Death cap - This is one of the representatives of the fungal kingdom, which is the most toxic among all species. This mushroom belongs to the Amanite family, the kind of amansor. Mortality from its adoption can reach up to 80-90% of cases, although poisoning from this mushroom is not as often. Therefore, try to look at the pale custody.
Pale cheagle photo and a description of a poisonous mushroom. Fruit body of mushroom - hat icon. Young mushrooms hide their body under the film, having an egg shape. The color of the Hats at the first stage of development of a greenish or olive shade, then the color will become lighter. Sometimes you can find a pale looting with a completely white hat. As it grows, the hat is compacted, and its dimensions can reach 15 cm.
At mature mushrooms leg pale urban It reaches 15 cm, but thin 1-2 cm. It has a durable ring, white color, bag-shaped volley. Volva - white, cupid, wide, free, most often it is found broken and immersed in the soil. The leg has a white color and sometimes occurs with beautiful divorces of olive color. Plates are frequent, wide, lanceal, free. They are white as disputes.
Pale and ShampignonHow can they distinguish them? This kind of mushrooms can very often be confused with young forest champignons (floats). However, they are distinguished by the lack of a ring on the leg of a pale toadstool. Champignons plates In young age they have pink color, but they always have white tolets.
Pale zeel symptoms It will arise 12-30 hours after poisoning, poisonous substances start slowly to destroy the human body. How usually all begins with an ordinary headache. But after some time there are burning pain in the stomach, impairment of vision, restless condition, severe thirst. Further or borne vomiting, diarrhea and cramps. Sometimes you can experience a sense of relief, but the irreversible process of change in the kidneys, liver, spleen and heart has already begun. When toxins have already come to the blood, death as a rule comes within 9 days. For suspicion of poisoning With this fatal mushroom, it is better to immediately seek help in specialized institutions, there is a high probability that in the first hours, mortality decreases to 50%. Remember, if you are not sure of a mushroom 100%, it is better not to put it in the basket.
Pale urban photo mushroom
Systematics:
- Department: Basidiomycota (Basidiomycetes)
- Subsidation: agaricomycotina (agaricomycetes)
- Class: Agaricomycetes (agaricomycetes)
- Subclass: Agaricomycetidae (agaricomycete)
- Order: Agaricales (agricultural or lamellar)
- Family: AMANITACEAE (Amanite)
- Rod: Amanita (Amanita)
- View: AMANITA PHALLOIDES (Pale Toyney)
Synonyms:
- Amanita Green
- Amanita White
(Lat. Amanita Phalloides.) - Mushroom from the genus amanita (), one of the most dangerous death-poisonous fungi.
Description
Hat Pale refraining reaches 10 cm in ∅, first bellolty, then plateless, Light green, white, yellowish-boot-olive, in the middle is usually darker, with a silky gloss, in crude weather, the mucous weather, sometimes silent flakes on the surface. The color of the hats is from almost white to a grayish-green, but with aged hat becomes more grayish.
Flesh white, thin, odorless and taste.
Plates Frequent, free, white. Spore powder white. Spores are almost spherical, smooth.
Leg Up to 12 cm. Length, 1.5 - 2 cm. ∅, hollow, smooth, at the base of dormantly thickened, white, sometimes with a yellow tinge, surrounded by a white, cup-shaped vagina. Ring on a white leg, striped.
Spread
Pale refraining is growing in coniferous and wide forests, birchings, dumbers singly and groups from June to autumn frosts. It is rare.
Pale refining prefers deciduous and mixed forests (and better - broad-sized), forms mikurizu with many deciduous trees, in particular, with Lipa and Oak. It occurs since the end of July to late autumn.
Similar views
One of the most , kinda phenomenon. Poisonous even disputes and myceliums. As you know, the poison of pale toes, that is, Amanitins and Fallotins, are very cunning - the first symptoms of poisoning are manifested only when the poison has already worked and take something late - it remains only to hope that the dose was not too high. Regarding the deadly dose, the sources are somewhat diverged (obviously, after the actual fluctuations in the content of toxins in mushrooms, depending on climatic and other conditions), but everyone converge on the fact that this dose is very small.
