Headlines announcements
13:00 Reuters: India asks US to extend sanctions waiver for Iranian oil imports
According to the agency, New Delhi wants to continue purchasing Iranian oil in the current volume, which is 300 thousand barrels per day
11:33 Netanyahu: "Our fleet will stop Iran from smuggling oil"
Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu said on Wednesday, March 6, that the Israeli Navy may take action against Iranian oil smuggling.
09:33
Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, during a visit to the largest naval base in the city of Haifa, said that global community must make efforts to stop Iran's attempts to sell its oil bypassing sanctions by sea. "Iran is trying to circumvent sanctions by smuggling oil by sea...
09:22 Netanyahu calls on the world to stop maritime "smuggling" of oil from Iran
Why is it delayed? ambulance in Petropavlovsk, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu accused Iran of trying to circumvent sanctions by...
07:13
Tel Aviv. Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu called on the international community to block Iran's attempts to sell oil by sea in circumvention of sanctions. He made a corresponding statement during a visit to the Israeli Navy base in Haifa. "Iran...
00:21 Israel calls for blocking Iran's attempts to sell oil by sea
Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, during a visit to the largest naval base in the city of Haifa, said that the international community must make efforts to stop Iran's attempts to sell its oil bypassing sanctions by sea.
23:13 Netanyahu called for a fight against maritime "smuggling" of Iranian oil
Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu accused the Iranian side of trying to circumvent sanctions by smuggling oil by sea and called on the international community to put an end to this. According to him, the naval forces will...
22:35 Netanyahu called for blocking Iran's attempts to sell oil by sea in circumvention of sanctions
The Israeli Prime Minister noted that as such attempts become more frequent, the Navy will play an increasing role in efforts to block such actions by Iran.
13:15 Iran's oil exports to Japan and South Korea should increase until May
Japan and South Korea's oil imports from Iran should increase through May as these buyers maximize the amount of oil they can buy before the end of the US sanctions reprieve.
14:00 Oil exports from Iran to Japan and South Korea will increase until May 2019
Tehran. Oil exports from Iran to Japan and South Korea will increase until May 2019. Countries intend to maximize the amount of oil they can purchase before the end of the reprieve from US sanctions. February oil exports from Iran to Asia almost doubled...
14:10 A modern oil refining complex has been launched in the south of Iran.
This project is part of the state plan to modernize the country's oil refining industry on February 18 in Iran based on a plant in the city of Bandar Abbas This project is part of the state plan to modernize the country's oil refining industry on February 18 in Iran based on a plant in the city of Bandar Abbas...
13:55 Under the most optimistic scenario, Iran will export 1.5 million barrels of oil - expert
In the most optimistic scenario, Iran will export 1.5 million barrels of oil daily
12:29 Some of Iran's oil and gas fields are not being developed
In Iran, 120 out of 250 oil fields, as well as 100 out of 130 gas fields, are not being developed.
14:09 Iran exported 17 million tons of petrochemical products in 10 months.
According to the National Petrochemical Company (NPC), Iran exported more than 17 million tons of petrochemical products worth more than 9.73 billion dollars. According to the National Petrochemical Company (NPC), Iran exported more than 17 million tons of petrochemical products worth more than 9.73 billion. billion dollars...
10:05 Iran is increasing oil exports.
Since the beginning of this year. Since the beginning of 2019, Iran, despite US sanctions against the country’s energy sector, has been increasing oil exports. About Since the beginning of this year. Since the beginning of 2019, Iran, despite US sanctions against the country's energy sector, has been increasing oil exports. About...
08:48 Oil rises in price on February 21 due to OPEC production cuts and US sanctions against Venezuela and Iran
Oil prices are rising on Thursday, trading near highs since the fall of 2018 amid OPEC production cuts and US sanctions against Iran and Venezuela.
11:28 Why Iranian oil exports are growing under US sanctions
Iranian oil exports, paradoxically, began to grow despite American sanctions. This is evidenced by statistics from the Refinitiv Eikon vessel tracking system. In particular, as noted by Reuters, which analyzed the data, in February the volume of oil exports from Iran increased to 1.3 million barrels per day, while in January it did not exceed 1.1 million barrels […]
The post Why Iranian oil exports are growing under US sanctions first appeared on TEKNOBLOG.
10:07 Iran's oil exports grow despite US sanctions
Moscow. The volume of oil exports from Iran has increased since the beginning of 2019; in January it amounted to 1.1 million barrels. The increase in exports occurred despite US sanctions against the country's energy sector. In February 2019, the figure increased to 1.3...
03:07 Iranian oil exports are growing
It increased at the beginning of 2019, despite US sanctions
23:29 Iran increased oil exports
Iran's oil exports have increased since the beginning of 2019, despite US sanctions against the country's energy sector, Reuters reported, citing Refinitiv Eikon ship tracking data.
20:26 Iran increases oil exports despite US sanctions: Reuters
Iran is increasing oil exports, despite US sanctions, which were supposed to lead to a complete cessation of oil purchases from this country. Reuters reports this...
18:50 Iran increases oil exports despite US sanctions
Iran's oil exports have increased since the beginning of 2019, despite US sanctions against the country's energy sector, Reuters reported, citing Refinitiv Eikon ship tracking data.
18:22 Media: Oil exports from Iran are growing despite US sanctions
Iran's oil exports have increased since the beginning of the year, despite US sanctions against the country's energy sector.
15:11 The President of Iran launched the 3rd phase of the Zvezda oil refinery...
