In general, here is the most useful bayan in the topic:
FIRESTARTER
Viyuki form an independent family, Viperidae. They are called violet, and vigrane, but more often just just violets. Sometimes using the design "Oh, Bl *, Vijuk!".
Litus live almost everywhere, with the exception of Antarctica, Australia, New Zealand, Ireland (thanks to St. Patrick), Madagascar, Hawaii and the Far North. Although it strongly depends on what classification to adhere to. If you consider more modern and advanced, then strikeout the entire new light, and the Australia fit back.
This family is considered one of the youngest, and therefore all the best actually in the course of natural selection. Gadyuk's head resembles a spear tip, shields covering their heads, small and practically no different from those on the torso (unlike aspids, let's say). The eyes are small, the eyes usually performs a small roller.
The head is separated from the body with a sharp cervical interception, the body is short and thick, the rear end is dramatically narrows and goes into a short stupid tail.
Poisonous apparatus Vajuk can be called perfect. If you remember, the aspids are not cleaned with poisonous teeth, they are fixed at a certain angle (because of this they can often break). Vijuki learned to press them to the nebu, removing both into the sheath, the episodes back. Thanks to this feature, some family representatives reflected 4-centimeter teeth.
During a throw, Vauduki can smooth out to 180 °, the weapon is discouted, its ends are sent forward, the victims are born into the body and the poison is injected through divergent drives.
Another difference from aspids: no nobility. Watching will not warn about their presence, taking demonstrative poses and loudly spinning. They will try to drain in quiet. If it does not work, they will bite. If your leg turned out to be next to sleeping violence, then waking up, she will be the first thing to her, and then it will be possible to understand what it was.
Spring viper is more dangerous. First, the poison at this time of the year they have the most toxic, secondly, the period of mating and nesting begins. In the warm season, Vauduki is active mainly at dusk, and during the day they are either drunk in whins, or heat in the sun.
Features of the National Poison
With small variations of the poison in all vigor, primarily gem and cytotoxic. That is, it destroys blood and fabric. This happens because the composition of the poison includes a large number of high molecular weight protease enzymes. Such toxins are called necrotic.
Neurotoxins in the composition of the guy poison are practically no, therefore the symptoms of the damage to the nervous system in the clinic is not noted. But there is enough local manifestations and surprises from the cardiovascular system.
In the first minutes at the site of the bite, nothing happens. But it only seems. In fact, the evil sticky enzymes are already able to dismantle the constituent all that comes across on the way. After 10-15 minutes, this is manifested by an edema and redness. For several hours, the edema covers the entire limb, and then can spread to part of the body. In severe cases, bubbles with hemorrhagic (bloody) content appear on the site of the bite.
In the future, signs of necrosis and deep long-lasting wounds appear on the site of bubbles. And even bite can start turning into a mummy. Especially if it was busking in the brush. At the same time, the fingers can dry and decrease in size (mummify).
Simultaneously with the increase in edema, pain in the affected limb arises, which turns into pain in 10-15 hours. And about the clock 10, the patient walks along the walls, recalls all serpentine relatives with a kindly quiet word and promises to unscrew the doctors who do not want to facilitate his suffering. What do you do if his hand or foot actually digested alive? By the way, after the bite of some types of Viguuk, the pain occurs almost immediately, and what it grows later - it is better not to try to imagine.
Viguuki - on average on the footboard - produce less poison than, say, aspids or jams. Therefore, fatal outcomes from their bites are significantly less. And most poisoning proceeds in a light form.
In light cases, the reaction to obtaining a dose of a pulmonary poison is limited to a small swelling at the site of bite, minor pain and redness. It takes itself without any particular consequences.
But in moderate and severe cases, there is a small period of excitation with the shouting of the already mentioned design "oh, bl *, viper!". The excitement is replaced by apatine and drowsiness. In the mouth there is dryness and bitter taste of the tears. The yield of a large amount of liquid from the vascular channel and the expansion of capillaries cause a drop in blood pressure. The pulse is readily, weakness occurs, dizziness, shortness of breath. In severe cases, you can observe a collapse. The functions of the liver and kidneys are disturbed, wet wipes appear in the lungs (stagnant phenomena), the temperature can rise.
The greatest number of deaths falls on the first three days of poisoning. The main reasons are shock of mixed gene and DVS syndrome (disseminated intravascular coagulation). However, there are chances from complications to go to the best world and in a later date.
