today I propose to see what fish live on the bottom of the oceans, you know many of them, but I think it will be interesting for you to learn more about them. Who is too lazy to read everything is in the first video)))
hope you enjoy it!http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=BU7dD-4sbKM
Footbalfish - fish "soccer ball"
Footbalfish is a family of deep-sea fish of the anglerfish order, found in tropical and subtropical waters of the world's oceans. For its rounded shape, resembling a ball, in English-speaking countries, the name “soccer ball fish” has stuck to the fish.
Like other anglerfishes, this family is characterized by pronounced sexual dimorphism - female fish are large, almost ideally spherical in shape. The length of an adult female can exceed 60 cm. Males, on the contrary, are very small - less than 4 cm, and the body is slightly elongated. Both males and females are dark in color - from reddish brown to completely black.
Footbalfish was first discovered at the beginning of the 20th century while searching for flounder habitats. The habitat of these anglers begins at a depth of 1000 m and below. The fish are not very mobile.
Meshkort
large deep sea fish found in all oceans except the northern Arctic Ocean. Weakly studied.
Do not confuse the bagworm with the bagworm, which is much smaller in size and lives closer to the surface.
Meshkorot (lat. Saccopharynx) - the only known genus deep-sea fishes in the family Meshkorotyh. It lives at a depth of 2 to 5 km. Adult fish can reach 2 meters in length. Coupled with a huge mouth planted with sharp teeth, a man sees a sackworm as a real monster from the depths.
The body of the fish is cigar-shaped, with long tail, which can be 4 times the length of the body. The mouth is large, strong and flexible, with teeth recurved into the mouth. Some bones are missing in the skull of the fish, so it is easy for the sackworm to open its mouth almost 180 degrees. Even the gills are not like the gills of other fish, and are located not on the head, but on the belly. On the great depth there is not always enough food, so the fish has adapted to eat up for the future, swallowing food more than its own weight and size. Having eaten "to the eyeballs" a sackcloth can go without food for a long time.
Unicorn comb fish. unicorn crestfish
Unicorn crestfish - very rare little-studied fish, found everywhere at a depth of 1000 m. It got its name for a horn-shaped growth on its head.
Crested fish (crestfish) - inhabitants of tropical waters living on great depths. They are characterized by the presence of a huge dorsal fin, extending from the head to the tip of the tail. All of them have an extended subtle body silver color. The main "attraction" of some crests is ink bags, which allow the fish to throw out a cloud of ink in case of danger, confusing predators and allowing the fish to retreat.
Sticktail (Stylophorus chordatus)
The sticktail (Stylophorus chordatus) is a deep-sea fish with an elongated body and a long caudal fin, which is 2/3 of the total length of the fish. Dwells in warm waters world ocean.
The sticktail lives at a depth of 300-800 m. At night, the fish rises closer to the surface, and at night it returns. The height of daily migrations can be 300 meters.
The sticktail is a fairly rare fish, although there is no exact population data. The discovery of Stylophorus chordatus took place in 1791 by the English zoologist G. Shaw, but the next time the animal was in the hands of scientists happened only a century later.
coal fish
The sablefish is a deep-sea food fish found in the northern part of Pacific Ocean, including in Russia.
Coal lives on muddy seabed at a depth of up to 2,700 m. Predatory - preys on small fish, jellyfish, cuttlefish and krill. It grows up to 120 cm. An adult can gain weight of 50 kg.
Coal fish is an object of commercial fishing. Fish is especially valued in Japan, where it is served in the most expensive restaurants in fried, baked and smoked form, used to make sushi.
Trippod fish (tripod fish)
Trippod fish (tripod fish) - deep-sea bottom fish, known for its long rays, on which it "stands" at the bottom.
Tripod fish indeed unique fish. It has very long rays growing from the pectoral fins and tail. The fish rests on these rays when it "stands" at the bottom. The length of these rays can be 1 m, and the length of an adult fish is 30-37 cm. It lives in all oceans, with the exception of the Arctic, at great depths from 800 to 5,000 m.