Iranian President H. Rouhani launched the 3rd phase of the Persian Gulf Star oil refinery and a project to increase productivity. The projects were commissioned on the occasion of the 40th anniversary of the victory of the Islamic Revolution.
Construction of the Persian Gulf Star refinery began in 2006 on 730 hectares of land 25 km from the southern port city of Bandar Abbas.
The initial raw material for loading the plant's processing capacity is gas condensate produced at the South Pars gas field in the Persian Gulf.
The plant will be able to process 360 thousand barrels/day of condensate.
The plant is designed to produce 36 million liters/day of high-quality gasoline.
The 3rd phase added 12 million l/day to the plant's production capacity.
Although it was initially decided to develop the facility in 3
12:49 Iran's Oil Minister flew to negotiate with China on the development of the 11th phase of South Pars
Tehran. Iranian Oil Minister Bijan Namdar Zanganeh went to Beijing to agree on the implementation of a project to develop the 11th phase of the South Pars gas field with the Chinese company CNPC. He went on the trip accompanied by the speaker...
13:05 Iran's Oil Minister will discuss with CNPC its participation in the South Pars project
Iranian Oil Minister Bijan Namdar Zanganeh will discuss the company's participation in the South Pars Phase 11 project with the leadership of the China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC) in Beijing.
12:59 Iran will allocate 20% of oil export revenues to a development fund
Tehran. The leader of the Islamic Revolution, Ayatollah Seyyed Ali Khamenei, ordered in writing that a 20% share of oil exports be allocated to the fund national development Iran (NDFI). This was announced by the Speaker of the Iranian Parliament Larijani. Considering the current situation in...
12:09 Media: Iran's Oil Minister will discuss with CNPC its participation in the South Pars project.
As Reuters previously reported, CNPC, under US pressure, suspended investments in this gas field. Iranian Oil Minister Bijan Namdar Zanganeh As Reuters previously reported, CNPC, under US pressure, suspended investments in this gas field. Iranian Oil Minister Bijan Namdar Zanganeh...
10:32 Iraqi Kurdistan suspends oil exports to Iran
Baghdad. The Kurdish Regional Administration of Iraq has stopped supplying crude oil to Iran. This was stated by the Ministry of Natural Resources Iraqi Kurdistan Tankers with oil no longer cross checkpoints between countries, reports...
02:30 Iran's Oil Minister will discuss with CNPC its participation in the South Pars project
Iranian Oil Minister Bijan Namdar Zanganeh will discuss the company's participation in the South Pars Phase 11 project with the leadership of the China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC) in Beijing.
21:48 Media: Iranian Oil Minister will discuss with CNPC its participation in the South Pars project
As Reuters previously reported, CNPC, under US pressure, suspended investments in this gas field
17:50 Donya-e-eqtesad (Iran): what is “pulling down” oil prices?
Stock and oil markets around the world are experiencing either stagnation or a clear decline, both in anticipation of a serious economic downturn in Europe and due to the uncertainty surrounding the prospects for a US-China trade agreement. An Iranian journalist takes a look at what drives prices and what to expect in soon.
10:30 Syria week results February 10 – 16: video about the incident in Douma is fake, the US is stealing Syrian oil, Russia-Turkey-Iran summit
Arab media have revealed new facts of smuggling of Syrian oil carried out by the United States in controlled territories east of the Euphrates River. The West suddenly decided to lift the veil of secrecy around the incident in Douma, after which the United States, Great Britain and France attacked Syria in April 2018. The presidents of Russia, Iran and Turkey held the fourth trilateral meeting of the heads of state guarantors of the peace settlement in Sochi.
16:15 Iran exported 17 million tons of petrochemical products in 10 months
Iran exported more than 17 million tons of petrochemical products worth more than US$9.73 billion from March 20, 2018 to January 20, 2019, according to the National Petrochemical Company (NPC).
10:26 Iran exported 17 million tons of petrochemical products
Tehran. Iran exported more than 17 million tons of petrochemical products worth more than $9.73 billion. It's about about the period from March 20, 2018 to January 20, 2019. NPC added that the production volume of Iranian petrochemical companies during this period...
10:04 Alekperov: The fate of the OPEC+ deal will become clear after sanctions against Iran are determined
The further fate of the OPEC+ deal will become clear in April after the situation with sanctions against Iran is clarified
09:54 The fate of the OPEC+ deal will become clear in April after sanctions against Iran are determined - Lukoil
The further fate of the OPEC+ deal will become clear in April after the situation with sanctions against Iran is clarified, Lukoil President Vagit Alekperov told TASS on the sidelines of the Russian Investment Forum in Sochi. “Everything will depend on how the situation around Iran develops in April. How much the sanctions will be strengthened,” he said.
09:22 Alekperov: the fate of the OPEC+ deal will become clear after sanctions against Iran are determined
NEWS AGENCY OF RUSSIA TASS
09:18 Iran's petrochemical exports reach almost $10 billion
Since the beginning of the current Iranian year (starts from March 21, 2018), Iran's petrochemical exports have reached $9.73 billion
01:20 Sanctions went the sulfur route // The US fight with Iran and Venezuela raises the price of Urals oil
US sanctions imposed on the oil industries of Iran and Venezuela may bring additional revenue to the Russian budget. led to a shortage of sulfur varieties, which include the main Russian export variety Urals. As a result, the price difference between Urals and the traditionally more expensive low-sulfur Brent is reduced, while every dollar of increase in the price of Urals brings an additional 90 billion rubles to the Russian budget. in year. However, it is difficult to assess how stable the trend will be. Experts also name a number of other reasons for the reduction in price differences, expecting a possible clarification of the situation in the spring.