Some sources indicate that 1 g of a raw mushroom is enough for deadly poisoning per 1 kg of live weight. If the digit and overestimated, then slightly. It is known that one good copy of the pale loyal can poison several people, and this is no longer prejudice of Western reinsurers ...
Video about the mushroom Pale Radin:
Remarks
Pale refraining is a very beautiful mushroom. Almost the most beautiful. This is a real work of art. It is a masterpiece. No packaging of warts. Solid aesthetics. Especially beautiful young radical green copies: a geometrically verified semi-shaped hat, dark green with ingrown dark streaks, the right thickness of the leg with soft greenish patterns, a neat white ring ... Instinct and beeps: "Eat me!". And after all eat ...
From mushrooms. This product is a rich source of vitamins and protein. Mushrooms were used in food back in ancient times, and until today they did not lose their appeal. But there are species that hide a deadly threat. One of the considered pale (white) toadstool. The second name is green amanita. Drinking this mushroom for most people ends with a deplorable, 90 out of 100 cases is a fatal outcome. Sometimes even the most avid mushrooms allow a mistake. To prevent the tragedy, you need to know exactly what the white refining looks like and in which regions it meets.
Where is the mushroom?
The most striking representative is an ammomar, it is to this kind and applies to the moderate climatic zone of the Eurasian and North American continents. The mushroom grows on fertile or mixed soils, often adjacent to such trees as birch trees, oaks and limes. Preferably, it can be found in a wide or deciduous forest, but there are cases when the refining is found in the territories of parks. On the sandy soil and in coniferous forests is practically not found.
Description of the mushroom
In order to avoid errors when collecting edible mushrooms, it is necessary to carefully examine the description of the white toadstool:
- Little mushroom, has a film coating.
- The diameter of the hat can vary from 6 to 12 cm. It has a pale green, yellowish or white shade. To the center of the glazing cap is darker. In the process of growth, the hat changes shape: Initially, it can be flat or egg-shaped, then changes to the prostrate. In the young mushroom, the surface of the hat is covered with flakes that disappear over time.
- Because of the hat hides the plates of white. Throughout the time they do not change their color. When feeling, they have a soft structure.
- Mushroom pulp - white color. If it is donated, the color will not change.
- A pale (white) toadstool has a sweet taste and a pleasant aroma, but the old mushroom smells very disgusting.
- Shape leg - cylindrical. At the very base that wrapped in the form of a needed bowl, it has thickening. At the top of the leg is the skirt. The color of the fruits is predominantly white, sometimes with a yellow or green chip.
Similarity with edible mushrooms
Often, the mushrooms are confused with a pale cheagle with since in appearance they are very similar. But still there are distinctive signs:
- Mushroom White Mustache has on the leg (at the very base) a film-like thickening, which is not in the raw.
- The edible mushroom has no skirt.
With a careful inspection, it is easy to see the above differences.
Pale custodia has certain similarities with champignon, and sometimes these mushrooms are quite difficult to distinguish each other. The differences are not as noticeable, like a chewing, but still they are:
- The plates located under the heap of a poisonous mushroom are painted in white, but the champignon has a brown or pink shade.
- If you do a dun, the edible mushroom becomes a red or yellowish tint. The dragging color will not change.
- Champignons have a pronounced fragrance, whereas a poisonous mushroom has a fragrance barely catch.
- Chervi and insects bypass the rigging side, but they love to be touched by edible representatives of the Mushroom Kingdom.
Young champignons cannot be distinguished from a poisonous mushroom, so it is not recommended to cut them.
Symptoms of poisoning
Pale cheagle can be considered not only poisonous, but also the most insidious mushroom. To taste and the smell it is difficult to distinguish from edible. Even the heat treatment is not able to neutralize the effect of the poison. Its concentration is so strong that in most cases leads to severe poisoning, and then to death. Deceit is that the symptoms of intoxication do not appear immediately. After the white ceremony was eaten, it can pass from 6 to 12 hours, and even more than a day before the poison give yourself to know.
