If I were asked, which of our freshwater fish is the most mysterious and mysterious, then I, without hesitating a second, would answer that this is Lin. This representative of the family of carp is familiar to every fisherman of our country, but who knows about him at least something? Lin, he is Lin. So almost everyone will answer. Yes, what is there to speak, even for ichthyologists, he suppres many unresolved mysteries. Green scales winner - a unique fish, possessing such features that you will not meet others.
Where does it live, what does it eat and what are the sizes?
Lena Area is great enough. It is distributed from Western Europe to Oz.baikal, and from the northern regions of European Russia to Transcaucasia and Kazakhstan. He meets even in Turkey, however, in a very small quantity. In the Pskov, Leningrad and Arkhangelsk regions, it is quite rare. In general, Lin is warm and in cold water feels not very comfortable. In the lower reaches of large South-Russian rivers (Don, Dnipro, Volga, Urals, etc.) penetrates the saltwater Water Delta.
Interestingly, this fish all over its extensive range does not form subspecies. Line from South Czech Republic, Armenia, Lower Volga, Moscow region and Siberia almost no different from each other.
Line's habitat is similar throughout Russia. In whatever part of your range, this fish is, everywhere she chooses standing or weak water reservoirs with water with a strongly heated bottom. If a shallow, well-warmed with water is covered with a pitcher, a ride, reed and rod, then with 99 percent confidence it can be argued that Lin is there.
As for the power spectrum of Line, it is very wide. From zooplankton (at a young age) to large invertebrates and juvenile other carp fish. I myself had to catch the line several times to Fry. I was not surprised by the limit, because the hero of my story is considered almost the most peaceful of all peaceful fish.
It should be noted that the molts caught on the livery were not at all outstanding sizes, but from this we can conclude that large individuals are not often, but still quite regularly predatory. Such uncharacteristic, I would even say, strange forms of behavior are manifested by Lena in the poor on the food reservoirs. Where everything is in order with the feed base, he never predicts. Also in the list of culinary preferences, the lines of crustaceans fall "mollusks, insect larvae. This fish and vegetable food will not be afraining, climbing young shoots of water plants, and even a daddy, digesting unicellular shells of ameb and a decomposed organic. So in relation to power, Lin is typical polyphag.
Lin does not form large flocks and in general, despite the rather high fertility (up to 800 thousand eggs), and never is numerous. As soon as in the reservoir, a crucian, bream or roach appear in the reservoir in a large number, it goes to the background. Then the full illusion is created that there is no one here. In fact, Lin does not disappear anywhere, but simply chooses the most deaf and overgrown areas of the reservoir, where it is almost impossible to catch it. But when the number of competing fish species is not so high, then the mysterious "invisible" makes it necessary to know about his presence unexpected for fisherman bite.
Now about sizes. Strictly speaking, in different water bodies, the average weight of this fish ranges from 150-200 to 400-600. Lin per 1 kg and larger - a big luck for a fisherman.
Is our hero? In the time of my distant childhood on one of the Erikov Volgo-Akhtubinskaya floodplain, there was a casual chamber. The deficiency of oxygen was then delivered by the population to the population, only Karas survived this local catastrophe. So, in March, when the ice began to "go," a terrible picture opened. The bottom of the reservoir resembled a grand graveyard. Tons of rubbish fish: pike, perch, thick-carp, 12-kilogram sazans and ... Higher lines, whose weight, apparently reached 2 kg and more! Interestingly, these "healthy" never fucked on the fishing rod and did not even come across poaching networks. Before that, I could not assume that I could not assume that such a large fish was found in this river.
I repeat once again, saying that Lin is very hidden and constantly in "Shadows". For this reason, many fishermen do not even realize that a few meters from them are large fishing.
In various sources, the information is mentioned that the lines reach weight 6.5-7.5 kg. The numbers, of course, so fantastic, that cause distrust, but ... maybe it really is, because Lin fish mysterious ...
The biggest liny, which I managed to catch, weighed 1.8 kg, but one of my friend caught an instance by 2.6 kg! Larger individuals did not see.
Fat leather, healing mucus and poisonous blood
In this regard, for several years, Japanese biochemists cherished hope for, obtaining a heavy-duty antibacterial drug from the linea mucus. However, the idea turned out to be so expensive and painstaking that very soon scientists refused her.
