier than this fragment of bourgeois literary bohemia. Politically (this is not new to those who know the work of Pavel Vasiliev) this is the enemy. But it is known that Vasiliev is friends with Smelyakov, Dolmatovsky and some other young poets, and I understand why Smelyakov rarely does not smell of vodka and notes of anarcho-individualistic narcissism begin to dominate in Smelyakov’s tone, and Smelyakov’s behavior becomes less and less Komsomol. […]
We talked about Smelyakov. And here is Pavel Vasiliev, he beats his wife and gets drunk. I check many things in relation to him, although his appearance is clear. I tried to talk to him about his attitude towards his wife.
- She loves me, but I stopped loving her... Everyone is surprised - she’s pretty... But I stopped loving her...
loose gestures, actions and thoughts of a twenty-year-old neurasthenic, the tone is feigned, theatrical. […]
“His second wife, Elena Vyalova, suffered the most with him.”... Well, that’s how it was. Here is an excerpt (ending) from the famous poem “Poems in Honor of Natalya,” which is dated May of the same 1934 and which the poet wrote under the impression of his next (and, of course, very strong) hobby, this time with Natalya Konchalovskaya, granddaughter artist Vasily Surikov:
[…] And the guitars are eloquent in the evening, Why aren’t our tractor drivers guys? Washed, shaved, caps askew. Glory, glory to happiness, glory to life. You are a ring from my hands, fun, wear it instead of a wedding ring. I praise the bright Natalya, I praise life with a smile and sadness, I run away from doubts, I praise all the flowers on the blanket, A long groan, nap Natalia, I glorify the wedding night.Natalya Konchalovskaya was smart, beautiful, charming and, moreover, temporarily free. It is difficult to say how far her relationship with Pavel Vasiliev went. In any case, in 1936, she chose to marry a completely different writer - the young (literally and figuratively - he was ten years younger than her) and promising poet Sergei Mikhalkov, the future permanent author of the national anthem.
And Pavel Vasiliev - Pavel Vasiliev in January 1935 was expelled from the Union of Soviet Writers. The clouds were gathering over him.
In 1999, a memo from the head of the Secret Political Department of the Main Directorate of State Security (GUGB) of the NKVD G.A. was discovered in the archives of the FSB. Molchanov addressed to the People's Commissar of Internal Affairs G.G. Berries, dated February 5, 1935. It said that the poet Pavel Vasiliev had by no means abandoned his “anti-Soviet sentiments”, and as an illustration, his poem of a “counter-revolutionary nature”, which had not been published anywhere and was obtained “operatively”, was cited:
Don’t the rulers really know, Mistaking pride for enmity, That they swaddle the poet with hemp, Twist his hands for misfortune. Do they really not care at all, That the words have long since faded, The crow's joy has dimmed the golden mace of the Song. My song! You fed all your enemies with blood. In your presence I accept the title of thug, If the roar of the harp is thunder.However, there was no sanction for immediate arrest: probably, People's Commissar Yagoda, a close friend of the “petrel of the revolution” and even part of his family circle, thought that this poem alone would not be enough to promote a purely political cause. G.G. Yagoda imposed his resolution: “We need to collect a few more poems”…
But Pavel Vasiliev provided plenty of materials to promote the case of “hooliganism on the verge of fascism” and the like. And so on May 24, 1935, the Pravda newspaper published a “Letter to the Editor,” the text of which belonged to the pen of the “Komsomol poet” Alexander Bezymensky and in which Pavel Vasiliev’s colleagues demanded that the authorities take “decisive measures” against him:
During recent years V literary life In Moscow, almost all cases of immoral-Bohemian or politically reactionary speeches and actions were associated with the name of the poet Pavel Vasiliev...
Latest facts especially striking. Pavel Vasiliev arranged disgusting brawl in the writers' house on the passage of the Art Theater, where he beat the poet Altauzen, accompanying the brawl with vile anti-Semitic and anti-Soviet cries and death threats against Aseev and other Soviet poets. This fact confirms that Vasiliev has long has passed the distance separating hooliganism from fascism…
We believe that it is necessary to take decisive measures against the hooligan Vasiliev, thereby showing that in the conditions of Soviet reality the frenzied fascist hooliganism will not go unpunished for anyone...
