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Intestinal infection is a large group of contagious diseases that damage the gastrointestinal tract.
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With water, food, dirty hands, viruses and bacteria get into the mouth. Then these microbes are transported to the stomach and intestines, where they begin to multiply actively and produce various toxins. These substances violate the permeability of cell membranes, interfere with the course of biochemical reactions, lead to an imbalance of important salts, minerals and loss of moisture.
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"Every third infection with intestinal infections occurred after eating vegetables or salads."
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Symptoms: After microbes enter the body, the disease begins: from 6-8 hours to several days with dysentery, salmonellosis, intestinal cleansing. Symptoms of poisoning are characteristic for the onset of the disease: a deterioration in general health, headaches, impaired appetite, an increase in body temperature to 38-39 ° C. after 12-18 hours from coccal infections (staphylococci, streptococci); Patients complain of nausea, vomiting, cramping abdominal pain, loose stools mixed with mucus, pus (with dysentery mixed with blood), thirst and chills may disturb. With repeated vomiting and frequent bowel movements, dehydration develops
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troubles begin with general lethargy, weakness, poor appetite, possibly a feeling of heaviness in the stomach, headaches, fatigue in the eyes. A little later, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pains, possibly high fever, chills occur. On average, from the moment the microbes enter the body, unpleasant symptoms appear within 6-48 hours.
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Prevention of diseases caused by intestinal infections: Maintain personal hygiene. Thoroughly cook foods such as meat, milk, chicken eggs, fish. Wash fruits and vegetables thoroughly before use. Drink only clean water - in doubtful cases, boil the water. Store food in clean containers at an appropriate temperature and consume it before the specified shelf life.
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What to do next: Invite a GP to the patient, who will determine further treatment. In severe cases, call an ambulance (tel. 03) to admit the patient to an infectious diseases hospital. In mild cases, the patient should visit an infectious disease specialist at the clinic.
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Disinfection or disinfection is a set of special measures aimed at destroying pathogens of infectious diseases in the external environment and interrupting the transmission of the infectious principle.
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the main danger of intestinal infections is the rapid dehydration of the body. vomiting and diarrhea are a kind of defense reaction, thus the body gets rid of foreign substances.
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Intestinal infection The presentation was made by the Teacher of the Municipal Educational Institution "Secondary School No. 15" Engels Myadel M.V.Slide 2
- oral cavity - approbation, wetting, detoxification, crushing of food, splitting of carbohydrates; - the esophagus - the movement of food into the stomach; - stomach - mechanical processing, food disinfection, protein breakdown and partial - fat; -12-duodenum - the breakdown of proteins, fats and carbohydrates under the action of pancreatic juice and bile; -small intestine - breakdown of proteins and carbohydrates, selective absorption of nutrients into the blood and lymph; - the large intestine - absorption of water, the formation of feces, digestion of fiber, synthesis of vitamins. Changes to which food undergoes in the organs of the digestive tract
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Gastrointestinal infections Food poisoning can be caused by various microorganisms, most often salmonella, botulism sticks, cholera vibrio, dysentery bacillus. salmonella bacillus botulism cholera vibrio dysentery bacillus
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Gastrointestinal Infections When bacteria enter the body, they secrete a poison that causes acute inflammation of the mucous membrane of the stomach, small intestine and colon. The disease begins quickly enough. Already 2-4 hours after eating, the first symptoms are observed: nausea, a feeling of weakness, later - profuse vomiting, diarrhea. Often there is an increase in temperature, headache. Children, elderly people and patients with gastrointestinal diseases are especially sensitive to food poisoning. Their poisoning is often more severe.
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Gastrointestinal infections The infection is transmitted through contaminated food - meat, fish, milk, salads, etc.
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Worm infestations Infection with worms occurs through the fecal-oral route through the mouth: - due to direct contact with the ground, sand; - through contaminated objects; - through food; - by means of insects (flies, cockroaches, ants); - through contacts with animals (dogs, cats). From person to person, infection can occur with pinworms in children's groups (kindergartens) through toys, as well as through bedding.
