From natural phenomena, which bear the danger of person and the surrounding nature, hurricanes are relatively small in size, but have a big destructive force.
Tropical cyclones, emerging in the open ocean, gaining strength, develop into strongest hurricanes. Their force is measured on a five-point scale. These are the strongest hurricanes in the world we will consider in our review.
Galveston
At the junction of the centuries, in September 1900, the largest hurricane fell on the American city of Galveston, the victims of which were 6 thousand people.
It has been over 100 years old, and the memories of one of the strongest hurricanes in the history of the United States are still being concerned with the consequences of destruction.
The birth of the cyclone managed to notice on August 5, 1969 off the coast of Africa, and on the night of August 17, the strongest natural element had already collapsed on the coastal territories of the United States and Mexico.
Camilla was assigned a 5th level of danger, since the speed of vortex flows when approaching the territory of the United States reached 180 kilometers per hour. Hurricane brought big destruction in the mouth of Mississippi, 256 people are considered missing.
For a powerful hurricane, a flood was followed, the life of 113 inhabitants of Virginia.
Typhoon Nika
In the southeastern region of the planet Typhoon, a frequent phenomenon, but Typhoon "Nika" fell into China in 1975 became the most powerful and destructive.
The strength of the wind was so powerful that Bankiao broke through a large dam, as well as dozens of small dams, which led to the strongest flood.
During the hospital, the elements in China, according to different estimates, died from 100 to 230 thousand people.
Observing in the Atlantic Ocean, Andrew gained strength and swirl in the Bahamas, the southern part of Florida and touched Louisiana.
Residents managed to warn on time, but the hurricane became one of the most destructive. Despite the successful evacuation, the victims could not be avoided. 26 people died, and 39 then died from injuries.
US authorities appreciated the damage from Andrew at $ 26.5 billion.
October 1998 remained in the memory of the inhabitants of the Atlantic and Central America in connection with the sweating hurricane, the speed of which reached 320 kilometers per hour.
The terrible hurricane in the history of the life of more than 20 thousand inhabitants of the three Central American states. Powerful selevo-mud streams demolished whole villages, fascinating machines and architectural structures behind them.
The element gave rise to a powerful tsunami with a wave height of 6 meters, which tangible on the coast, caused powerful flood. During the element, eyewitnesses were observed and the formed tornadoes who carried no less danger.
Thanks to favorable conditions, a tropical cyclone, originated on August 30, 2017 off the coast of Africa, in just a few days a survey in a hurricane of the 5th category.
Hurricane Irma is the longest in the entire history of observations. It should be noted that September was unique, since the three powerful cyclones were raging in the Atlantic.
Despite the timely evacuation, it was not possible to avoid human victims, and the amount of destruction amounted to more than $ 60 billion. Today, Irma is the most powerful hurricane not only in the history of the United States, but also the entire Western hemisphere.
A large tragedy caused by a tropical cyclone, occurred in 1997 and became the most terrible in the history of Mexico on the power of destruction and damage.
Obtained in the open ocean, the hurricane first moved to the east, but then sharply turned to the north-west and with a huge speed greater than sometimes 200 kilometers per hour, swept along the coast of Mexico. He provoked heavy rains, which was the cause of flooding and powerful landslides.
After "Pauline" subsided, the number of victims was 500 people, and without a roof over his head, approximately 300 thousand Mexicans were left.
The maximum speed of the hurricane, which originated in the northeastern part of the Pacific Ocean, reached 270 km per hour, because of which he was assigned the 5th category.
The wind and tornadow of a big devastating force covered two states of Mexico and destroyed or partially damaged tens of thousands of buildings. Unfortunately, 4 thousand inhabitants of Mexico died, and the city of San Blas was practically destroyed.
According to eyewitnesses, the elements and rescuers terribly observed the consequences of a disaster that brought with him Kenna.
San Caliksto
The most powerful tropical cyclone in the history of mankind swept over the islands of the Caribbean archipelago in the fall of 1780. The most terrible hurricane, as historical records testify, passed 22 thousand people.