Below were 20 signatures, among which, alas, we see the names of Boris Kornilov, Joseph Utkin, Semyon Kirsanov, Nikolai Aseev - friends of the poet (another question is how these signatures appeared there).
“He beat the poet Altauzen”... The disgusting brawl with the beating of the poet Jack Althausen was that when Ya.M. Altauzen, in the presence of Pavel Vasiliev, allowed himself to speak insultingly about Natalya Konchalovskaya (and after all, all his friends, acquaintances and simply colleagues knew very well about Pavel’s love, about his “Poems in honor of Natalya” and about many other poems addressed to her), then Pavel could not restrain himself and hit the “Komsomol poet.” I think I hit it with pleasure...
Your length is like the shadow of a bather. Your length is like a shepherd's lasso. Your length is like the gaze of a lover. I am quite sure of this. The flame from the fire is longer than you. Summer lightning is longer than you. The smoke from the gunfire is longer than you. Your shoulders are broad and steep. But shorter than a date in prison, But shorter than a blow in the darkness - Like a quail in the clutches of an eagle, Our friendship with you has died. Let my quail cry, when you dance, my friend, cling to your cape, hoarse in long loneliness, with the cartilage of devoted hands. November 18, 1934 MoscowIt would be naive to believe that the Pravda newspaper published letters from readers all in a row as they were received by the editor. The publication in Pravda meant that this time “decisive measures” would finally be taken against Pavel Vasiliev.
His trial took place on July 15, 1935. Elena Vyalova recalls:
What witnesses spoke, what they said - I tried to forget all this as quickly as possible. I only remember the sentence: “for countless hooliganism and drunken brawls” - one and a half years in prison. For some reason, Pavel was not arrested in the courtroom. He lived at home for a few more days. They came for him one evening and, without allowing him to really get ready, took him away. In the morning I called Petrovka, 38, where I was kindly allowed to talk to my husband on the phone. He managed to say that tomorrow he would be sent with a convoy to a forced labor camp, Elektrostal station. Then Pavel was returned to Moscow - for some time he was in Tagansk prison. A late autumn he was transported again. This time to the Ryazan prison...
“In the morning I called Petrovka, 38”
...Not to Lubyanka, no... Close friend Gorky this time did not begin to extract materials from the dossier, which was maintained by the Secret Political Department of the GUGB - apparently, not all of Pavel’s “poems” had yet been “collected.” Or the time hasn't come yet. But when the time comes, Pavel Vasiliev will be remembered everything at once. Including “the beating of Komsomol poet Jack Altauzen”...After the verdict was announced, in August 1935, Pavel Vasiliev wrote a poignant poem entitled “Farewell to Friends.” Here are his final stanzas:
| In the far, dear North they are waiting for me, They are patrolling high fences, They are lighting fires, they are sweeping huts, They are going to greet their dear guest properly. And if you need it, you need it cheerfully: Without songs, without laughter, so that it would be quiet, So that only the log would crackle in the oven, And then it would be broken in two by fire. So that interesting conversations can begin... Fathers! The nights in Russia are so dark. Say goodbye, say goodbye, dear ones, to me, I'm going to collect the heavy tears of the country. | And they will surround me there, shaking their heads, leaning on their sides, snow on their beards. “Why are you, poor thing, in trouble with us? Is there no mercy for us, man?” I will answer them with all my soul: “It’s good in our country - there is no dirt, no dampness, so good, guys! The children have grown up so strong. Oh, the path to man is long, people, But the country is all green - knee-deep grass. There will be mercy for you, people, there will be, About me, the poor one, sing you..." |
Yes, the time has not yet come. There was also someone to stand up for Pavel Vasiliev. You could also stand up for Pavel Vasiliev. Elena Vyalova recalls:
I went to Ryazan to visit Pavel almost every week. I don’t know what caused this arrangement, but the warden was extremely kind to me. He not only turned a blind eye to my frequent and long meetings with my imprisoned husband, he supplied Pavel with paper and pencils and gave him the opportunity to write poetry.
Surprisingly, in prison, where even the most cheerful person’s optimism noticeably decreases (I had to verify this at own experience), Pavel writes the poem “Prince Thomas” - in a light Pushkin style, full of humor and irony.