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Worms can create health problems and aggravate existing disorders, including the realization of unfavorable hereditary predispositions. The most common syndrome in helminthic invasion is gastrointestinal dysfunction: - unstable stool; -pain syndrome; flatulence; belching, nausea, fast satiety. One of the most common manifestations of helminthic invasion is allergy. Manifestations of intoxication with helminthiasis are: decreased appetite, disturbed sleep at night (anxiety, sounds during sleep, or frequent awakenings); grinding teeth; irritability, moodiness, aggressiveness; convulsions. Helminths weaken the immune system, as a result of which frequent respiratory diseases, pustular or fungal lesions of the skin and mucous membranes, and dental caries may occur.
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Gastrointestinal infections Food poisoning and helminthic infestations can be avoided by observing the rules of personal hygiene, the regimen and shelf life of food, and cooking technology.
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1. Washing hands with soap after latrines, contact with animals or the ground. 2. Treating toys with soapy water and cleaning the floor with detergents approximately once every 10-14 days. 3. Processing vegetables and fruits with soap before use; berries (strawberries, raspberries, etc.) are pre-poured with clean water, then it is drained and the fruits are washed with running water. 4. Heat treatment of food. Here are the conditions to help you avoid gastrointestinal infections!
OKI is a large group infectious
diseases of the gastrointestinal tract,
combined by availability
general syndrome - diarrhea. OKI is a collective concept,
uniting more than 30 nosological
forms. This includes intestinal infections
called:
viruses (enterovirus, rotavirus
infection)
bacteria (salmonellosis, dysentery,
cholera, escherichiosis)
bacterial toxins (staphylococcal) The causative agents of OCI are resistant to
external environment, may take a long time
persist on hands, dishes,
toys, household items, soil,
water contaminated with faeces.
Some are able to reproduce
in foods at low T. Die
when boiling, processing
disinfectants. Epidemiology.
The source of infection is the patient and the carrier.
Especially dangerous are patients with lungs worn out
and asymptomatic forms. In children
collectives, sources of infection are often
there are catering workers. Risk
OCI disease increases in summer, so
how in the warm season germs are easy
reproduce in the external environment. Especially
their contact with food is dangerous,
since the pathogens in them are not only
persist for a long time, but also multiply,
without changing either the appearance or
taste, no smell. Transmission mechanism:
fecal-oral
Transmission ways:
Contact and household
Alimentary
Susceptibility is high, especially in children
young age, premature, on
artificial feeding.
Type-specific immunity, unstable,
high possibility of re-illnesses Disease periods:
incubation - from several hours to 7
days
peak period
recovery period
Their duration depends on the clinic and severity.
diseases AEI is characterized by 2 groups of symptoms:
intoxication - various options for toxicosis, increased
T. In younger children, it is usually combined with exsicosis -
dehydration of the body due to vomiting and diarrhea.
dyspeptic syndromes:
- Gastritis - rare in isolation. Vomiting and
epigastric pain. More typical for food
toxic infections.
- Enteritis. Enteric stools frequent, thin, profuse,
splashing, with particles of undigested food, offensive,
acidic, irritates the skin, causing diaper rash even when
careful care. Elders have complaints of abdominal pain, children
at an early age, they "twist" with their legs, cry. The belly is swollen
(flatulence), rumbling along the bowels. In dynamics chair
loses fecal character, becomes watery with
some mucus and white lumps. Such a chair
can be with rotavirus and staphylococcal infection,
escherichiosis, salmonellosis. - Colitis. Stool scanty, may consist of greenish-brown
cloudy mucus mixed with pus, sometimes blood (rectal
spitting). The child often asks for a potty, but bowel movements
is not always the case. Such false painful desires
(tenesmus) is characteristic of dysentery. In children 1 year old
life, there are bouts of anxiety, the child "twists"
legs, pushes with redness of the face, but the chair is not
stands out. Compliance or gaping of the anus is noted.
The abdomen is usually pulled in. On palpation, rumbling in the right
the iliac region and along the colon. In the left
iliac region palpable spasmodic
painful sigmoid colon. This chair is typical for
dysentery, maybe with salmonellosis, escherichiosis,
staphylococcal infection.
- Enterocolitis. The sum of the symptoms of colitis and enteritis
- Gastroenteritis. Common in young children.
- Gastroenterocolitis. Occurs at any age. Mild form - there is no intoxication syndrome,
T low-grade or normal, stool 4-6 times a
day. In children of the first year of life, rare
regurgitation, body weight does not decrease.