Another amazing feature of Lena is his blood. It contains special igyotoxins and, in fact, can be considered a poisonous. Yes, yes, you did not hear. It is poisonous! In fairness, I can not not notice that Lin in this respect is far from unique in the fishing kingdom. Toxic substances contained in the blood can boast such fish such as Sazan, Marinka, River Acne and Some Sea Views (Tuna, Pelamid, etc.). True, Sazan toxins are not so poisonous as Linda. The most toxic proteins have river and some marine acne.
The question of the biological sense of developing poisonous proteins in the blood of fish is finally and to this day remains open. It is reliably known that the concentration of ichthyotoxins is noticeably rising during the spawning period. The experiments repeatedly conducted by scientists have proved very strong toxicity of protein joints of acne and lines. When introduced into the blood of experimental mice of hytiotoxins from the blood plasma, rodent mortality reached 80-85%, and most of the animals died in the first 10-30 minutes! The mortality rate of rodents with the introduction of ichthyotoxins Line reached 60-70%. Still, dear fishermen, do not fear to catch a line, cook them and eat.
Toxins can represent real danger only in the case of direct fishing of the blood in the blood of a person. With culinary processing, all poisonous substances already at +58 ° C are disintegrated into completely harmless amino acid residues.
Why does Lin linen?
Everyone who caught Linda, noticed one interesting feature behind him. Faced in a bucket or package, the fish begins to lift, making it almost in the literal sense of the word! That part of the body of the fish, which does not contact with sunlight, simply discolored and becomes dim, and the opposite side of it (addressed to the straight rays) retains its natural golden green shade.
Unsurpassed Coreweet Fishing and Large Experts of Fish Hawting L.P. Sabaneev gives such an explanation to the strange "fading" of Lena in the air: "Abundant mucus on the body of fish dries and falls off with pieces, from which the parts of the body of Line, devoid of this mucus, become light."
Such an interpretation of the phenomenon, as it seems to me, is fundamentally incorrect, although some (if not to say many) ichthyologists are quite solidar with this statement. In this regard, there are several significant inconsistencies. Why, in this case, the fish does not fully?
In addition, among the lines there is a special (golden) color variation. Such fishery are thickly covered with exactly the same mucus as possessing a typical color. However, golden lines, being pulled out of the water, never linen.
And then, not only liny, but also other fish. The pike stained in the dark tones, for example, the same side of the body fits, at which a caught predator passed for some time. What is the case? Let's try to figure out.
I think it really lies not in the peeling mucus, but in special substances responsible for the color of the body of the fish. In the skin of Line (and other fish species) there is a special set of pigments, which is under the control of a number of hormones and allows the fish to acquire a variety of color. In particular, for the dark color of the body "answers" the pigment melanin, accumulated in the surface layers of skin cells. It can change the configuration of its molecules in a matter of minutes, and, as a result, the fish can be very quickly changed painting from light to dark and vice versa. Line has this ability - to be brightened after death expressed more than other fish.
Where does fish have such a name and why do she dig an earth?
There are three plausible sounding hypotheses about the origin of the name of Lena. The first of them says that the word Lin, according to the Starrog Slavonic canons, comes from the verb to pour, that is, stick to the hands. And this, as we know, the very characteristic property of this fish. A very dense layer of sticky substance that covers the surface of the body of our hero really makes it one of the most slippery and adultery inhabitants of the underwater kingdom. The theory is fairly plausible, is not it?
The second interpretation explains that the lin comes from the word lazy. And indeed, the owner of the underwater twilight is very difficult to call energetic fish. He really lazy and never, if it, of course, does not worry, does not swim with acceleration. Lin measured every meter of his possessions, leisurely mechanic than fin. In this sense, the epithet "Lazy" as it is impossible to suit the main figure of our narration. As we see, and the second hypothesis is very attractive, it is also logical and in many ways truthful.
Where it turns out how to catch, bait, tackle.
There are many stories about how to catch Lena. This is perhaps one of the interesting and grocery fishing species, as it requires certain skills.
Lakes and ponds, or calm rivers with or orst bottom, where there are a variety of thickets of aquatic plants (reed, water lily, a dump, cane, pita) is just the places where Lin lives. Especially if there are underwater springs or small flowing streams, which saturate water with oxygen. In such places there are many vegetable and natural feed, how used to eat lin, therefore it is its natural habitat.