Quite unexpectedly for me, Pavel was released in the spring of 1936.
In 1936, Pavel Vasiliev’s irrepressible nature again called him on the road, and in August he wrote to Nikolai Aseev from Salekhard: “There are a lot of interesting things here. I write lyrical poems in gulps, eat fish soup from ruffs, buy deer antlers and fur shoes in unlimited quantities... I will stay in the North until winter. For now, thank God, I don’t miss Moscow.”.
But the winter that Pavel Vasiliev mentioned was the winter of 1937. Pavel Vasiliev’s time was rapidly approaching...
Already in September 1936, Genrikh Yagoda was replaced as People's Commissar of Internal Affairs by Nikolai Yezhov. In March 1937, the former People's Commissar, who had “lost his sense of class,” was arrested, and a year later he was shot. In the same March, even a little earlier than Yagoda, his more vigilant subordinate, G.A., was also arrested. Molchanov (shot in October 1937). The secret political department was now called the 4th department of the GUGB, its chiefs, who replaced Georgy Molchanov, one after another “lost their class sense”, were arrested, shot or committed suicide, but all this in no way could change anything in fate Pavel Vasilyev: changing their names and their leaders, the department continued and continued to accumulate “information”, and the iron ring around the poet-scandalist with a bad reputation who imagined too much of himself was closing...
Pavel Vasiliev and his wife spent Saturday February 6, 1937 visiting friends. Pavel went to the Arbat for a short time to the barbershop to shave. He never returned: a car was waiting for him at the exit from the hairdresser... Elena Vyalova recalls:
Late at night they came to search me. They rummaged through everything in our thirteen-meter-long room - the table, bedside table, closet, shelves... They took unfinished manuscripts from the table, everything unpublished from the desk drawers, several books and magazines with Vasiliev’s printed poems, all the photographs, letters. It's a break, we're gone. Left alone in the room, I sat down on a chair, mindlessly looking at the things scattered around the room. The next day I went to the MUR to find out where Vasiliev was and under what circumstances he was detained. My endless visits began to the relevant institutions, prosecutor's offices, various information bureaus, everywhere where I could find out about Vasiliev's fate...
This poem - probably his last poem - was written by Pavel Vasiliev shortly after his arrest. In it he addresses his wife Elena:
Bullfinches [fly up] red-breasted... Soon, soon, to my misfortune I will see wolf emeralds In the unsociable northern region. We will be sad, lonely and smelling like wild honey. Imperceptibly everything will bring the deadlines closer, Gray hair will entwine our curls. I’ll tell you then, friend: “The days fly like leaves in the wind, It’s good that we found each other, Having lost everything in our previous life...” February 1937 Lubyanka. Inner prisonBut see “Wolf emeralds in the unsociable northern region”, even if it was “unfortunate”, he was not destined to. Elena Vyalova recalls:
Four months later I found him in Lefortovo prison - there they accepted a transfer of fifty rubles from me. It was June 15, 1937. They said that the next broadcast will be on July 16th. I arrived on the appointed day. The duty officer said that the prisoner left yesterday, where it is unknown. I immediately went to Kuznetsky Most, 24, where the prosecutor's office was located. They provided information about those whose investigation had been completed. My question was answered: “Ten years of long-distance camps without the right to correspondence”...
“It was June 15, 1937”...
And two days earlier the deputy. USSR Prosecutor G.K. Roginsky approved the indictment, which, in particular, stated:The 4th Department of the GUGB received information that the writer-poet Vasiliev Pavel Nikolaevich was recruited as a perpetrator of a terrorist act against Comrade Stalin. […] The investigation established that the accused Vasiliev had expressed counter-revolutionary fascist views for a number of years before his arrest. Earlier, in 1932, the accused Vasiliev P.N. as a participant counter-revolutionary group from among writers was sentenced to 3 years of suspended imprisonment. In 1935, the accused Vasiliev for beating Komsomol poet Jack Altauzen was sentenced to one and a half years in labor camp. […] Having been interrogated as an accused, Vasiliev P.N. fully pleaded guilty…
From a letter from the accused Vasiliev P.N. addressed to the People's Commissar of Internal Affairs N.I. Yezhova:
It must be said with courage and frankness that instead of basing my promise to the Central Committee to earn the honor and right to be called a citizen of the USSR, I lived to such a final disgrace that a gang of terrorists targeted me as a weapon to carry out their terrorist criminal activities. By my behavior, my entire moral, everyday and political character, I gave them the right to pin their hopes on me. I listened to their counter-revolutionary statements, repeated them after them, and thereby stood in solidarity with the enemies and terrorists, found myself captured by them and thus betrayed the party, which only yesterday extended a helping hand to me and gave me freedom...