Moderate form - symptoms from the first days
intoxication: T 38-39, decreased appetite, lethargy,
vomiting, often repeated, pallor, marbling
skin, acrocyanosis. In children of the first year, flat
weight curve Chair 8-10 times a day
Severe form - hyperthermia (39 and higher),
repeated vomiting, stool 10-15 times or more,
hemocolitis. The stool loses its fecal character -
"Rectal spitting" or profuse watery without
feces. Toxicosis develops, toxicosis with
exicosis, neurotoxicosis, disseminated intravascular coagulation with
disorders of the central nervous system, CVS, water electrolyte metabolism, acid base balance, hemostasis Laboratory diagnostics.
Scatology. With colitis, mucus
leukocytes, erythrocytes. With enteritis, undigested food components.
Bacteriological research. Taken
stool culture (lumps of mucus and pus, but not
blood), vomit, washings
stomach, food. Sowing
carried out before the appointment of antimicrobial
drugs. Preliminary answer - h / z 48
hours, final - h / w 3 days. Treatment complex:
adequate care
health food
etiotropic therapy
pathogenetic and
symptomatic therapy Care
adequate hygiene conditions (good
aeration, optimal T air in the room)
bed rest on the 1st days of illness
individual care (preferably maternal) Health food
Feeding on appetite. In mild form - age-related diet with
a decrease in the daily volume by 15-20%, for children over a year old - food with
mechanical sparing (table 4 rubbed) and additionally
fermented milk mixtures 2 times a day. With a decrease in appetite, feed
as often as possible. The normal amount of food is restored in 3-4 days.
For moderate and severe - a decrease in volume by 30-50% and
increasing the frequency of feedings up to 5-8 times a day with recovery
volume for 5-7 days. Optimally, breast milk. The rest are adapted to the usual or fermented milk mixtures. As
complementary foods - 5-10% rice and buckwheat porridge in water and puree soup. Puree from
sweet baked apples. It is not recommended to enter new ones in the menu.
food that the child has not received before.
Children over a year old - mashed food (boiled rice, soups, puree from
vegetables) with limited fat. From 3-4 days - well-cooked steam
fish or meat (table 4, mashed). For 2-3 weeks, exclude foods
enhancing intestinal motility and fermentation (whole milk,
rye bread, raw vegetables, peas, beans, beets, cucumbers, white cabbage
cabbage, grapes, sour fruits and berries).
smoked meats, fried, hot seasonings and spices. Etiotropic therapy:
antibiotics and chemotherapy.
The duration of the course is 5-7 days. At
ineffectiveness within 3 days - drug change.
Specific bacteriophages These are viruses
pathogenic microbes. Highly selective. There is
dysentery, salmonella, staphylococcal,
coliprotein, klebsiella and combined
bacteriophage. Prescribed per os and rectally in 1-2
hours before meals for 5-7 days. Cannot be combined with
biological products. Do not prescribe during the period of severe
intoxication. Enterosorbents. In children, especially 1 year old, it is better
smecta. Possibly with an antibiotic. Assign with
1 hour. The course is 5-7 days. Can't be shared with others
drugs - a break of at least 2 hours. Better to give in
compote, jelly, water. Use is possible
enterodesis, enterosgel, polyphepan, cholestyramine,
activated carbon, etc. These drugs
neutralize and remove bacteria from the intestines,
viruses, undigested sugars, strengthen the barrier
properties of the intestinal wall, normalize motility,
reduce the loss of water and electrolytes.
Pathogenetic and symptomatic therapy
Oral rehydration Antidiarrheal drugs. You can use Ca preparations,
bismuth, binders (tannakp), etc. Do not use
loperamide (imodium), as it reduces motor skills
intestines and creates the danger of dynamic obstruction
to-ka.
Immunotherapy. Used for children BWD, from children's homes, from
neurological departments, with a protracted course,
prolonged bacterial excretion. Apply:
Nonspecific remedies: pentoxil,
methyluracil, sodium nucleinate, prodigiosan, lysozyme,
yeast extract "Favorite"
Specific immunomodulators:
a) immunoglobulins for enteral administration - complex
immunoglobulin preparations of instrumentation (a full set of IGs and
high titer of specific antibodies against Escherichia, Shigella,
salmonella, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, rotavirus), kipferon,
anti-rotavirus IHB)
B) directional lactoglobulins prepared from
colostrum of cows immunized with different AGs
(Escherichiosis, Shigellosis, Salmonella,
Klebsiella, Protein, Rotavirus). ... Enzyme therapy is aimed at correcting secondary disorders
digestion against the background of OCI (disorders of digestion and absorption).