Spring Claw Line.
Early spring, when the water is still a bad fundamental, and there is no familiar animal feed, lin, like another fish, it feeds that he will bring him melting water. These are different worms and larvae. When plants begin to appear in the water, it can easily be powered by them. Once in the spring, we fished with a friend on the old man. They took, of course, with them a lot of different baits (worms, moth, moth, pearl cereals, etc.), it never knows what to peck. With an unsuccessful cast, one of my fishing rods clinched for the young stem of the source, after several attempts to depart, I tear off a piece of soft stem, which remained hanging on the hook. Since "Klevan" another fishing rod, I quickly threw it in another place. While I was happy with the caught roach, my first fishing rod quickly crawled into the water! Throwing the second, I barely had time to grab the first. Feeling powerful jerks, carefully led to the shore, and see big fish. My friend ran up, started at the Podcak fish, and pulled off ashore. It was a wonderful lin about about 2. kilogram weight! Oh, Miracle! And he nailed, imagine, on a piece of a young soft stem of the source! I fished from the bottom, our worms also came across a fish, but I still put one fishing school in the same place and planted the sharfing of the stem of the source on the hook. Imagine, - after 40 minutes the story repeated! My friend and I caught a 1.5 kilogram! Only to plant the flesh of the source, and indeed all the bait, it is necessary so that the sting of the hook was well hidden, because the lips of the liny though durable, but very sensitive. Throwing on the sting of the hook, Lin either stands up, either frightened and makes such a sharp jerk that even the rods from the shore fly away into the water!
Animals nozzles for Line.
Dung or rainworms, especially in spring, raised by a beam on a hook of 2 - 3 pieces, probably the best bait. It will not be bad if you manage to find the worms right on the shore of the reservoir - it is the usual feed of Lena. You can also catch a line on the larvae of cores, or worst. You can plant them in a few pieces, depending on what size they are. Such a bait will be eaten by other fish, so without catch you will not stay. Since Lin from the carp family, then you can apply the bait of this kind as "sandwich". This is an example of a worm and peas at the end of the hook, or the foral plus the bread ball, cooked with hemp or chocolate oil. What is not food? Dragonfly larva, planted along the hook, is also well suited. In general, all that is used as bait when catching carp.
As a lin pecks in the spring.
In the spring, as we already know, animal feed is very small, and therefore the link's blank is sometimes not predictable! It is necessary to carefully guard, so as not to stay at best without a hook, since Lyne's bounce in spring is very sharp and greedy. Sometimes it is very bold, that is, it is a sharp jerk in any direction, or completely drowning the float, or pulls on the surface of the water, and then sharply aside.
Summer Klev Lina.
In the summer, Klev Lina is much worse than in the spring, since his familiar food appeared in the water, and he begins to pick up. The best time of Claus is a windless cloudy warm morning, and sometimes all day. But the day usually pecks a small fish, but in the evening before sunset and even all night and morning, the lin is actively powered if the atmospheric pressure does not change. You can catch the same on floral and animal feed. Very good, like the whole family of carp, linua pecks on a water worm that can be found on the leaves of the pitfalls on the reverse side. This is perhaps one of his favorite delicacies. At sunset, at night, and in the morning you can hear how the lin is powered by, "smack", sucking the leaves of lily or water lily.
Bait for Line.
Prikormi can use the same as when catching carp, only in smaller quantities. For example, a couple of small bowls made of clay, you can throw in the "window" among the thickets, pre-mixing them with chopped worms and pearl grains. If the Kleov began, it means that the bait works. When Kleov ceases, and there is no change of weather, you can still put it off the lines in the same way.
How to peck, where to fish, tackle.
Line's blanket is quite interesting! Sometimes he is pulling the float even for a few minutes. It happens that the nerves do not stand, you will hit, and there ... - the arched hook. No need to rush. After a long twitching float, there will definitely be the original boke! Of course, this is not what spring, but you need to wait. The float can slowly swim aside and gradually hide under the water, or bounce and sharply in the direction, and then just "lie" into the water.
It is necessary to fish in the "windows", for the example between the leaves of the water lily. You can certainly make your windows, just to make them you need so that they look like as natural as possible. The diameter of artificial windows should be a maximum of 1.5 meters. Lin is very sensitive to changes in its habitat, he also has his own "trails", and if he doesn't like something, he finds a new place. If the bottom is very clean, it is useful for a hook to wear a polyfoam ball painted in a dark color so that the bait does not fall into IL.