Most of the time the tripod fish spends standing on its rays on the seabed.
Observations of the fish showed that the eyes of the Trippod fish are poorly developed and do not participate in the feeding process. In complete darkness, they would not have helped. The fish uses its long front pectoral fins to locate prey. They act like hands, constantly feeling the space around them. Having caught any object, and having determined that it is edible, the tripod fish sends it directly into the mouth.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=yOKdog8zbXw
Mistake
Mistakes are a family of deep-sea fish whose name comes from the Greek ophis, meaning snake. They are found in temperate and tropical waters of the oceans.
Bugs live near the bottom. Most of these fish were found at great depths of 2000 m and below. One of the bug species Abyssobrotula galatheae was caught on a record for bony fish depth - 8 370 m. in the deep-water trench "Puerto Rico" in the Atlantic Ocean.
Unlike their closest relatives - fish from the Brotula family, mistakes are not viviparous, but lay eggs. The appeared trifle grows close to the surface, merging with zooplankton numerous in the tropical region.
Let's look at some of the most interesting views wrong.
Abyssobrotula galatheae
Pink bug (Pink cusk-eel)
Giant Grenadier or Giant Grenadier
The giant grenadier or giant grenadier is a deep-sea fish from the cod-like order that lives only in the northern part of the Pacific Ocean. It has commercial value.
Giant grenadier is most often found in the cold waters washing Russia - the Sea of Okhotsk, the coast of Kamchatka, near the Kuril and Commander Islands. Here it is known as "small-eyed longtail" or "small-eyed grenadier", although in other countries it is generally accepted to call it a giant grenadier.
The size of the fish is really gigantic compared to other deep sea fish. Adults can reach 2 meters in height and weigh 20-30 kg. The maximum recorded age of an adult fish was 56 years, but it is believed that the giant grenadier can live even longer.
Lasiognathus - skillful angler
Lasiognathus is a fish from the genus of monkfish that lives in the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans. Among ichthyologists, it is known under the unofficial name "skillful fisherman"
Lasiognathus got its nickname of the angler for a reason. This deep-sea fish has an almost real fishing rod with which it hunts other fish and invertebrates. It consists of a short fishing rod (basal bone), fishing line (a modified ray of the dorsal fin), a hook (large skin teeth) and a bait (luminous photophores). This gear is really amazing. In different subspecies of Lasoignatus, the structure of the rod can vary from short (up to the middle of the body) to long (exceeds the length of the body).
Sack swallower or black eater
The sac-throat is a deep-sea representative of the perciformes from the chiasmodes suborder. This small fish grows up to 30 cm in length and is found everywhere in tropical and subtropical waters.
This fish is called a bag-swallower for its ability to swallow prey, which is several times larger than itself. The fact is that it has a very elastic stomach, and there are no ribs in the stomach that would prevent the expansion of the fish. Therefore, he can easily swallow a fish four times longer than his height and 10 times heavier!
macropinna microstoma- a fish with a transparent head.
Macropinna microstoma is a small deep-sea fish known for its transparent head, through which it sees with eyes located inside the soft tissues of the head. It lives in the cool waters of the Arctic and Pacific Oceans, at a depth of over 500 meters.
For the first time this fish was shown to the public quite recently, only in 2004. It was then that photographs of Macropinna microstoma were obtained. Before that, only zoologists showed interest in fish, who speculated about how this fish, with such a strange visual mechanism, is able to see at great depths in almost complete darkness. And is it capable at all? As we already know, in the case of other deep-sea fish, vision at such a depth does not matter much.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=RM9o4VnfHJU
sea bat
Sea bats - a family of deep-sea bottom fish, adapted in a special way for life at high pressure. They practically do not know how to swim, moving along the bottom on their modified fins, which have become similar to the legs of land animals.