Basic symptoms talking about poisoning:
- Vomiting and nausea are constant.
- The chair is liquid. It has an unpleasant smell. After a while there is mucus and blood.
- Dehydration occurs. A man is thirsty, and the skin becomes dry.
- On the 3-4th day, false relief begins. This period can last 2-4 days.
- The patient has acute renal and liver failure.
- Leather color becomes yellow.
- Nose bleeding and subcutaneous hemorrhages are observed.
- Consciousness becomes twilight and loses clarity.
- Pulse rapid, superficial. Arterial pressure drops.
Medical care must be rendered as soon as the first manifestations of poisoning emerged, otherwise the person may die for the 10-12th day.
First aid
If there is a suspicion that the cause of poisoning was pale (white) toadstool, it is necessary to immediately cause emergency care. Before the arrival of doctors, it is necessary to conduct procedures that contribute to the relief of the status:
- If nausea and vomiting are missing, you need to rinse the stomach. The patient needs to drink plenty of water and with the help of clicking on the root of the tongue cause vomiting.
- Give a poisoning laxative to help the body get rid of toxins.
- Use sorbents: "Smekt", coal activated, etc.
Before the emergence of ambulance such procedures will be enough.
Remember! A person is enough to eat 1/3 part of the mushroom tower hats to get a deadly portion of poison.
Lovers of "quiet hunting" should be given sufficient attention to theoretical preparation so that the hunter does not become a sacrifice.
It is impossible to approach this fascinating lesson. Alas, some mushrooms are deadly dangerous, and there is no antidote against their toxins. The deadly outcome, and in the "best" case a disability, with random use are guaranteed.
Meet, before you Mushroom Pale Mustache! At first glance, the harmless mushroom, but in fact one of the most poisonous in the world. In Latin, he is called Amanita Phalloides. Amanita means that it belongs to the genus of the Mumoror, and Falloidiz sends us to the shape of a mushroom, which reminded the French biologist Sebastian Wiyana male penis.
He suggested this name in 1727. The British did not be wise wildly and called DEATH CAP mushroom, which can be translated as a "deadly hat."
For a long time, the referee growing only in Europe, but recently they managed to spread almost all over the world, including America, Australia, Africa and East Asia, hovering horror on local mushrooms, whose acquaintances with these migrants appeared departing.
Conclusion Simple: Collect mushrooms need thoughtfully, with knowledge of the case.
How to recognize the leaf?
The fruit body in the leaf is represented by a hat and leg, however, at a young age resembles an egg and a whole closed with a film. Some manage to confuse the loin in this form with a raincoat. Recall that the fruit body is the part of the mushroom, which we are in use and call the mushroom.
The hat can take dimensions between 5 and 15 cm in diameter. Gray, greenish and olive colors. Form: flat, hemispherical. The edges are characterized by smoothness, and the surface is fibrous.
The pulp (internal contents) of white with fleshy content. When damaged, the color changes does not occur.
The height of the legs lies in the range from 8 to 16 centimeters, and the diameter from 1 to 2.5. Based on a pouch thickening. The color either does not differ from the hat or whitish. Often there is a moire pattern.
Plates - radial thighs on the bottom of the hat, diverging from the leg. White, soft, free. There is a characteristic skirt on the leg, a scientific referred to as "ring", which can disappear with age. She is wide, as if with a fringe. If looking outside - striped.
There is a developed volva, partially immersed in the ground. Will it seems to be the residue of the egg from which the mushroom hatched. It is characterized by white color. Free-blade. The width is usually from 3 to 5 centimeters.
Powder dispute is characterized by white.
The similarity of pale loyal with edible mushrooms
Beginnerful mushrooms can confuse the ceremony with some edible mushrooms and poison. Let's try to resolve this problem:
- In champignons, the plate as painting is undergoing, and they have white torself.
- The chewing makers there is a completely lack of skirt and volva, and the pulp is broken.