Tackle for fishing is not difficult, the same as the carp - float. Leashes are better to apply in color water or dark. You can even tie two leashes at a height of 15 cm. From each other. In the fall, Lin goes to the depth. This is due to the fact that the feed becomes little, and the temperature is almost stable at the depth of depth, and is not subjected to differentiaries as in shallow water. And when the temperature of the water becomes less than 10 degrees, then the coarse stops at all. In this case, you need to find calm deep places. You can fish both on the fishing rod and on the Donka, suggesting the animal nozzles, only small. Bowlings in the fall of delicate and lazy, so very often there are garochkov.
The secret of a good bait for Line.
On the shore, where we will fish, you need to cut from the ground about 30 square centimeters of the coastal jam together with grass, a depth of 2 - 3 centimeters. Turning the ringer down the grass, smoother a little, put there a couple of dozen worms, wait until they hide. Gently, going into the water, omit our bait on the bottom, the rod to the bottom. Effect guarantee! The most interesting thing is that this embarrassment is natural!
I wish everyone good luck and pleasant Kleva!
Lin has a short, high and thick body, which is covered with a shallow firmly adjacent scales and a thick mucus layer.
This fish is often referred to as the king of the pond. If the pond is not wrapped in the pond, the pond is defective. Lin in the pond is an ambulance for sick fish, as is covered with healing mucus, which contains an antibiotic. If there is a fish in a pond, which has become infected with a bacterial infection, Lin will have medical assistance to her: the sick fish sails to the linen, sits about it and cure.
Lin - Fish of plain rivers and lakes:
Lin prefers slowly current and teen water and dislikes the rapid flow. It is very undemanding with respect to oxygen and can live in overgrown, or strengths and lakes.
The back at Linda Dark green, Olive-green Boca, with a golden tint, the abdomen is gray. In the overgrown trench waters, the lines are very dark, in clean water they are brighter.
Icra Lina is developing for three to four days.
Falls grow quickly, then the growth of the fish slows down, but due to the longest life expectancy can reach significant size - 50-60 centimeters.Middle weight adult line about 2 kilograms.
Usually, Lin does not leave the elected area of \u200b\u200bthe river chosen by him and keeps his favorite in the overgrown creek, thickets of the root.For the winter, the lin is riveted in Il and flows into the hibernation.
Saint begins with the third - fourth year of life in the late spring - early summer at water temperature 18 - 20 degrees and above; The female pulls up to 400 thousand eggs and more.
Spare Lena is quiet and unnoticed. They spawn Lini small groups - one female and two or three male. Icra Lin sweeps on underwater vegetation.
Spawning continues for a long time: it is spawn at first smaller, and then large fish. Ikra is in walking portion.
Lin feeds on vegetable and animal origin; Young - algae and small crustaceans; Adult fish - insect larvae, small molluscs, crustaceans and vegetable food.
Artificially bred lines in heat-water ponds in order to grow fishing material for small lakes and reservoirs: it can live here at considerable depths that other fish avoid.
Lena is advisable to grow as an extra fish, putting it to the carp, ciga, trout.
Although he eats the same food as the carp, the joint breeding of these fish is beneficial - it makes it possible to have significantly large (sometimes 20 percent) of the same water area (sometimes 20 percent) catches, since Lin deeper than carp, breaks up in IL and feeds Organisms that carpons are not available.
Thanks to the undemanding of Linda, it can be grown in a large area, in different climatic conditions, as well as in reservoirs unsuitable for other fish, for example, in peat careers.
A pond is prepared before boarding the line on spawning: clean the ditches, the bottom of the bottom of the rakes, produce lime, the fertilizer with ammonium nitrate and superphosphate.
When caught in the fall of segolets, one peculiarity of Line should be taken into account: at temperatures below 10 degrees it lies in IL. In view of this, the ponds should be launched at a temperature not lower than 10 degrees.
When you descend, you need to check whether the fish remained in the recesses.
Since Lin is very sensitive to mechanical damage, it is necessary to handle this fish very carefully.
Line breeding.
The fish productivity of ponds on the linen is 5 c / ha.