Poison Gadyuk applies for peaceful purposes. So, on its basis, Mazi is prepared by Viprosal and Vipratoks, which are used in the articular pathology, Ishias and other problems with the musculoskeletal system.
Save-Help!
As in all other cases, antidonal therapy is the most efficient. If you suffer in the shortest possible time to introduce specific serum, the action of which is directed to the poison of a specific viper, it is separated only by a light fright. From "Gadychychy" serums in the territory of the Russian Federation there are anti-thugs, antiguriz and anti-effect. The second and third - more and less. Because with the loss of Central Asia, as a region of living Gurza and Efa, the relevance of serums against their poison for Russians is also lost.
In the case of violets, serum should be entered during the first 30 minutes. Well, the hour is the most maximum. With the introduction in a few hours, its effectiveness will fall at times, and later to prick at all meaningless.
What if there is no serum under the side? As usual - suck. Well, that is, sucking. Poison. From the rings. Better with a special device. Because a person with an ideal healthy mouth is sometimes more difficult to find than serum. And in the case of violets, the requirements for the integrity of the teeth and mucosa of the mouth are especially relevant. Suck makes sense only for the first 10 minutes.
Harness not impose! In no case. Poison necrotic, remember? It will end the fact that hand or leg will have to amputate. At the level of the 2nd cervical vertebra.
What you need to do is to lay the victim so that the head is lower than the level of the legs. By this we keep the brain circulation at a more or less acceptable level.
The spread of the poison takes place mainly on the lymphatic vessels and is intensified with muscle contractions. This means that it is necessary to immobilize the bite limb, as for fractures (the rule of two joints). Ideally, you need to immobilize the most affected, give it a rich warm and sweet drink (hot tea is suitable). No alcohol. Is that witnessing the incident so that they did not climb with the clumsy attempts of first aid.
Cuts and migrations do not need to do either, once again I remind - a poison necrotic, and so damage is large-scale. You do not need to exacerbate the picture.
Blooding is not needed too. The poison in the systemic blood flow is negligible. Yes, and with blood there problems begin, as I wrote. And even greater bleeding will not lead to anything good.
The sooner the bite falls into the hospital, the better. If the busting snake was punished right at the crime scene, it should not be treated with him yet. Thus, you will alleviate serum identification that should be applied in this particular case.
NOT BREATHE!
Prevention of violence of violence, in general, it is reduced to the same simple rule - do not stick to the snakes. But, as we have already found out, Vijuki is not particularly hurry to warn about your presence. So, we yourself will have to take some precautions.
If we go to the forest, wear high boots. The overwhelming majority of bites have to be in their feet when the tail occurs on the tail or enter the nesting territory. Well, or she just laziness to help. Unlike the Cobra, Viper cannot perform high throws, its maximum is the shin.
For the night, it is better to stay on a hill with flames and low vegetation, away from a variety of holes, rocks and glacial boulders. Do not leave the tent open from below, before you get into a sleeping bag check if the wife of the wife of Gaduka did not harm there. There were cases when the tured in the morning wakes up, and next she, snake. To yell and do sharp movements in such cases it is not recommended, the teeth in the neck proceeds much harder.
Well, before climbing unfamiliar bushes, reeds, crevices or holes, it is better to first joke there with a long stick. What to do if from there will jump out, for example, the bear - I do not know, it is to traumatologists
Dragged from the doctor http://uncle-doc.livejournal.com/194474.html
The bite of poisonous snakes is difficult not to notice - after a few minutes a person, as a rule, begins to experience a fairly strong pain. The symptoms of the bite of viper differ little from the symptoms of the bites of other poisonous snakes, but still some differences exist.
Snake Bite Vijuki - Symptoms and Signs
The symptoms of the bite of viper in humans can be different and depend on such indicators:
- The amount of injected poison. In 25% of cases, a person does not receive poison at all during the bite, in 60% of cases, the snake injected rather small, not life-threatening, the dose of the active substance.
- Age and state of health branched. Old men and children are usually worse than the bite. Also in the risk group, those who are inclined to cardiovascular and neurotic diseases, allergies, people, in the near-past past, who have suffered operations and severe systemic diseases. Any chronic disease from the poison of the snake can exacerbate.
- Bite Places. The defeat of the limbs is practically not afflicted by a serious threat to health. Bite in the neck, head, or abdominal cavity requires immediate hospitalization.