Begins during the transfer to physiological nutrition at the stage of repair
during or immediately after a meal for 2-4 weeks under the control of a coprogram.
A) With a predominant violation of fat digestion (neutral
fat in coprogram) pancreatic enzymes are used
(pancreatin, creon, pancitrate, prolipase, ultraza, etc.).
b) In case of violation of the digestion of plant fiber, starch,
muscle fibers are used multicomponent preparations (festal,
panzinorm).
C) with a decrease in gastric secretion and persistent anorexia - abomin,
pepsin.
Antiallergic drugs for various allergic manifestations
Correction of dysbiosis under the control of laboratory examination,
which is shown by BWD, receiving many antibiotics, and long-term
persistence of dyspeptic disorders (unstable stool, decreased
appetite and weight, abdominal pain, flatulence). In the presence of
decompensated DB of 2-3 degrees, correction is carried out. For her
use: A) eubiotics - preparations containing live, specially processed
representatives of normal intestinal microflora, which should
take root in the intestines. These include monopreparations containing:
- bifidobacteria (bifidumbacterin, biovestin)
- lactobacilli (lactobacterin, acylact, linex)
- combined preparations containing, in addition to living microorganisms
various additives in the form of sorbents (bifidum-forte, probifor), vitamins
(nutralin-B), immunoprotectorolv (acipol, bifacid, bifilis, kipacid),
active additives necessary for the vital activity of microbes in the form
vitamins, trace elements, amino acids, growth factors (euflorin B, euflorin
L, bifiform).
- probiotics - preparations containing metabolites of microorganisms
(disaccharides, organic acids) and other stimulants of flora reproduction
(para-aminobenzoic acid - pamba, amben; hilak-forte, frodo)
- prebiotics - natural oligosaccharides and synthetic disaccharides
(lactulose - duphalac drug), inulin. They do not split in thin k-ke, but in
colon serve as a substrate for the growth of normal microflora,
stimulate mucin secretion, immunoprotective effect, normalize
motor skills to-ka. There are a lot of oligosaccharides in breast milk, onions, garlic, oats,
Jerusalem artichoke. Adapted mixtures enriched with them appeared (Lemolak,
Omneo, etc.).
Prescribed during the period of reparation against the background of an adequate diet and enzymes for 30-40
minutes before meals, no more than 2-3 weeks Antiemetic therapy. Children entering the 1st 2 days are required
rinse the stomach with 2% sodium bicarbonate solution or pure boiled water
room temperature to clean wash water (especially with food
toxicoinfections), after which, within 1-2 hours, start oral rehydration.
With infrequent but persistent vomiting (central genesis) - antiemetic
(cerucal, motilium, pipolfen, 0.25% novocaine, debridate).
Antipyretic - at T above 38.5C, children at risk for
the occurrence of seizures (encephalopathy, episyndrome, febrile seizures in
anamnesis). Physical methods of cooling first, then antipyretic
(paracetamol, calpol, Tylenol, nurofen).
Pain relievers only after excluding surgical pathology.
Antispasmodics (no-shpa, buscopan, papaverine, alginatol suppositories), in the period
convalescence - dicetel.
Vitamin therapy - in the period of convalescence for recovery
permeability of cell membranes, increasing their biopotential,
stimulation of normal microflora (unicap, centrum, supradin, polivit,
alvitil, etc.) 10-14 days
Physiotherapy - with prolonged bacterial excretion outside the island. period - e / f
humisol on the stomach 10 times. Prevention
allocate for the patient a separate dish, towel, care items that
disinfect after use
fill in the disinfectant. patient's isolation solution
carry out wet cleaning of the room and toilet with dez. means 2-3 times a day
observe personal hygiene: wash your hands with soap and water as often as possible, soaping them
2-3 times, especially after using the toilet and before cooking and eating.