Because of the comparative tumority of the line, it is advisable to grow it in the monoculture only with a three-year turnover.An ordinary carp ponds with shallow water and deep plots with soft soils are suitable for the dilution of Linda and with abundant development of underwater vegetation, in the thickets of which it usually lives.
Since Lin is very damaging and can be buried in il, it is difficult for it, so some of the stages of its cultivation are combined in one pond. In the liner farm, it is enough to have an irregularly increased, winter and carving ponds.
For carrying out spawning, spawning platforms are arranged in the pond, on which 5-6 nests per 1 hectare with the ratio of females and males 1: 2 or 1: 1. The yield of ferments from one nest is usually 8-10 thousand. Until the autumn, Lyne is in the same reservoir.
If the depth of the pond is significant, Line segolets can not be resettled in a wintering pond.
Lina's faults spend at night with a gradual water descent.After the water in the reservoir remains only in the Water Supplies area, they raise all the Shandors, and the young rolling into the trap. In the event that a large number of fish managed to bury in il, the pond is filled with water again, and all operations repeat.
The fish productivity of spawning and outward ponds can reach 23.5 c / ha.
Lina wintering is carried out in ordinary wintering ponds or in the cages. The landing rate of segolets on the wintering is 0.6-1.0 million pcs. / Ha. In the segments of the segoles winter during the density of landing 10 thousand pcs / m3, and two years - 700-800 pcs / m3.
Two-year-olds and three-year-olds are grown without feeding; At landing density 60 thousand pcs / hectare Two years reach weight 70 g.
Tree years of Line can be grown with a lower landing density, which makes it possible to achieve fish productivity of more than 6 c / ha even without the use of feed.
In general, fish productivity on the linen above fish products for the carpu by 19-22%. A characteristic feature of Lena is that the females are overtaking in the growth of males by 40-60% and reach at a three-year age of 370.
For breeding on the summer site, Lin is best suited. She is settled fish and is completely unpretentious to the conditions of existence. Lin lives perfectly in water with a small oxygen concentration.
Line breeding pond should have a depth of 1 meter and size 10 * 3 meters. The more spacious pond, the faster the fish is gaining in weight.
For simple fish breeding, you can start with 3 - 4 pieces: one female and three males. The weight of the mature line reaches 400 grams.
Fish is best launched into the pond in the spring, when the weather is free up to 16 degrees. At low temperature, the fish stops feeding, thereby slows down its growth. The optimal temperature for Line is 20-26 degrees.
Spawning at Linda begins at the end of May - in early June. During this period, it is necessary to feed the fish with the waste of grain and grain seeds. It can be used as feed carrots, beets and potatoes, missed through a meat grinder.
Under favorable conditions, Lin grows quickly. At low temperatures, it is burned in IL and the growth slows down.
I invite everyone to speak
Lin is the only representative of the kind Tinca.. He is very warm and selected. Lin grows pretty slowly and most often adheres to the bottom. Its habitat is the coastal zone. Lin is not just a name, this is a characteristic, since this fish was so named due to the ability to change the color when entering the air. It seems to be leaning, the covering mucus begins to darken, and dark spots perform on the body. After some time, this mucus is exfoliated, and yellow spots appear on this place. It should be noted that in the world there is a decoratively derived species - golden Lin.
Lin - freshwater fish, therefore, to be found in lakes, ponds, reservoirs. It can be found in rivers, but very rare. Lin prefers to hide in algae and loves large reservoirs, because it is much more comfortable. These places are so attracted by Lena with their thickets from the canthage, the crest and cane. He likes places with a nonstoundation. It perfectly gets in water with low oxygen content. Lin is able to survive even in places where the remaining fish immediately die.
He has a thick, high and covered with an elongated scaled body, which is tightly sits in the skin and abundantly distinguishes the mucus. Line has a finite and rather small mouth, in the corners of which there are short mustache. Little eyes, bordered by a reddish iris. All finished shape fins, and in the tail fin there is a small gauge. He has no definite color, since it depends on the reservoir in which the fish lives. Most individuals have a dark back with a greenish tinge, and the sides are blonde sometimes yellow. Finns are all gray, but the main and abdominal base is yellowish. It is quite simple to distinguish males from the female, because the first thickened second beam of abdominal fins.
Most often, the weight of the individual is only 600 g, but sometimes there are copies that have reached 50 cm, with a weight of about 2-3 kg. Life expectancy is 18 years old.