Sea bats live everywhere in the warm waters of the oceans, without swimming in the cold waters of the Arctic. As a rule, they all keep to depths of 200 - 1000 meters, but there are species of bats that prefer to stay closer to the surface, not far from the coast. A person is quite familiar with bats, which prefer surface waters.
sea slug
The sea slug is a deep-sea fish species that, together with the bassogigas, are the deepest-sea fish on the planet. In 1970 sea slugs were found at a depth of 8 km.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=w-Kwbp4hYJE
cycloton
Cycloton is a widespread medium-sized deep-sea fish of the Gonostomidae family. It occurs everywhere at depths from 200 to 2000 m. Cycloton - essential element the food chain various deep-sea and valuable commercial fish.
Cycloton is a fish that for most of its life drifts along with ocean currents, unable to resist them. Only occasionally do they make small vertical migrations.
Drop fish.
The blobfish is a deep-sea fish found in deep waters near Australia and Tasmania. It is extremely rare for humans and is considered critically endangered.
grows up adult fish up to 30 cm. It keeps at depths of 800 - 1,500 m. The body of the fish is a watery substance with a density less than that of water.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=SyodDVT1A40
Opisthoproct.
Opisthoproct (Barreleye) is a deep-sea fish, also known as the "ghost fish". It's not big and very interesting fish. scientific name Opisthoproctidae comes from the Greek opisthe ("for", "behind" and proktos ("anus").
Opisthoproct lives at great depths up to 2,500 m in all oceans, with the exception of the Arctic Ocean. Their appearance is peculiar and does not allow them to be confused with other deep-sea fish.
sabertooth
Sabertooth is a deep-sea fish that lives in tropical and temperate zones at a depth of 200 to 5,000 m. It grows up to 15 cm in length, reaching 120 g of body weight.
Saber teeth grow quite slowly. Scientists suggest that fish can reach 10 years of age.
Hatchet fish
Hatchet fish are deep-sea fish found in temperate and tropical waters of the world's oceans. They got their name for the characteristic appearance of the body, resembling the shape of an ax - a narrow tail and a wide "body-axe"
Most often hatchets can be found at depths of 200-600 m. However, it is known that they are also found at depths of 2 km.
Ghost shark or marine chimera
Marine chimeras are deep-sea fish, the oldest inhabitants among modern cartilaginous fish. Distant relatives of modern sharks.
Chimeras grow up to 1.5 m, however, in adults, half of the body is the tail, which is a long, thin and narrow part of the body.
These fish live at very great depths, sometimes exceeding 2.5 km.
deep sea anglerfish
The deep-sea anglerfish is a deep-sea fish from the anglerfish order. They live at great depths of the World Ocean, preferring to stay up to 3 km. from the surface of the water.
Female anglerfish feed on others deep sea dwellers- howliods, hatchet fish and
The ocean is a boundless expanse of trillions of liters of salt water. Thousands of species of living beings have found refuge here. Some of them are thermophilic and live at shallow depths, so as not to miss the rays of the sun. Others are accustomed to the cold waters of the Arctic and try to avoid warm currents. There are even those who live at the bottom of the ocean, having adapted to the conditions of a harsh world.
The latest representatives are the greatest mystery for scientists. After all, until recently they could not even think that someone was able to survive in such extreme conditions. Moreover, evolution has rewarded these living organisms with a number of unseen features.
Beneath the oceans
For a long time there was a theory that there is no life at the bottom of the ocean. The reason for that - low temperature water and also high pressure, capable of squeezing a submarine like a soda can. And yet, some creatures were able to withstand these circumstances and confidently settled at the very edge of the bottomless abyss.
So who lives at the bottom of the ocean? First of all, these are bacteria, traces of which were found at a depth of more than 5 thousand meters. But if microscopic creatures are unlikely to surprise ordinary person, then giant clams and monster fish deserve due attention.