Having come across the Canadian Newfoundland to the island of Barbados, San Callee destroyed 95% of residential and economic buildings, administrative cultural structures. Using modern technology, scientists suggested that wind speed in those days amounted to about 330 kilometers per hour.
Cyclone Bhola.
The most destructive hurricanes become the result of the collision of air flows of different temperatures, and originate in various parts of the Earth. But the strongest hurricane today originated in the Pacific region.
Cyclone became the consequence of a tropical storm, but the most sad, record-in-one in the number of human victims of the natural element, swept at a speed of 320 kilometers per hour on November 12, 1970 in the territories of Pakistan and some states of India.
Huge waves that have collapsed coastal zone were washed off entire villages. The number of people who died as a result of a disaster amounted to more than 400 thousand, and damage from destruction and damage to agricultural land amounted to 86 billion dollars.
Today, the weather observations with space satellites and the modern means of alert help to prevent the impending element and prevent numerous sacrifices. But this sometimes does not help, since the suddenness of hurricanes and their huge speed of spreading is sometimes causing the inhabitants of the planet by surprise.
The name "Hurricane" occurred from the English word "Hurricane", which is used to indicate strong cyclones. Hurricanes are oceanic waters, as a rule, off the coast of Northern and South America. A close relative of Hurricane accounts for Typhoon, which originates in Asia and the Far East.
And hurricanes and typhoons are characterized by small sizes, but at the same time truly destructive power. The speed of wind movement inside the helix can reach several hundred kilometers, and tidal waves that raises the hurricane, can often be compared with a high-rise house.
I present you the 5 most powerful hurricanes in the entire history of mankind, each of which is awarded the fifth, the highest category on the scale of Saffira Simpson.
Typhoon Bhola.
On the night of November 13, 1970 on the coastal areas of Eastern Pakistan (now the People's Republic of Bangladesh), the incredible values \u200b\u200bof Typhoon fell. Hurricane wind, whose speed reached 240 km / h, raised a powerful wave from the ocean to 8 meters high. The giant wall of the water went over the chain of the densely populated islands and Delta Ganges, bringing the bridges, destroying the highway and washing from the face of the Earth whole villages along with the inhabitants. The number of victims by different estimates ranges from 500 thousand to a million people. In total, over 10 million people suffered from the swirling element.Hurricane Katrina
The name of Catherine is well familiar to most of the Americans. The most destructive hurricane in the history of the United States originated on August 23, 2005 in the Bahamas area. Lightningly gaining power, Catherine at a speed of 280 km / h flashed over the coast of Florida and then turned towards the Mexican Gulf. Measures to evacuate the districts of the victim of the hurricane were taken too late. As a result, about two thousand people died due to the fault of the authorities, and half a million lost the roof over her head. The city of New Orleans, whose most lies below the sea level, almost completely under water.Hurricane Mitch
Hurricane, who received the name of Mitch, is one of the most powerful typhoons that have passed over the Atlantic pool. His wind speed at the maximum reached 285 km / h. It was formed in the Caribbean October 22, 1998. All the power of the hurricane fell into the territory of Honduras, Nicaragua. Then, thoroughly lost in force, Typhoon went to Guatemala and Salvador. The victims of the hurricane were about 11 thousand people, about the same amount disappeared. Almost 3 million people left without bed.Great Hurricane San Callisto
Tropical cyclone's most powerful in history, brought with a stubborn autumn of 1780 in the area of \u200b\u200bthe Caribbean archipelago. According to the archives, the hurricane burned 22 thousand lives, but it can be safely argued that the number of victims who did not fall into the chronicles were several times more. San Callisto raned from Newfoundland Island to Barbados, swept over Haiti, playing dyed into the ocean 95% of all buildings. Eyewitnesses argued that the wind, the speed of which reached up to 350 km / h, broke the bark from the trunks of the trees before writing them. A wave of 7-8 meters in the height raised by Hurricane, tried the work of San Callisto, destroying everything else that Typhoon spared.
The storm, rising in the sea, flooded many vessels both in ports and disposable from the coast. The storm broke into sins of the English and French fleets who took an active part in the Civil War, which at that time was carried out in the United States.