Change towels, underwear daily.
do not use water for domestic purposes from unauthorized
water sources and do not swim in them. Clear and pleasant tasting water from
spring can be dangerous. Ebge has 35 sources of unauthorized
water supply, in 2004 35% of samples were unsatisfactory in terms of
sanitary and chemical indicators and 45% - for microbiological.
be sure to boil drinking water, including from the mains and bottled
use only good-quality water for drinking, washing hands and dishes
use only good quality food
do not purchase food products, especially dairy products in unauthorized
places of trade, spontaneous markets, from hands, trays
all types of livestock products must be subject to veterinary
expertise store perishable food in the refrigerator, observing the expiration date
keep ready-to-eat foods separate from raw foods
it is imperative to heat treatment of dairy products (cottage cheese, milk,
cream)
choose fruits for the child without damage, berries - not crumpled. Houses
thoroughly wash the fruits with running water, pour over with boiling water, from apples, pears,
peaches, remove the skin.
protect food from flies. Garbage cans and bins should
closed with lids and emptied systematically. In the summer on the windows
it is necessary to stretch the net, and use sticky paper to kill flies,
disinsectants.
observe the rules of personal hygiene in places of public catering and
concentration of people
use baby food only in sterile packaging
keep yard latrines closed, clean and decontaminate in a timely manner
at least once every 5 days
inform the population about the ways of infection
in case of a child's illness (nausea, vomiting, loose stools, T), immediately call
doctor and do not give yourself an antibiotic
when traveling on vacation with children, take with you rehydron, paracetamol,
enterosorbent, suprastin
It is planned to develop a multicomponent enteral vaccine against
OKI .. DYSENTERY
The causative agent is shigella.
The source of the infection is the patient
With feces, the patient excretes a large
the number of bacteria. If you do not comply with them
hygiene germs from his dirty hands can
get on the surrounding objects, food, water.
More often older children get sick, becoming infected
through unwashed hands, food in a street kiosk,
swimming in reservoirs. Children of the 1st year are sick
less often, since they have nowhere to get infected.
Classification
Type ofForms
gravity
Flow
Typical
Atypical:
hypertoxic
dyspeptic
Easy
Medium
Heavy
Abortive
Spicy
Subacute
Protracted
Chronic Clinic.
Sharp start
Intoxication, fever 1-3 days, with severe course
possible neurotoxicosis.
Abdominal pain (usually the left iliac region)
Very frequent (10-20 or more times a day) colitis with
an abundance of mucus, sometimes an admixture of blood and pus).
The only OCI that can be diagnosed before
sowing for hemocolitis syndrome. But others can give it too.
disease.
Tenesmus or their equivalents (crying when urging,
redness of the facial skin)
Anus gaping
Spasmodic sigma
In the coprogram leukocytes, mucus, erythrocytes
Sowing shigella SALMONELLESIS
Epidemiology
Sources of infection
animals (cattle, pigs, rodents,
poultry, etc.)
a sick person and a bacteria-releasing person
Infection routes:
alimentary (through meat, dairy products)
fecal-oral - for young children,
especially 1 year of life.
nosocomial infection. Perhaps with
medical procedures (endoscopy),
by contact. Almost always in 1 year old children
life, call only S. Typhimurium.
Classification
Type ofForms
gravity
Flow
Localized forms:
Gastrointestinal
Carrier bacteria
Generalized forms:
Septic
Typhoid
Easy
Medium
Heavy
Spicy
Protracted
Chronic
Flu-like Clinic
sharp start
intoxication, fever 5-7 days; in hospital
infection with prolonged fever of the wrong type.
In mild cases, T may not be present.
vomiting usually precedes diarrhea
enterocolitis syndrome - liquid watery stool,
greenish-brown in the form of swamp mud or
frog eggs, sometimes streaked with blood, maybe
frothy with an unpleasant odor, not too frequent, but
abundant
with hospital infection prevails
gastrointestinal form, gradual onset, more
frequent involvement of not only the small, but also the large intestine,
frequent presence of blood in feces.
In severe forms, neurotoxicosis is possible, toxicosis with
exicosis, septic syndrome
Often leaks in an erased form
In the coprogram, mucus, leukocytes
Sowing salmonella from feces, blood, urine Escherichiosis (COLLI-INFECTION)
sharp start
intoxication, long-term undulating
fever 1-2 weeks
enterocolitis syndrome - abundant frequent
loose watery stools without tenesmus, with
with an admixture of greenery or yellow-orange.