“They said that the next broadcast will be on July 16. I arrived on the appointed day. The duty officer said that the prisoner left yesterday, where it is unknown”... The day before, July 15, 1937, in a closed court session of the Military Collegium Supreme Court USSR under the chairmanship of V.V. Ulricha, “without the participation of the prosecution and defense and without calling witnesses”, a quick trial of the case took place, after which the poet Pavel Vasiliev was shot. He was accused of nothing less than the intention to personally kill Stalin. Judging by the records, the accused pleaded guilty both during the investigation and at trial.
Less than a month later, Georgy (Yuri) Yesenin, the eldest son of Sergei Yesenin, was shot on the same charge...
| Someday you will squint your eyes, Filled with clear warmth, You will see Me without embellishment, Without being afraid this time of My harmless threat. Straighten your hair, and now you will find my tricks, my name, and my smiling mouth funny. Let your palm remember how it caressed my face. Yes, I invented fire, When there is so little of it around. We, the creators of darkness, fire, and Melancholy, discern maturity. I testify - you entangled me as I wanted. | Entangled like a loach in bloom entangles the body of an oak tree. That's why I must honor both your voice, and simplicity, and slightly thoughtful lips. And I honor that random fire, When there is so little of it around, And I don’t want you, the vine in bloom, to wither on my chest. Everything will flow away, pass, and then you will find my tricks, my name, and my smiling mouth funny, but you will remember me among others, like a bird’s flight. 1932 |
Elena Vyalova was arrested on February 7, 1938. She fully knew the fate of ChSIR - “a member of the family of a traitor to the motherland” (however, like Pavel’s father, like all his relatives) ...
Only in 1956 was Pavel Vasiliev officially rehabilitated, and it became possible to talk about him somehow. His poems began to be published again, but the force of inertia is great: to this day, not even all professional poets know this name.
One of Rurik Ivnev’s poems, written by him in February 1963, begins with the following stanzas:
Pavel Vasiliev died at the age of 27. He was far from an angel and not at all a hero. He was just a poet of colossal talent.
...On a large site "Celebrity Graves" photographs of about one and a half thousand graves have been collected. A special section contains information about the graves of two and a half hundred of our writers - from Pushkin, Gogol and Yesenin to Agnia Barto, Vera Inber and Wanda Vasilevskaya. It would be in vain to look for the name of Pavel Vasiliev among them: the place of his burial is not really known, and only many decades after the execution a certificate came to light that he was buried in common grave No. 1 at the Donskoye Cemetery in Moscow.
He does not have his own grave. In the section of the mentioned site called "Who has no grave", there are very few names. We see there the names of the poets Nadezhda Lvova, who committed suicide in 1913 (her grave was subsequently lost), Nikolai Gumilyov, shot near Petrograd in August 1921, Sergei Klychkov, shot in the fall of 1937 in Moscow, Nikolai Klyuev, shot at the same time in Tomsk, Osip Mandelstam, who perished in a transit camp near Vladivostok in December 1938...
The name of the Russian poet Pavel Vasiliev is simply not there.
Valentin Antonov
http://www.vilavi.ru/sud/171009/171009.shtml
Pavel Nikolaevich Vasiliev(December 23, 1909 (January 5, 1910), Zaisan, Semipalatinsk province - July 16, 1937, Moscow) - Russian Soviet poet, founder (as defined by S. Klychkov) of the “heroic period” in Russian literature - “the era of the victorious in human soul communism."