10:01 Iranian oil production and exports fell by 27%
Oil production fell by 1.064 million barrels per day to 2.754 million barrels. Export level - less than a million barrels per day
13:35
Despite US sanctions on oil exports from Iran, during the first nine months of the current Iranian year, crude oil revenues reached $17.152 million, an increase of 48.9% compared to last year.
11:05 Iran's crude oil revenues rise 48.9% despite sanctions
Tehran. Despite US sanctions on oil exports from Iran, during the first nine months of the current Iranian year, crude oil revenues reached $17.152 million, an increase of 48.9% compared to last year. Basic...
22:33 Despite US sanctions, Iran's oil export revenues increased by 49%
Iran's oil export revenues increased by 49% in the first nine months of the current Iranian calendar year (started March 21, 2018), despite US sanctions. These data were reported on Monday by the IRNA agency, citing official statistics. According to this information, for this period Iran
17:24 Belarus and Iran may agree on oil supplies
Minsk and Tehran, if necessary, can easily agree on the supply of Iranian oil to the republic. This opinion was expressed by Iranian Ambassador to Belarus Mostafa Oveisi, Interfax reports...
14:55 About Venezuela, sanctions and oil - an interview for Sputnik with the Iranian Ambassador to Belarus
Is the issue of Lukashenko’s visit to Iran being worked out and how does official Tehran feel about what is happening in Venezuela? The ambassador of the republic answered these questions to Sputnik.
13:05 In Iran they advocate complete failure from the "oil needle"
Iran needs to stop financing budget expenditures from oil profits.
11:00 Iran has commissioned 16 petrochemical plants since 2013.
Since 2013, Iran has commissioned 16 petrochemical enterprises with a total capacity of 8.58 million tons, media reports. Since 2013, Iran has commissioned 16 petrochemical enterprises with a total capacity of 8.58 million tons, media reports. Since 2013, there have been ...
12:31 Iran increased petrochemical production capacity by 8.58 million tons
Tehran. Productive capacity Iran's petrochemical sector increased by 8.58 million tons. This was made possible thanks to 16 new projects. The enterprises were built at a cost of $6.47 billion and include projects such as the Kurdistan NZ, NK...
18:24 Oil premium for political risk may go away due to sanctions on Iran
Over the past period, oil prices continued to rise, but the growth rate decreased slightly after the announcement Saudi Arabia and Russia about the intention and possibility to increase oil production in the event of a shortage on the market. However, during the panel session of the Russian Energy Week, the main players in the market announced that there is no real shortage of supplies, and reserves in OECD countries, especially in the United States, are Lately show growth. Thus, the current price increase is speculative in nature, and the “rally” is based on geopolitical risks. Based on the fact that, according to the President of the Russian Federation, Russia will be satisfied with an oil price of $65-75, we can assume that the premium for political risk is currently about $10, which may go down once sanctions are imposed on Iran in early November . Nevertheless, speculative players insist on price movement towards the $100 level, opening
13:46 Iran's petrochemical production capacity increased by 8.58 million tons
Tehran. Iran's petrochemical production capacity has increased by 8.58 million tons since 2013. The country's share in global petrochemical production increased to 2.50%. Since 2013, when Hassan took office as president of the country...
03:50 Iran will open new oil refineries in South Pars
Iran will launch new oil refineries at the South Pars field. They are planned to open in the next 2-3 weeks, Iranian Oil Minister Bijan Namdar Zanganeh said at a press conference. These refineries belong to phases 13, 22-24 of this gas field. Investments amounted to $10 billion. The three plants will supply 3 billion cubic feet of gas per day. Of these, two billion are supplied from offshore platforms of phases Nos. 13, 22, 23 and 24. The remaining one billion cubic feet will be supplied from the 14th phase. The South Pars Gas Company is responsible for the development of South Pars. According to the company, 74% of gas comes from refineries. The current capacity of these plants is 2 billion cubic meters.
10:02 India's Hindustan Petroleum said it would purchase 0.9 million tons of Iranian oil this year.
According to the director of the Indian oil refinery Vinod S. Shenoy to Reuters, the company may buy 0.9 million tons of Iranian oil in. According to the director of the Indian oil refinery Vinod S. Shenoy to Reuters, the company can buy 0.9 million tons of Iranian oil in.. .
10:02 New oil refineries will be opened at the Iranian South Pars gas field.
New oil refineries of Iran's South Pars gas field will be opened by Iranian President Hassan Rouhani within the next 2-3 weeks, said New oil refineries of Iran's South Pars gas field will be opened by Iranian President Hassan Rouhani within the next 2-3 weeks, said ...
09:46 New refineries will be opened at the Iranian South Pars gas field
Tehran. New oil refineries at Iran's South Pars gas field will open within 2-3 weeks. This was stated by Iranian Oil Minister Bijan Namdar Zanganeh. The minister said that these oil refineries...
13:01 Are the EU afraid to buy Iranian oil, despite exemptions from sanctions?
European countries did not want to buy Iranian oil after the introduction of American sanctions, despite the fact that the US Treasury granted them six-month exemptions. This was stated by Iranian Oil Minister Bijan Namdar Zanganeh. “We have proposed to them more than once, but they have not responded to our proposals,” the Iranian Fars news agency quotes Zanganeh as saying. It is obvious that Zanganeh was hinting at [...]
Post Are the EU afraid to buy Iranian oil, despite exemptions from sanctions? TEKNOBLOG appeared for the first time.