Sometimes streaks of blood.
sowing enteropathogenic Escherichia coli
coprogram is not changed, or mucus,
single leukocytes STAPHYLOCOCCAL INFECTION
It can be in the form:
food poisoning - acute onset through
several hours after infection, abdominal pain,
repeated vomiting, loose, frequent stools.
In severe cases, an increase in T to high numbers,
intoxication, convulsions.
Recovery h / w 5-7 days.
Staphylococcal enterocolitis - in early children
age with the use of an infected
milk.
More often a mild or moderate form.
Slight increase in T, frequent watery liquid
stool with mucus. Sometimes streaks of blood.
Complications are characteristic: otitis media, pneumonia.
Vomiting is rare. ROTAVIRAL INFECTION
More often in the spring.
Contamination through dirty hands, vegetables, fruits,
food without packaging, unboiled water
An increase in T to 39, urge to vomit, diarrhea. Chair
watery with a yellow tinge up to 20 times
day. There may be a skin rash. Maybe
preceded by a runny nose and other symptoms
ARVI.
Prevention:
Personal hygiene
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AII is characterized by 2 groups of symptoms: AII is characterized by 2 groups of symptoms: intoxication - various variants of toxicosis, increased T. In younger children, it is usually combined with exicosis - dehydration due to vomiting and diarrhea. dyspeptic syndromes: - Gastritis - rarely occurs in isolation. Vomiting and epigastric pain. More typical for foodborne toxicoinfection. - Enteritis. Enteric stools frequent, thin, copious, splashing, with particles of undigested food, offensive, sour, irritating to the skin, causing diaper rash even with careful care. Elders have complaints of abdominal pain, young children "twist" with their legs, cry. The abdomen is distended (flatulence), rumbling along the intestines. In dynamics, the stool loses its fecal character, becomes watery with a small amount of mucus and white lumps. Such a chair can be with rotavirus and staphylococcal infections, escherichiosis, salmonellosis.
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Colitis. The stool is scanty, it can consist of greenish-brown cloudy mucus mixed with pus, sometimes blood (rectal spitting). The child often asks for a potty, but defecation is not always the case. Such false painful urges (tenesmus) are characteristic of dysentery. Children of the 1st year of life have bouts of anxiety, the child "twists" his legs, pushes with reddening of the face, but the chair does not stand out. Compliance or gaping of the anus is noted. The abdomen is usually pulled in. On palpation, rumbling in the right iliac region and along the colon. In the left iliac region, a spasmodic painful sigmoid colon is palpable. Such a stool is typical for dysentery, it can be with salmonellosis, escherichiosis, staphylococcal infection. - Colitis. The stool is scanty, it can consist of greenish-brown cloudy mucus mixed with pus, sometimes blood (rectal spitting). The child often asks for a potty, but defecation is not always the case. Such false painful urges (tenesmus) are characteristic of dysentery. Children of the 1st year of life have bouts of anxiety, the child "twists" his legs, pushes with reddening of the face, but the chair does not stand out. Compliance or gaping of the anus is noted. The abdomen is usually pulled in. On palpation, rumbling in the right iliac region and along the colon. In the left iliac region, a spasmodic painful sigmoid colon is palpable. Such a stool is typical for dysentery, it can be with salmonellosis, escherichiosis, staphylococcal infection. - Enterocolitis. The sum of the symptoms of colitis and enteritis - Gastroenteritis. Common in young children. - Gastroenterocolitis. Occurs at any age.
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Antidiarrheal drugs. It is possible to use preparations of Ca, bismuth, astringents (tannakp), etc. Do not use loperamide (imodium), as it reduces intestinal motility and creates the danger of dynamic obstruction of the ka. Antidiarrheal drugs. It is possible to use preparations of Ca, bismuth, astringents (tannakp), etc. Do not use loperamide (imodium), as it reduces intestinal motility and creates the danger of dynamic obstruction of the ka. Immunotherapy. Used for children with CHBD, from children's homes, from neurological departments, with a prolonged course, prolonged bacterial excretion. Applied: Nonspecific protective agents: pentoxil, methyluracil, sodium nucleinate, prodigiosan, lysozyme, Favorit yeast extract Specific immunomodulators: a) immunoglobulins for enteral administration - complex immunoglobulin preparations of instrumentation (a full set of IGs and a high titer of specific antibodies, against shigosherikh, salmonella, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, rotavirus), kipferon, anti-rotavirus IHB) B) lactoglobulins of targeted action prepared from colostrum of cows immunized with different AGs (Escherichiosis, Shigellosis, Salmonella, Klebsiella, Protein, rotavirus). ...