How did you find out about those who live at the bottom of the ocean?
With the development of submarines, diving to a depth of up to two kilometers became possible. This allowed scientists to look into the world, hitherto unseen and amazing. Each dive made it possible to open another one to see more and more new species.
And the rapid development of digital technology has made it possible to create heavy-duty cameras that can shoot underwater. Thanks to this, the world saw photographs that depict animals living at the bottom of the ocean.
And every year, scientists go deeper and deeper in the hope of new discoveries. And they are happening - over the past decade, many amazing conclusions have been made. In addition, hundreds, if not thousands, of photographs were posted on the network, which depict the inhabitants of sea depths.
Creatures that live at the bottom of the ocean
Well, it's time to go on a little trip to mysterious depths. Passing the threshold of 200 meters, it is difficult to distinguish even small silhouettes, and after 500 meters pitch darkness sets in. From this moment, the possessions of those who are indifferent to light and heat begin.
It is at this depth that one can meet polychaete worm who, in search of profit, drifts from place to place. In the light of the lamps, it shimmers with all the colors of the rainbow, the word is made of silver plates. On his head is a series of tentacles, thanks to which he is oriented in space and feels the approach of prey.
But the worm itself is food for another inhabitant of the underwater world - sea angel. it amazing creature belongs to the class gastropods and is a predator. It got its name because of the two large fins that cover its sides like wings.
If you go down even deeper, you can stumble upon the queen of jellyfish. Hairy Cyanea, or Lion's Mane- the largest representative of its kind. Large individuals in their diameter reach 2 meters, and their tentacles can stretch almost 20 meters.
Who lives at the bottom of the ocean yet? This is a squat lobster. According to scientists, he can adapt to life even at a depth of 5 thousand meters. Thanks to its flattened body, it calmly endures pressure, and its long legs allow it to move easily along the muddy bottom of the ocean.
Deep sea fish
Fish living at the bottom of the ocean, over hundreds of thousands of years of evolution, have been able to adapt to existence without sun rays. Moreover, some of them even learned to produce their own light.
So, at around 1 thousand meters lives angler. On his head there is an appendage that emits a small glow that lures other fish. Because of this, it is also called the "European anglerfish". At the same time, he can change his color, thereby merging with the environment.
Another representative deep sea creatures is a blob fish. Her body resembles jelly, which allows her to endure pressure at great depths. It feeds exclusively on plankton, which makes it harmless to its neighbors.
A stargazer fish lives at the bottom of the oceans, the second name is the celestial eye. The reason for this pun was the eyes are always directed upwards, as if looking out for the stars. Her body is covered with poisonous spikes, and near her head are tentacles that can paralyze the victim.
Our Earth is 70% water and most of these vast water (including underwater) expanses remain poorly explored. Therefore, it is not at all surprising that the most amazing and strange representatives animal world live in the depths of the sea. Today in our article we will talk about the most incredible deep-sea fish Mariana Trench and other ocean depths. Many of these fish were discovered relatively recently, and many of them amaze us, people, with their incredible and even fantastic appearance, structural features, habits and way of life.
Bassogigas - the deepest sea fish in the world
So, get acquainted, bassogigas - a fish that holds the absolute record for the deepest habitat. For the first time, bassogigas was caught at the bottom of a trough near Puerto Rico at a depth of 8 km (!) from the John Eliot research ship.
Bassogigas.
As you can see, by appearance our deep-sea record holder differs little from ordinary fish, although in fact, despite the relatively typical appearance, its habits and lifestyle are still little studied by zoologists, because it is a very difficult task to conduct research at such a great depth.
drop fish
But already our next hero can hardly be reproached for being “ordinary”, get acquainted - a drop fish, which, in our opinion, has the strangest and most fantastic appearance.