Vijuki are very cautious animals, they prefer to avoid contact with man and almost never attack the first. Because of this, most bites occur by negligence, or inattention: in a situation where a person did not notice the snake and stepped on her in high grass, pressed the viper, climbed into the backpack, or a clothes folded on Earth. The symptoms after the bite of viper are primarily manifested in the damage zone:
- feeling of injection;
- reddish trail from 2 poisonous teeth (in difficult cases - 4);
- after 15 minutes - the appearance of severe pain in the place of bite and around it;
- swelling;
- flushing fabrics;
- the appearance of bruises;
- after a few hours, bruises and bubbles with pus may appear.
In addition, signs of toxic poisoning appear:
- weak rapid pulse;
- dizziness and nausea;
- spasms;
- temperature increase;
- an increase and pain of lymph nodes;
- breathing disorder.
What are the symptoms in the bite of viper in animals?
Many animals are not sensitive to the poison of snakes in general, 
but there are also such categories for whom the Bite Vauduki is deadly. These are small rodents, dogs and cats. Symptoms of cattle in the bite of steppe violets are far from always due to the large mass of these animals. You should not worry too much if the cow bitten the snake, most likely, in a couple of days, the animal will fully recover. It may fall on his side for a while, but this is not always happening. But the goat may need a longer period. In general, with strong doses, the poison of the appearance of the bite will be the same as a person. It is important to remember that the milk of the busting animal cannot be used, but you should hand over several times a day.
Gaduka is one of the most common snakes, but she is poisonous and her poison can harm. Vipera Berus, or Viper Ordinary, usually appears in April after wintering, the main asylums are sinks of hay, grass, places near bushes or stones, cavities in rotten stumps. Often with violets face water, as this snake is perfectly floating.
Snake at a meeting with a person tries to hide, she will never attack just like that. Rumor at the reptile is bad, the steps she "hears" along the soil fluctuations long before the approach. But on soft soil or in peatlands, the sounds spread badly and the snake simply does not have time to focus on time. By chance, you can step on the sleeping reptile, which heats up in the sun on hot stones or sand. Therefore, on vacation it is recommended to be careful and watch, there is no snake in the grass.
Poison Vijuki is not deadly, but after the bite it is necessary to consult a doctor to eliminate complications. A specialist should be said which snake bites to be introduced correct serum. It is not difficult to distinguish the viper from others, it is a light gray shade reptile with a thin strip along the back, having a kind of zigzag. Sometimes there are black snakes, but they still differ from others.
Ukus risk zone
It is impossible to die from the bite of viper, as already mentioned above the poison of this reptile is not fatal. But this does not mean that after the bite you can do nothing. Finding into the body, the substance has a hemolytic effect on it, swelling, soreness, numerous minor hemorrhages appear. Also, hemorrhages are also observed in the internal organs, from complications - vessel thrombosis.
At the site of the bite, two deep wounds from the teeth are visible, blood is baked quickly, that is, no bleeding. Next, the following symptoms are observed:
- appearance of tissue swelling;
- the skin around the wound acquires a blue shade, minor hemorrhages appear;
- with the defeat of the hands cease to bend fingers, the edema spreads to the elbow;
- the general condition may deteriorate, so the bustful person is better not to move much, more drinking and not to move the striking limb.
Despite the fact that the poison is not deadly, inaction or incorrectly rendered assistance can still be the cause of death. This is not connected with the action of the poison itself, but with complications against which no action was taken against which.
Most often, people suffer from the bite of viper people in nature, in places near the water, in thickets of thick herbs. This snake is most active in the afternoon, she loves to warm up in the sun, so it can crawl on the tracks and stones, lie on the stump. In the summer nights, such snakes often crawl to the fire, so tourists and rest must be carefully referring to the safety of the place of overnight stay.
It is not difficult to notice the reprint, it immediately takes a protective pose, rises, makes fraudulent throws and hits. But this does not mean that the snake will definitely bite - if you do not do sharp movements and not disturbing it, Vijuk just crashes.
What happens when snake bite?
Reptile bite painful, but it can be recovered in just a couple of days, usually in 4-5 days. In order for entering the poison to the body, without consequences, it should be remembered for such recommendations:
- The most dangerous bites are closer to the head. The poison quickly affects the nervous system, causing a strong, rapidly increasing pain. Therefore, with such lesions, it is necessary to contact any medical institution in the shortest possible time, where a hitch of special serum will be made.
- The most toxic is the spring poison containing in the composition of neurotropic cytotoxins. In addition to the damage to nerve cells, the leaning of tissues, blood coagulation disorders are observed.