Born on January 5, 1910 (December 23, 1909 according to the old style) in Zaisan (now the Republic of Kazakhstan). Father - Nikolai Kornilovich Vasiliev (1886-1940), son of a sawyer and washerwoman, graduate of the Semipalatinsk Teachers' Seminary. Mother - Glafira Matveevna, born. Rzhannikova (1888-1943), daughter of a peasant in the Krasnoufimsky district of the Perm province. In 1906, the Vasiliev couple arrived in Zaisan, where Nikolai Kornilovich became a teacher at a parish school. The first two children, Vladimir and Nina, died in infancy. Fearing for the fate of the third, Pavel, the Vasilyevs moved to Pavlodar in 1911, where Nikolai Kornilovich taught pedagogical courses.
The Vasilievs often moved to Nikolai Kornilovich’s places of service: in 1913 - to the village of Sandyktavskaya; in 1914 - to Atbasar; in 1916 - to Petropavlovsk, where Pavel entered first grade; in 1919 - to Omsk, where N.K. Vasiliev ended up after being mobilized into Kolchak’s army. At the end of 1920, the Vasilievs returned to Pavlodar, where they settled with Glafira Matveevna’s parents. Pavel studied at a 7-year school run by the Water Transport Administration, which was headed by his father, and then at a second-level school. In the summer of 1923, he went on a boat trip organized for students up the Irtysh to Lake Zaisan.
He wrote his first poems in 1921. At the request of a literature teacher, he wrote a poem for the anniversary of V.I. Lenin’s death, which became a school song.
After graduating from school, in June 1926 he left for Vladivostok, studied for several months at the Far Eastern University, where his first public performance took place. He participated in the work of the literary and artistic society, the poetry section of which was headed by Rurik Ivnev. At the end of 1926, the first publications of Vasiliev’s poems appeared in the Vladivostok newspaper “Red Young People”.
At the beginning of December he left for Moscow. Along the way he stopped in Khabarovsk, Novosibirsk, Omsk, where he participated in literary meetings and published in local periodicals. He arrived in Moscow in July 1927, following the direction of the All-Russian Writers' Union, he entered the literary department of the Workers' Faculty of Arts. A.V. Lunacharsky (did not graduate).
In 1928 he lived with his parents in Omsk and participated in local literary life. In August, Vasiliev and N. Titov went on a journey through Siberia and Far East. They worked as cultural workers, hunters, sailors, and prospectors in the gold mines in Selemdzha, which Vasiliev described in the books of essays “In Gold Exploration” (1930) and “People in the Taiga” (1931); published a lot, often signing the pseudonyms “Pavel Kitaev” and “Nikolai Khanov”. Upon returning from the mines to Khabarovsk, they led a bohemian lifestyle, causing condemnatory responses in the press, after which Vasiliev left for Vladivostok, where he published essays in the Krasnoe Znamya newspaper.
In the fall of 1929 he came to Moscow. He worked for the newspaper “Voice of the Fisherman” and traveled to the Caspian and Aral Sea as a special correspondent.
In the spring of 1932, he was arrested, along with E. Zabelin, S. Markov, L. Martynov and other Siberian writers, on charges of belonging to a counter-revolutionary group of writers - the case of the so-called. “Siberian Brigade,” but was not convicted. In 1934, a campaign of persecution was launched against Vasiliev, during which he was accused of drunkenness, hooliganism, anti-Semitism, White Guardism and defense of the kulaks, which began with M. Gorky’s article “On Literary Amusements.” In January 1935 he was expelled from the Writers' Union, in July he was again arrested and convicted of “malicious hooliganism”, he served his term in the Ryazan prison; released in the spring of 1936
In 1936, the film “Party Card” was released on the screens of the USSR, in which Pavel Vasiliev became the prototype of the main character - a “spy”, “saboteur” and “enemy of the people”.
In February 1937, he was arrested for the third time, and on July 15 he was sentenced to death by the Military Collegium of the Supreme Court of the USSR on charges of belonging to a “terrorist group” that was allegedly preparing an attempt on Stalin’s life. Shot in Lefortovo prison on July 16, 1937. Buried in the common grave of “unclaimed ashes” at the new cemetery of the Donskoy Monastery in Moscow.
In 1956 he was posthumously rehabilitated. Controversy about his political position, during which the poet was worthily defended by S. Zalygin. Greater role in recovery good name, his widow Elena Aleksandrovna Vyalova-Vasilieva (1909-1990) and his brother-in-law and literary patron Ivan Gronsky (in the 1930s, executive editor of the Izvestia newspaper and the magazine New world"), as well as poets Pavel Vyacheslavov, Sergei Podelkov and Grigory Sannikov, who collected and stored Vasiliev’s works, including unpublished ones, at their own peril and risk.