Like an alien from outer space, right? A drop fish lives on the deep ocean floor near Australia and Tasmania. The size of an adult representative of the species is no more than 30 cm. In front of it is a process resembling our nose, and on the sides, respectively, there are two eyes. A drop fish does not have developed muscles and resembles something in its way of life - it slowly swims with open mouth in anticipation that the prey, and these are usually small invertebrates, will itself be nearby. After that, the drop fish swallows the prey. She herself is inedible and, moreover, is on the verge of extinction.
And here is our next hero - a sea bat, which in its appearance does not even look like a fish.
But, nevertheless, he is still a fish, although he cannot swim. The bat moves along the seabed, pushing off with its fins, so similar to legs. The bat lives in the warm deep waters of the oceans. The largest representatives of the species reach 50 cm in length. Bats are predators and feed on various small fish, but since they cannot swim, they lure their prey with a special bulb growing directly from their heads. This bulb has a specific smell that attracts fish, as well as worms and crustaceans (they are also eaten by our hero), while the bat itself patiently sits in ambush and, as soon as potential prey is nearby, it sharply grabs it.
Anglerfish - deep sea fish with a flashlight
The deep-sea anglerfish, which lives, including in the depths of the famous Mariana Trench, is especially remarkable for its appearance, due to the presence of a real flashlight rod on its head (hence its name).
The angler's flashlight rod is not only for beauty, but also serves the most practical purposes, with its help our hero also lures prey - various small fish, although due to his not small appetite and the presence of sharp teeth, the angler does not hesitate to attack and for more major representatives fish kingdom. An interesting fact: anglers themselves often become victims of their special voracity, as they grab big fish due to the peculiarities of the structure of the teeth, he can no longer release prey, as a result of which he himself chokes and dies.
But back to his amazing biological flashlight, why does it glow? In fact, light is provided by special luminous bacteria that live in close symbiosis with the anglerfish.
In addition to its main name, the deep-sea anglerfish has others: sea Devil”,“ Monkfish ”, because in its appearance, and habits, it can be safely attributed to deep-sea monster fish.
The barrel-eye perhaps has the most unusual structure among deep-sea fish: transparent head through which he can see with his tubular eyes.
Although the fish was first discovered by scientists back in 1939, it still remains poorly understood. It lives in the Bering Sea, near the western coast of the USA and Canada, as well as near the coast of northern Japan.
giant amoeba
American oceanologists 6 years ago discovered living creatures at a record depth of 10 km. - giant amoeba. True, they no longer belong to fish, so bassogigas still occupies the championship among fish, but it is these giant amoebas that are absolute champions among the living beings that live on greatest depth- the bottom of the Mariana Trench, the deepest known on Earth. These amoebae were discovered with the help of a special deep-sea camera, and research on their life continues to this day.
Deep sea fish video
And in addition to our article, we invite you to watch an interesting video about 10 incredible creatures of the Mariana Trench.
The depths of the sea are now the most inaccessible and mysterious part of our planet. It is there that researchers and tourists have not yet been able to penetrate, it is there that marine animals can feel safe from curious people. At the same time, the depths of the ocean hide their inhabitants quite reliably, although we managed to get acquainted with some of the most terrible.
1. European anglerfish (Lophius piscatorius) 
If you ask someone to describe the angler, the easiest way to do this is by calling it "mouth with a tail." It seems that his mouth smoothly passes into the tail, and the body is basically absent. At the same time, all fish are covered with various outgrowths and outgrowths, which help it to disguise itself among the sand and thickets of aquatic vegetation. They are distributed in the Atlantic Ocean from Black to North Sea at depths of 18-550 m.
The dimensions of the angler are impressive - up to two meters long and more than 20 kg in weight. But his way of getting food is amazing. The first rays of the dorsal fin of the anglerfish in the process of evolution have changed, turning into a kind of bait, fluorescing in the dusk of the depths. Now he lies quietly in ambush, waving the bait in front of his nose. A naive fish swims up and then the terrible jaws instantly open, drawing water with all living creatures into the bottomless stomach of the anglerfish. Caviar from anglers is spawned in real layers almost a meter wide and up to nine meters long. The eggs are light and rise to the surface, where the fry gradually eat off and sink, reaching the bottom and the desired dimensions by 5-6 years.