Line's ration is quite diverse, it consists of insect larvae, worms, mollusks, aquatic plants and dedrit.
How to choose
The choice of Lena should be approached with a special responsibility, because your well-being depends on it. The first advice is to buy exceptionally fresh fish. Now it is quite possible, since this fish is sold in aquariums. If you buy from a fit, then carefully inspect the gills, because they are the main sign of freshness. Then sniff, and do not believe the seller for the word. Fresh fish will never smell fish, the fragrance of freshness comes from it. Line's eyes should be clear and transparent. Any deviation of a bad quality feature. Press on the fish, the remaining fossa is a clear sign of insufficient freshness. Fresh fish meat is dense, quickly restored and elastic. If you have purchased Lena, and come home and, starting it to cut it, found that the bones are behind meat, carry it back or throw it into the trash can not exactly use such fish in food.
How to store
Just three days can be stored fresh lin. However, do not forget to pay it, rinse thoroughly and wipe dry. After it, it is possible to wrap in white paper, which was pre-impregnated with a strong brine. Then you can finish again into the clean napkin.
The prepared fish can be stored for quite a long time in the refrigerator, at a temperature not more than 5 ° C.
Reflection in culture
In Hungary, Linda is called "Gypsy fish", this is due to the fact that it is absolutely not popular there.
It should be noted that the healing properties were attributed to the linen. It was in the Middle Ages and at that time believed that if this fish was cut in half and put on the wound, then the pain will be held, fever. People believed that Lin relieves even from jaundice. It was believed that he positively affects not only a person, and on other fish. Patients with relatives needed only to be lost about Lena and everything will pass.
Food value in 100 grams:
Useful properties of Lina
Composition and availability of useful substances
Despite such low calorie, Lin is very rich in various vitamins and useful substances. In this fish there are high-quality proteins, iodine, vitamins B ,, E, C and PP. It also has zinc, copper, sodium, chrome, polyunsaturated fatty acids, phosphorus, fluorine, manganese and potassium.
Useful and therapeutic properties
Lin is one of the few product that contains high-quality protein, which contains essential amino acids. Doctors strongly recommend eating Lindes to people who complain about the poor performance of the stomach or on the problems with the thyroid gland. Scientists have proven that if we systematically use cooked on fire or baked fish, it will be beneficial to the body as a whole. Most of all, Lin affects the work of the heart, namely prevents the emergence of arrhythmia.
In cooking
It should be noted that the lin is not suitable for food in the spawning season. The highest taste is the fish caught in late April, or in early May. This species prefers to live in a swampy or stale water, so the meat smells mold and shel. But it can be easily fixed, running still live linen in a bath with water, or withstanding for 12 hours in running water.
Lin fish refers to the karp's amateur, a typical inhabitant of freshwater reservoirs of Russia from its European part to Baikal. It is found in the lakes and rivers of Europe.
Fish Description Lin
The fish has a luxurious powerful body, short and high enough. It is pressed on the sides, the Boca themselves have a swollen form.
Fish Lin holder of thick skin. It also has a very dense and small golden scales. The side line is decorated with almost hundreds of scales.
All fins are rounded line. Not very long fish anal and dorsal fins. A wide and short tail fin has no recess. Adult males are distinguished by longer abdominal fins, reaching the beginning of the anal fin.
The head is small, in the gills up to 20 stamens. Little eyes with a reddish rainbow sheath. Small and fleshy mouth with two miniature mustache. Pulp teeth grow in one row, they are hurt at the ends. Line has a strong sense of smell, but weak vision. Line's life continues on average 13-18 years old.
Features of the species
Fish Lin is unusual because her body covers a thick mucus. Therefore, it is very slippery and it is not always possible to keep - the fish slips out of his hands. Called Line quickly changes the color, it is covered with stains. The process of discontinuation of the mucus occurs, it collapses with pieces. It is assumed that it was this property that served as the name of the fish.
Color and size
The color of the back at the line is dark, almost black is sometimes dark green. The sides are greenish with the transition to olive color and with an admixture of a golden shade, bellying a grayish color. Fish Lin - owner of dark fins.
Living in saturated peat or overgrown lakes with or etched bottom lin has a black color. Inhabited in open lakes and fish rivers is always brighter, olive color Lin acquires, living in reservoirs with sandy soil at the bottom.