SuperTayfun Yolanda (Hayan)
On November 8, 2013, SuperTayfun, carrying the wind with a speed of 315 km / h (individual gusts up to 379 km / h), raised the waves with a height of up to 5 meters, which collapsed to the Philippines. The hurricane came from the east coast of the Island of Samar and began the bearing of death and the destruction of the campaign through the central part of the country. It is known more than 8,000 dead and missing. According to the UN, more than 11 million people suffered from Typhoon, mostly residents of the Philippines and Vietnam.
Tass dossier. On September 6-7, 2017, Hurricane "Irma", which reached the maximum fifth category of capacity, passed over the states and territories of the Caribbean, causing severe destruction.
The element destroyed more than 90% of the buildings on Saint-Martin Island (France's Overseas Community) and on the island of Barbuda (Antigua and Barbuda State). According to the premiere of this island country Gaston Brown, the damage was $ 150 million, or 10% of the country's annual GDP. According to the UN estimates, only 37 million residents of the Caribbean may suffer from the consequences of the hurricane. According to the National Hurricane Observation Center, Irma is one of the strongest hurricanes for all the time of meteorological studies.
The maximum wind speed during the passage of the hurricane - more than 295 km / h (at gunpings - up to 380 km / h). Currently, Irma is moving towards the Atlantic coast of the United States.
The editorial office of the TASS dossier has prepared material about the most powerful hurricanes over North Atlantic since 1980.
The emergence and classification of hurricanes
The hurricane season in the Atlantic usually lasts from June 1 to November 30. At this time, the strongest cyclones are formed above the ocean surface - air masses in the form of a huge atmospheric vortex against reduced pressure in the center. They are accompanied by thunderstorms, storm sediments and strong wind. Low intensity cyclones are called tropical depression. When the wind speed exceeds 63 km / h, the cyclone becomes a tropical storm, 118 km / h - hurricane.
Since the early 1950s, the World Meteorological Organization assigns the names of their own tropical storms and hurricanes. By tradition, hurricanes are called English, Spanish and French names. Until 1979, they were only female, then it was decided to alternate them with men. Names are repeated every six years, with the exception of those who were assigned to the most destructive and deadly hurricanes.
Potential damage from hurricanes is measured on the Saffira scale - Simpson. It includes five categories: the first denotes the minimum damage, and the fifth - catastrophic.
Statistics
Observation of hurricanes over North Atlantic is conducted since 1851. On average, the season occurs 18-19 storms and hurricanes, but in some years their number exceeded 20.
The first hurricane of the fifth category of power (wind speed exceeds 252 km / h) was recorded in 1924. According to scientists, probably, before that, so strong hurricanes passed above the surface of the ocean, bypassing the island and coast, so the data about them was not registered.
Hurricanes of the fifth category of power - a rare phenomenon. According to the National Ocean Research and Atmosphere and the Atmosphere, since 1924, only 35 hurricanes (including Irma) have reached such strength. This is about 4% of all Atlantic hurricanes. Most of them were fixed in the period from August to September (the peak of the season of this natural phenomenon).
The most powerful hurricanes of the fifth category since 1980
The most powerful in the history of observations is the Hurricane "Allen", which passed over the Atlantic July 31 - August 11, 1980. The maximum wind speed reached 305 km / h. The islands of the Caribbean, the North and Eastern part of Mexico and the southern part of Texas were injured from the elements. The victims of "Allen" were 269 people, material damage was $ 1.3 billion.
September 12-19, 1988 Hurricane "Gilbert" swept over the Caribbean Sea and fell on the coast of Mexico (the maximum wind speed is 295 km / h). He saved more than 300 people, mainly in Mexico, destroyed the buildings and almost the entire harvest on the affected territories. According to approximate estimates, the cumulative economic damage exceeded $ 7 billion.
August 23-28, 1992 Hurricane "Andrew" (maximum speed - 280 km / h) passed over the Bahamas and over the states of Florida and Louisiana. At the bugs, four people became victims of "Andrew", economic damage was $ 250 million. However, the greatest losses from the elements suffered the southern part of the United States, where more than 60 people were killed, and the restoration cost $ 26 billion.