- The poison quickly spreads, after 20 minutes it strikes the whole organism. Among the most pronounced symptoms is a breakdown, dizziness, tachycardia, nausea, total lethargy. A person usually looks drunk and inhibited.
Despite the fact that the bleeding is stopped immediately, and at first, the symptoms are almost not felt, and branched should be delivered to the doctor in the next half hour. In this case, serum will be sufficient to neutralize the entire poison that fell into the body. But in some cases additional measures will be required to eliminate the damage to the blood and nervous systems, pressure normalization. The patient should have a certain time under the supervision of a doctor, otherwise such hazardous complications may develop such as inhibition of breathing, loss of consciousness, disorders of the cardiovascular system. The outcome of the inaction can be a fatal outcome. But it should be remembered that death is not the poison itself, but the wrong actions of the branched and surrounding.
What if you were bitten?
The guy poison is not fatal, but this does not mean that after the bite there will be nothing. It should be neutralized as quickly as possible and derived from the body, for which special vaccines and other drugs are used. According to many data, the negative effects of bite are usually observed with incorrect actions. If the first help is not timely assistance, then the consequences can be the most deplorable, although not fatal.
First assistance in the bite of viper includes such actions:
- You can suck the poison only in the first a couple of minutes, then it's useless to do it.
- It is impossible to do shorts at the place of bite, the limb should be simply fixed and keep moving to the doctor.
- It is necessary to turn to the doctor faster to make the seed injection.
- The patient all the time before visiting the doctor should not move or walk, as it seriously worsens the state.
- It is necessary to drink more, but not immediately, but in small portions, the total number is up to three liters (instead of water you can give gas production, ordinary juices).
- You can give 1-2 tablets of any means from an allergic reaction, for example, taverned or suprastin.
You can not use other medicines other than those specified. Also cannot be caught up or cutting the wreck, put the harnesses or actively move the damaged limb. Before the ban is also "folk" methods that will not bring relief, but they can seriously worsen the situation.
Is it possible to suck poison?
The consequences of bite can be quite dangerous, causing various chronic diseases. Vaccine will help to avoid such complications, but professional assistance is not always available. In the first 3-5 minutes, immediately after bite, you can avoid negative consequences if you try to suck the poison from the wound. In the future, it is useless to do it, as it will already have time to spread through the body with blood flow.
You can do this only if there are no wounds and other damage on the lips or in your mouth. Before starting to suck the poison, the skin around the wound should be squeezed and squeeze a couple of blood droplets. After that, you can proceed to remove the poison, sucking it with sharp, short movements. The bloody fluid should be immediately removed, thus it turns out to be removed from about half the poison when the bite. You can continue to delete up to 15 minutes, then it is no longer necessary to suck the poison, the bulk will be displayed in the first a couple of minutes. Also, the procedure stops if the first signs of edema in humans appeared, this means that it is possible to neutralize the poison only serum.
Is it safe to sucking poison? If a person has no wound in his mouth, then the procedure will pass without a trace - the components of the guy poison are easily digested and derived from the body. But it is recommended to rinse the mouth, for which a weak solution of manganese is suitable.
Medical Help
With the bite of viper, you need to consult a doctor, usually there is a special serum in any polyclinic, which is called "Antigajuk". This tool neutralizes the snake poison, but it does not act instantly, usually passes several hours. All this time, it is necessary to observe peace and be under the supervision of specialists. In some cases, it may be necessary to introduce additional preparations to eliminate the symptoms that could be caused by poison. This situation is rare, but it is better to prevent it right away.
In addition to the introduction of serum, the following actions will be taken:
- The bite place is processed using a regular iodine.
- The sterile bandage protecting against infection is superimposed.
- For several days, the doctor's observation is required.
Usually after 5-6 days, all negative consequences are held, but only with a doctor's timely assistance. With quickly introduced serum, symptoms pass in just a couple of days, not leaving no trace.
If the guy will bite, the main thing is not to panic, timely help will relieve many problems. Complications include renal failure and other chronic diseases.
You can avoid bites, for this, planning to visit parks and other places where Vijuki dwells, you need to take care of the appropriate clothes. It is a dense high shoes, such as boots, woolen thick socks, not tightly tightening trousers made of tight fabric, which can be fed into boots. If it did not help, when bite, you need to immediately call the doctor, after which to go to the nearest clinic. The affected place should remain immobile, since any movement speeds up the spread of poison in the body. A good solution will fix the finiteness with sticks or ordinary handkerchief if they are at hand.