21:19 Iran said that the Europeans ignored Tehran's offer to buy oil
European countries did not respond to Iran's offer to sell oil against the backdrop of the fact that the United States made exceptions to its sanctions and was not against such purchases, Iranian Oil Minister Bijan Zanganeh said.
16:47 Greece and Italy stopped buying Iranian oil, despite US permission
Iranian Oil Minister Bijan Zanganeh criticized Greece and Italy for refusing to buy Iranian oil despite US permission. According to Zanganeh, Athens and Rome did not provide Tehran with any explanation for such a decision.
16:21 Greece and Italy refuse to buy Iran's oil for unexplained reasons
Iranian Oil Minister Bijan Zanganeh criticized Greece and Italy for refusing to buy Iranian oil despite US permission.
15:50
14:21 European countries are not buying Iranian oil despite exemptions from US sanctions
European countries, including Italy and Greece, have stopped buying Iranian oil, despite the exceptions they were granted from US sanctions on the purchase of oil from Iran, Iranian Oil Minister Bijan Namdar Zanganeh said, as quoted by Shana. “All European countries, with the exception of Turkey, have stopped importing oil from...
14:02 European countries are not buying Iranian oil despite exemptions from US sanctions
European countries have stopped purchasing Iranian oil, including Italy and Greece, despite the exceptions provided to them from US sanctions on the purchase of oil from Iran, Iranian Oil Minister Bijan Namdar Zanganeh said, as quoted by the Shana agency, TASS reports.
12:46 Iran's hydrocarbon reserves are estimated at 160 billion barrels
Iran's hydrocarbon reserves are currently estimated at 160 billion barrels, Shana agency reports the words of the country's Oil Minister Bijan Zanganeh.
10:29 Iran has more than 160 billion barrels of oil and more than 33 trillion cubic meters. gas
Tehran. The National Iranian Oil Company (NIOC) announced the size of the country's recoverable liquid hydrocarbon reserves. Iran's oil reserves are estimated at 160.12 billion barrels, and natural gas reserves amount to 33.33 trillion cubic meters. These indicators...
20:58 China takes over Iran's oil sector
Despite the stumbling blocks, China's increasing role in Iran's energy sector will be driven by China's strategic goal of securing energy resources to meet its future needs and Iran's need for foreign investment.
17:01 Russian companies have not lost interest in the Iranian oil market, the ambassador said.
Russian oil companies, even under US sanctions, have not lost interest in the Iranian market, the ambassador said in an interview with RIA Novosti Russian oil companies, even under US sanctions, have not lost interest in the Iranian market, the ambassador said in an interview with RIA Novosti...
13:44
​​​​​​​A payment mechanism independent from the USA is located in France
13:29 A mechanism for payments for Iranian oil has been created
A payment mechanism independent from the United States is located in France. As reported by RIA Novosti with reference to the German TV channel ARD, a special mechanism for settlements with Iran, allowing to circumvent American sanctions, has been created. It's called INSTEX - “In...
Iran is preparing to increase oil production - unlike most OPEC countries, which are reducing it. The Islamic Republic plans to increase production by 50%, to 6 million barrels per day. A recently discovered field with reserves of 15 billion barrels will help Iran with this. But its development may be complicated by new US sanctions, which may be joined by other countries.
A new large one has been discovered in Iran. oil deposit with reserves of 15 billion barrels (about 2 billion tons). This was announced by the Managing Director of the National Iranian oil company(NIOC) Ali Kardor.
He clarified that at least 2 billion barrels. out of 15 billion are guaranteed recoverable reserves. But their development requires huge investments and updating of technological capacities.
Now the Islamic Republic of Iran produces about 4 million barrels of oil per day, and Iran reached these figures only by the end of 2016. Previously, Iran was recovering from Western sanctions, which were lifted only in mid-January last year. Sanctions, among other things, limited the export of local oil, as a result of which production in Iran was also reduced. According to OPEC, Iran produced 2.88 million barrels per day in January 2016.
“According to the plans of the Iranian government, by 2025 the country’s share in the structure of world oil production will be 7%,” says a recently published analytical note prepared by Frost & Sullivan experts. - Iran’s new energy strategy provides for an increase in daily oil production to 6 million barrels by the end of 2020. At the same time, the oil recovery factor (ORF) will increase by 0.2% per year, mainly due to the reinjection of water and gas into oil-bearing formations.”
Currently, the level of world oil prices is supported by an agreement to limit production signed by OPEC countries and a number of other producers at the end of last year. The agreement was concluded for the first half of 2017 with the possibility of extension for another six months, but recently oil market leaders are increasingly saying that they are not going to extend it.
Iran was initially effectively excluded from the agreement as a country affected by sanctions.
The new field could help Iran fulfill its plans to increase production, which in the next few years could have an impact on the world market. New oil volumes will put pressure on quotes.
“It all depends on how labor-intensive the development of a new field will be,” points out Artem Deev, leading analyst at Amarkets. “But even without taking this into account, it would be wrong to expect that the development of this field will somehow affect the world market.”
The fact is that oil from this field, according to Deev, will not reach the markets in the near future, since development is a rather capital-intensive and lengthy process.
“Moreover, Iran may have problems with oil production at the new field, since the country is seriously lagging behind technologically in this industry and US sanctions are preventing the introduction of new technologies to Iran,”- says the expert.
America introduced new sanctions against Iran last week, thus reacting to the test ballistic missile, which was carried out by Tehran. US President Donald Trump called Iran "the number one terrorist state." Under sanctions on this moment turned out to be 13 individuals and 12 companies based in Iran, Lebanon, China and the UAE, but this is probably not the final list.