Creation
Vasiliev’s poems combine folklore motifs of old Russia with the open, cliché-free language of the revolution and the USSR. Having grown up in Kazakhstan among the Irtysh Cossack villages, founded by the descendants of the Novgorod ushkuiniks who went to the Ob in the 14th century, the future poet from childhood absorbed two great cultures - Old Russian and Kazakh, which allowed him to become a kind of bridge between opposites - East and West, Europe and Asia .
Vasiliev's poetry is full of original figurative power. It combines fairy-tale elements with historical scenes from the life of the Cossacks and revolutionary modernity. Strong personalities, powerful animals, cruel events and multi-colored steppe landscapes - all this is mixed and results in expressive, fast-paced scenes in verse with variable rhythm.
- Wolfgang Kazak
In the poem “Fists,” which was considered “one of the most significant” works of the poet, he clearly showed the diversity of the Soviet village, the inability to quickly get used to socialization and collectivization, the fight against the fists waged by the Soviet government and often leading to tragic consequences.
In his last, largely autobiographical poem, “Christolyubov’s Calicoes” (1935-1936), Pavel Vasiliev depicted the coming post-Soviet period of the country’s development and showed in the image of Ignatius Christolyubov the painful but inevitable process of formation heroic man the future - an artist and creator who combines the ideals of Christ with the practical deeds of Lenin - a genius capable of overcoming the vices of this world.
The enormous explosive power of Pavel Vasiliev’s thoughts and images is based on the poet’s passionate belief that the “most beautiful, pompous” future of the country and the world, immortalized by him in his poems, will certainly be brought to life by new heroes following in his footsteps.
taken from
Born on January 5 (December 23, 1909), 1910 in Zaisan (now the Republic of Kazakhstan). Father is a teacher at the Zaisan parish school, a native of the Semirechensk Cossacks.
He graduated from school in Omsk in 1925, then studied for several months at Vladivostok University. In 1926 he went sailing as a sailor. He was a prospector in the gold mines of the Lena River, which he described in the books of essays “In Gold Exploration” (1930) and “People in the Taiga” (1931).
In 1928 he moved to Moscow to study at the Higher Literary and Art Institute named after. .
He was published in Moscow magazines and performed reading his own poems. He had a reputation as a “hooligan”, close in spirit and style of behavior, whom he highly respected. The first poem "Song of Death" Cossack army"(in 18 parts, written in 1928-1932) was distributed in lists. Behind a short time he wrote 10 poems of folklore and historical content, of which only the poem “ Salt riot"(1934).
In 1932, together with Evgeny Zabelin, S. Markov, and other Siberian writers, he was arrested on charges of belonging to a counter-revolutionary group of writers - the case of the so-called. “Siberian Brigade,” but was not convicted. In 1934, a campaign of persecution was launched against him, during which he was accused of drunkenness, hooliganism, anti-Semitism, White Guardism and defending the kulaks, to which M. Gorky joined, pointing out the advisability of his “isolation.” In 1935, as a result of literary provocations and denunciations, he was convicted of “malicious hooliganism” and released in the spring of 1936.
In 1936, the film “Party Card” was released on the screens of the USSR, in which Pavel Vasiliev became the prototype of the main character - a “spy”, “saboteur” and “enemy of the people”.
In February 1937, he was arrested again and on July 15 sentenced to death by the Military Collegium of the Supreme Court of the USSR on charges of belonging to a “terrorist group” that was allegedly preparing an assassination attempt on Stalin. Shot in Lefortovo prison on July 16, 1937. Buried in the common grave of “unclaimed ashes” at the new cemetery of the Donskoy Monastery in Moscow.
In 1956 he was posthumously rehabilitated. Disputes about his political position flared up again, during which the poet, killed at the age of 27, was worthily defended by S. Zalygin. A major role in restoring his good name, in collecting and publishing the then scattered works of Pavel Vasilyev, was played by his widow Elena Aleksandrovna Vyalova-Vasilieva (1909-1990), his brother-in-law and literary patron Ivan Gronsky (in the 1930s, executive editor of the Izvestia newspaper) , as well as his friend the poet Sergei Podelkov, who themselves have already served prison terms.