October 26 - November 9, 1998 A hurricane Mitch, held over Honduras, Nicaragua, Guatemala, Salvador, as well as the American state of Florida, took over Central America. The maximum stable wind force was 285 km / h (at gunpings - up to 320 km / h). The number of victims is definitely not established. According to approximate data, their number exceeds 20 thousand people (11 thousand dead and about the same amount of missing). In terms of the number of victims and the scale of the Destroyment "MITCH" is inferior only to the great hurricane "San Kalkesto II", which fell into the Caribbean in 1780, when more than 27 thousand people died. As a result of Hurricane "MITCH", 2.7 million people were left without bed (most of them are residents of Honduras and Nicaragua), economic damage amounted to more than $ 6 billion.
September 6, 2003 Over the Atlantic was formed by the Storm "Isabel", which then converted into a hurricane and reached the fifth power category (the maximum wind speed is 270 km / h). He fell into the island of the Caribbean and reached the southern states of the United States. The victims of the hurricane were 17 people, more than 30 people were killed as a result of the flood caused by him. The restoration of the destroyed districts it took $ 3.6 billion.
September 2-24, 2004 Over the Caribbean Sea, the Mexican Bay and the Atlantic Coast of the United States, Hurricane Ivan (maximum speed - 270 km / h). During his passage, he called the largest number of tornado than all other hurricanes in the history of observations - more than 100. Most of the elements were injured by Grenada, Jamaica, Cayman Islands, Cuba, as well as the American States of Florida and Alabama. The total number of dead - more than 90 people, material damage amounted to $ 23 billion.
August 25-29, 2005 A hurricane "Katrina" hit the Mexican Bay and the South Coast of the United States - one of the most devastating in the United States (the maximum wind speed is 280 km / h). Florida, Alabama, Louisiana and Mississippi were injured from the elements. The greatest damage was caused to a new orleranch, about 80% of the city's area turned out to be under water. As a result of a natural disaster, 1 thousand 836 people died. Material damage from hurricane exceeded $ 108 billion.
September 18-26, 2005 Over the Mexican Bay and the United States, a hurricane "Rita" was held (maximum steady speed - 285 km / h). The main blow came along the border between the states of Texas and Louisiana, the city of Beaumont and Port Arthur were strongly injured. About 100 thousand inhabitants were evacuated. According to various sources, the number of hurricane victims range from 100 to 120 people. Economic damage was $ 12 billion.
October 18-27, 2005 Over the Islands of the Caribbean Sea, the Mexican Bay, the Hurricane Wilma (maximum wind speed - 295 km / h) took over the Isles of the Caribbean, the Mexican Bay, Peninsula Yucatan and the Southern Piece of the United States. Cuba, Mexico and Florida are the greatest destruction. A total of "Wilma" claimed almost 90 people. Economic damage from the elements exceeded $ 20 billion.
August 13-27, 2007 Over the islands of the Caribbean, the countries of Central America, Mexico and the United States swept a hurricane "DIN" (maximum speed - 280 km / h). About 40 people became his victims, and material losses amounted to $ 1.6 billion.
In August 2017, a terrible hurricane "Harvey" fell with terrible force on the United States, leaving the many residents of the states of Texas and Louisiana. About 30 people were missing, and the number of victims reached 44 people, because of which the morgue in the city of Houston was simply crowded. Harvey called the most powerful hurricane in the United States of the last 12 years, he brought with him the wind, whose speed reached 210 kilometers per hour. Following "" The states were under threat of an attack of a new hurricane: "Irma" formed at the end of August already out of five and keeps the road to the Caribbean. Fortunately, the sushi has not suffered from the devastating wind.
Sputnik decided to remember the 3 strongest hurricane in history.