It has already been reported that the American Congress may introduce new restrictive measures. In parallel, Israel called on “responsible” nations to listen to the US position.
On Tuesday, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu spoke to his British counterpart Theresa May about the issue, saying Iran threatens “Europe, the West, the world.”
Iran, for its part, says that the US attitude does not frighten it, but due to sanctions, American companies will not be able to participate in tenders for the development of Iranian hydrocarbon reserves. Iranian Deputy Oil Minister for International and Commercial Affairs Amir Hossein Zamaninia spoke about this on Monday. Previously, Iran invited foreign investors to cooperate on 70 oil and gas projects.
But even if now difficulties with technology really prevent Iran from developing large new reserves, in the near future the Iranians may well be able to cope with this problem. F&S experts in their material indicate that the most important task of Iran’s energy strategy remains reducing the share of imports of equipment and technologies necessary for the development of oil and gas fields.
IN last decade Iran has made large-scale investments in the R&D sector, which has contributed to the creation and establishment serial production a number of key technologies by Iranian companies.
“Despite the fact that the cost of locally produced equipment remains 30–70% higher foreign analogues and often suffers greatly in quality, today Iran is able to produce from 60 to 80% of all necessary oil and gas technologies on its own.”,” say F&S experts.
Moreover, in certain segments (for example, in the field of construction of drilling rigs), the level of localization reaches 100%.
F&S analyst Dmitry Raspopov said that the field is potentially capable of producing 150-200 thousand barrels per day (at the start of industrial production, based on the volume of recoverable reserves of 2 billion barrels).
“In theory, new volumes put downward pressure on prices,” the expert comments. - On the other hand, new deposits are discovered every year, not only in Iran. Therefore, an increase in reserves in Iran is unlikely to have any impact on world prices in the coming years, especially since Iran, at the current level of technology and investment, is close to its production ceiling.”
First scientific communication Loftus reported oil discoveries in southwestern Iran in 1855. In 1872, Julius de Ruyter, the founder of the telegraph agency, received a concession from the Iranian government to search for certain minerals, including oil. However, a year later this concession was revoked. A few years later, Reuter again tried to acquire a concession in Iran, which he achieved in 1889, thereby gaining the right to found a bank. Oil exploration was carried out by the First Bank Mining Rights Corporation (Anglo-German capital). In three years (1891-1893), two wells were drilled in Dalek, northeast of Bushehr, with a depth of over 240 meters, and one well on the island of Qeshm, with a depth of up to 210 meters. The wells turned out to be unproductive, and in 1894 the company was liquidated.
In 1901, the Englishman William Knox, who became rich in gold mining in Australia, received an oil concession covering the entire territory of Iran, with the exception of the five northern provinces, and in 1902 drilling began in Shah-i-Surkh. Here they were discovered individual signs oil, but no industrial inflows were obtained. In 1906, two exploratory wells were drilled in Mamatein, near Ram Hormuz, but the drilling did not yield positive results, and in 1907 reconnaissance was transferred to the Mesjid-i-Sulaiman area. On May 26, 1908, oil was encountered in well No. 1 at a depth of 354 meters, and 10 days later, at a depth of 303 meters, oil and gas were obtained in well No. 2. Further events unfolded quickly. In 1909-1910 The construction of an oil pipeline from Mesjid-i-Suleiman to Abadan and the construction of an oil refinery in Abadan began, which was put into operation in 1913.
Knox's capital was insufficient to carry out all necessary work. Additional funds were provided by the Burma Oil Company and some private individuals, leading to the formation of the Anglo-Persion Oil Company. In May 1914, the British government, at the suggestion of Winston Churchill, then Secretary of the Navy, acquired a significant part of the shares of this company to provide oil navy. The outbreak of war with Turkey in November 1914 threatened the oil fields of Iran, and therefore British troops were landed there. The Mesopotamian campaign followed, lasting until 1918, in which successes alternated with defeats.
After 1918, oil production from the Mesjid-i-Sulaiman field increased continuously, and the capacity of the Abadan refinery was increased. In 1928, the Haft-Kel field produced the first oil, in 1941 - Kah-Saran, in 1944 - Aga-Jari, in 1945 - Sources of white oil, and in 1948 - Lali. Average daily oil production in Iran in 1948 was 518 thousand barrels, and total production from 1913 to the end of 1948 amounted to 1938 million barrels. There is a small oil refinery at Mesjid-i-Sulaiman that supplies petroleum transport with gasoline.
Features of Iranian oil fields
Iranian oil fields are confined to large simple anticlines; thick (300-meter-high) Asmari limestones (Lower Miocene - Oligocene) serve as reservoirs. The uplifts are well defined, the southwestern wings are steep and in some cases almost vertical, as a result of which the limestones are characterized by significant fracturing. Their average porosity is low, so in order to become productive, a well must encounter a fractured zone. Most natural reservoirs communicate with each other so freely that at a distance of 25-32 km one can detect the same pressure drop that occurs during the operation of the field. The wells are spaced from one another at a distance of 1.5-3 km, and the progress of the gas-oil and water-oil sections is under constant monitoring through monitoring wells.
The Asmari limestones are overlain by anhydrite-salt-clayey strata belonging to the lower fars and forming an impermeable cover. Oil and gas seeps mark shallower accumulations of oil for which the ratio of overburden pressure to fluid pressure contained in an underground reservoir has proven insufficient to seal the reservoir. The plasticity of the salt-bearing strata caused the extremely sharp unconformity of the upper strata and the underlying massive Asmari limestones, so that in some cases synclines composed of the upper strata are located above buried anticlines. To recognize the structure, seismic exploration using the refracted wave method was used here.