Interestingly, in France, the monkfish is a popular dish, but for the Jews, due to the lack of scales, it is not kosher.
2. Viperfish (Chauliodus sloani) 
Hauloids, there are 6 species that live in warm tropical waters. The fish are small, only up to 35 cm, but their appearance can bring even the most persistent (and including) to hysteria. There are viper fish at depths of up to four kilometers, although more often from 500 to 1000 meters. At night, they rise almost to the very surface, and during the day they sink deep to the bottom. The body of the fish is covered with large scales and luminous areas that are used for communication. In addition, one of the rays of the dorsal fin, like that of the anglerfish, is turned into a bait.
But the main feature of the fish is its disproportionately large head in relation to the body, equipped with long sharp teeth. It is able to lean far back, and the jaw, like that of snakes, to move forward and down. As a result, marine life, three times larger, becomes its victims. Howloids also have a specific structure of the esophagus, the whole body is focused on holding any prey that comes across! Indeed, in the habitats of the viper fish, hunting is not very abundant, and the hauloid can live 12 days on one victim.
3. Alepisaurus (alepisaurus) 
The species was first described in 1741 by Steller during the Kamchatka expedition. And then the researchers got the carcass of fish thrown ashore. Later, with the expansion of fishing, fish began to come across more often, more material appeared for research. It was possible to establish that the size of the fish reaches 2 meters and 8 kilograms, they have huge teeth and a high dorsal. All fish seem to be swift strong, thanks to flattened slim body and narrow elongated head. Like many deep-sea predators, the alepisaurus makes large vertical movements behind its prey.
4. Longhorn sabertooth (Anoplogaster cornuta) 
For almost 50 years, scientists believed that they took the juveniles of these fish for separate view. Young and adult saber-tooths are radically different from each other - in color, body shape, and an arsenal of teeth. In light, triangular fish with a spiky head, black, large-headed, toothy predators with the longest teeth in relation to the body among fish turn out with age. And these fish are considered the deepest, meeting at a depth of five kilometers and at the same time easily enduring normal pressure, surviving in ordinary aquariums. Yes, but long scary predators only 15 cm.
5. Dragonfish (Grammatostomias flagellibarba) 
Another tropical deep sea predator. To cope with the problem of obtaining food at kilometer depths, it is helped by a luminous bait process, large sharp teeth and the ability to literally put on the victim. In this case, the size of the fish does not exceed 15 centimeters.
6. Big Mouth (Eurypharynx pelecanoides) 
At a kilometer depth you can meet, perhaps, the most strange fish- big mouths. Their skull bones were almost completely reduced, and the entire skeleton underwent significant changes. The lower jaw took on the appearance of a large bag resembling a pelican, and the body itself most of all resembles a long whip up to 2 meters long. Like other marine inhabitants of these depths, largemouths are aggressive and capable of swallowing rather large prey.
7. Atlantic Giant Squid / Architeuthis dux 
In 1887, the largest specimen was caught off the coast of New Zealand giant squid- 17.5 meters long, of which only tentacles accounted for 5 meters. Sometimes these squids are called champions among mollusks in size, but their other relatives are in the lead here - colossal squid. Many legends are associated with both species, they are credited with violent battles with sperm whales, dragging ships and submarines under water, these squids are called krakens.
8. Giant isopod crayfish (Bathynomus giganteus) 
This creature was discovered by accident by oilmen in Gulf of Mexico at a depth of 2.6 km. It simply stuck to one of the geological sensors, and then was taken out to the surface. Giant sea "woodlice" reach 0.45 m in length and 2 kg of weight. The first of its 7 pairs of legs evolved into mandibles, and a strong chitinous cover provides reliable protection body. The appearance of the isopod cancer is truly prehistoric.