This is a large fish, its length is up to 70 cm, and the mass can reach 7, 5 kg, but they usually come across smaller specimens weighing 2-3 kg.
The body color of the fish linus largely depends on the habitat, the composition of the water, the nature of the bottom soil and the degree of illumination of the reservoir.
Famous species
There are several lines of lines characteristic of certain forms of water bodies in which he lives.
- The river lin is different from the lake fellow smaller complex. His mouth is somewhat raised up. He usually lives in river planes and bays.
- Lake lin is the largest in size with a powerful body. He prefers large lakes, reservoirs.
- Pond liny slightly less lake in volume. He feels perfectly in small natural water bodies and in artificially created ponds.
- There is a decorative form of fish, called a golden lines, it is the result of artificial selection. It differs from the usual line with a golden color of the body, his eyes have a dark color, on the sides there are dark specks.
Where live fish lin
In Russia, Lin is found throughout the European part and partially on its Asian territory. The heat of the thermal lodge, hence its preference to the pools of Azov, Caspian, the Black and Baltic seas. Her habitat extends to the Ural reservoirs and Baikal. Sometimes Lin is found in Obi, hangar and Yenisei. It is common in Europe, in Asian latitudes with temperate climates.
Favorite sites for Line - continuing reservoirs with standing water in moderate and warm climates. Therefore, the lakes, bays, reservoirs, ponds, slots with a slight flow - the most suitable reservoirs for this fish. Lin definitely avoids bystrine and cold water.
Fish Lin feels greatly in places overgrown with aquatic plants like a reed or cane, among Korg and Algae, in the sun-heated water bodies and planes, where the bottom. It usually keeps at the depths of the swords of greens, high banks, where the real thickets of aquatic vegetation.
It is familiar to Lina a low-wear life in Tine or Ile, where he finds for him feed. This fish spends all his life in the same favorite places, does not migrate anywhere. Leads a secluded and measured life at aquatic depths.
For the winter, Lin runs on the bottom of the reservoir, burning in Ile either in Tine. There he flows into a deep discharge to early spring. Awakes fish in March, and more often in April, when the ice begins to be released from ice. During this period, Linda begins intense Zhor to spawning itself.
Fish Lin does not suffer from lack of oxygen, saltwatel water and increased acidity, so without problems can live in wetlands, in the flooded floods of lakes and the mouths of the rivers, where sea water gets.
What feeds Lin
Line's nutrition is the bottom invertebrates living in Ile. But in general, its nutrition consists of many components:
- ringed worms;
- travcolt;
- moth;
- cyclops;
- rachkov;
- mollusks;
- water beetles;
- dragonfly larvae, swirl;
- leeches;
- water bugs;
- floutants;
- fish fry;
- phytoplankton;
- rod;
- escapes of aquatic plants
- algae.
In addition to animal food, adult fish are also included in their diet also aquatic plants - shoots of reeds, sources, rubbing and algae. Usually fed lin leaves early in the morning or at twilight time. Under the solar rays, the feed does not like. At night, the fish never eats, but shelters to sleep in the pits at the bottom of the reservoir.
Reproduction and offspring
Line has spawning begins at the later dates. It is often happening only at the end of May, when water warms up to 17-20 degrees. Sexual maturity fish reaches no earlier than 3 or 4 years. The lines will spawn for two months, until July, going to the small groups.
Females are moving to caviar with 2-3 portions, after certain intervals. It happens in the coastal zone of the reservoir, where the weak flow, but clean water, at a depth of 1 meter. The deferred caviar is attached to the underwater rhizomes and plants stems.
Fish is distinguished by large fertility, female, depending on age, mosques from 50 thousand to 600 thousand eggs. Line has a small caviar with a greenish tint. After fertilization, the incubation period lasts for a short time if the water in the lake warmed up to the temperature above 20 degrees, the larvae is opened by the third or fourth days.
Fish larvae develop slowly, feeding from the yolk bag. The festers that appeared in small flocks, they begin to absorb algae and zooplankton, then go to the downturn with bottom invertebrates. Fog lines grow not too quickly, by year reaching 3-4 cm. For two years, they double their dimensions and only by 5 years are gaining up to 20 cm.