Naft-i-Shah oil field
Naft-e Shah is a small field located away from the main group of oil fields in Iran. It is located on the Iran-Iraq border, northeast of Baghdad (the part of the anticline located within Iraq is called Naft Khaneh). The 3-inch oil pipeline connects the Naft-i-Shah field with the Kermanshah oil refinery, producing petroleum products for the local market in this region of Iran. In 1947, Naft-i-Shah's daily production averaged 2,800 barrels.
The throughput capacity of the Abadan oil refinery is 495 thousand barrels of crude oil per day. The plant produces a wide range of petroleum products. Specific gravity oil ranges from 0.835 (Masjid-e-Sulaiman field) to 0.865 (Kah-Saran field), and the sulfur content ranges from 1 to 2%. The oil has a paraffin-naphthenic base with a significant asphalt content. During the Second World War, when Burma and Indonesia were occupied by the Japanese, the importance of the Abadan oil refinery increased enormously, which, in particular, was reflected in the increase in the production of aviation gasoline here, which reached 20 thousand barrels per day in 1945.
Oil fields of Southwestern Iran
From the fields of southwestern Iran, oil is supplied via an oil pipeline to Abadan, as well as to the oil loading port of Bandar Mashur. The throughput capacity of oil pipelines is about 650 thousand barrels per day. Mesjid-i-Sulaiman, Lali, Haft Kel and Naft Safid are connected to Abadan by six 10-inch oil pipelines, and Kah-Saran by 12-inch; The Agha-Jari oil field is connected to Abadan by a 12-inch oil pipeline and to Bandar-Mashur by a 12-inch and 22-inch oil pipeline. Due to the elevated position of the Kah-Saran and Aga-Jari fields, oil from them is supplied to the final destinations by gravity, but the construction of pumping stations was required to transfer oil from other fields. Oil refineries are available in Mesjid-e-Sulaiman. Small oil refineries have been built at some fields to satisfy local fuel needs. Abadan's oil storage facilities, which can hold approximately 800,000 barrels of crude oil, are usually half full.
The initial concession received by D'Arcy covered an area of 1,245 thousand square meters. km, only five northern provinces remained outside the concession:
- Iranian Azerbaijan,
- Gilyan,
- Mazanderan,
- Asterabad,
- Khorasan.
The concession agreement was concluded for 60 years starting in 1901, and royalties to Iran were set at 16% of net profits. After commercial oil production began, disagreements arose between the Iranian government and the company over the definition of “net profit.” The Iranian government was dissatisfied with fluctuations in the size of annual royalties, which depended on revenues for oil sold, and therefore on prices on the world market. Negotiations on concluding a new agreement were quite successful until the Iranian government unilaterally denounced the concession agreement in 1932. Immediate cause This act was prompted by a sudden drop in the size of contributions in 1931, which was a consequence of the global crisis and the associated sharp drop in prices. The concession dispute was referred to the League of Nations in Geneva, and after some time an acceptable agreement was reached between the company and the Iranian government. An agreement was concluded on a new concession, according to which, in addition to fixed concession payments (4 shillings for each ton of oil, and the value of a shilling was determined on the basis of an agreed ratio to gold), the Iranian government received a certain share in the company’s profits, subject to distribution after payment to shareholders 5 % dividend. A new concession agreement was signed in 1933 for 60 years. The concession area was reduced to 260 thousand square meters. km.
In 1937, the Emirates Oil Company, a subsidiary of the Seaboard Oil Company of Delaware, received oil concessions in northeastern and eastern Iran, and over the next two years extensive exploration work was carried out there. Subsequently, the concession was abandoned, since the company, part of the shares of which was acquired by Caltex, was unable to discover such oil deposits that would justify the opening of development in such unfavorable conditions. geographical conditions. The results of geological work in eastern Iran are described in detail by F. Clapp.
In 1943 and 1944 British and American companies made attempts to acquire concessions in central, eastern and southeastern Iran. The oil reserves of northern Iran are poorly explored. There are many signs of oil here, although geologically this area has almost nothing in common with the oil-bearing zone of southwestern Iran.
The first shipment of Iranian oil, free from sanctions, went on tankers to Europe. Four million barrels are destined for companies from France, Russia and Spain. This was stated by Iranian Deputy Oil Minister Rokneddin Javadi. In addition to tankers for Europe, Tehran sold three more oil tankers to Asia, to its traditional markets. The press reports that Iranian oil officials are willing to make small concessions on price.
On February 14, Tehran announced the first shipment of oil exported to Europe since the lifting of Western sanctions. Deputy Oil Minister Rokneddin Javadi told IRNA that the shipment of raw materials to Europe has opened for the first time in 5 years " new chapter" V oil industry IRI. Several Western tankers with 4 million barrels of Iranian oil set off for the European continent, reports.
Half of this batch was purchased by the French concern Total, the rest of the oil is intended for two companies from Russia and Spain. According to Javadi, Russian company will send the resulting oil to its refinery in Romania. The agreement with the French energy concern provides for daily supplies of 160-180 thousand barrels.
Deutsche Welle also recalls that on the same day, Tehran and Rome signed a memorandum of understanding to expand cooperation in the petrochemical industry. total amount preliminary agreement of intent - one billion euros.
Iran is also negotiating with the German concern BASF. The latter intends to invest 4 billion euros in Iran's petrochemical industry.
In addition to oil for Europe, Iran sold three tankers of raw materials to Asia, reports citing Reuters.