Unfortunately, it is possible to encounter violence not only in the forest, but even on our own summer cottage.
Despite the fact that Vijuk - poisonous, it is not aggressive and does not attack if he feels safe. But if you pursue it or accidentally come on the tail, then you can become a victim of a poisonous bitus bite.
Symptoms in the bite of viper:
For the bite of viper, the most vulnerable places are legs and hands. If the snake felt danger, then attacks instantly. And the bite of viper is always serious!
Immediately a bite man will feel a sharp pain, and the leaf of the bite remains on the skin - two red dots. However, the point may be alone if the snake is broken tooth or bite was a side.
Then the crimson or blue hemorrhage began to develop very quickly, and the bite swells. A little later begins nausea and vomiting, headache and violation of vision.
As soon as possible, deliver the victim from the bite of viper to the doctor! In the hospital, the victim intravenously administered anti-ray serum, and this is the only reliable means when snake bite. Note that with timely appeal to the doctor, death is very rare - less than 1%.
Until the medical care has arrived, put the victim side - in case of nausea and vomiting, heat and ensure peace and immobility.
If there is an opportunity, then disinfected the place of bite of hydrogen peroxide. In no case do not use alcohol-containing liquids or ether for disinfection - these drugs contribute to the suction of the poison, while remaining absolutely safe for bacteria that came from the cavity of the snake surface to the surface of the skin and inside.
First Aid for Snake Bite
Do not panic. Be calm, but do not slow down with. Contact others, and after ask you to take you into a medical center or to a specialist.
Try to move as little as possibleSo that the poison does not spread through the body. It is best to stay in a lying position.
You can also try suck the poison of mouth
But do it only if you are sure that you have no damage to the mucous membrane. The poison is dangerous only if it gets into the blood, but even the very tiny wounds are enough for this. Remember, it makes sense only immediately after the bite.
When sucking the poison from the wound, 20-50% of poison is removed. Trying to extract poison, squeeze the wall of the fabric, at the same time sucking it. Then the poison must be slipped.
Necessary clear organism A huge amount of liquid. Try to drink as much water as possible.
The first assistance in the bite of the snake should be carried out immediately, not a medal, otherwise the snake poison can spread throughout the body. In no case do not panic and do not hope for the nearest medpark. It is better to immediately help a person on their own, and then go to the hospital. Be careful to your health. And feel about the security of others with responsibility.
What is forbidden to do with the bite of viper?
Giving alcohol tea. You can only drink clean water, and the more, the better
Bite Vijuki is a rather dangerous phenomenon. Nevertheless, with timely discovery, properly provided with first aid and hospitalization, it is not fatal. It is worth noting that most often registered among young children.
Bite Vajuki: Symptoms. Wavyuki - non-aggressive creation and when meeting with a person try to escape, they are rarely attacked and only if they feel a threat. Therefore, when a meeting with this, the reptiles should not approach or make sharp movements - just let him go.
As a rule, after the bite on the body of the victim, two small point wounds remain. In this area, acute pain appears almost immediately and swelling begins to form - the poison begins to spread through the body. The closer the Lucky bite is located to the head, the more dangerous the condition of the patient.
The affected part of the body (in most cases it is a foot) should be immobilized. To do this, you must impose a bus. Do not put the harness — this does not affect the spread of poison, but worsens the bleeding in the affected limb, causing necrosis of tissues.
Before arriving at the hospital, you can take a tablet of some antihistamine, for example, "Tueva" or "Supratin". Further assistance can only have a doctor.
In any hospital there is a special serum against the poison of viper, which is injected with the patient. This is exactly the most effective treatment. With a strong pain syndrome, it is also shown in most cases a forecast for a person quite favorable - recovery occurs after 3 - 4 days.
Bite Vijuki: what can you not do? As already mentioned, the bite of viper is rarely fatal. But when improper care, the condition of the affected person may worsen. Oddly enough, but there are countless methods of popular treatment methods, the use of which can lead to complications and even a fatal outcome.
For example, it is the opinion that the toxin of the snake can be neutralized by alcohol. It is worth remembering that it is strictly forbidden to use alcoholic beverages in such a state. Under the influence of alcohol, the vessels are expanding, and this only accelerates the process of suction of poison. And the treatment of alcohol children can cause severe intoxication.
Do not also catch a injured place. First, it does not stop the spread of toxin in the body. Secondly, strong burn only increases the intensity of pain syndrome and can initiate an attack
It is also impossible to apply plant leaves of plants, earth or to process its saliva - this may cause infection.
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