9. Frogfish (Brachionichthyidae melanostomus) 
This kind sea anglers differs in that it has practically lost the ability to swim, but deftly moves along the bottom with the help of modified pectoral fins. It has a small body up to 12 cm, covered with poisonous processes and spikes, capable of swelling and absorbing very large prey. Which, like all fish of this family, is lured to a luminous "fishing rod".
10. Infernal Vampire (Vampyroteuthis infernalis) 
This cephalopod has features of both squid and octopus. This is one of the most amazing animals. The infernal vampire holds several records at once. Its eyes at 2.5 cm are, relative to the body (30 cm), the largest in the animal kingdom. He lives at the greatest depth (400-1000 m) among all cephalopods, where there is no light and a disappearing low concentration of oxygen.
Due to the content of copper in the blood, it is possible to supply the body with those crumbs of oxygen that are in the water. Due to the high content of ammonia in the tissues, an ideal body density is achieved, comparable to the density sea water, which provides excellent buoyancy and does not require additional energy. The mollusk is completely covered with photoreceptors and uses light for complex communication, to disorientate the victim and the attacker. Unlike its shallower counterparts, the infernal vampire does not use ink for protection, it releases a slimy suspension with luminous balls in the face of the attackers, and hides nearby in the dark.
11. Long-nosed chimera (Harriotta raleighana) 
All chimeras have quite remarkable noses to some extent, but long-nosed chimera- it has a particularly intricate shape. This bottom deep-sea predator lives at depths of 200-2600 m and, thanks to the aerodynamic shape of the nose and body, is able to develop huge speeds. In addition, they have a large poisonous thorn, which is usually folded notch on the back, and in case of danger rises up.
12. Frilled Shark (Chlamydoselachus anguineus) 
A rare relic shark reaches 2 meters in length and lives in the bottom areas at depths of 400-1200 meters. The shark got its name for the skin folds that cover the gill slits. The body of the fish is elongated, serpentine, like other sharks. great amount crooked teeth and a brutal appetite. Another feature is ovoviviparity, and "pregnancy" can last up to 2 years.
And one more marine life, a real live-eater:
This article contains a selection of the most unusual inhabitants world ocean. Of course, these amazing representatives of the underwater world are unlikely to be caught fishing. Even if you have special fishing tackle purchased on the site. In addition to fishing products, you can read a lot here. interesting articles about fishing and learn helpful tips which will be useful to every fisherman.
Scorpion Ambona
Opened in 1856. Easily recognizable by the huge "eyebrows" - specific growths above the eyes. Able to change color and shed. Conducts "guerrilla" hunting - disguised at the bottom and waiting for the victim. Not uncommon and quite well studied, but her extravagant appearance is simply not to be missed!
Psychedelic frogfish
Opened in 2009. Highly unusual fish- the caudal fin is bent to the side, the pectoral fins are modified and look like the paws of land animals. The head is large, wide-spaced eyes are directed forward, like in vertebrates, due to which the fish has a kind of "facial expression". The color of the fish is yellow or reddish with sinuous white-blue stripes radiating in different directions from the blue eyes. Unlike other fish that swim, this species moves as if by jumping, pushing off the bottom with its pectoral fins and pushing water out of the gill slits, creating jet thrust. The tail of the fish is bent to the side and cannot directly direct the movement of the body, therefore it oscillates from side to side. Also, the fish can crawl along the bottom with the help of pectoral fins, turning them over like legs.
rag-picker
Opened in 1865. Representatives of this species of fish are notable for the fact that their entire body and head are covered with processes that mimic the thallus of algae. Although these processes look like fins, they do not take part in swimming, they serve for camouflage (both when hunting shrimp and for protection from enemies). Lives in the waters indian ocean, washing southern, southeastern and southwestern Australia, as well as northern and eastern Tasmania. Feeds on plankton, small shrimps, algae. Having no teeth, the rag-picker swallows food whole.