In verse Vasilyeva folklore motifs of old Russia are combined with the open, cliché-free language of the revolution and the USSR. Having grown up in Kazakhstan among the Irtysh Cossack villages, founded by the descendants of the Novgorod ushkuiniks who went to the Ob in the 14th century, the future poet from childhood absorbed two great cultures - Old Russian and Kazakh, which allowed him to become a kind of bridge between opposites - East and West, Europe and Asia .
In the poem “Fists,” which was considered “one of the most significant” works of the poet, he clearly showed the diversity of the Soviet village, the inability to quickly get used to socialization and collectivization, the fight against the fists waged by the Soviet government and often leading to tragic consequences.
In his last, largely autobiographical poem, “Christolyubov’s Calicoes” (1935-1936), Pavel Vasiliev depicted the coming post-Soviet period of the country’s development and showed in the image of Ignatius Christolyubov the painful but inevitable process of the formation of a heroic man of the future - an artist and creator who combines the ideals of Christ with the practical deeds of Lenin, a genius capable of overcoming the vices of this world.
The enormous explosive power of thoughts and images Pavel Vasilyeva is based on the poet’s passionate belief that the “most beautiful, pompous” future of the country and the world, immortalized by him in his poems, will certainly be brought to life by new heroes following in his footsteps.
Born on January 5, 1910 (December 23, 1909 according to the old style) in Zaisan (now the Republic of Kazakhstan). Father - Nikolai Kornilovich Vasiliev (1886-1940), son of a sawyer and washerwoman, graduate of the Semipalatinsk Teachers' Seminary. Mother - Glafira Matveevna, born. Rzhannikova (1888-1943), daughter of a peasant in the Krasnoufimsky district of the Perm province. In 1906, the Vasiliev couple arrived in Zaisan, where Nikolai Kornilovich became a teacher at a parish school. The first two children, Vladimir and Nina, died in infancy. Fearing for the fate of the third, Pavel, the Vasilievs moved to Pavlodar, where Nikolai Kornilovich taught pedagogical courses.
From the mid-1910s, the Vasilyevs moved frequently. During the revolution they lived in Petropavlovsk, where Pavel entered first grade. In the early 1920s, the Vasilyevs returned to Pavlodar, where they settled with Glafira Matveevna’s parents. Pavel studied at a 7-year school run by the Water Transport Administration, which was headed by his father, and then at a second-level school. In the summer of 1923, he went on a boat trip organized for students up the Irtysh to Lake Zaisan.
I started composing in 3rd grade. At the request of a literature teacher, he wrote a poem for the anniversary of V.I. Lenin’s death, which became a school song.
After graduating from school, in June 1926 he left for Vladivostok, studied for several months at the Far Eastern University, where his first public performance took place. He participated in the work of the literary and artistic society, the poetry section of which was headed by Rurik Ivnev. At the end of 1926, the first publications of Vasiliev’s poems appeared in the Vladivostok newspaper “Red Young People”.
At the beginning of December he left for Moscow. Along the way he stopped in Khabarovsk, Novosibirsk, Omsk, where he participated in literary meetings and published in local periodicals. He arrived in Moscow in July 1927, following the direction of the All-Russian Writers' Union, he entered the literary department of the Workers' Faculty of Arts. A.V. Lunacharsky (did not graduate).
In 1928 he lived with his parents in Omsk and participated in local literary life. In August, Vasiliev and N. Titov went on a journey through Siberia and the Far East. They worked as cultural workers, hunters, sailors, and prospectors in the gold mines in Selemdzha, which Vasiliev described in the books of essays “In Gold Exploration” (1930) and “People in the Taiga” (1931); published a lot, often signing the pseudonyms “Pavel Kitaev” and “Nikolai Khanov”. Upon returning from the mines to Khabarovsk, they led a bohemian lifestyle, causing condemnatory responses in the press, after which Vasiliev left for Vladivostok, where he published essays in the Krasnoe Znamya newspaper.
In the fall of 1929 he came to Moscow. He worked for the newspaper “Voice of the Fisherman” and traveled to the Caspian and Aral Sea as a special correspondent.