These markets are traditional for Iran, and it is there, according to the Wall Street Journal, that Tehran plans to regain its share. According to the publication, in order to successfully compete with suppliers from Russia and other countries, Iran has already reduced prices for refineries on the coast Mediterranean Sea. Earlier, the same Wall Street Journal wrote that Iranian officials are ready to make small concessions on price. They try not to agree to large discounts, but are looking for other ways to pay for supplies: for example, in exchange for European goods or investments in foreign refineries in order to obtain more attractive conditions in contracts for the sale of raw materials.
The publication also recalls that the prospect of resuming Iranian oil exports beyond Last year reduced oil prices twice: in July 2015, after Iran agreed with the Six to stop nuclear program, and in January 2016, when market participants realized the imminent lifting of sanctions against Iran.
Let us remind you that the United States and the European Union announced the lifting of sanctions against Iran a month ago. In particular, the ban on oil supplies to European countries was lifted.
At the same time, Tehran announced its raw materials plans: to return to the previous volumes of supplies of “black gold” to the world market - up to 2 million barrels of crude oil per day. Iranian oil officials are allocating approximately six months to implement this plan. Experts don’t really believe the Iranians and believe that the state will need up to a year and a half to increase production: it needs investors, it needs new infrastructure.
While Western sanctions were in effect, Iran sold about 1 million barrels of oil per day to China, India, Turkey, Japan, South Korea, that is, to Asian countries.
Before Iran returned to the Western oil market, analysts issued a variety of forecasts. The majority was inclined to inevitably reduce the price - to 20 or even 10 dollars per barrel. In addition to Iran, the price will be affected by an excess of raw materials on the market (overstocking), problems in the Chinese economy and OPEC’s reluctance to reduce production volumes so far.
However, the latter is now in question.
Last Friday, oil prices rose by more than 10% only due to the hope that OPEC countries would reduce production. Nigeria's oil minister said directly that cartel members are increasingly inclined to act to support prices and that he will negotiate with his counterparts from Saudi Arabia and Qatar on this issue.
Iran is unlikely to have a significant impact on the global market, as it currently exports 1.3 million barrels per day and will produce 1.5 million barrels per day by the start of the new year (which begins in Iran on March 20). Vice President of the country Eshaq Jahangiri said this.
Quotes a statement from the UAE Minister of Energy. He also said that OPEC members are ready to cooperate on a possible reduction in oil production.
According to some analysts, some investors continue to hope for a reduction in production by the main suppliers of “black gold” against the backdrop of a continuing oversupply of raw materials on the market.
“For Saudi Arabia and Iran, they are not interested in cutting right now, but at the same time they do not want prices to continue to decline because at $25 a barrel they will not be able to make a profit,” MarketWatch said. Gordon Kwan, Head of Commodity Market Research at Nomura Holdings.
However, even with a likely reduction in production, there remains one more limiting factor for rising oil prices: China.
According to the report of the National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China, which is quoted by RIA "", exports of goods from China in January 2016 decreased in annual terms by 11.2%, with a forecast of a decrease of only 1.8%. Imports decreased by 18.8%, while analysts had expected a decrease of 3.6%.
Earlier, surprisingly optimistic forecasts regarding the oil market flashed in the press.
For example, at the end of January, analysts at the British bank Standard Chartered predicted an increase in oil prices this year to $75 per barrel. I wrote about this with reference to MarketWatch.
The bank's chief economist, Marios Marazeftis, said that this conclusion was made by experts when considering the dynamics of supply and demand. Marazeftis believes that supplies could fall sharply in the second half of the year. The current glut is based on a surplus of only about 1 million barrels per day. Standard Chartered expects that by the fourth quarter of the year the price of a barrel of oil will rise to $70-75. The forecast also takes into account the return to the Iranian market.
As for Russia, late in the evening of February 15 at Russian media information has appeared about upcoming negotiations between Moscow and Riyadh on the oil issue. They will be unofficial and will supposedly take place in Doha (the capital of Qatar).
Bloomberg reported on informal negotiations between Russian Energy Minister Alexander Novak and his Saudi counterpart Ali Al-Naimi. The source of the publication, notes, could not clarify what would be the main topic of the conversation. It is only known that Eulogio del Pino, a representative of Venezuela, should join the meeting participants.
Bloomberg has not received confirmation of the meeting either from representatives of the Russian Ministry of Energy or from the Ministry of Oil and Gas mineral resources Saudi Arabia.
It is unlikely, we would add, that Russia will begin to reduce the volume of “black gold” production. Firstly, Western sanctions are in effect, and a reduction in supplies to the foreign market will lead to even more greater deficit the federal budget, already suffering due to the economic downturn and cheap oil. Secondly, the Russian market share may be taken by competing countries, and this means even greater problems for the budget. Thirdly, previously Russia did not reduce production at low prices, but on the contrary, increased production. Open official statistics prove this. For example, in 2009, when export prices for Russian oil fell sharply - from an annual average of $90.68 per barrel to $55.61 per barrel - Russia's crude oil exports did not fall, but increased: from 243. 1 million tons to 247.5 million tons (data from the Federal Customs Service of Russia and Rosstat, summarized). The growth continued the following year (250.7 million tons).
In general, oil exports under Putin have grown quite significantly: from 144.4 million tons in 2000 to 223.4 million tons at the end of 2014. Of course, Moscow does not intend to lose its market share in the world oil market. Especially in times of sanctions carefully extended by the West.
Federal budget revenues from the export of mineral resources and in the form of taxes, fees and regular payments for use natural resources range from a little over 40 percent to a little over 50 percent (according to various sources and different years, see, for example,). The budget's dependence on trade in crude oil and gas is great, and it would be naive to deny this.