"San Calikesto II"
Hurricane of 1780, who received his name thanks to the Roman bishop-martyr, is considered to be the most deadly hurricane on the territory of the North Atlantic basin, a part of three oceans. Almost 95 percent of the buildings were destroyed on the Caribbean Islands. Elements that raged eleven days, only for the first six days, more than 27 thousand people took the lives. According to experts, the wind speed exceeded 320 kilometers per hour. The buzz from him was so strong that people did not even hear themselves. Almost 8-meter storm wave rose near the island over one of the cities and washed away all at home. The hurricane destroyed the British fleet, 19 Dutch ships and about 40 fleet ships of the French.
"MITCH"
Hurricane "MITCH" received the status of the most destructive hurricane of the last century. Such a title "deserved" due to its consequences of the autumn of the late 90s, when completely destroyed roads, houses, trees, animals and a huge number of people. In October 1998, the element challenged more than 11 thousand people. Approximately the same people remained missing. Hurricane, whose wind gusts reached more than 280 kilometers per hour, Nicaragua, Honduras and Salvador were practically erased from the face of the earth. Part of Africa was gigantic mud threads. The territory covered the absence of drinking water and drugs, which led to an increase in diseases. Utes hurricane almost a month later.
"Katrina"
This hurricane has become perhaps the most discussed destroyer of modernity. Elements with an excellent female name swept through the territory of the United States adjacent to the Gulf of Mexico, spreading into the sins of part of the states of Louisiana and Mississippi and borrowing more than two thousand people in the amount of life. The inhabitants of Alabama, Kentucky, Georgia, Florida and Ohio were also victims. New Orleans turned out to be practical completely flooded. The staffs are like huge lakes, and the number of thefts performed by the marauders, sharply reached incredible numbers. Fully eliminating the effects of the elements succeeded only a year later.
It is unlikely that the dry description of the hurricane can transmit all its power and destructive power. It can only be said that in the hurricane of average power, so much energy is distinguished as the explosion of four hundred hydrogen 20 megaton bombs. And to our happiness, that only 2-4% of all this power is transmitted by the strength of the wind. Although this is enough enough to feel the horror of the destruction and victims, which are also a consequence of a huge wave arising from the passage of hurricane.
Hurricane power is determined by a five-point scale. To date, humanity survived only a few such cataclysms of the greatest devastating force. The strongest hurricanes in the world and caused damage them are described below.
MITH.
October 1998 became a heavy test at once for several countries of the Caribbean coast. The hurricane of indescribable power walked along Salvador, Honduras. Nicaragua. Just imagine the speed of the wind sometimes exceeded 320 km / h. The most powerful wind, tidal waves and the resulting villages were absorbed 20 thousand people, more than 1 million remained without housing, food, water and medicine. Epidemics joined the catastrophe.
Great hurricane
In the autumn of 1780, nature wrapped his anger to the island of the Caribbean. San Calikesto, or a great hurricane, with its huge power, walked from Newfoundland to Barbados himself, did not bypassed Haiti. And although the data for those times is very inaccurate, history speaks of 22 thousand victims. The 7-meter wave demolished almost all the villages, ships in the bays and near the coast were flooded. Eyewitnesses of that time were described by an incredible rain, which broke the bark of trees before they were writing. Scientists suggest that the wind reached 350 km / h.
Katrina
This monster with a beautiful female name appeared not so long ago. Buggy in August 2005 and quickly gaining power, Hurricane Katrina wrapped his anger on the American coast. To such a rapid development of the events of power were not ready. The deadly hurricane, who was assigned the highest category, killed 1836 people, more than 500 thousand were left without a roof above their heads. Surely, everyone remembers the stunning reports from the destroyed and flooded New Orleans. The most terrible thing that human heartshes joined the elements: Morodeloca was raging in the affected areas, chaos reigned everywhere.
Typhoon in Pakistan
This natural disaster that happened in November 1970 was probably the most devastating in the entire history of the existence of the human race. The wind of incredible strength raised an 8-meter wave, which swept along the coast and several islands. In Typhoon, up to 1 million people died, and the number of victims exceeded 10 million. Damage from Typhoon did not give in to counting: the infrastructure was completely destroyed, a huge number of settlements simply disappeared from the face of the Earth.
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