In the spring of 1932, he was arrested, along with E. Zabelin, S. Markov, L. Martynov and other Siberian writers, on charges of belonging to a counter-revolutionary group of writers - the case of the so-called. “Siberian Brigade,” but was not convicted. In 1934, a campaign of persecution was launched against Vasiliev, during which he was accused of drunkenness, hooliganism, anti-Semitism, White Guardism and defense of the kulaks, which began with M. Gorky’s article “On Literary Amusements.” In January 1935 he was expelled from the Writers' Union, in July he was again arrested and convicted of “malicious hooliganism”, he served his term in the Ryazan prison; released in the spring of 1936
In 1936, the film “Party Card” was released on the screens of the USSR, in which Pavel Vasiliev became the prototype of the main character - a “spy”, “saboteur” and “enemy of the people”.
In February 1937, he was arrested for the third time, and on July 15 he was sentenced to death by the Military Collegium of the Supreme Court of the USSR on charges of belonging to a “terrorist group” that was allegedly preparing an attempt on Stalin’s life. Shot in Lefortovo prison on July 16, 1937. Buried in the common grave of “unclaimed ashes” at the new cemetery of the Donskoy Monastery in Moscow.
In 1956 he was posthumously rehabilitated. Disputes about his political position flared up again, during which the poet, killed at the age of 27, was worthily defended by S. Zalygin. A major role in restoring his good name, in collecting and publishing the then scattered works of Pavel Vasilyev, was played by his widow Elena Aleksandrovna Vyalova-Vasilieva (1909-1990), his brother-in-law and literary patron Ivan Gronsky (in the 1930s, executive editor of the Izvestia newspaper) , as well as his friend the poet Sergei Podelkov, who themselves have already served prison terms.
Creation
Vasiliev’s poems combine folklore motifs of old Russia with the open, cliché-free language of the revolution and the USSR. Having grown up in Kazakhstan among the Irtysh Cossack villages, founded by the descendants of the Novgorod ushkuiniks who went to the Ob in the 14th century, the future poet from childhood absorbed two great cultures - Old Russian and Kazakh, which allowed him to become a kind of bridge between opposites - East and West, Europe and Asia .
In the poem “Fists,” which was considered “one of the most significant” works of the poet, he clearly showed the diversity of the Soviet village, the inability to quickly get used to socialization and collectivization, the fight against the fists waged by the Soviet government and often leading to tragic consequences.
In his last, largely autobiographical poem, “Christolyubov’s Calicoes” (1935-1936), Pavel Vasiliev depicted the coming post-Soviet period of the country’s development and showed in the image of Ignatius Christolyubov the painful but inevitable process of the formation of a heroic man of the future - an artist and creator who combines the ideals of Christ with the practical deeds of Lenin, a genius capable of overcoming the vices of this world.
The enormous explosive power of Pavel Vasiliev’s thoughts and images is based on the poet’s passionate belief that the “most beautiful, pompous” future of the country and the world, immortalized by him in his poems, will certainly be brought to life by new heroes following in his footsteps.
Memory
- Russia
- In 2003, a memorial stone to the poet was installed on Martynov Boulevard in Omsk. One of the municipal libraries of Omsk bears his name.
- March 5, 2011 in Moscow at house No. 26 on 4th Tverskaya-Yamskaya Street. A memorial plaque to P. Vasiliev was unveiled.
- Kazakhstan
- In 1991, the poet’s house-museum was opened in Pavlodar. One of the streets of Ust-Kamenogorsk on the left bank of the Irtysh bears his name.
Works
Poems
- Song about the death of the Cossack army (1928-1932)
- Summer (1932)
- August (1932)
- One Night (1933)
- Salt Riot (1933, the only one published as a separate edition during the author’s lifetime)
- Fists (1933-1934)
- Sinitsyn and Co. (1934)
- Groomsmen (1935)
- Prince Thomas (1936)
- Christolubov's calicoes (1935-1936, the last completed poem).
- Patriotic poem (1936, unfinished)
Poems
- Poplar leaves and swan's down... (1930)
- Comrade Jurbay (1930)
- To the Builder Eugenia Stanman (1932)
- To a Poet Friend (1934).
Loading...