moon fish
Opened in 1758. The laterally compressed body is extremely high and short, which gives the fish an extremely weird look: It is shaped like a disc. The tail is very short, wide and truncated; dorsal, caudal and anal fins are interconnected. The skin of the moon fish is thick and elastic, covered with small bony tubercles. You can often see the moon-fish lying on its side on the surface of the water. An adult moon fish is a very poor swimmer, unable to overcome a strong current. It feeds on plankton, as well as squid, eel larvae, salps, ctenophores and jellyfish. can reach giant size several tens of meters and weigh 1.5 tons.
broad-nosed chimera
Opened in 1909. Utterly disgusting-looking jelly-like fish. It lives on the deep bottom of the Atlantic Ocean and feeds on molluscs. Very poorly studied.
frillbearer
Opened in 1884. These sharks look much more like a strange sea snake or eel than their closest relatives. In the frilled shark, the gill openings, of which there are six on each side, are covered with skin folds. In this case, the membranes of the first gill slit cross the throat of the fish and are connected to each other, forming a wide skin lobe. Along with the goblin shark, it is one of the most rare sharks on the planet. No more than a hundred specimens of these fish are known. They are very poorly studied.
coelacanth indonesian
Opened in 1999. living fossil and probably oldest fish on the ground. Before the discovery of the first representative of the order of coelicans, which includes coelacanth, he was considered completely extinct. Divergence time of two modern species coelacanth is 30-40 Ma. No more than a dozen were caught alive.
hairy monkfish
Opened in 1930. Very strange and scary fish that live in the deep bottom, where there is no sunlight- from 1 km and deeper. To lure the inhabitants of the deep sea, it uses a special luminous outgrowth on the forehead, characteristic of the entire detachment of anglerfish. Thanks to a special metabolism and extremely sharp teeth, he can eat anything that comes across, even if the victim is many times larger and is also a predator. It reproduces no less strangely than it looks and eats - due to the unusually harsh conditions and the rarity of fish, the male (ten times smaller than the female) attaches itself to the flesh of his chosen one and transfers everything he needs through the blood.
drop fish
Opened in 1926. Often mistaken for a joke. In fact, this is a completely real view of deep-sea bottom marine fish the family of psychrolutes, which on the surface acquire a "jelly" appearance with a "sad expression". It is poorly studied, but this is enough to recognize it as one of the most bizarre. Pictured is a copy of the Australian Museum.
smallmouth macropinna
Opened in 1939. It lives at a very great depth, therefore it is poorly studied. In particular, the principle of fish vision was not entirely clear. It was supposed that she must experience very great difficulties in view of the fact that she sees only upwards. Only in 2009 was the structure of the eye of this fish fully studied. Apparently, when trying to study it earlier, the fish simply could not stand the change in pressure. The most notable feature of this species is the transparent dome-shaped shell that covers its head from above and to the sides, and the large, usually upward-pointing, cylindrical eyes that are found under this shell. A dense and elastic overlying sheath is attached to the dorsal scales at the back, and on the sides to the wide and transparent periocular bones, which provide protection for the organs of vision. This overlying structure is usually lost (or at least severely damaged) when fish are brought to the surface in trawls and nets, so its existence was not known until recently. Under the covering shell is a chamber filled with a transparent liquid, in which, in fact, the eyes of the fish are located; the eyes of living fish are painted bright green and are separated by a thin bony septum, which, extending backwards, expands and accommodates the brain. Anterior to each eye, but behind the mouth, is a large, rounded pocket that contains an olfactory receptor rosette. That is, what at first glance in photographs of live fish seems to be eyes, is actually an olfactory organ. The green color is caused by the presence of a specific yellow pigment in them. It is believed that this pigment provides a special filtering of light coming from above and reduces its brightness, which allows the fish to distinguish the bioluminescence of potential prey.
Loading...