- The floats also belong to the kind of agaroves, but the edges of the hats are not smooth, but with a radial-oriented notch. They are inferior to the cheerful, incl. The pulp is thinner, and they have no skirts at all.
- There have been cases when in the hurry of the loading caps were cut down above the skirt, which created a false impression of non-Tea.
Carefully examine the photo of the mushroom pale custinet, and better download photos to the phone. If you doubt your knowledge, then collect mushrooms only in the presence of an experienced mushroom.
Never collect suspicious or unknown instances.
Pale refining poisoning
The main active substance of the poea refreshing poison is alpha-amanitin, having a peptide nature. When admitting inside, he surpasses potassium cyanos for toxicity almost 17 times.
Unlike cyanides, it is a cytotoxic poison and is not valid instantly, but with a delay of about 10 hours, and then the day. The first symptoms: diarrhea, vomiting. It is clear that, after a day, washing the stomach is no longer separated, since the alpha-amanitine is circulating in the body.
Driving on the RNA polymerase-2 enzyme, it disrupts proteins synthesis in the cell, which leads to her death. Most of all suffer liver and kidneys. Even if the victim managed to survive (about 15% of poisoned), then, most likely, he will need a liver transplant that in the conditions of the CIS countries, akin to the mortal sentence.
The hardest poisoning is already a quarter of the fruit body.
Remember that no culinary (incl. Thermal) processing does not reduce the toxicity of the pale urban. Mushroom can not touch hands. It is unacceptable to contact edible mushrooms.
Light at the end of the tunnel
One of the substances discovered in the pale leaning is an antamanide that reduces the effect of poison. Unfortunately, it is impossible to apply it for therapeutic purposes. Nevertheless, scientists are trying to develop an antidote on its basis.
In some European countries, it is investigated the possibility of treating poisoning with pale loosening with a silibinine highlighted from the Spotillas. It has a hepatoprotective effect, preventing the seizure of alpha-amanitine cells of the liver, and also increases the synthesis of RNA.
Studies in this direction continue.
As long as an effective antidote is not developed, it remains to hope only on the power of one's own mind, capable of protecting you from poisonous finds with a high probability.
Photo of pale urban
Mushrooms are a valuable food product that contains a lot of protein and vitamins. They are a man's food from ancient times to this day. Some of their species can lead to serious poisoning or even death. This belongs to the pale refining, the fatal outcome after its consumption occurs to 90% of cases. To avoid tragic randomness, you need to know what the pale custodia looks like, what time is growing and how to distinguish it from other mushrooms. Let's analyze all these aspects in detail.
The Mushroom Pale Toyney (Amanita Phalloides), or how it is differently called an amanita green, belongs to the class of agaricomycetes, the genus Amanita, the Municipal family. This is a poisonous representative of the kingdom of mushrooms.
- The fruit body has a hat and leg, which is completely covered with a film completely covered.
- The hat grows from 6 to 12 cm in diameter, from pale green to yellowish-brown-olive shades, rarely almost white, in the center is usually darker. At the beginning of growth, there is an egg-shaped or flat shape, white wart flakes are scattered on the surface of the cap, with age becomes open, flakes disappear.
- White wide plates under the hat are located freely, on the touch soft, the color does not change.
- White flesh, does not change his color with dym. The taste of a green mumor is slightly sweet, the smell of old copies is unpleasant.
- The leg has a cylindrical shape with thickening to the base, smuggy or smooth, its diameter is up to 2.5 cm, and height from 8 to 15. White painting with a yellowish or greenish tint. In the upper part there is a widespread white "skirt", striped outside. The base is wrapped with a wide cup-shaped volva, which is usually overshadowed.
Spread
According to the description, the pale refining is similar to other representatives of the kingdom of mushrooms, including edible. Therefore, when collecting varieties having common features with it, it is necessary to remember the growth time of the fruit body and the place of its distribution.
Growing in the moderate climate of Eurasia and North America. It can be found in bright deciduous and deciduous forests with fertile soil, occasionally in mixed.