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Clinic. Clinic. Acute onset Intoxication, fever 1-3 days, in severe cases, neurotoxicosis is possible. Pain in the abdomen (usually the left iliac region) Very frequent (10-20 or more times a day) colitis stools with an abundance of mucus, sometimes an admixture of blood and pus). The only OCI that can be diagnosed prior to culture for hemocolitis syndrome. But other diseases can also give it. Tenesmus or their equivalents (crying when urging, facial redness) Anus gaping Spasmodic sigma In the coprogram leukocytes, mucus, erythrocytes Shigella seeding
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Clinic Clinic acute onset intoxication, fever 5-7 days; with hospital infection, prolonged fever of the wrong type. In mild cases, T may not be present. usually diarrhea is preceded by vomiting enterocolitis syndrome - liquid, watery, greenish-brown stools in the form of marsh mud or frog eggs, sometimes streaked with blood, may be frothy with an unpleasant odor, not too frequent, but abundant in case of hospital infection, gastrointestinal form prevails, gradual onset , more frequent involvement of not only the small, but also the large intestine, the frequent presence of blood in the feces. In severe forms, neurotoxicosis, toxicosis with exicosis, septic syndrome is possible.Frequently proceeds in an erased form In the coprogram, mucus, leukocytes Seeding Salmonella from feces, blood, urine
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Slide presentation
Slide text: Intestinal infections
Slide text: Intestinal infection is a large group of contagious diseases that damage the gastrointestinal tract.
Slide text:. With water, food, dirty hands, viruses and bacteria get into the mouth. Then these microbes are transported to the stomach and intestines, where they begin to multiply actively and produce various toxins. These substances violate the permeability of cell membranes, interfere with the course of biochemical reactions, lead to an imbalance of important salts, minerals and loss of moisture.
Slide text: "Every third infection with intestinal infections occurred after eating vegetables or salads."
Slide text: Symptoms: After microbes enter the body, the disease begins: from 6-8 hours to several days with dysentery, salmonellosis, intestinal cleansing. Symptoms of poisoning are characteristic for the onset of the disease: a deterioration in general health, headaches, impaired appetite, an increase in body temperature to 38-39 ° C. after 12-18 hours from coccal infections (staphylococci, streptococci); Patients complain of nausea, vomiting, cramping abdominal pain, loose stools mixed with mucus, pus (with dysentery mixed with blood), thirst and chills may disturb. With repeated vomiting and frequent bowel movements, dehydration develops
Slide text: troubles begin with general lethargy, weakness, poor appetite, possibly a feeling of heaviness in the stomach, headaches, tired eyes. A little later, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pains, possibly high fever, chills occur. On average, from the moment the microbes enter the body, unpleasant symptoms appear within 6-48 hours.
Slide text: Prevention of diseases caused by intestinal infections: Maintain personal hygiene. Thoroughly cook foods such as meat, milk, chicken eggs, fish. Wash fruits and vegetables thoroughly before use. Drink only clean water - in doubtful cases, boil the water. Store food in clean containers at an appropriate temperature and consume it before the specified shelf life.
Slide text: Next steps: Invite a GP to the patient, who will determine further treatment. In severe cases, call an ambulance (tel. 03) to admit the patient to an infectious diseases hospital. In mild cases, the patient should visit an infectious disease specialist at the clinic.
Slide text: Disinfection or disinfection is a set of special measures aimed at destroying pathogens of infectious diseases in the external environment and interrupting the transmission of the infectious principle.
Slide number 10
Slide text: The main danger of intestinal infections is the rapid dehydration of the body. vomiting and diarrhea are a kind of defense reaction, thus the body gets rid of foreign substances.
Slide number 11
Slide text: To replenish ion stores and restore water balance, you must drink boiled water containing various salts. These mixtures can be purchased at the pharmacy. These are "Oralit", "Citroglucosolan", "Regidron", "Begidron". Such solutions must be taken in several sips, with an interval of 10-15 minutes. In general, drinking plenty of fluids (frequent, but in small portions) is the key to a successful recovery. Tea, dried fruit compote, herbal tea are suitable.
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