A pending female Line Icra often dies in large quantities, sliding from plants to the bottom and getting into IL. The mass death of the caviar occurs also with the end of the flood in the water bodies and the decline of water in the place of spawning, when they dry.
Dangerous enemies
The unique feature of Lena, whose body is covered with a thick layer of mucus, saves it from dangerous predatory fish and other ordinary enemies of freshwater fish. The mucus, its smell, obviously, scares potential hunters on, so the lin is protected and does not become the extraction of various predators.
But the leaf caviar is subjected to merciless destruction. Since Lin does not protect his caviar to the spawning, it eat various fish and other water inhabitants in huge quantities.
The main danger to Lind is a fishermen leading his catch. Lovers of this difficult for fishing open the season early in the spring, back in April or May, before the start of the spawning period. Then this fish is beginning to catch in the fall - from the end of August and until October.
Fishing Lin fish
Usually, for the consideration of the lines of fishermen use, be sure to with a flexible rod and durable dark color. Sometimes with a random coil. For the spring fishing of the fish also apply a murmison and a kivot fishing rod.
When catching Line use different bailings. Most often it is earthen and dung worms, maidens, caterpillars, whims, larvae dragonflies. It happens that Lin pecks on ordinary leeches.
Fishermen use various tricks for catching this difficult for catching fish. For example, they are prepared for a "sandwicious" bait from a moth and maggot, adding dough and corn to them.
Lovers of fishing also use all sorts of porridge as bait, the most despicable liny pecks on the semolina, pearl, wheat grains, oats. It happens to efficient fishing on bread balls, dough, packed peas or potatoes.
Purchase Line with pieces of cake from sunflower, flax and cannabis. Successful bait with a strong and attractive smell for fish are considered crushed into pieces of live flavors and worms.
Another successful way of catching Line is using a bottom tack, having a rubber shock absorber. It is lowered into space among water thickets, usually from the boat or putting it down to this place.
Nice and leisurely in the reservoir Lin, having fallen on the hook, has desperate resistance and very aggressive rebuff, trying to free themselves. Often his almost acrobatic maneuvers are successful, caught fishing can be broken from the hook. Experienced fishermen, knowing about such hawves of Len, very slowly and patiently summarize him to the shore and be sure to use the Master to pull the fish ashore.
Population and status of the form
In the European part of Russia, the Lena population is presented very extensively as in Europe. However, the Ural Lin is significantly destroyed by poachers. Human economic activity that affects the environment of its habitats, also strikes the population of this type of fish, reducing its number.
Although, in general, Lind's population does not threaten the disappearance, it happens that this fish is massively dying in the winter, when the water level in reservoirs suddenly decreases, and sleeping on the bottom of the line is freeze in ice. Therefore, in some regions, the fish are taken under the protection of the state. For example, in Buryatia, Irkutsk, Yaroslavl regions Lin is in the Red Book. The same measure of the protection of this fish was taken in Germany.
Fishery value
Lin is not considered the most valuable fishing fish. However, fish farms are engaged in its breeding, and in considerable volumes, growing lines in artificial ponds. It is believed that to breed this unpretentious to the habitat conditions of the representative of carp fish is very profitable and much easier than the same pond carp.
Taste Quality Meat Line
Line has a magnificent taste, juicy, very gentle dietary meat with low calorie. It is rich in amino acids and proteins that are easily absorbed. Dishes from Line are rich in vitamins A, groups B, C, RR, E contain useful calcium, phosphorus, sodium, potassium, magnesium. Meat of this fish contains many important trace elements - iron, fluorine, iodine, manganese, zinc.
All this makes fish especially useful for diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and the endocrine system. There are practically no contraindications for the use of meat Lind, only if there is individual intolerance of the fish.
Many appetizing dishes are prepared from Lind meat. Fish fry, boiled, cook dishes for a pair, baked in sour cream sauce, prepare from it the filler, marinate, extinguish with mushrooms, stuffed, used for a refined dish in wine.
But what can be tastier just caught fish prepared in nature! One of the most simple and amazingly appetizing dishes are lines baked on coals. Before the preparation of slippery molts, they free from mucus, carefully cleaned.
The fish has the property to smell the tina, so it must be soaked in pure water or simply rinse in the salt solution. Fracture carcasses with lemon juice, soy sauce, in the grooved belly put lemon slices. Lin must marinate for 15-20 minutes. 0
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