A. V. Rogov in the article “Dependence of Russian budget revenues on the export of the oil and gas sector” in the journal provides the following data: federal budget for 2013, which amounted to 13,020 billion rubles, consisted of 5,357 billion rubles (or 41%) from income received from the sale of mineral resources. If we consider the entire budget of the Russian Federation, that is, taking into account the federal and consolidated ones, then the share of revenues from the oil and gas sector in it will be 25.35%, the analyst continues. With a simple calculation, it becomes clear: at least every fourth ruble goes to the treasury of the Russian Federation precisely through the sale of hydrocarbons. “This situation cannot be called encouraging, and the dependence on the oil and gas sector is more than felt, this is especially noticeable at the time of a sharp change in the price of oil on the world market,” the author summarizes.
Currently, let us add in conclusion, oil prices are rising. Dynamics of Brent oil prices in the growth chart: if on February 10 the price per day was $30.92 per barrel, then on February 15 it was already $33.98, and the next day it quickly went up. On the morning of February 16, it rose to $34.72 per barrel.
Thus, Iranian supplies have hardly affected the market situation and have not yet infringed on Russia’s raw material interests. World share The IRI in oil trading is too small to significantly influence exchange pricing.
A new large oil field with reserves of 15 billion barrels (about 2 billion tons) has been discovered in Iran. This was announced by the Managing Director of the National Iranian Oil Company (NIOC) Ali Kardor.
He clarified that at least 2 billion barrels. out of 15 billion are guaranteed recoverable reserves. But their development requires huge investments and updating of technological capacities.
Now the Islamic Republic of Iran produces about 4 million barrels of oil per day, and Iran reached these figures only by the end of 2016. Previously, Iran was recovering from Western sanctions, which were lifted only in mid-January last year. Sanctions, among other things, limited the export of local oil, as a result of which production in Iran was also reduced. According to OPEC, Iran produced 2.88 million barrels per day in January 2016.
“According to the plans of the Iranian government, by 2025 the country’s share in the structure of world oil production will be 7%,” says a recently published analytical note prepared by Frost & Sullivan experts. — Iran’s new energy strategy provides for an increase in daily oil production to 6 million barrels by the end of 2020. At the same time, the oil recovery factor (ORF) will increase by 0.2% per year, mainly due to the reinjection of water and gas into oil-bearing formations.”
Currently, the level of world oil prices is supported by an agreement to limit production signed by OPEC countries and a number of other producers at the end of last year. The agreement was concluded for the first half of 2017 with the possibility of extension for another six months, but recently oil market leaders are increasingly saying that they are not going to extend it.
Iran was initially effectively excluded from the agreement as a country affected by sanctions.
The new field could help Iran fulfill its plans to increase production, which in the next few years could have an impact on the world market. New oil volumes will put pressure on quotes.
“It all depends on how labor-intensive the development of a new field will be,” points out Artem Deev, leading analyst at Amarkets. “But even without taking this into account, it would be wrong to expect that the development of this field will somehow affect the world market.”
The fact is that oil from this field, according to Deev, will not reach the markets in the near future, since development is a rather capital-intensive and lengthy process.
“Moreover, Iran may have problems with oil production at the new field, since the country is seriously lagging behind technologically in this industry and US sanctions are preventing the introduction of new technologies to Iran,” the expert says.
America introduced new sanctions against Iran last week, thus responding to a ballistic missile test conducted by Tehran. US President Donald Trump called Iran "the number one terrorist state." There are currently 13 individuals and 12 companies sanctioned based in Iran, Lebanon, China and the UAE, but this is likely not the final list.
It has already been reported that the American Congress may introduce new restrictive measures. In parallel, Israel called on “responsible” nations to listen to the US position.
On Tuesday, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu spoke to his British counterpart Theresa May about the issue, saying Iran threatens “Europe, the West, the world.”
Iran, for its part, says that the US attitude does not frighten it, but due to sanctions, American companies will not be able to participate in tenders for the development of Iranian hydrocarbon reserves. Iranian Deputy Oil Minister for International and Commercial Affairs Amir Hossein Zamaninia spoke about this on Monday. Previously, Iran invited foreign investors to cooperate on 70 oil and gas projects.
But even if now difficulties with technology really prevent Iran from developing large new reserves, in the near future the Iranians may well be able to cope with this problem. F&S experts in their material indicate that the most important task of Iran’s energy strategy remains reducing the share of imports of equipment and technologies necessary for the development of oil and gas fields.
Over the past decade, Iran has made large-scale investments in the R&D sector, which has contributed to the creation and mass production of a number of key technologies by Iranian companies.
“Despite the fact that the cost of locally produced equipment remains 30-70% higher than foreign analogues and is often significantly inferior in quality, today Iran is able to produce from 60 to 80% of all necessary oil and gas technologies on its own,” F&S experts note.
Moreover, in certain segments (for example, in the field of construction of drilling rigs), the level of localization reaches 100%.
F&S analyst Dmitry Raspopov told Gazeta.Ru that the field is potentially capable of producing 150-200 thousand barrels per day (at the start of industrial production, based on the volume of recoverable reserves of 2 billion barrels).
“In theory, new volumes put downward pressure on prices,” the expert comments. — On the other hand, new deposits are discovered every year, not only in Iran. Therefore, an increase in reserves in Iran is unlikely to have any impact on world prices in the coming years, especially since Iran, at the current level of technology and investment, is close to its production ceiling.”
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