Most often, the pale custodia is adjacent to plants like birch, linden and oak. It happens its growing in the park areas. Extremely rarely mushroom can be found in coniferous forests with sandy soils.
Most often cases of poisoning this poisonous mushroom occur from July to November. This is due to the fact that it is at this time that the fungnya gives fruit bodies.
Similar views and how to distinguish from them
Quite often, the pale custodia gets into the basket of the mushroom instead of the crown of green, outwardly, these varieties do not differ practically. Although there are some signs for which you can still distinguish them:
- syrozhka has no tube-like film thickening at the bottom of the leg;
- pale refraining has a "skirt" in the top of the mushroom, the cheese can not boast such an ornament.
These characteristic features will always allow even the most experienced mushroom with a deadly poisonous fruit body from edible.
In addition to the raw, the pale meal is very similar to the ordinary champignon. In this case, distinctive features are not as noticeable:
- the plates of the edible mushroom have a pinkish or brownish shades, while the poisonous is always white;
- when the flesh, the flesh of the champignon becomes yellow or red;
- the aroma of the edible mushroom is similar to the smell of almond or anise, while the ribbon practically does not make odor at all;
- edible mushroom attracts insects and worms.
Young fruit bodies of both varieties distinguish almost impossible, so it is best to refrain from collecting small champignons.
Signs of poisoning
Pale refund poison is extremely dangerous, especially for children. Poisoning this mushroom is always extremely difficult, even if it does not lead to a fatal outcome. Poison properties do not disappear after taking high temperatures.
So what will happen if you eat a pale cheagle? You can learn about the poisoning this mushroom according to the following symptoms:
- A special distinctive feature of poisoning is a hidden period: the actions of the poea refining poison starts from 6 hours to two days after receiving it in food.
- Nausea, vomiting, which over time the spread of poison in the body is becoming constant.
- Liquid stools with an unpleasant smell, over time, blood and mucus begins to appear.
- Dehydration, which manifests itself in constant thirst and dry skin.
- Another feature of poisoning this mushroom is the period of false relief, it comes 3 days after the manifestation of the first symptoms and lasts two to four days.
- Hemorrhage of subcutaneous blood vessels, nasal bleeding.
- Acute liver and renal failure.
- The skin acquires a yellowish tint.
- Consciousness loses clarity.
- The blood pressure is reduced, the pulse becomes frequent and superficial.
If, in the manifestation of the first symptoms, they do not render a medical care, then death occurs on 10-12 days.
First aid
It is necessary at the very first signs of pale refining poisoning to seek qualified medical help. Until its arrival, the victim is provided by the first measures to facilitate the status:
- Stomaching: The poisoned should have a large amount of water and cause vomiting. With strong nausea and continuous vomiting, this measure is inexpedient.
- Reception of laxatives. This is usually Magnesia sulk acid in a 25% concentration, up to 30 ml inside.
- Sorbent drugs: Activated coal, "Smekt" and others.
In order to wait for professional assistance, these measures are quite enough. In medical institutions, the injured most often prescribed lipoic acid, acetylcysteine \u200b\u200band atropine. In addition to them, the patient needs acid-alkaline stabilization and elimination of dehydration.
The concentration of poison in the pale toader varies depending on the collection time. The deadly dose of pale ultrasound for a person is 1/3 of the heap.
Benefit and harm
Oddly enough, even such a poisonous mushroom, like a pale custody, can benefit:
- In small doses, the reception of his poison is a preventive measure from the poisoning of mushrooms.
- Based on this poison, there are means from insects.
- Injections with toxins of this mushroom are used to rejuvenate the skin.
- The green agarity in the form of infusion is considered a means of cancer, although in the laboratory conditions confirmation of this was obtained only in the study of mice.
This poisonous mushroom carries much more harm, rather than use. Therefore, to apply it as a folk agent from any diseases is strictly contraindicated.
Many quiet hunting lovers are generally refused to collect mushrooms that look like pale custodia. It is right. After all, it is impossible to be 100% confident that together with raws and champignons in the basket did not get deadly mushroom. Cases of poisoning with a green mumor of whole families are quite common.
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